Дисертації з теми "Analyse des Compromis"
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Yvoz, Séverin. "Analyse multi-échelles des compromis entre services écosystémiques fournis par la flore adventice." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UBFCK008.
Повний текст джерелаWeeds contribute to the provision of various ecosystem services, negative when linked to their harmfulness (disservices) and positive due to the provision of trophic resources (floral resources, seeds) to pollinators and pest natural enemies (services). In this PhD thesis, we analysed how crop management strategies (coherent crop sequences and associated farming practices) implemented by farmers within a small agricultural landscape modulate the weed contribution to (dis)services provision. We also assessed the relative contribution of field cores and field edges (narrow area between the 1st row of the crop and the boundary) to these services. At the annual scale, we show that crop type highly impacts the (dis)services provision, through an effect on the composition of the weed assemblages, but also on the growth rate of individual weed plants and their probability to reach the flowering and seeding stages. Services are thereby higher and more stable within year in the less competitive crops. Similarly, and despite the small area they cover, field edges play a major role in the provision of services at the field scale because they harbour higher weed abundance and richness with individual plants that contribute more to services than the plants located in field cores. At the pluriannual scale, crop management strategy (and notably the crop sequence), drives the level of (dis)services provision. We observe positive correlations between services and disservices, however we managed to identify weed species which provide, in specific growing conditions (crop type, location in the field), the best (dis)services bundles. By a statistical simulation method focussing on the effect of the crop management strategy assemblage at the studied small landscape scale, we show that scenarii composed of a large number of strategies in even proportions are those that deliver the best compromises. Scenarii in which field size was reduced (and which therefore increased the area of field edges in the landscape) resulted in the increase of both services and disservices provision but a higher temporal stability in the provision of services. These results suggest that crop diversification, in space and time, could be an interesting solution to increase weed contribution to ecosystem services provision, without producing too much disservices
Brunin, Maxime. "Étude du compromis précision statistique-temps de calcul." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1I001/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn the current context, we need to develop algorithms which are able to treat voluminous data with a short computation time. For instance, the dynamic programming applied to the change-point detection problem in the distribution can not treat quickly data with a sample size greater than $10^{6}$. The iterative algorithms provide an ordered family of estimators indexed by the number of iterations. In this thesis, we have studied statistically this family of estimators in oder to select one of them with good statistics performance and a low computation cost. To this end, we have followed the approach using the stopping rules to suggest an estimator within the framework of the change-point detection problem in the distribution and the linear regression problem. We use to do a lot of iterations to compute an usual estimator. A stopping rule is the iteration to which we stop the algorithm in oder to limit overfitting whose some usual estimators suffer from. By stopping the algorithm earlier, the stopping rules enable also to save computation time. Under time constraint, we may have no time to iterate until the stopping rule. In this context, we have studied the optimal choice of the number of iterations and the sample size to reach an optimal accuracy. Simulations highlight the trade-off between the number of iterations and the sample size in order to reach an optimal accuracy under time constraint
Canali, Davide. "Plusieurs axes d'analyse de sites web compromis et malicieux." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENST0009/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe incredible growth of the World Wide Web has allowed society to create new jobs, marketplaces, as well as new ways of sharing information and money. Unfortunately, however, the web also attracts miscreants who see it as a means of making money by abusing services and other people's property. In this dissertation, we perform a multidimensional analysis of attacks involving malicious or compromised websites, by observing that, while web attacks can be very complex in nature, they generally involve four main actors. These are the attackers, the vulnerable websites hosted on the premises of hosting providers, the web users who end up being victims of attacks, and the security companies who scan the Internet trying to block malicious or compromised websites. In particular, we first analyze web attacks from a hosting provider's point of view, showing that, while simple and free security measures should allow to detect simple signs of compromise on customers' websites, most hosting providers fail to do so. Second, we switch our point of view on the attackers, by studying their modus operandi and their goals in a distributed experiment involving the collection of attacks performed against hundreds of vulnerable web sites. Third, we observe the behavior of victims of web attacks, based on the analysis of their browsing habits. This allows us to understand if it would be feasible to build risk profiles for web users, similarly to what insurance companies do. Finally, we adopt the point of view of security companies and focus on finding an efficient solution to detecting web attacks that spread on compromised websites, and infect thousands of web users every day
Canali, Davide. "Plusieurs axes d'analyse de sites web compromis et malicieux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENST0009.
Повний текст джерелаThe incredible growth of the World Wide Web has allowed society to create new jobs, marketplaces, as well as new ways of sharing information and money. Unfortunately, however, the web also attracts miscreants who see it as a means of making money by abusing services and other people's property. In this dissertation, we perform a multidimensional analysis of attacks involving malicious or compromised websites, by observing that, while web attacks can be very complex in nature, they generally involve four main actors. These are the attackers, the vulnerable websites hosted on the premises of hosting providers, the web users who end up being victims of attacks, and the security companies who scan the Internet trying to block malicious or compromised websites. In particular, we first analyze web attacks from a hosting provider's point of view, showing that, while simple and free security measures should allow to detect simple signs of compromise on customers' websites, most hosting providers fail to do so. Second, we switch our point of view on the attackers, by studying their modus operandi and their goals in a distributed experiment involving the collection of attacks performed against hundreds of vulnerable web sites. Third, we observe the behavior of victims of web attacks, based on the analysis of their browsing habits. This allows us to understand if it would be feasible to build risk profiles for web users, similarly to what insurance companies do. Finally, we adopt the point of view of security companies and focus on finding an efficient solution to detecting web attacks that spread on compromised websites, and infect thousands of web users every day
Zhang, Ruifeng. "Analyse du compromis énergie-délai pour les transmissions radio multi-sauts dans les réseaux de capteurs." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00534833.
Повний текст джерелаCordrie, Benjamin. "L’entreprise, acteur politique : Une analyse institutionnaliste d’un compromis : la troisième révolution industrielle en Hauts-de-France." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1A016.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis investigates the role played by businesses in regulating the tensions that capitalism produces. With the Fordist compromise and its regulations on the wane and the environmental issue on the rise, and the destabilising effects this causes, we see businesses emerge as political actors that help shape new forms of regulation. To analyse this process, we draw on John R. Commons’ institutional and pragmatic approach. As a first step, the thesis undertakes a reinterpretation of the concept of compromise, enabling us to apprehend these regulations and the role played in them by businesses. Subsequently, the thesis focuses on a field survey on an ongoing energy transition project in Hauts-de-France: the “third industrial revolution” (TIR), a project based upon the model outlined by Jeremy Rifkin in his eponym publication. The regional council and the chamber of commerce jointly launched this process in 2012. The survey, mostly based on semi-structured interviews (n=55) and on a review of grey literature conducted with the software Prospéro, first examines the strategy developed by the stakeholders of the TIR to respond to the environmental issue. This strategy mainly relies on a justification that can be described as “techno-economic”, in the sense that it considers the environmental issue as offering economic opportunities to businesses, especially through developing technological innovations. This research then shows how, as this new compromise gradually takes shape, businesses are becoming the dominant political players in it. This thesis thus intends to show that businesses are a political institution of capitalism
Lafond, Valentine. "Sylviculture des forêts hétérogènes de montagne et compromis production-biodiversité : une approche simulation." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENV019/document.
Повний текст джерелаGlobal change and the evolution of the socio-economic context reinforce the expectations for multifunctional forest management. In France, the forest community agreed on the definition of the double objective of “improving timber production while preserving biodiversity better” (Grenelle 2007). This objective goes along with a will of maintaining the natural attributes favoring biodiversity on one hand, and of increasing management intensity on the other hand. The compatibility between both objectives is however controversial and it seem nowadays necessary to better understand their effects on ecosystem services, so as to enable the definition of multifunctional and sustainable forest management. The objective of this PhD thesis is to explore the effect of silviculture on stand structure, timber production and biodiversity preservation. This works involves two main hypotheses: (1) the fact that ecosystem services indicators present different responses to silvicultural drivers, thus leading to trade-offs situations; (2) the fact that management scenarios of intermediate intensity may enable satisfactory production-biodiversity trade-offs to be reached. This work addressed the case of uneven-aged spruce-fir mountain forests, which present a long tradition of uneven-aged management (selection system) and are judged favorable to the provision of several ecosystem services. We used a simulation approach coupling a forest dynamics simulation model (Samsara2), a silviculture algorithm, and ecosystem services models and indicators (for timber production and biodiversity). This however required a complete simulation experiment approach to be set up, with several steps: (i) formalization of control and response variables, (ii) model development and evaluation, (iii) experiment designs definition, (iv) sensitivity analysis, and (v) study of indicators' response to management. A complete analysis of the Samsara2 model enabled the consistency of simulated forest dynamics and the reliability of predictions to be checked. A silviculture algorithm has been developed to accurately model uneven-aged management. Two biodiversity models have been implemented from the literature: a dead wood decay model and an understory diversity model.A sensitivity analysis of the system first enabled us to assess the influence of input parameters (silviculture, demographic and initial state) on structure, timber production and biodiversity indicators, and then to identify and fix those with low influence. Then, a regression approach enabled the establishment of the response function (metamodels) of each indicator to the main silvicultural factors, in interaction with demography and initial state. This revealed the negative effect of increased management intensity on biodiversity indicators, although its effect depended on the indicator. Biodiversity conservation measures could however be used as compensation drivers in some cases, therefore enabling both objectives to be concealed. Trade-offs situations have also been detected between timber production and/or biodiversity conservation indicators, but their analysis now require specific multi-criteria analysis to be used.The combined analysis of ecosystem services response to silvicultural drivers and of management scenarios located on the trade-offs area would then supply the discussion with forest managers with new elements and enable management recommendations to be discussed at the stand or landscape scale
Crouzat, Emilie. "Etude des compromis et synergies entre services écosystémiques et biodiversité : Une approche multidimensionnelle de leurs interactions dans le socioécosystème des Alpes Française." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GRENV002/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn the context of global climate change and local land use changes, the future of the French Alps cultural landscapes, shaped through long-lasting and mutual interactions between human and their environment, appears uncertain. Simultaneously, the ecosystems constituting alpine landscapes host a rich biodiversity and provide the many natural resources and ecological functions that benefit to human societies. These resources and functions are conceptualised as “ecosystem services” and currently attract an increasing attention for the management and the conservation of environmental resources, along with biodiversity. Identifying the variables linked to their maintenance, in ecological, socio-cultural and political terms, is a necessary step of their sustainable management, and yet is still under-explored. My PhD project aimed at increasing the understanding of positive (synergies) and negative (trade-offs) interactions among ecosystem services and biodiversity through a multi-dimensional approach of the French Alps social-ecological system. - In Chapter I, I present a quantitative and spatially explicit biophysical assessment of ecosystem multifunctionality. After a modelling step, we explored spatial patterns of trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services and biodiversity using a series of statistical analyses of increasing complexity. Results were structured to provide insights for sound environmental governance at multiple scales. We identified various bundles of ecosystem services representative of the different conditions across the French Alps massif in terms of biogeography, management and landscape heterogeneity. - This approach is complemented in Chapter II by a qualitative representation of influence relationships among ecosystem services and biodiversity that also accounts for additional ecological and social variables. We explicitly considered the multiple dimensions encompassed by the ecosystem service concept (their ‘facets') and proposed an innovative conceptual framework to represent their influence networks. This framework was applied to analyse a consultative process that we carried out with stakeholders of regional expertise. This analysis highlighted their general perception of important influence relationships in the alpine social ecological system. - In order to better understand social regulations linked to environmental governance, we test in Chapter III a methodology for assessing the environmental effectiveness of policy instruments. We concentrated on a restricted set of instruments regulating the interactions between biodiversity, agriculture and outdoor tourism. The consideration of multiple indicators assessing the performance and the fit with the socio-cultural and governance setting highlighted the complex articulation of instruments within the broader policy mix. Results were synthesised in a policy brief targeting regional decision-makers. - Chapter IV is conceived as my personal exploration of the conceptual and ethical issues linked to research on ecosystem services. Following some general thinking on the relations between environmental sciences and society, I conducted a personal reflexive assessment of the research projects I contributed to. To conclude, I propose a synthetic vision of the alpine social-ecological system and discuss the major issues revealed throughout the analyses
Abdulghani, Mohamad. "Les sources infra-législatives en droit fiscal : analyse d'un désordre normatif." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1078.
Повний текст джерелаUjjwal, Ujjwal. "Gestion du compromis vitesse-précision dans les systèmes de détection de piétons basés sur apprentissage profond." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4087.
Повний текст джерелаThe main objective of this thesis is to improve the detection performance of deep learning based pedestrian detection systems without sacrificing detection speed. Detection speed and accuracy are traditionally known to be at trade-off with one another. Thus, this thesis aims to handle this trade-off in a way that amounts to faster and better pedestrian detection. To achieve this, we first conduct a systematic quantitative analysis of various deep learning techniques with respect to pedestrian detection. This analysis allows us to identify the optimal configuration of various deep learning components of a pedestrian detection pipeline. We then consider the important question of convolutional layer selection for pedestrian detection and propose a pedestrian detection system called Multiple-RPN, which utilizes multiple convolutional layers simultaneously. We propose Multiple-RPN in two configurations -- early-fused and late-fused; and go on to demonstrate that early fusion is a better approach than late fusion for detection across scales and occlusion levels of pedestrians. This work furthermore, provides a quantitative demonstration of the selectivity of various convolutional layers to pedestrian scale and occlusion levels. We next, integrate the early fusion approach with that of pseudo-semantic segmentation to reduce the number of processing operations. In this approach, pseudo-semantic segmentation is shown to reduce false positives and false negatives. This coupled with reduced number of processing operations results in improved detection performance and speed (~20 fps) simultaneously; performing at state-of-art level on caltechreasonable (3.79% miss-rate) and citypersons (7.19% miss-rate) datasets. The final contribution in this thesis is that of an anchor classification layer, which further reduces the number of processing operations for detection. The result is doubling of detection speed (~40 fps) with a minimal loss in detection performance (3.99% and 8.12% miss-rate in caltech-reasonable and citypersons datasets respectively) which is still at the state-of-art standard
Payan, Frédéric. "Optimisation du compromis débit/distorsion pour la compression géométrique de maillages surfaciques triangulaires." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011445.
Повний текст джерелаgéométriques permettent l'utilisation de modèles théoriques pour le
débit et la distorsion des sous-bandes de coefficients. Finalement,
nous proposons un codeur géométrique incluant une allocation rapide et performante qui optimise la quantification des coefficients pour que la qualité visuelle de l'objet reconstruit soit maximisée sous la contrainte d'un débit total fixé. Expérimentalement, l'algorithme
proposé donne de meilleurs résultats que toutes les méthodes de l'état de l'art.
Ledauphin, Stéphanie. "Analyse statistique d'évaluations sensorielles au cours du temps." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00139887.
Повний текст джерелаDepuis une vingtaine d'années, les courbes temps-intensité (TI) qui permettent de décrire l'évolution d'une sensation au cours de l'expérience sont de plus en plus populaires parmi les praticiens de l'analyse sensorielle. La difficulté majeure pour l'analyse des courbes TI provient d'un effet juge important qui se traduit par la présence d'une signature propre à chaque juge. Nous proposons une approche fonctionnelle basée sur les fonctions B-splines qui permet de réduire l'effet juge en utilisant une procédure d'alignement de courbes.
D'autres données sensorielles au cours du temps existent telles que le suivi de la dégradation organoleptique de produits alimentaires. Pour les étudier, nous proposons la modélisation par des chaînes de Markov cachées, de manière à pouvoir ensuite visualiser graphiquement la suivi de la dégradation.
Ben, Zekri Mghirbi Yosser. "Analyse des compromis entre la production et l’efficience de l’eau et de l’azote dans les systèmes céréaliers méditerranéens à base de blé dur." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NSAM0019/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe low efficiency of non-renewable resources such as water and nitrogen is a constraint for a sustained increase in cereal production. The simultaneous increase in water and nitrogen use efficiency and yields is a major challenge for cereal production in the Mediterranean, mainly for durum wheat production. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the variability of durum yields in Tunisia with respect to the two factors of production water and nitrogen and the opportunities of jointly increasing productivity and efficiency in a durum wheat-based cropping systems. This study is based on experimental data, regional statistics and farm surveys conducted on a sample of 537 agronomic situations (the combination of a farmer’s field, a year and a previous crop) which are representative of the diversity of farmers’ practices in four grain-producing regions that provide a major part of cereal production. Based on the efficiency decomposition approach and the concepts of limiting factor, eco-efficiency frontier and yield gap, data collected allowed us to establish a framework allowing to analyze trade-offs between the resource (water and nitrogen) use efficiency and yield. Tested with experimental data and applied to farmers' data for the case of nitrogen, this framework demonstrated that non-cereal preceding crops, especially legumes, result in a higher potential for N uptake by durum wheat than with a monoculture. Diversified rotations result also to an increase in both yield and N-use efficiency of the following durum wheat. The increase in the efficiency frontier of nitrogen capture is partly of-set by increased N uptake gaps in farmers’ fields indicating the presence of other limiting factors. Water and its interactions with nitrogen could be considered among the main factors that may affect nitrogen uptake and hence yields of durum wheat. This work would allow combining, on the one hand, the diagnosis of limiting factors at the level of farmer’s fields and on the other hand the analysis of scenarios for the management of trade-offs between production efficiency with farmers and decision-makers
Bernard, Sophie. "Les temps de travail des salariés de la grande distribution : contraintes organisationnelles et compromis sociaux : analyse de deux hypermarchés en France et au Vietnam." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100164.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, we aim to apprehend, from a dynamic perspective, those processes through which are constructed the working time of employees of the big distribution. Particular attention is given to showing how the various actors interact and participate in this construction, by taking into account the technical and social context in which they are integrated. The working times are not imposed on the employees by their employers in a unilateral and vertical way, but they are rather perpetually negotiated. The working times are studied from the point of view of the “container” (schedules, durations) and the “content” (rhythms, cadences or rates, positioning of the breaks). In order to update the processes that take active part to the construction of the working time, we refer to the results of surveys conducted in two supermarkets in France and in Vietnam among cashiers and section managers
Dedinger, Clémence. "Le devenir des zones humides face aux changements globaux : analyse patrimoniale des compromis socio-écologiques sur les marais de Brouage et du Fier d'Ars (Charente-Maritime, France)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0232.
Повний текст джерелаThe current context of global changes is renewing the challenges of environmental governance. In retro-littoral environments, these changes manifest through an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme events, such as marine submersions. Under these conditions, the preservation of (retro)littoral wetlands is questioned, which calls for a a reevaluation of existing management approaches. This thesis aims to explore the possible future of these particular areas through the lens of heritage compromises. These compromises reflect, on the one hand, the process of making compatible a diversity of representations of heritage (what actors seek to preserve and transmit, including the use of resources) - what we call compromises in the process of being said. On the other hand, they refer to compromises in the process of being made, i.e., to the actors’ practices responding to compromise logics (between exploitation and preservation), which are shape by a set of material, institutional and relational determinants. The originality of our analytical framework is to combine an heritage approach and two complementary theoretical approaches (economics of conventions and practice theory). This framework has been applied to the retro-littoral marshes of Brouage and Fier d’Ars, located in Charente-Maritime (France). Our findings reveal that the heterogeneity of marsh heritage conceptions, defended by the actors (managers and producers), finds a form of compatibility within two dominant "in the process of being said" compromises. Farmers’ practices (breeders, salt producers, oyster farmers) generally reflect productive compromises that favor marsh preservation, highlighting the internal coherence of heritage compromises in both regions. This coherence is determined by a set of collective material, institutional and relational dimensions that guide producers’ actions to varying degrees. We then show how existing compromises are disrupted by growing oppositions between stakeholders, particularly as concerns over marine flooding have gained prominence. Future compromises will inevitably depend on the capacity of actors to resist shifts in practices. For example, the ecological dependency of production activities limits the flexibility available to farmers for adaptation. The empirical approach adopted in this work, leading to a mixed methodoly and the interweaving of qualitative (discourse analysis) and quantitative (multivariate statistical analysis, social network analysis) methods, represents a methodological advancement for deciphering the diverse drivers of individual and collective action. Furthermore, studying the emergence and dynamics of heritage compromises offers a promising pathway for assessing the adaptive potential of territories in response to global change
Damestoy, Boris. "Quelles cultures politiques pour les politiques culturelles ? : L’appropriation de la notion de culture par les élus municipaux : l'exemple du département du Rhône." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20027/document.
Повний текст джерелаFor more than thirty years, cultural involvement by cities has developed constantly and has spread across the nation. Facilities and projects have multiplied and appropriate political delegations have been created regularly: culture is a sector that has widely benefitted from the dynamism driven by decentralization.At the same time, local political models have developed with the rise in power of “territory projects”, encompassing difference sectors including culture within an overall political framework. Although it can scarcely be found within these policies, an idea as large and polymorphic as “culture” has naturally changed form.From that moment, many questions arise. What space do collectivities make for the heritage of the French cultural policy “invented” in 1959? Between adhering to and opposing the national model, how are local cultural policies constructed? Finally, what does culture “do” for local elected official, who are usually far removed from political networks and cultural federations of elected officials and who can only rely on their experience and their territory to appropriate their delegation? This appropriation of the notion of culture is what this work will explore, using tools of the sociological corpus of the organizations.The narrative of elected officials of culture will be put into perspective along with the narrative of other cultural stakeholders, but also in the sociological corpus of culture in France, and more widely, in the notion of culture to be found in human science.This confrontation will aim at observing the process of “entering into culture” by local elected officials, the construction of convictions, political alignment of objectives and expected results, which are sometimes far from the most expected representations but which require the full attention of cultural stakeholders. Through situations and through these procedures, different facets of the notion of culture will appear and will help us, for lack of a single definition, observe what the notion of culture initiates in French local politics
Bachir, Bendaoud Hamid. "Les outils de gestion, des véhicules et régulateurs de logiques institutionnelles au sein des organisations publiques ? : analyse d’un nouvel outil de gestion de transparence financière au sein d'une collectivité territoriale, le rapport d’orientation budgétaire (le ROB)." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAC043.
Повний текст джерелаOur research focuses on management tools and how they can help organizations to manage institutional complexity (Greenwood et al., 2011). We are interested in the latest territorial reform (the NOTRe law, 2015) which introduces a new transparency management tool (the budget orientation report) in order to convey a managerial logic within local authorities. By mobilizing research on institutional logics and management instrumentation, and a longitudinal case study (2016-2020), we show how management tools and their use in a context of institutional complexity are shaped by multiple logics. We also highlight how management tools allow the organization to respond to this complexity through a process of "creative tension". The tool allows the coexistence of logics by serving as a basis for compromises combining hybridization and partitioning in which decoupling appears as a condition of compromise
Guenoun, M. "Le management de la performance publique locale. Etude de l'utilisation des outils de gestion dans deux organisations intercommunales." Phd thesis, Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00473749.
Повний текст джерелаPino, Muttoni Natalia. "L'égalité des chances au prisme des établissements scolaires : analyse des arrangements de la politique de subvention préférentielle dans sept établissements scolaires privés subventionnés du Chili." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB182.
Повний текст джерелаThe preferential subsidy policy, as of 2008, was expected to contribute to equal opportunities for "priority students". however, these political principles have encountered several obstacles of the ideological, pragmatic and structural order. the continuity of the selective practices in the particular subsidized sector was explained by the little coercive effect of the law or of the logics in this educational sector. but behind this really happening statement? in a world with multiple references to what logics respond establishments? unlike normative works that have already studied this subject, our thesis proposes to interrogate the reality of certain establishments, exploring how politics has been translated, adapted and installed in the speeches and in the practices of the actors. this approach invites us to reconsider the voluntariness implied by research on education policy, which has little conceptualized the bargaining power of the school in the face of public action. A descriptive analysis of the seven subsidized private schools was carried out in terms of their identities. taking into account their logic of action, we have reconstructed the process of appropriation of sep policy that will be described according to two regimes of action. according to a "regime of justice" (or justification), agreements and disagreements built locally around the "take off priority" are discussed, which in some cases show the tension between the organization's identity and the logic of politics, showing a liberal conception of the common good. according to a "regime of fairness" (or routine) the translations of the policy are described in concrete terms, through the description of actions, which also seem to be less focused on "priority" students than on the establishment unit . these two dimensions show the process of change of a fragmented school system that is implementing a national reform of social inclusion
Voizot, Anne Marie Béatrice. "Le phénomène sectaire et le phénomène religieux. Un critère de démarcation." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030051.
Повний текст джерелаTo-day, the "New Religious movements" modify the landscape of beliefs in relation to the known traditional religions. In this esoteric nebula, how does one bring to light the criteria of differentiation with the religious ? An analysis of the language and the texts allows one to understand the sense of their doctrine thanks to comparative study of the texts. Besides, a pragmatic approach enables one to analyse the intra-communal relations and to reveal the signs of sectary divergences. These are characterized by violence in interlocutory relations and by mimetic rivalry. In these coercitive and archaic communities, ritualism and magic thought are significant to the detriment of an ethics of dialogue and personal identity of the subject
Paut, Raphael. "Analyse des compromis entre diversité cultivée et complexité de gestion à travers le cas d’étude du Verger-Maraîcher : Une approche combinant modélisation et méthodes qualitatives Reducing risk through crop diversification: an application of portfolio theory to diversified horticultural systems Modelling crop diversification and association effects in agricultural systems." Thesis, Avignon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AVIG0724.
Повний текст джерелаThe need to redesign more sustainable agricultural systems able of producing more, especially through intercropping or agroforestry, cannot be achieved without taking into account the essential aspect of production variability. Yet, although many studies have focused on the effect of intercropping on overall production, the particular issue of production variability in such systems remains relatively unstudied. The approach we propose, for a shift towards a sustainable intensification of agricultural systems, considers the dual dimensions of yield and risk in a combined framework for the assessment and the comparison of two diversification strategies: (i) a simple diversification strategy (SDS) considered as an increasing number of crops grown on separate plots within a farm and (ii) an intercropping strategy (IC) considered as a within-plot increased diversity, where more than one species is grown at the same time and place. The two perspectives examined here were Modern Portfolio Theory and Land Equivalent Ratio. The former quantifies the effect of diversification on risk, the latter measures the effect of association on production. This research merges both approaches in a combined framework in order to assess intercropping system performances. By applying our framework to cases selected from the literature, we explored and compared the potential benefits of these two strategies in terms of yield and risk. Results showed that intercropping, in addition to being interesting with regard to yield, can have an additional risk reduction effect compared to a simple diversification strategy. Conversely, some crop mixtures maintained or even increased yield variability. Our work contributes to a better understanding of the possible impacts of diversification strategies on trade-offs between yield and risk, but also underlines the importance of taking yield variability into account in further studies
Chakhchoukh, Mehdi. "Visualization to Support Multi-Criteria Decision-making in Agronomy." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASG085.
Повний текст джерелаThe increasing complexity of agricultural systems necessitates sophisticated decision-making tools that can handle multiple criteria and accommodate complex trade-off analysis tasks. This thesis develops visualizations that facilitate decision-making processes in agronomy. This work has three main contributions: (i) understanding how provenance can support trade-off analysis, (ii) articulating high-level design and visualization needs to support group comparison in trade-off scenarios, and (iii) understanding how different visualizations can affect comparisons and decision-making in trade-off analysis. After an introductory chapter and a chapter on related work, the thesis details these three main contributions.The 3rd chapter of the thesis investigates how analytic provenance mechanisms can assist experts in recalling and tracking complex trade-off analyses. We developed VisProm, a web-based system integrating in-visualization provenance views to help experts track trade-offs and their objectives when exploring complex simulation results. Observation sessions with groups of experts revealed eight key tasks supported by our designs, highlighting new opportunities for provenance-driven trade-off analysis, such as monitoring trade-off space coverage and tracking alternative scenarios. One key outcome was the need to consider conflicting objectives and compare how different solutions or trade-off spaces fare under these objectives.Building on this, the 4th chapter explores the needs and challenges experts face when comparing trade-off spaces (that are often expressed as groups of data points, e.g., groups of simulation results) that optimize different objectives. Through workshops with domain experts and visualization designers, we identified high-level design and visualization needs to support group comparison in trade-off scenarios. This chapter lays the groundwork for developing effective visualization techniques for comparing groups that represent different trade-offs in terms of what objectives they optimize. They led to the implementation of a visualization prototype that visually encodes a variety of trade-off metrics. These encode and visually communicate experts' priorities in terms of objectives, the notion of ideal solutions, and how far current groups of solutions are from those ideals.The 5th chapter focuses on the evaluation of visualization techniques for comparing groups of points (solutions) when they represent different trade-offs. Motivated by the visualization needs and design requirements of the previous chapter, we selected three promising tabular-based visualization techniques to study. These techniques encode trade-off priorities and ideal solutions in different ways: coupling or decoupling the trade-off metrics and presenting them visually. We conducted a user study to understand how visualizations affected comparison decisions and quality of decision explanations. The findings from this study highlight that techniques that visually separate the encoding of priorities and ideal solutions lead to higher mental load and lower self-reported trust but may support more varied decision strategies than integrated visualizations. But they were always preferred over a baseline visualization.We conclude the thesis with a list of discussions and perspectives for future directions stemming from the results of this work
Lepine, Paul. "Recalage stochastique robuste d'un modèle d'aube de turbine composite à matrice céramique." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCD051/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is focused on the stochastic updating of ceramic matrix composite turbine blade model. They arepart of the uncertainty quantification framework for model validation. The aim is to enhance the existing toolused by the industrial decision makers. Indeed, consequent dispersion was measured during the experimentalcampaigns preventing the use of deterministic approaches. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to therelationship between mechanical science and uncertainty. Thus, Verification and Validation was introduced asthe processes by which credibility in numerical models is established. Then two stochastic updatingtechniques, able to handle statistic distribution, were compared through an academic example. Nevertheless,taking into account uncertainties doesn’t remove potential compensating effects between parameters.Therefore, criteria were developed in order to detect these disturbing phenomena. Info-gap theory wasemployed as a mean to model these lack of knowledge. Paired with the stochastic updating method, a robuststochasticapproach has been proposed. Results demonstrate a trade-off relationship between the model’sfidelity and robustness. The developed tools were applied on a ceramic matrix composite turbine blade finiteelement model
Dahirel, Maxime. "Déterminants individuels et environnementaux de la dispersion chez une espèce hermaphrodite, l'escargot Cornu aspersum." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S068/document.
Повний текст джерелаDispersal behaviours, i.e. movements leading to gene flow in space, play a key role in many ecological and evolutionary processes. Terrestrial gastropods are simultaneous hermaphrodites and have an extremely high cost of locomotion, a seldom studied combination of traits which makes them very valuable to investigate the links between dispersal and other life-History traits. During this project, we investigated (i) the complex relationships and trade-Offs between dispersal behaviour, growth, male and female reproduction in the anthropophilous brown garden snail Cornu aspersum, (ii) how its dispersal and exploration vary as a function of competition and environmental heterogeneity, (iii) how dispersal ability coevolved with other traits at the interspecific level. This snail presents a male-Biased subadult phase of varying duration before reaching adulthood and hermaphroditism. Dispersal behavior was mostly expressed during this subadult stage, and its decrease in adults was linked to investment in the female function. Brown garden snail dispersal is highly density-Dependant: snails leave crowded sites and settle readily in low-Density patches, a strategy that facilitates colonization and persistence in spatio-Temporally variable environments. Their movement propensity increases in urban, fragmented habitats, despite the higher costs of movement. At the interspecific level, dispersal and ecological generalism are linked in a dispersal syndrome, which makes specialist species doubly vulnerable, but increases success odds of generalists in heterogeneous landscapes . This combination of traits is likely to have played a major role in the successful worldwide colonization of many anthropogenic landscapes by this species
Demeure, Nestor. "Managing the compromise between performance and accuracy in simulation codes." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASM004.
Повний текст джерелаFloating-point numbers represent only a subset of real numbers. As such, floating-point arithmetic introduces approximations that can compound and have a significant impact on numerical simulations.We introduce a new way to estimate and localize the sources of numerical error in an application and provide a reference implementation, the Shaman library.Our method uses a dedicated arithmetic over a type that encapsulates both the result the user would have had with the original computation and an approximation of its numerical error. We thus can measure the number of significant digits of any result or intermediate result in a simulation.We show that this approach, while simple, gives results competitive with state-of-the-art methods. It has a smaller overhead and is compatible with parallelism which makes it suitable for the study of large scale applications
Lee, Ho. "Compression progressive et tatouage conjoint de maillages surfaciques avec attributs de couleur." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00863744.
Повний текст джерелаRaiser, Christoph. "Kompromisse im Europäischen Parlament : eine kultursoziologische Analyse von Entscheidungsprozessen in einer supranationalen Institution." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2014. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2014/6956/.
Повний текст джерелаThe European Parliament is the most powerful parliamentary assembly on the supranational level. However, the question of how and why decisions are being taken in this parliament has been insufficiently addressed so far. This is the main aim of this book, which draws on sociological theories for explaining social action and thus opens up a new approach to the analysis of parliamentary action. It argues that it is necessary to take into account how actors interpret political problems and how they relate to their counterparts in negotiations. In three case studies on decision-making processes in the 6th European Parliament between 2004 and 2009 - Services Directive, REACH and the TDIP (CIA-)committee – the study reconstructs the social mechanism behind compromise in the EP. Culture as the way actors attach meaning to the world is the key to understanding political decisions on the supranational level.
Matheu, Ribera Pau. "Simone Weil. Una filosofia política sorgida del compromís radical de no mentir-se." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672649.
Повний текст джерелаThis work analyses the concrete political proposals that Simone Weil elaborated to confront the rise of totalitarianism. In order to do so, we have chosen to follow the development of her political thought paying attention to the chronology and to the changes and contradictions that we find in her texts. In the first chapter we analyse the dialogue that she established with revolutionary theories of her time, specially with Marxism, in order to understand the conditions of possibility of a revolution. We study the essential aspects of what Simone Weil takes to be the Marx’ most important contribution, a materialistic method of social analysis, and we show how Weil uses this method herself to criticise the Marxist theory of Revolution. We also highlight Weil’s own contributions to this method, which allow her to define an “art of politics” freed from Marxist historical teleology. In the second chapter we study how some experiences – the factory work, the Spanish civil war and the mystical experiences – oblige Simone Weil to incorporate new elements to her comprehension of social reality. We analyse how these elements modify the method of social analysis described in the first chapter and how Weil uses this method to explain the efficiency of totalitarian techniques of domination. We also show that the discovery of T. E. Lawrence’s work allows her to imagine a kind of political action able to confront these techniques of domination, and we analyse the motives which lead her to abandon pacifism in 1939. Finally, we explain why Simone Weil thinks that the intervention of a “supernatural” element is politically indispensable. In the third chapter we analyse the conditions of possibility of the intervention of this supernatural element, which is the only thing that, according to Simone Weil, can change some of the human inclinations responsible of oppression. We also show that in Weil’s writings we find significantly different explanations of this intervention, some of which are mutually exclusive. Finally, we study some of the proposals that she elaborated in order to ensure the political influence of this supernatural element.
Morris, Rachel Katherine. "Prediction and prevention of fetal growth restriction and compromise of fetal wellbeing : systematic reviews and meta-analyses with model based economic evaluation." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1319/.
Повний текст джерелаChung, Denise T. "The development of novel STR miniplex primer sets for the analysis of degraded and compromised DNA samples." Ohio : Ohio University, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1097609199.
Повний текст джерелаCanale, Vasquez Allison, and Delgado Andrea Melissa Navarro. "Motivación en el Trabajo y Compromiso Organizacional en asesores de venta del rubro de seguros en Lima Metropolitana." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652362.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of the study is to verify the existence of a relationship between motivation at work and organizational commitment in a sample of sales consultants (n = 140) of the insurance area of Metropolitan Lima. The Motivation at work-MAWS scale was applied, which considers the dimensions intrinsic motivation, identified regulation, introjected regulation, external regulation and demotivation, and Meyer and Allen's Organizational Commitment scale that develops the affective commitment, commitment of continuity and regulatory commitment. Significant correlations were found between commitment and motivation as well as age. Unlike the time of service, which did not obtain significant results. Finally, a comparative analysis was carried out according to sex and educational level, finding both positive and negative differences.
Tesis
Fink, Júlia Daher. "O compromisso social dos analistas do comportamento: caracterização e exame de publicações em periódicos brasileiros da área." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16728.
Повний текст джерелаAlthough Skinner created a science which serves as an analytical and pragmatical tool towards relevant changes for the improvement of human living conditions and dedicated part of his work discussing problems of Western culture, the author and behavior analysis are accused to be in service of reactionary interests. In order to investigate Brazilian researchers' approach to social issues, this study examined sixty-four articles available in four specific behavior analysis journals: Revista Brasileira de Terapia Comportamental e Cognitiva (RBTCC), Revista Brasileira de Análise do Comportamento (REBAC), Revista Psicolog (Psicolog) and Perspectivas em Análise do Comportamento (Perspectivas). To ensure that relevant articles to the topic would be selected, a list of key terms was extracted from government projects, OSCIPs' listing and social movements. Articles were categorized according to type, subject, population and setting, but also according to questions that verified important points about the behavior analysts social commitment. Results showed that few texts (15.6%) are related to social problems. Although application reports were prevalent, a wide range of text types was found. The most addressed subject was education. The majority of application reports and basic researches used students or individuals with developmental disabilities or disorders. The latter noted as a longstanding interest in behavior analysis. Considering social commitment to be a series of behaviors, we note that the behavior analyst has shown major social concerns, like conducting research intended to enhance technology in educational practice in low-income populations. In the same way we found reports where interventions were made to train the population in order to maintain positive results even in the absence of the researcher. On the other hand, we found reports in which researchers disregarded population demands and reports with weak experimental control
Muito embora Skinner tenha dedicado parte de sua obra a comentar e discutir problemas da cultura ocidental e criado uma ciência capaz de servir como ferramenta analítica e de atuação em direção a mudanças relevantes para a melhora de condição de vida dos homens, o autor e a análise do comportamento recebem até hoje críticas de que serviriam apenas a interesses reacionários. A fim de investigar a atuação dos pesquisadores brasileiros a propósito de problemas sociais, este trabalho examinou sessenta e quatro artigos disponíveis em quatro periódicos específicos da abordagem: Revista Brasileira de Terapia Comportamental e Cognitiva (RBTCC), Revista Brasileira de Análise do Comportamento (REBAC), Revista Psicolog (Psicolog) e Perspectivas em Análise do Comportamento (Perspectivas). Para garantir que seriam selecionados artigos pertinentes ao tema foi realizada uma lista de termos-chave a partir de projetos de governo, listagem de OSCIPs e movimentos sociais. Os artigos encontrados foram examinados a partir da caracterização do tipo de texto, assunto, participantes e ambiente, e a partir de perguntas que verificassem pontos importantes sobre o compromisso social do analista do comportamento no texto. Os resultados mostraram que, se comparados com o total de publicações nos quatro periódicos, poucos textos (15,6%) são relativos a problemas sociais, com variedade de tipos de texto, embora sejam predominantes os relatos de aplicação. O assunto principal abordado tem sido educação e os participantes mais recorrentes nos textos de relatos de aplicação e de pesquisa básica são estudantes e participantes com algum tipo de deficiência ou transtorno do desenvolvimento, esse último notado como um interesse antigo da análise do comportamento. Tomando o compromisso social como uma série de comportamentos, nota-se que o analista do comportamento tem tido algumas preocupações importantes como a condução de pesquisas que, por exemplo, tenham como objetivo aprimorar uma tecnologia na prática educativa em populações de baixa renda e intervenções que apresentem a preocupação de dispor de condições de treino e ensino de parte da população durante a intervenção, facilitando que os resultados, quando positivos, possam continuar sendo replicados. Por outro lado, ainda existem: afastamento da demanda da população alvo como a origem da colocação de um problema de pesquisa e controle experimental muito inferior àqueles encontrados em pesquisas básicas
Abdalla, Alvaro Martins. "Projeto conceitual de uma aeronave de aviação geral e análise de compromissos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18135/tde-30112015-165434/.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this work is to derive compromise solutions for the conceptual design of a general aviation aircraft, aimed to fulfill the requirements of the brazilian market. Fitted with a conventional piston engine, such aircraft should however sport technical and flight characteristics which are equal or better than those found on existing typical general aviation aircraft in operation both in Brazil and United States. The main objective of the thesis consisted of development of methodology for the conceptual design of a family of light aircraft so that the \"core aircraft\" can be regarded as a platform for the derivation and conversion to any of the family members - two, four and six - seats. Commonality of parts to the highest degree possible, achievement of a set of performance and efficiency goals and compliance with the existing certification requirements for the aircraft category are some of the main project drivers. The work presents the major topics definitions, the main specific techniques required in the subject of aircraft conceptual design followed by the key aspects associated with such an undertaking. The employed methodology is presented next, followed by the set objectives and compromise solutions so reached. Finally, the results for the three aircraft family are presented both graphically and in a set of data tables complemented by a few print-outs of the computer screen outputs generated by the software developed - PCA, which embodies the whole work carried out and can be used for the further improvements in the future. The conclusions present some critical analysis points and suggestions for the future work.
Coste, Christophe. "The costs of reproduction in evolutionary demography : an application of Multitrait Population Projection Matrix models." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC259/document.
Повний текст джерелаCosts of reproduction are pervasive in life history theory. Through this constraint, the reproductive effort of an organism at a given time negatively affects its later survival and fertility. For life historians, they correspond mostly to a physiological trade-off that stems from an allocative process, occurring at each time-step, at the level of the individual. For evolutionary demographers, they are essentially about genetic trade-offs, arising from a genetic variance in a pleiotropic gene acting antagonistically on early-age and late-age fitness components. The study, from an evolutionary demographic standpoint, of these mechanisms and of the relative, cross and joint effects of physiological and genetic costs, is the aim of this thesis. The close examination of Williams (1966)’s original definition of the physiological costs of reproduction led us to produce a theoretical design of their apparatus that accounts for both their mechanistic and evolutionary mechanisms. This design allowed us to make predictions with regards to the strength of costs of reproduction for various positions of organisms on three life-history spectra: slow-fast, income-capital breeders and quality-quantity. From Stearns (1989b)’s tryptic architecture of life history trade-offs –that divides their structure into the genotypic level, the intermediate structure and the phenotypic level – we devised a general framework, which models the possible cohabitation of both physiological and genetic costs. From this, we inferred differing detectability patterns of both types of costs according to the environmental conditions, their variance and individual stochasticity. We could also establish that both costs buffer environmental variations, but with varying time windows of effect. Their dissimilarity emerges also from the differences between mathematical projection models specific to each cost. A new family of evolutionary models is therefore required to implement both physiological and genetic trade-offs. We then describe the vector-based construction method for such a model which we call Multitrait Population Projection Matrix (MPPM) and which allows incorporating both types of costs by embedding them as traits into the matrix. We extend the classical sensitivity analysis techniques of evolutionary demography to MPPMs. Most importantly, we present a new analysis tool for both life history and evolutionary demography: the Trait Level Analysis. It consists in comparing pairs of models that share the same asymptotic properties. Such ergodic equivalent matrices are produced by folding, an operation that consists in reducing the number of traits of a multi-trait model, by averaging transitions for the traits folded upon, whilst still preserving the asymptotic flows. The Trait Level Analysis therefore allows, for example, to measure the evolutionary importance of costs of reproduction by comparing models incorporating them with folded versions of these models from which the costs are absent. Using classical and new methods to compute fitness moments – selection gradient, variance in reproductive success, environmental variance - in models with and without the costs, we can show their effects on various demographic and evolutionary measures. We reveal, in this way, the combined effects of genetic and physiological costs on the vital rates of an age-structured population. We also demonstrate how physiological costs affect both components of effective selection, as they flatten the slope of selection gradients and increase the effective size of a population. Finally, we show how their buffering of environmental and demographic variance confer greater resilience to populations experiencing physiological costs of reproduction
Alzaid, Hani Mohammed. "Secure data aggregation in wireless sensor networks." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/41843/1/Hani_Alzaid_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBorges, Nicodemos Batista. "Coaching analítico-comportamental: estudos sobre efetividade de coaching feito por um analista do comportamento." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16747.
Повний текст джерелаCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Coaching has been a growing intervention practice in Brazil and worldwide. Despite the increase in demand for this service, there are few researches to ground this practice. Behavior Analysis is a multidimensional field of knowledge, which object of study is behavior. It has well developed body of basic and advanced research and theoreticalphilosophical axis, and it has also produced a set of technologies for behavioral change. This thesis aims, in general, to discuss and this intervention practice through the optical lens of Behavior Analysis. More specifically, the thesis consists of a brief discussion of coaching and behavior analysis and presentation of three studies. Study 1 aimed to discuss the effectiveness of coaching using traditional measurements (scales and inventories), but using single subject design, respecting tradition in Behavior Analysis when delineating studies. Also, a second goal was to verify the effectiveness of the To do technique/tool, often used by those who work with coaching. Study 2 is a case study aimed to verify the effectiveness of coaching, conducted by a behavior analyst, to develop and/or maintain behaviors which prepare the individual for retirement, as in having career plans, financial reserve, care for relationships which can support her in old age (such as family, emotional and social relationships) and health care. Study 3 is a case study aimed to assess the effectiveness of coaching, conducted by a behavior analyst, to develop autonomy of thought or the Tracking kind of behavior. These studies had as participant two clients who were looking for coaching service, one behavior analyst coaching professional, and an external observer. The interventions consisted of ten individual coaching meetings for each client. In such meetings, the objectives of each client were discussed and individualized interventions were performed in order to handle contingencies that established and/or maintained behaviors related to coaching objectives. To measure result, different measurement were used, from conventional such as scales and inventories (e. g. BDI, STAI, etc.) to direct measurements of the evolution of behavior occurring during coaching meetings. The results of the studies indicated that coaching conducted by an behavior analyst was effective for both clients irrespective of the means of measurement used, both if resorting to comparison of results of traditional scoring instruments obtained before and after coaching (Study 1), as through measurements derived from direct observations. The interventions were effective in promoting both the engagement for retirement (Study 2) and the freedom of thought (Study 3). In addition, Study 1 presents evidence that the To the technique /tool is effective in evoking behaviors related to coaching objectives, that is, commitment
Coaching tem sido uma prática de intervenção crescente no Brasil e no restante do mundo. Apesar do aumento da procura por este tipo de serviço, ainda são poucas as pesquisas que dão sustentação a esta prática. A Análise do Comportamento é um campo do saber multidimensional que tem como objeto de estudo o comportamento. Tem um corpo bem desenvolvido de pesquisas básicas, aplicadas e eixo teórico-filosófico, além de ter produzido uma série de tecnologias de mudança comportamental. A presente tese visa, de modo geral, discutir e aproximar este campo do saber desta prática de intervenção. Mais especificamente, a tese é composta de uma breve discussão a respeito de coaching e Análise do Comportamento e da apresentação de três estudos. O Estudo 1 visou discutir a efetividade do coaching, utilizando-se de medidas tradicionais (escalas e inventários), porém lançando mão de um delineamento de sujeito único, característico das pesquisas na área de Análise do Comportamento. Além disso, teve um segundo objetivo que foi verificar a efetividade da técnica/ferramenta To do , frequentemente utilizada por quem trabalha com coaching. O Estudo 2 caracteriza-se por ser um estudo de caso cujo objetivo foi verificar a efetividade do coaching, feito por um analista do comportamento, em desenvolver e/ou manter comportamentos que preparem o indivíduo para a aposentadoria, no sentido de ter planos de carreira, reserva financeira, zelar por relacionamentos que possam dar suporte na velhice (como familiar, afetivo e social) e cuidar da saúde. O Estudo 3 caracteriza-se por ser um estudo de caso cujo objetivo é verificar a efetividade do coaching, feito por um analista do comportamento, para desenvolver autonomia de pensamento ou comportamento do tipo Tracking. Para estes estudos, foram participantes da pesquisa duas pessoas que procuravam um serviço de coaching, um profissional de coaching analista do comportamento e um observador externo. As intervenções consistiram de um pacote de dez reuniões de coaching individuais para cada cliente. Nestas reuniões foram discutidos os objetivos de cada um e foram feitas as intervenções individualizadas visando manejar contingências que instalassem e/ou mantivessem os comportamentos relacionados aos objetivos do coaching. Como medidas de resultado, foram utilizadas diferentes medidas, desde as convencionais como escalas e inventários (e. g. BDI, IDATE, etc.) até medidas diretas da evolução dos comportamentos que ocorriam nas reuniões de coaching. Os resultados dos estudos indicaram que o coaching feito por um analista do comportamento foi efetivo para ambos os clientes independente do meio de mensuração utilizado, tanto lançando mão de comparações de resultados de escores de instrumentos tradicionais obtidos antes e após o coaching (Estudo 1), como por meio de medidas oriundas de observações diretas. As intervenções foram capazes de promover tanto o engajamento para aposentadoria (Estudo 2), quanto autonomia de pensamento (Estudo 3). Além disso, o Estudo 1 apresenta evidências que a técnica/ferramenta To do é efetiva em evocar comportamentos relacionados aos objetivos do coaching, ou seja, comprometimento
Tavares, Lucas Alves. "O envolvimento da proteína adaptadora 1 (AP-1) no mecanismo de regulação negativa do receptor CD4 por Nef de HIV-1." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17136/tde-06012017-113215/.
Повний текст джерелаThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the etiologic agent of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is a disease which has a global distribution, and it is estimated that there are currently at least 36.9 million people infected with the virus. During the replication cycle, HIV promotes several changes in the physiology of the host cell to promote their survival and enhance replication. The fast progression of HIV-1 in humans and animal models is closely linked to the function of an accessory protein Nef. Among several actions of Nef, one is the most important is the down-regulation of proteins from the immune response, such as the CD4 receptor. It is known that this action causes CD4 degradation in lysosome, but the molecular mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Nef forms a tripartite complex with the cytosolic tail of the CD4 and adapter protein 2 (AP-2) in clathrin-coated vesicles, inducing CD4 internalization and lysosome degradation. Previous research has demonstrated that CD4 target to lysosomes by Nef involves targeting of this receptor to multivesicular bodies (MVBs) pathway by an atypical mechanism because, although not need charging ubiquitination, depends on the proteins from ESCRTs (Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport) machinery and the action of Alix, an accessory protein ESCRT machinery. It has been reported that Nef interacts with subunits of AP- 1, AP-2, AP-3 complexes and Nef does not appear to interact with AP-4 and AP-5 subunits. However, the role of Nef interaction with AP-1 or AP-3 in CD4 down-regulation is poorly understood. Furthermore, AP-1, AP-2 and AP-3 are potentially heterogeneous due to the existence of multiple subunits isoforms encoded by different genes. However, there are few studies to demonstrate if the different combinations of APs isoforms are form and if they have distinct functional properties. This study aim to identify and characterize cellular factors involved on CD4 down-modulation induced by Nef from HIV-1. More specifically, this study aimed to characterize the involvement of AP-1 complex in the down-regulation of CD4 by Nef HIV-1 through the functional study of the two isoforms of ?-adaptins, AP-1 subunits. By pull-down technique, we showed that Nef is able to interact with ?2. In addition, our data from immunoblots indicated that ?2- adaptin, not ?1-adaptin, is required in Nef-mediated targeting of CD4 to lysosomes and the ?2 participation in this process is conserved by Nef from different viral strains. Furthermore, by flow cytometry assay, ?2 depletion, but not ?1 depletion, compromises the reduction of surface CD4 levels induced by Nef. Immunofluorescence microscopy analysis also revealed that ?2 depletion impairs the redistribution of CD4 by Nef to juxtanuclear region, resulting in CD4 accumulation in primary endosomes. Knockdown of ?1A, another subunit of AP-1, resulted in decreased cellular levels of ?1 and ?2 and, compromising the efficient CD4 degradation by Nef. Moreover, upon artificially stabilizing ESCRT-I in early endosomes, via overexpression of HRS, internalized CD4 accumulates in enlarged HRS-GFP positive endosomes, where co-localize with ?2. Together, the results indicate that ?2-adaptin is a molecule that is essential for CD4 targeting by Nef to ESCRT/MVB pathway, being an important protein in the endo-lysosomal system. Furthermore, the results indicate that ?-adaptins isoforms not only have different functions, but also seem to compose AP-1 complex with distinct cell functions, and only the AP-1 variant comprising ?2, but not ?1, acts in the CD4 down-regulation induced by Nef. These studies contribute to a better understanding on the molecular mechanisms involved in Nef activities, which may also help to improve the understanding of the HIV pathogenesis and the related syndrome. In addition, this work contributes with the understanding of primordial process regulation on intracellular trafficking of transmembrane proteins.
Vasan, Soumini. "Cascades of genetic instability resulting from compromised break-induced replication." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/5047.
Повний текст джерелаBreak-induced replication (BIR) is a mechanism to repair double-strand breaks (DSBs) that possess only a single end that can find homology in the genome. This situation can result from the collapse of replication forks or telomere erosion. BIR frequently produces various genetic instabilities including mutations, loss of heterozygosity, deletions, duplications, and template switching that can result in copy-number variations (CNVs). An important type of genomic rearrangement specifically linked to BIR is half crossovers (HCs), which result from fusions between parts of recombining chromosomes. Because HC formation produces a fused molecule as well as a broken chromosome fragment, these events could be highly destabilizing. Here I demonstrate that HC formation results from the interruption of BIR caused by a defective replisome or premature onset of mitosis. Additionally, I document the existence of half crossover instability cascades (HCC) that resemble cycles of non-reciprocal translocations (NRTs) previously described in human tumors. I postulate that HCs represent a potent source of genetic destabilization with significant consequences that mimic those observed in human diseases, including cancer.
KUNC, Martin. "Dynamická analýza malware s cílem získávání indikátorů kompromitace a jejich následném využití." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-391177.
Повний текст джерелаPaiva, Bárbara Cecília Bessa dos Santos Oliveiros. "Técnicas de Classificação, Diagnóstico e Avaliação de Risco em Doenças com Compromisso da Visão." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/26583.
Повний текст джерелаAs doenças da visão incluem a cegueira e a baixa visão, e afetam cerca de 4,25% da população mundial. Cerca de 80% destas podem ser prevenidas ou curadas. Estas estimativas, da Organização Mundial de Saúde, referem que 82% das pessoas com cegueira têm 50 ou mais anos. A sua prevalência está relacionada com o envelhecimento da população, emergindo neste contexto as doenças do segmento posterior. Nestas, inclui-se a retinopatia diabética, uma manifestação clínica da diabetes mellitus. Esta doença sistémica é a principal causa de novos casos de cegueira em todo o mundo, entre os 20 e os 74 anos de idade, sendo a complicação referida causada por danos acumulados ao longo do tempo sobretudo nos pequenos vasos sanguíneos na retina. A diabetes, especialmente do tipo 2, está entre as principais causas de morte e de invalidez, apresentando um elevado peso económico em todo o mundo. Teme-se que esta doença se torne epidémica, dado o aumento da sua incidência e prevalência devido ao crescimento e ao envelhecimento das populações, e ainda a alterações no estilo de vida tais como a redução da atividade física e o aumento da obesidade. Assim, a retinopatia diabética foi adicionada à lista de prioridades no que diz respeito a doenças da visão evitáveis. As últimas estimativas de prevalência de diabetes na população portuguesa entre os 20 e os 79 anos datam de 2012, e referem uma prevalência de 12,9%, representando um aumento de 1,2% desde 2009. Neste ano, a retinopatia diabética foi referida como a principal causa de cegueira na população portuguesa em idade ativa. A necessidade de diagnosticar precocemente ambas as doenças é fundamental em todos os contextos socioeconómicos, a fim de reduzir os seus custos diretos e, principalmente, os custos indiretos e intangíveis, quer para os diabéticos e seus familiares, quer para os Serviços Nacionais de Saúde. Apesar de os métodos para diagnóstico destas doenças estarem claramente definidos, a necessidade de encontrar novos marcadores e classificadores não invasivos, utilizados para rastreio noutros contextos médicos, tornou-se de extrema importância. Para construir um modelo que identificasse marcadores da diabetes tipo 2, utilizou-se uma amostra de treino constituída por 96 casos, dos quais 49 eram diabéticos tipo 2, com idade compreendida entre os 40 e os 75 anos. O grupo de diabéticos foi usado para o desenvolvimento de um classificador de retinopatia diabética em diabéticos tipo 2, na mesma faixa etária, sendo a amostra constituída por 40 sujeitos, dos quais 20 tinham retinopatia diabética não-proliferativa. Foi avaliada a correlação e concordância entre as medidas obtidas para os olhos direito e esquerdo, obtidas por Tomografia de Coerência Óptica, concluindo-se que um olho era suficiente para a análise. Foi seleccionado o olho dominante, já que os testes visuais psicofísicos foram realizados apenas neste olho. Foi construída uma medida global do desempenho para cada teste psicofísico (velocidade, visão acromática e visão cromática nos eixos Protan, Deutan e Tritan) com base nos valores obtidos para os meridianos 0º, 45º, 90º e 135º, em cada sujeito. Posteriormente, foi necessário proceder a uma redução de variáveis, tendo-se comparado os grupos através do teste t-Student para amostras independentes ou do teste de Mann-Whitney, de acordo com a distribuição amostral. Apenas prosseguiram em análise as variáveis que apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos, ao nível de significância de 5%. Subsequentemente, foi usada a análise Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), com o mesmo nível de significância, e identificou-se o conjunto das variáveis que, individualmente, podiam separar os grupos. Tornou-se assim possível a aplicação de métodos de classificação estatística, tais como a análise discriminante, a regressão logística e a utilização de algoritmos de árvore de decisão, ao conjunto de variáveis remanescentes. O desempenho dos classificadores estatísticos obtidos para a diabetes tipo 2 foi comparado, quer na amostra de treino, quer num conjunto de novos indivíduos participantes. O desempenho dos classificadores para a retinopatia diabética não proliferativa foi avaliado apenas na amostra de treino, mas tenciona-se também testá-lo, futuramente, num conjunto de novos sujeitos. O desempenho dos classificadores foi avaliado através da avaliação da sua acuidade, determinada pela área sob a curva ROC obtida para as probabilidades a posteriori de cada um dos modelos, e pela sensibilidade e razão de verossimilhança positiva determinada para as classificações nos grupos. Um classificador final é apresentado, quer para diabéticos tipo 2 com idades entre 40 e 75 anos de idade, quer para a retinopatia diabética não-proliferativa em diabéticos tipo 2, na mesma faixa etária, assim como os seus valores preditivos positivos ajustados para os dados mais recentes da prevalência de cada doença na população portuguesa. A visão cromática relativa ao eixo dos cones Tritan parece desempenhar um papel dominante para a classificação de ambas as doenças.
Visual impairment, which includes blindness and low vision, affects about 4.25% of the world population, and about 80% is avoidable, since it can be prevented or cured. Those estimates, from the World Health Organization, refer that 82% of blind people are aged 50 or more. The largest proportion of visual impairment is necessarily related to the increase of the ageing of populations, and where posterior segment (retinal) diseases dominate. Among these diseases, there is diabetic retinopathy, an ocular manifestation of diabetes mellitus. This systemic disease, is the leading cause of new cases of blindness around the world in persons aged between 20 and 74 years old, and occurs as a result of long-term accumulated damage to the small blood vessels in the retina. Furthermore, the eye is considered to play an important role in the diagnostic of systemic diseases due to its composition. Every part of the eye is able to give important clues for diagnosis. Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2, is among the leading causes of death, disability and economic loss throughout the world. It is feared to become an epidemic disease, since its incidence and prevalence are increasing, mainly due to population growth and ageing, as well as a result of alterations in lifestyle, which are leading to the reduction of physical activity and to the increase of obesity. With its increase, diabetic retinopathy was gained a prominent role in the list of preventable visual impairment. The latest prevalence estimates for diabetes in the Portuguese population aged between 20 and 79 years date from 2012, and referred a value of 12.9%, which represents an increment of 1.2% since 2009. In fact, in 2009, diabetic retinopathy was referred as the leading cause of blindness for the Portuguese population in active age. The need for early diagnosis of both the diseases and its ocular complications is crucial in all socioeconomic contexts, in order to reduce its burden due to its direct costs, and mainly due to its indirect and intangible costs, either for diabetics and their families, or for the National Health Services. In spite of the fact that methods for diagnosing those diseases are clearly defined, the need to find new markers and non-invasive classifiers used for screening in other medical contexts has become of extreme importance. A training sample for determination of markers for type 2 diabetes was used, comprising 96 cases, of which 49 were type 2 diabetics, aged between 40 and 75 years old. The group of diabetics was used to build a classifier for diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetics in the same age group, and the sample comprised 40 subjects from which 20 had non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Correlation and concordance between measures obtained by Optical Coherence Tomography in the left and right eyes of the same subjects was evaluated, leading to the conclusion that only one eye was needed for the analysis. Hence, the dominant eye was selected for analysis since visual psychophysics tests were performed only in that eye. A global measure of the performance, for each subject, in each one of the visual psychophysics tests (speed, achromatic vision and chromatic vision over the Protan, Deutan and Tritan axes) was build, based upon values obtained for the 0º, 45º, 90º and 135º meridians. Afterwards, a variable reduction was performed applying an independent samples t test or a Mann-Whitney test, according to data distribution, and only the variables that showed statistical significances, at 5% significance level, were selected to remain in the analysis. Subsequently, a Receiver Operating Characteristic curve was applied to each one of the remaining variables, using the same significance level, and the set of variables which were able to separate groups, individually, was identified. By then, it was possible to apply different statistical classifying methods, such as discriminant analysis, logistic regression and decision tree algorithms. The performance of the classifiers obtained for type 2 diabetes was compared either in the training set, or in a test set of new subjects. Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy classifiers were only tested on the training sample, at the moment. Hereafter, we intend to test their performance in a set of new cases. The performance of those classifiers was assessed using accuracy measures, determined by the area under the ROC curve for the posterior probabilities of models, and according to its sensitivity and positive likelihood ratio for group classification. A final classifier is presented, either for type 2 diabetics aged between 40 and 75 years, or for non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetics for the same age group, as well as its positive predictive values adjusted for the latest data on the Portuguese prevalence for each disease. Whichever the clinical category (presence of disease or complications), chromatic vision over the Tritan cone seems to play a main role for the classification of both diseases.
Carvalho, Filipe José da Fonseca. "A comunicação do compromisso para com o desenvolvimento sustentável, das organizações portuguesas certificadas em qualidade, ambiente e segurança." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/39189.
Повний текст джерелаAtualmente, as organizações, a nível mundial, procuram, cada vez mais, legitimar perante as partes interessadas a sua atuação responsável nas três dimensões do desenvolvimento sustentável, ou seja, na dimensão económica, ambiental e social. Neste sentido, as organizações portuguesas tem vindo adotar a certificação dos sistemas integrados de gestão, (qualidade, ambiente, segurança e saúde do trabalho), como forma de demonstrarem o seu compromisso para com o desenvolvimento sustentável. O objeto de estudo da atual investigação fundamenta-se na comunicação do compromisso para com o desenvolvimento sustentável, no âmbito da análise dos conteúdos estratégicos que são publicados e divulgados no website institucional, por 540 organizações portuguesas certificadas em qualidade, ambiente e segurança. O enquadramento teórico é suportado por três teorias organizacionais: a teoria institucional, a teoria da legitimidade e a teoria dos stakeholders, comumente associadas na literatura a processos de divulgação de informação. O método de investigação apoiou-se na técnica de análise de conteúdo, para explorar os compromissos assumidos pela gestão de topo, aquando da aprovação das declarações da visão, missão, valores, objetivos, princípios de negócio, estratégia empresarial e políticas da organização. Entre os compromissos para com o desenvolvimento sustentável analisados, constatou-se que os três mais frequentes são relativos aos clientes (consumidores), recursos humanos (colaboradores) e melhoria contínua. O perfil da organização em que a comunicação do compromisso para com o desenvolvimento sustentável é mais proeminente, carateriza-se por agrupar organizações com elevado volume de vendas, que assumem a forma jurídica de sociedade anónima (S.A.), que se localizam nos distritos de Lisboa ou Setúbal, que se designam por entidades públicas, que pertencem a um grupo membro do BCSD Portugal e que publicam relatórios (contas e sustentabilidade) na Internet.
Nowadays and worldwide, organizations seek increasingly legitimate its responsible behaviour to stakeholders in three dimensions of the sustainable development, the economic, environmental and social dimension. In this sense, the Portuguese organizations have adopted the certification of integrated management systems (quality, environment, occupational health and safety), in order to demonstrate their commitment towards sustainable development. The object of study of current research is based on the communication of commitment towards sustainable development within the analysis of the strategic content that is published and disclosed in the institutional websites of 540 Portuguese organizations certified in quality, environment and safety. The theoretical framework is supported by three organizational theories: the institutional theory, the legitimacy theory and the stakeholder theory, commonly associated in the literature to disclosure of information processes. The method of investigation relied on the content analysis technique to explore the commitments made by top management when adopting statements of the vision, mission, values, goals, business principles, corporate strategy and policies of the organization. Among the commitments towards sustainable development analysed, it was found that the three most common are related to customers (consumers), human resources (employees) and continuous improvement. The profile of the organization in which the communication of commitment towards sustainable development is more prominent, is characterized to group organizations with high volume sales, which take the legal form of public Iimited company or corporation (PLC), which are located in the districts of Lisbon or Setubal, which are called public entities, which belong to an group member of BCSD Portugal (Business Council for Sustainable Development) and which publish reports (accounts and sustainability) on the Internet.
Santos-Pereira, Carla. "Reconhecimento de padrões: classificação supervisionada com rejeição de observações." Doctoral thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/961.
Повний текст джерелаA elaboração desta tese teve em atenção dois objectivos principais: em primeiro lugar dar uma visão global sobre o tema do reconhecimento de padrões e em particular sobre a classificação supervisionada; em segundo lugar, desenvolver uma metodologia de classificação de um objecto, em c+2 classes, alternativa à clássica, com introdução de duas classes de rejeição, uma por indecisão, outra para outliers. Os dois primeiros capítulos estão relacionados com o primeiro e os restantes com o segundo. O terceiro e quarto capítulo abordam, respectivamente, a questão da rejeição por indecisão e por existência de outliers. No Capítulo 4 propõe-se um novo método de detecção de outliers, RRO, baseado na divisão dos dados em nuvens e na utilização de diferentes tipos de estimadores (robustos e clássicos). No Capítulo 5 descrevem-se e discutem-se os resultados de um estudo de simulação, para comparação da RRO com os métodos tradicionais existentes. Mostra-se que além de funcionar bem nas situações tradicionais, também revela um bom desempenho em contextos mais gerais. O Capítulo 6 é dedicado à apresentação do método genérico de classificação em c+2 classes. Finalmente no Capítulo 7 registam-se as principais conclusões e referem-se linhas de orientação para continuação do trabalho aqui iniciado.
This thesis was developed bearing in mind two main purposes: first, to give an overview of the pattern recognition area, and supervised classification in particular; second, the development of a methodology to classify an object into c+2 classes, in alternative to the classical one, with the introduction of two rejection classes, one for indecision (doubt) and one for outliers. The first two chapters are related to the first purpose and the remaining to the second. The third and fourth chapters address the question of rejection by indecision and rejection for outliers, respectively. In Chapter 4 a new method to detect outliers, RRO, based on clustering analysis and different estimators (classical and robust), is proposed. Chapter 5 describes and discusses the results of a simulation study designed to compare the RRO with the traditional methods. It is showed that, while performing well in traditional situations, the method reveals a good performance in general contexts. Chapter 6 is devoted to the presentation of a generic classification method into c+2 classes. Finally, Chapter 7 states the main conclusions and some guidelines to proceed with the work started here.
Orientação: Professora Doutora Ana Pires.
Fonseca, Soraia Alfaro Falcão da. "The buffer role of psychological flexibility against the impact of major life events on depression symptoms." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/85338.
Повний текст джерелаObjetivos: Acontecimentos de vida major têm sido associados positivamente a sintomas depressivos. Embora a flexibilidade psicológica tenha sido associada a estratégias de coping adaptativas e negativamente a sintomas depressivos, ainda não está claro se a flexibilidade psicológica pode funcionar como um processo protetor contra o impacto pervasivo dos acontecimentos de vida major. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo explorar o efeito moderador da flexibilidade psicológica na associação entre o número cumulativo de acontecimentos de vida major, sua avaliação negativa e os sintomas depressivos.Métodos: Quatrocentos e um participantes (N = 401), 280 do sexo feminino e 121 do masculino, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e 65 anos, preencheram um conjunto de medidas de auto-resposta, avaliando o número de acontecimentos de vida major e sua avaliação, a flexibilidade psicológica e os sintomas depressivos.Resultados: As análises de correlação mostraram uma associação negativa e forte entre a flexibilidade psicológica e os sintomas depressivos. As path analyses revelaram que a flexibilidade psicológica atenuou o efeito do número cumulativo de acontecimentos de vida major (nos últimos 12 meses) e o seu impacto negativo nos sintomas depressivos.Conclusões: O estudo destaca o papel amortecedor da flexibilidade psicológica na associação entre o número de acontecimentos de vida major, sua avaliação negativa e os sintomas depressivos. Estes resultados sugerem que ser capaz de entrar em contacto com o momento presente numa atitude de aceitação e não julgamento das suas experiências internas e envolver-se em ações comprometidas pelos valores, pode proteger os indíviduos contra o impacto pervasivo dos acontecimentos de vida major nos sintomas depressivos.
Purpose: Major life events have been positively associated with depression symptoms. Although psychological flexibility has been associated with adaptive coping skills and negatively linked with depression symptoms, it remains unclear whether psychological flexibility may operate as a protective process against the pervasive impact of major life events. Thus, the present study aimed to explore the moderator effect of psychological flexibility on the association between the cumulative number of major life events and its negative appraisal with depression symptoms.Methods: Four hundred one participants (280 female and 121 male) aged between 18 and 65 years old completed a set of self-report measures assessing the number of major life events and its appraisal, psychological flexibility, and depression symptoms.Results: Correlation analyses showed a negative and strong association between psychological flexibility and depression symptoms. Path analyses revealed that psychological flexibility attenuated the effect of the cumulative number of major life events (in the last 12 months) and its negative impact on depression symptoms.Conclusions: The study highlights the buffer role of psychological flexibility on the association between the number of major life events, its negative appraisal, and depression symptoms. These findings suggest that being able to contact with the present moment with an accepting and non-judging attitude towards internal experiences, and to engage in valued-based action, may protect individuals against the pervasive impact of major life events on depression symptoms.