Дисертації з теми "Anthropologie – Rhône (cours d'eau)"
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Chabenat, Gérard. "Parcours d'un fleuve : le Rhône la mémoire a l'épreuve de l'aménagement, ou comment se construit une culture fluviale." Lyon 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO20005.
Повний текст джерелаThe Rhône : a means to consider the world today. Local populations make us understand their own space, which creates a territory, legitimate boundaries which are those of local culture and which represent, now and again "another outline" compared to those officially recognised. They make us understand the passing of time, symbolised by the flowing river, telling their "native" stories. Social and cultural identities find their meaning in a historical inscription. Despite historical differences, from one bank to the other there can be a creation of solidarity, either through an exterior danger or a crisis (floods, the creation of a nature reserve). Such solidarity is not without certains tensions ; we do not become "brothers" with impunity, as here we have a same desir : to identify ourselves within the same boundary. How to create a territory, or rather how to become part of it, even when the boundaries are altered by man. This question is traversed by the idea of modernity. With our changing world, the economical, social, and cultural functions of the river, are not longer the same. The era of national or even international projets have taken the place of the "micro economy". Whole areas are arranged so as to be highly lucrative, or to enable leisure, sometimes they become landscapes for the largest number of people possible. In fact these spaces are everything except a territory
Creuzé, des Châtelliers Michel. "Dynamique de répartition des biocénoses interstitielles du Rhône en relation avec des caractéristiques géomorphologiques (secteurs de Brégnier-Cordon, Miribel-Jonage et Donzère-Mondragon)." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10033.
Повний текст джерелаElger, Arnaud. "Herbivorie et stratégies adaptatives des végétaux : étude expérimentale de la palatabilité des macrophytes aquatiques des zones humides fluviales." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10144.
Повний текст джерелаBerly, Alain. "Distribution spatio-temporelle des peuplements macrobenthiques prélevés par dragage dans une station du haut-Rhône." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10158.
Повний текст джерелаFruget, Jean-François. "L'aménagement du bas-Rhône : évolution du fleuve et influence sur les peuplements de macroinvertébrés benthiques." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10206.
Повний текст джерелаColonna-Cesari-Florent, Laurence. "La problématique du risque environnemental radiologique et chimique : approche expérimentale en basse vallée rhodanienne." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON13505.
Повний текст джерелаLamouroux, Nicolas. "Hydraulique statistique et prédiction de caractéristiques du peuplement piscicole : modèles pour l'écosystème fluvial." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10198.
Повний текст джерелаAllouche, Stéphanie. "Stratégies d'utilisation de l'habitat par les poissons d'eau courante : rôle du couvert : étude par radiopistage & en rivière expérimentale." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10103.
Повний текст джерелаCellot, Bernard. "Dérive et flux du matériel organique, notamment des macroinvertébrés, dans une grande rivière européenne." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10002.
Повний текст джерелаPouilly, Marc. "Relations entre l'habitat physique et les poissons des zones à cyprinidés rhéophiles dans trois cours d'eau du bassin rhodanien : vers une simulation de la capacité d'accueil pour les peuplements." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10147.
Повний текст джерелаVéran, Marie-Pierre. "Etude des transferts de l'241 Am en eau douce : application à l'écosystème rhodanien." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11083.
Повний текст джерелаCopp, Gordon Howard. "Le rôle et le fonctionnement des milieux aquatiques du haut-Rhône français commes sites de reproduction et de nurserie pour les poissons du fleuve." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO10118.
Повний текст джерелаLabonne, Jacques. "Contribution à la conservation de l'apron du Rhône (Zingel asper) : dynamique des populations, sélection de l'habitat et modélisation." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10044.
Повний текст джерелаPages, Jean-Christophe. "Modélisation, analyse et régulation des aménagements du Rhône par commande prédictive : gestion locale et centralisée du passage des crues." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10057.
Повний текст джерелаRaccasi, Guillaume. "Mutations géomorphologiques récentes du Rhône aval : recherches en vue de la restauation hydraulique et de la gestion des crues." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00321723.
Повний текст джерелаAntonelli, Christelle. "Flux sédimentaires et morphogénèse récente dans le chenal du Rhône aval." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10058.
Повний текст джерелаCogerino, Laurent. "Les rives aquatiques de grands cours d'eau : caractérisation mésologique et faunistique." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10136.
Повний текст джерелаOlivier, Jean-Michel. "Rythmes de dérive des alevins en milieu fluvial : suivi dans le Rhône au niveau des prises d'eau et influence des vidanges de barrages." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10220.
Повний текст джерелаCottet-Dumoulin, Laurence. "Le renouveau des rapports ville / fleuve, projet postmoderne ou nouveau fonctionnalisme ? : le cas du Rhône et de la Saône dans l'agglomération lyonnaise." Saint-Etienne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STET2083.
Повний текст джерелаDuring the 1980s, in France and in the developed countries, a new concern emerged about a new designation of rivers as urban and natural inheritance. The thesis inquires about these new ways of development of the rivers, presented through many projects of sustainability and totally opposed to the former patterns of development characterized by functionalism. The Lyon area, precursor on the matter, was chosen for the study. This study is organized into three parts. First, it gives an historical perspective of the river deskilling process in the Lyon area and shows the reference patterns. Then, it deals with the local process of reappropriation of the rivers. It is focused over the recent years, from 1978 to 2001, during which a river community policy was settled. It highlights three patterns of river development connected to the ideas of sustainability and to the construction of an urban strategy of internationalization of the city. A last part is devoted to a critical analysis about the breach of the river development pattern by interviewing the local associations and by analyzing what has been done to make the rivers territorial again
Touzani, Abdelali. "L'édification prodeltai͏̈que du Rhône : marqueurs de l'évolution séculaire de la sédimentation." Perpignan, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PERP0311.
Повний текст джерелаJacquet-Labrot, Christine. "Evolution des anciens chenaux du Rhône et de l'Ain : écologie rétrospective basée sur les restes de cladocères." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO10091.
Повний текст джерелаRoucaute, Emeline. "Une histoire des zones palustres en milieu méditerranéen entre bas Rhône et basse Durance (XIVe siècle-début XIXe siècle)." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10117.
Повний текст джерелаBerrahou, Ali. "Répartition longitudinale des macroinvertébrés benthiques du Rhône français et sa relation avec les principaux affluents." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10178.
Повний текст джерелаJegou, Isabelle. "Étude de la transition chenal-levées-lobe dans les systèmes turbiditiques récents : application à l'éventail turbiditique de l'Amazone et au Néofan du Petit-Rhône." Brest, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BRES2048.
Повний текст джерелаThe channel-lobe transition zone has been studied in three turbiditic systems located in distinct regional settings: an intra-slope system in the Niger delta slope (offshore Nigeria), the Amazon channel-mouth lobe complex at the termination of the last eight channel-levee systems and the Neochannel termination, the last active channel of the Petit-Rhone turbidite system. - In the three cases, the internaI geometry and stacking pattern of the deposits show a significant control of the configuration (size and shape) of the receiving basins, their morphology (gradients and subtle gradient changes), and their degree of confinement. - The Amazon and Petit-Rhone systems, with lobes built after the Last Glacial Maximum and the ensuing sea-level rise, evidence the major impact of external forcings (climatic events and eustatic variations) that induce variations in sediment fluxes delivered to the deep basin and therefore exert a control on channel-mouth lobes construction. The channel-mouth lobes of the Amazon and Petit-Rhone systems, even if they are located at great distances from the river mouths, at the termination of the turbidite systems and in areas characterised by subtle morphological variations, are both constrained by combined internai (accommodation and compensation) and external factors (post-glacial deconnection between the fluvial system and the deep basin)
Balocco-Castella, Chantal. "Les macrophytes aquatiques des milieux abandonnés par le Haut-Rhône et l'Ain : diagnostic phyto-écologique sur l'évolution et le fonctionnement de ces écosystèmes." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10162.
Повний текст джерелаGérardot, Claire. "Fleuves et action urbaine : de l’objet à l’argument géographique : le Rhône et la Saône à Lyon, retour sur près de trente ans de « reconquête » des fronts d’eau urbains." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/gerardot_c.
Повний текст джерелаCurrent evolutions affecting many urban river and waterfronts are a key aspect of contemporary urban planning, which has been pointed out by many scholars as by the emergence of a specific vocabulary (“redevelopment”, “rediscovery”, “reconquest”, “reconciliation”) that distinguishes it from basic regeneration of urban wastelands. As a form of contemporary urban action, this redefinition of the relationship between town and river offers a new way to analyze modern urbanizing process. How to interpret this desire to recover the urban river? How does this new concern emerge on the local political scene? Under the influence of what actors? Of what purposes? To what extent is it linked with a broader intent for the city? To what extent reveals it contemporary mechanisms manufacturing in the city ? In that perspective, the French town of Lyon is a highly relevant study case. With two rivers (the Rhone and the Saone), one confluence and four riverfronts, with a reclaiming of riverfronts which is already a three decades story, the example Lyon indeed allows to feed the debate about the rehabilitation of such strategic urban areas. Thus this work analyzes the restoration of Lyon’s riverfronts looking through architecture and urbanism, functions and mentalities, rating it, in particular, as a “break” or “renewal”. We but don’t want here to propose a new monograph illustrating, through a thorough review of their slow transformation over the last 30 years, an already well documented and analysed process. We want to go further, in order to understand the meaning of this redevelopment and what it implies in terms of urban planning. From that point of view, the interest of the case of Lyon is to authorize a genealogical and critical reading of the emergence of Rhone and Saone at the heart of urban concerns. Above a strictly political analysis of this process of riverfront redevelopment in Lyon, we will seek first to understand how a geographical object (the relationship between town and river) has become a political problem supporting an urban action program, for what purposes and with what goals set for all the urban territory. In doing so, we will see how this geographical object has become a rhetorical argument which is mobilized in the service of action on the city
Gaschignard-Fossati, Odile. "Répartition spatiale des macroinvertébrés benthiques d'un bras vif du Rhône : rôle des crues et dynamique saisonnière." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO19029.
Повний текст джерелаCossin, Mélanie. "Caractérisation paysagère de quelques cours d'eau de taille moyenne des bassins du Rhône et de la Loire : éléments méthodologiques pour une gestion durable des corridors fluviaux." Lyon 3, 2008. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2008_out_cossin_m.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRivers are the last "naturals” ecosystems in anthropic countries and are in the same time, very appreciated for their natural caracteristics. In France, the water laws of 1992 and 2006 state a global river management, between uses and protection of natural environment. In the same time, landscape is increasingly considered in management and traduced in a specific law in 1993 and in the European Landcsape Convention in 2000. Landcape studies are requested increasingly by managers and planners although they appears infrequently in global studies of rivers. In this research, we propose a methodological approach to landscape diagnosis of fluvial hydrosystems. It is based on a quantified analysis capable of being approved by all the actors concerned and of being reproduced. The aim is to realise a landscape diagnosis to propose solutions of landscape management inclusing uses and actors opinions
Camousseight, Ariel. "Le cycle de vie de Baetis pentaphlebodes et Baetis atrebatinus dans deux anciens méandres du Rhône près de Lyon (Ephemeroptera : Baetidae)." Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO11685.
Повний текст джерелаLandon, Norbert. "L'évolution contemporaine du profil en long des affluents du Rhône moyen : constat régional et analyse d'un hydrosystème complexe : la Drôme." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040295.
Повний текст джерелаBarreau, Christine. "Etude de la matiere organique associee aux suspensions fluviales : application a des fleuves de climats tempere et intertropical." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066031.
Повний текст джерелаPoinsart, Danièle. "Effets des aménagements fluviaux sur les débits liquides et solides : l'exemple du Rhône dans les plaines de Miribel-Jonage et de Donzère-Mondragon." Lyon 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO31003.
Повний текст джерелаThe regulation works of the rhone has began during the last century. The first method consisted by the longitudinal embankments. The second method used of transversal dykes due to the civil engineer girardon. The results have been remarkable. S nevertheless, with the 20th century, the requirements of the navigation are became most importants and the fluvial management is considered according to the hydroelectric production. The diversion of a part of running water modify the hydrology and the transit of bed-load. The mobility of gravels is highly variable according to the functionning of the dams and the ancient inheritages, but rhe geological frame plays also a role on the stability and the instability of the sites. Since the second part of the 20th century, the extraction of gravels have modified the adjustement of fluvial parameters. Today, the management of the fluvial space is too frequently funded on the old view of the sedimentary load of the rhone, when this river, as the other european streams, shown a high reduction of this gravel load
Michalková, Monika. "Human influences on floodplain lake sedimentation." Lyon 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO31027.
Повний текст джерелаLateral Erosion of the Sacramento River, California: Human influences and consequences for floodplain lake habitats This study is based on a spatial and temporal analysis of the active channel and associated flood plain lakes using aerial photographs spanning five decades (1942, 1962, 1985, 1999) over the entire 140 km long reach. Planimetric changes were analysed longitudinally (synchronic analysis) and temporally (diachronic) to highlight the spatial structures and their evolution through time. Revitalisation of Ht. Rhône and First Feedbacks on Revitalised Floodplain Lakes Sedimentation along the Rhône River The revitalisation work on Rhône River has been done on three different localities: Chautagne, Belley and Brégnier-Cordon. The morphologic form as a result of processes become consequently the control factor. Three steps were considered: i) to define the number connexions by year (the frequency of overbank connexion) ; ii) the measurement 1 of the sedimentation rates iii) the statistical analysis of the relationships and inter-lake analysis (the characterise of connexion frequency and to define the life expectancy of floodplain lakes). The diffèrent groups were defined by nPCA analysis. Morphodynamics of the Exit of a Cut-off Meander: Experimental Findings from Field and Labora tory Studies The morphological evolution of the entrances and exits of abandoned river channels govems their hydrological connectivity. The study focusses on flow and sediment dynamics in the exit of a cut-off meander where the downstream entrance Îs still connected to the main channel, but the upstream entrance is closed. Two similar field and laboratory cases were investigated using innovative velocimetry techniques (acoustic Doppler profiling, image analysis). Laboratory experiments were conducted with a mobile-bed physical model of the Morava river (Slovakia). Field measurements were performed in the exit of the Port-Galland cut-offmeander, Ain river (France)
Barthélémy, Carole. "Des rapports sociaux à la frontière des savoirs : les pratiques populaires de pêche amateur au défi de la gestion environnementale du Rhône." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10058.
Повний текст джерелаBardin, Olivier. "Dynamique des peuplements piscicoles colonisant les milieux esturiens et lagunaires du delta du Rhône. Etude de deux cas : le domaine de la Palissade et le pertuis de la fourcade." Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX30021.
Повний текст джерелаMigration is the main factor controlling the specific richness of fishes in estuaries and lagoons. This study has been focused on two sites in the Camargue (Rhone delta, France) : the "domaine de la Palissade", located in the estuarine zone of the Rhone River, and the "Pertuis de la Fourcade", a man-made and managed channel in the "Digue a la Mer". To begin with hydraulic functioning has been studied first. Furthermore, the different factors controlling fish migration between different habitats have been studied. These factors come into play : firstly on a seasonal scale, with the biological rhythms of different species and seasonal physical factors, and secondly on a more local scale. In this latter case, the factors are either limiting or favoring the displacements of fish. Finally, through the example of "La Fourcade", the problematic of water and salt management in the Camargue has been treated, from an interdisciplinary point of view between History, Sociology and Biology
Piégay, Hervé. "Dynamiques et gestion de la ripisylve de cinq cours d'eau à charge grossière du bassin du Rhône (l'Ain, l'Ardèche, le Giffre, l'Ouvèze et l'Ubaye), XIXème-XXème siècles." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040024.
Повний текст джерелаPastor, Lucie. "Etude de l'impact des apports du Rhône sur la biogéochimie des sédiments du prodelta." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077069.
Повний текст джерелаTThe main purpose of this work was to study the biogeochemical processes in sediments from the Rhône prodelta area (France), and to assess which parameters are likely to control the carbon mineralization within this highly dynamic System. Microelectrodes were used to measure high-resolution sediment profiles of oxygen and calculate the corresponding diffusive fluxes through the water/sediment interface. In parallel, sediment cores incubations were assessed to directly measure the benthic fluxes of oxygen and nutrients. Core slicing under nitrogen atmosphere allowed for the determination of several dissolved species (Fe²+, Mn²+, H^S, NOs⁻, NH₄⁺, PO₄³⁻, DOC, DIC, SO4²⁻) together with solid phase characteristics (porosity, Mn, Fe, P, Corg et Cinorg, N). These measurements were combined with a numerical diagenetic model to quantify the mineralization processes together with fluxes of degraded organic carbon and its burial. Results show that respiration processes are largely influenced by the Rhône River particulate inputs. This influence in terms of particulate export is restricted to the prodelta area. The organic matter from the Rhône River is composed of fresh terrestrial material as indicated by high first-order degradation constants (22-29 yr⁻¹). The high sedimentation rates are mainly responsible for the massive burial of carbon, together with an intense anaerobic degradation (e. G. Sulfate reduction). Precipitation of diagenetic products was evidenced (>98%) as well as secondary and transitory reactions like the anaerobic nitrification after the deposition of an organic-rich layer. The pulsed inputs of the Rhône River have some compositional differences that may lead to changes in mineralization rates. A flood of the Rhône River occurred in June 2008 and delivered a significant amount of new particulate matter (5. 4 106 tC in 10 days leading to a ~30 cm flood deposit in the prodelta). An immediate response of the prodeltaic System was observed, with (1) the rapid migration of the redox front (in a few hours), (2) a drop in oxygen consumption (20-30%), (3) the reduction of authigenic iron oxides at the old sediment/water interface and (4) a massive production of dissolved manganese within the flood deposit
Rolland, Benoît. "Transfert des radionucléides par voie fluviale : conséquences sur les stocks sédimentaires rhodaniens et les exports vers la Méditerranée." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX30006.
Повний текст джерелаThis study deals with the behaviour of trace contaminants originating from chronic liquid releases within fluvial aquatic systems. It focuses on some artificial radionuclides that were mainly released by the Marcoule nuclear fuel reprocessing plant during several years prior the end of the nineties and that are still detected in the lower Rhône River. The role of the transport dynamic during flood events on the removal of sedimentary stocks and on the radionuclides fluxes to the Mediterranean Sea is particularly considered. The contribution of such sedimentary stocks acting as a delayed source term to radionuclides fluxes as well as the residence time of these stocks are estimated. The location typologies of sediment storages in fluvial systems are also specified
Chergui, Hassan. "Flux et processus de dégradation des apports allochtones particulaires dans un système fluvial : importance relative de l'écotone rives." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10093.
Повний текст джерелаLopez, Charles. "Le transport fluvio-maritime, quelle pertinence socio-économique pour le bassin Rhône-Saône ?" Lyon 2, 2008. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2008/lopez_c.
Повний текст джерелаSea-river shipping is a form of short-sea transport and an interesting multi-modal transport. Its concept is simple: one vessel sails both coastal and inland waters. Sea-river ships can connect the hinterland with overseas destinations without the need for an intermediate transhipment. As a result, transport costs are lowered and the risk of damage due to handling is reduced. Nevertheless, sea-river shipping has not been significantly developed in Europe (Rissoan, 1994, 1995). Substantial traffic volumes are only found on a very limited number of routes (e. G. Rhine; some Russian waterways). In France, it is restricted to a very limited number of waterways, such as the Seine or the Rhône-Saône basin. On the Rhône-Saône corridor, sea-river shipping can directly connect inland ports with Mediterranean seaports. Then, it offers “Rhône valley-Mediterranean” logistics. Rissoan (1987) tries, for different products, to define the competitive navigational area of sea-river shipping (including river and maritime trips). Konings and Ludema (2000) evaluate the opportunities for sea-river shipping on the United Kingdom – Germany corridor (Rhine). They examine its competitiveness with regard to a number of alternative transport modes. Nonetheless, there is no study which calculates the volume that divides the transport market between sea-river shipping and a “river + sea” alternative. A reasonable question arises: at which threshold, in terms of tonnage, are sea-river vessels more efficient than barge+shortsea transport service? Comparing the returns to scale of each transport chain, we define this tipping point. The costs production function is taken from Cullinane – Khanna (2000) and Stopford (2002). After addressing this question, we determine, for different ports of the Rhône-Saône corridor, the maximum sea trip that is efficient for a sea-river vessel (as a function of tonnage). After Rissoan (1987), we define the competitive navigational area of sea-river shipping. Our specific contribution is to consider the nautical access offered by inland ports along the Rhône and the Saône
Boudet, Laurie. "Modélisation du transport sédimentaire lié aux crues et aux tempêtes à l'embouchure du Rhône." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0058.
Повний текст джерелаThe coastline of the Rhône delta (Mediterranean Sea, south of France) is in degradation since several decades. A numerical high-resolution hydrosedimentary modelling (Delft3D) was applied for the first time to this area, in order to understand the processes that control the poor redistribution of sediments. A particular attention was paid to storm and flood events that are the main morphological forcings. Different wave and river flow conditions have been tested, showing the coupled hazard induces a morphosedimentary equilibrium which controls the dynamic of the mouth-bar, sediment inputs from a flood to the sea and the processes of wave blocking and hydraulic groyne effect. Sediment transfer to the beaches is controlled by waves but fed by the riverine sediment. The transfer between the lobe and the adjacent coastlines is discontinuous in time, with zone of temporary deposition (zone relais) located on the flanks of the underwater levees. Finally, the role of the morphology on currents was studied by simulating events effectively observed on a reconstructed bathymetric grid of 1955. These scenarios highlight that the shorter distance from mouth-bar to the coast, its depth and the absence of sandy mouth spit at the outlet favoured the transfer of riverine sediments to the open sea. At the same time, stronger currents in the channel permitted higher sedimentary inputs and improved the feeding of the beaches compared to nowadays.This work demonstrates the importance of the organization of coupled hazard (storm and flood) on sediment transport on a deltaic area and potentially the morphology of the mouth based on the equilibrium between river and marine dynamics
Bourgeois, Solveig. "Origine, qualité et réactivité de la matière organique d'origine continentale dans les sédiments du prodelta du Rhône et sur le plateau adjacent." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00868557.
Повний текст джерелаDanancher, Delphine. "Apports de l'écologie comportementale à la conservation d'un poisson en voie de disparition : l'apron du Rhône (Zingel Asper)." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10228.
Повний текст джерелаRavelet, Corinne. "Biodégradation du pyrène par des micromycètes dans un sédiment de rivière." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE18008.
Повний текст джерелаGoineau, Aurélie. "Ecologie des foraminifères benthiques dans le prodelta du Rhône : détermination de bio-indicateurs environnementaux et reconstitution historique d'une anthropisation récente." Angers, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ANGE0004.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis was realised in the context of the French research projects CHACCRA (Climate and Humaninduced AIterations in Carbon Cycling at the River-seA connection) and EXTREMA (Episodes météo-climatiques. Extrêmes et redistribution des masses sédimentaires et des polluants associés au sein d'un système côtier). The aim of this work is to precise the ecology of benthic foraminiferal faunas on the continental shelf under the influence of the Rhône River (Gulf of Lions, NW Mediterranean). The final purpose is to use benthic foraminifera as bio-, indicators of present and past environmental conditions prevailing in the Rhône prodelta. Physico-chemical parameters controlling the structure (standing stocks, faunal composition), the spatial variability and temporal dynamics of the living faunas were identified. Hydro-sedimentary disturbance related to major Rhône River flood events appears to be an important ecological constrain for the faunas living close to the river mouth. The quality and the quantity of available organic matter in the sediment are also key parameters controlling the temporal and spatial dynamics of foraminiferal communities. Thereafter, we have defined a tool (i. E. , proxy) based on fossil benthic foraminiferal assemblages. It permitted us to reconstruct the recent evofution of the Rhône prodelta for the last 400 years in terms of sedimentary and organic fluxes
Rossiaud, Jacques. "Réalités et imaginaire d'un fleuve : recherches sur le Rhône médiéval." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010558.
Повний текст джерелаThe studies here associated run a bout economical, social and cultural life in the Rhône valley during the end of the middle ages (xivth and xvth cent. ) A large part of the work interests the river's representations of a geographical and historical point of view
Nelva-Pasqual, Alain. "Biogéographie, démographie et écologie de Chondrostoma nasus nasus (L. , 1758) (Hotu, Poisson, Téléostéen, Cyprinidé)." Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO19059.
Повний текст джерелаGuerrin, Joana. "Une inondation négociée ? Politisation d'un risque naturel sur le Rhône." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON10046/document.
Повний текст джерелаSince the 1990s a shift occurred in the policies of flood risk in France. The protection structures that had been prevailing since the 19th century were questioned, and flooding was redefined as an unavoidable and beneficial for the environment. Public policy discourses about risk culture have replaced those of flood risk as an issue of public safety. The policy instruments have also changed. Facilities to encourage residents to live with flooding replaced major dykes building. The thesis questions the extent of this policy shift in the field of flood risk through the study of a local policy on the Rhône River. To that end, we retrace in international and European fora the origin of a policy instrument typical of this policy shift: the restoration of floodplains. We analyze the adaptation of this instrument to the Rhône as an opportunity for a coalition to support a new definition of floods locally. We follow the controversies and conflicts that developed around the implementation of this instrument. Finally, we question the impact of the abandonment of this instrument on the local policy itself, on the legitimacy of the coalition and on the policy shift announced
Dufour, Simon. "Contrôles naturels et anthropiques de la structure et de la dynamique des forêts riveraines des cours d'eau du bassin rhodanien (Ain, Arve, Drôme et Rhône)." Phd thesis, Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012155.
Повний текст джерелаDans un premier temps (Chapitre 2), une approche temporelle de la dynamique de la végétation riveraine à l'échelle de la seconde moitié du 20e s a été développée. Au niveau du paysage (Chapitre 2-A), le contrôle anthropique apparaît très important, aussi bien pour l'évolution des surfaces boisées, que pour la structuration spatiale du corridor naturel. Ainsi, nous avons montré que l'abandon des pratiques sylvicoles et pastorales peut être le moteur de la végétalisation des lits majeurs (Ain). A l'inverse, l'implantation de structures anthropiques dans le paysage réduit la superficie des milieux forestiers et provoque une fragmentation de l'ensemble du corridor (Arve). Lorsque la dynamique latérale du chenal peut s'exprimer, elle est à l'origine d'une plus grande diversité des unités paysagères. Cependant, nous avons mis en lumière un fort découplage géographique entre la dynamique de la zone interne du corridor et celle de la zone externe. Enfin, le caractère transitoire de la structure et de la diversité de la mosaïque paysagère a également été montré. A l'échelle des individus (Chapitre 2-B), l'analyse de la croissance ligneuse du frêne montre également que les contrôles hydro-morphologiques et anthropiques sont prépondérants pour la dynamique de la végétation riveraine à moyen terme. De fait, la position altitudinale d'une placette contrôle en grande partie son degré de connexion hydrologique ; sur l'Ain, un effet de seuil a pu être identifié pour la croissance du frêne entre des débits de connexion de 750 m3.s-1 et de 1000 m3.s-1. De plus, la structuration spatiale du substrat est également, pour le frêne, un facteur important contrôlant sa croissance radiale. L'analyse de la prospection racinaire de cette essence met en évidence un double contrôle au niveau du substrat : un contrôle édaphique (présence d'horizons impénétrables, ex. : le toit de galets) et un contrôle hydrologique (présence d'une nappe permanente ou semi-permanente). Evidemment, structure et fonctionnement sont intimement liées et nos résultats indiquent que la mobilité du chenal, en modifiant de façon significative le patron hydrologique et sédimentaire, affecte les conditions écologiques au sein de la plaine. De même, dans les corridors riverains soumis à une pression anthropique importante, le développement d'activités consommatrices d'eau entraîne une modification de la répartition spatiale et temporelle des flux au sein de l'hydrosystème.
Dans un deuxième temps (Chapitre 3), nous avons travaillé à une échelle de temps plus courte et à l'échelle spatiale de la communauté végétale. Dans la strate basse des boisements post-pionniers (frênaie) du corridor de l'Ain (Chapitre 3-A) aussi bien que dans les unités pionnières (saulaies) de la Drôme (Chapitre 3-B), nous avons montré que les conditions écologiques d'une unité varient non seulement en fonction de sa position dans l'hydrosystème à un instant donné, mais aussi au gré de l'évolution de la géométrie du chenal. Cette évolution résulte de l'ajustement aux conditions de débits, solide et liquide, au sein du chenal ; elle est donc liée à la dynamique de l'ensemble du tronçon fluvial : mobilité du chenal (incision sur l'Ain), effet des aménagements anthropiques (endiguement sur la Drôme). Concernant les communautés végétales, la position spatiale et la dynamique du tronçon se traduisent par des niveaux contrastés de connexion hydro-sédimentaire et donc de régime de perturbation. L'expression des processus hydrologiques et sédimentaires se répercute ainsi sur la communauté, en termes de composition, de structure, de régénération ou de diversité. Le rôle important joué par la dynamique des sédiments fins dans les forêts alluviales est alors souligné par nos résultats. En effet, l'érosion et le dépôt de sédiments constituent les processus primordiaux du caractère perturbant d'une crue. De plus, la granulométrie et l'épaisseur du substrat constituent un filtre à l'origine d'une sélection des espèces arbustives dans les milieux pionniers. Notons que cette dynamique des sédiments fins est sous le contrôle de la dynamique hydro-morphologique de l'ensemble du tronçon.
Les exemples développés dans notre travail font apparaître une véritable géographie des facteurs de contrôle liée à l'expression différenciée des conditions hydro-morphologiques mais aussi une empreinte anthropique toujours présente. Par exemple, l'influence de la mobilité du chenal sur la croissance et la régénération ligneuse ainsi que le contrôle exercé par la dynamique sédimentaire sur le paysage et les communautés riveraines constituent des arguments importants pour développer une gestion cohérente des lits fluviaux et de leurs marges boisées. Pour cela, après avoir rappelé la spécificité des boisements alluviaux, nous proposons des éléments stratégiques de gestion, concernant notamment : la cohérence géographique des boisements à gérer, le diagnostic fonctionnel de ces forêts, le choix des objectifs de gestion, la prise en compte du contexte hydro-morphologique et de son évolution, la réhabilitation des sites et la cohérence des outils législatifs et financiers permettant d'agir dans ce domaine (Chapitre 4).
Enfin, les résultats obtenus dans le cadre de cette thèse permettent de discuter les notions de connexion physique (hydrologique et sédimentaire), de contraintes anthropiques et de trajectoire écologique (Conclusion).
Riquier, Jérémie. "Réponses hydrosédimentaires de chenaux latéraux restaurés du Rhône français : structures spatiales et dynamiques temporelles des patrons et des processus, pérennité et recommandations opérationnelles." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20111/document.
Повний текст джерелаOver the past two centuries, the hydrological regime and the fluvial dynamics of the Rhône River have been highly modified, leading to a drastic decrease in the structural and functional habitat diversity of the main river channel and floodplains. An ambitious restoration project was initiated at the end of the 1990's. This thesis deals with the monitoring of 18 floodplain channels, which were restored between 1999 and 2006. We combined analysis based on grain size of deposits, fine sediment thicknesses, water depth, topographical and hydrological data and airborne imagery. We used pre-restoration data for 12 floodplain channels coupled with between three and seven post-restoration surveys for each channel, ranging from 5 to 15 years after restoration. To assess the adjustment of hydromorphological conditions, the physical functional diversity and the persistence of floodplain channels as aquatic habitats, we used statistical analysis and a modeling approach that allowed us to forecast conditions. Results demonstrate that both (i) grain size patterns and (ii) fine sediment accumulation rates can be predicted using simple hydrologic and/or hydraulic descriptors (upstream overflow frequency, shear stress, back-flowing capacity), which reflect the control exerted by the geometry of floodplain channels on their flooding regime (upstream overflow frequency, shear stress and backflow capacity). Such empirical statistical relationships can be used a priori to estimate the potential effects of different floodplain channel geometries on the propensity to accumulate fine sediment and the grain sizes of this sediment. Estimates of potential ranges of floodplain channel life spans are provided and discussed according to multiple trend models. This research has direct application and provides tools to river managers that will help guide this type of floodplain channel restoration design in the future on the Rhône River