Дисертації з теми "Analyse limite plastique"
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Dallot, Julien. "Modélisation des structures multicouches en analyse limite : application au renforcement de matériau quasi-fragile-acier." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003625.
Повний текст джерелаPineau, Jean-Philippe. "Development of a fast and reliable solver based on simplified formulae for ship grounding analyses." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ECDN0028.
Повний текст джерелаAlthough non-linear finite element method is the most accurate approach for ship grounding damage analyses, its high computing cost makes it unsuitable when numerous scenarios have to be simulated. As part of the European research project FLARE (Flooding Accident REsponse), this PhD thesis aims to develop a solver based on simplified formulae to rapidly assess cruise ship grounding damage. The seabed is represented by an elliptic paraboloid allowing to generate both sharp and shallow rocks varying two parameters. The ship is divided into large elements, called Super- Elements (S.E), representing the main bottom components. For each S.E, Ls-Dyna simulations are carried out. Based on these simulations, closed-form expressions are derived for the resistant force according to the Upper-Bound theorem of plasticity. Finally, the analytical expressions are validated by comparison with numerical results. In the second part of the thesis, the developments are implemented in a structural solver named FLAGS, which is coupled with the external dynamics solver MCOL to account for the action of the surrounding water. FLAGS/MCOL solver is validated by confrontation to Ls-Dyna/MCOL F.E. solutions for various full scale grounding accidents. Finally, the simplified tool is used to simulate thousands of grounding events with the aim of quantifying the influence of different reinforcements on the ship damage extent
Azizi, Fethi. "Loi de comportement des sols raides : détermination de la courbe d'état limite de l'argile verte de Romainville." Compiègne, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987COMPD051.
Повний текст джерелаThe experimental study on the yield state curve of the Romainville green clay is an integral part of the research work undertaken by “Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées” on the behaviour of natural clays. In order to do this study, we carried out a variety of laboratory trials following procedures adapted to the swelling character of the green clay. The yield state curve of this clay has been determined. This curve has a roughly elliptical shape. However, it is not centred on the Ko stress path. This study has also revealed the anisotropic character of the green clay and the values of its orthotropic elastic parameters have been determined on a limited portion of the over consolidated domain. However, these parameters only represent partially the behaviour of the green clay within its, yield state curve. The analysis of this behaviour should be the subject of another future study
Brochard, Kévin. "Modélisation analytique de la réponse d’un cylindre immergé à une explosion sous-marine." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECDN0019/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe design of a hull of submarine is crucial for its operability and the safety of the crew, but also complex. Indeed, the engineers have to take into account at the same time lightness, acoustic discretion and resistance of the hull to immersion pressure and to environmental attacks. Underwater explosions represent a first-rate threat to the integrity of the hull, whose behavior needs to be properly analyzed. The works presented in this thesis concern the development of a simplified method, based on analytical formulations, to study the mechanical behavior of a cylinder deeply immersed subjected to an underwater explosion. The purpose of this method is to give engineers a fast estimation of the damage undergone by the cylindrical shell, allowing them to compute a large number of scenarios of explosion.In the scope of this thesis, the model of the plastic string on plastic foundation is picked up and adapted to the study of an immersed cylinder subjected to an explosive load, for which the effects of immersion pressure and fluid-structure interaction are to be taken into account. This simplified model of the fluid structure interaction is coupled with the model of a plastic string resting on plastic foundation, by considering on one hand the effects of the immersion pressure and on the other hand the circumferential stiffening of the cylinder. Analytical expressions are derived in order to calculate the final deflection of the shell as well as its energy of plastic deformation. The obtained results are compared with results obtained with numerical simulations, which allows to validate gradually the simplified method, but also to highlight its limitations
Bleyer, Jérémy. "Méthodes numériques pour le calcul à la rupture des structures de génie civil." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PEST1043/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work aims at developping efficient numerical tools for a more rational and less empirical assessment of civil engineering structures yield design. As opposed to traditionnal methodologies relying on combinations of elastic computations, safety coefficients and local checking of critical members, the yield design theory seems to be a very promising tool for a more rigourous evaluation of structural safety. Lower bound static and upper bound kinematic approaches of the yield design theory are performed numerically using dedicated finite elements for plates in bending and shells in membrane-bending interaction. Corresponding optimization problems are then solved using very efficient conic programming solvers. The proposed tools are also extended to the framework of periodic homogenization in yield design, which enables to tackle the case of strong material heterogeneities. Numerical procedures are specifically tailored to compute equivalent homogeneous strength criteria and to use them, in a second step, in a computation at the structural level. Finally, the potentialities of the yield design approach are illustrated on two complex engineering problems : the stability assessment of high-rise reinforced concrete panels in fire conditions and the computation of the Paris-Austerlitz railway station canopy
Sahlaoui, Ramzi. "Panneaux en maçonnerie renforcés à l'aide de matériaux composites : approche de type calcul à la rupture et étude expérimentale." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00672356.
Повний текст джерелаCorfdir, Alain. "Analyse de la stabilité d'ouvrages en gabions cellulaires par la théorie du calcul à la rupture." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523026.
Повний текст джерелаBrach, Stella. "Strength properties of nanoporous materials : theoretical analyses and molecular dynamics computations." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066618.
Повний текст джерелаThe main objectif of the thesis consisted in investigating strength properties of nanoporous materials by means of theoretical and numerical approaches. In the framework of homogenization methods, novel macroscopic strength criteria have been established via a non-linear homogenization procedure and a kinematic limit-analysis approach. Resulting yield functions allowed to take into account void-size effects on nanoporous materials strength properties, thereby resulting in a strong enhancement of available estimates. Furthermore, aiming to funish effective benchmarking evidence for the calibration and/or the assessment of theoretical models, molecular-dynamics based computations have been carried out on in-silico single crystals embedding spherical nanovoids, simulation domains undergoing multiaxial strain-rate boundary conditions. With respect to available numerical studies, proposed results clearly showed the influence of all the three isotropic stress invariants on computed material strength surfaces. Finally, with the aim to account for physical indications coming from numerical simulations, a ductile nanoporous material with a general isotropic plastic matrix has been investigated via a limit analysis approach, by referring to a modified version of the bigoni strength criterion. The limit state of a hollow-sphere model undergoing isotropic loadings has been exactly determined. Correspondigly, a novel strength criterion has been analytically established in the case of axysimmetric boundary conditions
Hamlaoui, Madani. "Capacité portante des fondations superficielles pour géomateriaux avec modèles plastiques non associés." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10146.
Повний текст джерелаIn associated plasticity, i.e. with the normality law, Prandtl-Hill analytical solution gives the exact limit load of a punch on a semi-infinite massive of foundation with Mohr-Coulomb model. However, it is experimentally recognized that geomaterial shave a non-associated behavior, what means that in reality the value of the limit load is only an estimation.In this work, it is proposed to fill this lack in addressing the problem of the bearing capacity of a shallow foundation, when the low of plasticity is no-associated. On the basis of numerical simulations and an extension of the limit analysis method to materials with non-associated laws by the bipotential approach, de Saxcé (1992), we proposed an approximated analytical solution by a variational method and we compared to Drescher-Detournay formula (1993) and numerical results
Bloch, Alexis. "Expérimentation et modélisation du comportement des structures gonflables sous chargement aérodynamique aux états-limites." Nantes, 2016. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=a44b4f4b-ab81-4d32-bad2-d6f17002db00.
Повний текст джерелаInflatable structures are more and more used in civil engineering and construction fields. This is mainly due to their specific properties : lightweight, easy to carry, easy to store. They are now a real opportunity for sheltering public or equipment for temporary or long periods. Among this kind of structures, some are composed of simple inflated elements (beams, panels) assembly. The internal pressure provides pre-tension in the fabrics and allows the structure to withstand external loads. The current issues regarding to the design of such a structure in a semi-probabilistic way suggested by Eurocodes asks to clearly define the limit-states, the external loading, and to have efficient models for the structure behaviour. This works proposes to define those limit-states for an inflatable beam in terms of deflection, wrinkling and collapse. The literature review shows that some beam theory models are able to predict theoretically the displacement as long as the beam is not wrinkled and the wrinkling load. The current study extends these models to predict the post-wrinkling behaviour and the collapse load. Another finite-element-based model is also introduced. Those models are then compared to experimental results during windtunnel testing on different models at different scales with respect to the similitude theory. The deflection is fulfilled with a field measurement method : the virtual image correlation. This method allows us to obtain the load-deflection curves, to characterize the external loading and to estimate the gap between the models and the experimental results
Khalij, Leila. "Détermination directe des états limites et des champs de contraintes résiduelles pour les structures chargées cycliquement : application de la méthode d'analyse simplifiée." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2002/50376-2002-23.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаKhalij, Leila Hariri Saïd Vaucher Rachel. "Détermination directe des états limites et des champs de contraintes résiduelles pour les structures chargées cycliquement application de la méthode d'analyse simplifiée /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.univ-lille1.fr/bustl-grisemine/pdf/extheses/50376-2002-23-24.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMansouri, Lotfi zoher. "Analyse des instabilités plastiques dans les matériaux ductiles endommageables : application à la prédiction de la striction et de la formabilité des tôles métalliques." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENAM0059/document.
Повний текст джерелаDiffuse and localized necking are precursors to ductile fracture, and represent one of the main causes of metal parts rejection during forming operations. The implementation of theoretical and computational tools to predict the occurrence of these defects turns out to be necessary for economic and environmental reasons. These tools require in part the introduction of an appropriate behavior model in order to reproduce the physical phenomena involved during forming operations. Such a behavior model is then coupled to a plastic instability indicator providing the ability to reliably predict diffuse and localized necking. In the present work, we considered a micromechanical damage models based on Gurson's approach, which were coupled to different plastic instabilities criteria, based on Bifurcation Analysis. The numerical implementation of these models was carried within the implicit finite element code Abaqus/Standard. With regard to the damage models, several integration schemes were tested to analyze their performance and robustness when the behavior exhibits softening effect. The approach combining the Gurson's damage model and necking criteria has been applied for the prediction of formability limits of several metallic materials. The obtained results allowed establishing a theoretical and numerical classification between the necking criteria used in this work
Paux, Joseph. "Contribution à la modélisation micromécanique de la plasticité de matériaux cristallins poreux." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066115/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is a part of the description of ductile rupture of metals. The coupled influences of the crystalline plasticity and the porosity growth is studied by micromecanichal approach. Following existing works in ductile rupture, especially for isotropic porous materials, and using works on porous single crystals, we propose an original approach to predict the behaviour of several crystalline porous materials.First, a numerical approach has been performed. Numerical homogenization tools has been developped and used to study the resistance of single crystals with periodic microstructures. The influence of the crystalline orientation on the plastic yield limit, the hardening and the evolution of the porosity has been evaluated for different crystalline structures.These numerical results has been used to assess an approximate yield criterion we proposed. This one is derived from a limit analysis process taking into consideration the plastic crystalline anisotropy. Thus, this criterion has been assessed for different plastic crystalline anisotropies. An extension to take into account the hardening has been proposed using an evaluation of the heterogeneity of the strain field. An exemple of use of this criterion for numerical computation of polycrystal with intragranular porosity is also proposed. Finally, the particular case of single crystals obeying non Schmid plasticity (non associated plasticity) is considered. As it does not fall in the classical scope of limit analysis, an approach based on the bipotential proposed by de Saxcé has been used. A specific bipotential for the non associated crystalline plasticity proposed by Qin and Bassani has been derived. Then, a macroscopic yield criterion and a macroscopic flow rule is derived by homogenization by bipotential. Numerical tools developped for the associated plasticity have been adaptated for the non associated one. Numerical simulations are performed to assess the behaviour law obtained
Imamovic, Ismar. "Ultimate load limit analysis of steel structures accounting for nonlinear behaviour of connections." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2373/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with the ultimate load limit analysis of steel frame structures. The steel frame structure has a very ductile response and a large potential to dissipate energy, which is crucial in the case of earthquakes. The ductility in the response of the structure comes from the behavior of the material itself and the behavior of the semi-rigid structural connections. The semi-rigid connections between beams and columns can significantly influence the response of the structure, sometimes up to 30%. In this thesis, we propose a methodology for modeling steel frame structures with included connection behavior. The idea is to model the behavior of the structural connections by the beam elements positioned in the corners of the steel frame structure. Other members of the steel frame structure, steel beams, and columns, will be modeled with nonlinear beam elements. This research consists of two parts. The first part deals with the behavior of the structural steel connections. In the second part, we present the development of the nonlinear beam element capable of representing the ductile behavior of steel structural elements, beams and columns. In the first part of the thesis, we define constitutive parameters identification procedure for the coupled plasticity-damage model with eighteen unknowns. This constitutive model is very robust and capable of representing a wide range of problems. The identification procedure was used in the preparation of experimental tests for three different types of structural steel connections. The experimental tests have been performed for two load cases. In the first, the load was applied in one direction with both the loading and unloading cycles. From the experimental measurements, we have concluded that the response of the experimental structure can be represented by the plasticity model only because no significant change in the elastic response throughout the loading program was observed. Therefore, we have chosen an elastoplastic geometrically exact beam to describe connection behavior. The hardening response of the beam is governed by bilinear law, and the softening response is governed by nonlinear exponential law. The identification of the parameters has been successfully done with fifteen unknown parameters identified. The two types of the experimental structures were also exposed to the cyclic loading. Measured experimental data shows complex connection behavior that cannot be described by the plasticity model alone. Namely, after changing load direction stiffness of the connection decreases. This suggests that the damage model should be incorporated in the constitutive law for the connections behavior as well. Therefore, we propose a new coupled plasticity-damage model capable of representing the loss in the stiffness of the connection with the changing of the load direction. At the end of this part, we also give the constitutive parameters identification for the proposed model. The second part of the thesis deals with the theoretical formulation and numerical implementation of the elastoplastic geometrically exact beam. The hardening response of the beam includes interaction between stress resultant section forces (N, T and M), and the softening response of the beam, which is governed by the nonlinear law. This type of the beam element is capable of representing the ductile behavior of a steel frame structure, and it takes into account second order theory effects. Performed numerical simulations show that the proposed geometrically nonlinear beam element is very robust and is able to provide a more precise limit load analysis of steel frame structures. By using proposed methodology for modeling steel structures, we are able to obtain the real distribution of section forces, including their redistribution caused by forming of the hinges and the connections behavior