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Дисертації з теми "Analyse de synténies"
Lariviere, Delphine. "Méthodes bioinformatiques d'analyse de l'histoire évolutive des familles de gènes ˸ intégration de données, indices évolutifs, et analyses fonctionnelles appliquées aux familles de gènes impliquées dans la réponse des plantes aux stress environnementaux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier, SupAgro, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NSAM0041.
Повний текст джерелаThe study of gene families and their evolutive history brings precious evidences for the functional annotation of families. The functional transfer depends on one hand on the relationship between genes, and on another hand on the sequence divergence. In order to facilitate the comprehension of gene families, the inference of their evolutive history must be correlated to functional evidences and annotations. This inference is possible through the integration of several heterogeneous data. Evolutive evidences can come from several different data sources and need several tools . It is therefore important to clearly identify both these sources and tools, but also to implement their integration in a common analysis specific to the studied organisms. After studying plant genomes specificities, and their specific mode of evolution, we responded to this problematic through the development of an integrative system containing expertingly chosen data, and implemented tools dedicated to the analysis of gene families. The system also propose a synthetic visualisation analytic tool and an original method to integrate syntenic data for gene family analysis. This system has then been used to study gene family of interest, implied in abiotic stress resistance in plants, that allows us to discuss the intake of the system for gene family analysis
Barchi, Lorenzo. "Construction d'une carte haute résolution intra-spécifique du piment (Capsicum annuum L. ) et analyse QTL des caractères agronomiques." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20029.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of the present PhD thesis was to develop a high resolution intra-specific map of pepper (C. Annuum L. ) in order to integrate genetic information for horticultural traits and to generate new tools for further improvements of pepper genome in multitrait breeding programs. At first 49 EST derived SSR markers were developed for mapping purposes, and for providing anchor markers in cross-species comparative mapping. The high resolution intra-specific map was constructed using a population of 297 F5 recombinant inbred lines. The parents were the large-fruited inbred cultivar 'Yolo Wonder' and the hot pepper line 'Criollo de Morelos 334'. A total of 597 molecular markers were applied. The framework map covered 1857 cM with an average inter-marker distance of 5. 71 cM. In addition the use of the largest population ever used in pepper and he use of an F5 generation provided a good level of resolution. A QTL analysis of 13 horticultural traits (i. E fruit and plant traits) was performed in the RIL mapping population as well as in two double haploid populations originating from the crosses Perennial X Yolo Wonder and H3 X Vania. A total of 14 and 6 common QTLs controlling fruit and plant traits respectively were found to be shared among the three populations. An analysis of synteny among tomato, pepper, potato and eggplant for common genomic regions controlling horticultural traits was carried out. Putative orthologous regions were found, which may have been conserved during evolution and independent selection performed on these species. Through selective genotyping subsets of the most informative RILs (141, 93, 45 or 29) were identified, in order to reduce the genotyping and phenotyping efforts. Results showed that larger subpopulations delivered reasonable mapping precision. On the contrary, the selective genotyping approach for QTL detection seems not appropriate because only major QTLs with an R2 value >30-40% were detected in the RIL subsets
Lemoine, Frédéric. "Intégration, interrogation et analyse de données de génomique comparative." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112180.
Повний текст джерелаOur work takes place within the « Microbiogenomics » project. Microbiogenomics aims at building a genomic prokaryotic data warehouse. This data warehouse gathers numerous data currently dispersed, in order to improve functional annotation of bacterial genomes. Within this project, our work contains several facets. The first one focuses mainly on the analyses of biological data. We are particularly interested in the conservation of gene order during the evolution of prokaryotic genomes. To do so, we designed a computational pipeline aiming at detecting the areas whose gene order is conserved. We then studied the relative evolution of the proteins coded by genes that are located in conserved areas, in comparison with the other proteins. This data were made available through the SynteView synteny visualization tool (http://www. Synteview. U-psud. Fr). Moreover, to broaden the analysis of these data, we need to cross them with other kinds of data, such as pathway data. These data, often dispersed and heterogeneous, are difficult to query. That is why, in a second step, we were interested in querying the Microbiogenomics data warehouse. We designed an architecture and some algorithms to query the data warehouse, while keeping the different points of view given by the sources. These algorithms were implemented in GenoQuery (http://www. Lri. Fr/~lemoine/GenoQuery), a prototype querying module adapted to a genomic data warehouse
Colombo, Tristan. "Algorithmes pour la recherche de classes de gènes en relations fonctionnelles par analyse de proximités et de similarités de séquences." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008447.
Повний текст джерелаDeniélou, Yves-Pol. "Alignement multiple de données génomiques et post-génomiques : approches algorithmiques." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENM076.
Повний текст джерелаMultiple alignment of biological networks is used to extract functional information from high-throughput data represented by graphs. This data can be protein-protein interactions, metabolic pathways or even the gene layout on a chromosome. We start by giving a precise formalism, based on the notions of layered datagraph and alignment multigraph (MGA), which defines local multiple alignments in the datagraph, allowing for example the tuning of the topology conservation between networks. Next, we present a new algorithm that builds and partitions the MGA ''on the fly", which allows us to deal with alignment of numerous biological networks. In a second part, we extend the formalism to be able to recover alignments - which we call ''partial" - when there are missing nodes on some networks. We explain the algorithms we have designed to compute those alignments, and then we give some improvements and some variants tailored to deal with specific biological problems
Lemaitre, Claire. "Réarrangements chromosomiques dans les génomes de mammifères : caractérisation des points de cassure." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00364265.
Повний текст джерелаPoirion, Olivier. "Discrimination analytique des génomes bactériens." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECDL0033/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe genome of bacteria is classically separated into essential, stable and slow evolving replicons (chromosomes) and accessory, mobile and rapidly evolving replicons (plasmids). This paradigm is being questioned since the discovery of extra-chromosomal essential replicons (ECERs), be they called ”megaplasmids”, ”secondary chromosomes” or ”chromids”, which possess both chromosomal and plasmidic features. These ECERs are found in diverse lineages across the bacterial phylogeny and are generally believed to be modified plasmids. However, their true nature and the mechanisms permitting their integration within the sable genome are yet to be formally determined. The relationships between replicons, with reference to their genetic information inheritance systems (GIIS), were explored under the assumption that the inheritance of ECERs is integrated to the cell cycle and highly constrained in contrast to that of standard plasmids. A global comparative genomics analysis including all available of complete bacterial genome sequences, was performed using GIIS functional homologues as parameters and applying several analytical procedures. GIIS proved appropriate in characterizing the level of integration within the stable genome, as well as the origins, of the replicons. The study of ECERs thus provides clues to the genetic mechanisms and evolutionary processes involved in the replicon stabilization into the essential genome and the continuity of the genomic material