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Статті в журналах з теми "Analytical signal"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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1

Guers, Manton J., and Tyler P. Dare. "Signal classification with machine learning." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): A268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0011298.

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This paper investigates and evaluates several Machine Learning techniques for the proper identification and classification of analytical signals. Signals having different “shapes” and periods were defined analytically to have pre-determined class associations. Supervised Machine Learning techniques were then investigated to evaluate the Machine Learning methodology’s ability to properly classify the analytical signals based on characteristics of interest.

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2

Padma Priyanka, Gaddam, Mosali Geetha Priya, M. Harshali, and M. Venu Gopala Rao. "Image compression using Analytical and Learned Dictionaries." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.7 (March 18, 2018): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.7.10881.

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The modern signal and image processing deals with large data such as images and this data deals with complex statistics and high dimensionality. Sparsity is one powerful tool used signal and image processing applications. The mainly used applications are compression and denoising. A dictionary contains information of the signals in the form of coefficients. Recently dictionary learning has emerged for efficient representation of signals. In this paper we study the image compression using both analytical and learned dictionaries. The results show that the effectiveness of learned dictionaries in the application of image compression.

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3

Maheswaran, A., and B. R. Davis. "Analytical signal processing for pattern recognition." IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing 38, no. 9 (1990): 1645–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/29.60087.

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4

Ibrahim, Tamer S. "Analytical approach to the MR signal." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 54, no. 3 (2005): 677–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.20600.

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5

Khan, Sibghatullah I., Ganjikunta Ganesh Kumar, Pandya Vyomal Naishadkumar, and Sarvade Pedda Subba Rao. "Analysis of Normal and Adventitious Lung Sound Signals Using Empirical Mode Decomposition and Central Tendency Measure." Traitement du Signal 38, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 731–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ts.380320.

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Diagnosing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) from lung sounds is time consuming, onerous, and subjective to the expertise of pulmonologists. The preliminary diagnosis of COPD is often based on adventitious lung sounds (ALS). This paper proposes to objectively analyze the lung sound signals associated with COPD. Specifically, empirical mode decomposition (EMD), a data adaptive signal decomposition technique suitable for analyzing non-stationary signals, was adopted to decompose non-stationary lung sound signals. The use of EMD on lung sound signal results in intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), which are symmetric and band limited. The analytic IMFs were then computed through the Hilbert transform, which reveals the instantaneous frequency content of each IMF. The Hilbert transformed signal is analytic, and has a complex representation containing real and imaginary parts. Next, the central tendency measure (CTM) was introduced to quantify the circular shape of the analytical IMF plot. The result was taken as a useful feature to distinguish normal lung sound signal with ALS. Simulation results show that the CTM of analytic IMFs has a strong ability to distinguish between normal lung sound signals and ALS.

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6

LIU, Hongchao, Jie ZHANG, and Dingxin CHENG. "Analytical Approach to Evaluating Transit Signal Priority." Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology 8, no. 2 (April 2008): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1570-6672(08)60017-3.

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7

van der Veen, A. J. "Analytical method for blind binary signal separation." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 45, no. 4 (April 1997): 1078–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/78.564198.

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8

Teeter, D. A., J. R. East, R. K. Mains, and G. I. Haddad. "Large-signal numerical and analytical HBT models." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 40, no. 5 (May 1993): 837–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/16.210188.

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9

Zitouni, Sihem, Khaled Rouabah, Djamel Chikouche, Karim Mokrani, Salim Atia, Rachid Harba, and Philippe Ravier. "General analytical models characterizing MBOC modulated signal." Aerospace Science and Technology 50 (March 2016): 112–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2015.12.027.

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10

Sorbello, Alfred, Anna Ripple, Joseph Tonning, Monica Munoz, Rashedul Hasan, Thomas Ly, Henry Francis, and Olivier Bodenreider. "Harnessing scientific literature reports for pharmacovigilance." Applied Clinical Informatics 26, no. 01 (2017): 291–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2016-11-ra-0188.

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Анотація:

Summary Objectives: We seek to develop a prototype software analytical tool to augment FDA regulatory reviewers’ capacity to harness scientific literature reports in PubMed/MEDLINE for pharmacovigilance and adverse drug event (ADE) safety signal detection. We also aim to gather feedback through usability testing to assess design, performance, and user satisfaction with the tool. Methods: A prototype, open source, web-based, software analytical tool generated statistical disproportionality data mining signal scores and dynamic visual analytics for ADE safety signal detection and management. We leveraged Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) indexing terms assigned to published citations in PubMed/MEDLINE to generate candidate drug-adverse event pairs for quantitative data mining. Six FDA regulatory reviewers participated in usability testing by employing the tool as part of their ongoing real-life pharmacovigilance activities to provide subjective feedback on its practical impact, added value, and fitness for use. Results: All usability test participants cited the tool’s ease of learning, ease of use, and generation of quantitative ADE safety signals, some of which corresponded to known established adverse drug reactions. Potential concerns included the comparability of the tool’s automated literature search relative to a manual ‘all fields’ PubMed search, missing drugs and adverse event terms, interpretation of signal scores, and integration with existing computer-based analytical tools. Conclusions: Usability testing demonstrated that this novel tool can automate the detection of ADE safety signals from published literature reports. Various mitigation strategies are described to foster improvements in design, productivity, and end user satisfaction.

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11

FUCHIKAMI, NOBUKO, and TOSHIFUMI SAKAGUCHI. "NOISE-INDUCED TRANSMISSION OF SIGNALS THROUGH A CHAIN OF LEVEL-CROSSING DETECTORS." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 03, no. 01 (March 2003): L11—L22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477503001051.

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Анотація:

We study noise-assisted propagation of periodic signals for one-dimensional arrays composed of one-way coupled level-crossing detectors (LCD). Analytical expressions are obtained for the signal decay length through chains and the signal decay time through rings, where noise is uncorrelated so that the signal transmission from a LCD to the neighboring one is Markovian. Recent numerical simulations for one-dimensional arrays of one-way coupled bistable oscillators are discussed in comparison to the present analytical results.

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12

Gelenbe, Erol. "Random Neural Networks with Negative and Positive Signals and Product Form Solution." Neural Computation 1, no. 4 (December 1989): 502–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.1989.1.4.502.

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We introduce a new class of random “neural” networks in which signals are either negative or positive. A positive signal arriving at a neuron increases its total signal count or potential by one; a negative signal reduces it by one if the potential is positive, and has no effect if it is zero. When its potential is positive, a neuron “fires,” sending positive or negative signals at random intervals to neurons or to the outside. Positive signals represent excitatory signals and negative signals represent inhibition. We show that this model, with exponential signal emission intervals, Poisson external signal arrivals, and Markovian signal movements between neurons, has a product form leading to simple analytical expressions for the system state.

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13

Wu, Yao, and Rebecca Y. Lai. "Tunable Signal-Off and Signal-On Electrochemical Cisplatin Sensor." Analytical Chemistry 89, no. 18 (August 25, 2017): 9984–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02353.

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14

Gulyaev, Yu V., V. F. Kravchenko, and V. I. Pustovoĭt. "Kravchenko-Kotel’nikov analytical wavelets in digital signal processing." Doklady Physics 52, no. 12 (December 2007): 645–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1028335807120026.

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15

Meng, Fan, Chong-Xiu Yu, and Jin-Hui Yuan. "Analytical model of signal amplification in silicon waveguides." Chinese Physics B 21, no. 7 (July 2012): 074207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/21/7/074207.

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16

SCHELLER, FRIEDER W., DOROTHEA PFEIFFER, RAINER HINTSCHE, INA DRANSFELD, ULLA WOLLENBERGER, and FLORIAN SCHUBERT. "Analytical Aspects of Internal Signal Processing in Biosensors." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 613, no. 1 Enzyme Engine (December 1990): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb18149.x.

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17

Liu, Linyang, Danting Yang, and Guozhen Liu. "Signal amplification strategies for paper-based analytical devices." Biosensors and Bioelectronics 136 (July 2019): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2019.04.043.

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18

Boettcher, Uwe, Christopher A. Lacey, Hui Li, Kensuke Amemiya, Raymond A. de Callafon, and Frank E. Talke. "Analytical read back signal modeling in magnetic recording." Microsystem Technologies 17, no. 5-7 (February 18, 2011): 997–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00542-011-1245-7.

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19

Rusinov, L. A., D. M. Monosov, V. V. Kurkina, N. A. Chistyakov, and I. Yu Soboleva. "Certification of signal processing algorithms for analytical instruments." Measurement Techniques 33, no. 7 (July 1990): 649–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00978532.

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20

Hangos, K. M., and L. Leisztner. "Towards properly controlled analytical measurement methods." Journal of Automatic Chemistry 11, no. 2 (1989): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1463924689000155.

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Анотація:

It is of great practical importance to develop simple methods for the automatic detection ofthe controlled state of the analytical method being applied. The key point is to find quantities that greatly affect the quality of the analytical results and that can be easily estimated during the measurement process from the measured data. The signal-to-noise ratio has proved to be such a quantity in gas chromatographic methods. The statistical properties of the estimation of the signal-to-noise ratio from gas chromatographic data have been investigated. The suggested practical method for estimating the signal-to-noise ratio proved to be biased from a mathematical statistical point of view, but the bias is usually not greater than 10%. It has been shown by practical examples that the signal-to-noise ratio affects the quality of the analytical results and it is easy to estimate its value from practical data.

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21

Bastani, Mehrdad, and Laust B. Pedersen. "Automatic interpretation of magnetic dike parameters using the analytical signal technique." GEOPHYSICS 66, no. 2 (March 2001): 551–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444946.

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The analytical signal of the magnetic field is used to automatically determine the source parameters of dikelike structures. The method is particularly useful for interpreting large amounts of data collected during airborne surveys because it makes full use of the high density of data along the flight lines while simultaneously checking for two‐dimensionality and strike directions by searching for coherent signals in neighboring profiles. The maximum horizontal curvature of the amplitude of the analytical signal is used to locate the dikes along a given profile. Tests with synthetic data show that the dike’s horizontal position is resolved accurately. Magnetic data from the Siljan impact structure in Sweden show that the estimated strikes are reliable and that dip, depth, and width estimates are coherent, especially for well‐isolated dikelike structures.

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22

Romano, Gianmarco. "On Asymptotic Efficiency of the M2M4 Signal-to-Noise Estimator for Deterministic Complex Sinusoids." Sensors 21, no. 15 (July 21, 2021): 4950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21154950.

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The moment-based M2M4 signal-to-noise (SNR) estimator was proposed for a complex sinusoidal signal with a deterministic but unknown phase corrupted by additive Gaussian noise by Sekhar and Sreenivas. The authors studied its performances only through numerical examples and concluded that the proposed estimator is asymptotically efficient and exhibits finite sample super-efficiency for some combinations of signal and noise power. In this paper, we derive the analytical asymptotic performances of the proposed M2M4 SNR estimator, and we show that, contrary to what it has been concluded by Sekhar and Sreenivas, the proposed estimator is neither (asymptotically) efficient nor super-efficient. We also show that when dealing with deterministic signals, the covariance matrix needed to derive asymptotic performances must be explicitly derived as its known general form for random signals cannot be extended to deterministic signals. Numerical examples are provided whose results confirm the analytical findings.

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23

Guzhov, V. I., I. O. Marchenko, E. E. Trubilina, and A. A. Trubilin. "Sampling signals with finite set of apertures." Omsk Scientific Bulletin, no. 175 (2021): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/1813-8225-2021-175-55-58.

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The article discusses the issue of sampling continuous signals using a finite set of apertures. Using the apparatus of generalized functions, an analytical form of sampling is obtained for ideal sampling, for sampling a limited signal and for sampling a signal using a limited set of apertures. It is shown that the signal spectrum is the product of the signal spectrum at ideal sampling by some known factor, the influence of which can be eliminated. The type of this factor can be obtained if the type of aperture is known. The type of analytical expression differs from those known in the literature on image sampling. The use of an analytical expression for sampling can be used to reconstruct the original image from the image obtained with different sets of apertures. For this it is necessary to divide the Fourier spectrum of the sampled image by a factor depending on the selected aperture. Having received the inverse Fourier transform from it, you can get the original one

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24

Shanin, Yu I. "Using an Adaptive Filtration to Improve Adaptive Optical Systems Performance. Analytical Review." Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, no. 2 (March 8, 2019): 34–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24108/0219.0001461.

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For adaptive optical systems (AOS) installed in the optical path of aircraft-based laser systems, the presence of changing input light signals is typical. A wave-front sensor processes these signals. The quality of the radiation wave-front correction depends on how well the rapidly changing input signal is received and processed. When dealing with such signals, an adaptive filtration (AF) is used, which allows automatic adaptation to the changing input signal. The adaptive filtration is used in control algorithms for adaptive optical systems.The paper gives a brief theoretical AF background as applied to the AOS. The AF with feedback can be used for the following: a) predictions, b) identification of an unknown system, c) balancing of characteristics, d) disturbance rejection. The AF main point is to control the weighting factors of the input signal, which form the output signal. Under control, the difference between the reference and output signals is minimized. Mathematically, this comes down to defining the global minimum of the objective function. Among the search methods for this minimum, the paper considers the following ones: the Newton's method, the steepest-descent method and its modified version - the least square error method, and the recursive AF algorithm using the least squares criterion. The choice requirements for an adaptive algorithm are formulated.The paper considers direct application of the AF methods in the control algorithms of the AOS used in the airborne laser systems. Analyzes both the works on improving operation of classical AOS control loops (based on the PID-controllers with time-fixed gains) by adding various adaptive devices to the circuit, and the works on direct use of the adaptive filters and their relevant control algorithms. Adaptive filtering has shown the positive results both in suppressing the multiple narrow-band vibrations inherent in the aircraft and in broadband jitter due to the turbulent atmosphere, including the aero-optical wave-front aberrations of laser radiation.For more successful application of the adaptive filtering methods for AOS control, further interpretation and research into capabilities of their practical implementation for specific applications of adaptive optics is required.

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25

Wu, Liang, Xiaohua Zhang, Wei Liu, Erhu Xiong, and Jinhua Chen. "Sensitive Electrochemical Aptasensor by Coupling “Signal-on’’ and “Signal-off’’ Strategies." Analytical Chemistry 85, no. 17 (August 19, 2013): 8397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac401810t.

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26

Buchner, Andre, Stefan Hadrath, Roman Burkard, Florian M. Kolb, Jennifer Ruskowski, Manuel Ligges, and Anton Grabmaier. "Analytical Evaluation of Signal-to-Noise Ratios for Avalanche- and Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes." Sensors 21, no. 8 (April 20, 2021): 2887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21082887.

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Performance of systems for optical detection depends on the choice of the right detector for the right application. Designers of optical systems for ranging applications can choose from a variety of highly sensitive photodetectors, of which the two most prominent ones are linear mode avalanche photodiodes (LM-APDs or APDs) and Geiger-mode APDs or single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs). Both achieve high responsivity and fast optical response, while maintaining low noise characteristics, which is crucial in low-light applications such as fluorescence lifetime measurements or high intensity measurements, for example, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), in outdoor scenarios. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of detectors is used as an analytical, scenario-dependent tool to simplify detector choice for optical system designers depending on technologically achievable photodiode parameters. In this article, analytical methods are used to obtain a universal SNR comparison of APDs and SPADs for the first time. Different signal and ambient light power levels are evaluated. The low noise characteristic of a typical SPAD leads to high SNR in scenarios with overall low signal power, but high background illumination can saturate the detector. LM-APDs achieve higher SNR in systems with higher signal and noise power but compromise signals with low power because of the noise characteristic of the diode and its readout electronics. Besides pure differentiation of signal levels without time information, ranging performance in LiDAR with time-dependent signals is discussed for a reference distance of 100 m. This evaluation should support LiDAR system designers in choosing a matching photodiode and allows for further discussion regarding future technological development and multi pixel detector designs in a common framework.

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27

Tijerina, Louis, and Shannon Hetrick. "Analytical Evaluation of Warning Onset Rules for Lane Change Crash Avoidance Systems." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 41, no. 2 (October 1997): 949–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107118139704100251.

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This study assessed the potential effectiveness of two warning onset rules for lane change Crash Avoidance Systems (CAS). A minimum-separation rule triggers a driver warning whenever the Subject Vehicle (SV) and Principal Other Vehicle (POV) are within some minimum lateral separation distance. A turn-signal onset rule triggers a driver warning when the driver activates the turn signal indicator and there is a vehicle in the blind spot. A software program to simulate lane change crashes determined the maximum time available for driver surprise reaction time to the warning and estimated the proportion of crashes avoided with each warning rule. Results indicate that the minimum separation rule is unlikely to be effective for lane change crash avoidance but may help prevent lane-drift-related crashes. The turn-signal onset rule will likely be effective for drivers who use their turn signals but is not free of nuisance alarm problems. Recommendations for lane change CAS research and development are provided.

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28

Ferrat, S., and M. Crochet. "Methods of detection and estimation errors in ST radar studies." Annales Geophysicae 12, no. 6 (May 31, 1994): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-994-0489-2.

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Abstract. The classical theory of detection using the Neyman-Pearson principle is applied to stratosphere-troposphere (ST) radar signals. It is extended to provide information regarding the detection of weak signals which complements the detectability method usually employed in ST radar studies. It is shown that for ST radar signals of low amplitude and a detectability around 3 (a value commonly invoked in literature), the probability of detection is about equal to the probability of false alarm. The question of threshold detectability is also discussed. Spectral moments errors are evaluated by a method which is an extension of the analytical method of estimation developed by Miller and Rochwarger and the results compared to other statistical and analytical models. As already known, three factors can affect the error on the estimated parameters: the signal-to-noise ratio, the spectral width and the incoherent integration number. For high signal-to-noise ratios, analytical results are in good agreement with Barrick's and Denenberg's theoretical models and with Yamamoto's statistical one. For low signal-to-noise ratios, the spectral parameters are more sensitive to the selected model but overall variability is similar.

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29

Ni, Bin. "Study on the Improvement of MUSIC Algorithm Fire Wireless Communication." Advanced Materials Research 1049-1050 (October 2014): 1880–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1049-1050.1880.

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Music algorithm has good spatial resolution, provides the possibility to further improve the performance of fire radio communication system, but the algorithm in the target range rapidly changing circumstances poor stability. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes a MUSIC algorithm based on time domain analytical signals (TAMUSIC, Time-domain Analysis MUSIC). The TAMUISC algorithm first constructs analytical time-domain signal; then the time domain analytical signal covariance matrix; finally the covariance matrix eigenvalue decomposition, the noise subspace estimation results of spatial spectrum. The simulation results show that, TAMUSIC algorithm in target azimuth change quickly, compared with the conventional MUSIC algorithm, need a short observation time, observation has smaller variance.

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30

Afanasiev, Nikolay, and Stanislav Chudaev. "DIAGNOSTICS OF THE STOCHASTIC IONOSPHERIC CHANNEL IN THE DECAMETER BAND OF RADIO WAVES." Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika 6, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/szf-64202010.

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We propose a method for direct diagnostics of a stochastic ionospheric radio channel. This method can recalculate probe signal characteristics into transmitted signal characteristics. We derive analytical equations of second-order statistical moments for trajectory characteristics of the main and probe signals propagating in a three-dimensional randomly inhomogeneous ionosphere. We take into account boundary conditions at signal transmission and reception points. As a model of random irregularities of permittivity of the ionosphere, we utilize the concept of a changing space-time correlation ellipsoid, which is self-consistent with spatial changes in the average ionosphere. Time fluctuations of random irregularities are taken into account by the hypothesis of frozen transfer. We use analytical relationships to calculate the expected statistical characteristics of decameter signals along oblique probing paths of the ionosphere. An operational numerical algorithmization of the formulas derived is proposed. We report results of numerical experiments to determine the expected phase variances, group delay, and Doppler frequency shift of the main signal on a given single-hop path, based on measurements of these characteristics of a probe signal on a secondary path. We demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method for diagnosing statistical trajectory characteristics of a decameter signal along single-hop paths under conditions when ground points of transmission and reception of the main and probe signals are outside the vicinity of focusing points of the wave field.

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31

Afanasiev, Nikolay, and Stanislav Chudaev. "DIAGNOSTICS OF THE STOCHASTIC IONOSPHERIC CHANNEL IN THE DECAMETER BAND OF RADIO WAVES." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 6, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-64202010.

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Анотація:

We propose a method for direct diagnostics of a stochastic ionospheric radio channel. This method can recalculate probe signal characteristics into transmitted signal characteristics. We derive analytical equations of second-order statistical moments for trajectory characteristics of the main and probe signals propagating in a three-dimensional randomly inhomogeneous ionosphere. We take into account boundary conditions at signal transmission and reception points. As a model of random irregularities of permittivity of the ionosphere, we utilize the concept of a changing space-time correlation ellipsoid, which is self-consistent with spatial changes in the average ionosphere. Time fluctuations of random irregularities are taken into account by the hypothesis of frozen transfer. We use analytical relationships to calculate the expected statistical characteristics of decameter signals along oblique probing paths of the ionosphere. An operational numerical algorithmization of the formulas derived is proposed. We report results of numerical experiments to determine the expected phase variances, group delay, and Doppler frequency shift of the main signal on a given single-hop path, based on measurements of these characteristics of a probe signal on a secondary path. We demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method for diagnosing statistical trajectory characteristics of a decameter signal along single-hop paths under conditions when ground points of transmission and reception of the main and probe signals are outside the vicinity of focusing points of the wave field.

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32

Dohnal, Vlastimil, Lenka Podloucká, Zuzana Grosmanová, and Jiří Krejčí. "Use of artificial neural networks in biosensor signal classification." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 56, no. 2 (2008): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200856020073.

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Анотація:

Biosensors are analytical devices that transforms chemical information, ranging from the concentration of a specific sample component to total composition analysis, into an analytical signal and that utilizes a biochemical mechanism for the chemical recognition. The complexity of biosensor construction and generation of measured signal requires the development of new method for signal evaluation and its possible defects recognition. A new method based on artificial neural networks (ANN) was developed for recognition of characteristic behavior of signals joined with malfunction of sensor. New algorithm uses unsupervised Kohonen self-organizing neural networks. The work with ANN has two phases – adaptation and prediction. During the adaptation step the classification model is build. Measured data form groups after projection into two-dimensional space based on theirs similarity. After identification of these groups and establishing the connection with signal disorders ANN can be used for evaluation of newly measured signals. This algorithm was successfully applied for 540 signal classification obtained from immobilized acetylcholinesterase biosensor measurement of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides in vegetables, fruits, spices, potatoes and soil samples. From six different signal defects were successfully classified four – low response after substrate addition, equilibration at high values, slow equilibration after substrate addition respectively low sensitivity on syntostigmine.

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33

Han, Dongying, Xiao Su, and Peiming Shi. "Weak Fault Signal Detection of Rotating Machinery Based on Multistable Stochastic Resonance and VMD-AMD." Shock and Vibration 2018 (2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4252438.

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For solving detection problems of multifrequency weak signals in noisy background, a novel weak signal detection method based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) and rescaling frequency-shifted multistable stochastic resonance (RFMSR) with analytical mode decomposition (AMD) is proposed. In this method, different signal frequency bands are processed by rescaling subsampling compression to make each frequency band meet the conditions of stochastic resonance. Before the enhanced signal components are synthesized, they are processed to achieve the enhanced signal by means of AMD, leaving only the enhanced sections of the signal. The processed signal is decomposed into intrinsic mode functions (IMF) by VMD, in order to require the detection of weak multifrequency signals. The experimental analysis of the rolling bearing inner ring fault and gear fault diagnosis demonstrate that the proposed method can not only enhance signal amplitude, reduce false components, and improve the VMD algorithm’s accuracy, but also effectively detect weak multifrequency signals submerged by noise.

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Fischer, G., M. Kofler, M. Handler, and D. Baumgarten. "A Lead Field Two-Domain Model for Longitudinal Neural Tracts—Analytical Framework and Implications for Signal Bandwidth." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2020 (May 29, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5436807.

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Somatosensory evoked potentials are a well-established tool for assessing volley conduction in afferent neural pathways. However, from a clinical perspective, recording of spinal signals is still a demanding task due to the low amplitudes compared to relevant noise sources. Computer modeling is a powerful tool for gaining insight into signal genesis and, thus, for promoting future innovations in signal extraction. However, due to the complex structure of neural pathways, modeling is computationally demanding. We present a theoretical framework which allows computing the electric potential generated by a single axon in a body surface lead by the convolution of the neural lead field function with a propagating action potential term. The signal generated by a large cohort of axons was obtained by convoluting a single axonal signal with the statistical distribution of temporal dispersion of individual axonal signals. For establishing the framework, analysis was based on an analytical model. Our approach was further adopted for a numerical computation of body surface neuropotentials employing the lead field theory. Double convolution allowed straightforward analysis in the frequency domain. The highest frequency components occurred at the cellular membrane. A bandpass type spectral shape and a peak frequency of 1800 Hz was observed. The volume conductor transmitting the signal to the recording lead acted as an additional bandpass reducing the axonal peak frequency from 200 Hz to 500 Hz. The superposition of temporally dispersed axonal signals acted as an additional low-pass filter further reducing the compound action potential peak frequency from 90 Hz to 170 Hz. Our results suggest that the bandwidth of spinal evoked potentials might be narrower than the bandwidth requested by current clinical guidelines. The present findings will allow the optimization of noise suppression. Furthermore, our theoretical framework allows the adaptation in numerical methods and application in anatomically realistic geometries in future studies.

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35

Zavyalov, A., and Yu Patrakov. "Universal assessment method for laser detection probability of sunken engineering structures." Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 1, no. 399 (March 15, 2022): 176–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2022-1-399-176-188.

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Object and purpose of research. Laser diagnostics, analysis of reflected laser signal from fixed underwater objects, improvement of laser optical methods, technologies and tools for underwater object studies, development of laser detection systems, determination of laser indication probability for fixed underwater objects. Materials and methods. Laser detection systems, analytical and computational methods, software programs, analytical tools for measurement data processing, laser diagnostics of reflected laser signal from underwater objects taking into account dissipation and absorption in atmosphere and hydrosphere. Main results. Improvement of technology and methods for diagnostics of reflected laser signal (back-scattering), determination of reliable detection limits for laser signals reflected from fixed underwater objects, software programs, laser diagnostics, efficiency analysis of laser detection systems. Conclusion. The study showed that high efficiency of laser detection systems considerably depends on the selected tech- nology, reflected laser signal display and processing techniques, and also on the probabilistic methods adopted to estimate the reflected signal luminance and the knowledge of hydrodsphere parameters.

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Porsev, V. I., A. I. Gelesev, and A. G. Krasko. "Angular superresolution of signals using virtual antenna arrays." Journal of «Almaz – Antey» Air and Space Defence Corporation, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.38013/2542-0542-2019-4-24-34.

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We analysed existing publications concerning virtual antenna arrays and determined the limitations of using them in radar systems for the case of prior uncertainty regarding angular positions of signal sources. The paper shows that it is possible to increase angular coordinate resolution for the case of prior uncertainty regarding angular positions of signal sources by employing a virtual antenna array at typical signal-to-noise ratios used in radar signal processing. We provide results of simulating the signals numerically, which confirm our analytical calculations.

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Boon Law, Shee, and Roger Willett. "The ability of analytical procedures to signal transaction errors." Managerial Auditing Journal 19, no. 7 (September 2004): 869–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02686900410549402.

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Tanimoto, T. "Analytical nonlinear HEMT model for large signal circuit simulation." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 44, no. 9 (1996): 1584–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.536608.

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39

Goswami, Anisha, Anju Agrawal, Ciby T. Thuruthiyil, Mridula Gupta, and R. S. Gupta. "Small-signal analytical MOSFET model for microwave frequency applications." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 25, no. 5 (June 5, 2000): 346–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(20000605)25:5<346::aid-mop16>3.0.co;2-r.

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40

Hänicke, Wolfgang, and Horst U. Vogel. "An analytical solution for the SSFP signal in MRI." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 49, no. 4 (March 18, 2003): 771–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.10410.

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41

Aguilar, Juan A., and Simon J. Kenwright. "Robust NMR water signal suppression for demanding analytical applications." Analyst 141, no. 1 (2016): 236–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5an02121a.

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42

Kim, Ho Kyung. "Analytical model for incomplete signal generation in semiconductor detectors." Applied Physics Letters 88, no. 13 (March 27, 2006): 132112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2191742.

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43

Serbes, Ahmet. "On the Estimation of LFM Signal Parameters: Analytical Formulation." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 54, no. 2 (April 2018): 848–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taes.2017.2767978.

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44

Porshnev, S. V. "Effects of signal duration on analytical frequency meter accuracy." Measurement Techniques 43, no. 3 (March 2000): 276–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02503526.

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Kleshchev, Alexander. "Diffraction of Pulsed Sound Signals by Elastic Bodies of Analytical and Non-analytical Forms, Put in Plane Waveguide." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 70, no. 6 (June 1, 2015): 419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2015-0062.

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AbstractWith the help of the Fourier transform and imaginary sources and scatterers method the problem of the pulse sound signal scattering by the elastic spheroidal bodies put in the plane waveguide is solved. Based on the integral method equations the problem of the pulse sound signal diffraction at elastic body of the nonanalytical form in the plane waveguide is solved.

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46

Al-Suod, Mahmoud, Abdullah Eial Awwad, Alaa Al-Quteimat, and Oleksandr Ushkarenko. "Method for describing signal conversion processes in analog electronic systems." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i1.3545.

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One of the main tasks of information technology is to improve existing and develop new methods for formal recording of various dynamic logical operations of analog and digital signal conversion in electronic control systems, acquisition, and processing of information. The stage of formal recording of any signal transformation process must be presented in the form of analytic symbols, the sequence of which must form a fully functional mathematical model. The improved method of the signals conversion processes description based on a representation of the mathematical models of the electronic circuits’ components in the grapho-analytical form with the increased information content allows integrating the developed models of electronic circuit elements with object-oriented programming language in the form of functional structures. It opens the way to perform parametric analysis of circuits and other tasks, related to the modeling of electronic systems.

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47

Liu, Pingchuan, Kuangang Fan, and Yuhang Chen. "Analytical Blind Beamforming for a Multi-Antenna UAV Base-Station Receiver in Millimeter-Wave Bands." Sensors 21, no. 19 (September 30, 2021): 6561. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196561.

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Over the last decade, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with antenna arrays have usually been employed for the enhancement of wireless communication in millimeter-wave bands. They are commonly used as aerial base stations and relay platforms in order to serve multiple users. Many beamforming methods for improving communication quality based on channel estimation have been proposed. However, these methods can be resource-intensive due to the complexity of channel estimation in practice. Thus, in this paper, we formulate an MIMO blind beamforming problem at the receivers for UAV-assisted communications in which channel estimation is omitted in order to save communication resources. We introduce one analytical method, which is called the analytical constant modulus algorithm (ACMA), in order to perform blind beamforming at the UAV base station; this relies only on data received by the antenna. The feature of the constant modulus (CM) is employed to restrict the target user signals. Algebraic operations, such as singular value decomposition (SVD), are applied to separate the user signal space from other interferences. The number of users in the region served by the UAV can be detected by exploring information in the measured data. We seek solutions that are expressible as one Kronecker product structure in the signal space; then, the beamformers that correspond to each user can be successfully estimated. The simulation results show that, by using this analytically derived blind method, the system can achieve good signal recovery accuracy, a reasonable system sum rate, and acceptable complexity.

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48

Liu, Ke, Wenqi Wu, Kanghua Tang, and Lei He. "IMU Signal Generator Based on Dual Quaternion Interpolation for Integration Simulation." Sensors 18, no. 8 (August 18, 2018): 2721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18082721.

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This paper focuses on the problem of high-update-rate and high accuracy inertial measurement unit signal generation. In order to be in accordance with the vehicle’s kinematic and dynamic characteristics as well as the characteristics of pseudorange of post-processed global navigation satellite system and their rate measurements, a novel dual quaternion interpolation and analytic integration algorithm based on actual flight data is proposed. The proposed method can simplify the piecewise analytical expressions of angular rates, angular increments and specific force integral increments. Norm corrections are adopted as constraint conditions to guarantee the accuracy of the signals. Numerical simulations are conducted to validate the method’s performance.

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Васюта, Костянтин Станіславович, Уляна Романівна Збежховська, Валерій Валерійович Слободянюк, Ірина Вікторівна Захарченко, Олександр Леонтійович Кащишин, Марко Сергійович Дубинський, Юрій Миколайович Рябуха та Олексій Васильович Коваль. "Метод підвищення скритності систем передачі інформації на основі модуляції з ортогональним частотним розділенням і мультиплексуванням хаотичних піднесучих". RADIOELECTRONIC AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS, № 3 (5 жовтня 2021): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/reks.2021.3.07.

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The subject of the research is the processes of formation and processing of signals with orthogonal frequency divisionand multiplexing (OFDM) of chaotic sequences to ensure the stealthiness of data transmission. The research synthesizes the method for increasing the stealthiness of information transmission systems based on signals with OFDM-modulation on the basis of forming an analytical signal and chaotic mapping of Chebyshev polynomial. It would enable ensuring reliable information protection in radio transmission systems that use signals with OFDM-modulation, at the cost of the high level of structural and independent and Identically distributed (IID) (the degree of signal masking under noise) stealthiness of the signals. The tasks are to investigate the effectiveness of the developed method for increasing the stealthiness of information transmission systems by numerical assessment of the level of structural and IID-stealthiness and the quality of recovery of the masked information on the receiving side. The methods used are for the formation and processing of chaotic subcarriers in the signal with OFDM-modulation – methods of nonlinear dynamics, approaches to the formation of analytical chaotic signal and methods of the statistical theory of observation processing; to assess the level of structural and IID-stealthiness – steganography theory, a method of nonlinear time series analysis based on the use of BDS-statistics. The following results are obtained: the method for increasing the stealthiness of information transmission systems based on the use of signals with OFDM-modulation and chaotic subcarriers has been synthesized, has also evaluated the level of structural and IID-stealthiness of signals, that generated using the proposed method. It is established that compared with systems that use harmonic signals with OFDM-modulation, chaotic signals with OFDM-modulation can provide a higher level of IID-stealthiness. It was confirmed by the obtained results of visual, frequency, statistical and dynamic analysis. To assess the level of structural stealthiness, the expenditure of detecting the generated signals with a given probability has been estimated. The obtained results showed that the level of structural stealthiness increased by 2…2.5 times. It has shown that to ensure the required level of recovery of the generated signal, the signal-to-noise ratio at the input of the receiver must be greater than 4 dB. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the following: for the first time, the method of subcarrier formation for signals with OFDM-modulation based on the use of analytical signal and Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind of tertiary is obtained. The proposed method provides the required level of structural and IID-stealthiness of information transmission systems, compared with conventional methods of signal generation with OFDM-modulation, due to the similarity of the generated signals with “white” noise.

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Dong, Zhi Feng, Hui Cheng, Hui Jia Yang, Wei Fu, Ji Wei Chen, Zhi Yuan Shi, and Dong Liang Zhao. "Gearbox Fault Diagnosis Using Vibration Signal with Wavelet De-Noising." Applied Mechanics and Materials 86 (August 2011): 735–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.86.735.

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This paper dealt with the gearbox fault diagnosis with vibration signal analysis. The vibration signals from experiment contained a lot of noises which result from motor, gears, bears and box, and were collected through accelerate sensor, data collector and computer. The wavelet de-noising stratification was used to de-noise the vibration signals before the frequency-domain analysis was done. The effects of the simulation signal de-noising was contrasted, and the noise cancellation the power spectrum estimation was carried out. The experimental and analytical results show that the different features are indicated with vibration signal of the normal gearbox and the signal with bolts loosened of the gearbox. The gearbox fault with bolts loosened can be diagnosed by extracting the time-domain fault features of vibration signals.

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