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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Antimalarial combinations"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Antimalarial combinations"

1

Kremsner, Peter Gottfried, and Sanjeev Krishna. "Antimalarial combinations." Lancet 364, no. 9430 (July 2004): 285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16680-4.

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2

Duncan, MR, and HA Capell. "The use of antimalarials in combination with other disease modifying agents in RA – the British experience." Lupus 5, no. 1_suppl (June 1996): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203396005001121.

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Antimalarial drugs are effective disease modifying agents in RA with a low incidence of serious toxic effects. Recently, combinations of second-line agents have been used in RA in attempts to treat patients with no response to a number of single agents, or suboptimal response to a single agent. Combinations of drugs have been selected for maximum efficacy and minimum toxicity, but clinical trials are difficult to design and interpret. In particular, ensuring adequate power to detect small differences in response poses a major problem. Antimalarials are an attractive choice for combination therapy due to their efficacy, mechanisms of action and toxicity profile. In this review, the evidence for the use of antimalarials in combination in RA is examined. No advantage has been shown in combining antimalarials with gold, penicillamine or sulphasalazine compared with monotherapeutic regimens. There is some evidence to suggest a beneficial combination of antimalarials with methotrexate, but this is as yet inconclusive. Open non-randomised uncontrolled studies have shown that antimalarials combined with cytotoxic agents are effective but highly toxic. The authors conclude that there is little good evidence to support the introduction of combination second-line drug therapy for RA into widespread therapeutic use.

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3

White, Nicholas. "Antimalarial drug resistance and combination chemotherapy." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 354, no. 1384 (April 29, 1999): 739–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1999.0426.

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Antimarial drug resistance develops when spontaneously occurring parasite mutants with reduced susceptibility are selected, and are then transmitted. Drugs for which a single point mutation confers a marked reduction in susceptibility are particularly vulnerable. Low clearance and a shallow concentration–effect relationship increase the chance of selection. Use of combinations of antimalarials that do not share the same resistance mechanisms will reduce the chance of selection because the chance of a resistant mutant surviving is the product of the per parasite mutation rates for the individual drugs, multiplied by the number of parasites in an infection that are exposed to the drugs. Artemisinin derivatives are particularly effective combination partners because (i) they are very active antimalarials, producing up to 10 000–fold reductions in parasite biomass per asexual cycle; (ii) they reduce malaria transmissibility; and (iii) no resistance to these drugs has been reported yet. There are good arguments for no longer using antimalarial drugs alone in treatment, and instead always using a combination with artemisinin or one of its derivatives.

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4

Guiguemde, W. Armand, Nicholas H. Hunt, Jintao Guo, Annael Marciano, Richard K. Haynes, Julie Clark, R. Kiplin Guy, and Jacob Golenser. "Treatment of Murine Cerebral Malaria by Artemisone in Combination with Conventional Antimalarial Drugs: Antiplasmodial Effects and Immune Responses." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 58, no. 8 (June 9, 2014): 4745–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01553-13.

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ABSTRACTThe decreasing effectiveness of antimalarial therapy due to drug resistance necessitates constant efforts to develop new drugs. Artemisinin derivatives are the most recent drugs that have been introduced and are considered the first line of treatment, but there are already indications ofPlasmodium falciparumresistance to artemisinins. Consequently, drug combinations are recommended for prevention of the induction of resistance. The research here demonstrates the effects of novel combinations of the new artemisinin derivative, artemisone, a recently described 10-alkylamino artemisinin derivative with improved antimalarial activity and reduced neurotoxicity. We here investigate its ability to killP. falciparumin a high-throughputin vitroassay and to protect mice against lethal cerebral malaria caused byPlasmodium bergheiANKA when used alone or in combination with established antimalarial drugs. Artemisone effects againstP. falciparumin vitrowere synergistic with halofantrine and mefloquine, and additive with 25 other drugs, including chloroquine and doxycycline. The concentrations of artemisone combinations that were toxic against THP-1 cellsin vitrowere much higher than their effective antimalarial concentration. Artemisone, mefloquine, chloroquine, or piperaquine given individually mostly protected mice against cerebral malaria caused byP. bergheiANKA but did not prevent parasite recrudescence. Combinations of artemisone with any of the other three drugs did completely cure most mice of malaria. The combination of artemisone and chloroquine decreased the ratio of proinflammatory (gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor) to anti-inflammatory (interleukin 10 [IL-10], IL-4) cytokines in the plasma ofP. berghei-infected mice. Thus, artemisone in combinations with other antimalarial drugs might have a dual action, both killing parasites and limiting the potentially deleterious host inflammatory response.

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Akompong, Thomas, Saliha Eksi, Kim Williamson, and Kasturi Haldar. "Gametocytocidal Activity and Synergistic Interactions of Riboflavin with Standard Antimalarial Drugs against Growth of Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 44, no. 11 (November 1, 2000): 3107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.44.11.3107-3111.2000.

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ABSTRACT Our previous studies have shown that riboflavin has activity against Plasmodium falciparum asexual-stage parasites in vitro. In the present study we examine the gametocytocidal activity of riboflavin and the interaction of riboflavin with some commonly used antimalarial drugs against the asexual forms of P. falciparum in vitro. The addition of riboflavin to P. falciparum cultures killed gametocytes at all stages, even those at late stages (III to V), which are not affected by many of the commonly used antimalarials. Combinations of riboflavin with mefloquine, pyrimethamine, and quinine showed a marked potentiation of the activities of these drugs against asexual-stage parasites in vitro. The combination of riboflavin with artemisinin was additive, while that with chloroquine was mildly antagonistic. High doses of riboflavin are used clinically to treat several inborn errors of metabolism with no adverse side effects. Its efficacy in combination with standard antimalarial drugs in treating and preventing the transmission ofP. falciparum malaria can therefore be evaluated in humans.

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6

White, N. J. "Preventing antimalarial drug resistance through combinations." Drug Resistance Updates 1, no. 1 (March 1998): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1368-7646(98)80208-2.

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7

Fügi, Matthias A., Sergio Wittlin, Yuxiang Dong, and Jonathan L. Vennerstrom. "Probing the Antimalarial Mechanism of Artemisinin and OZ277 (Arterolane) with Nonperoxidic Isosteres and Nitroxyl Radicals." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 3 (December 22, 2009): 1042–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01305-09.

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ABSTRACT Peroxidic antimalarials such as the semisynthetic artemisinins are critically important in the treatment of drug-resistant malaria. Nevertheless, their peroxide bond-dependent mode of action is still not well understood. Using combination experiments with cultured Plasmodium falciparum cells, we investigated the interactions of the nitroxide radical spin trap, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO), and four of its analogs with artemisinin and the ozonide drug development candidate OZ277. The antagonism observed for combinations of artemisinin or OZ277 with the TEMPO analogs supports the hypothesis that the formation of carbon-centered radicals is critical for the activity of these two antimalarial peroxides. The TEMPO analogs showed a trend toward greater antagonism with artemisinin than they did with OZ277, an observation that can be explained by the greater tendency of artemisinin-derived carbon-centered radicals to undergo internal self-quenching reactions, resulting in a lower proportion of radicals available for subsequent chemical reactions such as the alkylation of heme and parasite proteins. In a further mechanistic experiment, we tested both artemisinin and OZ277 in combination with their nonperoxidic analogs. The latter had no effect on the antimalarial activities of the former. These data indicate that the antimalarial properties of peroxides do not derive from reversible interactions with parasite targets.

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8

Skinner-Adams, T., and T. M. E. Davis. "Synergistic In Vitro Antimalarial Activity of Omeprazole and Quinine." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 43, no. 5 (May 1, 1999): 1304–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.43.5.1304.

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ABSTRACT Previous studies have shown that the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole has antimalarial activity in vitro. The interactions of omeprazole with commonly used antimalarial drugs were assessed in vitro. Omeprazole and quinine combinations were synergistic; however, chloroquine and omeprazole combinations were antagonistic. Artemisinin drugs had additive antimalarial activities with omeprazole.

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9

Co, Edgie-Mark A., Richard A. Dennull, Drew D. Reinbold, Norman C. Waters, and Jacob D. Johnson. "Assessment of Malaria In Vitro Drug Combination Screening and Mixed-Strain Infections Using the Malaria Sybr Green I-Based Fluorescence Assay." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, no. 6 (April 6, 2009): 2557–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01370-08.

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ABSTRACT Several drug development strategies, including optimization of new antimalarial drug combinations, have been used to counter malaria drug resistance. We evaluated the malaria Sybr green I-based fluorescence (MSF) assay for its use in in vitro drug combination sensitivity assays. Drug combinations of previously published synergistic (atovaquone and proguanil), indifferent (chloroquine and azithromycin), and antagonistic (chloroquine and atovaquone) antimalarial drug interactions were tested against Plasmodium falciparum strains D6 and W2 using the MSF assay. Fifty percent inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) were calculated for individual drugs and in fixed ratio combinations relative to their individual IC50s. Subsequent isobologram analysis and fractional inhibitory concentration determinations demonstrated the expected drug interaction pattern for each combination tested. Furthermore, we explored the ability of the MSF assay to examine mixed parasite population dynamics, which are commonly seen in malaria patient isolates. Specifically, the capacity of the MSF assay to discern between single and mixed parasite populations was determined. To simulate mixed infections in vitro, fixed ratios of D6 and W2 strains were cocultured with antimalarial drugs and IC50s were determined using the MSF assay. Dichotomous concentration curves indicated that the sensitive and resistant parasites composing the genetically heterogeneous population were detectable. Biphasic analysis was performed to obtain subpopulation IC50s for comparison to those obtained for the individual malaria strains alone. In conclusion, the MSF assay allows for reliable antimalarial drug combination screening and provides an important method to discern between homogenous and heterogeneous parasite populations.

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10

Morrow, Richard H. "Antimalarial drug combinations in vastly different settings." Lancet 369, no. 9560 (February 2007): 444–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60209-8.

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Дисертації з теми "Antimalarial combinations"

1

Joanny, Fanny [Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Kremsner. "Extending the spectrum of antimalarial treatment : Artemisinin combinations for the treatment of rare Plasmodium species infections and the development of dyes as antimalarials / Fanny Joanny ; Betreuer: Peter G. Kremsner." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1199547360/34.

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2

Joanny, Fanny Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] [Kremsner. "Extending the spectrum of antimalarial treatment : Artemisinin combinations for the treatment of rare Plasmodium species infections and the development of dyes as antimalarials / Fanny Joanny ; Betreuer: Peter G. Kremsner." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1199547360/34.

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3

Obua, Celestino. "Fixed-dose chloroquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine treatment of malaria : outcome and pharmacokinetic aspects /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-144-9/.

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4

Laing, Lizahn. "The characterization of pharmacokinetic properties and evaluation of in vitro drug combination efficacies of novel antimalarial compounds." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32717.

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Relief of the global malaria burden relies on the management and application of effective therapies. Unfortunately, the continuous development of resistance to therapies by the deadliest parasite strain, Plasmodium falciparum, has made the treatment and control of malaria much more difficult. Derivatives of the Chinese peroxidic antimalarial drug artemisinin primarily used in first-line combination therapy for treatment of P. falciparum malaria have proved to be highly effective. However, their use also is now compromised by the development of resistance by the parasite to the artemisinin derivative in the drug combination. This event emphasizes the need for ongoing development of new and effective drug combinations. This research aimed to identify efficacious combinations selected from a group of compounds known to induce oxidative stress by redox cycling combined with an artemisinin, which as an oxidant drug also induces oxidative stress but is unable to undergo redox cycling. Combination of the artemisinin with a redox-active compound is expected to both enhance and maintain oxidative stress within the parasite's proliferative environment. These combinations should be used together with a third drug with a completely different mode of action, such as a quinolone. Selected amino artemisinins and redox active phenothiazines, phenoxazines, thiosemicarbazones, and quinolone derivatives were screened for antimalarial activity and mammalian toxicity. These were found to be potently active (11 μM) to Chinese Hamster ovarian (CHO) cells. The compounds are thus highly selective for P. falciparum, as revealed by the selectivity indices (SI) of >270. The in vitro absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) properties of the compounds were also determined through the application of specific assays. In vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) profiling was also carried out by intravenous and oral administration of the individual compounds to healthy C57BL/6 mice. Biological samples were analysed via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) bioanalytical methods, which were validated according to the fit-for purpose recommendations by the FDA. Evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo profiles thereby facilitated the identification of suitable combination candidates. The phenoxazine and phenothiazine derivatives were identified as the best potential redox partners and were each investigated in combination with the amino-artemisinin artemisone through fixed ratio isobole analysis. A substantial synergistic interaction was observed. Overall, the investigation enabled the identification of drug combinations that are potently active in vitro. This synergistic interaction strongly supports the redox cycling rationale for identifying new antimalarial therapies and further suggests that such combinations in chemotherapy may delay the onset of resistance to the new agents. The results strongly encourage further investigation of the in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationships of these combinations in the humanized murine model of P. falciparum

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5

Gupta, Seema. "Experimental pharmacodynamic and kinetic studies related to new combination therapies against falciparum malaria /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-066-4/.

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6

Yeung, Shunmay. "Antimalarial drug resistence and artemisinin based combination therapy : a bio-economic model for elucidating policy choices." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2006. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682350/.

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Antimalarial drug resistance is a major cause of the increasing burden due to P. falciparum malaria. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are now recognised to be the ideal choice for the first-line treatment of uncomplicated malaria, in order to achieve two beneficial outcomes: improvement of treatment efficacy and delay in the development of drug resistance. However uncertainties remain about the current and future benefits, risks and costs of ACTs and in particular how these outcomes are affected by differences in malaria epidemiology, health care settings, human behaviour and implementation strategies. This thesis seeks to address these uncertainties by creating a comprehensive, dynamic, bio- economic model of malaria transmission and the spread of drug resistance, which incorporates vector factors, human immunity, human behaviour, drug characteristics and costs. Central to the model is a biological model, developed in collaboration with a mathematician, which outputs the proportion of drug resistant infections and the incidence of new and recrudescent infections. Parasite biomass is also tracked in order for human "infectiousness" to be measured and fed-back into the model. Sub-models are used to calculate severe malaria, deaths, costs and cost-effectiveness. Data were obtained to develop and populate the model. This included a community drug usage survey in Cambodia, which was undertaken in order to document the adherence and coverage rates to ACT following the implementation of locally blister-packaged ACT. Coverage was found to be extremely low, and the use of artemisinin derivatives on their own was widespread. However, both of these outcomes were improved by interventions to increase coverage, particularly village malaria volunteers. Application of the model in a low transmission setting suggests that with a 10-year time-frame, switching from monotherapy to an ACT is very cost-effective and results in overall cost savings in a range of scenarios. High coverage rates with an ACT are required to delay the spread of drug resistance if resistance has already arisen to one of the partner drugs. Running the model with data from Cambodia suggests that even in settings with low coverage, the change will be cost-effective and significant benefits are gained from the implementation of the specific delivery interventions. Strategies for optimising the implementation of ACTs are discussed in light of the findings.

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Ursing, Johan. "Plasmodium Falciparum response to chloroquine and artemisinin based combination therapy (Act) in Guinea Bissau." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2009. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2009/978-91-7409-695-8/.

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8

Okell, Lucy C. "Modelling the impact of artemisinin combination therapies (ACT) and alternative antimalarials on transmission intensity of Plasmodium falciparum malaria." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536879.

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9

Awad, Abdelmoneim Ismail. "The efficacy and safety of artesunate suppositories in combination with other antimalarials in the treatment of severe malaria in Sudan." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342746.

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10

Nguyen, Tran Dang. "The effects of different deployment strategies of artemisinin combination therapies on slowing down the spread of antimalarial drug resistance : investigation with individual-based simulations." Thesis, Open University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.700132.

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Despite the success of recent global malaria control efforts, which. have halved global malaria mortality since 2000, malaria is still one of the world's most deadly diseases causing an estimated half a million deaths, mostly among African children, and around a quarter of billion clinical episodes every year as reported in 2014 1. Drug resistance is one of the most important challenges to malaria elimination. To contain drug resistance, many efforts have been put forth including improvement of surveillance systems and mass treatment in order. to stop or slow down the transmission of the resistant strain. To find out whether a population-level treatment strategy can have any benefit in containing drug resistance, mathematical models are an appropriate approach to this problem and individual-based models allow us to have a better understanding of the effect of individual heterogeneities on the outcome. The first part of the thesis is about building and validating an individual based microsimulation. The model is implemented as an individual-based discrete-time event simulation model in C++. The behaviors and the state changes of human individuals are determined by relevant events and mathematical formulas. This integrated model combines components that reproduce the most important features of malaria transmission and epidemiology: the infectiousness of human populations; clinical model of acute illness; heterogeneities in individuals' age, biting-rate level, drug absorption, drug action, multiple parasite populations, and human immunity. To validate this individual-based model, two types of validation have been done. The model's parameters were obtained from field or clinical data were used directly in the model. For those parameters that cannot be obtained directly from literature review, sensitivity analysis has been done to find how variation in parameter values affects certain key features of malaria epidemiology .

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Книги з теми "Antimalarial combinations"

1

Depoortere, Evelyn. Compliance to the combination of sulfadozine-pyrimethamine, and artesunate: Maheba Refugee Settlement, Zambia : final report. Lusaka?]: Epicentre, 2002.

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2

Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative. The successful development of a fixed dose combination of artesunate plus amodiaquine antimalarial: Pioneering ways of working through innovative partnerships 2002-2015. [Geneva]: DNDi, 2015.

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3

World Health Organization (WHO). Guidelines for the treatment of malaria. 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2010.

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4

Li, Qigui, and Mark R. Hickman, eds. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antimalarial Drugs Used in Combination Therapy. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/97816810805431150101.

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5

Rahman, Anisur. Conventional treatments in systemic lupus erythematosus. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198739180.003.0006.

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A new diagnosis of SLE can be frightening for patients, and the importance of education and reassurance must be remembered—clinical nurse specialists can play a key role in this. Equally, lifestyle advice regarding sun-protection and smoking cessation should not be neglected. Many patients have a mild disease characterized by ongoing symptoms such as rash, hair loss, and joint or chest pain. Symptomatic treatment, topical corticosteroids, antimalarials, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are generally sufficient to manage these cases, but acute symptomatic flares may require short-term oral or intramuscular corticosteroids. Lupus nephritis should be managed with a combination of corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. Oral mycophenolate, or the low-dose Euro-Lupus intravenous cyclophosphamide regimen, are used to induce remission. Low-dose corticosteroid plus azathioprine or mycophenolate is used to maintain remission. Corticosteroids are highly effective but have diverse side effects and should be used in the lowest dose compatible with maintaining control of disease activity.

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Частини книг з теми "Antimalarial combinations"

1

Cheah, Phaik Yeong, Michael Parker, and Nicholas P. J. Day. "Ethics and Antimalarial Drug Resistance." In Ethics and Drug Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health, 55–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27874-8_4.

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Abstract There has been impressive progress in malaria control and treatment over the past two decades. One of the most important factors in the decline of malaria-related mortality has been the development and deployment of highly effective treatment in the form of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). However, recent reports suggest that these gains stand the risk of being reversed due to the emergence of ACT resistance in the Greater Mekong Subregion and the threat of this resistance spreading to Africa, where the majority of the world’s malaria cases occur, with catastrophic consequences. This chapter provides an overview of strategies proposed by malaria experts to tackle artemisinin-resistant malaria, and some of the most important practical ethical issues presented by each of these interventions. The proposed strategies include mass antimalarial drug administrations in selected populations, and mandatory screening of possibly infected individuals prior to entering an area free of artemisinin-resistant malaria. We discuss ethical issues such as tensions between the wishes of individuals versus the broader goal of malaria elimination, and the risks of harm to interventional populations, and conclude by proposing a set of recommendations.

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2

Kiang, Tony K. L., Kyle John Wilby, and Mary H. H. Ensom. "Pharmacodynamic Interactions: Clinical Evidence for Combination Therapy, In Vitro Interactions, and In Vivo Interactions." In Clinical Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Drug Interactions Associated with Antimalarials, 119–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10527-7_7.

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3

Mohapatra, Biranchi, and CBK Mohanty. "Antimalarial Combinations — Current Clinical Practices." In Medicine Update (Volume 17, 2007), 649. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12086_110.

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4

"Clinical Significance of Antimalarial Combinations." In Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antimalarial Drugs Used in Combination Therapy, edited by Qigui Li and Mark R. Hickman, 63–94. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9781681080543115010007.

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"Population PK/PD of Antimalarial Combinations." In Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antimalarial Drugs Used in Combination Therapy, edited by Qigui Li and Mark R. Hickman, 341–94. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9781681080543115010012.

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"PK/PD Modeling of Antimalarial Drug Combinations." In Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antimalarial Drugs Used in Combination Therapy, edited by Qigui Li and Mark R. Hickman, 267–339. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9781681080543115010011.

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"PK/PD Evaluations of Antimalarial Drugs and Their Combinations." In Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antimalarial Drugs Used in Combination Therapy, edited by Qigui Li and Mark R. Hickman, 149–218. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9781681080543115010009.

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8

Li, Qigui, and Mark Hickman. "The Impact of Pharmacokinetic Mismatched Antimalarial Drug Combinations on the Emergence and Spread of Drug Resistant Parasites." In Basic Pharmacokinetic Concepts and Some Clinical Applications. InTech, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/59506.

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Goel, Richa. "Current Antimalarial Treatments: Focus on Artemisia annua Dry Leaf." In Malaria - Recent Advances, and New Perspectives [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106736.

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Since a lot of drugs that were used for the treatment of malaria has shown resistance to the Plasmodium species. Even the ACT (Artemisia combination therapy) is not effective in certain cases. There is a need to look for some alternatives, which are effective in the clinical treatment of malaria and affordable for the general population. A therapy called Artemisia annua dry leaf antimalarial therapy (ALT) has been shown to be effective against artemisinin-resistant malarial infections and its treatment is resilient to resistance development in animal model systems. This proves to be an effective alternative to presently available antimalarials. This review defines the characteristics of different species of malaria-causing parasites, their vectors, endemicity, and features of the disease development, followed by properties of currently used (approved) antimalarials. The choices and methodologies of administration of antimalarials to adult, child, pregnant, and lactating women patients with acute and complicated malaria are described, followed by strategies to combat drug-resistant malaria, especially artemisinin resistance. A special emphasis on the origin, empirical basis, evidence on clinical efficacy, and cost aspects of ALT is given, along with the focus on the possibilities of repurposing ALT as a treatment for a variety of autoimmune, metabolic, and cancerous diseases.

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"Artemisinin–Naphthoquine Phosphate Combination (ARCO)." In Artemisinin-Based and Other Antimalarials, 483–569. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-813133-6.00008-1.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Antimalarial combinations"

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Sari, Dewi Indra, and Mardiati Nadjib. "The Role of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine in Prophylaxis of Covid-19: A Literature Review." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.33.

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ABSTRACT Background: A pandemic potential Covid-19 spread rapidly worldwide. Ministry of Health, Republic Indonesia recommended one of the Covid-19 treatments with combination of hydroxychloroquine/ chloroquine and azithromycin. However, the effectiveness and safety of antimalaria regime remain debating topic. This study aimed to investigate the role of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in prophylaxis of Covid-19. Subjects and Method: A systematic review was conducted by searching from PubMed, SpringerLink, and Cochrane Library databases. The keywords were “prophylaxis”, “chloroquine” OR “hydroxychloroquine” “SARS-CoV-2” OR “Covid-19”. The inclusion criteria were phase IIb clinical trials, double masking, comparative observational studies, open access articles published until August 2020. The exclusion criteria were inaccessible and duplicate articles. The quality of selected articles was critically appraised. The data were reported by PRISMA flow chart. Results: Three articles out of 117 articles met the criteria inclusion. The findings showed that hydroxychloroquine could not prevent Covid-19 compatible disease or confirmed infections when used as post-exposure prophylaxis. High dose chloroquine was not recommended for critically ill COVID-19 patients because of its potential side effects, especially when administered with azithromycin and oseltamivir. Covid-19 patients with the need for oxygenation were not suggested to use hydroxychloroquine. Conclusion: There is scarce evidence to support prophylaxis and treatment effects of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 patients. Further research on the safety and use of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine is required in the management of Covid-19. Keywords: prophylaxis, Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine, SARS-CoV-2, Covid-19 Correspondence: Dewi Indra Sari. Masters Program in Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java. Email: dindrasang@yahoo.com. Mobile: +628121983-6600. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.33

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