Статті в журналах: "Antiseptic preparations"

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Jayadi, Lukky, and Sandry Kesuma. "Efektifitas Antiseptik Ekstrak Jeruk Nipis dan Lidah Buaya Terhadap Jamur Candida Albicans." BIOSAINTROPIS (BIOSCIENCE-TROPIC) 7, no. 2 (January 29, 2022): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33474/e-jbst.v7i2.483.

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The use of hand antiseptics in the form of preparations among the community has become a lifestyle. Several hand antiseptic preparations can be found in the market. How to use it is to be dropped on the palm of the hand, then flattened on the surface of the hand. Alcohol is widely used as an antiseptic to disinfect surfaces and clean skin, but not for wounds. Alcohol as an antiseptic has bactericidal activity, works against various types of bacteria, viruses and fungi. This study aims to make an antiseptic with lime and aloe vera extracts that can kill the fungus candida albicans. In this study, the pH of the preparation was measured, the pH was 5 and for determining the specific gravity, the specific gravity was 0.9736 g/ml. The test is carried out using the percentage kill method at two contact times, namely 30 and 60 seconds. The percentage kill results for antiseptic preparations with lime and aloe vera extracts at the two contact times were 99.9% percentage kill. There is an impact of using an antiseptic with an active ingredient of alcohol with the addition of lime and aloe vera extracts on pH, specific gravity and fungal killing power. Keywords: Antiseptic, Lime, Aloe Vera, Candida Albicans

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Fathoni, Kristiani W. S. W., Hosea Jaya Edy, and Meilani Jayanti. "FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI VARIASI BASIS GEL AIR PERASAN TEMUAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza R.) SEBAGAI ANTISEPTIK TANGAN." PHARMACON 10, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/pha.10.2021.32751.

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ABSTRACT Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza R.) is a plant that contains antimicrobial properties of essential oil and curcumin compounds. The purpose of this study was to formulate temulawak juice into gel preparations by varying the HPMC and Carbomer gel bases with each base concentration of 1%, testing the effectiveness of the antiseptic preparations and evaluating the physical preparations of the gel. This study used laboratory experimental methods. temulawak is soaked in aquadest then filtered and centrifuged to obtain temulawak juice and formulated in a gel preparation. Testing the effectiveness as a hand antiseptic using the replica method. The results showed that the temulawak water gel met the physical properties of the gel preparation which included organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, spreadability test, adhesion test, and syneresis test. The percentage of colony decline using the HPMC base was 29.53% and the Carbomer base was 14.74%. This shows that the gel preparation of Temulawak juice cannot reduce the normal flora of the skin so that it does not affect an antiseptic for hands. Key Words : Antiseptic, gel preparations, Curcuma (Curcuma xanthorrhiza R.) ABSTRAK Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza R.) merupakan tanaman yang memiliki kandungan senyawa minyak atsiri dan kurkumin yang bersifat antimikroba. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memformulasikan air perasan temulawak menjadi sediaan gel dengan memvariasikan basis gel HPMC dan Karbomer dengan masing-masing konsentrasi basis sebesar 1 %, menguji efektivitas antiseptik sediaan dan mengevaluasi sediaan fisik dari gel tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental laboratorium. Temulawak direndam dengan aquadest kemudian disaring dan disentrifuse untuk mendapatkan air perasan temulawak dan diformulasikan dalam sediaan gel. Pengujian efektivitas sebagai antiseptik tangan menggunakan metode replika. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gel air perasan temulawak memenuhi persyaratan sifat fisik sediaan gel yang meliputi uji organoleptik, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji daya sebar, uji daya lekat dan uji sineresis. Presentase penurunan koloni menggunakan basis HPMC sebesar 29,53 % dan basis Karbomer sebesar 14,74 %. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sediaan gel air perasan temulawak tidak dapat menurunkan jumlah flora normal kulit sehingga tidak memiliki efek sebagai antiseptik tangan. Kata Kunci : Antiseptik, sediaan gel, Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza R.)

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Kamel, Chris, Lynda McGahan, Julie Polisena, Monika Mierzwinski-Urban, and John M. Embil. "Preoperative Skin Antiseptic Preparations for Preventing Surgical Site Infections: A Systematic Review." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 33, no. 6 (June 2012): 608–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/665723.

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Objective.To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of preoperative skin antiseptic preparations and application techniques for the prevention of surgical site infections (SSIs).Design.Systematic review of the literature using Medline, EMBASE, and other databases, for the period January 2001 to June 2011.Methods.Comparative studies (including randomized and nonrandomized trials) of preoperative skin antisepsis preparations and application techniques were included. Two researchers reviewed each study and extracted data using standardized tables developed before the study. Studies were reviewed for their methodological quality and clinical findings.Results.Twenty studies (n = 9,520 patients) were included in the review. The results indicated that presurgical antiseptic showering is effective for reducing skin flora and may reduce SSI rates. Given the heterogeneity of the studies and the results, conclusions about which antiseptic is more effective at reducing SSIs cannot be drawn.Conclusions.The evidence suggests that preoperative antiseptic showers reduce bacterial colonization and may be effective at preventing SSIs. The antiseptic application method is inconsequential, and data are lacking to suggest which antiseptic solution is the most effective. Disinfectant products are often mixed with alcohol or water, which makes it difficult to form overall conclusions regarding an active ingredient. Large, well-conducted randomized controlled trials with consistent protocols comparing agents in the same bases are needed to provide unequivocal evidence on the effectiveness of one antiseptic preparation over another for the prevention of SSIs.

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Abdullah Hosseni, Nirmal Thapa, and Priya T. "How Safe is the use of Antiseptics and Disinfectants in Children?" International Healthcare Research Journal 5, no. 3 (June 27, 2021): RV6—RV9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26440/ihrj/0503.06429.

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A wide range of antiseptic preparations and disinfectants have been used in varying concentrations and combinations in children but much research work regarding their safety and efficacy is not available. The aim of this review is to expand and broaden the pre-existing guidelines useful to the health care professionals so that antisepsis in the pediatric field can be performed appropriately, and at the same time, guarantee safety for children. Previously published studies were also assessed while writing this review. As per the data, there may be several local and systemic toxic effects related to the use of antiseptics and disinfectants in children. Properly designed large multicenter randomized clinical trials are required to direct the healthcare professionals regarding the most appropriate and safe antiseptic and disinfectant to use in pediatric patients.

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Manarisip, Thesya, Paulina V. Y. Yamlean, and Widya Astuty Lolo. "FORMULASI DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI SEDIAAN GEL EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.) SEBAGAI ANTISEPTIK TANGAN." PHARMACON 8, no. 3 (August 28, 2019): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/pha.8.2019.29335.

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Kerson Fruit (Muntingia calabura L.) contains bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, saponins, triterpenes, steroids, and tannins, which are potentially as antibacterial compounds. The aim of this study was to make a formulation of hand antiseptic gel from kerson leaf extracts with three variations in extract concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%, and to test the effectiveness of antibacterial preparations against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The method of this research is laboratory experimental research. Kerson extracts was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. The results showed that kerson leaf extract can be formulated as a hand antiseptic gel preparation that meets organoleptic requirements, like homogeneity, pH, dispersion, consistency, adhesion, cycling test, and antiseptic power testing using a colony counter. On the results of antibacterial effectiveness testing, there is a clear zone that presents the ability to inhibit the growth of gel test bacteria. The average diameter of the hand antiseptic gel preparation of kersen leaf extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% respectively were 10.00 mm, 11.66 mm and 12.00 mm so that the ability of inhibition of gel test bacteria in all concentrations was categorized strong. Keywords: Kerson, Muntingia calabura L, Hand Antiseptic Gel, Staphylococcus aureus. ABSTRAK Kersen (Muntigia calabura L.) mengandung senyawa bioaktif yaitu senyawa flavonoid, saponin, triterpen, steroid, dan tannin yang merupakan senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat formulasi sediaan gel antiseptik tangan dari ekstrak daun kersen dengan tiga variasi konsentrasi ekstrak yakni 5%, 10%, dan 15%, serta menguji efektivitas antibakteri sediaan terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium. Ekstrak tanaman kersen diperoleh dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun kersen dapat diformulasikan sebagai sediaan gel antiseptik tangan yang memenuhi persyaratan organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, konsistensi, daya lekat, cycling test, dan pengujian daya antiseptik dengan menggunakan alat colony counter. Pada hasil pengujian efektivitas antibakteri, terdapat zona bening yang mempresentasikan kemampuan penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri uji oleh gel. Diameter rata-rata sediaan gel antiseptik tangan ekstrak daun kersen pada konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 15% berturut-turut yaitu 10,00 mm , 11,66 mm dan 12,00 mm sehingga kemampuan penghambatan bakteri uji oleh gel disemua konsentrasi dikategorikan kuat. Kata kunci: Kersen, Muntingia calabura L, Gel Antiseptik Tangan, Staphylococcus aureus.

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Bartzokas, C. A., J. E. Corkill, and T. Makin. "Evaluation of the Skin Disinfecting Activity and Cumulative Effect of Chlorhexidine and Triclosan Handwash Preparations on Hands Artificially Contaminated with Serratia marcescens." Infection Control 8, no. 4 (April 1987): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700065838.

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AbstractThe initial and cumulative efficacy of two antiseptic handwash preparations in eliminating Serratia marcescens from hands was evaluated on volunteers. Two antiseptics with persistent skin antibacterial activity, 4% chlorhexidine gluconate in detergent and 1.5% triclosan in natural soap, were studied in a new protocol designed according to Food and Drug Administration guidelines. After a single handwash, both preparations exhibited a degerming action statistically superior to the mechanical elimination of the marker organism that was achieved by the nonmedicated controls. Following a further nine hand recontamination sequence with 109 colony-forming units (cfu)/mL S marcescens (mean pre-disinfection baseline, log10 6.6), the efficacy of chlorhexidine and triclosan was significantly augmented: the mean log10 reduction factors were 4.15 and 3.78, respectively. In the absence of internationally accepted testing standards for antiseptic handwash products, the significance of protocol variables is discussed. The advantages to preventative microbiology of antiseptics with persistent skin antibacterial activity are highlighted.

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Bartzokas, C. A., J. E. Corkill, T. Makin, and E. Parry. "Comparative evaluation of the immediate and sustained antibacterial action of two regimens, based on triclosan- and chlorhexidine-containing handwash preparations, on volunteers." Epidemiology and Infection 98, no. 3 (June 1987): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800062099.

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SUMMARYThe degerming effect of a 3 min handwash with 2% triclosan, or 4% chlorhexidine, in detergent and enhanced efficacy of either antiseptic in isopropyl alcohol, was evaluated in volunteers. Handwashing with either antiseptic preparation reduced the normal flora by a factor of 10; alcohol rubbing by approximately a factor of 1000. Both regimens eliminatedMicrococcus roseus, artificially inoculated before every procedure. The sustained action of the same detergent preparations was further studied in gloved and ungloved hands by the Vinson's ‘finger imprint test’. In the gloved hand both antiseptics inhibitedStaphylococcus epidermidisfor 4 h. In the ungloved hand however, triclosan remained active longer than chlorhexidine. Whilst the activity of chlorhexidine was short-lived against a clinical isolate ofS. aureus, particularly in the ungloved hand, the sustained effect of triclosan against the same strain persisted for 4 h on either hand.

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Okolov, Igor N. "Monitoring the antimicrobial activity of antiseptic eye drops." Ophthalmology journal 12, no. 3 (December 16, 2019): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ov16300.

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Introduction. Antiseptic drugs currently occupy an important place in the treatment and prevention of ocular infectious and inflammatory diseases. Often microorganisms are characterized not only by resistance to a single antibiotic, but also by the presence of multiple resistances, which limits the choice of an effective drug. This problem requires a detailed study and monitoring of the sensitivity of the main pathogens of ocular infections, not only to antibiotics but also to antiseptics. The aim was to study the species composition of conjunctival microflora in patients with ocular surface infection and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of antiseptic eye drops. Materials and methods. Investigation was carried out in 20122018 in 4237 bacterial conjunctivitis patients. The sensitivity to antiseptic preparations of pathogens isolated from patients with conjunctivitis was detected. Results. 1068 strains of microorganisms isolated from the conjunctival cavity of patients were tested. Gram-positive cocci dominated among clinically significant pathogens 47.4%. Antimicrobial activity of Vitabact eye drops against gram-positive cocci was higher than that of antiseptic Okomistin. Summary. Antimicrobial activity of the studied antiseptics against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens was different. It is necessary to conduct further research on the antimicrobial activity of antiseptic eye drops.

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Andreeva, Svetlana V., L. I. Bakhareva, D. Yu Nokhrin, M. V. Titova, N. E. Khaidarshina, and A. L. Burmistrova. "Susceptibility to antiseptic preparations in biofilm-forming Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn wounds." Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 20, no. 3 (2018): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36488/cmac.2018.3.249-256.

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The article presents data on susceptibility to antiseptic preparations in antibiotic-resistant S. aureus and P. aeruginosa strains isolated from burn wounds, which were tested in single-species and double-species biofilms with varying degrees (24-hour and 48-hour) of maturity. The studies demonstrated susceptibility of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa in single- and double-species biofilms to “Prontosan”, “Betadine” and “Chlorophyllipt” and resistance to “Miramistin” and “Chlorhexidine”. The bactericidal effect was achieved at concentrations 1.64 times higher than bacteriostatic concentrations for all the antiseptics tested. A double increase in antiseptic resistance level was observed over biofilm maturation process.

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Carvajal, Jenny, Melissa Carvajal, and Gilma Hernández. "Back to Basics: Could the Preoperative Skin Antiseptic Agent Help Prevent Biofilm-Related Capsular Contracture?" Aesthetic Surgery Journal 39, no. 8 (August 21, 2018): 848–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjy216.

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AbstractBackgroundCapsular contracture (CC) has remained an unresolved issue throughout history. Strong evidence focuses on bacterial biofilm as its main source. A literature review revealed that more than 90% of bacteria found in capsules and implants removed from patients with Baker grade III-IV CC belong to the resident skin microbiome (Staphylococcus epidermidis, predominant microorganism). The use of an adequate preoperative skin antiseptic may be a critical step to minimize implant contamination and help prevent biofilm-related CC.ObjectivesThe authors sought to compare the effect of 2 different antiseptic skin preparations: povidone-iodine (PVP-I) vs chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) on CC proportions after primary breast augmentation through a periareolar approach.MethodsIn June of 2014, The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America proposed to use CHG for preoperative skin preparation in the absence of alcohol-containing antiseptic agents as strategy to prevent surgical site infection. The clinical safety committee of a surgical center in Colombia decided to change PVP-I to CHG for surgical site preparation thereafter. The medical records of 63 patients who underwent to primary breast augmentation through a periareolar approach during 2014 were reviewed. In the first 6 months PVP-I was used in 32 patients, and later CHG was employed in 31 patients.ResultsPearson’s chi-squared test to compare CC proportions between subgroups showed a statistically significant difference. The CC proportion was higher for patients who had antisepsis with PVP-I. CC was absent when CHG was employed.ConclusionsCHG as preoperative skin antiseptic for primary breast augmentation surgery was more effective than PVP-I to help prevent biofilm-related CC.Level of Evidence: 3

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Kireev, D. M. "APPLICATION OF ASEPTICS IN SURGERY OF THE ABDOMINAL AND PELVIC CAVITY." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 6, no. 2 (August 18, 2020): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd6297-108.

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The widespread use of the antiseptic or anti-rotting method in the last 20 years, which has yielded brilliant results both in general surgery, and especially in the surgical treatment of diseases of the abdominal and pelvic organs, also has its disadvantages, the main one of which undoubtedly should be considered poisoning when using various anti-rotting medicines. In the literature there is already a rich casuistic material of deadly poisoning when used as an anesthetic, iodoform, carbolic acid, mercuric chloride, etc., etc. antiseptics or antiseptic method of treatment, despite the quick and brilliant success, still left much to be desired and made, during this entire 20-year period, both in laboratory and at the bedside of the patient, to look for means to disinfect the wound, with on the one hand, and not having a harmful effect on patients and those around them, on the other. Carbolic acid was replaced by iodine preparations, iodine preparations with mercuric chloride preparations, mercuric chloride boric acid, copper sulfate, creolin, lysol and many others, some of which have already been abandoned, some are still being tested. The degree of concentration of solutions changed, the time of their contact with the early was limited, and nevertheless, cases of poisoning, which, however, became less common, nevertheless did occur.

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Maqbali, Mohammed Abdullah Al. "Preoperative antiseptic skin preparations and reducing SSI." British Journal of Nursing 22, no. 21 (December 11, 2013): 1227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2013.22.21.1227.

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George, Jaiben, Alison K. Klika, and Carlos A. Higuera. "Use of Chlorhexidine Preparations in Total Joint Arthroplasty." Journal of Bone and Joint Infection 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/jbji.16934.

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Abstract. Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication after total joint arthroplasty (TJA). Chlorhexidine is a widely used antiseptic because of its rapid and persistent action. It is well tolerated and available in different formulations at various concentrations. Chlorhexidine can be used for pre-operative skin cleansing, surgical site preparation, hand antisepsis of the surgical team and intra-articular irrigation of infected joints. The optimal intra-articular concentration of chlorhexidine gluconate in irrigation solution is 2%, to provide a persistent decrease in biofilm formation, though cytotoxicity might be an issue. Although chlorhexidine is relatively cheap, routine use of chlorhexidine without evidence of clear benefits can lead to unnecessary costs, adverse effects and even emergence of resistance. This review focuses on the current applications of various chlorhexidine formulations in TJA. As the treatment of PJI is challenging and expensive, effective preparations of chlorhexidine could help in the prevention and control of PJI.

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Ambarwati, Neneng Siti Silfi, Mari Okatini Armandari, Nurul Hidayah, Chanar Mutiara Putri, and Siska Marlina. "PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN HAND SANITIZER MELALUI MEDIA VIDEO TUTORIAL DALAM MENSOSIALISASIKAN POLA HIDUP BERSIH DI LINGKUINGAN KELURAHAN JAKASAMPURNA, BEKASI BARAT DALAM UPAYA MENYIKAPI PANDEMI COVID-19." Sarwahita 18, no. 02 (December 31, 2021): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/sarwahita.182.1.

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Abstract COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered type of coronavirus. The new virus and the disease it causes were unknown before the outbreak began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. COVID-19 is now a pandemic affecting many countries around the world. The best way to avoid getting infected with the corona virus is to wash your hands or use a hand sanitizer. Another alternative is to use local natural ingredients as antiseptic ingredients or hand sanitizers, namely the use of betel leaf and aloe vera. The purpose of community service for the national competitive community partnership program is to improve thinking skills, make antiseptic products, and direct product marketing. This program is expected to motivate PKK women and young women to be able to make their own antiseptic products made from betel leaf and aloe vera. Furthermore, they can market the antiseptic products through cooperatives in the Jatisampurna Village, Jakasampurna Village. The output targets of this community service program are one scientific article obtained through an indexed National Journal, a hand sanitizer product, a video that is HAKI right, and increasing the empowerment of PKK mothers and young women in the Jakasampurna Village, West Bekasi District in the ability to create and develop manufacture of antiseptic preparations made from natural ingredients of betel leaf and aloe vera. This guidance is also continued by encouraging and marketing these antiseptic products through the Jakasampurna Village area. Keywords: betel leaf, aloe vera, hand sanitizer, jakasampurna Abstrak COVID-19 adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh jenis corona virus yang baru ditemukan. Virus baru dan penyakit yang disebabkannya ini tidak dikenal sebelum mulainya wabah di Wuhan, Tiongkok, bulan Desember 2019. COVID- 19 ini sekarang menjadi sebuah pandemi yang terjadi di banyak negara di seluruh dunia. Cara terbaik menghindar dari infeksi virus corona adalah mencuci tangan atau menggunakan hand sanitizer. Alternatif lain dengan memanfaatkan bahan alam lokal sebagai bahan antiseptik ataupun hand sanitizer yaitu pemanfaatan daun sirih dan lidah buaya. Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat kompetitif nasional program kemitraan masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir, membuat produk antiseptik serta keterampilan memasarkan produk. Program ini diharapkan dapat memotivasi Ibu-ibu PKK dan remaja puteri untuk mampu membuat produk antiseptik sendiri yang berbahan dasar daun sirih dan lidah buaya. Selanjutnya dapat memasarkan produk antiseptik tersebut melalui koperasi di wilayah Kelurahan Jatisampurna Kelurahan Jakasampurna. Target luaran dari program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah satu artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan melalui Jurnal Nasional terindeks, satu produk hand sanitizer, video yang di HAKI kan, dan peningkatan keberdayaan Ibu-ibu PKK serta remaja puteri di Kelurahan Jakasampurna Kecamatan Bekasi Barat dalam kemampuan membuat dan mengembangkan pembuatan sediaan antiseptik berbahan dasar bahan alam daun sirih serta lidah buaya. Binaan ini juga dilanjutkan dengan mempromosikan dan memasarkan produk antiseptik tersebut melalui koperasi di wilayah Kelurahan Jakasampurna. Kata Kunci: daun sirih, lidah buaya, hand sanitizer, Jakasampurna

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Makonin, A. V., I. S. Kopetsky, I. A. Nikolskaya, D. A. Eremin, E. G. Mikhailova, L. V. Pobozhyeva, and N. N. Patrakova. "Study of antiseptic properties of drugs used for antiseptic treatment of root canals." Medical alphabet, no. 24 (September 26, 2021): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2021-24-19-21.

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The study determined the antiseptic activity of modern drugs in the form of liquids presented on the territory of the Russian Federation, drugs were used for long-term antiseptic treatment of the root canal system of teeth. The need to use these drugs is justified by the microbial insemination of the root channels and the presence of various branches at all levels of the root channel. Thus, the obtained results make it possible to state that the degree of antiseptic activity of the preparations depends on the exposure time. The study established the strong antiseptic effect of the drug Kresotin No. 2. As follows from the analysis of the above materials, the antiseptic activity of Pulpevit No. 2, Gwayafen forte, Camforfen showed minimal results with respect to the microflora of the experimental part of the study.

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Detusheva, Elena Vladimirovna, O. N. Ershova, and N. K. Fursova. "The sensitivity of planktonic cultures and biofilms of gram-negative bacteria to commercial disinfectant and antiseptic preparations." Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 66, no. 7 (July 16, 2021): 438–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-7-438-447.

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The in vitro antibacterial activity of 11 commercial disinfectant preparations and 8 antiseptics against 10 strains of the bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter cloaceae and Providencia stuartii obtained from international collections and isolated from neuroresuscitation patients in Moscow in 2018 was studied. The sensitivity of planktonic cultures to the preparations was determined by the method of serial dilutions in broth and the spot method on solid nutrient media, the sensitivity of biofilms by the applicator method. A general pattern was revealed: the level of sensitivity to tested disinfectants in clinical strains was lower than in reference strains. It was found that the disinfectants «Mikrobak-Forte», «SAT-22», «Neobak-Oksi» at the concentrations recommended by the manufacturers were effective against bacteria of all test strains, both in the plankton state and in the form of biofilms. On the contrary, the disinfectant preparations «Biodez-Optima», «Biodez-Extra DVU», «Novodez-Aktiv», «Triosept-Oksi», «Tristel Fusion for Surfaces», «Effect-Forte Plus», «Lactic-Oxy» did not have sufficient effectiveness in the concentrations recommended by the manufacturers, therefore it is proposed to use these drugs in higher concentrations. It was found that the disinfectant «Biodez-Extra DVU» is able to inhibit the growth of biofilms of bacteria of the species K. pneumoniae. The ability to suppress the growth of bacterial biofilms of K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa was revealed for the «Triestel Fusion for surfaces disinfectant». The bacteria of all used test strains in the planktonic state were sensitive to all tested antiseptic preparations. However, the biofilms of the clinical strains of P. aeruginosa and P. stuartii. possessed resistance to the antiseptics «Octenidol», «Octenisept», «Miramistin», «Hexoral». Our studies indicate the need for sensitivity analysis of antibacterial drugs in representatives of hospital pathogens, including the modeling of bacterial biofilms, which is a very relevant and important scientific direction, necessary to improve the control of nosocomial infections in the Russian Federation.

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Morozov, Artem Mikhailovich, Alexey Nikolaevich Sergeev, Gennady Alexandrovich Dubatolov, Nikolay Alexandrovich Sergeev, Sergey Vladimirovich Zhukov, Taisia Stanislavovna Ryzhova, and Konstantin Iosifovich Khorak. "Modern devices for treatment of the surgeon’s hands and the surgical field (literature review)." Disinfection affairs, no. 4 (December 2020): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35411/2076-457x-2020-4-41-50.

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The aim – analyze modern Russian and foreign literary sources in order to determine modern means for treating the hands of the surgeon and the operating field. Results. One of the key points in the prevention of surgical infection is the treatment of the surgeon’s hands and the operating field with effective skin antiseptics in order to destroy pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms that colonize intact skin. In modern practice, skin antiseptics are predominantly used containing alcohols as active substances, in particular ethyl, propyl and isopropyl, halogenated substances such as iodine and iodophores, guanidines, which include chlorhexidine digluconate, as well as quaternary ammonium compounds. Moreover, the most widespread are combined preparations containing several active substances and functional additives, which makes it possible to neutralize the negative properties of various active substances. Also, an interesting and promising direction is the use of polymer operating films or film-forming antiseptics. Currently, research is being actively carried out aimed at finding and developing modern highly effective antiseptic agents and their rational combinations that meet the necessary requirements, are optimal in their properties, cost-effective and comfortable to use.

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Frolov, Nikita, Elena Detusheva, Nadezhda Fursova, Irina Ostashevskaya, and Anatoly Vereshchagin. "Microbiological Evaluation of Novel Bis-Quaternary Ammonium Compounds: Clinical Strains, Biofilms, and Resistance Study." Pharmaceuticals 15, no. 5 (April 22, 2022): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15050514.

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This work is devoted to the investigation of biocidal properties of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) based on pyridine structures with aromatic spacers, and their widely known analogs, against clinically significant microorganisms. This study is focused on investigating their antimicrobial activity (minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs)), antibiofilm properties (minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBICs) and minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBECs)), synergetic effect with different alcohols in antiseptic formulations, and bacterial resistance development. It was shown that all combined analogue preparations had a higher level of antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains, with a 16- to 32-fold reduction in MICs and MBCs compared to previously used antiseptic preparations. Moreover, hit-QACs demonstrated a stable effect against Gram-negative E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and A. baumannii within a month of incubation. Overall results indicated a high level of antibacterial activity of pyridine-based QACs.

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Plavan, Viktoriia, Olena Ishchenko, Ilya Resnytskyi, Iryna Liashok, and Daria Kuchynska. "MODIFIED POLYSACCHARIDES APPLICATION FOR ANTISEPTIC LEATHER PROCESSING." TECHNICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES, no. 4(18) (2019): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5363-2019-4(18)-209-214.

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Urgency of the research. The leather is very sensitive to microbial degradation during processing, storage, transportation and use. Therefore, it is important to search for preparations and methods of leather treatment, providing specific fungicidal properties, depending on the purpose. Target setting. To establish the possibility of using a composition based on modified polysaccharides with the addition of PVA and Quaternary ammonium salts for leather treatment to give fungicidal properties. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Recent open access publications have been reviewed regarding polymeric materials, antiseptic and fungicidal preparations used to obtain of insole leather with special properties. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The principle of action of many fungicidal or bactericidal products when used together has not been established. In particular, in the case of the simultaneous use of modified polysaccharides and quaternary ammonium salts for antiseptic treatment of the leather. The research objective. The purpose of the work is to research antiseptic properties of the coating based on modified polysaccharides with the addition of quaternary ammonium salts (QASc) for insole leather. The statement of basic materials. It is established that the polymer composition based on modified starch and polyvinyl alcohol with the addition of a quarter of ammonium salts gives the leather antiseptic properties, this is proved by the delay of growth of microorganisms by 3-4 mm from the edge of the sample. The relative air permeability of the leather is reduced by almost half (from 1.18 · 103 to 0.54 · 103 cm3 / cm2 • h), the leather porosity is also reduced by 5-10 % and the stiffness is increased by 40 %. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted researches it is established that although treatment of leather surface by a solution CMS: PVA and QASс reduction of the tensile strength of leather but in its physical and mechanical properties the treated leather meets the requirements for the lining, has antiseptic properties and can be used for the manufacture of insoles.

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Polova, Zhanna, and Lyudmyla Almakayeva. "SUBSTANTIATION FOR THE TECHNOLOGY OF OBTAINING ANTIMICROBIAL SPRAY ON THE BASIS OF SILVER AND COPPER CITRATES." EUREKA: Health Sciences 1 (January 31, 2018): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5679.2018.00561.

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Formation and development of the veterinary pharmacy and veterinary drugs market in Ukraine is an urgent issue. In order to prevent infection of the mammary gland in cows after milking, the nipples are treated with a suitable disinfectant for complete immersion or spraying. However, the agents for the prevention of mastitis, presented in the Ukrainian market, are expensive and there is a need to develop domestic veterinary preparations of different forms of release. This work is a continuation of research on the development of the composition and technology of a means for antiseptic treatment of nipples and udders of cattle, in the form of a spray, in order to prevent microbial contamination and prevent mastitis. To obtain a stable veterinary drug based on citrate of silver and copper, the dissolution regimes of the substances were investigated, the order of introduction of the active ingredients and auxiliary substances into the solution, the duration and the rate of stirring during dissolution. It is established that the most optimal are the following technological modes of spray preparation: dissolution temperature 20-220С, mixing time from 10 to 15 minutes, with stirring intensity from 150-200 sec-1. The selected technological regime ensures the stability of the veterinary drug "Argocide-copper" during storage for 12 months. The technology of obtaining a spray in the conditions of industrial production of veterinary preparations of LLC "Brovafarm" (Brovary, Ukraine) is developed. Critical stages and critical control points in the production process of a veterinary preparation of antiseptic action are determined.

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Rohrer, Nadine, Andreas F. Widmer, Tuomas Waltimo, Eva M. Kulik, Roland Weiger, Elisabeth Filipuzzi-Jenny, and Clemens Walter. "Antimicrobial Efficacy of 3 Oral Antiseptics Containing Octenidine, Polyhexamethylene Biguanide, or Citroxx: Can Chlorhexidine Be Replaced?" Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 31, no. 7 (July 2010): 733–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/653822.

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Background.Use of oral antiseptics decreases the bacterial load in the oral cavity.Objective.To compare the antimicrobial activity of 3 novel oral antiseptics with that of Chlorhexidine, which is considered the “gold standard” of oral hygiene.Design.Comparative in vitro study.Methods.Four common oral microorganisms (Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, andFusobacterium nucleatum) were tested under standard conditions and at different concentrations, by use of a broth dilution assay and an agar diffusion assay and by calculating the log10reduction factor (RF). The antimicrobial activity of each antiseptic was assessed by counting the difference in bacterial densities (ie, the log10number of colony-forming units of bacteria) before and after the disinfection process.Results.The oral antiseptics containing octenidine (with an RF in the range of 7.1–8.24 CFU/mL) and polyhexamethylene biguanide (with an RF in the range of 7.1–8.24 CFU/mL) demonstrated antimicrobial activity comparable to that of Chlorhexidine (with an RF in the range of 1.03–8.24 CFU/mL), whereas the mouth rinse containing Citroxx (Citroxx Biosciences; with an RF in the range of 0.22–1.36 CFU/mL) showed significantly weaker antimicrobial efficacy. Overall, octenidine and polyhexamethylene biguanide were more active at lower concentrations.Conclusion.Oral antiseptics containing the antimicrobial agent octenidine or polyhexamethylene biguanide may be considered as potent alternatives to chlorhexidine-based preparations.

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Myltykbayeva, Zhannur, Galina Kovaleva, Azamat Mukhitdinov, Sandugash Omarova, and Rashid Nadirov. "In Vivo Comparison of Chlorine-Based Antiseptics versus Alcohol Antiseptic for Surgical Hand Antisepsis." Scientifica 2020 (September 24, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3123084.

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Despite being commonly used as effective preparation for surgical hand antisepsis, alcohol solutions have major drawbacks, such as drying effect, emergence of hand eczema, and other diseases. This study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as antiseptic in comparison to single sodium hypochlorite and 70% ethanol. In 5-day tests, the effects of 3 antiseptics were established according to standard test methods. The antiseptics were applied to the hands of 82 volunteers, and samples of bacteria were collected on days 1 and 5, immediately after drying and 6 hours later after antiseptic application. Student’s t test and ANOVA were applied in a statistical study. The NaOCl with H2O2 composition demonstrated noninferiority to both sodium hypochlorite only and alcohol products and superiority to these antiseptics on day 5 (P<0.05 at a significance level of 5% for each comparative trial in this day) at equivalence margin of 20%. The effectiveness of the NaOCl plus H2O2 composition as an antiseptic was explained by the formation of singlet oxygen in the system. Together, these data suggest that NaOCl and H2O2 may be an effective hand antisepsis that avoids the drawbacks seen with alcohol solutions.

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Loban, G. A., V. G. Kravchenko, M. M. Ananyeva, A. V. Kravchenko, and M. O. Faustova. "ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTI-FUNGAL EFFECT OF ANTISEPTIC PREPARATION “CIDIPOL”." Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 20, no. 2 (July 6, 2020): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.20.2.145.

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The increase in resistance of pathogenic microflora to antibiotics over the world has become one of the challenges for biomedical science. Therefore, further development of antimicrobials and their use in various fields of medicine are extremely important. There are a wide range of antiseptic preparations in different fields of clinical medicine (octenisept, eludril, triclosan, myramistin, chlorhexidine, bigluconate-syn. hexinone, hibiscrab, hibitsan, eugel, fervex and others) in our country today. In 1985 the researchers of the Department of Skin and Sexually transmitted diseases, UMSA, created an antiseptic for treating venereal diseases. The name "Cidipol", proposed by the author, prof. V. G. Kravchenko, was approved by the Nomenclature Commission of the Pharmacological Committee, the Ministry of Public Health of the former USSR. The medicine as an invention was registered at the International Patent Centre (Geneva, Switzerland), and patents for the invention were obtained in Ukraine, the USA and the Russian Federation. In the United States, the drug has been reported as a preparation for individual prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and the treatment of urogenital trichomoniasis in women. Considering that antiseptics can produce an effect on the wide range of microbial flora, it is quite relevant to study the effect produced by Cidipol on certain types of bacteria and fungi. The purpose of the study was to investigate the fungicidal and bactericidal action of Cidipol on a number of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms. The study was carried out at the Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, UMSA; we used museum strains of the following microorganisms: C.albicans ATCC10231, E.coli ATCC25922, S.aureus ATCC25923, E.faecalis ATCC29213, M.luteus ATCC4698, S.epudermidis ATCC14990. The antibacterial composition, prepared ex tempore according to the prescription "Cidipol", was used: 0.3% ciminal (p-nitro-alpha-chloride aldehyde), 5.0% dimexide, 94.7% polyethylene oxide. The investigated museum strains of C.albicans ATCC10231, S.aureus ATCC25923, E.coli ATCC25922, were found out to be sensitive to the effect of Cidipol; the fungicidal effect of the Cidipol composition exceeded its bactericidal effect in 4 times. The strains of E.faecalis, M.luteus, and S.epidermidis were the least sensitive. Conclusions. The results of the studies have demonstrated the presence of pronounced antimicrobial effect of Cidipol to museum microorganism strains with different levels of sensitivity.

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Isnaini, Intania. "Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Balaccida Leaf Extract and Its Anti-Bacterial Activity of E. Coli." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry and Environment 4, no. 2 (March 10, 2022): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/ijoce.v4i2.48402.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has become a major problem for public health around the world. One of the ways to prevent Coronavirus is by maintaining hand hygiene using hand sanitizer. The main ingredient of most antiseptics circulating in Indonesia is alcohol which can cause skin irritation. Alcohol substitutes as antiseptics in hand sanitizers are widely available in nature, one of which is the balakacida plant (Chromolaena odorata). The availability of balakacida plants in Indonesia is very abundant as wild plants are often referred to as nuisance plants (weeds). The phytochemical content of balakacida leaves includes saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids that have the potential as antibacterial. Balakacida leaf extract has the potential to be used as a source of active ingredients in antiseptic preparations as an alternative to maintain hand hygiene from various parasitic microorganisms. AgNPs are one of the antibacterial and antifungal agents that are effective in inhibiting and killing microorganisms. The optimal variation of CO-SNPs was found at 3 ml of CO-SNPs with an absorption peak of 409 nm and a particle size of 230.1 nm. CO-SNPs produced the best inhibitory value of 12.26 mm on E.coli bacteria.

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Dooms-Goossens, A., H. Deveylder, Afife Gidi de Alam, J. M. Lachapelle, D. Tennstedt, and H. Degreef. "Contact sensitivity to nonoxynols as a cause of intolerance to antiseptic preparations." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 21, no. 4 (October 1989): 723–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0190-9622(89)70244-9.

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Ningsih, Wida, Diana Agustin, and Putri Sefrianti. "FORMULASI SABUN PEMBERSIH KEWANITAAN (Feminime Hygiene) DARI MINYAK ATSIRI RIMPANG LENGKUAS PUTIH (Alpinia galanga L) DAN UJI AKTIFITAS ANTISEPTIK TERHADAP Candida albicans." JIFFK : Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik 16, no. 01 (June 1, 2019): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31942/jiffk.v16i01.2929.

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ABSTRACTCandida albicans is a normal flora in the female genitalia which can cause vaginal discharge. White galangal rhizome contains essential oils of eugenol which have activities that inhibit the growth of Candida albicans. This study formulated the white galangal rhizome essential oil in the form of feminime hygiene to make it easier and more comfortable to use and to determine the antiseptic feminime hygiene activity of the white galangal rhizome oil of Candida albicans. The essential oil of white galangal rhizome is formulated in three variations of concentration namely 10%, 15% and 20%. Feminime hygiene of essential white galangal rhizome oil was evaluated such as organoleptic, homogeneity, specific gravity, foam power test, viscosity, pH and stability. Antiseptic activity testing was tested with SDA (Sabouraud Dextrose Agar) media and using agar diffusion method. The results of the feminime hygiene evaluation formulated showed results similar to the results of comparative evaluations (BN). The parameters of antiseptic activity are indicated by the formation of inhibitory zone diameters where F0 (negative control), F1 (10%), F2 (15%), and F3 (20%) respectively have an average diameter value of 11 mm, 14.65 mm 17.58 mm and 25.41 mm. The classification category of the response to microbial growth according to CLSI, F0 and F1 includes the weak group, the F2 is the moderate group and the F3 is the strong group. Based on the results of one-way ANOVA statistical analysis there were significant differences in liquid soap preparations F0, F1, F2 with F3 at (P <0.05). White galangal rhizome essential oil can be formulated into feminine hygiene and has antiseptic activity against the fungus Candida albicans.Keywords: white galangal, antiseptic, candida albicans

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Suhesti, Tuti Sri, M. Mudrik H. Rohman, and Sunarto Sunarto. "Formulation of Gel Hand Sanitizer of Nagasari Leaf Extract (Mesua ferrea L.)." Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology 1 (January 5, 2022): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/ijpst.v1i1.36465.

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Nagasari (Mesua ferrea L.) is one of the biodiversity to be developed as an antiseptic preparation. These plants are known to contain flavonoid compounds, tannins, and terpenoids that act as antibacterial. Hand sanitizer gel preparations can increase the effectiveness of topically. The physical properties of a good gel depend on a gelling agent, one of which is HPMC. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in HPMC levels on physical properties and antibacterial activity. Gels were prepared with various HPMC levels of 1%, 2%, and 3%. The gel was tested for physical properties and stability. All formulas produced preparations that met the requirements for good physical properties and stability. Testing of antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus showed that an increase in HPMC levels could decrease the ability to release the active substance of the preparation. The diameter of the inhibition zone obtained was 10.0 mm (HPMC 1%); 9.5 mm (2% HPMC) and 8.0 mm (3% HPMC). Increasing the concentration of HPMC will increase the viscosity and adhesion but decrease the spreadability. The three formulas had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with moderate criteria.Keywords: Extract of nagasari leaf, Gel, HPMC, Staphylococcus aureus

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Nikolenko, V. N., A. L. Urakov, L. I. Rastegaeva, E. A. Kozyreva, L. A. Gridin, I. N. Chairkin, and I. V. Shevchuk. "THE USING OF NEW PRESERVING SOLUTION FOR THE STORAGE AND THE DEMONSTRATION OF ANATOMICAL PREPARATIONS." Morphological newsletter 27, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.20340/mv-mn.19(27).04.61-64.

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For storage and open demonstration of moist anatomical educational preparations and museum exhibits proposed to use a new preservative, which is an aqueous solution of 0.014-0.019% 3-iodine-2-propinilbutilcarbonate. The solution has high antiseptic activity and does not have a local irritant effect on the skin, mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and oral cavity, as well as on the conjunctiva of the eyes. The proposed preservative is non-toxic and environmentally safety. Long-term storage and use of anatomical preparations in the proposed preservative does not cause any damaging changes, violations of their shape, structure and color. The method is patented by the Russian Patent Agency.

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Mahajan, Shraddha, Devshree Gayakwad, Abhilasha Tiwari, and G. N. Darwhekar. "Formulation and Evaluation of Herbo-Mineral Facial Scrub." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 3 (May 15, 2020): 195–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i3.4039.

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The main objective of present study was to prepare a herbo-mineral facial scrub. Majorly facial skin comes in direct contact of dirt, pollution, dust particles and having large number of dead cells. In order to remove the dead cells and make the skin healthy, cleaned and nourished, some facial preparations required. The prepared scrub contains various natural ingredients which are safer for use and having fewer side effects and also they possess antiseptic, anti-infective, antioxidant, anti-aging and humectant properties. The scrub was prepared by using simple mixing method using various ingredients such as poppy seeds, neem extract, tulsi extract, aloe vera gel, almond oil, mixed in carbopol 934, rest of ingredients such as glycerin, triethanolamine, preservatives and perfuming agent were also added to this preparation with homogeneous mixing. The formulated scrub was evaluated for various parameters such as physical appearance, color, texture, odor, pH, viscosity, irritability, washability, homogeneity, extrudability, spreadability and found fruitful results for all the parameter tested. Thus the prepared formulation can be used effectively as it shows good scrubbing properties and it can be used to make a healthy, clean and glowing skin. Keywords: Facial scrub, antiseptic, anti-aging, herbal, poppy seeds etc.

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Ambari, Yani, Hanik Endah Paramita, and Arista Wahyu Ningsih. "FORMULASI DAN UJI STABILITAS SEDIAAN GEL HAND SANITIZER EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH MENTIMUN (Cucumis sativus L.)." Journal of Pharmaceutical Care Anwar Medika 3, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 110–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36932/jpcam.v3i2.43.

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Hand Sanitizers generally contain chemicals in the form of alcohol and triclosan. However, the use of these two ingredients can cause danger if they are used continuously, therefore the Hand Sanitizer antiseptic product was innovated using ethanol extract of cucumber fruit which contains antibacterial compounds to reduce the use of both ingredients. The purpose of this study was to make a Hand Sanitizer gel formulation from ethanol extract of cucumber fruit and to determine the physical stability of the preparation during storage. Hand Sanitizer Gel of cucumber fruit ethanol extract is made in three formulations withdifferent extract concentrations, namely F1 (1.5%), F2 (2.5%), and F3 (3.5%). The results of the organoleptic test included the three formulations, namely that the three of them did not change during storage. The results of the homogeneity test included F1 and F2 which were stated to be homogeneous while F3 was not homogeneous. The results of the pH test included that during storage the three had decreased until week 3 and increased thepH again at week 4. The results of the spreadabilitytest of the three preparations met the requirements for the gel preparation, but in the adhesion test the three preparations did not meet the adhesion requirements of the gel preparation.

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Micháľová, A., M. Micháľ, and M. Fialkovičová. "Combination of Beta Glucan, Honey and Chlorhexidine in the Wound Management in a Cat a Case Report." Folia Veterinaria 63, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fv-2019-0040.

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Abstract Wound management is one of the oldest and one of the most frequent therapeutic activities in medicine. Over the centuries there has been described and tested many therapeutic substances for the treatment of wounds with various effects. Due to the discovery of antibiotics, a wound management regime used to be limited only to a local application. Over years, it has been shown, that comprehensive therapy which uses only antibacterial preparations, also may contain some negative points (resistance of aggressive pathogens, toxicity, allergic reactions, etc.). According to studies, the best solution to this problem is a local application, using preparations that ensure the sterility of the affected parts of the skin, and the utilization of agents that are able to accelerate the granulation and lead to the healing process of the wound. Products that contain beta glucan combined with a gentle but effective antiseptics (chlorhexidine digluconate), or natural substance with antiseptic and also nourishment effect (honey), are very beneficial in wound management. A good penetration of active agents, the ability to moisturize defective tissues, and to make a protective film that hinder the intersection of impurities and decrease secondary contamination, are the benefits of a gel formulation, that is the most appropriate external form of application in veterinary practice that can improve and accelerate a successful healing process of wounds in animals.

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Trofimenko, Y. Y., E. F. Makac, O. K. Stucan, and V. M. Burkot. "Sensitivity of biofilm and planktonic forms of non-fermenting bacteria to the action of antiseptics." Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 22, no. 2 (December 5, 2018): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2018-22(2)-12.

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It is known that bacteria colonize endotracheal intubation tubes [EIT], form biofilms. Bacterial cells that are in the film matrix are protected from the effects of external factors and differ in high levels of resistance to the action of antibiotics, antiseptics, and disinfectants. The purpose of our study was to determine the sensitivity of the antiseptics of biofilm and planktont forms of non-fermentable gram-negative bacteria to the action of the antiseptics of decamethoxin, chlorohexidine bigluconate, povidone iodine, hydrogen peroxide. In order to create bacterial biofilms, sterile fragments of the endotracheal tubes were placed in test tubes with meat-peptone broth and the daily culture of the studied strain of microorganisms was blocked. To determine the influence of antiseptics on biofilms of bacteria, the method of two successive dilutions was used. The results of a comparative study of the activity of antiseptic agents (decamethoxin, bichluconate chlorhexidine, povidone iodine, hydrogen peroxide) in relation to planktonic and biofilm forms of pseudomonad and acinetobacter strains testify that in all investigated antiseptics and bacterial films pseudomonads forms are more resistant to drags preparations than in planktonic form. In bichluconate, chlorhexidine and decamethoxin MBcK for a bacterial film are 3,2 times greater than for a planktonic form. The smallest difference MBtsK for planktonic and biofilm forms of pseudomonad was in the drug povidone-iodine. MBcC bichluconate chlorhexidine for the biofilm form of acinetobacter, in comparison with planktonic form, was 3,3 times higher, for decamethoxin in 3.7 times, for povidone-iodine in 3,5 times. Biopharmaceutical forms of gram-negative nonfermenting bacteria have the ability to achieve high levels of resistance to antiseptics.

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Leibovitz, Arthur, Yehuda Carmeli, and Refael Segal. "Effect of Various Antibacterial Preparations on the Pathogenic Oral Flora in Elderly Patients Fed via Nasogastric Tube." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 49, no. 8 (August 2005): 3566–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.49.8.3566-3568.2005.

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ABSTRACT Oropharyngeal colonization by pathogenic gram-negative bacilli (GNB) and Staphylococcus aureus is associated with aspiration pneumonia. Decolonization in high-risk populations may be important. We prospectively evaluated six antiseptic compounds in nasogastric tube-fed frail elderly patients; only polymixine reduced oropharyngeal colonization with GNB. None had an effect on S. aureus colonization.

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Rusli, Nirwati, Eny Nurhikma, and Elma Puspita Sari. "Formulasi Sediaan Sabun Padat Ekstrak Daun Lamun (Thalassia hemprichii)." WARTA FARMASI 8, no. 2 (October 10, 2019): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.46356/wfarmasi.v8i2.96.

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Lamun (Thalassia hemprichii) merupakan tanaman utama dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan kecantikan, obat, dan bidang farmasi. yang memiliki kandungan alkaloid, flavonoid tanin dan fenol. yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Aktifitas ini lebih efektif dibuat dalam sediaan sabun. Sabunyang dapat membunuh bakteri dikenal dengan sabun antiseptik. dengan menggunakan ekstrak daun lamun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak daun lamun dapat di formulasikan sabun mandi padat dan Untuk mengetahui konsentrasi dari ekstrak daun lamun (Thalassiahemprichi) yang memenuhi syarat evaluasi fisik dan uji stabilitas sediaan sabun padat. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah eksperimen dengan membuat sediaan sabun padat. Daun lamun di ekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Ekstrak yang diperoleh kemudian dibuat sediaan sabun padat dengan konsentrasi ekstrak daun lamun sebesar 15% (FA), 25% (FB), 35% (FC). Formulasi di uji secara evaluasi fisik pada suhu kamar dan cycling test. Evaluasi sediaan meliputi organoleptik, pH sediaan, homogenitas, cycling test dan waktu ruang. Hasil evaluasi fisik sediaan sabun padat ekstrak daun lamun yang dilakukan selama 4 minggu menunjukkan ketiga formula yang dibuat memenuhi syarat evaluasi fisik sediaan,yaitu formula C karena memiliki bentukya padat. Kata kunci : Ekstrak daun lamun, Sabun Padat, evaluasi fisik dan uji stabiilitas sediaan. ABSTRACT Seagrass (Thalassia hemprichii) is the main plant used as a beauty ingredient, medicine, and pharmaceutical field. which contains alkaloids, tannin flavonoids and phenols. which can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This activity is more effectively made in soap preparations. Soaps that can kill bacteria are known as antiseptic soaps. by using seagrass leaf extract. The purpose of this study is to find out whether seagrass leaf extracts can be formulated in solid soap and to determine the concentration of seagrass leaf extracts (Thalassia hemprichi) that meet the physical evaluation and stability tests of solid soap preparations. The type of research conducted was an experiment by making solid soap preparations. Seagrass leaves were extracted by maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. The extract obtained was then made into a solid soap preparation with a concentration of seagrass extract at 15% (FA), 25% (FB), 35% (FC). The formulation was tested by physical evaluation at room temperature and by cycling test. Evaluation of preparations includes organoleptic, dosage pH, homogeneity, cycling tests and time space. The results of physical evaluation of seagrass leaf extract solid soap which was carried out for 4 weeks showed that the three formulas that were made met the physical evaluation requirements of the preparation, namely formula C because it has a solid form. Keywords: Seagrass leaves extract, Solid Soap, physical evaluation and stabiility test preparations.

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Soulsby, M. E., J. B. Barnett, and S. Maddox. "The Antiseptic Efficacy of Chlorxylenol-Containing vs. Chlorhexidine Gluconate-Containing Surgical Scrub Preparations." Infection Control 7, no. 4 (April 1986): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700083995.

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AbstractThe studies described here evaluate the efficacy of the chlorxylenol-containing surgical scrub formulations against the Chlorhexidine gluconate-containing formulations using the Glove Juice Test, as recommended by the FDA's panel to develop guidelines for the study of antiseptic agents. Similar reports from the literature evaluating the relative efficacies of the iodophor-containing and the hexachlorophene-containing formulations are cited. Results fail to detect any significant differences in the efficacy of these two preparations, each significantly reducing the bacterial flora on the hands as indicated by immediate post-wash colony counts, and each demonstrating the continuing ability to significantly reduce bacterial growth with continued regular use.

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Mahdi, Nur, Farhandika Putra, and Nuraini Manurung. "FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS SABUN CAIR ANTISEPTIK DARI EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH KAPUL (Baccaurea macrocarpa)." Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan 7, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36387/jiis.v7i1.748.

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Kapul fruit is a typical plant of Kalimantan known by the Latin name Baccaurea macrocarpa. The rind of Baccaurea macrocarpa has antibacterial potential, so it is necessary to develop it into liquid soap preparations. The purpose of this study was to formulate and test the antiseptic activity of liquid soap from the extract of Baccaurea macrocarpa rind. Kapul fruit peel extract was divided into 4 different concentrations (F0 0%, FI 1%, FII 2%, and FIII 3%) formulated in liquid soap preparations. The evaluation of liquid soap includes physical characteristics (organoleptic, homogeneity, dispersion test), pH, and antibacterial test. The results of the organoleptic test, dispersive test, pH, antibacterial test Kapul fruit rind extract showed no significant difference in the pH, dispersibility, and antibacterial test. Based on the results of the evaluation of the preparations, all formulas showed good characteristics. The formula I has a good antibacterial effect.

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Puzik, Vladimir, Ludmila Puzik, Nina Lyubymova, Oksana Pankova, and Vitalyi Sakhatsky. "Application of the Sequential Control for Increasing Competitiveness of Agricultural Products." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.3 (September 15, 2018): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.3.19925.

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The competitiveness of agricultural enterprises on the international market depends directly on the professional and timely implementation of decisions of control. Its function stipulates for a number of actions, work out methods and tools which aimed at conservation the quality of agricultural products in the period of its storage and transportation in accordance with the consumer’s requirements.Construction of control by a recycling pattern is one of the practical ways to increase the effectiveness of control, when an object that is recognized as fit is subject to repeated checks. The major tasks in the construction of a statistical model of measurement control have been analyzed, a typical monitoring system, a sequential control structure, and its characteristics have been submitted. The suggested control significantly reduces the reject rate in the total mass of products.The obtained result of analytical dependencies is convenient for engineering calculations of other types of numerical control.An example of the application of sequential control of broccoli cabbage in its storage with helping with antiseptic preparations is given. The influence of various antiseptics on different varieties of broccoli cabbage is considered. Such a study helps the manufacturer find the best opportunities to improve the competitiveness of its products.

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Harnis, Zola Efa. "FORMULASI OBAT KUMUR GAMBIR DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus." Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi & Herbal 3, no. 1 (October 31, 2020): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.36656/jpfh.v3i1.316.

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Oral hygiene and dental health are very important, there are various kinds of patogen bacteria in the oral cavity, including the bacteria that cause thrush, Staphylococcus aureus. Gambir is the result of extraction containing polyphenol compounds. The main components contained in gambir consist of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins. The use of gambir as a mouthwash preparation is an alternative to replace mouthwash preparations which generally contain an antiseptic in the form of alcohol which can trigger oral cancer. This research is to formulate gambir as a mouthwash and determine the differences in the effectiveness of antibacterial on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus with variations in the concentration of 5%, 10%, 15%. Antibacterial activity test using NA media with agar diffusion method. Physical requirements tests include organoleptic tests, pH tests and viscosity testsshowed that the preparation of 5%, 10% and 15% gambir mouthwash had a pH outside the optimum bacterial growth range of 5. Viscosity of mouthwash preparations of 1.30-5.10 Cp. The antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus in F1 did not produce inhibitory zones, F2 was 5.46 mm, F3 was 9.60 mm and F4 was 10.76 mm while in f5 the positive control was 12.10 mm. Conclusio of this study is gambier mouthwash concentration of 5%, 10% and 15% can inhibit the growth of staphylococcus aureus bacteria.

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Shoviantari, Fenita. "UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI GEL MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN KEMANGI (Oscimum basillicum L) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus." Journal of Herbal, Clinical and Pharmaceutical Science (HERCLIPS) 2, no. 02 (May 25, 2021): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30587/herclips.v2i02.2408.

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The essential oil of basil leaves (Oscimum basillicum L) has a mixture of chemical compositions, the most common of which are terpenes, aldehydes, alcohols, esters, phenols and ketones. Of these compounds that have antibacterial activity is linalool (51.2-74.73%) which is included in the terpenoid compound group. Objective: This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of the concentration of basil essential oil on the physical quality test of gel preparations and to determine whether there is a difference in the effect of the concentration of basil essential oil on antibacterial activity. The essential oil of basil leaves essential oil hand antiseptic gel was formulated with 4%, 6%, and 8% concentration of basil essential oil. Method: Antibacterial activity test was performed using the Disk Diffusion method. Results: The results of the research for the hand antiseptic gel of the essential oil of basil leaves (Oscimum basillicum L) met the parameters of the organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, spreadability test and adhesion test. Basil leaf essential oil hand antiseptic gel with a concentration of 4% can inhibit bacterial growth with an average of 9mm, a concentration of 6% with an average of 10mm, and a concentration of 8% with an average of 12mm. By analyzing the data using One Way ANOVA, the Sig. 0,000 which means that there are differences in the three formulations. Conclusion: The three formulations are susceptible to strong inhibition.

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Rybalchenko, O. V., M. V. Erman, O. G. Orlova, T. M. Pervunina, V. V. Kapustina, and E. N. Pariyskaya. "SUPRESSION OF BIOFILMS OF OPPORTUNISTIC BACTERIA IN URINARY CATHETERS." Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology, no. 3 (June 28, 2017): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2017-3-3-11.

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Aim. Study regularities of development of bacterial biofilms in opportunistic bacteria in urinary catheters, as well as a possibility of their suppression by an officinal preparation of plant origin - Kanefron and nitrofuran class preparation - Furamag. Materials and methods. Escherichia coli Ml7 and Staphylococcus aureus 193 cultures were cultivated as biofilms on an inner surface of Foley latex catheter. Effect of Kanefron and Furamag on the ability of these strain to form biofilms was evaluated, as well as suppression of already developed biofilm of E. coli M17 and S. aureus 193 on urine catheters. Determination of bactericidal effect of preparations during incubation of microorganisms on the surface of urine caterers was carried out by Koch method. Morphologic and i ultrastructure changes in bacterial cells and biofilms were studied by transmission and scanning j electron microscopy. Results. A pronounced bactericidal effect of Kanefron and Furamag on the formed bacterial biofilms was detected. Inhibiting effect on growth and development of biofilms of the strains was noted. Destructive changes in cells and biofilms during the effect of the studied preparations are shown on electron microscopy level. Conclusion. The detected bactericidal effect of officinal preparation of plant origin - Kanefron and nitrofuran class preparation - Furamag on opportunistic bacteria on Foley urine catheters allows not only to suppress biofilm formation process of E. coli M17 и S. aureus 193 compared with classic antiseptic methods, but also effectively destroy already formed biofilms that must prevent development of catheter-associated infections and result in enhancement of recuperation of patients with diseases of the urinary tract.

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Hankenson, F. Claire, Joshua J. Kim, Thien M. Le, Frank R. Lawrence, and Jacquelyn M. Del Valle. "Using Waterless Alcohol-based Antiseptic for Skin Preparation and Active Thermal Support in Laboratory Rats." Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science 60, no. 3 (May 1, 2021): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.30802/aalas-jaalas-20-000128.

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Rodents are frequently used for models that require surgical procedures. At our institution, laboratory rats are increasingly preferred for investigations of neurologic disorders, cardiovascular interventions, and assessment and treatment of addictive and depressive behaviors. For these types of studies, surgical preparations of the head and neck areas are necessary for catheterization and instrumentation. Based upon our former work in laboratory mice, we sought to improve rat surgery outcomes and confirm the efficacy of a waterless alcohol-based (WAB) antiseptic for skin disinfection prior to incision. In addition, we wanted to investigate whether active warming efforts improved perioperative body temperatures for rats to aid in return to consciousness. Prior to cranial surgical incision and placement in stereotactic equipment, rats were assessed after skin preparation with WAB and after thermal interventions, including prewarming cages for 30 min before anesthesia and delivery of warmed fluid (NaCl) supplementation. Core temperatures were recorded and aerobic culture swabs collected from surgical sites at multiple time points. As previously shown in mice, bacterial counts in rats were effectively diminished by WAB agents. Assessment of intraoperative body temperature trajectories did not identify appreciable differences between control rats and rats that were exposed to prewarming or warmed fluid supplementation or both. However, heavier male rats recovered more rapidly from isoflurane anesthesia than did lighter male and female rats. Although these thermal support measures did not significantly improve anesthetic recovery times in rats, animals warmed for 30 min trended toward a faster return to righting reflex after exposure to isoflurane. These findings confirm that WAB antiseptic is an acceptable option for skin preparation in rats and suggest that continued evaluation of thermal interventions remains of interest for improved outcomes in rat surgery.

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Ermenlieva, Neli, Emilia Georgieva, Minko Milev, and Nadya Agova. "COMPARISON OF ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF THREE TYPES OF MOUTHWASH, CONTAINING CHLORHEXIDINE-CHLORBUTANOL, ALCOHOL-ESSENTIAL OILS AND PROPOLIS-MENTHA OIL COMBINATIONS." Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers) 26, no. 4 (October 29, 2020): 3398–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2020264.3398.

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Mouthwash is an antiseptic solution intended to reduce the microbial load in the oral cavity, although other mouthwash might be given for other reasons such as for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory or anti-fungal action. A study was carried out to compare the antibacterial and antifungal properties of three mouthrinse preparations - both containing commercial used antiseptic combinations (chlorhexidine 0,100% + chlorbutanol 0,500% and alcohol 21,60% + essential oils) and one with natural active ingredients (propolis 2,00% + mentha oil 0, 042%). The antibacterial and antifungal activity of three types of mouthwash were tested on three microbial strains - Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans by two alternatives of agar diffusion tests – “cup plate” technique and disc-diffusion test. The results showed the highest antimicrobial activity of the chlorhexidine-chlorbutanol combination. Mouthwash containing propolis with mint oil demonstrated activity only against S. aureus strain. It turned out that testing the antimicrobial activity of mouthwash with alcohol with essential oils with the agar diffusion method is not representative. For 24 hours with this mouthwash, no inhibition zones were observed in none of the strains at any concentration. Our assumption is that alcoholic solutions are exuding and bacteria starts to grow.

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Chioibas, Raul, Florin Borcan, Ovidiu Mederle, Dana Stoian, and Codruta Marinela Soica. "Comparative Characterization of Different Samples Containing Nano-ZnO Particles with Applicability in Topical Therapies." Materiale Plastice 56, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 652–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.19.3.5248.

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an inorganic compound used for its antiseptic and skin healing properties. It is an excellent protective filter against UV radiation and it can be used as white pigment in pharmaceutical preparations. In this study, nano-ZnO particles were obtained by ultrasound treatment, and respectively by repeated freezing/heating process. The influence of synthesis method and of ultrasound generator parameters on the particles size and stability was observed. The results reveal that were obtained samples with a very good stability and sizes between 15 and 96 nm. It was found that synthesis based on ultrasound treatment lead to the formation of nanoparticles with lower sizes.

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Bezruk, Е. L. "BACTERIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VARIOUS METHODS OF ACCIDENTAL WOUND DRAINAGE." Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy, no. 2 (50) (June 8, 2020): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2020-2-156-162.

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The article presents data on the bacteriological control of the effectiveness of various methods of draining fresh accidental wounds with a wide area of damage in different species of animals: semipermeable membranes and tubular perforated drains. Semi-permeable cellulose membranes (experimental group) were inserted into the wound of animals with absolute indications for drainage at the final stage of surgical treatment.These membranes were filled with a hyperosmolar dialysis solution containing antibacterial preparations. The comparison group used the introduction of antiseptics through perforated tubular drains. In order to study the quantitative and qualitative composition of microflora in the wound process, bacteriological studies of swabbings from the wound surface and from the wound canal were performed on 1-3-7-9 days. As the result, it was established that the degree of tissue contamination depends on the duration of surgical debridement ,type and conditions of animals. The study of quantitative composition of micro flora in 1 g of tissues, in farm animals, with accidental wounds was up to 105 . The appliance of wound dialysis gave rapid destruction of associations of 2 and 3 types of microorganisms, in contrast to the control group of animals. The effect of applying membrane dialysis devices, in case of accidental wounds, allows to achieve positive results for 3-4 days. Bacteriological studies confirm the high antibacterial activity of dialysate, which was provided by the introduction of antibiotics and antiseptics into its composition. The introduction of antibiotics and antiseptics into the membrane drainage cavity once a day in the amount of a single therapeutic dose, allows for 7.1±1.3 days (P>0.001) to suppress the microflora in the wound. Higher antiseptic effectiveness of dialysates from semipermeable membranes is connected with their ability to create a constant high concentration of antibacterial substances in the wound focus. The mechanism of therapeutic effect is in a gradual and constant flow of antiseptics into the paravulnar tissues, by diffusion. This improves the conditions for the development of the body’s own phylactic power against infection and raises regenerative processes in the wound.

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Mukhortykh, V. A. "The rational treatment approach to infectious inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory airways in children." Russian Medical Inquiry 5, no. 11 (2021): 755–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-11-755-761.

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Infectious inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory airways are the most common among respiratory disorders. Issues in the management of infectious inflammation in upper airway mucosa are the diversity of infective agents, generation of biofilms, suppression of normal microflora, the lack of accurate and rapid laboratory tests for the analysis of the microbiota of upper airway mucosa, the risk of superinfection and complications after treatment with chemical antiseptics and antibacterial drugs. All these factors underscore the need for a more careful and rational approach to selecting therapy for the upper respiratory airways’ infectious inflammatory diseases, particularly preparations that preserve human microflora (a factor of mucosal immunity) and are characterized by a broad spectrum of activity on various pathogens. In addition, the human organism produces a variety of antimicrobial factors that relieve the burden of colonizing microbes. One of these antimicrobial factors, lysozyme, is a natural antiseptic found in high concentrations in fluids on mucosal surfaces. The results of clinical and laboratory studies have proven the effectiveness of lysozyme-containing drugs, which increases the prospects for their wider application in pediatric practice. KEYWORDS: lysozyme, pyridoxine, bacteria, viruses, respiratory infections, biofilms, tonsillopharyngitis, microbiome. FOR CITATION: Mukhortykh V.A. The rational treatment approach to infectious inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory airways in children. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(11):755–761 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-11-755-761.

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Sashkina, Tatiana Ivanovna, A. I. Abdullayeva, E. P. Mirzekhanova, E. P. Pustovaya, D. K. Faskhutdinov, O. V. Zaichenko, and I. V. Saldusova. "EVALUATION OF THE PENETRATING POWER OF MATERIALS USED FOR TEMPORARY FILLING OF ROOT CANALS (EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)." Russian Journal of Dentistry 23, no. 5 (December 15, 2019): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1728-2802-2019-23-5-197-201.

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In the experimental study, the penetrating power of dental temporary filling materials Cresofen, Eugenol, Cresodent, Calasept was analyzed. The assessment was made by studying the diffusion of colored solutions of drugs. As a dye used jodoin. It was revealed tha t preparations for temporary filling had different penetrating ability. The greatest penetrating power in the tooth tissue from the studied antiseptic solutions has Cresophen, which penetrates to the entire depth of the tooth tissues after 3 days after application, the intermediate value was shown by Eugenol and Cresodent, which penetrated the cervical and apical regions after 7 days, and Calasept had minimal penetrating properties. These data should be taken into account when planning treatment activities.

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Panomsuk, Suwannee, Kunyakorn Keawsri, Chanapa Limsatjapanit, Nutcha Asaneesantiwong, Parichat Chomto, and Malai Satiraphan. "Development of Clove Oil In Situ Gels for Buccal Mucoadhesive." Key Engineering Materials 859 (August 2020): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.859.57.

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Clove oil is the volatile essential oil obtained from Syzygium aromaticum. Eugenol, which is the main component, has antimicrobial, antifungal activity and antioxidant. From antiseptic activity, clove oil can be used in treatment of oral cavity infection. The aims of this research are to formulate and evaluate clove oil mucoadhesive gel for oral applications. Gel bases were prepared from Poloxamer 407 (P407). The effect of clove oil, P407 and xanthan gum on formulations were studied. Clove oil preparations were evaluated for their physicochemical properties (physical appearance, pH, viscosity, gelling capacity and gel dissolving time at 37 °C in artificial saliva). Mucoadhesive property was studied using porcine buccal mucosa. The amount of eugenol in clove oil was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). Stability study of clove oil gel was performed under stress and room temperature conditions (1 month). The results showed that preparations containing 0% and 1% clove oil were in situ gel while those containing 3% and 5% clove oil were gel. All formulations showed good and clear physical appearance with the pH value of 5.2. The gelling capacity and gel dissolving time of more than 15 minutes in artificial saliva at 37°C was found in all preparations. They also showed mucoadhesive property. The GC results showed that the amount of eugenol in clove oil were 99.52 ± 0.51 %V/V. The preparations containing 1% clove oil showed good physical and chemical stability after storage at room temperature for 1 month. There was no significant difference in the amount of eugenol after storage (p>0.05). In conclusion, the preparations containing 20% P407 and 1% clove oil are the most appropriate formulation.

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Alioes, Yustini, and Amalia Kartika. "UJI POTENSI ANTIJAMUR CANDIDA ALBICANS EKSTRAK DAUN GELINGGANG (CASSIA ALATA L.) DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN SEDIAAN DAUN SIRIH YANG BEREDAR DI PASARAN SECARA IN VITRO." Jurnal Kimia Riset 3, no. 2 (March 4, 2019): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jkr.v3i2.12040.

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ABSTRAK Candida albicansmerupakan salah satu contoh mikroorganisme patogenik penyebab infeksi pada bagianlumenorgan tubuh manusia yang berbentuk saluran. Candida albicanspada saluran reproduksi dan saluran urinaria wanita sering dikenal dengan “penyakit keputihan”. Salah satu cara mengatasi munculnya keputihan adalah dengan membersihkan daerah kewanitaan menggunakan larutan antiseptik seperti povidone iodine. Masyarakat pada umumnya juga menggunakan sediaan daun sirih yang telah beredar di pasaran. Sediaan ini juga dikenal sebagai antiseptik sehingga dapat menghambat pertumbuhan C. Albicans,selain daun sirih (Piper bitleL.), ternyata daun gelinggang atau ketepeng cina (Cassia alataL.) juga memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dan antijamur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan menggunakan isolat jamur C.albicans. Proses ekstraksi daun gelinggang dilakukan dengan teknik maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol, alkohol 96%, dietil eter, dan infusa. Ekstrak dan SDS diuji aktivitas antijamurnya dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar menggunakan kertas cakram. Analisis uji ini dilakukan dengan mengukur zona hambatan ekstrak dan sediaan daun sirih terhadap pertumbuhan jamur. Analisis nilai persentase aktivitas zona hambat ekstrak metanol daun C.alata menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan yang signifikan dengan SDS 1 (asymp. Sig.= 0,245) dan dengan SDS 2 (asymp. Sig. = 0,882) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamurC.albicans.Ekstrak metanol daun gelinggang memiliki efektifitas yang hampir sama dengan dua kelompok perlakuan SDS yang beredar di pasaran(SDS 1 dan SDS 2).Kata kunci: Antijamur, Candida albicans, sediaan daun sirih (SDS), ekstrak daun Gelinggang (Cassia alata L.). ABSTRACT Candida albicans is one of pathogenic microorganisms that cause infections in the lumen of the organs of human body in the shape of the channel. Candida albicans in the reproductive tract and women urunaria tract is often known as "diseases of vaginal discharge". One way of overcoming the appearance of vaginal discharge is to clean the area using an antiseptic solution of femininity such as povidone iodine. Society in General also use material of betel leaf that has been circulating in the market. This material is also known as an antiseptic so that it can inhibit the growth of C. albicans. In addition to the betel leaf (Piper bitle l.), turns the leaves gelinggang or Chinese ketepeng (Cassia alata L.) also has antibacterial and antifungal activity. The objective of this study was to compare the test potential antifungal Candida albicans gelinggang leaves (Cassia alata L.) with material of betel leaf that already circulating in the market(SDS).This research is experimental research using fungal isolates of C. albicans. The extraction process of leaf gelinggang done with the technique of maceration using methanol solvent, 96% alcohol, diethyl ether, and infusa. Extract and SDS tested of antifungal activity by using diffusion method using paper discs. The analysis of the test is done by measuring the resistance zone extracts and preparations betel leaf against mold growth. The analysis of the value of the percentage of the activity of the methanol extracts of the leaves of the inhibitory zones c. alata indicates the absence of a significant difference with the SDS 1 (asymp. Sig. = 0.245) and with SDS 2 (asymp. Sig. = 0.882) in inhibiting the growth of c. albicans yeast.The methanol extract of gelinggang leaves treatment has effectiveness similar to the treatment of the two groups of SDS (SDS 1 and SDS 2) that is circulating in the market.Keywords: Antifungal preparations, Candida albicans, Betel leaf (SDS), Gelinggang leaf extract (Cassia alata L.).

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Grove, Gary L., and Chou I. Eyberg. "Comparison of Two Preoperative Skin Antiseptic Preparations and Resultant Surgical Incise Drape Adhesion to Skin in Healthy Volunteers." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 94, no. 13 (July 2012): 1187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.k.00261.

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Raja, Shahzad G., Melissa Rochon, Clair Mullins, Carlos Morais, Antonios Kourliouros, Ellie Wishart, Anthony De Souza, and Sunil Bhudia. "Impact of choice of skin preparation solution in cardiac surgery on rate of surgical site infection: a propensity score matched analysis." Journal of Infection Prevention 19, no. 1 (August 8, 2017): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757177417722045.

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Background: Antiseptic skin preparations containing chlorhexidine gluconate and povidone iodine are routinely used to reduce the risk of surgical site infection (SSI). This study assesses the efficacy of two alcohol-based solutions, 2% chlorhexidine-alcohol and 10% povidone iodine-alcohol, on the incidence of cardiac SSI. Methods: A total of 738 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery had skin preparation with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate in 70% isopropanol (ChloraPrep, BD Ltd, UK) were propensity matched to 738 patients with skin prepared with 10% povidone–iodine in 30% industrial methylated spirit (Videne Alcoholic Tincture, Ecolab Ltd, UK). Continuous, prospective SSI surveillance data were collected for all these patients. A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected perioperative data was performed. Results: The overall rate of SSI was similar in the chlorhexidine–alcohol and povidone–iodine–alcohol groups (3.3% versus 3.8%; P = 0.14; relative risk [RR] = 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.52–1.78). Superficial (1.2% versus 1.8%; P = 0.18; RR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.48–1.80) and deep incisional (1.2% versus 1.6%; P = 0.24) SSI rates were also similar with 10% povidone–iodine–alcohol being marginally more effective against organ-space infections (0.8% versus 0.4%; P = 0.05; RR = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.20–1.01). Conclusion: Our analysis confirms that alcohol-based skin preparation in cardiac surgery with povidone–iodine reduces the incidence of organ-space infections with no significant superiority in preventing incisional SSI compared with chlorhexidine-alcohol.

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