Дисертації з теми "Analyse de distribution angulaire"
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Caumont-Prim, Chloé. "Détermination de la distribution de taille des nanoparticules de suie par analyse du spectre d'extinction et de diffusion angulaire de la lumière." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00800137.
Повний текст джерелаMoisan, Josiane. "Analyse et caractérisation des résidus lourds produits dans les réactions 129Xe+natSn entre 8 et 25 AMeV." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25664/25664.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаKapoor, Tejhas. "Search for new physics via the analysis of angular distributions of B_d → D* ৷ ν and B_s → φ φ decays". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP069.
Повний текст джерелаWe investigate the physics beyond the Standard Model by studying the angular distributions of different B meson decays. The first decay we consider is the semileptonic B_d → D* ৷ ν decay, where l is a light lepton (e or μ). The arrival of the new lattice QCD data allows us to extract new physics parameters, which was not possible with only the experimental data. Thus, we reanalyze the Belle data along with the lattice QCD data on B_d → D* form factors to simultaneously fit the form factors, Vcb and right-handed new physics coupling, whose sensitivity is found to be ~ 3-5%. In addition, by generating unbinned pseudo-dataset, we perform a sensitivity study on more general new physics models along with the lattice data. We find the right-handed and tensor new physics couplings to be constrained ~ 2-4%, while it is not so good for pseudoscalar case (~ 20-30%). The second decay we study is B_d → D* τ ν. Since τ is not detected directly in experiments, we first write a measurable angular distribution by considering the τ → μ ν ν decay. As there is no experimental data available for it, we perform a sensitivity study by generating a pseudo-dataset from fit results of B_d → D* ৷ ν (৷ = e, μ) for different new physics models. Even with lesser events than the previous light lepton case, the sensitivities are comparable. Finally, we move on to hadronic B decays, and investigate the time-dependent angular analysis of B_s → φ φ decay to search for new physics signals via CP-violating observables. Using an effective Hamiltonian containing left- and right-handed Chromomagnetic operators, we find that the hierarchy of helicity amplitudes in this model gives us a new scheme of experimental search, which is different from the one LHCb has performed in its analysis. To illustrate this new scheme, we perform a sensitivity study using two pseudo-datasets generated using LHCb's measured values and obtain sensitivity of CP-violating observables to be of the order of 5-7% with the current LHCb statistics. Moreover, we also explore the relationship between LHCb's B_s → φ φ and Belle (II)'s B_d → φ K_s results, and show that together, they can give us the chirality of new physics within our model
Bach, Jessica. "Les modèles de régression angulaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25492.
Повний текст джерелаFor the analysis of directional data, there are three types of regression models: angular-linear, linear-angular and angular-angular. The type of regression depends on the nature of the data. Hence, if the explanatory variable and the response variable are angles, the angular-angular regression model can explain the relationship between these variables. Several models have been developed for this purpose and in this paper, three of these directional models are discussed: the decentred predictor of Rivest (1997), the Mobius model Downs & Mardia (2002) and the nonparametric regression of Di Marzio et al. (2012). Estimation procedures are highlighted for the parameters of each of these models. We compare the models together with simulations and examples using real data.
STARCK, JEAN-LUC. "Analyse en ondelettes et imagerie a haute resolution angulaire." Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE4576.
Повний текст джерелаBomme, Cédric. "Dynamique des processus de photoionisation d‘atomes et molécules excités en couches profondes." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066014.
Повний текст джерелаIn this PhD thesis, we study dynamical processes induced by resonant excitation or direct ionization in deep K shell through experimental measurement realized on model systems, the argon atom and the carbonyl sulfide molecule, OCS. We developed a new experimental setup, CELIMENE dedicated to coincidence measurement of charged fragments created after interaction between free atoms/molecules and synchrotron radiation. On Argon ionized at the K shell, the ion recoil of Ar n+ due to Auger electrons emission is measured for each ionic state and is used to disentangle relaxation pathways and the radiative decay rate in one measurement. This measurement performed in coincidence with the photoelectron is then used to estimate the lifetime of the intermediate state. For the OCS molecule ionized at the S1s shell, we used molecular mass center recoil to determine the main relaxation pathways for each fragmentation channel and measurement of the PCI effect on the photoelectron allowed a determination of the lifetime of the intermediate states in a molecular system. The comparison of the experimental and theoretical MFPADs has been done for the first time in the tender x-ray region for the OCS molecule ionized above S1s threshold. Finally, measurements of the momentum of the O+ C+ S+ fragments combined with a Coulomb explosion simulation allowed us to carefully study the dynamics the molecular three body fragmentation
Münchmeyer, Moritz. "Large-scale anisotropies in the high energy cosmic ray sky." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066651.
Повний текст джерелаVignerot, Véronique. "Analyse mécanique des conditions optimales de départ en sprint - application aux modalités d'apprentissage du déséquilibre." Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2341.
Повний текст джерелаSun, Changyu. "Reconstruction et description des fonctions de distribution d'orientation en imagerie de diffusion à haute résolution angulaire." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0119/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis concerns the reconstruction and description of orientation distribution functions (ODFs) in high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) such as q-ball imaging (QBI). QBI is used to analyze more accurately fiber structures (crossing, bending, fanning, etc.) in a voxel. In this field, the ODF reconstructed from QBI is widely used for resolving complex intravoxel fiber configuration problem. However, until now, the assessment of the characteristics or quality of ODFs remains mainly visual and qualitative, although the use of a few objective quality metrics is also reported that are directly borrowed from classical signal and image processing theory. At the same time, although some metrics such as generalized anisotropy (GA) and generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA) have been proposed for classifying intravoxel fiber configurations, the classification of the latters is still a problem. On the other hand, QBI often needs an important number of acquisitions (usually more than 60 directions) to compute accurately ODFs. So, reducing the quantity of QBI data (i.e. shortening acquisition time) while maintaining ODF quality is a real challenge. In this context, we have addressed the problems of how to reconstruct high-quality ODFs and assess their characteristics. We have proposed a new paradigm allowing describing the characteristics of ODFs more quantitatively. It consists of regarding an ODF as a general three-dimensional (3D) point cloud, projecting a 3D point cloud onto an angle-distance map (ADM), constructing an angle-distance matrix (ADMAT), and calculating morphological characteristics of the ODF such as length ratio, separability and uncertainty. In particular, a new metric, called PEAM (PEAnut Metric), which is based on computing the deviation of ODFs from a single fiber ODF represented by a peanut, was proposed and used to classify intravoxel fiber configurations. Several ODF reconstruction methods have also been compared using the proposed metrics. The results showed that the characteristics of 3D point clouds can be well assessed in a relatively complete and quantitative manner. Concerning the reconstruction of high-quality ODFs with reduced data, we have proposed two methods. The first method is based on interpolation by Delaunay triangulation and imposing constraints in both q-space and spatial space. The second method combines random gradient diffusion direction sampling, compressed sensing, resampling density increasing, and missing diffusion signal recovering. The results showed that the proposed missing diffusion signal recovering approaches enable us to obtain accurate ODFs with relatively fewer number of diffusion signals
Mugnier, Laurent. "Problèmes inverses en Haute Résolution Angulaire." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00654835.
Повний текст джерелаMarriott, P. "Angular and mass resolved energy distribution measurements with a gallium liquid metal ion source." Thesis, University of Salford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376877.
Повний текст джерелаDohin, Bruno. "Influence de la toxine botulique sur la vitesse angulaire articulaire chez l'enfant spastique marchant." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10178.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work was to verify that the treatment by botulinum toxin in cerebral palsy children had an influence on the joint angular velocity. A cohort study was conduct on 10 subjects, observing the clinical examination of range of motion, the functional capacities, the spasticity level, the kinematic and the kinetics data and the dynamic electromyography. The data were collected before the administration of botulinum toxin, then 2 and 6 months later. The target muscles were rectus femoris and medial hamstrings. The analysis was limited to the hip and knee in the sagittal plan. The results shown variations of clinical examinisation and kinematic and kinetic data after administration of botulinum toxin. Those were correlated with the varaiations observed on angular velocity at least on one of the two investigated joints. The clinical relevance of this study could be to determine, muscle bye muscle , the action of the botulinum toxin. These results also suggest that the botulinum toxin could be involved in the facilitation of the movements felt by the treated subjects and that its action would be expressed by variations of angular velocity
Antoni, Jérôme. "Apports de l'échantillonnage angulaire et de la cyclostationnarité au diagnostic par analyse vibratoire des moteurs thermiques." Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0132.
Повний текст джерелаAllorent, Delphine. "Analyse et modélisation épidémiologique de la tache angulaire du haricot ("Phaseolus vulgaris") due à "Phaeoisariopsis griseola"." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20041.
Повний текст джерелаFERRAG, SAMIR. "Analyse angulaire des canaux b j/k* dans l'experience babar : mesure des amplitudes et des phases." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EPXX0009.
Повний текст джерелаCassaing, Frédéric. "Analyse d'un instrument à synthèse d'ouverture optique : méthodes de cophasage et imagerie à haute résolution angulaire." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA112445.
Повний текст джерелаCassaing, Frédéric. "Analyse d'un instrument à synthèse d'ouverture optique : méthode de cophasage et imagerie à haute résolution angulaire /." Châtillon : ONERA, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb369979014.
Повний текст джерелаSharma, Sanjib. "Numerical Simulations of Galaxy Formation: Angular Momentum Distribution and Phase Space Structure of Galactic Halos." Diss., Tucson, Arizona : University of Arizona, 2005. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1413%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.
Повний текст джерелаTallon, Michel. "Contributions à l'imagerie à haute résolution angulaire : analyse de surface d'onde, source laser de référence, optique adaptative." Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE4309.
Повний текст джерелаEL-HAJJE, REFAAT Safety Science Faculty of Science UNSW. "A SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENT OF THE ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION, MASS AND KINETIC ENERGY OF 235U AND 232Th FISSION FRAGMENTS." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Safety Science, 2000. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/17612.
Повний текст джерелаVelten, Philippe. "Mesure du paramètre de corrélation angulaire bêta-neutrino dans la désintégration de l'6He." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2019.
Повний текст джерелаThe subject of this work is the data analysis of the LPCTrap experiment which occurred in 2008. The goal was to measure the β-ν angular correlation coefficient, aβν, in the 6He decay at a 0. 5% precision level. Evidences of a discrepancy between the experimental value of aβν and the prediction of the Standard Model (SM) would mean the existence of a vector current in the weak decay of 6He. This discovery would question the V-A structure used to describe the weak interaction in the SM. A Paul trap is used to confine 6He+ ions almost at rest in a very small volume in order to have a decay source as well defined as possible. The emitted β particle and 6Li++ ion are detected in coincidence by detectors located around the trap. Aβν is determined from a comparison between the experimental and a Monte-Carlo simulated distributions of the time of flight of the recoiling ions. During this work, a simulation based on GEANT4 has been developed, taking into account all the experimental effects which are likely to contribute to the systematic error of the aβν estimation. A special focus has been put on the electron scattering modelling. Despite a sufficient experimental statistics and an efficient simulation, a correct estimation was not achieved due to a malfunction of the ion detector. An exploratory statistical study has been undertaken in order to accurately specify the sensitivity level of the measurement performed with the LPCTrap apparatus in testing the hypotheses of the SM. The tools developed in this work will be used to analyze future experiments
Desse, Fabrice. "Analyse angulaire de désintégrations B⁰ →K*⁰e⁺e⁻ avec le détecteur LHCb et upgrade de l'électronique des calorimètres." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS126.
Повний текст джерелаFlavor changing neutral current processes of the type b -> s gamma are forbidden at tree level in the Standard Model (SM). They are thus sensitive to potential New Physics (NP) effects occurring via loop processes which may manifest themselves through the modification of angular observables. In the SM, the photon is predominantly left handed. However several NP theories allow large right-handed currents. The angular analysis of B0 ->K*e+e- decays at very low q2 (the dielectron pair invariant mass squared) allows to study the helicity structure of b -> s gamma transitions thanks to the dominant contribution from the virtual photon coupling to the dielectron pair at very low q2. This thesis presents the angular analysis of B0 ->K*e+e- decays using the full Run 1 and Run 2 proton-proton collision datasets collected between 2011 and 2018 at the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9.1 fb^-1 at centre-of-mass energies ranging from 7 to 13 TeV. The transverse asymmetries in the q2 range [0.0001, 0.25] GeV^2/c^4 are measured as AT(2) = 0.106 ± 0.103 + 0.016−0.017 , ATIm = 0.015 ± 0.102 ± 0.012, ATRe = −0.064 ± 0.077 ± 0.015 and FL = 0.044 ± 0.026 ± 0.014. These measurements provide the current world’s best constraint on right handed contributions to the photon polarization in b -> s gamma transitions.The LHCb detector is undertaking a major upgrade in 2019/2020 to be able to run the experiment at an instantaneous luminosity of 2 × 10^33cm−2s−1 . In particular, the electronics of the calorimeters has to be upgraded with new Front-End boards (FEB) to cope with the 40 MHz readout. This thesis also presents the upgrade of the Low Level Trigger module of the FEB, which is in particular responsible for identifying the maximum transverse energy cluster of each event
Chbihi, Abdelouahad. "Etude des collisions périphériques dans l'interaction 22Ne+93Nb à 30 MeV-nucléon." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO10087.
Повний текст джерелаVelten, Ph. "Mesure du paramètre de corrélation angulaire bêta-neutrino dans la désintégration de l'6He." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00626170.
Повний текст джерелаFerran, Ghislain. "Nouvelles méthodes numériques pour le traitement des sections efficaces nucléaires." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01077764/document.
Повний текст джерелаNuclear data allow to describe how a particle interacts with matter. These data are therefore at the basis of neutron transport and reactor physics calculations. Once measured and evaluated, they are given in libraries as a list of parameters. Before they can be used in neutron transport calculations, processing is required which includes taking into account several physical phenomena. This can be done by several softwares, such as NJOY, which all have the drawback to use old numerical methods derived from the same algorithms. For nuclear safety applications, it is important to rely on independent methods, to have a comparison point and to isolate the effects of the treatment on the final results. Moreover, it is important to properly master processing accuracy during its different steps. The objective of this PhD is then to develop independent numerical methods that can guarantee nuclear data processing within a given precision and to implement them practically, with the creation of the GAIA software. Our first step was the reconstruction of cross sections from the parameters given in libraries, with different approximations of the R-matrix theory. Reconstruction using the general formalism, without any approximation, has also been implemented, which has required the development of a new method to calculate the R-matrix. Tests have been performed on all existing formalisms, including the newest one. They have shown a good agreement between GAIA and NJOY. Reconstruction of angular differential cross sections directly from R-matrix parameters, using the Blatt-Biedenharn formula, has also been implemented and tested. The cross sections we have obtained at this point correspond to a target nucleus at absolute zero temperature. Because of thermal agitation, these cross sections are subject to a Doppler effect that is taken into account by integrating them with Solbrig's kernel. Our second step was then to calculate this integral. First, we have elaborated and validated a reference method that is precise but slow. Then, we have developed a new method based on Fast Fourier Transform algorithm. Comparisons with the reference method suggest that the precision of our method is better than the one achieved with NJOY, with comparable computation times. Besides, we have adapted this method to the case where target nuclei are in a condensed state (solid or liquid). For this latter case, an alternative implementation was done to obtain cross sections by integrating the S(a,b) law that characterize the chemical binding effect on collisions between neutrons and matter. Finally, a method was developed to generate an energy grid fine enough to allow a linear interpolation of cross sections between its points. At this point, we have at our disposal the minimum amount of information required to produce input files for the Monte-Carlo transport code MCNP. Such data have been translated into the correct format thanks to a module of NJOY. Calculations have been performed using our input files on several configurations, to demonstrate that our methods can actually be used to process modern evaluated files. In parallel, as part of a collaboration with Institut Laue-Langevin, we have participated in the treatment of experimental measurements of the S(a,b) law for light and heavy water. With GAIA, we have combined experimental values with values from a molecular dynamics simulation, with the objective to avoid using a molecular model in the domain where experimental values are available. This has only been a first step, but the values obtained improves the predictions of the model of ILL reactor. As a conclusion, during this PhD, new numerical methods were developed and we have shown that they can be used in practical cases
Duchêne, Gaspard. "Les systèmes binaires jeunes et leur environnement proche : observations à haute résolution angulaire." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10083.
Повний текст джерелаBoulay, Florent. "Mesure dans le 19Ne des résonances d’intérêt pour l’étude des novæ par une nouvelle méthode de diffusion inélastique." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN2027.
Повний текст джерелаNova is a thermonuclear runaway occurring in binary system of stars. The observation of the gamma rays emitted after a nova is a way to better understand this phenomenon. According to the models, the γ line at 511 keV, produced in the annihilation between positrons and electrons, would be the most intense line several hours after the explosion. One of the main positron emitters would be the 18F radioactive isotope. In order to improve the predictive power of the models, it is crucial to better determine the amount of 18F produced in the nova. Yet, the 18F destruction rate 18F(p,α)15O is given with large uncertainties. Measuring the spectroscopic properties (energy, width, spin) of states in the compound nucleus 19Ne should allow us to constrain the reaction rate. In this context, an experiment based on a new inelastic scattering method (19Ne(p,p’)19Ne*) was performed at GANIL with the VAMOS spectrometer. The detection system has been adapted to detect for the first time high energy protons (p’). A good energy resolution in inverse kinematic has been reached (σ=33 keV). The angular distribution measurement of decaying particles should provide the spin assignment of the states in a model independent way. Unfortunately, an unforeseen contamination has prevented us to complete this measurement. New spectroscopic information have been extracted and contributed to reduce the uncertainty of the 18F(p,α)15O reaction rate in a significant way. The data are compatible with a new broad state below the proton threshold (6. 41 MeV). This state seems to be sufficiently broad to contribute to the destruction reaction rate of 18F and reduces the chances for satellite detection
Le, Dantec Corinne. "Mycobactéries atypiques : analyse génétique et distribution dans l'eau potable." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112332.
Повний текст джерелаA recent European directive addressed water intended for human consumption, i. E. Potable water, including drinking water, water used for food preparation and water for other domestic uses. Therefore, water used for personal hygiene is included in this definition. Thus, skin contact with contaminated water and the inhalation of aerosols generated from contaminated water may be risk factors legally covered by the directive. Atypical mycobacteria found in drinking water distribution systems are residents able to colonize, to survive, to persist and to grow in tap water and not contaminants from another source. The resistance of mycobacteria to common disinfectants and their tolerance to a wide range of pHs and temperatures allow them to persist in drinking water systems. In the first part of this study, we investigated the frequency of recovery of mycobacteria in the water distribution system of Paris and in two treatment plants, at some intermediate stages of treatment, providing drinking water of Paris. The Paris water distribution system is colonized by several species of mycobacteria, saprophytic and potentially pathogenic species. The lack of detectable mycobacteria at the end of the water treatment lines and the presence of mycobacteria in the treated water distribution system could be explained by the presence of biofilms in pipes. An additional study on chlorine disinfection of atypical mycobacteria showed that chlorination conditions used in the distribution system is not sufficient to eliminate mycobacteria, especially potentially pathogenic mycobacteria. In the second part, we identified the replication region of the 23-kb linear plasmid pCLP from Mycobacterium celatum. Thus, we constructed an E. Coli-mycobacteria shuttle vector may be used in both slow- and fast-growing species and in co-transformation experiments with other mycobacterial vectors. Complete sequence of pCLP revealed at least nineteen putative ORFs which twelve were expressed. Sequence analysis revealed similar loci in both M. Celatum pCLP and M. Tuberculosis chromosome and ORFs that are similar to genes of bacterial circular plasmids involved in partition and postsegregational mechanisms. In addition, we investigated the occurrence of linear plasmids in mycolic-acid-containing bacteria, a group of phylogenetically related actinomycetes. Linear plasmids were not present in all the strains of a particular species or genus, which suggests that they were independently acquired
DIB/, DIB-OUADAH LATIFA. "Analyse structurale de pyrazoles : rmn, etude conformationnelle et distribution electronique." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA077144.
Повний текст джерелаSidqi, Yousra. "Analyse et planification fractales des réseaux électriques du futur." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT089.
Повний текст джерелаUrban infrastructure analysis has shifted recently from the original considerations about housing and urban segregation to a more systemic view of new facilities and utilities taking into consideration urban metabolism and vulnerabilities, smart cities, communication networks and urban networks (water, roads,..). Complex relationships between the urban structure and daily mobility were investigated and scrutinized in the literature.Power systems are a key infrastructure of smart cities. They are supposed to become in the future more and more scaling because they are made of recursive assembly of active devices, smart buildings, micro-grids, district grids…Studying the relationships of the power grid with related networks within this urban structure is getting more attention as part of planning more sustainable, energy efficient future cities.Classical approaches used to investigate power systems are mono-scale; hence they do not allow to comprehend complex systems with structural elements often belonging to different scales. Understanding this complexity helps design flexible and resilient architectures for the optimization of smart grids operations. This is a major challenge to increase efficiency and to avoid or better manage random breakdowns.Moreover, at an urban level, power networks provide energy access to buildings. Their spatial development should thus be correlated to built-up patterns. We may as well expect that power networks go through existing corridors, which means here the street networks. Therefore, it seems interesting to explore to what extent the current power grid fits the existing built-up spaces and road network. This will lead to a better perception of how the current power grid spatial coverage is with regard to the road network. These results would ultimately be used to propose a reconfiguration of the existing urban structures but and also a new architecture for future planning of urban districts.Traditional models such as complex networks theory, stochastic geometry or random graph do not consider geometrical, functional and dynamical aspects of a city and its associated networks at the same time. Hence, we carry out a fractal-based approach to analyze the properties of power systems and understand their organization across scales. To show the usefulness of our approach, results are shown for Grenoble’s Medium Voltage network but also on the LV network of the Franche-Comté region. We will focus on the structural concordance between the power grid, the road network and the buildings.Fractal geometry has been widely and rather successfully used for over twenty years in disciplines like meteorology, biology, physics, thermodynamics, art, history, philosophy of seismology but also in geography. While considering urban fabrics, fractal analysis turned out to be a powerful instrument for exploring their spatial organization. Public transportation networks were considered as well and showed a connection between both built-up spaces and street networks.The fractal approach is geometrical, which makes it possible to study spatial phenomena either by using reference models or morphometric fractal measurements. By using fractal measurements, we can verify the existence of hierarchical scaling laws in spatial distributions. Being able to study a phenomenon throughout different scales provides the possibility of discovering thresholds or breaks within spatial organization.Urban fabrics and related networks are usually not issued from any coherent planning process and show no obvious specific organization. However, they are deeply multiscale, reaching the metropolitan scale to that of buildings. Hence, using fractals seems to be an interesting way to characterize these forms and unravel the complexity of underlying layers, which is a step further than classical Euclidian approaches
Saplacan, Pop Roxana. "L' analyse des performances de la distribution d'électricité en environnement concurrentiel." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA111023.
Повний текст джерелаSchürholz, Andreas. "Synthese eines Modells zur simulationsgestützten Potentialanalyse der Distribution /." Paderborn : HNI, 1999. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=008736603&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Повний текст джерелаZmerli, Moustafa. "Étude de la dynamique de photodissociation de molécules ionisées en couche interne par spectroscopie de moment." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS430.
Повний текст джерелаWe experimentally studied the relaxation of atomic and molecular systems following core-shell photoionization in tender X-ray regime (2-12 keV). The various processes of de-excitation have been studied by the coincidence measurements of the velocity vector of emitted electrons and ions allowing access to the vector correlations between the electrons and ions. New experimental results on argon combined with theoretical model developed by our collaborators have shown the effective existence of angular momentum transfer due to the Post-collision interaction (PCI) between the photoelectron and the Auger electron. Then, the CS2 three-body fragmentation dynamics was interpreted using a combination of geometric and kinematic observables. We have shown that it is possible to separate the different types of fragmentation in case of the mixed pathway. We also showed the presence of massive concerted pathways after the dissociation of CH3I molecule. Moreover, we have observed the formation of multiply charged ions where the total charge induced has reached +15 by single photon absorption. Finally, the comparison of experimental data with Coulomb explosion model allowed us to estimate the average displacement of the molecule during relaxation
Iconomidou-Fayard, Lydia. "Production et étude des propriétés des bosons intermédiaires : expérience UA2." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112186.
Повний текст джерелаWe present here some results concerning the properties of IVB’s detected by the UA2 experiment. The “electron-identification” criteria are discussed and the final samples of W’s and Z’s, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 863 nb⁻¹, are given. A particular study of longitudinal motion of bosons has been done and the momentum distribution of “parent-partons” has been evaluated. In the W’s center of mass frame, the angular distribution of the outgoing changed lepton (electron or positron) is in good agreement with the theoretical shape expected from the Standard Model and QCD corrections. The cross-sections of processes W→ev and Z→e⁺e⁻ and the masses of IVB’s are measured. The values of sin²0w and p are evaluated. A good agreement with standard model is observed
Keller, Niels. "Étude angulaire du deuxième champ critique dans les supraconducteurs à fermions lourds UPt3, URu2Si2 et CeCu2Si2." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10119.
Повний текст джерелаSerre, Denis. "L'imageur Interférométrique de Fresnel : un instrument spatial pour l'observation à haute résolution angulaire." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00242674.
Повний текст джерелаDans un télescope classique, la focalisation s'obtient par l'utilisation d'un miroir; dans le cas de l'Imageur Interférométrique de Fresnel, elle s'obtient par l'utilisation d'un masque diffractant comportant des dizaines ou des centaines de milliers d'ouvertures individuelles, réparties sur un support plan selon une loi se rapprochant de la disposition des anneaux d'une lentille zonée de Soret. Les contraintes de masse et de précision de fabrication de l'optique focalisatrice sont ainsi considérablement relâchées, ouvrant une voie pour concevoir un observatoire possédant une pupille d'entrée de très grande dimension. En revanche, de par la nature dispersive de cette optique, un module focal placé à grande distance est nécessaire pour achromatiser et mettre en forme l'image.
La première partie de cette thèse est consacrée à la détermination des caractéristiques des éléments constitutifs de ce type d'imageur, et à l'étude des performances et limitations associées. La deuxième partie est elle dévolue à la description et à la présentation des performances d'un prototype sol montrant expérimentalement la validité du concept. Enfin, la troisième partie étudie les objectifs astrophysiques possibles d'un Imageur de Fresnel opérationnel.
Cappi, Alberto. "Analyse statistique de la distribution spatiale des galaxies et des amas." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112104.
Повний текст джерелаGarćia, Ǵomez Carlos. "Analyse de la distribution des régions HII dans les galaxies spirales." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX11365.
Повний текст джерелаNguyên-Thê, Michel. "Distribution de valuations sur les arbres." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000839.
Повний текст джерелаPomino, Natascha. "Spanische Verbalflexion eine minimalistische Analyse im Rahmen der distributed morphology." Tübingen Niemeyer, 2005. http://d-nb.info/988985128/04.
Повний текст джерелаT'Jampens, Stéphane. "Etude de la violation de la symétrie CP dans les canaux charmonium-K*(892) par une analyse angulaire complète dépendante du temps (expérience BABAR)." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002447.
Повний текст джерелаVerdeil, Christophe. "Étude de la pulvérisation et de l'émission de la matière sous bombardement Cs+." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL054N/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe Storing Matter technique aims at optimising the sensitivity and quantitativeness of SIMS analysis. It consists in decoupling the sputtering of the specimen from the subsequent analysis step. The specimen is sputtered by means of an ion beam. The emitted particles are deposited at a sub-monolayer level on an optimised collector. The deposit is subsequently analysed in a SIMS instrument. The ionisation probability in SIMS does not depend anymore on the initial sample composition (“Matrix effect”), but on the collector surface chemistry. The collector is chosen in order to increase the sensitivity and to quantify the specimen. The efficiency of this new technique depends on the collector choice and on the collection factor ? characterising the sputter-deposition step. In this work, the sputtering and emission processes under ionic bombardment have been studied in order to optimise this factor ?. We developed an experimental set-up and an analysis protocol based on SIMS that allows us to study the angular distribution under Cs+ bombardment with an oblique incidence for different impact parameters. Four targets (Si, Ge, InP and GaAs) were studied. The results show that the angular distribution is shaped as a cosine function cosn (?-?Max) for impact energies between 2 and 10 keV and for incidence angles from 30 to 60°. Under these conditions, the exponent n is ~2 and the preferential direction of emission ?Max varies from the normal to the surface to 35° in the specular direction in function of the impact energy and the incidence angle. The results allowed to find the best settings for the Storing Matter technique to control the sputtered matter collection in function of the bombardment parameters
HEBERT, SYLVIE. "Influence de la taille, de l'inclinaison et de la distribution angulaire des defauts colonnaires sur le piegeage des vortex dans les supraconducteurs a haute temperature critique." Caen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CAEN2023.
Повний текст джерелаDalouzy, Jean-Christophe. "Spectroscopie du 19Ne par diffusion inélastique : Applications à l'astrophysique." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00365695.
Повний текст джерелаPham, Tuan-Minh. "Modélisation et Analyse de la Distribution de Contenus dans un Réseau DTN." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00625620.
Повний текст джерелаBélanger, Valérie. "Analyse d'un réseau d'approvisionnement et de distribution : conception d'un modèle de simulation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24851/24851.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаVanheems, Régine. "Analyse dynamique des transferts de clientèle dans les systèmes de distribution duale." Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL12017.
Повний текст джерелаEl, Amrani Amal. "Analyse économique et juridique des accords de distribution : application aux produits électrodomestiques." Rennes 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN11006.
Повний текст джерелаIn this study, we try on the one hand to justify the existence of contractual agreements involving vertical restraints and linking a manufacturer with his retailers (e. G. Selective dealing) and on the other hand to evaluate the effect ot those vertical agreements on market equilibria and economic efficiency. Our work is motivaded not only by theoretical consideations since it invoves argiments which may serve jurists in defending vertical restraints in business. In fact, a distribution system base on this type of contract is formaly anticompetitive and or discrimination. Thus, one has to establish that their adoption by manufacturers matches strategic choices motivated by coordination by coordination and competition differenciation which may enhance competition. However, this explanation must be moderated for two reasons. Firstly, even if verticzl restraints provide internal effeiciency, it does not follow that surplus and profits. Secondly, vertical restraints may be used by manufacturers as a device to attenuate intra or inter-brand competition. Our conclusion are therefore relevant for jurists, in that they plead for concrete application of the "rule of reason" in an extended sense
Pham, Tuan Minh. "Modélisation et analyse de la distribution de contenus dans un réseau DTN." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066554.
Повний текст джерелаGao, Cong-Zhang. "Ionization dynamics of atoms and molecules subject to intense laser pulses from femtoseconds to attoseconds." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30072.
Повний текст джерелаThe investigation of ionization dynamics of atoms and molecules illuminated with intense laser fields has attracted a great of interest in many disciplines over the decades. In this context, experiments of laser-matter interaction on the exploration of underlying mechanisms are considerably expanding with the advent of ultrashort femtosecond and attosecond laser pulses. However, the description of the laser irradiation process from a theoretical perspective is still a challenge, in particular for complex systems, such as the fullerene C60. To that end, we turn to exploit a fully fledged approach "Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory (TDDFT)" to describe electron emission induced by a broad range of laser pulses from weak to strong and from femtoseconds to attoseconds. The first part of the thesis contributes to the study of ionization dynamics of C60 irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses. Three ionization mechanisms, single-photon ionization, multi-photon ionization, and strong-field ionization, are extensively explored via photoelectron spectra (PES) and photoelectron angular distribution (PAD). Our analysis shows that for single-photon ionization, the PES basically reveal the occupied single-particle states which can be associated with the orbital depletion, and the PAD can be generalized into the anisotropy parameter which sensitively depends on the electronic states instead of the photon frequency. For multi-photon ionization, the PES are mostly generated by few uppermost orbitals, and the PAD reveal larger anisotropy with the increase of photon order. For strong-field ionization, the PES are featured by an extended plateau at high energies due to electron recollisions, and the delicate pattern on the plateau is analyzed by using a three-step model. The PAD of the high-energy electrons shows a strong alignment along the laser polarization, which is promising to generate a highly collimated electron beam. Moreover, we also discuss temperature effects from ionic motion on the PES and PAD. The second part of the work focuses on the ionization dynamics of simple atoms and molecules subject to extreme ultraviolet (XUV) attosecond pulses in the presence of an infrared (IR) field. Using similar laser parameters as experiments, we find that for He atom it leads to subcycle ionization on the attosecond time scale depending on the delay time between IR and XUV pulses, while for Ar atom this is absent. To better understand it, we make a systematic study on the effect of key laser parameters in the IR regime. Our results reveal that IR laser intensity and XUV frequency are decisive parameters. We further study resonance effects on electron emission in Na2 molecule, and we find that ionization pattern can be related to either IR laser frequency or the eigenfrequency of the system. We then extend it to the mid-IR (MIR) regime, where more complex ionization patterns are observed. Finally, we develop a schematic model accounting for electron emission in two-color laser field, and an analytical solution of ionization probability is also obtained, which well explains the main characteristics of the ionization pattern