Дисертації з теми "Analysis of Motion Trajectories"
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1
Partsinevelos, Panayotis. "Detection and Generalization of Spatio-temporal Trajectories for Motion Imagery." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2002. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/PartsinevelosP2002.pdf.
2
Chassat, Perrine. "Functional and Shape Data Analysis under the Frenet-Serret Framework : Application to Sign Language Motion Trajectories Analysis." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASM005.
Анотація:
Cette thèse, réalisée dans le cadre d'une collaboration avec MocapLab, une entreprise spécialisée en motion capture, vise à déterminer le cadre mathématique le plus adapté et des descripteurs pertinents pour l'analyse des trajectoires de mouvement en langue des signes. En nous appuyant sur les principes du contrôle moteur, nous avons identifié le cadre défini par les formules de Frenet-Serret, incluant les paramètres de courbure, torsion et vitesse, comme particulièrement pertinent pour cette tâche. Ainsi, en introduisant de nouvelles approches d'analyse de courbes basées sur le cadre de Frenet, cette thèse contribue au développement de nouvelles méthodes dans les domaines de l'analyse de données fonctionnelles et de l'analyse de forme. La première partie de ce travail aborde le défi de l'estimation lisse des paramètres de courbures de Frenet, en traitant le problème comme une estimation de paramètres d'une équation différentielle dans SO(d), (d ≥ 1). Nous introduisons un algorithme Expectation-Maximization fonctionnel qui définit une méthode d'estimation unifiée des variables dans le groupe SE(3), fournissant des estimateurs lisses, plus fiables et robustes que les méthodes existantes. Dans la deuxième partie, deux nouvelles représentations des courbes sont introduites : les courbures de Frenet non paramétrisées et la Square Root Curvatures (SRC) transform, établissant de nouveaux cadres géométriques riemanniens pour les courbes lisses dans ℝᵈ, (d ≥ 1). En utilisant les informations géométriques d'ordre supérieur et dépendant de la paramétrisation, la Square Root Curvatures transform surpasse la représentation state-of-the-art Square-Root Velocity Function (SRVF) sur des résultats synthétiques. Étant donné une collection de courbes, ce type de géométrie nous permet de définir des critères statistiques efficaces pour estimer les formes moyennes de Karcher sur les espaces de formes riemanniens associés, qui se révèlent particulièrement performants sur des données bruitées. Enfin, ce cadre développé ouvre la voie à des applications plus pratiques dans le traitement de la langue des signes, comprenant l'étude des lois puissances sur nos données et le développement d'un modèle génératif pour le mouvement d'un point en langue des signesThis thesis, conducted in collaboration with MocapLab, a company specializing in motion capture, aims to determine the optimal mathematical framework and relevant descriptors for analyzing sign language motion trajectories. Drawing on principles of motor control, we identified the framework defined by the Frenet-Serret formulas, including curvature, torsion, and velocity parameters, as particularly suitable for this task. By introducing new curve analysis approaches based on the Frenet framework, this thesis contributes to developing novel methods in functional data analysis and shape analysis. The first part of this thesis addresses the challenge of smoothly estimating Frenet curvature parameters, treating the problem as parameter estimation of differential equation in SO(d), (d ≥ 1). We introduce a functional Expectation-Maximization algorithm that defines a unified variable estimation method in the SE(3) group, providing smoother estimators that are more reliable and robust than existing methods. In the second part, two new curve representations are introduced: unparametrized Frenet curvatures and the Square Root Curvatures (SRC) transform, establishing new Riemannian geometric frameworks for smooth curves in ℝᵈ, (d ≥ 1). Leveraging higher-order geometric information and parametrization dependence, the Square Root Curvatures transform outperforms the state-of-the-art Square-Root Velocity Function (SRVF) representation on synthetic results. Given a collection of curves, this type of geometry allows us to define efficient statistical criteria for estimating Karcher mean shapes on the associated Riemannian shape spaces, proving particularly effective on noisy data. Finally, this developed framework opens the door to more practical applications in sign language processing, including the study of power laws on our data and the development of a generative model for a point motion in sign language
3
Jetchev, Nikolay N. [Verfasser]. "Learning representations from motion trajectories : analysis and applications to robot planning and control / Nikolay Nikolaev Jetchev." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027151604/34.
4
Beaudry, Cyrille. "Analyse et reconnaissance de séquences vidéos d'activités humaines dans l'espace sémantique." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LAROS042/document.
Анотація:
Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à la caractérisation et la reconnaissance d'activités humaines dans des vidéos. L'intérêt grandissant en vision par ordinateur pour cette thématique est motivé par une grande variété d'applications telles que l'indexation automatique de vidéos, la vidéo-surveillance, ou encore l'assistance aux personnes âgées. Dans la première partie de nos travaux, nous développons une méthode de reconnaissance d'actions élémentaires basée sur l'estimation du mouvement dans des vidéos. Les points critiques du champ vectoriel obtenu, ainsi que leurs trajectoires, sont estimés à différentes échelles spatio-temporelles. La fusion tardive de caractéristiques d'orientation de mouvement et de variation de gradient, dans le voisinage des points critiques, ainsi que la description fréquentielle des trajectoires, nous permet d'obtenir des taux de reconnaissance parmi les meilleurs de la littérature. Dans la seconde partie, nous construisons une méthode de reconnaissance d'activités en considérant ces dernières comme un enchainement temporel d'actions élémentaires. Notre méthode de reconnaissance d'actions est utilisée pour calculer la probabilité d'actions élémentaires effectuées au cours du temps. Ces séquences de probabilité évoluent sur une variété statistique appelée simplexe sémantique. Une activité est finalement représentée comme une trajectoire dans cet espace. Nous introduisons un descripteur fréquentiel de trajectoire pour classifier les différentes activités humaines en fonction de la forme des trajectoires associées. Ce descripteur prend en compte la géométrie induite par le simplexe sémantiqueThis thesis focuses on the characterization and recognition of human activities in videos. This research domain is motivated by a large set of applications such as automatic video indexing, video monitoring or elderly assistance. In the first part of our work, we develop an approach based on the optical flow estimation in video to recognize human elementary actions. From the obtained vector field, we extract critical points and trajectories estimated at different spatio-temporal scales. The late fusion of local characteristics such as motion orientation and shape around critical points, combined with the frequency description of trajectories allow us to obtain one of the best recognition rate among state of art methods. In a second part, we develop a method for recognizing complex human activities by considering them as temporal sequences of elementary actions. In a first step, elementary action probabilities over time is calculated in a video sequence with our first approach. Vectors of action probabilities lie in a statistical manifold called semantic simplex. Activities are then represented as trajectories on this manifold. Finally, a new descriptor is introduced to discriminate between activities from the shape of their associated trajectories. This descriptor takes into account the induced geometry of the simplex manifold
5
Almuhisen, Feda. "Leveraging formal concept analysis and pattern mining for moving object trajectory analysis." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0738/document.
Анотація:
Cette thèse présente un cadre de travail d'analyse de trajectoires contenant une phase de prétraitement et un processus d’extraction de trajectoires d’objets mobiles. Le cadre offre des fonctions visuelles reflétant le comportement d'évolution des motifs de trajectoires. L'originalité de l’approche est d’allier extraction de motifs fréquents, extraction de motifs émergents et analyse formelle de concepts pour analyser les trajectoires. A partir des données de trajectoires, les méthodes proposées détectent et caractérisent les comportements d'évolution des motifs. Trois contributions sont proposées : Une méthode d'analyse des trajectoires, basée sur les concepts formels fréquents, est utilisée pour détecter les différents comportements d’évolution de trajectoires dans le temps. Ces comportements sont “latents”, "emerging", "decreasing", "lost" et "jumping". Ils caractérisent la dynamique de la mobilité par rapport à l'espace urbain et le temps. Les comportements détectés sont visualisés sur des cartes générées automatiquement à différents niveaux spatio-temporels pour affiner l'analyse de la mobilité dans une zone donnée de la ville. Une deuxième méthode basée sur l'extraction de concepts formels séquentiels fréquents a également été proposée pour exploiter la direction des mouvements dans la détection de l'évolution. Enfin, une méthode de prédiction basée sur les chaînes de Markov est présentée pour prévoir le comportement d’évolution dans la future période pour une région. Ces trois méthodes sont évaluées sur ensembles de données réelles . Les résultats expérimentaux obtenus sur ces données valident la pertinence de la proposition et l'utilité des cartes produitesThis dissertation presents a trajectory analysis framework, which includes both a preprocessing phase and trajectory mining process. Furthermore, the framework offers visual functions that reflect trajectory patterns evolution behavior. The originality of the mining process is to leverage frequent emergent pattern mining and formal concept analysis for moving objects trajectories. These methods detect and characterize pattern evolution behaviors bound to time in trajectory data. Three contributions are proposed: (1) a method for analyzing trajectories based on frequent formal concepts is used to detect different trajectory patterns evolution over time. These behaviors are "latent", "emerging", "decreasing", "lost" and "jumping". They characterize the dynamics of mobility related to urban spaces and time. The detected behaviors are automatically visualized on generated maps with different spatio-temporal levels to refine the analysis of mobility in a given area of the city, (2) a second trajectory analysis framework that is based on sequential concept lattice extraction is also proposed to exploit the movement direction in the evolution detection process, and (3) prediction method based on Markov chain is presented to predict the evolution behavior in the future period for a region. These three methods are evaluated on two real-world datasets. The obtained experimental results from these data show the relevance of the proposal and the utility of the generated maps
6
Almuhisen, Feda. "Leveraging formal concept analysis and pattern mining for moving object trajectory analysis." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0738.
Анотація:
Cette thèse présente un cadre de travail d'analyse de trajectoires contenant une phase de prétraitement et un processus d’extraction de trajectoires d’objets mobiles. Le cadre offre des fonctions visuelles reflétant le comportement d'évolution des motifs de trajectoires. L'originalité de l’approche est d’allier extraction de motifs fréquents, extraction de motifs émergents et analyse formelle de concepts pour analyser les trajectoires. A partir des données de trajectoires, les méthodes proposées détectent et caractérisent les comportements d'évolution des motifs. Trois contributions sont proposées : Une méthode d'analyse des trajectoires, basée sur les concepts formels fréquents, est utilisée pour détecter les différents comportements d’évolution de trajectoires dans le temps. Ces comportements sont “latents”, "emerging", "decreasing", "lost" et "jumping". Ils caractérisent la dynamique de la mobilité par rapport à l'espace urbain et le temps. Les comportements détectés sont visualisés sur des cartes générées automatiquement à différents niveaux spatio-temporels pour affiner l'analyse de la mobilité dans une zone donnée de la ville. Une deuxième méthode basée sur l'extraction de concepts formels séquentiels fréquents a également été proposée pour exploiter la direction des mouvements dans la détection de l'évolution. Enfin, une méthode de prédiction basée sur les chaînes de Markov est présentée pour prévoir le comportement d’évolution dans la future période pour une région. Ces trois méthodes sont évaluées sur ensembles de données réelles . Les résultats expérimentaux obtenus sur ces données valident la pertinence de la proposition et l'utilité des cartes produitesThis dissertation presents a trajectory analysis framework, which includes both a preprocessing phase and trajectory mining process. Furthermore, the framework offers visual functions that reflect trajectory patterns evolution behavior. The originality of the mining process is to leverage frequent emergent pattern mining and formal concept analysis for moving objects trajectories. These methods detect and characterize pattern evolution behaviors bound to time in trajectory data. Three contributions are proposed: (1) a method for analyzing trajectories based on frequent formal concepts is used to detect different trajectory patterns evolution over time. These behaviors are "latent", "emerging", "decreasing", "lost" and "jumping". They characterize the dynamics of mobility related to urban spaces and time. The detected behaviors are automatically visualized on generated maps with different spatio-temporal levels to refine the analysis of mobility in a given area of the city, (2) a second trajectory analysis framework that is based on sequential concept lattice extraction is also proposed to exploit the movement direction in the evolution detection process, and (3) prediction method based on Markov chain is presented to predict the evolution behavior in the future period for a region. These three methods are evaluated on two real-world datasets. The obtained experimental results from these data show the relevance of the proposal and the utility of the generated maps
7
Khalid, Shehzad. "Motion classification using spatiotemporal approximation of object trajectories." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492915.
Анотація:
Techniques for understanding video object motion activity are becoming increasingly important with the widespread adoption of CCTV surveillance systems. Motion trajectories provide rich spatiotemporal information about an object's activity. This thesis presents a novel technique for clustering and classification of object trajectory based video motion clips using basis function approximation.
8
Sand, Peter (Peter M. ). 1977. "Long-range video motion estimation using point trajectories." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38319.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-104).
This thesis describes a new approach to video motion estimation, in which motion is represented using a set of particles. Each particle is an image point sample with a long-duration trajectory and other properties. To optimize these particles, we measure point-based matching along the particle trajectories and distortion between the particles. The resulting motion representation is useful for a variety of applications and differs from optical flow, feature tracking, and parametric or layer-based models. We demonstrate the algorithm on challenging real-world videos that include complex scene geometry, multiple types of occlusion, regions with low texture, and non-rigid deformation.
by Peter Sand.
Ph.D.
9
Oliveira, Fábio Luiz Marinho de. "Video motion description based on histograms of sparse trajectories." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4838.
Анотація:
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Descrição de movimento tem sido um tema desafiador e popular há muitos anos em visão computacional e processamento de sinais, mas também intimamente relacionado a aprendizado de máquina e reconhecimento de padrões. Frequentemente, para realizar essa tarefa, informação de movimento é extraída e codificada em um descritor. Este trabalho apresenta um método simples e de rápida computação para extrair essa informação e codificá-la em descritores baseados em histogramas de deslocamentos relativos. Nossos descritores são compactos, globais, que agregam informação de quadros inteiros, e o que chamamos de auto-descritor, que não depende de informações de sequências senão aquela que pretendemos descrever. Para validar estes descritores e compará-los com outros tra balhos, os utilizamos no contexto de Reconhecimento de Ações Humanas, no qual cenas são classificadas de acordo com as ações nelas exibidas. Nessa validação, obtemos resul tados comparáveis aos do estado-da-arte para a base de dados KTH. Também avaliamos nosso método utilizando as bases UCF11 e Hollywood2, com menores taxas de reconhe cimento, considerando suas maiores complexidades. Nossa abordagem é promissora, pelas razoáveis taxas de reconhecimento obtidas com um método muito menos complexo que os do estado-da-arte, em termos de velocidade de computação e compacidade dos descritores obtidos. Adicionalmente, experimentamos com o uso de Aprendizado de Métrica para a classificação de nossos descritores, com o intuito de melhorar a separabilidade e a com pacidade dos descritores. Os resultados com Aprendizado de Métrica apresentam taxas de reconhecimento inferiores, mas grande melhoria na compacidade dos descritores.
Motion description has been a challenging and popular theme over many years within computer vision and signal processing, but also very closely related to machine learn ing and pattern recognition. Very frequently, to address this task, one extracts motion information from image sequences and encodes this information into a descriptor. This work presents a simple and fast computing method to extract this information and en code it into descriptors based on histograms of relative displacements. Our descriptors are compact, global, meaning it aggregates information from whole frames, and what we call self-descriptors, meaning they do not depend on information from sequences other than the one we want to describe. To validate these descriptors and compare them to other works, we use them in the context of Human Action Recognition, where scenes are classified according to the action portrayed. In this validation, we achieve results that are comparable to those in the state-of-the-art for the KTH dataset. We also evaluate our method on the UCF11 and Hollywood2 datasets, with lower recognition rates, considering their higher complexity. Our approach is a promising one, due to the fairly good recogni tion rates we obtain with a much less complex method than those of the state-of-the-art, in terms of speed of computation and final descriptor compactness. Additionally, we ex periment with the use of Metric Learning in the classification of our descriptors, aiming to improve the separability and compactness of the descriptors. Our results for Metric Learning show inferior recognition rates, but great improvement for the compactness of the descriptors.
10
Chen, Ni. "Contouring control in high performance motion systems /." View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ELEC%202005%20CHENN.
11
Mandolesi, Luca <1987>. "Developmental Trajectories and Normative Profiles of Motion and Form Perception." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7799/1/Tesi%20Dottorato%20Luca%20Mandolesi.pdf.
Анотація:
The research focuses on the study of the methods useful to evaluate the developmental trajectories for global motion perception and global form perception. The studies aim to present two different instruments created in order to evaluate the dorsal and ventral streams functionalities and to analyze their psychometric characteristics.
The first study presents the Motion and Form perception tests as new tools to investigate motion and form perception accuracy. The use of these tests allows to cope with some of the criticism reported in other studies presented in literature. The tests have been evaluated in a large sample of children of different ages.
The second study evaluates the applicability of a specific psychophysical function which allows to analyze the accuracy profiles obtained by Motion and Form coherence test. The response profile of the two tasks are fitted with a half-normal distribution function, that estimates the discrimination performance (i.e. the number of correct responses) on the basis of the coherence level of a stimulus. Moreover, the use of the function allows to statistically define the perceptive thresholds of the two test and to compare them.
The third study presented analyzes the developmental trajectories of motion detection and form discrimination abilities in a sample of typically developing children (4 to 13 years) and adults. Moreover, this study allows to define the normative scores for motion coherence and form coherence tests calculated with different normative indexes in the different age groups.
The fourth study investigates if motion and form tests can recognize specific deficits in clinical populations. The differences between motion and form perception accuracy are evaluated in children with different genetic syndromes (Noonan syndrome and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome) and in controls. The different populations show specific results in motion and form perception abilities
12
Muijtjens, Arnoldus Matheus Marie. "The reconstruction of 3-D marker trajectories in measuring heart motion." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Rijksuniversiteit Limburg] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1995. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6636.
13
Dufour, Alyssa Beth. "Cluster analysis of longitudinal trajectories." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12751.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston UniversityCluster analysis is widely used in many disciplines including biology, psychology, archaeology, geography, and marketing. Methods have been developed to extend cluster analysis to longitudinal data, clustering subject trajectories rather than single time points. Here, I examine 2 methods of longitudinal cluster analysis: k-means and model-based (implemented using FlexMix in R) cluster analysis. I compare these two methods based on the Correct Classification Rate, the ability of the method to correctly classify subject trajectories into groups, using a simulation study. Both methods are found to perform well under most circumstances, but in 64% of the scenarios examined, the model-based method out-performs the k-means approach. Next, I examine three criteria that have been used to determine how many groups exist in the data: the Akaike's Information Criteria (AIC), the Davies-Bouldin Index (DB), and the Calinski-Harabasz pseudo F-statistic (CH). The latter two were developed specifically for choosing the number of groups in a cluster analysis with a single observation per person, while the AIC was developed as a general model fit statistic. Few studies have used these criteria in the context of longitudinal data and no study has compared their efficacy. We found that the DB and CH fail to correctly identify the number of groups in the majority cases, while the AIC was better able to determine the correct number. Finally, as no study has examined the addition of a covariate to cluster analysis, we compare results of a cluster analysis when a covariate was taken into account to when it is ignored. When a covariate is both time-dependent and associated with the outcome, regardless of the magnitude of the association, it is important to take this variable into account in the analysis. If the covariate is associated only with the outcome and not time-dependent, depending on the magnitude of the association, it may be necessary to account for the covariate. In summary, we present methods for clustering trajectories, evaluate methods for determining the number of groups and determine the importance of adjusting for covariates in the cluster analysis of longitudinal data.
14
Youch, Daniel F. "Efficient calculation of earth penetrating projectile trajectories." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Sep%5FYouch.pdf.
Анотація:
Thesis (M.S. in Mechanical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Joshua Gordis. "September 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 101). Also available in print.
15
Fathollahi, Ghezelghieh Mona. "Estimation of Human Poses Categories and Physical Object Properties from Motion Trajectories." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6835.
Анотація:
Despite the impressive advancements in people detection and tracking, safety is still a key barrier to the deployment of autonomous vehicles in urban environments [1]. For example, in non-autonomous technology, there is an implicit communication between the people crossing the street and the driver to make sure they have communicated their intent to the driver. Therefore, it is crucial for the autonomous car to infer the future intent of the pedestrian quickly. We believe that human body orientation with respect to the camera can help the intelligent unit of the car to anticipate the future movement of the pedestrians. To further improve the safety of pedestrians, it is important to recognize whether they are distracted, carrying a baby, or pushing a shopping cart. Therefore, estimating the fine- grained 3D pose, i.e. (x,y,z)-coordinates of the body joints provides additional information for decision-making units of driverless cars.
In this dissertation, we have proposed a deep learning-based solution to classify the categorized body orientation in still images. We have also proposed an efficient framework based on our body orientation classification scheme to estimate human 3D pose in monocular RGB images.
Furthermore, we have utilized the dynamics of human motion to infer the body orientation in image sequences. To achieve this, we employ a recurrent neural network model to estimate continuous body orientation from the trajectories of body joints in the image plane.
The proposed body orientation and 3D pose estimation framework are tested on the largest 3D pose estimation benchmark, Human3.6m (both in still images and video), and we have proved the efficacy of our approach by benchmarking it against the state-of-the-art approaches.
Another critical feature of self-driving car is to avoid an obstacle. In the current prototypes the car either stops or changes its lane even if it causes other traffic disruptions. However, there are situations when it is preferable to collide with the object, for example a foam box, rather than take an action that could result in a much more serious accident than collision with the object. In this dissertation, for the first time, we have presented a novel method to discriminate between physical properties of these types of objects such as bounciness, elasticity, etc. based on their motion characteristics . The proposed algorithm is tested on synthetic data, and, as a proof of concept, its effectiveness on a limited set of real-world data is demonstrated.
16
Weed, Michael. "The anatomy of hyperbolic trajectories in the Gulf of Mexico." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 2.59 Mb., 169 p, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1432294.
17
Snider, Scott Michael. "Feedforward adjustment for scaled trajectories in control systems with simple non-linearities." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17521.
18
Petersamer, Matthias. "Prediction of motion trajectories based on motor imagery by a brain computer interface." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/11605.
Анотація:
The aim of this Master's Thesis was to develop a naturally controllable BCI that can predict
motion trajectories from the imagination of motor execution. The approach to reach this aim
was to nd a correlation between movement and brain data, which can subsequently be used
for the prediction of movement trajectories only by brain signals. To nd this correlation, an
experiment was carried out, in which a participant had to do triggered movements with its right
arm to four di erent targets. During the execution of the movements, the kinematic and EEG
data of the participant were recorded. After a preprocessing stage, the velocity of the kinematic
data in x and y directions, and the band power of the EEG data in di erent frequency ranges
were calculated and used as features for the calculation of the correlation by a multiple linear
regression. When applying the resulting regression parameter to predict trajectories from EEG
signals, the best accuracies were shown in the mu and low beta frequency range, as expected.
However, the accuracies were not as high as necessary for control of an application.El objetivo de esta Tesis de Maestría fue desarrollar un interfaz cerebro computador controlable naturalmente que pueda predecir trayectorias de movimiento imaginadas. El enfoque para alcanzar este objetivo fue encontrar una correlación entre el movimiento y los datos cerebrales que puedan ser utilizados posteriormente para la predicción de las trayectorias de movimiento sólo por medio de señales cerebrales. Para encontrar esta correlación, se realizó un experimento, en cual un participante tuvo que realizar movimientos desencadenados con su brazo derecho a cuatro puntos diferentes. Durante el examen de los movimientos, se registraron los datos cinemáticos y de EEG del participante. Después de una etapa de pre-procesamiento, se calcularon las velocidades en las direcciones x y y, de los datos cinemáticos, y la potencia de la banda, de los datos EEG en diferentes rangos de frecuencia, y se utilizaron como características para el cálculo de la correlación mediante con una regresión lineal múltiple. Al aplicar el parámetro de regresión resultante para predecir trayectorias a partir de señales de EEG, las mejores precisiones estuvieron en el rango de frecuencia mu e inferior en beta, como se esperaba. Sin embargo, los resultados no fueron suficientemente precisos como para usarlas para el control de una aplicación.
Tesis
19
Reed, Nick. "The visual perception of projectile trajectories and the guidance of interceptive behaviour." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ad880dbb-1016-4e30-a585-bb0f9ef253b1.
Анотація:
Experiments were conducted examining human interception of projectiles. It was found that fielders tend not maintain a linear optic trajectory (LOT) as advocated by McBeath, Shaffer, and Kaiser (1995) for interception in two-dimensions. Furthermore, it was shown that its curvature provided an ambiguous cue to action. New interception models were proposed based on optic acceleration cancellation (OAC) and the constant δ model significantly improved upon the performance of the LOT model. Awareness of interception strategy was investigated by questioning subjects about their angle of gaze variation during the ball flight. A lack of awareness of the critical information that guides interceptive behaviour was demonstrated. It is proposed that the information is stored implicitly, challenging the position of Shanks and St. John (1994). Subjects were asked to discriminate the visual information that they experienced before running to catch real balls to examine the validity of experiments that test human ability to discriminate the acceleration of simulated trajectories. Discriminative performance found to remain high even when the duration of viewed information is reduced. This intact discriminative ability led to the suggestion that trajectory discrimination occurs very rapidly after ball launch. The movement and gaze angle of fielders running to catch under conditions in which OAC cannot be sustained was analysed. Subjects showed little deviation from the strategy until the final moments of the catch. The overall conclusion to the thesis is that subjects react rapidly to the optic acceleration of a projectile to determine interceptive behaviour but may not be aware of the sensory basis of their decision and use an approximate version of the constant δ strategy to reach the interception point.
20
Taqi, Sarah M. A. M. "Reproduction of Observed Trajectories Using a Two-Link Robot." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1308031627.
21
Clayton, Sarah Elisabeth. "Tracking, analysis and measurement of pedestrian trajectories." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2016. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/452997.
Анотація:
Pedestrian movement is unconstrained. For this reason it is not amenable to mathematical modelling in the same way as road trac. Individual pedestrians are notoriously difficult to monitor at a microscopic level. This has led to a lack of primary data that can be used to develop reliable models. Although video surveillance is cheap to install and operate, video data is extremely expensive to process for this purpose. An alternative approach is to use passive infrared detectors that are able to track individuals unobtrusively. This thesis describesthe use of a low cost infrared sensor for use in tracking pedestrians. The sensor itself, manufactured by a British company, is designed to count people crossing an arbitrary datum line. However, with the development of additional software, the functionality of these sensors can be extended beyond their original design specication. This allows the trajectories of individual pedestrians to be tracked. Although the field of view of each sensor is relatively small (44 m), five were deployed in a busy indoor corridor, covering most of its length. In this research, the technical challenges involved in using the sensors in this way are addressed. Statistics derived from the data collected are then compared to other studies at this scale.
22
Oztekin, Kaan. "Textured Motion Analysis." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606795/index.pdf.
Анотація:
Textured motion - generally known as dynamic or temporal texture - is a popular research area for synthesis, segmentation and recognition. Dynamic texture is a spatially repetitive, time-varying visual pattern that forms an image sequence with certain temporal stationarity. In dynamic texture, the notion of self-similarity central to conventional image texture is extended to the spatiotemporal domain. Dynamic textures are typically videos of processes, such as waves, smoke, fire, a flag blowing in the wind, a moving escalator, or a walking crowd. Creation of synthetic frames is a key issue especially for movie screen industry to enrich their scenes from a white screen into a shining reality. In robotics world, for example an autonomous vehicle must decide what is traversable terrain (e.g. grass) and what is not (e.g. water). This problem can be addressed by classifying portions of the image into a number of categories, for instance grass, dirt, bushes or water. If these parts are identifiable, then segmentation and recognition of these textures results with an efficient path planning for the autonomous vehicle. In this thesis, we aimed to characterize these textured motions like mentioned above. We tried to implement several known techniques and compared the results.
23
Jin, Ning. "Human motion analysis." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2007. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/804406/.
24
MISHRA, OM. "HUMAN MOTION ANALYSIS." Thesis, DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, 2020. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/18772.
Анотація:
Human motion analysis in the video has its vast application. The recognition of the human action is the most prominent application of human motion analysis. In this research we analyzed different methodologies for modeling human action. We also discussed challenges and methodologies which are used to handle them. These methodologies are divided into two categories. One is global feature descriptor and other is local feature descriptors. The disadvantage of the global feature descriptor is that they can only give the shape information but fails to give motion information. The local feature descriptors are used to find out the motion information of the action video. The disadvantage is that it cannot give the shape or structure information of the action video. The hybrid descriptors are used to solve these problems but these descriptors suffer from high dimensionality features. In this research we proposed new feature descriptors which are capable to deal with these issues in the following manner:
1) We proposed a new local descriptor evaluated from the Finite Element Analysis for human action recognition. This local descriptor represents the distinctive human poses in the form of the stiffness matrix. This stiffness matrix gives the information of motion as well as shape change of the human body while performing an action. Initially, the human body is represented in the silhouette form. Most prominent points of the silhouette are then selected. This silhouette is discretized into several finite small triangle faces (elements) where the prominent points of the boundaries are the vertices of the triangles. The stiffness matrix of each triangle is then calculated. The feature vector representing the action video
iii
frame is constructed by combining all stiffness matrices of all possible triangles. These feature vectors are given to the Radial Basis Function-Support Vector Machine (RBF-SVM) classifier. The proposed method shows its superiority over other existing state-of-the-art methods on the challenging datasets Weizmann, KTH, Ballet, and IXMAS.
2) Background cluttering, appearance change due to variation in viewpoint and occlusion are the prominent hurdles that can reduce the recognition rate significantly. Methodologies based on Bag-of-visual-words are very popular because they do not require accurate background subtraction. But the main disadvantage with these methods is that they do not retain the geometrical structural information of the clusters that they form. As a result, they show intra-class mismatching. Furthermore, these methods are very sensitive to noise. Addition of noise in the cluster also results in the misclassification of the action. To overcome these problems we proposed a new approach based on modified Bag-of-visual-word. Proposed methodology retains the geometrical structural information of the cluster based on the calculation of contextual distance among the points of the cluster. Normally contextual distance based on Euclidean measure cannot deal with the noise but in the proposed methodology contextual distance is calculated on the basis of a difference between the contributions of cluster points to maintain its geometrical structure. Later directed graphs of all clusters are formed and these directed graphs are described by the Laplacian. Then the feature vectors representing Laplacian are fed to the Radial Basis Function based Support Vector Machine (RBF-SVM) classifier.
iv
3) We also proposed a new feature descriptor to detect abnormality in a video captured for surveillance applications in real-time and also overcome the problem of the curse of dimensionality. To extract features related to any change in the video, non linear Gaussian fuzzy lattice functions have been applied on each frame of the video which results in the formation of fuzzy lattices. These fuzzy lattices have been expressed in the form of Schrödinger equation to find the kinetic energy involved corresponding to any change in the video. A number of the fuzzy lattice has been used as a dimension of the feature. It reduces the dimensionality significantly as compared to other state-of-the-art methods. Finally, the kinetic energy parameter is classified into normal and abnormal activities with the help of SVM-based classifier.
25
Turner, Elizabeth 1978. "Analysis of prostate specific antigen "trajectories" : statistical challenges." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29483.
Анотація:
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) is a biochemical marker used to monitor prostate cancer following treatment. We have analyzed serial PSA data for a cohort of men who underwent radical surgery for prostate cancer in the early 1990s. We first describe the development of a statistical model that reflects the characteristics of these data. It accommodates, via a mixture model with constrained parameters, two sub-populations of men who are and are not cured, along with the biologic pattern in the latter. We then describe how we fit this model using Gibbs Sampling. We describe how the output can be converted into parameters of interest to patients and their physicians.
26
Dey, Arkajit. "Hidden Markov model analysis of subcellular particle trajectories." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66307.
Анотація:
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2011.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-73).
How do proteins, vesicles, or other particles within a cell move? Do they diffuse randomly or ow in a particular direction? Understanding how subcellular particles move in a cell will reveal fundamental principles of cell biology and biochemistry, and is a necessary prerequisite to synthetically engineering such processes. We investigate the application of several variants of hidden Markov models (HMMs) to analyzing the trajectories of such particles. And we compare the performance of our proposed algorithms with traditional approaches that involve fitting a mean square displacement (MSD) curve calculated from the particle trajectories. Our HMM algorithms are shown to be more accurate than existing MSD algorithms for heterogeneous trajectories which switch between multiple phases of motion.
by Arkajit Dey.
M.Eng.
27
Barban, Nicola. "Essays on sequence analysis for life course trajectories." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3421549.
Анотація:
The thesis is articulated in three chapters in which I explore methodological aspects of sequence analysis for life course studies and I present some empirical analyses. In the first chapter, I study the reliability of two holistic methods used in life-course methodology. Using simulated data, I compare the goodness of classification of Latent Class Analysis and Sequence Analysis techniques. I first compare the consistency of the classification obtained via the two techniques using an actual dataset on the life course trajectories of young adults. Then, I adopt a simulation approach to measure the ability of these two methods to correctly classify groups of life course trajectories when specific forms of “random” variability are introduced within pre-specified classes in an artificial datasets. In order to do so, I introduce simulation operators that have a life course and/or obser- vational meaning. In the second chapter, I propose a method to study the heterogeneity in life course trajectories. Using a non parametric approach, I evaluate the association between Optimal Matching distances and a set of categorical variables. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add-Health), I study the hetero- geneity of early family trajectories in young women. In particular, I investigate if the OM distances can be partially explained by family characteristics and geographical context experienced during adolescence. The statistical methodology is a generalization of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) to any metric measure. In the last chapter, I present an application of sequence analysis. Using family transitions from Wave I to Wave IV of Add-health, I investigate the association between life trajectories and health outcomes at Wave IV. In particular, I am interested in exploring how differences in timing, quantum and order of family formation transitions are connected to self-reported health, depres- sion and risky behaviors in young women. Using lagged-value regression models, I take into account selection and the effect of confounding variables.La tesi è articolata in tre sezioni distinte in cui vengono afffrontati sia aspetti metodologici che analisi empiriche riguardanti l’analisi delle sequenze per lo studio del corso di vita. Nel primo capitolo, viene presentato un confronto tra due metodi olistici per lo studio del corso di vita. Usando dati simulati, si confronta la bontà di classificazione ottenuta con modelli di classi latenti e tecniche di analisi delle sequenze. Le simulazioni sono effettuate introducendo errori di tipo stocastico in gruppi omogenei di traiettorie. Nel secondo capitolo, si propone di studiare l’eterogeneità nei percorsi di vita familiare. Usando un approccio nonparametrico, viene valutata l’associazione tra le distanze ottenute tramite l’algoritmo di Optimal Matching ed un insieme di variabili categoriche. Usando i dati provenienti dall’indagine National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add-Health), si studia l’eterogeneità nei percorsi di formazione familiare di un campione di giovani donne statunitensi. La metodologia statistica proposta è una generalizzazione dell’analisi della varianza (ANOVA) . Nell’ultimo capitolo, si presenta un’applicazione dell’analisi delle sequenze per dati longitudinali. Usando i dati sulla transizione alla famiglia dalla prima alla quarta rilevazione nell’indagine Add-Health, vengono studiate le associazioni tra transizioni familiari e diversi indicatori di salute. In particolare, viene studiato come alcune caratteristiche legate alle transizioni familiari (timing, quantum, sequencing) siano associate allo stato generale di salute, depressione e comportamenti a rischio. La selezione e l’effetto di variabili confondenti sono prese in considerazione nell’analisi.
28
Gotardo, Paulo Fabiano Urnau. "Modeling Smooth Time-Trajectories for Camera and Deformable Shape in Structure from Motion with Occlusion." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1280941484.
29
Jawad, Ahmed [Verfasser]. "Analysis of trajectories by preserving structural information / Ahmed Jawad." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2012. http://d-nb.info/104408118X/34.
30
Slator, Paddy. "Characterising cell membrane heterogeneity through analysis of particle trajectories." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/79961/.
Анотація:
Single particle tracking (SPT) trajectories are fundamentally stochastic, which makes the extraction of robust biological conclusions difficult. This is especially the case when trying to detect heterogeneous movement of molecules in the plasma membrane. This heterogeneity could be due to a number of biophysical processes such as: receptor clustering, traversing lipid microdomains or cytoskeletal barriers. Working in a Bayesian framework, we developed multiple hidden Markov models for heterogeneity, such as confinement in a harmonic potential well, switching between diffusion coefficients, and diffusion in a fenced environment (or "hop" diffusion). We implement these models using a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methodology, developing algorithms that infer model parameters and hidden states from single trajectories. We also calculate model selection statistics, to determine the most likely model given the trajectory. For LFA-1 receptors diffusing on T cells we show that 12-26% of trajectories display clear switching between diffusive states, depending on treatment. We also demonstrated that allowing for measurement noise is essential, as otherwise false detection of heterogeneity may be observed. Analysis of the motion of GM1 lipids bound to the cholera toxin B subunit (CTxB) in model membranes confirmed transient confinement. On this dataset we also demonstrated a clear signature in the confinement shape for individual tagging molecules, and showed that confinement events are not exponentially distributed. Finally, we developed an algorithm which detects hopping diffusion, validating on simulated data. Rather than methods which rely on generic properties of Brownian motions, our approach allows us to test which biophysical model best fits a trajectory. Using a model-based approach we can also extract biophysical parameters, segment trajectories into different motion states, and hence analyse particle motion in high detail. With the continuing improvement in spatial and temporal resolution of trajectories, these methods will be important for biological interpretation of SPT experiments.
31
Wong, Wai-ning Kris. "Lumbar spinal motion analysis." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36611773.
32
Wong, Wai-ning Kris, and 黃偉寧. "Lumbar spinal motion analysis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36611773.
33
MORO, MATTEO. "Markerless Human Motion Analysis." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1080400.
Анотація:
Measuring and understanding human motion is crucial in several domains,
ranging from neuroscience, to rehabilitation and sports biomechanics. Quantitative
information about human motion is fundamental to study how our
Central Nervous System controls and organizes movements to functionally
evaluate motor performance and deficits. In the last decades, the research in
this field has made considerable progress. State-of-the-art technologies that
provide useful and accurate quantitative measures rely on marker-based systems.
Unfortunately, markers are intrusive and their number and location must
be determined a priori. Also, marker-based systems require expensive laboratory
settings with several infrared cameras. This could modify the naturalness
of a subject’s movements and induce discomfort. Last, but not less important,
they are computationally expensive in time and space. Recent advances on
markerless pose estimation based on computer vision and deep neural networks
are opening the possibility of adopting efficient video-based methods
for extracting movement information from RGB video data. In this contest,
this thesis presents original contributions to the following objectives: (i) the
implementation of a video-based markerless pipeline to quantitatively characterize
human motion; (ii) the assessment of its accuracy if compared with
a gold standard marker-based system; (iii) the application of the pipeline to
different domains in order to verify its versatility, with a special focus on the
characterization of the motion of preterm infants and on gait analysis. With
the proposed approach we highlight that, starting only from RGB videos and
leveraging computer vision and machine learning techniques, it is possible to
extract reliable information characterizing human motion comparable to that
obtained with gold standard marker-based systems.
34
Elbadramany, Iman K. "Towards calibration of optical flow of crowd videos using observed trajectories." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4889.
Анотація:
The Particle Image Velocimetry optical flow algorithm had better correspondence with the velocity vectors of manually tracked crowd members than results obtained using the Lukas-Kanade method. Here, also, it was found that 40x40 pixel cells were better than 15x15. A second attempt at quantifying the correlation between optical flow and actual crowd member velocities was studied using simulations. Two processes were researched, which utilized geometrical correction of the perspective distortion of the crowd videos. One process geometrically corrects the video, and then obtains optical flow data. The other obtains optical flow data from video, and then geometrically corrects the data. The results indicate that the first process worked better. Correlation was calculated between sets of data obtained from the average of twenty frames. This was found to be higher than calculating correlations between the velocities of cells in each pair of frames. An experiment was carried out to predict crowd tracks using optical flow and a calculated parameter, beta, seems to give promising results.; The need exists for finding a quantitative method for validating crowd simulations. One approach is to use optical flow of videos of real crowds to obtain velocities that can be used for comparison to simulations. Optical flow, in turn, needs to be calibrated to be useful. It is essential to show that optical flow velocities obtained from crowd videos can be mapped into the spatially averaged velocities of the observed trajectories of crowd members, and to quantify the extent of the correlation of the results. This research investigates methods to uncover the best conditions for a good correlation between optical flow and the average motion of individuals in crowd videos, with the aim that this will help in the quantitative validation of simulations. The first approach was to use a simple linear proportionality relation, with a single coefficient, alpha, between velocity vector of the optical flow and observed velocity of crowd members in a video or simulation. Since there are many variables that affect alpha, an attempt was made to find the best possible conditions for determining alpha, by varying experimental and optical flow settings. The measure of a good alpha was chosen to be that alpha does not vary excessively over a number of video frames. Best conditions of low coefficient of variation of alpha using the Lucas-Kanade optical flow algorithm were found to be when a larger aperture of 15x15 pixels was used, combined with a smaller threshold. Adequate results were found at cell size 40x40 pixels; the improvement in detecting details when smaller cells are used did not reduce the variability of alpha, and required much more computing power. Reduction in variability of alpha can be obtained by spreading the tracked location of a crowd member from a pixel into a rectangle.ID: 030423090; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 104-108).
M.S.
Masters
Sciences
Modeling and Simulation
35
Xiao, Zhidong. "Motion capture based motion analysis and motion synthesis for human-like character animation." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2009. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/14590/.
Анотація:
Motion capture technology is recognised as a standard tool in the computer animation pipeline. It provides detailed movement for animators; however, it also introduces problems and brings concerns for creating realistic and convincing motion for character animation. In this thesis, the post-processing techniques are investigated that result in realistic motion generation. Anumber of techniques are introduced that are able to improve the quality of generated motion from motion capture data, especially when integrating motion transitions from different motion clips. The presented motion data reconstruction technique is able to build convincing realistic transitions from existing motion database, and overcome the inconsistencies introduced by traditional motion blending techniques. It also provides a method for animators to re-use motion data more efficiently. Along with the development of motion data transition reconstruction, the motion capture data mapping technique was investigated for skeletal movement estimation. The per-frame based method provides animators with a real-time and accurate solution for a key post-processing technique. Although motion capture systems capture physically-based motion for character animation, no physical information is included in the motion capture data file. Using the knowledge of biomechanics and robotics, the relevant information for the captured performer are able to be abstracted and a mathematical-physical model are able to be constructed; such information is then applied for physics-based motion data correction whenever the motion data is edited.
36
Clò, Clarissa. "Italy in the world and the world in Italy : tracing alternative cultural trajectories /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3100380.
37
Aksu, tIbrahim. "Performance analysis of image motion analysis algorithms." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/28443.
38
Melander, Helen. "Trajectories of Learning : Embodied Interaction in Change." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-100680.
Анотація:
This dissertation is about learning as changing understanding in social and situated activities. It takes part in the development of a reconceptualization of learning initiated within participationist perspectives. Multiparty interaction in situated activities is a primordial site for the exploration of human action and cognition. Through the theoretical framework of Conversation Analysis (CA), a method for the analysis and description of trajectories of learning is proposed. Departing from a view of learning, interaction, and cognition as closely related, learning is argued as gradually changing understanding in situated activities. The empirical material consists of video recordings from an elementary school and pilot training. The recordings are analyzed using CA methods, including detailed attention to embodied features of interaction. The analyses focus the development of trajectories of learning through the participants’ orientations. The trajectories are based on topicalizations and co-constructions of contents of learning, where interactional organization and content are interrelated. Participants are shown to make relevant relations between past, present, and future actions and material settings, and their ways of aligning and resisting participation and change are explored. A framework for the analysis of learning as embodied interaction in change is developed. The dissertation shows the fruitfulness of CA work for the understanding of learning processes. The results underline the importance of including embodied action, as constitutive of the co-constructions of contents, into learning studies. The value of highlighting learning as co-construction and of anchoring the analyses in the participants’ orientations is underscored. The results further the understanding of how people learn, and of how they make relevant knowledge and experiences in activity. The understanding of learning and change as action, which can be initiated, aligned with and resisted, opens up for future developments within CA, where learning researchers might be able to describe more precisely how human learning is constituted.
39
Seiz, Puyuelo Marta. "Male unpaid work and female employment trajectories : a dynamic analysis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/145499.
Анотація:
This thesis analyzes whether there is an interdependence, at the intra-couple level,
between men’s housework and childcare participation and women’s employment and
economic position. The first empirical paper examines to what extent men’s domestic
involvement responds to variations in their own and their partner circumstances. The
second paper looks into the influence of male domestic effort on the female partners’
propensity to exit the labour market or leave full-time work after marriage and
childbirth. The third paper, finally, assesses whether fathers’ domestic inputs affect
mothers’ earnings trajectories. The analysis draws on longitudinal data from the
German Socio-economic Panel (SOEP, 1984-2009). The findings obtained indicate that
men’s household involvement is responsive to shifts in their partners’ relative resources
and dedication to paid work. At the same time, men’s domestic participation makes it
easier for their partners to maintain an intense employment dedication, which also
reduces the economic penalty experienced after motherhood.Esta tesis analiza si hay una relación de interdependencia, a nivel de la pareja, entre la participación de los hombres en tareas domésticas y de cuidado y la posición laboral y económica de las mujeres. El primer artículo empírico examina hasta qué punto la implicación de los hombres en el trabajo doméstico se modifica a raíz de variaciones en las circunstancias de éstos y de sus parejas. El segundo artículo investiga qué influencia ejerce la participación masculina en este tipo de tareas sobre la probabilidad de que las mujeres abandonen el mercado de trabajo o el empleo a tiempo completo tras el matrimonio y los nacimientos. El tercer artículo, por último, estudia si el tiempo invertido por los padres en el trabajo doméstico y de cuidado afecta a las trayectorias de ingresos de las madres. El análisis está basado en datos longitudinales del panel socioeconómico alemán (SOEP, 1984-2009). Los resultados obtenidos indican que la implicación masculina en la esfera doméstica es sensible a variaciones de los recursos relativos y la dedicación laboral de sus parejas. Al mismo tiempo, la participación de los hombres en tareas domésticas y de cuidado facilita el mantenimiento de una dedicación intensa por parte de sus parejas al empleo, lo que también contribuye a reducir las penalizaciones económicas que éstas experimentan a raíz de la maternidad.
40
Eerland, Willem Johannis. "Applications of uncertainty quantification in the spatial analysis of trajectories." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/416084/.
Анотація:
This dissertation looks at analysing security threats via passively guided rocket based weapons of important infrastructure, e.g., airports, military bases, and power stations. It also examines the vulnerability of flight routes, specifically near the airport where the aircraft fly at a relatively low altitude. A key component of the applications presented in this dissertation is quantifying uncertainty, such that scenarios where deviations from a plan occur can be analysed and associated risks can be mitigated. First, a method is proposed to capture motion patterns found in trajectory data. To achieve this, all data are assumed to be generated from a probabilistic model that takes the shape of a Gaussian process. By relying on the Gaussian process framework, the method is able to handle noisy and missing trajectory data. Aircraft trajectory data measured in the vicinity of various airports are analysed via the proposed method. In these examples, flight corridors are visualised and the probability of conflict based on the structure of the corridors is quantified. Furthermore, a strategy aimed at performing the large scale analysis of security risks via a terrain map is introduced. This strategy has shown to improve the detection rate of security threats by at least 20% and detect all risky locations in half the time compared to a brute-force approach. Finally, an open-source stochastic, six-degrees-of-freedom rocket flight simulator is introduced. This simulator assists with the conceptual design of sounding rockets, and produces confidence bounds for a landing location. The uncertainty quantification of the landing location is expanded to the entire flight by capturing the produced (by the simulator) trajectory data in a probabilistic model via the proposed method. These applications lead towards a data driven approach to the analysis of security risks of important infrastructure.
41
Marchetty, Srikanth. "Analysis Of Rockfall Trajectories And Evaluation Of Concrete Barrier Efficiency." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1431019028.
42
Groves, James O. "Small signal analysis of nonlinear systems with periodic operating trajectories." Diss., This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-162614/.
43
Fierling, Yannick P. H. "Analysis of fiber-reinforced composite plates utilizing curvilinear fiber trajectories." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01312009-063412/.
44
Pedersen, Emil Aasland. "Motion analysis of Semi-Submersible." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for marin teknikk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-19419.
Анотація:
In this thesis the response variables (RAOs) of a semi submersible unit are inspected. Both operational and survival condition as well as a shallow draft are inspected. The survival condition is inspected with respect to an element analysis. And both operational- and shallow draft condition are case studies, where the operational condition is inspected for two different damage cases. The unit in question is a four column semi submersible, based on the GG5000 design. This is a relatively new design, and the first vessel to get this design is in its final engineering stage. Construction start is planned to be in August this year (2012). This unit will get the name COSLProspector and will be built in CIMC Yantai Raffles shipyard in China.The unit is symmetrical about the centre line and close to symmetrical about the vertical transverse plane, only pontoon tips are different. Because of this, no significant simplifications have been necessary in order to simplify the calculation due to computational time. Another reason for not doing any simplifications to the geometry is due to the fact that the results are desired to be the most realistic. However, to reduce computational time, only half the unit has been modelled due to symmetry about centre line.To find the appropriate element size for the mesh, an element analysis has been carried out. The results from this analysis resulted in a chosen element size of 2.5m. This element size both gives accurate results, and requires a relatively short computational time. The units’ resonance periods has been investigated, and verified by help of hand calculations and comparison with RAOs done by Global Maritime (2011). However not all the values were identical to each other, but many factors can influence on that result. The GM value was not changed in this thesis, but was in Global Maritime (2011), in addition the additional damping was in this thesis taken as 3% of critical damping, while in Global Maritime (2011), Morrison elements were taken into account. These factors, and perhaps a few shortenings are assumed to be the reason for the small difference in the responses, they are however small differences for most of the periods.Two damage cases have been modelled by flooding two different water ballast tanks. These damages will give an angle of list for the unit. Damage case 1 gives an angle of list of 13.18o with a rotation of heel axis of 7o forward. Damage case 2 gives a list angle of 11.68o with a rotation of the heel axis of 39o forward. An earlier study like this one is done by Henriksen (2011), found in Grenland Groups internal archive. AQWA does not give out the tilt angles in damage cases as this is not the main purpose of this program. Therefore, the list angles for the different cases have been obtained from the report done by Henriksen (2011). However, AQWA will be used to obtain the RAOs for both cases, as well as confirm floating equilibrium in such conditions.It is assumed that the tanks are completely emptied for air, and that seawater is filling the entire volume. A table showing the different tanks flooded and its weight with seawater is shown in table 1.UnitVolume [m3]Sea water weight [MT]BWT ST-2692.51709.82BWT ST-8616.83632.25Table 1: Weight of water for flooded tanksWhen it comes to the RAOs in the damage cases, they are very hard to read. This is mainly due to the fact that the motions in these cases are highly dependent on each other due to coupled motions. Due to an angle of list, the unit is no longer symmetric. As a consequence of this a RAO for a specific degree of freedom can no longer be read like it is only this degree of freedom which is affecting the responses, but one or more of the other degrees of freedom are strongly influencing. This makes some of the peaks appear where not normally expected.It is also noticeable that the highest motions are encountered for damage case 1, which is natural because this case has the highest list angle. The resonance periods are lower in the damage cases compared to the normal operational condition, however not to a degree which is dangerously low. The lowest resonance period is still in heave.From the RAOs in the shallow draft case, it can be noticed that the highest responses in heave are encountered for the shallow condition (14.5m) compared to the survival condition (15.5m) and operational condition (17.5m), however only up to about 18s, where after that it has the smallest response, and the operational condition has the highest.In roll and pitch the trends are fairly similar. The graphs are a little uneven until the first cancellation period, and then the shallow draft gives a higher response until reaching the resonance period. In the resonance region, the operational condition has the highest response for both roll and pitch, same as for the heave.As a conclusion, the optimal approach in a situation where the unit is heavily tilted is to try to ballast the unit to an even keel. But of course risks of doing this are a possibility, such as slamming problems and the fact that the resonance periods will be shorter.
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Gardner, Warren F. "Constraints for robust motion analysis." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/9176.
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Tresadern, Phil. "Visual analysis of articulated motion." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436970.
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Chan, Chee Seng. "Fuzzy qualitative human motion analysis." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.494009.
Анотація:
Human motion analysis is a very important task for computer vision with a spectrum of potential applications. This thesis presents a novel approach to the problem of human motion understanding. The main contribution of the thesis is that fuzzy qualitative description has been developed for studying human motion from image sequences.
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Dobie, Mark Ralph. "Motion analysis in multimedia systems." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359240.
49
Edmison, Joshua Nathaniel. "Electronic Textiles for Motion Analysis." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9978.
Анотація:
The union of electronics and textiles to form electronic textiles (e-textiles) provides a promising substrate upon which motion analysis applications can be developed and implemented. Familiarity with clothing allows sensors and computational elements to be naturally integrated into garments such that wearability and usability is preserved. The dynamics of the human body and the wide variety of sensor and processing choices render the typical prototype-based design methodology prohibitively difficult and expensive. Simulation of e-textile systems not only reduces these problems but allows for thorough exploration of the design space, faster design cycles, and more robust applications. Gait analysis, the measurement of various body motion parameters during walking for medical purposes, and context awareness, the recognition of user motions, are two immediate applications that e-textiles can impact and emphasize the feasibility of e-textiles as a medium for sensor deployment on the human body. This thesis presents the design of a simulation environment for wearable e-textile systems and demonstrates the use of the simulation via a prototype pair of e-textile pants.Master of Science
50
Teixeira, Euler da Cunha Francisco. "Motion analysis of clarinet performers." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-9UJRW7.
Анотація:
Musical expressiveness is a concept that is difficult to formalise by objective data and its analysis usually relies on some sort of subjective evaluation. Today there is a growing interest in methods and cues used to extract, quantify, analyse and synthesise these expressive intentions. This have been done mainly through the audio analysis of music performances, identifying the acoustical parameters capable of describing their expressive content. This study expands acoustical analysis methods for investigating musicians expressive intentions, incorporating information about their body movements during musical performances. It presents a method to define and analyse the physical gestures executed by the musicians while playing their instruments, and to extract motion parameters that can be objectively related to their expressive intentions and to the musical structure. The gesture consistency of 13 clarinetists is evaluated during several performances, establishing an objective relation between their expressive gestural patterns and the music structure of two selected excerpts, by Mozart and Brahms. A method is defined to represent, segment and analyse the patterns of recurrence on motion data during musical performances. Recurrent physical gestures were extracted during clarinet performances and analysed based on gestural features, comparing different musicians, musical passages and experimental conditions. Results indicate recurrent sequences of clarinet gestures in regions of the excerpts that were shown to be related to key musical moments. A corresponding analysis is conducted over the acoustical data, searching for related parametrical patterns that could validate the results of the motion analysis. The information obtained can be used to define an integrated method to parametrise and quantify the expressive intentions of musicians. This method could be incorporated to musical synthesis, recognition, analysis and teaching systems, or used in theoretical studies in musicology, human cognition and physiology, ultimately defining a musical meaning for the physical gestures of musicians during their performances.A expressividade musical é um conceito difícil de ser formalizado com base em dados objetivos e sua análise geralmente depende de algum tipo de avaliação subjetiva. Atualmente há uma crescente busca por métodos e descritores capazes de extrair, quantificar, analisar e sintetizar essas intenções expressivas. Isso vem sendo feito principalmente através da análise de áudio das execuções musicais, identificando os parâmetros acústicos capazes de descrever o seu conteúdo expressivo. Esse estudo expande os métodos de análise acústica para a investigação das intenções expressivas dos músicos, incorporando informações sobre seus movimentos corporais durante as execuções musicais. Uma metodologia é proposta para a definição e a análise dos gestos físicos realizados por eles ao tocarem, e para a extração de parâmetros de movimento que possam ser relacionados objetivamente às suas intenções expressivas e à estrutura musical. A consistência gestual de 13 clarinetistas é avaliada durante diversas execuções musicais, estabelecendo uma relação objetiva entre seus padrões gestuais expressivos e a estrutura musical de dois excertos de Mozart e Brahms. Um método é definido para representar, segmentar e analisar os padrões de recorrência nos dados de movimento das execuções. Gestos físicos recorrentes foram extraídos durante execuções de clarineta e analisados com base em parâmetros gestuais, comparando diferentes músicos, passagens musicais e condições experimentais. Os resultados indicam sequências recorrentes de gestos de clarineta em regiões dos excertos relacionadas a momentos de alta relevância musical. Uma análise correspondente é conduzida sobre os dados acústicos, buscando padrões paramétricos relacionados, capazes de validar os resultados da análise de movimento. As informações obtidas podem ser usadas para definir um método integrado de parametrização e quantificação das intenções expressivas dos músicos. Esse método pode ser incorporado a sistemas de síntese, reconhecimento, ensino e análise de música, ou utilizado em estudos teóricos nas áreas de musicologia, cognição e fisiologia humanas, possibilitando a definição de um significado musical para os gestos físicos de músicos durante execuções musicais.