Дисертації з теми "Analyse comparative France Hongrie"
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Delaneuville, Frédéric. "L'autonomie locale en Europe : analyse comparative : France, Hongrie, Pologne, République tchèque et Slovaquie." Amiens, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AMIE0057.
Повний текст джерелаIn the last decades, spreading of principles favorable to local autonomy in France and in the states of Visegrad Group attempts to affirm the position of local and regional authorities in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity. The councils directly elected by universal suffrage representing local interest, gained potentially very wide competences and their autonomy is constitutionally recognized. There are many factors which can explicate these common trends that we observed in these five countries with such different administrative and political history. However, the local autonomy have to face similar obstacles, such as weak popular legitimacy or the limited character of financial autonomy of the local government structures. Consequently, the assertion of local autonomy must be apprehended as a complex and non-linear process, which takes different forms in 28 states of European Union
Molnár, Mélinda. "Les rapports à la nature et les modes d'habiter à travers les jardins ouvriers et familiaux en France et en Hongrie, analyse et comparaison." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010524.
Повний текст джерелаBaráth, Gabriella. "Systèmes de relations dans les espaces métropolitains : analyse comparative des espaces urbains de deux capitales : les exemples de Budapest - Székesfehérvár, Tatabánya et de Paris - Sens : résumé français corrigé." Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/145513122#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Повний текст джерелаThe basic goal of the research is the analyses of relationships – characterized by the urban centres - among two capitals (Budapest, Paris) with different social and economic characteristics and their environs. Our research analyses the social and economic relationships among the metropolises and the three sample cities (Székesfehérvár, Tatabánya, Sens) that have chosen by previously defined aspect, and the effects of these capitals on the development of these surrounding cities. The research has helped by the analyses of the similarities and differences among Western and East-Central-European urban development models. The most important results of the research are the following: - The differences of the Hungarian and French development processes can be verified in the cases of the investigated economic and social factors. - The new territorial relationships that complete the traditional core-periphery model with horizontal co-operations can be seen in all the investigated urban areas. - The appearance of the sub-central functions can be seen within the urban areas. - The changes in social and economic relationships determined by the traditional core-periphery relations leads to the restructuring of the inequalities. - The economic relationships show the strengthening of the independent, while social effects and consequences show the strengthening of the dependent elements. - The new spatial relationships accelerated by the urban area development forming on functional and not on administrative base. - The territorial structure-forming and urban development determining effects of the capitals do not chiefly depend on the number of the cities’ population
A kutatás alapvető célja két különböző társadalmi és gazdasági környezetben lévő nagyváros központ (Budapest, Párizs) és környéke közötti – a központ által közvetített hatások által meghatározott – kapcsolatrendszerek vizsgálata. A kutatás keretében a metropoliszok és a három, meghatározott szempontok szerint kiválasztott város (Székesfehérvár, Tatabánya, Sens) társadalmi és gazdasági kapcsolatrendszereit, a főváros centrumok vizsgált városok fejlődésére gyakorolt hatásait elemezzük. Tesszük ezt a nyugat- és kelet-közép-európai városfejlődési modellek hasonlóságainak és különbségeinek elemzése segítségével. A kutatási terepek kiválasztásánál két fő szempont csoportot vettünk figyelembe. Egyrészt számszerűsíthető mutatókat (földrajzi elhelyezkedés, elérési idő, főváros felé irányuló munkaerő migráció) használtunk fel. Másrészt a lehetséges mintavárosok kijelölésénél a városok funkcióihoz és a várostípushoz kapcsolódó, nem számszerűsíthető tényezőket is figyelembe vettünk. A kutatás során a társadalomtudományi kutatások széles eszköztárát, így társadalomföldrajzi, szociológiai, regionális tudományi, illetve területi statisztikai módszereket alkalmaztunk. A dolgozat négy fő tartalmi részre tagolható. Az első részben, a globalizáció városfejlődésre, nagyvárosi fejlődésre gyakorolt hatásait mutatjuk be, amelyben a tudományos előzmények kritikai elemzése mellett kiderülnek a globális városhálózatok, valamint a nagyvárosi fejlődés kelet-közép-európai összefüggései. Az elméleti megalapozás keretében kerül sor a várostérségi kapcsolatrendszerek és hatások azonosítására is. A dolgozat második tartalmilag elkülönülő részében a kiválasztott kutatási terepek fővárosi térségeken belüli helyzetét tárjuk fel, szintén szakirodalmi elemzésre támaszkodva. Ezt követi a legfontosabb empirikus vizsgálataink bemutatása, végül megfogalmazzuk a kutatás során feltárt új folyamatokat és a lehetséges további kutatási irányokat
Gosztonyi, Katalin. "Traditions et réformes de l’enseignement des mathématiques à l’époque des ‘mathématiques modernes’ : le cas de la Hongrie et de la France." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC314.
Повний текст джерелаIn my thesis, I compare the reform of mathematics education introduced by Tamás Varga in Hungary during the 1960s and ‘70s to the French reform of the period, the “mathématiques modernes”. After studying the historical context, and the epistemological background of the reforms, I analyse them using different didactical frameworks: the structure and the content of the curricula with the help of the ecological approach and on the notion of paradigms of geometry and of probability; for the analysis of the expected teaching practices, the theory of didactical situations. The comparative study shows that even if some common elements, coming probably from the common international context can be found, some essential differences can also be observed between the two reforms. These differences can partly be explained by differences in the epistemological background: the “bourbakian” approach on one hand, the “heuristic” on the other serve as mathematical paradigms, influencing different characteristics of the two reforms. A comparison of Varga’s and Brousseau’s experimental project from the 1970s using the terms of the TDS contribute to a better description of Varga’s conception but lead in the same time to questioning the transmissibility of didactical theories from one context to the other
Gauthier, Estelle. "La consommation du métal en France orientale et en Transdanubie du XVIIe au IXe siècle avant notre ère : analyse spatiale et modélisation des systèmes socio-économiques de l'Age du Bronze." Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOL007.
Повний текст джерелаThe main purpose of this study is to characterize the consumption of the metal during Bronze Age in Eastern France and Transdanubia and to understand the role of hoards and the different social and economic strategies employed, and how the influence of the physical potential of these two regions was made on the spatial organization of the metal consumption areas. . . An essential part of this work was the implementation of a protocol of analysis based on double approach: statistical and spatial, based on the constitution of a Geographical Information System and on the use of several new methods such as map algebra, linear projections or models of densities ‘s distribution. . . Modelling the results allows to perceive some differences between the two regions caused by their different potential, but also resulted on some common features of the evolutions of the metal consumption parameters which may reflect global tendencies in Europe
Varga, Renata. "Analyse linguistique des messages publicitaires en français et en hongrois : le fonctionnement de l'implicite dans la publicité." Grenoble 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE39010.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this thesis is to compare french and hungarian publicities. This work concerns different caracteristics of human sciences : communication, pragmatics rhetoric, semantics, semiotics, social-linguistics and logic. The analysis is based on 846 french and 492 hungarian advertisements (posters, advertisements in magazines and on television) collected between the 1st of january 1990 and the 31st of december 1995. The research follows two axes : the purpose of the first is to explore the main caracteristies of the publicity persuasion. A deep study of rhetorical and linguistic methods, used as a systems of conviction, allowed the construction of a model of persuasion. We particularly focused on the function of the implicit which permitted to notice the only argumentative and seductive structure of advertisements. The second axis, noticed by the comparative analysis, allowed to confront the influence of the language system and the culture on the advertising creation. The results give new information about the linguistic and the social-cultural universality of publicity comparing a country practising a liberal economy and a country with developing economics
Leparoux, Nicolas. "La vente d'immeuble à rénover : analyse critique et comparative." Toulouse 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10076.
Повний текст джерелаVincensini, Caroline. "Les trajectoires nationales de propriété en Pologne, Hongrie et République tchèque : une analyse comparative du changement institutionnel post-socialiste." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010018.
Повний текст джерелаChevallier, Bellon Charlotte. "ESSAI D'INTERPRETATION DES PHENOMENES CENTRISTES CONTEMPORAINS :analyse comparative : France, Allemagne, Pologne." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00179340.
Повний текст джерелаCalculli, Francesco. "Le détournement de pouvoir en France et en Italie : analyse comparative." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON10042.
Повний текст джерелаChevallier, Bellon Charlotte. "Essai d’interprétation des phénomènes centristes contemporains : analyse comparative France, Allemagne, Pologne." Paris 8, 2006. http://octaviana.fr/document/119080761#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Повний текст джерелаThe renewal of the centre parties in the 1990’s on the New Labor model regenerated the debate on the content of the centrism. The fact that the centre doesn’t exist as a political offer held on sociologic, ideological and politic dimensions seems to be acknowledged. The study of the democrat-christian parties in Germany, France and Poland stresses the need to disunite these elements. To link one to each other highlights various types of political identification which define a specific understanding of the political scene based on the refusal of the partition. The observed forms can be explained by two variables: one refers to the polarization of the political systems; the second one to the ideological affiliation of the considered political party. The development of the “new” centre parties seems to be linked to the diffusion of a non-conflicted political view to a political party which was until now concerned by the class struggle: the social-democracy
Zarate, Pérez Anibal Rafael. "L'indépendance des autorités de concurrence, analyse comparative, Colombie, France, Etats-Unis." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020031/document.
Повний текст джерелаAlthough Competition Agencies‘ independence is commonly explained through the necessity of objective expert decision-making, such necessity is not sufficient to legitimize their isolation from the government. Absent of democratic foundations and in apparent contradiction with the principle of Separation of Powers, "Independent" Competition Agencies attain their legitimacy from the conjunction of multiple institutional guarantees, control mechanisms and procedures, none of which may overshadow the others. Any effort to determine the role that the idea of independence plays in the institutional design of Colombian competition agencies requires an examination of these guarantees and mechanisms, as well as a comparison of their status to that of French and American agencies; whose institutional arrangement has influenced the constitution of Colombian authorities. Whilst the components of the independence vary in every analyzed jurisdiction (as there is not a unique institutional scheme of ―Independent‖ Agency), this study reveals that certain institutional guarantees recognized to agencies in France and in the United States, which grant them vast discretionary decision-making power, are not present in the specific case of Colombian agencies. Assuring a higher level of independence for Colombian competition authorities, by conferring them some of these guarantees, lean on a simultaneous effort to reinforce control mechanisms, procedures and instruments for citizen participation in the regulatory process. The construction of the independence of Competition Agencies – in both its organizational and functional dimensions – commands the design of institutional constraints. Maintaining a balance over these constraints to agency discretion not only constitutes a source of legitimacy, but equally becomes an effective means to safeguard their independence from external factors
Chevallier, Bellon Charlotte Cours-Salies Pierre Beichelt Timm. "Essai d'interprétation des phénomènes centristes contemporains analyse comparative France, Allemagne, Pologne /." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2007. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/THESE_Chevallier.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. f. 623-644. Notes bibliogr.
Klein, Carlo. "Analyse comparative de l'investissement en capital humain en Lorraine et au Luxembourg." Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOE001.
Повний текст джерелаHinzab, Nasser. "Le droit des investissements étrangers au Qatar : analyse comparative avec la France." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D013/document.
Повний текст джерелаAn agreement dated December 4, 1990 governs commercial relations between France and Qatar. In the context of bilateral relations between States, the various commercial exchanges and investments between private and public persons are framed by numerous texts and conventions. This legal framework must establish an essential factor : Trust. Of course, incentives are also included in these investment promotion texts. Loyalty is the driving force of any business relationship if it were to be tainted that would inevitably lead to a breach of contract. ln addition, the law allows investments over time : the confrontation with economic and geostrategic stakes, which can arise at any time, can come to undermine any committed investment policy. Foreign investment has become a key factor for the national economy for both France and Qatar. For the latter, investment law is developing, particularly with regard to the protection of foreign investment through the creation of an appropriate legal regime. The State of Qatar has an obligation to diversify its economy and its limited sources of financing for the moment to hydrocarbons. This obligation of diversification pushes the Qatari authorities to rapidly develop a legal framework for international investment ln this area France has a solid legal arsenal, and older than that of Qatar. It was therefore interesting to carry out a comparative study between the two legal systems : the subject of this thesis
Laffont, Julie. "Représentations de la diversité dans les séries télévisées : analyse comparative France – Grande-Bretagne." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30006/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis examines representations of diversity and collective identities in French and British television series. The issues of identity construction, national and media imaginary, as also the various imaginary of interbreeding - or melting pot - and Arab-Muslim communities in the European public space, particularly hold attention. The pluridisciplinarity, related to our approach, benefit from the paradigmatic and methodological wealth of Information and Communication Sciences, as well as all of Media Studies. We thus take into account production contexts (professional, technical, legal, aesthetic and socio-political) but also reception uses and practices. However, it is the content analysis (at figurative, narrative and thematic levels) that is central to this study. We primarily rely on the study of fictional character and a stereotypes typology. We refer also to imaginary theories, reception studies and narrative semiotics. Our assumption is that the British and French national imaginary, one of multiculturalist tradition, the other governed by the ideal of Republican universalism, influence collective imaginary and identity construction, among the different communities of citizens. The media imaginary, as transmitters and arenas, for speeches and public opinions, participate of this phenomenon. These national imaginary leave clues within media representations, especially inside television dramas, that is possible to identify and analyze. It doesn’t matter of opposing these two models. French and British cases, if they differ on some issues, experience and survey similar difficulties. This simultaneous review helps to paint a wider landscape of possibilities, and to seek possible solutions, based on experiments in these two countries
Rizavi, Sayyid Salman. "Analyse de l'emploi du temps : approche théorique et analyse comparative de quelques pays." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010016.
Повний текст джерелаDemme, Géraldine. "Le droit des restrictions verticales : analyse comparative." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020051.
Повний текст джерелаSacilotto-Vasylenko, Marina. "VERS UNE NOUVELLE CONCEPTION DE LA FORMATION CONTINUE DES ENSEIGNANTS : ANALYSE COMPARATIVE FRANCE/UKRAINE." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00260488.
Повний текст джерелаZaddem, Ferid. "Cultures inconscientes et gestion des ressources humaines analyse comparative des dysfonctionnements organisationnels (france - tunisie)." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL12013.
Повний текст джерелаFirms are under influence of patterning of thinking and being. These patternings are called inconscious cultures. They are a precious source of adaptation. However, they can be a cause of organization problems such as inadaptation and change resistance. Firms mus try to know and manage these inconscious models of thinking and being to motivate men and be efficient. Human ressource management can have an interesting role to play. Four investigations have been made in france and tunisia. They show how to manage these inconscious cultures to be more flexibal and to create
Gai, Lian Xiang. "Publicité, culture, pratiques sociales : analyse comparative de la publicité en Chine et en France." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/gai_lx.
Повний текст джерелаIn an era dominated by the visual, the power of the sign lies in its ability to create a representative world that in turn becomes itself a part of reality. This power continually puts us under the gaze of the other. It is due to the taking of the image - the reflection of reality - for reality itself. In advertising, culture plays an essential role. Providing it with a majority of its themes and establishing communicative norms, social models and standards of social practice, culture expresses the identity of the characters found in advertising. A better understanding of the different elements of culture expressed in the creation of advertising will provide us with tools of comprehension and action for both China and France. The purpose of this study is to aid the reader in considering and understanding the practice of the actors in the advertising industry, paying close attention to expression, information, representation, and argumentation. Our primary methodological tools within the framework of intercultural communication will be those of semiotics, information sciences, communication studies and the psychological approach about the desire. In the end, the twin demands of communication and social cohesion intertwine, expressing in unison movements that ally tradition and modernity and joins the long term and the short one of the communication
Sasan, Seyed Salahaldin. "Urbanisation et politiques urbaines : analyse comparative du cas de l’Iran et de la France." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE0006/document.
Повний текст джерелаCities are the host of people as well as government officials, decision-makers, economic and academic elite institutions. Therefore, it is not possible to having any plan without understanding of urban systems can be made. Regardless of the importance of this matter, governments of developing countries often neglect their responsibilities and duties with regards to the city. This work is a combination of Spatial Economic and macroeconomics. Spatial Economic has been defined as identifying and analyzing the performance of the people in a same geographic location.In this paper, first step is introducing the phenomenon of urbanization and urban systems and then, next aim is estimating the Zipf and Gibrat’s laws and Spatial GINI Coefficient for the case of Iran and France. The urban growth model for Iran and France is measured based on the Henderson theories.In this paper, after introducing the phenomenon of urbanization and urban systems, we estimated the Zipf's and Gibrat lows and Spatial GINI' Coefficient for the case of Iran and France. By using the Henderson theories we measured the urban growth model for Iran and France
Fischel, Mario. "Analyse comparative du secteur des commissionnaires de transport en France et en Allemagne fédérale." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37594192s.
Повний текст джерелаGai, Lian Xiang Lamizet Bernard. "Publicité, culture, pratiques sociales analyse comparative de la publicité en Chine et en France /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2007/gai_lx.
Повний текст джерелаDimachki, Loubna Kerbrat-Orecchioni Catherine Dichy Joseph. "L'analyse des interactions de commerce en France et au Liban une perspective comparative interculturelle /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2004. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2004/dimachki_l.
Повний текст джерелаAyari, Moncef. "Analyse critique et comparative des contenus et des modes de communication de l'information télévisuelle en France." Paris 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA020024.
Повний текст джерелаBy this research, we try to analyse the contents, how to present them and how to communicate the televisual information through the three french public channels : tf1, a2 and fr3. While doing this work, we notice that the three televisual journals are nothing but an image, a profile of the channel through which they are diffused. To perform the televisual journal, many technical means are used in order to get the highest rate as far as audience is concerned. Hence the importance of the presentator's task. This presentator's success depends on the type of communication he established with his televiews :"the eyes in the eyes". Thanks to its "generique", titles, presentators and reporters, the content and the various techniques used, the televisual journal remains an intricate universe far from being classified with other visual programs. Eventually, we can say that the televisual journal reflects life except that life is so long and so eventful to be deeply dealt with by a televisual journal communicated in a limited period of time
Loquay, Philippe. "Le bulletin officiel local ? : analyse fonctionnelle comparative des bulletins des collectivités locales et territoriales du département de la Gironde." Bordeaux 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR30067.
Повний текст джерелаIs the municipal bulletin out of date? is it certain that it really satisfies the ideas of its original authors; would it be different with a more modern media? too intimidly bound with elective function, local and territorial communication remains more immature than obsolete
Trinh, Duc Thai Kerbrat-Orecchioni Catherine. "Etude comparative du fonctionnement des interactions dans les petits commerces en France et au Vietnam." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2002/trinh_dt.
Повний текст джерелаRammelt, Henry. "La mobilisation sociale en Europe de l'Est depuis la crise financière de 2008 : une analyse comparative de l’évolution des réseaux militants en Hongrie et en Roumanie." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2168/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn Eastern Europe the financial crisis of 2008 highlighted the gap between expectations concerning the new configuration of liberal and capitalist states on the one hand, and the social realities on the other. Waves of contention followed, which were provoked especially by austerity measures implemented by the respective governments. These were in their majority directed against the post-communist elites, which were held responsible for the perceived slow progress regarding economic performance and the democratization process in the years before. With the purpose of analyzing new forms of collective action and protests that appeared following this crisis, this dissertation is dedicated to study, in a comparative manner, activist networks in Hungary and Romania between 2008 and 2014.The following questions are in the center of the study: Are those recent waves of mobilization different from forms of protests prior to the crisis or can we observe a continuation of repertoires of contention? If Romania and Hungary are considered to be countries still located in the transition process, without having reached the “goal” of consolidated democracies, are the conditions and forms of collective action also undergoing profound transformations? If so, how can we explain the different dynamics in those two countries?Given the fact, that the analysis of social movements is becoming a multicentric subfield of social sciences, the present study draws on a diversity of analytical angles, not only stemming from approaches to investigate social movements and regime change, but also including additional theoretical avenues, in order to answer these main questions. Taking into account the transformation background of Romania and Hungary seems the appropriate perspective to understand recent mobilizations. For this purpose, this study analyzes processes of the accumulation of cognitive and relational social capital, shaping a new generation of activists. By doing so, the emphasis could be put on observing the effects of protests on subsequent mobilizations and the spillover/ interaction between activist networks over time. In a first step, I gathered comparable data on the political, economic and social environment, in which these networks arose, by carrying out expert on-line surveys in both countries. For a better understanding of mechanisms of resource mobilization, mobilization channels, network characteristics and organizational features, I conducted 26 in-depth interviews with activists from both countries. As a result, I was able to highlight the significance of protest-specific experiences for future mobilizations. Online social networks appear to play a key role in this dynamic in contemporary social movements, mainly through their capacity of generating a collective identity and transforming personal indignation into collective action. The nature and the intensity of this dynamic vary in the two countries. While I observed a growth of, what I called “recreational activism” in Romania, resulting from the concomitance of patterns of cultural consumption and civic involvement, a certain protest fatigue can be attested for the first years after the crisis in Hungary. Confronted with stable political configurations and a government that is widely supported by the electorate, movements contesting the power of Fidesz were not able to destabilize existing power structures in Hungary. Hence, this study shows that a longstanding culture of protest and of civic engagement does not necessarily lead, in different circumstances, to high levels of political activism of challengers to political power. Furthermore, the Romanian case suggests that rather the absence of such a culture, combined with a lack of precedent and experiences for both, engaged citizens and authorities can open spaces for renegotiating rules and provoke (lasting) political and cultural changes
Trinh, Duc Thai. "Etude comparative du fonctionnement des interactions dans les petits commerces en France et au Vietnam." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/trinh_dt.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Jian. "Analyse comparative de la tarification de l'électricité : la tarification de l'électricité dans le monde." Paris 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA020110.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis objective is a comparative analysis of electricity princing in the world and consists of three parts : - determination of criteria of selection for describing a system of electricity princing. The aim of this part is to choose, with a method both pragmatic and statistical, a few countries to be studied precisely but representing the diversity of possible cases. - analysis of the electricity princing in the six countries chosen as case studies : germany, canada, china, france, japan and united-kingdom. - synthesis and comparative analysis of electricity princing from the point of view of economic context, princing method, princing principles, rate structure and aspects related to the tariffs
Machline, Elise. "Les conséquences socio-économiques de l'Eco-construction : une analyse comparative entre la France et Israël." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H026.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis considers the socioeconomic impact of 'green' building in Israel and France and, examines whether socil aspect are integrated in approaches to sustainable urbanism in the two countries. We compare policy contexts and 'green' building instruments in France and Israel and, considered whether affordable housing and social diversity are part of green building policy and green building implementation. We also inquire whether green buildings foster gentrification–inadvertently or intentionally. As observed in other countries, we found that there is a 'green premium' in Israel, whereby certified apartments tend to be systematically more expensive for homebuyers than similar noncertified apartments. Green building certification was found to raise apartment sale prices by between 3% and 14%. Moreover, the typical 'green premium' – in terms of the sale price of an apartment in a certified building – is significantly higher than the additional construction costs required to build it. We show in three case studies (in Tel Aviv, Yavneh and Dimona), that 'green' building is being used as a gentrification tool, to attract middle class households to previously poor neighborhoods. In France, as in Israel, 'green' building is mainly practiced in middleclass urban areas – and in lowincome areas of wealthy cities like Paris, to attract middle class residents. Like in Israel, we do not find 'green' neighborhoods in rich areas of wealthy cities. However, in contrast to Israel, we find 'green' housing in poor French localities (like Reims). The French policy promotes social diversity and the construction of 'green' public social housing in the ecodistricts. Thus, there is an ostensibl effort to build housing that is both "green" and affordable. However, in affluent and average municipalities, the share of 'green' social public housing actually available to lowincome groups is minimal – since most public social housing is ultimately allocated to higherincome groups
De, Iulio Simona. "Publicité et territoires : une analyse comparative de la publicité transnationale en France et en Italie." Grenoble 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE39019.
Повний текст джерелаMeyer, Teva. "Une analyse comparative des géopolitiques du nucléaire civil en Allemagne, en France et en Suède." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080024.
Повний текст джерелаThe Fukushima atomic disaster had different political fallouts in the thirty-one countries where nuclear power is exploited. In Europe, while Germany decided to accelerate the phase-out engaged ten years before, the Swedish government repealed the moratorium on new nuclear reactors introduced in 1981 and France only committed to reduce marginally the share of nuclear electricity. Three European countries, facing the same event, took three different directions. In the past, differences between countries’ nuclear policies have been explained by economic, geographical or cultural determinism. This work offers to go beyond these approaches and to consider energy policies as the result of power struggles between opponents and supporters of atomic energy who fight to control the territory. Thanks to the local geopolitical approach, this thesis aims at highlighting the rivalries and the representation which structure the actors’ systems in each country as well as the strategies used in the conflict. In a context where nuclear energy is portrayed as a potential solution to mitigate climate change, the purpose of this work is to identity the elements which led to the elaboration of diametrically opposed energy policies in France, Germany and Sweden
Makay, Zsuzsanna. "Politiques familiales, activité professionnelle et fécondité en Hongrie et en France : différences de mentalités et de comportements." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00748516.
Повний текст джерелаMourabit, Saïd. "La gestion des recettes exceptionnelles de l'État : analyse comparative des systèmes budgétaires marocain et français." Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT4004.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this study is to present the major trends marking the management practices of the State’s exceptional receipts in Morocco and France. On the light of the proposed definition of the state exceptional receipts which are distinguished from the ordinary receipts by their financial nature, contractual and temporary character, the analysis has been focused on the loans and privatisation receipts. The preponderance of the paradigm “new public management” in Morocco and France eventually influence unevenly the management of the State’s exceptional receipts. Therefore, the system dedicated to managing these receipts restrict the role of politics advocate a central market place and adopt the performance logic. To verify this hypothesis, two main approaches have been taken: the analysis of management techniques and the assessment results. Under the first part of this thesis, the research focuses on two movements namely debudgetisation and marketization. These two movements mobilize a specific technical device in which stand many issues, including economic and socio-political ones. As to the assessment results, it was based on the performance concept. This relatively recent process in both Moroccan and French budgetary systems is strengthened by the influence of the international environment and by the evolution of the public finance and auditing approaches. However, the performance system of exceptional receipts management is not only insufficient, but may reduce the management objectives for a simple technical sphere without taken into account the impact of this management on the well being of citizens and the wealth of the nation and the future generations
Dupré-Lévêque, Delphine. "La vieillesse au-delà du mythe : analyse comparative des modes de vie des personnes âgées (Dordogne-Côtes d'Armor)." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR21012.
Повний текст джерелаFranquet, Laetitia. "Les violences de genre : analyse comparative des pratiques judiciaires et médiatiques En France et en Espagne." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/129272.
Повний текст джерелаCette thèse cherche à améliorer la connaissance et la compréhension des violences de genre. Elle s’attache plus particulièrement à comprendre comment leur prise en charge a émergé dans la sphère politique sous l'impulsion des féministes d’État espagnoles et comment les institutions étatiques française et espagnole se sont saisies et ont traduit législativement ce problème social. L'analyse de deux cadres nationaux, régionaux et locaux permet de mettre en relief l’évolution des pratiques judiciaires et médiatiques à différentes échelles. Cette étude comparative montre les répercussions financières, sanitaires et sociales et, donc, l’intérêt de l’intervention de l’État dans la lutte contre les violences exercées à l’encontre des femmes au sein du couple. Toutefois, ce problème social n’a pas émergé de la même façon en France et en Espagne. Ainsi, plusieurs facteurs permettent d’expliquer sa mise sur l’agenda politique espagnol : le contexte géopolitique, la faiblesse des politiques familiales, la capacité mobilisatrice du féminisme d’État et sa médiatisation. Après avoir présenté l’évolution législative des violences exercées à l’encontre des femmes au sein du couple dans les deux pays, cette recherche apporte une lecture explicative et comparative du fonctionnement de la justice face à ces situations de violences en étudiant les pratiques des tribunaux de Bordeaux et Barcelone entre 2003 et 2009. Enfin, elle dresse le portrait contrasté de deux nations dont le reflet médiatique de l’action politique dévoile des modes de traitement bien distincts. Pour cela, elle évoque le rôle des messages délivrés par les campagnes de communication gouvernementales de lutte contre les violences faites aux femmes et les lignes éditoriales des journaux télévisés d’information régionale en matière de traitement des violences de genre. Ainsi, l’étude de ces pratiques révèle l’influence d’une politique sociale genrée sur les taux de dénonciation et le profil des condamnés.
The aim of this thesis is to improve the knowledge and understanding of gender-related acts of violence. More particularly, it aims at understanding how their undertaking has emerged in the political sphere, spurred on by State feminists in Spain, and how the French and Spanish political institutions have taken up and brought this social issue before the courts. The analysis of these two national, regional and local frameworks helps to underline the evolution of judicial and media practices at different scales. This comparative study shows the financial, sanitary and social repercussions and, consequently, the interest for the State to intervene to combat the acts of violence against women within the couple. However, this social issue has not emerged the same way in France and Spain. That is why several factors can account for its integration into the Spanish political agenda: the geopolitical context, the weaknesses of family policies, the capacity of State feminism to attract people’s support and its media coverage. After presenting the legislative evolution of acts of violence against women within the couple, this research brings an explanatory and comparative reading of the functioning of justice in front of situations of violence by studying the practices of Bordeaux and Barcelona courts between 2003 and 2009. Finally, it draws a contrasted portrait of two nations whose media reflection of political action, reveals quite different ways of tackle the issue. For that, it evokes the function of messages conveyed by Government communication campaigns on fights against acts of violence against women as well as the editorial ways of TV regional news about the ways gender-related acts of violence are dealt with. So, the analysis of these practices unveils the influence of a gender social policy generated from the denunciation rates and the convicts’ profiles.
Cazin-Kenny, Anne. "Dynamique de l'emploi en zone rurale anciennement industrialisée : analyse comparative Cévennes/Pays de Galles." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010571.
Повний текст джерелаTThe thesis examines the possibilities of economic renewal in the Cévennes (France) and in Mid-Wales (UK). Part one defines and contrasts the two areas in terms of industrial history, current employment trends, and local identity within national culture. Based on a survey, part two studies and classifies current businesses : - their levels of innovation, success, entrepreneurship, local ties, and business strategies. Part three examines the balance between state-aided regeneration programmes and profit-motivated business initiatives in the context of the two different systems of local government
Gaudré-Letellier, Charlotte. "Conjoints et Parents, si évident et pourtant… : Analyse comparative de couples français et vénézuéliens." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN1585.
Повний текст джерелаSome couples choose to get children and therefore become parents; others refuse to do it. Thanks to contraception which controls the sexuality, both partners can decide when the right time has come to get a baby. Parentality is nowadays a choice of way of life, whereas this was the inevitable finality of a couple some decades ago. These couples who decides to become parents are going to face some changes in their sexual and conjugal life, but few studies are dedicated to this topic since it seems going without saying: this is a phenomenon that most of the heterosexual couples know at any stage of their life but which we are not inclined to investigate since it is just normal that a heterosexual couple aims to become a parental couple. And yet, the individualization of the paths reinforces the role of the sexuality, and the access to parentality can make the couple more vulnerable. Getting a child can sometimes generate some changes in the behavior but also in the representations of the partners as regards their sexuality, their conjugal life, but also their own individuality. This is the reason why we tried to find out in this dissertation how becoming parents can affect conjugal sexuality and conjugal life, keeping in mind that this work at the crossroads of family sociology and sexuality sociology is questioning a point that goes without saying for many people. So, in order to stand back and move a bit away from this point of view, we led the investigation in two different socio-cultural contexts: France and Venezuela
Cadiou, Yann. "Analyse comparative des systèmes d'innovation de la France et du Japon dans le contexte de la mondialisation." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070023.
Повний текст джерелаInternationalization of innovation systems is studied within the framework of the institutionalistic theories of innovation, in a context of globalization of the activities, intensification of the transfers of knowledge and development of ICT's. Internationalization of these systems is analysed starting from a former work (8 typologies carried out on each subsystem), a comparison of the trajectories of France and Japan from the point of view of the performances of the countries in the field of innovation and competitiveness, and the addition of a level of reflection related to the financial systems. 76 variables are mobilized. This thesis is built in 3 great parts made up each of 2 chapters : - We analyse innovation systems which include the institution beyond only field of science and of technology be characterize on the theoretical and statistics plans though the study of French, Japanese and ten other innovation systems. The problem of internationalization of innovation systems and of the national basis of these systems in a context of globalization and the methodology used in the comparative analysis. - The trajectory of French and Japanese innovation systems is then studied through a data analysis. The analyses of the first part are prolonged and we compare innovation systems at three dates to appreciate the convergence and the divergence of the countries. The internationalization of the systems is posed in the regional dimension. - Innovation systems tend finally both to converge and to maintain their specificities in particular as regards of their regional integration. One also insists on the analysis of these systems in an international "regime", the articulation of technological and financial dimensions, the taking into account of the supply international system
Lepage, Fanny. "Application de la gouvernance élargie dans les très petites entreprises : analyse comparative des exploitations laitières France/Québec." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NSAM0025/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims to evaluate the impacts of governance and of the manager on the financial strategies and performance of very small enterprises (VSE). An empirical application to French and Canadian dairy farms shows different impacts depending on the economic and politic context. Using governance theories to analyze the performance of VSE allows studying the influence of different actors in managers' decisions. To validate the theorical framework, we first carried out focus group with dairy farm managers. The analysis of the thematic content of these meetings allowed to define more specifically the governance system of VSE and to identify the main actors, the governance mechanisms, the reasons behind the use of these and the relationships between the governance system and the manager. Then, quantitative information from agricultural accounting database was analysed by a “structural equation model” to validate the hypothesis of the influence of governance and the manager on the financial strategies and performance. The results improve the knowledge of the governance functioning of the dairy VSE
Yastrebtseva, Anastasia. "L'état face à la question des universités : analyse comparative des politiques universitaires en Russie et en France." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040178.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis examines socio-philosophical discussions related to actualization of « University » as part of Russian public policy in XIX - XX centuries. The University as an idea was brought to Russia from the outside just as Russian philosophy was engendered by Western European rationality. Although a product of the western thought, Russian philosophy was mostly applied focusing on social, religious and cultural problems of the Russian society. Comparative analysis of Russian and French public policy seen through the prism of their respective philosophical discourse reveals unique characteristics of educational and university models and their connection to the policy goals.- Key words: university, nationalism, multiculturalism, academic freedom, autonomy, academic ethics, tolerance
Mondon-Navazo, Mathilde. "Les Travailleurs Indépendants Economiquement Dépendants (TIED) en France et au Brésil : analyse comparative d’une zone grise d’emploi." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA151.
Повний текст джерелаThis research deals with a specific category of workers, the Economically Dependent Self-employed Workers (EDSW), who associate legal independence with an economic dependence upon a single client. Combining typical characteristics of two traditional labor categories, wage-labor and self-employment, EDSW fall within a grey zone of the labor market. Starting from a qualitative survey conducted among French and Brazilian EDSW from the Information Technology sector, we question the social significance of this hybrid employment form and the way it emerges in labor markets as dissimilar as those of France and Brazil. At first, the analysis of EDSW working conditions enables to place them on a continuum between disguised wage-labor and real self-employment and to identify two typical profiles: service providers integrated to the client structure and transitioning self-employed workers. To study their occupational path, we then mobilize Amartya Sen’s capability approach (2000): we show that the careers of EDSW – deprived of labor law protection by their self-employment status – rely on accumulation and conversion processes of various resources types into real freedom (or capabilities). Moreover, if Sen's approach helps explaining the observed differences in capabilities within our sample, we propose to enrich its analytical framework in order to adapt it to socio professional path study. Finally, the conducted analyzes lead us to split our sample into two groups: the ‘reluctant EDSW’ and the ‘fulfilled EDSW’. The reluctant EDSW, more numerous in Brazil, express a strong attachment to wage-labor, whereas the fulfilled EDSW see in EDSW position a way to exit disappointing jobs and often find benefits in a situation which offers them more autonomy than wage-labor and greater comfort than actual self-employment. Mobilizing the theoretical contributions of Fraser (2010) and Boltanski and Chiapello (2011), we demonstrate how the positioning of the fulfilled EDSW contributes to indirectly challenge the welfare state’s role.EDSW ultimately appear as an icon of an ambivalent process of individualization which contributes to the emergence of a subject who is seeking for autonomy, relieved from its traditional affiliations, while simultaneously promoting a direct confrontation of the individuals with the market that increases inequalities. Therefore, if the fulfilled EDSW’s wishes for emancipation and autonomy should be seriously considered, a reflection is needed on measures that may increase individual capabilities while struggling against increasing inequalities and maintaining a system of risks management based on solidarity
Essa tese está dedicada a uma categoria específica de trabalhadores, os Trabalhadores Autônomos Economicamente Dependentes (TAEDs), que cumulam uma autonomia jurídica com uma situação de dependência econômica em relação a um único cliente. Ao associar características típicas das duas categorias clássicas que são os assalariados e os trabalhadores autônomos, os TAEDs inscrevem-se numa zona cinzenta do mercado de trabalho. A partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada com TAEDs franceses e brasileiros do setor de Tecnologia da Informação, perguntamo-nos acerca do significado social dessa forma híbrida de trabalho e da sua emergência nos mercados de trabalho tão distintos da França e do Brasil. A análise das condições de trabalho dos entrevistados possibilita primeiro situar os TAEDs num continuum entre emprego assalariado e verdadeiro trabalho autônomo e diferenciar dois perfis: os prestadores integrados na estrutura cliente e os autônomos em transição. Para estudar as trajetórias profissionais desses trabalhadores, mobilizamos, em seguida, a abordagem pelas capacidades de Amartya Sen (2000): mostramos que os percursos dos TAEDs – que são privados das proteções trabalhistas pela sua autonomia jurídica – dependem de processos de acumulação e conversão de distintos tipos de recursos em liberdades reais (ou capacidades). Além disso, se a abordagem de Sen permite explicar as diferenças de capacidades observadas na nossa amostra, propomos enriquecer o seu marco de análise para adaptá-lo ao estudo de trajetórias socioprofissionais. As análises realizadas nos levam finalmente a distinguir dois grupos de entrevistados, os “TAEDs reticentes” e os “TAEDs satisfeitos”: os TAEDs reticentes, mais numerosos no Brasil, expressam um forte apego ao emprego assalariado enquanto os TAEDs satisfeitos veem na posição de TAED uma forma de se livrarem de empregos decepcionantes e, na maioria dos casos, creem vantajosa uma situação que oferece uma autonomia maior que o emprego assalariado e um conforto maior que o trabalho verdadeiramente autônomo. A partir das obras de Fraser (2010) e Boltanski e Chiapello (2011), mostramos que o posicionamento dos TAEDs satisfeitos questiona indiretamente o papel do Estado social. Os TAEDs aparecem então como uma figura emblemática de um processo ambivalente de individualização que contribui para a emergência de um sujeito que busca autonomia e está livre de seus pertencimentos tradicionais, ao mesmo tempo em que favorece um confronto direto do indivíduo com o mercado que aumenta as desigualdades. Se achamos que os desejos de emancipação e autonomia dos TAEDs satisfeitos têm que ser levados a serio, é necessário refletir sobre as medidas que poderiam expandir as capacidades dos indivíduos, lutando contra o aumento das desigualdades e preservando um sistema solidário de gestão dos riscos
Russell, Diane. "Du storyboard au storyboardeur : étude comparative d'une activité cinématographique en France et aux États-Unis." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030067.
Повний текст джерелаThe starting point of this work involves a quantitative analysis of the object »storyboard » applied on a large corpus. The taxonomy here established, crossed witha qualitative approach, allows one to reveal communication codes and invariantsinherent to this preproduction device. This first leads to the definition of the toolstoryboard among other film preparation drawings. The classification of the dataaccording to its period then brings a new perspective to the analysis: it is through theobject, vestige of its own story and vector of ideas, from which are drawn the socialinteractions and the professionalization of those who manufacture it. The studyconcerns two different conceptions of the storyboarding practice, on both sides of theAtlantic Ocean
Maulik, Manas Kumar. "Adolescence and school failure : a comparison of school dropout in India and France." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE2016/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn last few decades priority has been given to prevention of school dropout which not only affects the future economic and social status of individual but also presents a huge problem for his family, his children and his country. In this study, we compare school drop in two countries, India and France, very different, but concerned with drop-out at various degrees.In chap. 1, we compare structure, history and functioning of education system in France and India, using significant factors like students’ enrolment, reading ability, economic status of families and resort to private tuition. We conclude with a brief reminder of the psychological development of adolescents and its impact on learning.Chapter 2 is devoted to the dropping out study. We examine the variations of its definition according to countries, its causes, external (dwelling place, cultural environment, parents’ illiteracy) and internal (basic skills deficiency, grade repetition, teacher expectation), its consequences (unemployment, illiteracy, decline of GDP, social climate disturbance) and its remedies (regular educational surveys, adult education, educational strategies).In ch. 3 we present the surveys we have carried out in collège Leï Garrus (Var) and Lakshmipur Shamidji Seva Sangha High school (Lakshmipur) with 15-16 aged students, on the basis of PISA questionnaires regarding basic skills and teacher-student relationship. We underline resemblances (failing in language and mathematics) and differences (drop out external causes, extra-school tuition). Finally, we emphasize the limits but also the need of the comparative approach, defending an intercultural perspective of education research
Dimachki, Loubna. "L'analyse des interactions de commerce en France et au Liban : une perspective comparative interculturelle." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/dimachki_l.
Повний текст джерелаLins-Peliz, Ana Carolina. "Le changement climatique dans la presse : une analyse comparative des représentations du phénomène en France et au Brésil." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040144.
Повний текст джерелаThis research examines climate change public representation in Brazilian and French newspapers. This representation includes the construction of climate change such as news. Through the analyses of newspaper articles reported in these two countries (Le Monde, Le Figaro, O Estado de São Paulo et O Globo), we found that climate change, per se, did not represents a news story’s value. Reports on climate change in newspapers are often the byproduct of the press’ discursive strategies, where intertextuality becomes a journalistic device. In this sense, the issue of climate change is intertwined with other subject matters and, by default, it establishes a relationship of dependence with other news stories. We found that political events related to climate change, essentially COPs, or the publication of new scientific findings, become crucial to the production of news, not only for divulging new facts but for promoting the circulation of information while constructing a discursive memory about the subject matter. The discourse built around climate change in the newspapers analyzed lays between antagonistic ideas of utopia and dystopia. The utopian ideals are portrayed by the notion of consensus - which in this case has not been reached, through scientific merit and by the depiction of nature. Contrary to this, dystopia is invariably represented as failure and disappointment, by the lack of political accord and allegorized as a bleak future to come
Dumont, Isabelle. "La détresse sociale dans le centre-ville : analyse comparative entre Brighton, Royaume-Uni ; Parme, Italie et Caen, France." Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN1358.
Повний текст джерелаHocquet, Laetitia. "Déterminants et effets de la formation professionnelle continue en France et en Grande-Bretagne : une analyse empirique comparative." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010045.
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