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Статті в журналах з теми "Analyses métabolomiques"
Junot, C. "Les analyses métabolomiques et leur apport en endocrinologie." Annales d'Endocrinologie 77, no. 4 (September 2016): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2016.07.992.
Повний текст джерелаRichard, M., E. Lhomme, A. Rechtien, Z. Zhang, B. Hejblum, T. Hankemeier, M. Altfeld, R. Thiébaut, M. Bunders, and L. Richert. "Analyses longitudinales de données métabolomiques de grande dimension en recherche clinique : étude de la dynamique du métabolome après vaccination contre la fièvre jaune." Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 69 (June 2021): S46—S47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2021.04.074.
Повний текст джерелаOrlhac, F., O. Humbert, T. Pourcher, L. Jing, J. M. Guigonis, J. Darcourt, N. Ayache, and C. Bouveyron. "Analyse statistique de données radiomiques et métabolomiques : prédiction des lésions mammaires triple-négatives." Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 66 (May 2018): S180—S181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2018.03.307.
Повний текст джерелаSigaux, J., C. Junot, M. C. Boissier, M. Petit, M. Breckler, F. Castelli, F. Fenaille, P. H. Roméo, and L. Semerano. "Analyse métabolomique du globule rouge dans la polyarthrite rhumatoïde récente avant et après traitement par méthotrexate." Revue du Rhumatisme 87 (December 2020): A26—A27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rhum.2020.10.040.
Повний текст джерелаOrlhac, F., C. Bouveyron, T. Pourcher, L. Jing, J. M. Guigonis, J. Darcourt, N. Ayache, and O. Humbert. "Identification des cancers mammaires triple-négatifs : analyse statistique de variables radiomiques issues des images TEP et de variables métabolomiques." Médecine Nucléaire 42, no. 3 (May 2018): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mednuc.2018.03.096.
Повний текст джерелаCapel, F., V. Bongard, C. Malpuech-Brugère, E. Karoly, G. Michelotti, J. P. Rigaudière, C. Jouve, J. Ferrieres, C. Marmonier, and J. L. Sebedio. "Analyse des relations entre la consommation de produits laitiers et le syndrome métabolique chez l’homme par métabolomique." Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme 33, no. 1 (March 2019): 60–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nupar.2019.01.332.
Повний текст джерелаGonzález-Ruiz, V., J. Pezzatti, F. Jeanneret, D. Tonoli, J. Sandström, F. Monnet-Tschudi, J. Boccard, and S. Rudaz. "Analyse métabolomique non ciblée de la neuroinflammation induite dans des cultures 3D humaines assistée par la chimiométrie." Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique 30, no. 2 (June 2018): S31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxac.2018.04.030.
Повний текст джерелаKarbowiak, Thomas, Julie Chanut, Kevin Crouvisier-Urion, Aurélie Lagorce, Jordi Ballester, André Geoffroy, Chloé Roullier-Gall, Régis D. Gougeon, Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin, and Jean-Pierre Bellat. "Le vieillissement du vin : une question d’obturation ?" IVES Technical Reviews, vine and wine, March 31, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/ives-tr.2021.4652.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Analyses métabolomiques"
Roullier-Gall, Chloé. "Analyses métabolomiques du vin : "chemical messages in a bottle"." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS080/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe main objective of this work was to develop non-targeted metabolomics analyses of bottled wines in order to decipher chemical informations from the time-related evolution of their composition. This original research was based on the hypothesis that, when analyzed, bottled wines would still hold chemical memories of envionmental parameters (vineyard management, oenological practices, climate, terroir…) at the moment of their elaboration, even after several years of ageing. A second hypothesis was that in order to anticipate the future evolution of the wine quality in terms of chemical composition, it is necessary to know what it was in the past. To that purpose, and for the first time in wine science, Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance – Mass Spectrometry (FTICR-MS), Liquid Chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-ToF-MS), Excitation Emission Matrix Fluorescence (EEMF) and multivariate statistics were used in combination. Methodological develoments revealed the advantage of coupling exact mass measurements by FTICR-MS to isomeric discrimination by UPLC-Q-ToF-MS in order to extend the range of detectable metabolites. Such tools were applied to the identification of ageing markers in vertical series of red and white wines from Burgundy, including very old wines (unknown vintages) considered as evolution end points, thus introducing the concept of verticalomics. The characterization of series of white wines from Burgundy (Chardonnay) revealed that chemical spaces specifically related to eonological practices (SO2 addition at pressing, settling level, and permeability of the stopper) could indeed be deciphered although the vintage signatures were confirmed to be the most significant. Similar experiments on Champagne wines (Chardonnay, and blends of Chardonnay, Pinot noir and Pinot Meunier) after the "prise de mousse" and the ageing "sur lattes" further highlighted the hormesis effect associated with the oxygenation of wine. Finally, non-targeted analyses of series of grape extracts and corresponding wines from different appelations – though elaborated by the same winemaker – revealed that terroir-related signatures could be indeed read in wines, in particular after a few years of bottle ageing. Altogether our results provide an unprecedented comprehensive description of the chemical composition of wine and its modification through ageing
Conan, Cécile. "Metabolomics investigations of seaweed extracts used as plant growth biostimulants and transcriptomic studies of their physiological effects on A. thaliana." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066760.
Повний текст джерелаTo further develop a sustainable agriculture, new bio-solutions include the use of biostimulants such as seaweed aqueous extracts to improve plant growth or/and alleviate the effect of biotic and abiotic stress. These commercial products aim to improve plant nutrition, in order to impact yield and quality parameters. In this domain, some modes of action have been proposed by the Goëmar-Arysta R&D center. However, the bioactive ingredients have not been identified so far, using classical methods of bioassay-guided fractionation. Therefore, their mechanisms of action remain also elusive. The aim of this thesis project was first to identify, using a strategy of metabolomic profiling of seaweed extracts, the bioactive compounds responsible for plant growth stimulation. The 1H-NMR-based profiling and LC-MS metabolomic analyses of commercial seaweed extracts were not suitable to identify candidate molecules that promote plant growth. A classical bioassay-guided fractionation achieved on a Goëmar extract provided a growth promoting purified fraction and further bioactive sub-fractions. The U-HPLC-HR-MS analyses of these sub-fractions highlighted two candidate molecules. A fractionation process used in this work should be patented in order to improve added-value of growth-promoting filtrate and valorize new by-products. In parallel, the physiological effects of these seaweed extracts were studied in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana through transcriptomic approaches in order to decipher patterns of gene regulation in response to a crude commercial extract and its purified fraction. The transcriptome in response to the application of seaweed extract was completely different of those obtained using its purified fraction. Genes dysregulated by this purified fraction provided potential biomarkers of plant growth that could be used. to assist the bioactive molecule isolation. Finally these two approaches combining, metabolomics-guided and bioassay-guided fractionation of extracts from the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum, and global transcriptomics in Arabidopsis provided several new insights into the nature and structure of different molecules that trigger different physiological responses in plants
Boudah, Samia. "Développement et application de méthodes de chromatographie liquide couplées à la spectrométrie de masse à haute résolution pour les analyses métabolomiques et lipidomiques de larges cohortes." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066281/document.
Повний текст джерелаGlobal metabolomic profiling of biological media in large sample sets is a major challenge. In this context, our work aims to develop LC-HRMS approaches and data mining tools for metabolomics and lipidomics analysis of large cohorts. We have first developed and evaluated the reliability of four LC-HRMS methods in the annotation of human serum metabolome and lipidome. Thus, spectral database was implemented using MS spectra, MS/MS and retention times of reference compounds to further ensure datasets annotation. The combination of RP, PFPP and HILIC-HRMS methods allowed identification of 266 metabolites and 706 lipid species in human serum over 20 to 24 chemical classes respectively including 27% of isomeric species. These analytical tools were then applied for the stratification of 78 diabetic patients. Unsurprisingly, we highlighted a metabolic syndrome (energy metabolism disruption), moreover our analyses have shown the deleterious impact of confounding physiological factors on diabetes biomarker discovery –age and BMI-. We finally evaluated their influence on a cohort of 227 CEA employees. Lipidomic fingerprints are robust, however BMI impact is marked for neutral lipids. Gender effect shows significant male catabolism and age altered enzyme activities. These studies combine an overall metabolomics and lipidomics analyses of the same human samples. They aim to build up a relational database including spectral and biological data for biomarker characterization in clinical studies
Roncalli, Jérôme. "Analyse génomique et métabolomique du cœur de l’obèse." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30026.
Повний текст джерелаObesity alone is the cause of 11% of cases of cardiac failure in men and 14% of cases in women in the United States. It is expected that obesity will become an important cause of cardiac failure in the upcoming years. The adipocyte secretes a number of hormones which act directly or indirectly on the myocardium. Haemodynamic and hormonal changes occurring as a result of obesity profoundly modify the genetic expression in the myocardium, leading to hypertrophy of the myocytes and the development of interstitial fibrosis. Paradoxically, in the global population of patients with cardiac failure, obesity improves survival. We present here results of genomic and metabolomic assessments in order to better understand the relationship between obesity and heart failure. Our results show that obesity hypertension is associated with continuous cardiac transcriptome adaptation and suggest some novel regulatory pathways for cardiac adaptation to obesity in animal and human experiments. An increase of unsaturated lipids and a new apolipoprotein may be involved in myocardium protective mechanisms against lipid accumulation in the setting of obesity. These results can provide explanations to the obesity paradox
Boumaza, Houda. "Etude métabolomique par résonance magnétique nucléaire de pathologies associées à la signalisation thyroïdienne chez la souris." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEN003/document.
Повний текст джерелаMetabolomics by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) allows studying the metabolicresponse of a global biological system to a stimuli or a physiopathological even (diseases,genetic modifications, etc.). This discipline is growing especially in the clinical and biologicalfields, and represents a strong potential tool to identify biomarkers related to diseases, andstudy the function of genes.This thesis is dedicated to the application of metabolomics by high field NMR to studythyroid signalisation pathologies in mice. The main goal is to identify biomarkers related tothe emerging genetic disease called resistance to thyroid hormone due to a mutation in thyroidhormone receptor TRα1 (RTHα). This disease is particularly difficult to diagnose because ofthe lack of biochemical markers and specific symptoms. In addition, it presents commonfeatures with hypothyroidism in term of symptoms. Mice models of RTHα andhypothyroidism were analysed, and the investigation were driven on urine and blood plasmain order to differentiate metabolically theses diseases and identify biomarkers related toRTHα. Metabolic fingerprints related to each disease were identified in both urine and bloodplasma. Five metabolites vary significantly in the urine of RTHα mice: trimethylamine,dimethylamine, isovalerylglycine, N-acetylglucosamine and choline. Unsaturated lipids varysignificantly in the blood plasma of RTHα mice.The impact of thyroid hormones (TH) and the thyroid hormone receptor TRβ on theliver metabolism were also studied in the present manuscript through NMR-basedmetabolomics. A mouse model, with a specific knock-out of TRβ gene in hepatocytes (LTRβ-KO), were used to study this question. To understand the function of TH mediated by TRβ,the liver metabolic response to TH, obtained from liver aqueous extracts and intact livertissues, TRβKO and wild-type mice were compared. The results suggest the presence ofdirect and indirect effects of thyroid hormones on the liver metabolism
Tebani, Abdellah. "Analyse métabolomique multidimensionnelle : applications aux erreurs innées du métabolisme." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR043/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe new field of precision medicine is revolutionizing current medical practice and reshaping future medicine. Precision medicine intends to put the patient as the central driver of healthcare by broadening biological knowledge and acknowledging the great diversity of individuals. The prediction of physiological and pathological states in patients requires a dynamic and systemic understanding of these interactions. Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) are genetic disorders resulting from defects in a given biochemical pathway due to the deficiency of an enzyme, its cofactor or a transporter. IEM are no longer considered to be monogenic diseases, which adds another layer of complexity to their characterization and diagnosis. To meet this need for faster screening, the metabolic profile can be a promising candidate given its ability in disease screening, biomarker discovery and metabolic pathway investigation. In this thesis, we used a metabolomic approach which is particularly relevant for IEM given their basic pathophysiology that is tightly related to metabolism. This thesis allowed the implementation of an untargeted metabolomic methodology based on a multidimensional analytical strategy including high-resolution mass spectrometry coupled with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and ion mobility. This work also set a methodology for preprocessing, analysis and interpretation of the generated data using experimental design and multivariate data analysis. Finally, the strategy is applied to the exploration of IEM with mucopolysaccharidoses as a proof of concept. The results suggest a major remodeling of the amino acid metabolisms in mucopolysaccharidosis type I. In summary, metabolomic is a relevant complementary tool to support the genomic approach in the functional investigations and diagnosis of IEM
Goossens, Corentine. "Approche métabolomique par résonance magnétique nucléaire du proton dans l'évaluation des hépatopathies stéatosiques non alcooliques et dans le suivi d'un traitement curatif du carcinome hépatocellulaire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD110.
Повний текст джерелаMost liver diseases nowadays remain symptomless and tend to lead to hepatocellular carcinoma responsible for more than 15.000 patient deaths per year in France. Liver diseases are therefore a major concern for public health.Clinicians lack of non-invasive biomarkers allowing them to enhance identification of liver diseases stages in order to efficiently target the first HCC signs and accordingly improve clinical prognosis.Identification of new biomarkers set new challenges in translational research in order torefine the prognosis and adapt therapeutic procedures.Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabolomics enable to identifyand quantify such metabolites by defining individual metabolic fingerprints.First part of this work was to explore the metabolic modifications of liver tissue to further establish diseases stages profiles.Second part was focused on the assessment of metabolic variations in HCC patients, by analyzing sequential serums taking, before and after a radiofrequency ablation curative treatment.Third and last part was centered on the validation of the quality parameters of the discriminant models used in multivariate statistical analysis
Favre, Laurie. "Caractérisation par analyse métabolomique de biomarqueurs bactériens au sein de biofilms marins." Thesis, Toulon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUL0005/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn the marine environment, any immersed surface is subjected to colonization by many organisms (biofouling). The biofilms development is a key stage of this phenomenon. Communication systems are controlled in these structures by chemical signals. In this work, the study of the chemical signature of natural biofilms formed in situ was carried out among a gradient of contamination of metal contaminants in the bay of Toulon and according to the nature of the coating on the immersed surface. Clear chemical variations of the biofilms collected were observed and were correlated with variations in microbial community. The in vitro study of 4 bacterial strains harvested from natural biofilms allowed, after optimization of the analysis methodologies, their discrimination according to their metabolic profile. Biomarkers were highlited, particularly ornithine lipids production by the Pseudoalteromonas lipolytica strain. The biological response of this strain depending on its phenotype and face to copper stres was studied by metabolomics and proteomics revealing important modulations of certain biosynthetic patways
Boutegrabet, Lemia. "Approche métabolomique dans l'analyse de l'évolution oxydative des vins en spectrométrie de masse à très haute résolution." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOS025.
Повний текст джерелаDuring winemaking processes, many oxidation reactions may occur especially during the aging period. Recently, white wines are characterized by a problem of premature oxidation for which few studies have provided chemical explanation. To date, the involved mechanisms in this phenomenon remain poorly understood.The aim of this thesis project is to provide, through an untargeted molecular analysis using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) coupled to chemometric analysis, original clue to understand the premature oxidation of white wines. Based on the study of a series of premature oxidized white wines, we were able to elucidate the high complexity and the chemical diversity of wine, and got out typical masses characterizing the oxidation state. In order to better understand the origin of this phenomenon, we considered two alternative possibilities of oxidation: the first one induced by oxygen, and the second through a natural evolution of wines in bottles. The latter included the monitoring of the chemical evolution of white and red wines as a function of time. A very interesting result was obtained on the vertical series of white wines from 1979 to 2006, where two groups were separated at the 1990 vintage to provide a group of old wines (1979-1990) and a group of new wines (1991-2006). Typical discriminant masses were found for each group.A comparison between the chemical spaces discriminating each of the three types of oxidation (premature oxidation, oxidation with oxygen and natural evolution of wine in bottle) revealed very few common masses that may indicate that the phenomenon of premature oxidation is indeed influenced by multiple factors.Finally, a structural elucidation of the typical masses of the groups of oxidized and aged wines were established using FT-ICR-MS/MS. Possible fragmentations schemes of some of these masses were proposed
Duong, Viêt Dung. "Development of numerical approaches for nuclear magnetic resonance data analysis." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN010/document.
Повний текст джерелаNuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has become one of the most powerful and versatile spectroscopic techniques in analytical chemistry with applications in many disciplines of scientific research. A downside of NMR is however the laborious data analysis workflow that involves many manual interventions. Interactive data analysis impedes not only on efficiency and objectivity, but also keeps many NMR application fields closed for non-experts. Thus, there is a high demand for the development of unsupervised computational methods. This thesis introduces such unattended approaches in the fields of metabonomics and structural biology. A foremost challenge to NMR metabolomics is the identification of all molecules present in complex metabolite mixtures that is vital for the subsequent biological interpretation. In this first part of the thesis, a novel numerical method is proposed for the analysis of two-dimensional HSQC and TOCSY spectra that yields automated metabolite identification. Proof-of principle was successfully obtained by evaluating performance characteristics on synthetic data, and on real-world applications of human urine samples, exhibiting high data complexity. NMR is one of the leading experimental techniques in structural biology. However the conventional process of structure elucidation is quite elaborated. In this second part of the thesis, a novel computational approach is presented to solve the problem of NMR structure determination without explicit resonance assignment based on three-dimensional TOCSY and NOESY spectra. Proof-of principle was successfully obtained by applying the method to an experimental data set of a 12-kilodalton medium- sized protein