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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Anodic electrocatalysts"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 22 лютого 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "Anodic electrocatalysts"

Pham Hong, Hanh, Linh Do Chi, Phong Nguyen Ngoc, and Lam Nguyen Duc. "Synthesis and characterization of NiCoOx mixed nanocatalysts for anion exchanger membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE)." Vietnam Journal of Catalysis and Adsorption 9, no. 2 (July 31, 2020): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.51316/jca.2020.028.

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Anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) is a well developed technology for the conversion of water into hydrogen and oxygen. AEMWE is still a developing technology. One of the major advantages of AEM water electrolysis is the replacement ofconventional noble metal electrocatalysts with low cost transition metal catalysts. In this study, we report characterization of NiCoOxmixed metallic oxides synthesized by the hydrolysis method as anodic electrocatalysts for AEMWE. The mechanisms of the thermal decomposition process of precursors to form mixed metallic oxide powders were studied by means of thermal gravity analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to evaluate the crystallographic structure, morphology and size of catalyst particles. The surface reactivity and stability of these oxides was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) electrochemical method in solution of 1 M KOH. Based on the given results, the good anodic electrocatalyst was found.

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Yun, Young Hwa, Changsoo Lee, and Bonjae Koo. "Improvement of Mass Activity of IrO_x Electrocatalyst in Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction Using Bi₃TaO₇ Support." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 42 (November 22, 2024): 2786. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02422786mtgabs.

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Developing highly conductive and durable support materials for Ir-based electrocatalysts in acidic oxygen evolution reactions (OER) is one of the challenges to overcoming corrosion conduction during the anodic process. In this study, we develop an oxide-type support material(Bi3TaO7) for IrOx electrocatalyst in acidic OER to minimize the amount of iridium loading level. Through a combination of various physical and chemical analyses(XRD, TEM, XRF, EIS, XPS, XAS, etc.), it is demonstrated that the IrOx/Bi3TaO7 electrocatalyst showed remarkable OER performances and enhanced mass activity compared to unsupported IrOx electrocatalysts. Bi on the surface of Bi3TaO7 suppresses the change in oxidation state of Ir element, maintains activity of IrOx electrocatalyst during electrochemical reaction and induces chemical and physical stability of the IrOx/Bi3TaO7 electrocatalyst. These findings can provide further insight into a new category of anode support materials for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers.

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Balčiūnaitė, Aldona, Noha A. Elessawy, Biljana Šljukić, Arafat Toghan, Sami A. Al-Hussain, Marwa H. Gouda, M. Elsayed Youssef, and Diogo M. F. Santos. "Effective Fuel Cell Electrocatalyst with Ultralow Pd Loading on Ni-N-Doped Graphene from Upcycled Water Bottle Waste." Sustainability 16, no. 17 (August 29, 2024): 7469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16177469.

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Environmental pollution due to the excessive consumption of fossil fuels for energy production is a critical global issue. Fuel cells convert chemical energy directly into electricity in a clean and silent electrochemical process, but face challenges related to hydrogen storage, handling, and transportation. The direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC), utilizing sodium borohydride as a liquid fuel, is a promising alternative to overcome such issues but requires the design of cost-effective nanostructured electrocatalysts. In this study, we synthesized nitrogen-doped graphene anchoring Ni nanoparticles (Ni@NG) by thermal degradation of polyethylene terephthalate bottle waste with urea and metallic Ni, and evaluated it as a sustainable carbon support. Electrocatalysts were prepared by incorporating ultralow amounts (0.09 to 0.27 wt.%) of Pd into the Ni@NG support. The resulting PdNi@NG electrocatalysts were characterized using ICP-OES, XPS, TEM, N2-sorption analysis, XRD, and Raman and FTIR spectroscopy. Voltammetry assessed the materials’ electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction and borohydride oxidation reactions in alkaline media, corresponding to the anodic and cathodic reactions in DBFCs. The electrocatalyst with 0.27 wt.% Pd loading (PdNi_15@NG) exhibited the best performance for both reactions. Consequently, it was employed as an anodic and cathodic material in a lab-scale DBFC, achieving a specific power of 3.46 kW gPd−1.

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Heath, Megan Muriel, Elise Fosdal Closs, Svein Sunde, Anita Hamar Reksten, Tor Olav Sunde, Magdalena Müller, Hågen Røe, Abhishek Rajbhandari, and Frode Seland. "The Potential of Ruthenate Pyrochlores As Anodic Electroctalysts for PEM Water Electrolysisoral Presentation." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 42 (November 22, 2024): 2847. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02422847mtgabs.

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Green hydrogen is becoming a hot commodity in the light of escalating oil and gas prices and their uncertain future availability. Among various electrolysis technologies, PEM water electrolysis (WE) is favorable for its portability, modularity, and the ability to integrate with intermittent, renewable energy sources. However, the upscaling of PEMWE is not feasible yet due to the need for rare and expensive metals as electrocatalysts. Specifically, iridium oxide is used as state-of-the art anodic electrocatalyst. Ruthenium oxide also has an excellent activity towards the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), but is highly unstable. To address this limitation, this study investigates ruthenate pyrochlores as alternative anodic electrocatalysts. The pyrochlore structure may stabilize ruthenium. The pyrochlores in this study have been synthesized using a traditional citrate sol-gel method,1 as well as a novel combustion synthesis route. Physical characterization of the electrocatalysts has been conducted using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning (transmission) electron spectroscopy (S(T)EM) and Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, ex-situ electrochemical characterization has been performed in a three-electrode setup. Linear-sweep voltammetry results of Y2Ru2O7 synthesised via the citrate sol-gel route indicate an overpotential of 300 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2. This result agrees well with what has previously been reported for this electrocatalyst.2 Y2Ru2O7 synthesised via the novel combustion route performs better than the aforementioned due to increased surface area. Various A-site dopants have also been introduced into the pyrochlore structure to generate oxygen vacancies, modify the electronic structure and increase the stability. These materials have also been tested in a full-cell setup to gauge their performance for practical applications compared to state-of-the-art IrO2 and RuO2. References (1) Kim, J.; Shih, P.-C.; Tsao, K.-C.; Pan, Y.-T.; Yin, X.; Sun, C.-J.; Yang, H. High-Performance Pyrochlore-Type Yttrium Ruthenate Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Acidic Media. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139 (34), 12076–12083. (2) Feng, Q.; Zou, J.; Wang, Y.; Zhao, Z.; Williams, M. C.; Li, H.; Wang, H. Influence of Surface Oxygen Vacancies and Ruthenium Valence State on the Catalysis of Pyrochlore Oxides. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2020, 12 (4), 4520–4530.

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Tian, Na, Bang-An Lu, Xiao-Dong Yang, Rui Huang, Yan-Xia Jiang, Zhi-You Zhou, and Shi-Gang Sun. "Rational Design and Synthesis of Low-Temperature Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts." Electrochemical Energy Reviews 1, no. 1 (March 2018): 54–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41918-018-0004-1.

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Abstract Recent progresses in proton exchange membrane fuel cell electrocatalysts are reviewed in this article in terms of cathodic and anodic reactions with a focus on rational design. These designs are based around gaining active sites using model surface studies and include high-index faceted Pt and Pt-alloy nanocrystals for anodic electrooxidation reactions as well as Pt-based alloy/core–shell structures and carbon-based non-precious metal catalysts for cathodic oxygen reduction reactions (ORR). High-index nanocrystals, alloy nanoparticles, and support effects are highlighted for anodic catalysts, and current developments in ORR electrocatalysts with novel structures and different compositions are emphasized for cathodic catalysts. Active site structures, catalytic performances, and stability in fuel cells are also reviewed for carbon-based non-precious metal catalysts. In addition, further developmental perspectives and the current status of advanced fuel cell electrocatalysts are provided. Graphical Abstract

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Belhaj, Ines, Alexander Becker, Filipe M. B. Gusmão, Biljana Šljukić, Miguel Chaves, Salete S. Balula, Luís Cunha Silva, and Diogo M. F. Santos. "Au-Based MOFs as Anodic Electrocatalysts for Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 41 (December 22, 2023): 2053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02412053mtgabs.

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Researchers are exploring direct liquid fuel cells (DLFCs) as alternatives to proton-exchange membrane fuel cells because of their higher energy density and ease of storing and transporting the fuel. Direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFCs) are of particular interest as they offer a sustainable energy source with their high-power density output and the use of a highly alkaline NaBH4 medium [1]. Ensuring efficient and cost-effective catalysts for DBFCs is crucial for their commercial viability. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have demonstrated significant potential as anodic electrocatalysts for BOR in DBFCs [2]. However, research should explore various modifications to MOFs, such as the incorporation of alternative metal ions or functional groups, to improve their catalytic efficiency and reduce cost. This study evaluated the performance of newly developed MOF-based electrocatalysts for DBFCs. Specifically, six MOF-based materials were synthesized and analyzed for their ability to facilitate borohydride oxidation (BOR) using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry in alkaline media. MIL-101_Au@NH2 and MOF-808_Au@NH2 were found to be highly effective for BOR. The kinetic parameters for BOR with MOF-based electrocatalysts, including activation energy, reaction order, exchanged electrons, and anodic charge transfer coefficient, were determined. The activation energy for BOR was found to be 13.6 kJ mol−1 and 15.3 kJ mol−1 for MIL-101_Au@NH2 and MOF-808_Au@NH2, respectively. The number of transferred electrons, n, was found to be 7.0 and 3.1 for MIL-101_Au@NH2 and MOF-808_Au@NH2, respectively. This study demonstrates that MOF-based electrocatalysts can enhance DBFCs' performance, while offering insight into the potential usage of MOFs in other fuel cell technologies. [1] B. Šljukić, D.M.F. Santos, "Direct borohydride fuel cells", in: "Direct Liquid Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Advances, and Future", 1st ed., R.G. Akay, A.B. Yurtcan (eds.), Academic Press, USA, 203-232 (2021) [2] G. Backovic, B. Šljukić, G.S. Kanberoglu, M. Yurderi, A. Bulut, M. Zahmakiran, D.M.F. Santos, Ruthenium (0) nanoparticles stabilized by the metal-organic framework as an efficient electrocatalyst for borohydride oxidation reaction, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 45, 27056-27066 (2020).

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Protsenko, V. S., D. A. Shaiderov, O. D. Sukhatskyi, T. E. Butyrina, S. A. Korniy, and F. I. Danilov. "DES-assisted electrodeposition and characterization of an electrocatalyst for enhanced urea oxidation in green hydrogen production." Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii, no. 1 (February 2025): 65–70. https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2025-158-1-65-70.

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An important task of modern materials science is the development of highly efficient electrocatalysts for green hydrogen production. Specifically, this involves the urea oxidation reaction (UOR), which is an energetically advantageous and attractive alternative to the anodic oxygen evolution reaction, coupled with hydrogen evolution at the cathode. In this work, we present for the first time the use of systems based on a new generation of environmentally friendly room-temperature ionic liquids – deep eutectic solvents (DESs) – for the electrodeposition of electrocatalysts for UOR. The electrochemical performance of electrodeposited nanocomposite Ni–CeO2 electrocatalysts was evaluated in alkaline solution, showing an appreciable reduction in the anodic potential of UOR compared to oxygen evolution, reaching up to approximately 0.2 V at a current density of 0.1 mA cm–2. The obtained results are significant for the development of electrochemical synthesis methods for electrocatalysts used in green renewable energy.

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Gunji, Takao, and Futoshi Matsumoto. "Electrocatalytic Activities towards the Electrochemical Oxidation of Formic Acid and Oxygen Reduction Reactions over Bimetallic, Trimetallic and Core–Shell-Structured Pd-Based Materials." Inorganics 7, no. 3 (March 7, 2019): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics7030036.

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The structural design of nanosized electrocatalysts is extremely important for cathodic oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) and anodic oxidation reactions in small organic compounds in direct fuel cells. While Pt is still the most commonly used electrode material for ORR, the Pd electrocatalyst is a promising alternative to Pt, because it exhibits much higher electrocatalytic activity towards formic acid electrooxidation, and the electrocatalytic activity of ORR on the Pd electrode is the higher than that of all other precious metals, except for Pt. In addition, the mass activity of Pt in a core–shell structure for ORR can be improved significantly by using Pd and Pd-based materials as core materials. Herein, we review various nanoscale Pd-based bimetallic, trimetallic and core–shell electrocatalysts for formic acid oxidation and ORR of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). This review paper is separated into two major topics: the electrocatalytic activity towards formic acid oxidation over various Pd-based electrocatalysts, and the activity of ORR on Pd-based materials and Pd core–Pt shell structures.

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Banti, Angeliki, Kalliopi Maria Papazisi, Stella Balomenou, and Dimitrios Tsiplakides. "Effect of Calcination Temperature on the Activity of Unsupported IrO2 Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolyzers." Molecules 28, no. 15 (August 2, 2023): 5827. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28155827.

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Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolyzers suffer mainly from slow kinetics regarding the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Noble metal oxides, like IrO2 and RuO2, are generally more active for OER than metal electrodes, exhibiting low anodic overpotentials and high catalytic activity. However, issues like electrocatalyst stability under continuous operation and cost minimization through a reduction in the catalyst loading are of great importance to the research community. In this study, unsupported IrO2 of various particle sizes (different calcination temperatures) were evaluated for the OER and as anode electrodes for PEM water electrolyzers. The electrocatalysts were synthesized by the modified Adams method, and the effect of calcination temperature on the properties of IrO2 electrocatalysts is investigated. Physicochemical characterization was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurement, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. For the electrochemical performance of synthesized electrocatalysts in the OER, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) were conducted in a typical three-cell electrode configuration, using glassy carbon as the working electrode, which the synthesized electrocatalysts were cast on in a 0.5 M H2SO4 solution. The materials, as anode PEM water electrolysis electrodes, were further evaluated in a typical electrolytic cell using a Nafion®115 membrane as the electrolyte and Pt/C as the cathode electrocatalyst. The IrO2 electrocatalyst calcined at 400 °C shows high crystallinity with a 1.24 nm particle size, a high specific surface area (185 m2 g−1), and a high activity of 177 mA cm−2 at 1.8 V for PEM water electrolysis.

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Du, Hongfang, Qian Liu, Ningyan Cheng, Abdullah M. Asiri, Xuping Sun, and Chang Ming Li. "Template-assisted synthesis of CoP nanotubes to efficiently catalyze hydrogen-evolving reaction." J. Mater. Chem. A 2, no. 36 (2014): 14812–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta02368d.

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Дисертації з теми "Anodic electrocatalysts"

Chen, Dayi. "Nickel-based anodic electrocatalysts for fuel cells and water splitting." Thesis, The University of Utah, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10157943.

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Our world is facing an energy crisis, so people are trying to harvest and utilize energy more efficiently. One of the promising ways to harvest energy is via solar water splitting to convert solar energy to chemical energy stored in hydrogen. Another of the options to utilize energy more efficiently is to use fuel cells as power sources instead of combustion engines. Catalysts are needed to reduce the energy barriers of the reactions happening at the electrode surfaces of the water-splitting cells and fuel cells. Nickel-based catalysts happen to be important nonprecious electrocatalysts for both of the anodic reactions in alkaline media. In alcohol fuel cells, nickel-based catalysts catalyze alcohol oxidation. In water splitting cells, they catalyze water oxidation, i.e., oxygen evolution. The two reactions occur in a similar potential range when catalyzed by nickel-based catalysts. Higher output current density, lower oxidation potential, and complete substrate oxidation are preferred for the anode in the applications.

In this dissertation, the catalytic properties of nickel-based electrocatalysts in alkaline medium for fuel oxidation and oxygen evolution are explored. By changing the nickel precursor solubility, nickel complex nanoparticles with tunable sizes on electrode surfaces were synthesized. Higher methanol oxidation current density is achieved with smaller nickel complex nanoparticles. DNA aggregates were used as a polymer scaffold to load nickel ion centers and thus can oxidize methanol completely at a potential about 0.1 V lower than simple nickel electrodes, and the methanol oxidation pathway is changed. Nickel-based catalysts also have electrocatalytic activity towards a wide range of substrates. Experiments show that methanol, ethanol, glycerol and glucose can be deeply oxidized and carbon-carbon bonds can be broken during the oxidation. However, when comparing methanol oxidation reaction to oxygen evolution reaction catalyzed by current nickel-based catalysts, methanol oxidation suffers from high overpotential and catalyst poisoning by high concentration of substrates, so current nickel-based catalysts are more suitable to be used as oxygen evolution catalysts. A photoanode design that applies nickel oxides to a semiconductor that is incorporated with surface-plasmonic metal electrodes to do solar water oxidation with visible light is proposed.

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Terry, Alexandre. "New mixed 3d metal-based oxyfluorinated materials as anodic catalysts for water splitting : from elaboration to mechanistic study." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Le Mans, 2024. https://cyberdoc-int.univ-lemans.fr/Theses/2024/2024LEMA1029.pdf.

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Si l'hydrogène est un vecteur énergétique prometteur pour le stockage durable de l'énergie, sa production doit reposer sur des technologies sans carbone. L’électrolyse de l’eau qui consiste à dissocier l'eau via un courant électrique issu d’énergies renouvelables est idéal pour produire un hydrogène vert. Toutefois, ce processus est entravé par une cinétique lente de la réaction OER (Oxygen Evolution Reaction, 2H2O ⇋ O2 + 4H+ + 4e-) à l'anode, nécessitant un apport d’énergie supplémentaire pour assurer un rendement énergétique satisfaisant. Ainsi, des catalyseurs, généralement des oxydes d'iridium et de ruthénium, sont utilisés pour réduire cette énergie en facilitant le transfert d'électrons et de protons impliqués dans la réaction OER. Toutefois, l’utilisation de ces métaux de plus en plus rares freine l'évolution de cette technologie. Pour y remédier, des catalyseurs à base d'oxydes et d'oxyhydroxydes de métaux de transition 3d, économiques et abondants, ont été mis au point pour l’électrolyse de l’eau en milieu alcalin et présentent des performances élevées. Ce travail de thèse présente la synthèse de nouveaux composés oxyfluorés à base d’éléments éco-compatibles et abordables en utilisant une voie d’élaboration simple et directe en deux étapes pour une application en tant qu'électrocatalyseur anodique dans un électrolyseur alcalin.L'étude initiale porte sur des catalyseurs oxyfluorés enrichis en fer, issus de la décomposition thermique à l'air ambiant de (Co1-xFex)2+Fe3+F5(H2O)7 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0,72). Les résultats montrent que la teneur en cobalt peut être réduite de 20% sans affecter les performances OER, permettant d'atteindre un surpotentiel de 320 mV à 10 mA.cm-2, une activité massique de 110 A.g-1 à 1,55 V vs. RHE et une grande stabilité. La deuxième partie de la thèse vise à améliorer les propriétés catalytiques du composé référence Co0,5Fe0,5O0,5F1,5 en remplaçant le cobalt par du nickel, connu pour son activité OER. La solution solide (Co(1-x)/2Nix/2)2+Fe0,5O0,5F1,5-y(OH)y (y ≤ 0.3) a été obtenue par décomposition thermique (Co1-xNix)2+FeF5(H2O)7 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1). La dernière partie vise à évaluer les performances de ces matériaux ainsi que d’étudier leur mécanisme de réaction. La composition x = 0,5 présente les meilleures performances, avec un faible surpotentiel de 290 mV à 10 mA.cm-2 et une activité spécifique de 3,9 A.m-2 de surface BET à 1,5 V vs. RHE. L'origine des propriétés catalytiques exceptionnelles de (Co0.25Ni0.25)2+Fe3+0.5O0,5F1,3(OH)0,2, mis en évidence via entre autres des analyses in-situ/operando ont été employées, proviendrait de la synergie entre Co et Ni, et l’implication d’oxygènes du réseau dans le mécanisme (LOM), contournant les limites théoriques liées au mécanisme conventionnel
If hydrogen is a promising energy vector for sustainable energy storage, its production must rely on carbon-free technologies. Water splitting powered by green electricity is ideal for producing a decarbonized energy carrier from water. However, this process is hampered by the sluggish kinetics of the oxidation evolution reaction (OER, 2H2O ⇋ O2 + 4H+ + 4e-) at the anode, requiring extra energy to ensure a suitable production rate. Catalysts, usually iridium and ruthenium oxides, are employed to reduce the energy requirement by facilitating electron and proton transfer involved in OER, but these metals are scarce, limiting the scalability of this technology. To overcome this, oxides and oxyhydroxides catalysts based on cost-effective and abundant 3d transition metal-based have been developed for alkaline water splitting, presenting high performance. In this way, this work presents the synthesis of new oxyfluorides with eco-compatible and affordable elements using a simple and straightforward two-step synthetic route for application as OER electrocatalyst in alkaline electrolyte.The initial study focuses on iron-enriched oxyfluoride catalysts from thermal decomposition under ambient air of (Co1-xFex)2+Fe3+F5(H2O)7 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.72). Results show that cobalt content can be reduced by 20% without affecting OER performance, achieving an overpotential of 320 mV at 10 mA.cm-2, a mass activity of 110 A.g-1 at 1.55 V vs. RHE and high stability. The second part aims to enhanced the catalytic properties of Co0.5Fe0.5O0.5F1.5 reference by substituting cobalt with nickel, known for its OER activity. The (Co(1-x)/2Nix/2)2+Fe0.5O0.5F1.5-y(OH)y (y ≤ 0.3) solid solution have been obtained by thermal decomposition (Co1-xNix)2+FeF5(H2O)7 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1). The final section assesses the performance of these materials and studies their reaction mechanism. The x = 0.5 composition shows the best performance, with a low overpotential of 290 mV at 10 mA.cm-2 and a specific activity of 3.9 A.m-2 of BET surface area at 1.5 V vs. RHE. The origin of the exceptional catalytic properties of (Co0.25Ni0.25)2+Fe3+0.5O0.5F1.3(OH)0.2, highlighted via in-situ/operando analyses, among others, were employed, would stem from the synergy between Co and Ni, and the involvement of lattice oxygens in the mechanism (LOM), circumventing the theoretical limits linked to the conventional mechanism

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McIntyre, Dale R. "Non-noble electrocatalysts for anodes in fuel cells with acidic electrolytes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620481.

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St, John Samuel. "Hierarchical Electrocatalyst Structure Control to Study Cathodic and Anodic Overpotential in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1384334674.

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Gcilitshana, Oko Unathi. "Electrochemical Characterization of Platinum based anode catalysts for Polymer Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5972_1266961431.

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In this study, the main objective was to investigate the tolerance of platinum based binary anode catalysts for CO poisoning from 10ppm up to1000ppm and to identify the
best anode catalysts for PEMFCs that tolerates the CO fed with reformed hydrogen.

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Zellner, Michael. "Tungsten carbides as potential alternative direct methanol fuel cell anode electrocatalysts." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 213 p, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1172119451&sid=5&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Ren, Qiao. "Tungsten carbides as anode electrocatalyst of direct methanol fuel cell." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 97 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1400426011&sid=12&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Delaware, 2007.
Principal faculty advisors: Jingguang G. Chen, Dept. of Chemical Engineering; and Thomas P. Beebe, Jr., Dept. of Chemistry & Biochemistry. Includes bibliographical references.

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Kavanagh, R. J. "A computational study of anode electrocatalysis in direct ethanol fuel cells." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678702.

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Density Functional Theory calculations are employed in the investigation of the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) at the anode of Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells (DEFC), with a view to mechanistic understanding of the reaction pathways, determination of the factors governing the onset potential of activity and selectivity towards C02, and ultimately the design of an optimal electrocatalyst in these regards. The lowest energy pathway of ethanol decomposition on platinum is identified and it is found that the reaction kinetics do not significantly vary with catalyst morphology. The aqueous medium is found to somewhat facilitate all reaction pathways. Surface hydroxyl is found to oxidise ethanol to acetaldehyde. Surface atomic oxygen is found to selectively oxidise adsorbed carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. The onset potentials of surface hydroxyl and atomic oxygen on platinum are calculated to be in good agreement with experimental data. It is determined that onset potentials of < 0.1 V vs. SHE will result in inactive hydroxyls, while an onset potential of < 0.2 V results in inactive surface atomic oxygen, providing a target for catalyst optimisation. Onset of EOR is found to occur at potentials between 0.4 V and 0.5 V earlier on a range of platinum tin catalysts than on platinum, and Pt3Sn is found to be kinetically the best example of such a catalyst These findings are in good agreement with experimental observations. The addition of rhodium to platinum is found to result in a hydroxyl onset potential below the 0.1 V threshold for activity, and the near-optimal onset potential of surface atomic oxygen, resulting in excellent selectivity towards C02. However, the stability of the hydroxyl species delays the formation of atomic oxygen and so delays the onset of ethanol oxidation activity to an unacceptably high degree. This effect is believed to be general to metallic systems.

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Shingleton, Anthony. "An electrochemical and physical study of chlorine electrocatalysis on commercial RuO₂/TiO₂ anodes." Thesis, University of Bath, 1996. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307129.

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Gu, Ping. "Behaviour of the adsorbed chloride intermediate in electrocatalysis of anodic chlorine evolution at oxide film surfaces at platinum and ruthenium." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5847.

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In this thesis, the investigation of the mechanism of chlorine evolution reaction at (i) both freshly reduced and pre-oxidized Pt electrodes; (ii) RuO$\sb2$-TiO$\sb2$ electrodes (DSA); (iii) other noble metals such as Pd, Ir, Ru and Rh by means of computer controlled anodic polarization, potential-relaxation transients and a.c. impedance measurements, will be presented. As described in Chapter V, the influence of co-deposited OH and O species in the surface oxidation process on the extent of chemisorption of the Cl$\sp-$ intermediate in the Cl$\sb2$ evolution reaction has been carefully examined. Experimental results reveal that the reaction rate at reduced Pt surfaces is much greater than that at pre-oxidized ones. This is because the oxide species have a significant effect in blocking the Cl$\sb2$ evolution kinetics. The detectable surface adsorption pseudocapacitance, which is associated with the "overpotential deposited" Cl$\sp-$ intermediate, at freshly reduced Pt and oxide free Pt surfaces in non-aqueous trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) medium supports this conclusion. In Chapter VI, some exploratory experiments at other noble metal (e.g., Pd, Ir, Ru, and Rh) electrodes in non-aqueous TFA solution have shown very interesting interfacial capacitance information, which must be interpreted probably in terms of more than one adsorbed reaction intermediate being present. In Chapter VII, a possible mechanism of recombination kinetically control has been proposed for the Cl$\sb2$ evolution reaction at RuO$\sb2$-TiO$\sb2$ electrodes, based on the observations of their steady-state behaviour, and electrochemical data from potential relaxation and a.c. impedance measurements. Local supersaturation of Cl$\sb2$ in the microstructure of the oxide film appears to make a contribution to the pseudocapacitance behaviour. Some of the results in this work have been published or in press, as listed below: (1) "Surface electrochemistry of the anodic chlorine evolution reaction at Pt influence of co-deposition of the Cl$\sp-$ intermediate", P. Gu and B. E. Conway, J. Chem. Soc. Farada Trans. 86(6) (1990) 923. (2) "Behaviour of the adsorbed Cl$\sp-$ intermediate in anodic chlorine evolution at thin-film RuO$\sb2$ surfaces", P. Gu and B. E. Conway, J. Appl. Electrochem., in press. (3) "Evaluation of Cl$\sp-$ adsorption in anodic chlorine evolution at Pt by means of a.c. impedance and potential relaxation experiments: role of the state of surface oxidation", P. Gu and B. E. Conway, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., in press.

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Частини книг з теми "Anodic electrocatalysts"

Ferrell, Jack R., and Andrew M. Herring. "Metal Oxides and Heteropoly Acids as Anodic Electrocatalysts in Direct Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells." In ACS Symposium Series, 153–77. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2010-1040.ch011.

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Sasaki, Kotaro, and Meng Li. "Electrocatalysis of Anodic Reactions." In Encyclopedia of Applied Electrochemistry, 402–11. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6996-5_396.

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Lamy, Claude. "Anodic Reactions in Electrocatalysis - Methanol Oxidation." In Encyclopedia of Applied Electrochemistry, 85–92. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6996-5_405.

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Mellinger, Zachary J., and Jingguang G. Chen. "Metal-Modified Carbide Anode Electrocatalysts." In Lecture Notes in Energy, 27–42. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4911-8_2.

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Savinova, Elena, Antoine Bonnefont, and Frédéric Maillard. "Anodic Reactions in Electrocatalysis - Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide." In Encyclopedia of Applied Electrochemistry, 93–100. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6996-5_393.

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Olu, Pierre-Yves, Anicet Zadick, Nathalie Job, and Marian Chatenet. "Anode Electrocatalysts for Direct Borohydride and Direct Ammonia Borane Fuel Cells." In Electrocatalysts for Low Temperature Fuel Cells, 317–46. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527803873.ch10.

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Sharma, Surbhi, and Carolina Musse Branco. "Noble Metal Electrocatalysts for Anode and Cathode in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells." In Nanostructured Materials for Next-Generation Energy Storage and Conversion, 171–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56364-9_6.

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Baruah, Bhagyalakhi, and Ashok Kumar. "Platinum-Free Anode Electrocatalysts for Methanol Oxidation in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells." In Ceramic and Specialty Electrolytes for Energy Storage Devices, 261–83. First edition. I Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021. I Includes bibliographical references and: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003144816-12.

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Conway, B. E. "A Direction of Study of Electrocatalysis in Anodic O2 Evolution through Characterization of Chemisorption Behavior of Intermediates." In Electrochemistry in Transition, 161–77. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9576-2_12.

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Koper, Marc T. M. "Molecular-Level Modeling of Anode and Cathode Electrocatalysis for PEM Fuel Cells." In Topics in Applied Physics, 485–508. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78691-9_18.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Anodic electrocatalysts"

El-Dera, Sandra Erfan, Ahmed Abd El Aziz, and Ahmed Abd El Moneim. "Evaluation of the Activity of Metal-Oxides as Anode Catalysts in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell." In ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with the ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2012-91288.

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In the present work, pure iridium oxide (IrO2), and ternary catalysts (IrSnSb-Oxides and RuIrTi-Oxides) are investigated to be used as anode electrocatalysts in The Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC). Investigations of Methanol Oxidation and Hydrogen Evolution over the catalysts are measured in sulphuric acid as a supportive electrolyte using cyclic voltammetry technique at room temperature (25°C). A specific comparison between the electrocatalytic activities of IrSnSb-Oxides and RuIrTi-Oxides systems is conducted. A comprehensive examination of IrSnSb-Oxides and RuIrTi-Oxides catalysts containing different fractions of the alloying elements are performed to study the effect of varying Iridium Ir content (%) in IrSnSb-Oxides and Ruthenium Ru content (%) in RuIrTi-Oxides on the catalytic activity of ternary catalysts and on the performance of DMFC. It is observed that the electrocatalytic performance of ternary oxides catalysts is strongly dependent on the Ir and Ru content. The generated IrO2 and 33.36% Ru – 1%Ir – 65.64%Ti – Oxides catalysts prove high stability for oxidation of methanol and more proficient electrochemical activity as an anodic electrocatalyst in DMFC at 25°C. The electrochemical measurements of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) for metal oxides show that 46.65%Ir – 40.78%Sn – 12.57%Sb sample and 18.75%Ru – 9.35%Ir – 71.9%Ti sample are the superior hydrogen evolution catalysts at 25°C.

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Makhota, Dmytro, Olexandr Sukhatskyi, Tetyana Butyrina, and Vyacheslav Protsenko. "Application of Deep Eutectic Solvents to Prepare Electrocatalysts for Green Hydrogen Production." In International Young Scientists Conference on Materials Science and Surface Engineering. Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the NAS of Ukraine, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/msse2023.018.

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We investigated the electrochemical modification of metal surfaces by using electrolytes based on a novel type of ionic liquids known as deep eutectic solvents (DESs). The anodic treatment of the Cu–Ni alloy in DESs significantly improves its electrocatalytic properties towards the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Modification of the chemical composition of nickel coatings via codeposition from DES-based electrolytes containing Fe(II), Mo(VI), Ce(III), and La(III) salts leads to a significant increase in electrocatalytic activity towards the HER, which can be used in development of hydrogen energy.

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Strasser, Peter. "Combinatorial Development of Ternary Electrocatalysts for Methanol Oxidation." In ASME 2007 2nd Energy Nanotechnology International Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/enic2007-45060.

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We report a combinatorial and high throughput catalyst optimization of ternary Pt-Co-Ru alloy electrocatalysts for the oxidation of methanol in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell anodes. A densely sampled ternary Pt alloy catalyst library was prepared and electrochemically tested in parallel for catalytic activity. A composition-activity map was obtained from which suitable catalyst candidates with improved activity were identified. Then, high throughput methods for evaluating corrosion stability of the alloy catalysts were developed based on structural and compositional criteria. Finally, combining stability-composition and activity-composition maps resulted in consensus maps which pointed to a new optimized ternary alloy electrocatalyst with overall composition Pt18Co62Ru20.

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Hu, Jenny E., Joshua B. Pearlman, Atul Bhargav, and Gregory S. Jackson. "Impact of Increased Anode CO Tolerance on Performance of Hydrocarbon-Fueled PEM Fuel Cell Systems." In ASME 2009 7th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2009-85185.

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Recent advances in anode electrocatalysts for low-temperature PEM fuel cells are increasing tolerance for CO in the H2-rich anode stream. This study explores the impact of current day and future advances in CO-tolerant electrocatalysts on the system efficiency of low-temperature Nafion-based PEM fuel cell systems operating in conjunction with a hydrocarbon autothermal reformer and a preferential CO oxidation (PROx) reactor for CO clean-up. This study explores the effects of incomplete H2 cleanup by preferential oxidation reactors for partial CO removal, in combination with reformate-tolerant stacks. Empirical fuel cell performance models were based upon voltage-current characteristic from single-cell MEA tests at varying CO concentrations with new alloy reformate-tolerant electrocatalysts tested in conjunction with this study. A system-level model for a 5 kW maximum liquid-fueled system has been used to study the trade-offs between the improved performance with decreased CO concentration and the increased penalties from the air supply to the PROx reactor and associated reduction in H2 partial pressures to the anode. As CO tolerance is increased over current state-of-the-art Pt alloy catalysts system efficiencies improve due to higher fuel cell voltages. Furthermore, increasing CO tolerance of anode electrocatalysts allows for increased reformer efficiency by reducing PROx CO conversion requirements.

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Wenderich, Kasper, Birgit Nieuweweme, Marjolijn Katerberge, Guido Mul, and Bastian Mei. "The Benefits and Feasibility of Anodic H2O2 Production in (Photo)electrochemical Water Splitting: a Techno-Economic and Experimental Analysis." In International Conference on Electrocatalysis for Energy Applications and Sustainable Chemicals. València: Fundació Scito, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.ecocat.2020.022.

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Zaidi, Syed Javaid, Sajeda Adnan Mutlaq Alsaydeh, and Ammar Bin Yousaf. "Low cost anode electrocatalyst for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell applications." In Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2018.eepd1152.

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Diloyan, Georgiy, and Parsaoran Hutapea. "Platinum Dissolution in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Under Mechanical Vibrations." In ASME 2011 9th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2011-54944.

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One of the factors that affect the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is the loss of electrochemically active surface area of the Platinum (Pt) based electrocatalyst due to platinum dissolution and sintering. The intent of the current research is to understand the effect of mechanical vibrations on the Pt particles dissolution and overall PEMFC performance. This study is of great importance for the automotive application of fuel cells, since they operate under a vibrating environment. Carbon supported platinum plays an important role as an electrocatalyst in PEMFC. Pt particles, typically a few nanometers in size, are distributed on both cathode and anode sides. Pt particle dissolution and sintering is accelerated by a number of factors, one of which is potential cycling during fuel cell operation. To study the effect of mechanical vibrations on Pt dissolution and sintering, an electrocatalyst (from cathode side) was analyzed by SEM/EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy). The performance, dissolution and sintering of the Pt particles of 25 cm2 electrocatalyst coated membrane were studied during a series of tests. The experiment was conducted by running three accelerated tests. Each test duration was 300 hours, with different parameters of oscillations: one test without vibrations and remaining two tests under vibrations with frequencies of 20 Hz and 50 Hz (5g of magnitude) respectively. For each of the three tests a pristine membrane was used. The catalyst of each membrane was analyzed by ESEM/EDS in pristine state and in degraded state (after 300 hours of accelerated test). In order to specify the same area of observation on a catalyst before and after accelerated test, a relocation technique was used.

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Panigrahy, Bharati, B. Ramachandra Rao, and Vipul Kumar Maheshwari. "Development and Demonstration of In-House Design Green Hydrogen Production Technologies with Reduced CAPEX and OPEX." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/222255-ms.

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Abstract Design of highly efficient cost effective and self-supported bi-functional electrocatalyst for the production of green Hydrogen is significant for renewable and sustainable energy conversion to achieve future carbon neutral. Meanwhile, as we know that the overall water splitting is an uphill reaction requires 285.8 kJ of energy, corresponds to the HHV of hydrogen, state-of-the-art developments are necessary to greatly improve the efficiency by rationally designing non-precious metal-based robust bi-functional catalysts for promoting both the cathodic hydrogen evolution and anodic oxygen evolution reactions. The performance of metal phosphide towards hydrogen and oxygen evolution was examined under application relevant conditions in an alkaline and anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzer cell stack. The in-house designed stacked electrolyzer exhibited stable performances with a hydrogen production rate of few Nm3 per hour without any decay, pave the path towards large scale application with substantial reduction in CAPEX and OPEX cost. Key Words: Water splitting, Green Hydrogen, Electrolyzer, Electrolysis, HER, OER

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Lin, Jing-Chie, Yao-Tien Tseng, and Chin Huang. "Electrodeposited Ni-W-Zn Alloys as Promising Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Production by Micro-Anode Guided Electroplating." In 2023 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Nanotechnology (NANO). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nano58406.2023.10231238.

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Gribov, Evgeniy N., Ivan M. Krivobokov, and Aleksey G. Okunev. "Effect of MEAs Preparation Procedure on Their Performance in Room Temperature DMFC." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33160.

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In this work the effect of the MEA preparation techniques on the performance of DMFC was evaluated using three different methods of electrocatalyst deposition: i) catalyst coated membrane; ii) catalyst coated carbon paper; and iii) decal deposition. Optimization of the nafion content (5–15 wt. %) at anode and cathode sides of the MEA and the pressure (150–500 atm) were also performed. Activities of both supported and unsupported Pt and PtRu catalysts (Johnson Matthew) were compared in room temperature DMFC (RT-DMFC) using polarization curves. All MEAs prepared were also characterized by electrochemical (cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy) methods. It was shown that optimal nafion content is 5–10 wt. % at both anode and cathode sides, while the optimal pressure is in the 300–500 atm. range. The unsupported catalysts showed slightly higher power density at RT-DMFC (∼ 14 mW/cm2) as compared to the supported ones (∼10 mW/cm2) at the same Pt load. Variation of the wetness of MEAs upon mounting in DMFC allowed us to increase of the power density of RT-DMFC up to 32 mW/cm2.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Anodic electrocatalysts"

Wels, B. R. Electrocatalysis of anodic and cathodic oxygen-transfer reactions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6764798.

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Feng, Jianren. Anodic oxygen-transfer electrocatalysis at iron-doped lead dioxide electrodes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10190344.

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Hsiao, Yun-Lin. Electrocatalysis of anodic oxygen-transfer reactions at modified lead dioxide electrodes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6562056.

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Chang, Hsiangpin. Selective electrocatalysis of anodic oxygen-transfer reactions at chemically modified, thin-film lead dioxide electrodes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6974822.

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