Готові списки джерел за темами / Anomalous transport and universal class

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Anomalous transport and universal class"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Anomalous transport and universal class"

Falceto, F., and V. A. Gopar. "Conductance through quantum wires with Lévy-type disorder: Universal statistics in anomalous quantum transport." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 92, no. 5 (December 1, 2010): 57014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/92/57014.

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Aristov, V. V., A. A. Frolova, and S. A. Zabelok. "Supersonic Flows with Nontraditional Transport Described by Kinetic Methods." Communications in Computational Physics 11, no. 4 (April 2012): 1334–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/cicp.110510.150511s.

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AbstractA new class of supersonic nonequilibrium flows is studied on the basis of solving the Boltzmann and model kinetic equations with the aim to consider new non-linear structures in open systems and to study anomalous transfer properties in relaxation zones. The Unified Flow Solver is applied for numerical simulations. Simple gases and gases with inner degrees of freedom are considered. The experimental data related to the influence of the so-called optical lattices on the supersonic molecular beams are considered and numerical analysis of the nonequilibrium states obtained on this basis is made. The nonuniform relaxation problem with these distributions is simulated numerically and anomalous transport is confirmed. The conditions for strong changes of the temperature in the anomalous transfer zones are discussed and are realized in computations.

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Puhr, Matthias, and Pavel Buividovich. "The Chiral Separation Effect in quenched finite-density QCD." EPJ Web of Conferences 175 (2018): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817504003.

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We present results of a study of the Chiral Separation Effect (CSE) in quenched finite-density QCD. Using a recently developed numerical method we calculate the conserved axial current for exactly chiral overlap fermions at finite density for the first time. We compute the anomalous transport coeffcient for the CSE in the confining and deconfining phase and investigate possible deviations from the universal value. In both phases we find that non-perturbative corrections to the CSE are absent and we reproduce the universal value for the transport coeffcient within small statistical errors. Our results suggest that the CSE can be used to determine the renormalisation factor of the axial current.

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CLEAVER, GERALD B., and ALON E. FARAGGI. "ON THE ANOMALOUS U(1) IN FREE FERMIONIC SUPERSTRING MODELS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 14, no. 15 (June 20, 1999): 2335–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x99001172.

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The realistic free fermionic models have had an intriguing success in explaining different properties of the observed particle spectrum. In this paper we discuss in some detail the anomalous U(1) symmetry which exists in these models. We study the properties of the anomalous U(1) in both the more realistic NAHE-based free fermionic models and those in a general NAHE class. Appearance of an anomalous U(1) in the more realistic NAHE models is shown to be an effect of reduction of world sheet supersymmetry from (2,2) to (2,0). We show, however, that in more general (2,1) and (2,0) models, all U(1) can remain anomaly-free under certain conditions. Several phenomenological issues related to the anomalous U(1) are discussed. In particular, we note that in some examples the anomalous U(1) arises from the breaking E6 → SO (10)× U(1) A, resulting in U(1) A being family universal.

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Sun, HongGuang, Wen Chen, and K. Y. Sze. "A semi-discrete finite element method for a class of time-fractional diffusion equations." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 371, no. 1990 (May 13, 2013): 20120268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2012.0268.

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As fractional diffusion equations can describe the early breakthrough and the heavy-tail decay features observed in anomalous transport of contaminants in groundwater and porous soil, they have been commonly used in the related mathematical descriptions. These models usually involve long-time-range computation, which is a critical obstacle for their application; improvement of computational efficiency is of great significance. In this paper, a semi-discrete method is presented for solving a class of time-fractional diffusion equations that overcome the critical long-time-range computation problem. In the procedure, the spatial domain is discretized by the finite element method, which reduces the fractional diffusion equations to approximate fractional relaxation equations. As analytical solutions exist for the latter equations, the burden arising from long-time-range computation can effectively be minimized. To illustrate its efficiency and simplicity, four examples are presented. In addition, the method is used to solve the time-fractional advection–diffusion equation characterizing the bromide transport process in a fractured granite aquifer. The prediction closely agrees with the experimental data, and the heavy-tail decay of the anomalous transport process is well represented.

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Bisai, N., Santanu Banerjee, S. J. Zweben, and A. Sen. "Experimental validation of universal plasma blob formation mechanism." Nuclear Fusion 62, no. 2 (January 4, 2022): 026027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac3f1a.

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Abstract Anomalous plasma transport in the boundary region of a tokamak plasma is commonly associated with the formation and evolution of coherent density structures known as blobs. Recently, a theory for a universal mechanism of plasma blob formation has been put forward. It is based on a breaking process of a radially elongated streamer due to poloidal and radial velocity shears. The theory is well supported by two-dimensional and three-dimensional numerical simulation results but lacks experimental validation. In this work, we report the first ever experimental validation of this universal criterion by testing it against NSTX data on blobs obtained using the gas-puff imaging diagnostic. It is found that the criterion is widely satisfied in most L-mode discharges and may explain the significantly larger number of blob events. We also validate the theoretical criterion against ADITYA Langmuir probe data taken in the scrape-off layer region.

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Baggioli, Matteo, and Alessio Zaccone. "New paradigm for glassy-like anomalies in solids from fundamental symmetries." International Journal of Modern Physics B 35, no. 04 (January 29, 2021): 2130002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979221300024.

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Glasses and disordered materials are known to display anomalous features in the density of states, in the specific heat and in thermal transport. Nevertheless, in recent years, the question whether these properties are really anomalous (and peculiar of disordered systems) or rather more universal than previously thought, has emerged. New experimental and theoretical observations have questioned the origin of the boson peak (BP) and the linear in T specific heat exclusively from disorder and two-level systems (TLS). The same properties have been indeed observed in ordered or minimally disordered compounds and in incommensurate structures for which the standard explanations are not applicable. Using the formal analogy between phason modes (e.g., in quasicrystals and incommensurate lattices) and diffusions, and between amplitude modes and optical phonons, we suggest the existence of a more universal physics behind these properties. In particular, we strengthen the idea that linear in T specific heat is linked to low energy diffusive modes resulting from fundamental symmetries, and that a BP excess can be induced in crystals either by gapped optical-like modes and/or by anharmonic diffusive (Akhiezer) damping.

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Hu, Jin, Su-Yang Xu, Ni Ni, and Zhiqiang Mao. "Transport of Topological Semimetals." Annual Review of Materials Research 49, no. 1 (July 2019): 207–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070218-010023.

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Three-dimensional (3D) topological semimetals represent a new class of topological matters. The study of this family of materials has been at the frontiers of condensed matter physics, and many breakthroughs have been made. Several topological semimetal phases, including Dirac semimetals (DSMs), Weyl semimetals (WSMs), nodal-line semimetals (NLSMs), and triple-point semimetals, have been theoretically predicted and experimentally demonstrated. The low-energy excitation around the Dirac/Weyl nodal points, nodal line, or triply degenerated nodal point can be viewed as emergent relativistic fermions. Experimental studies have shown that relativistic fermions can result in a rich variety of exotic transport properties, e.g., extremely large magnetoresistance, the chiral anomaly, and the intrinsic anomalous Hall effect. In this review, we first briefly introduce band structural characteristics of each topological semimetal phase, then review the current studies on quantum oscillations and exotic transport properties of various topological semimetals, and finally provide a perspective of this area.

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Joshi, M. K., F. Kranzl, A. Schuckert, I. Lovas, C. Maier, R. Blatt, M. Knap, and C. F. Roos. "Observing emergent hydrodynamics in a long-range quantum magnet." Science 376, no. 6594 (May 13, 2022): 720–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abk2400.

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Identifying universal properties of nonequilibrium quantum states is a major challenge in modern physics. A fascinating prediction is that classical hydrodynamics emerges universally in the evolution of any interacting quantum system. We experimentally probed the quantum dynamics of 51 individually controlled ions, realizing a long-range interacting spin chain. By measuring space-time–resolved correlation functions in an infinite temperature state, we observed a whole family of hydrodynamic universality classes, ranging from normal diffusion to anomalous superdiffusion, that are described by Lévy flights. We extracted the transport coefficients of the hydrodynamic theory, reflecting the microscopic properties of the system. Our observations demonstrate the potential for engineered quantum systems to provide key insights into universal properties of nonequilibrium states of quantum matter.

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Gordienko, S. N., and S. S. Moiseev. "Turbulence: mechanics and structure of anomalous scaling." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 8, no. 4/5 (October 31, 2001): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-8-197-2001.

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Abstract. As the finite correlation time of a force driving turbulence is taken into account, a new, dimensionless parameter occurs in the theory of turbulence. This new parameter is responsible for two different mechanisms of formation of anomalous spectra. The first mechanism is related to the change of a governing parameter, which defines the spectrum of turbulent fluctuation. The second mechanism is associated with spontaneous formation of characteristic scales that differ parametrically from the scale of the external force. The last mechanism can explain the intermittent structure of turbulent flows. The appropriate discrete set of the possible characteristic scales and anomalous spectra has been calculated. The results give a new insight into the concept of universality: there is a set of universal power laws, although occurrence in the spectrum segments described by one or another power law from this set depends on the dimensionless parameter mentioned above. It is noted that for the broad class of geophysical flows, the new dimensionless parameter is connected with the so-called degree of turbulence, which guarantees that the smallness of this parameter, as the degree of turbulence is usually small enough. That explains the important role of the Kolmogorov spectrum in geophysical applications.

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Частини книг з теми "Anomalous transport and universal class"

V. Grushevskaya, Halina, and George Krylov. "Anomalous Charge Transport Properties and Band Flattening in Graphene: A Quasi-Relativistic Tight-Binding Study of Pseudo-Majorana States." In Graphene - Recent Advances, Future Perspective and Applied Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106144.

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Anomalous charge carrier transport in graphene is studied within a topologically nontrivial quasi-relativistic graphene model. The model predicts additional topological contributions, such as the Majorana-like mass-term correction to the ordinary ohmic component of the current, the spin-orbital-coupling, “Zitterbewegung”-effect corrections to conductivity in space, and time dispersion regime. The corrections appear due to non-Abelian quantum statistics for the charge carriers in graphene. The chiral anomaly of electrophysical and optical properties may emerge due to a deconfinement of the pseudo-Majorana quasiparticles. It has been shown that phenomena of negative differential conductivity, loss of universal far-infrared optical conductivity, and nonzero “minimal” direct-current conductivity in graphene occur due to flattening and vorticity of the pseudo-Majorana model graphene energy bands.

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Deichmann, Jacob. "Universal Design in the Metrobuss System of Trondheim, Norway – Challenges and Solutions." In Universal Design 2021: From Special to Mainstream Solutions. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210412.

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The presentation describes challenges and possible solutions for achieving truly accessible high-class urban public transportation based on a case from Trondheim, where a new high-class bus system was implemented. The implemented solution did not reflect the wheelchair user’s needs – despite clearly stated ambitions for accessibility. Ramboll conducted a study comprising a screening of the international market for relevant solutions, combined with interviews with representatives of Public transport authorities. The results were presented to the local user’s representatives, and some solutions tested on location. Based on this process, recommendations for short-, medium- and long-term solutions were made. The project highlights the need for involvement of sufficient professional knowledge of universal design in the planning phase as well as in the implementation phase.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Anomalous transport and universal class"

Sun, H. G., W. Chen, and K. Y. Sze. "A Novel Finite Element Method for a Class of Time Fractional Diffusion Equations." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48079.

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Anomalous transport of contaminants in groundwater or porous soil is a research focus in hydrology and soil science for decades. Because fractional diffusion equations can well characterize early breakthrough and heavy tail decay features of contaminant transport process, they have been considered as promising tools to simulate anomalous transport processes in complex media. However, the efficient and accurate computation of fractional diffusion equations is a main task in their applications. In this paper, we introduce a novel numerical method which captures the critical Mittag-Leffler decay feature of subdiffusion in time direction, to solve a class of time fractional diffusion equations. A key advantage of the new method is that it overcomes the critical problem in the application of time fractional differential equations: long-time range computation. To illustrate its efficiency and simplicity, three typical academic examples are presented. Numerical results show a good agreement with the exact solutions.

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Liu, Fawang, Pinghui Zhuang, and Kevin Burrage. "Stability and Convergence of Implicit Numerical Methods for a Class of Fractional Advection-Dispersion Models." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47071.

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In this paper, a class of fractional advection-dispersion models (FADM) is investigated. These models include five fractional advection-dispersion models: the immobile, mobile/immobile time FADM with a temporal fractional derivative 0 < γ < 1, the space FADM with skewness, both the time and space FADM and the time fractional advection-diffusion-wave model with damping with index 1 < γ < 2. They describe nonlocal dependence on either time or space, or both, to explain the development of anomalous dispersion. These equations can be used to simulate regional-scale anomalous dispersion with heavy tails, for example, the solute transport in watershed catchments and rivers. We propose computationally effective implicit numerical methods for these FADM. The stability and convergence of the implicit numerical methods are analyzed and compared systematically. Finally, some results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of our theoretical analysis.

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Cândido, Sílvio, and José C. Páscoa. "Numerical Simulation of Electrified Liquid Jets Using a Geometrical VoF Method." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69817.

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Abstract The stretch of interfacial flows due to the external application of an electric field has considerable importance in several applications. These range from engineering nanofibres to propulsion, the electrified jets bring us an outstanding technique to perform the emission of microdroplets. The present investigation concerns the resolution of interfacial electrohydrodynamic flows from a numerical standpoint using computational fluid dynamics. The reduced form of the Maxwell equations, for an electrostatic field, and a transport equation for the electric charges are coupled to the standard interFoam solvers on OpenFOAM, which resolves an immiscible two-phase flow. A laminar condition is assumed for the flow thus the laminar incompressible Navier-Stokes’s equations are used to compute the hydrodynamic behavior of the flow and, associated with them, electrically induced body forces are incorporated into the hydrodynamic momentum equation. The Maxwell Stress Tensor (MST) describes electrical surface forces acting on the liquid, making it possible to incorporate that effect on the momentum equation. A new efficient geometric Volume-of-Fluid (VoF) method for general meshes, called isoAdvector, was implemented in OpenFOAM, as a substitute for the Multidimensional Universal Limiter for Explicit Solution (MULES). The open literature on the subject presents quantitative benchmarks that demonstrated a significant improvement in the quality with which we can compute sharper interfaces on immiscible two-phase flows (Gamet, L. et al. 2020). Following this approach, we present here an application of that method to the simulation of the breakup of electrified liquids jets. To validate the implementation of the electric field equations, the order of the accuracy of the spatial and time discretization is herein computed. The validation of the discretization of the electric field equations is accomplished with a planar test case that is considered a benchmark test for this class of flows. The test case showed good accuracy on the resolution of the electric potential and electric field having lesser than 0.1% of difference against the theoretical solution. The code is then applied to a Taylor cone jet. This type of jets is at the base of the Electro-hydrodynamic sprays (EHDS) physics. These latter operate by a potential difference between a conductive liquid, usually on the tip of a needle, and an extractor electrode. The numerical model shows a remarkable accuracy on the prediction of the charged droplet size.

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