Статті в журналах: "Amorphism"

1

Onodera, A., Y. Fujii, and S. Sugai. "Polymorphism and amorphism at high pressure." Physica B+C 139-140 (May 1986): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4363(86)90567-x.

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2

Jiao, Shilong, Zhaoyu Yao, Mengfan Li, Ce Mu, Huawei Liang, Yu-Jia Zeng, and Hongwen Huang. "Accelerating oxygen evolution electrocatalysis of two-dimensional NiFe layered double hydroxide nanosheets via space-confined amorphization." Nanoscale 11, no. 40 (2019): 18894–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr07465a.

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3

Vance, E. R., C. D. Cann, and P. G. Richardson. "Electron irradiation-induced amorphism of some silicates." Radiation Effects 98, no. 1-4 (September 1986): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00337578608206099.

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4

MATSUDA, YOSHIHISA, MAKOTO OTSUKA, MIKA ONOE, and ETSUKO TATSUMI. "Amorphism and Physicochemical Stability of Spray-dried Frusemide." Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 44, no. 8 (August 1992): 627–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1992.tb05483.x.

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5

Porter-O??Grady, Tim. "The Real Values of Partnership Preventing Professional Amorphism." JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration 24, no. 2 (February 1994): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005110-199402000-00006.

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6

Raemy, A., C. Kaabi, E. Ernst, and G. Vuataz. "Precise determination of low level sucrose amorphism by microcalorimetry." Journal of Thermal Analysis 40, no. 2 (August 1993): 437–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02546612.

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7

Aguilar, Juan A., Andrew T. Ball, Christopher R. Coxon, Alan M. Kenwright, Robert W. Lancaster, Jackie A. Mosely, and Matthew A. Mutton. "Amorphism and Thermal Decomposition of Salicylsalicylic Acid—A Cautionary Tale." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 105, no. 10 (October 2016): 3073–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2016.06.009.

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8

Tromans, D., and J. A. Meech. "Enhanced dissolution of minerals: stored energy, amorphism and mechanical activation." Minerals Engineering 14, no. 11 (November 2001): 1359–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0892-6875(01)00151-0.

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9

Li, N., Y. D. Wang, R. Lin Peng, X. Sun, P. K. Liaw, G. L. Wu, L. Wang, and H. N. Cai. "Localized amorphism after high-strain-rate deformation in TWIP steel." Acta Materialia 59, no. 16 (September 2011): 6369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2011.06.048.

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10

Pattillo, Mary, Rosa Emilia Bermúdez Rico, and Ana María Mosquera Guevara. "ESTAMOS DISTANCIADOS." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 18, no. 1 (2021): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x21000047.

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AbstractA Black middle class has emerged in many Latin American countries. Yet given the fluidity of Black identity, it is unclear if socioeconomic gains will result in the consolidation of a Black middle-class group identity with a sense of political responsibility or purpose. In this article, we use qualitative interviews with twenty-two Black professionals in Cali, Colombia, plus a small convenience survey, to explore the following research questions: Does the intersection of being Black and middle class cohere into a group identity? If so, does it translate into a Black political consciousness? And if not, what are the obstacles? We find that while respondents individually identify with a Black middle-class label, they do not experience it as a group that feels symbolic bonds of attachment or acts in a coordinated or mutually cognizant manner. It is a category without shape or coherence. It is amorphous. There are four primary explanations for Black middle class amorphism: the absence of shared or positive markers of collective Black identity; a lack of organizational infrastructure; taboos against organizing along racial lines in the workplace; and a strong individualist ethos towards protecting opportunities and enhancing personal status. We situate our findings within the field of Black politics to discuss what might be lost or gained by this amorphism.

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11

Bettinetti, Giampiero, Milena Sorrenti, Laura Catenacci, Franca Ferrari та Silvia Rossi. "Polymorphism, pseudopolymorphism, and amorphism of peracetylated α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrins". Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 41, № 4 (червень 2006): 1205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2006.03.008.

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12

Tromans, Desmond. "Thermodynamic Evaluation of the Effects of Amorphism on Film Breakdown and Pitting Initiation." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 152, no. 11 (2005): B460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2048169.

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13

Liu, Wei, and Qun Xu. "CO2 -Assisted Conversion of Crystal Two-Dimensional Molybdenum Oxide to Amorphism with Plasmon Resonances." Chemistry - A European Journal 24, no. 52 (June 28, 2018): 13693–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201801055.

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14

Baranov, S. A., and A. I. Dikusar. "Kinetics of Electrochemical Nanonucleation by Induced Codeposition of Iron Group Metals with Refractory Metals (W, Mo, Re)." Elektronnaya Obrabotka Materialov 57, no. 5 (October 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.52577/eom.2021.57.5.01.

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It is shown that the earlier discovered features of the composition and properties of electrochemical coatings obtained by the induced codeposition from alloys of iron group metals (W, Mo, Re) such as nanocrystallinity (X-ray amorphism), macroscopic dimensional effects of microhardness and corrosion resistance, the effect of the volume current density on the properties and composition are a consequence of the fractality of the solutions of complexes (citrate, gluconate, etc.) in combination with the intensive interfacial exchange. In this case, the kinetics of nano-nucleation limits the size of the resulting alloy nucleus, as a result of which water molecules participate in the formation of coatings, leading to the incorporation of oxide-hydroxide inclusions into the solid phase and hydrogenation.

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15

Flörke, O. W., B. Martin, K. Röller, and R. Wirth. "Electron irradiation effects in quartz single crystals and polycrystalline materials." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 4 (August 1990): 826–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010017726x.

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Electron irradiation damage in quartz and irradiation induced amorphism (metamict transformation in α-quartz) have been studied by several authors.The present investigations are focused on the orientation dependence of the irradiation damage, the influence of the proton and OH−concentration and the behaviour of grain boundaries during electron irradiation. Starting materials were synthetically grown quartz crystals with well defined OH−content and the crystallographic orientations (0001) (c-cut) and (2110) (x-cut). Polycrystalline quartz from metamorphic rocks (Western Alps) were used for studying the influence of electron irradiation on grain boundaries. Samples were prepared from thin sections (thickness about 30 μm) by ion milling and coated with carbon. The irradiation experiments were carried out in a JEOL JEM 200 CX electron microscope at 200 kV acceleration voltage at room temperature and at about 117 K.

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16

Zakharov, Valery N., Igor K. Kudryavtsev, Sergey F. Dunaev, Kseniya A. Paseshnichenko, and Leonid A. Aslanov. "Triazine 2D Nanosheets as a New Class of Nanomaterials: Crystallinity, Properties and Applications." Colloids and Interfaces 6, no. 2 (March 30, 2022): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids6020020.

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Based on the recent (2015–2021) literature data, the authors analyze the mutual dependence of crystallinity/amorphism and specific surface area and porosity in covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs), taking into account thermodynamic and kinetic control in the synthesis of these 2D nanosheets. CTFs have now become a promising new class of high-performance porous organic materials. They can be recycled and reused easily, and thus have great potential as sustainable materials. For 2D CTFs, numerous examples are given to support the known rule that the structure and properties of any material with a given composition depend on the conditions of its synthesis. The review may be useful for elder students, postgraduate students, engineers and research fellows dealing with chemical synthesis and modern nanotechnologies based on 2D covalent triazine frameworks.

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17

Mao, Dan, Xiu Feng Xiao, Chun Yan Wang, Hai Zhen Tang, and Rong Fang Liu. "Anodic Oxidized Titania Nanotubes as Drug Delivery." Advanced Materials Research 335-336 (September 2011): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.335-336.343.

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TiO2 nanotube arrays were fabricated by anodic oxidation in electrolytes containing F- in this paper. To achieve local drug delivery, anodized titanium with nanotube layer structures were loaded with ibuprofen(IBU) using a vacuum drying method in which drug molecules were tiled on the anodized titanium to dry in vacuum drying oven. The morphology and phase of TiO2nanotube were characterized by means of FE-SEM, XRD, FIRT, respectively. Results indicated IBU were loaded on titania nanotube (220nm inner diameter and 7.3μm deep) layer successfully. But the IBU loading on anatase is more than on amorphism. And different phases with drug loading have the same release process, which was divided into quick release and stable release. Quick release processes about Anatase/IBU are fitted with different equations. We found that the experimental data fit the theoretical first-order curve the best. It suggested that the drug carrier had the properties of sustained release.

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18

Wang, Hui, Hong Xin Xu, Na Zhang, and Lian Dong Hu. "Enhancement of Dissolution Rate of Daidzein in Ternary Solid Dispersions." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 1000–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.1000.

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The purpose of this study was to enhance the dissolution rate of daidzein (DZ) by solid dispersions. DZ solid dispersion was prepared by solvent method, with PVP K30 and surfactant as carriers. The influences of drug-carrier proportion, the kind of surfactant and the amount of surfactant on the dissolution of DZ were examined. Solid dispersions were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and dissolution tests. When appropriate amount of poloxamer was added into the solid dispersion, the dissolution of DZ could be improved obviously. The data of IR showed that the absence of well-defined drug-polymer interactions. The data of X-ray diffraction showed that the drug might exist in the form of amorphism or molecule in solid dispersions. Both the binary and ternary solid dispersions enhanced the dissolution of DZ. Moreover, poloxamer played an important positive role in improving the dissolution rate of DZ in the solid dispersion.

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19

Yu, Jian-Yuan, Min-Jie Huang, Chun-hsien Chen, Chang-Sheng Lin, and Chien-Hong Cheng. "On the Improvement of Blue Emission for All sp2-Hybridized Bistriphenylenyls: Incorporating Phenylenyl Moieties To Enhance Film Amorphism." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 113, no. 17 (April 8, 2009): 7405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp8101223.

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20

GAO ZHAN, XU JIAN-HONG, and WANG ZHEN-LIN. "CRITICAL BEHAVIOR AT THE SURFACE OF A SEMI-INFINITE MIXED-SPIN ISING SYSTEM WITH SURFACE RANDOM FIELD AND AMORPHISM." Acta Physica Sinica 48, no. 11 (1999): 2131. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.48.2131.

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21

Abbaspoor, Saleheh, Samira Agbolaghi, Maryam Nazari, and Farhang Abbasi. "Conventional and rare-patched rod/coil matrix-dispersed patternings on single crystals affected by Rigidity, amorphism and crystallinity of brushes." European Polymer Journal 94 (September 2017): 446–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.07.038.

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22

Irigon, Paula Irigon de, Rejane Maria Candiota Tubino, Ana Paula Kirchheim, Lizete Ferret, and Pedro José Sanches Filho. "Extraction of Silica from the residue of Thermoelectric Power Plants." Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 10, no. 3 (July 17, 2019): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2019.003.0010.

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Brazil presents the second largest coal reserves in Latin America, whose exploration is mainly focused on electricity generation. The present study was carried out to systematically evaluate the influence of various physical and chemical factors on the extraction of pure amorphous silica precipitated from coal-fired bottom ash. The coal bottom ashes (CBA) is a disposable waste from thermoelectric plants, which basically consists of oxides of silicon (80-60%), aluminium (25-20%) and iron (10-2%), being considered as raw material for silica production, by the sol-gel process. The CBA characterization was carried out by determining moisture, elemental composition (XRF), amorphism (XRD) and granulometry.The process evaluation tookplace in two stages: the quantitative evaluation that wasrelated to the quantification of the amount of silica obtained and the process variables (NaOH concentration and temperature); and the qualitative evaluationof the silica extracted. The extracted silica particles were characterized by TG, BET, XRD.Silica and aluminium contents were obtained by gravimetric analysis. Among the factors analysed, the concentration of sodium hydroxide and temperature interference were the most important. Likewise, the repeat process for the same ash sample (sequential extraction) proved to be more effective than increasing the NaOH concentration. The obtained yield was 51.34%. The silica is 89.4% pure, when 5,63% of impurities are related to aluminium oxide .

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23

Irigon, Paula Irigon de, Rejane Maria Candiota Tubino, Ana Paula Kirchheim, Lizete Ferret, and Pedro José Sanches Filho. "Extraction of Silica from the residue of Thermoelectric Power Plants." Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 10, no. 3 (September 9, 2020): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2019.003.0010.

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Brazil presents the second largest coal reserves in Latin America, whose exploration is mainly focused on electricity generation. The present study was carried out to systematically evaluate the influence of various physical and chemical factors on the extraction of pure amorphous silica precipitated from coal-fired bottom ash. The coal bottom ashes (CBA) is a disposable waste from thermoelectric plants, which basically consists of oxides of silicon (80-60%), aluminium (25-20%) and iron (10-2%), being considered as raw material for silica production, by the sol-gel process. The CBA characterization was carried out by determining moisture, elemental composition (XRF), amorphism (XRD) and granulometry.The process evaluation tookplace in two stages: the quantitative evaluation that wasrelated to the quantification of the amount of silica obtained and the process variables (NaOH concentration and temperature); and the qualitative evaluationof the silica extracted. The extracted silica particles were characterized by TG, BET, XRD.Silica and aluminium contents were obtained by gravimetric analysis. Among the factors analysed, the concentration of sodium hydroxide and temperature interference were the most important. Likewise, the repeat process for the same ash sample (sequential extraction) proved to be more effective than increasing the NaOH concentration. The obtained yield was 51.34%. The silica is 89.4% pure, when 5,63% of impurities are related to aluminium oxide .

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24

Osipova, Alla, Victoria Boguslavskaya, Anna Vlasova, and Ivan Borodin. "Research on the structure of values of 6-7 years old children." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 19008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021019008.

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The article presents the results of the study of the value structure of 6-7 years old children. The relevance of the study is caused by the role that childhood has on subsequent human development. The basic values that determine human development are formed at the age of 7 years. However, the study of the value sphere of children presents a number of difficulties - the limited methods and techniques that allow us to explore the value sphere of children, the closeness of the family for scientific research, the insufficient social experience of the child himself, differences in the level of communicative development of children and a number of other difficulties and restrictions. At the same time, the use of various research methods - projective, standardized, observations provides empirical data on the structure of values of 6-7 years old children. Both projective and standardized techniques were used in the study. The results show that the development of the value sphere in children 6-7 occurs very unevenly: from complete amorphism to the presence of a clear hierarchical structure. There are confirmed differences in the structure of preferred values among boys and girls. Girls aged 6-7 choose values related to the communicative sphere, while boys of this age are guided by values that are active character.

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25

Dai, Jun, Kaifeng Zhou, Ming Li, Huiqin Sun, Yunqing Chen, Shijian Su, Xuemei Pu, Yan Huang, and Zhiyun Lu. "Iridium(iii) complexes with enhanced film amorphism as guests for efficient orange solution-processed single-layer PhOLEDs with low efficiency roll-off." Dalton Transactions 42, no. 29 (2013): 10559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3dt50834j.

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26

Litvyak, V. V. "Scientific basis of technology for production of cationic starch." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series 57, no. 1 (February 15, 2019): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2019-57-1-110-121.

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Starch derivatives containing ether cationic groups (amino-, ammonium, sulfonium, phosphonium, etc.) are vital commercial product. Cationic starches with tertiary amino- and quaternary ammonium ether groups have found the greatest use. The paper is devoted to sore problem - deep processing of vegetable starch-containing raw materials and in particular production of domestic chemically modified (substituted) cationic starch. Comparative studies of the kinetics of the reaction of obtaining cationic ethers of potato and corn starch using N-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)-N,N,N-trimethylammonium © Литвяк В. В., 2019 chloride depending on the molar ratio of reagents, temperature, concentration of starch suspension and the nature of native starch. The effect of starch cationization process on the morphological peculiarities of starch granules, as well as degree of crystallinity, was studied. The effect of cationization of starch on the structural characteristics of granules (degree of crystallinity-and-amorphism) at the general preservation of starch granules and physical and chemical properties (rheological and thermogravimetric) has been determined. A scientifically based, highly efficient method for cationization of starch N-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)-N,N,N-trimethylammonium chloride in an alkaline medium with the use of gelatinization inhibitors was developed allowing to obtain cationic starch with substitution degree of 0.01-0.06 mol/mol. The obtained cationic starch can be used in the pulp and paper, textile and other industry. The developed technology for production of chemically modified cationic starch has been successfully implemented at local enterprises.

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27

Nitsenko, A. V., N. M. Burabaeva, F. Kh Tuleutay, R. S. Seisembaev, K. A. Linnik, and M. N. Azlan. "Study of physical and chemical properties of tellurium-containing middlings." Kompleksnoe Ispolʹzovanie Mineralʹnogo syrʹâ/Complex Use of Mineral Resources/Mineraldik Shikisattardy Keshendi Paidalanu 4, no. 315 (December 10, 2020): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31643/2020/6445.36.

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The process experts are concerned in tellurium due to its various physical and chemical properties. The copper anode slime is the main industrial source of tellurium, after processing of that tellurium becomes marketable product and can be sold both in elemental form and tellurium-containing middling. Physical and chemical properties of the tellurium-containing middling of Kazakhmys Smelting LLP produced in 2018 have been studied in this paper. The following methods have been applied during the study: particle size distribution, X-ray phase, X-ray fluorescence and scanning electron probe microscopy. It was found that material is mainly represented by the large pieces of 0.2 mm in size, with moisture content of 15.57 %, bulk density of 0.8 g/cm3 without tapping and 0.88 g/cm3 with tapping, the angle friction - 33°. The elemental composition of the material was determined by X-ray fluorescence method as follows, wt. %: Cu – 33.327; Te – 21.863; Se – 0.766, O – 35.116; S – 5.045. X-ray phase analysis showed that material is mainly in the amorphous state, the following phases had been identified: Cu2.5SO4(OH)3·2H2O, Cu3(SO4)(OH)4, CuSO4(H2O)3. Tellurium-containing phases could not be detected due to strong amorphism. Hydrosulfate forms of copper in the form of flakes have been found on the surface of the middlings by electron probe microscopy. EDS analysis of individual areas showed that patina also contains small amounts of chlorine, selenium and up to 25 % tellurium, in addition to such elements as copper, sulfur and oxygen. Small amounts of sulfur, chromium, selenium and up to 45 % of oxygen has been found in the open area of material, that is specific for its oxidation.

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28

Camacho, Alini Luísa Diehl, Emanuele Caroline Araujo dos Santos, Jorge Augusto Berwanger Filho, Luis Alcides Schiavo Miranda, and Carlos Alberto Mendes Moraes. "Evaluation of BTEX adsorption in industrial effluent through the percolation method using rice husk ash as adsorbent material." Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental 24 (December 4, 2020): e21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236117062696.

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The aromatic petroleum hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes) are highly volatile and toxic to human health and the environment. Adsorption is a physical-chemical process widely used in effluent treatment in which a material called adsorbate has the capacity to retain components dispersed in an aqueous medium on its surface. Studies of waste recovery demonstrate potentialities and more noble uses than the final disposal. In this sense, the ashes generated from the combustion of rice husk can be used as a by-product with various applications; in the case of this work, as adsorbent material, due to its amorphism and its high surface area. This study aimed to evaluate the adsorption of the aromatic components of a petrochemical effluent (formation water) with the use of two types of rice husk ash generated from two different grate combustion processes in a filtration system under positive pressure. The ashes were segregated and characterized according to their physical, chemical, mineralogical, and microstructural properties. The adsorption procedure by percolation consisted of 1L of petrochemical effluent for 45 g of adsorbent material. The samples of raw effluent were analyzed by gas chromatography. The results proved that the percentage of removal of BTEX composts in the segregated ash I did not potentialize the effect of the adsorption, being higher in the raw ash, with values of 90.2; 94.9; 83.3 and 100 %, while in ash II the effect of the segregation influenced the adsorption process only for the benzene and toluene, with removal values that went from 55.08 to 69.14 % and 69.23 to 75 %, respectively, in both of the ashes studied. The results obtained were inferior to those recommended by the legislation. Thus, the different combustion temperatures of the husk influenced in the characteristics, adsorption capacity, and BTEX removal efficiency by the adsorbate. Therefore, the positive filtration system can be used as a final polishing step in the treatment of petrochemical effluents, replacing conventional systems that use activated carbon.

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29

Sheptunov, Sergey, Vladimir Logvin, Lyudmila Uvarova, and Tatyana Karlova. "SCHROEDINGER EQUATION USE FOR INVESTIGATIONS OF PHENOMENA TAKING PLACE IN PLASMA GENERATOR OF GLOW DISCHARGE." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2020, no. 9 (September 17, 2020): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2020-9-18-27.

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The work purpose is development of the theory ensuring creation of an efficient system of fast process control in the plasma generator of a glow discharge and contributing to the development of new techniques and equipment for their realization under conditions of controllable automated tool production. There are used regulations of quantum mechanics lying in that any system can be described by setting in a general case a complex wave function of the kind of . A possibility to find out a charged particle at the time t in some point of the near-cathode area of the closed volume of the plasma generator with the radius-vector was defined by probability density which is presented by a module square of the wave function of . In the course of the investigation carried out there are obtained the following results. The formation of charged particle flows in the plasma generator of a glow discharge has a probabilistic character. The Schroedinger equation use to obtain analytical dependences describing the processes of charged particle flows formation in the plasma generator of a glow charge is the most corresponding as it allows defining a value of their energy depending on the gas technological environment used. The rate change of gas technological environment pumping allows forming a corresponding volume of ions having specified energy and frequency, in the flow taking into account their mass and energy according to the adopted exponential distribution of ion mass in the flow. In automated technological environment having changed a kind of gas technological environment and a rate of its pumping it is possible to obtain predictable results of the impact of glow discharge plasma upon a surface of products worked explaining the effect of defect generation. As a result of high-energy ion bombardment of the surface of products under processing in the plasma generator of the glow discharge there is discovered the presence of a dissipative process with the elements of self-organization. The low-energy ion presence in the flow ensures an ion current transfer which results in the change of chemical and phase structure in the surface volume of material, its modification and reduction of a crystalline structure and also in amorphism on the surface.

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30

Sheptunov, Sergey, Vladimir Logvin, Lyudmila Uvarova, and Tatyana Karlova. "SCHROEDINGER EQUATION USE FOR INVESTIGATIONS OF PHENOMENA TAKING PLACE IN PLASMA GENERATOR OF GLOW DISCHARGE." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2020, no. 9 (September 22, 2020): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2020-9-19-28.

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Анотація:

The work purpose is development of the theory ensuring creation of an efficient system of fast process control in the plasma generator of a glow discharge and contributing to the development of new techniques and equipment for their realization under conditions of controllable automated tool production. There are used regulations of quantum mechanics lying in that any system can be described by setting in a general case a complex wave function of the kind of . A possibility to find out a charged particle at the time t in some point of the near-cathode area of the closed volume of the plasma generator with the radius-vector was defined by probability density which is presented by a module square of the wave function of . In the course of the investigation carried out there are obtained the following results. The formation of charged particle flows in the plasma generator of a glow discharge has a probabilistic character. The Schroedinger equation use to obtain analytical dependences describing the processes of charged particle flows formation in the plasma generator of a glow charge is the most corresponding as it allows defining a value of their energy depending on the gas technological environment used. The rate change of gas technological environment pumping allows forming a corresponding volume of ions having specified energy and frequency, in the flow taking into account their mass and energy according to the adopted exponential distribution of ion mass in the flow. In automated technological environment having changed a kind of gas technological environment and a rate of its pumping it is possible to obtain predictable results of the impact of glow discharge plasma upon a surface of products worked explaining the effect of defect generation. As a result of high-energy ion bombardment of the surface of products under processing in the plasma generator of the glow discharge there is discovered the presence of a dissipative process with the elements of self-organization. The low-energy ion presence in the flow ensures an ion current transfer which results in the change of chemical and phase structure in the surface volume of material, its modification and reduction of a crystalline structure and also in amorphism on the surface.

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31

Tyagi, Pankaj Kumar, Samridhi Gupta, Shruti Tyagi, Manoj Kumar, R. Pandiselvam, Sevgi Durna Daştan, Javad Sharifi-Rad, Deepak Gola, and Arvind Arya. "Green Synthesis of Iron Nanoparticles from Spinach Leaf and Banana Peel Aqueous Extracts and Evaluation of Antibacterial Potential." Journal of Nanomaterials 2021 (November 29, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4871453.

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Spinacia oleracea (spinach) and Musa acuminata (banana) were chosen for the study, and aqueous extracts of spinach leaf extract (SLE) and banana peel extract (BPE) were prepared for the synthesis of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs), and their antibacterial potential against pathogenic bacteria Bacillus subtilis (MTTC 1133) and Escherichia coli (MTTC 62) was evaluated. In 10 minutes at 60°C, the color of the mixture (FeCl3+SLE) changed from light green to dark blackish-brown, and the color of the mix (FeCl3+BPE) changed from transparent yellow to dark black, confirming the synthesis of FeNPs from SLE and BPE, respectively. The UV-Vis spectra of spinach- and banana-derived FeNPs revealed two peaks ranging from 240 to 430 nm and multiple peaks at 240, 270, and 395 nm, respectively. FTIR spectroscopy was used to show different functional groups on BPE and SLE, and their role in FeNP synthesis was predicted. TEM micrographs showed that the particles were in nanoscale, ranging in size from 20 to 50 nm for BPE-derived FeNPs and 10 to 70 nm for SLE-derived FeNPs. The FeNP (BPE and SLE) XRD analysis revealed amorphism, with a weak iron characteristic peak, indicating noncrystallinity. The antibacterial potential of BPE- and SLE-FeNPs was investigated, and inhibition zones (mm) against B. subtilis ( 22.70 ± 0.4 ) and E. coli ( 20.45 ± 1.66 ) were observed, as well as SLE-FeNPs against B. subtilis ( 23.56 ± 1.00 ) and E. coli ( 20.33 ± 0.58 ). There were no significant differences in antibacterial activities between BPE-FeNPs and SLE-FeNPs. Positive controls were tetracycline and gentamicin, both standard antibiotics, at 5 μg/disk. SLE- and BPE-derived green FeNPs were also analysed in vivo of D. melanogaster life history traits, i.e., fecundity, hatchability, viability, and duration of development for toxicity evaluation. SLE- and BPE-derived green FeNPs at a concentration of 10 mg/L were fed flies compared to normal diet-fed flies (control sample), and no significant differences were observed between them. The findings suggest that FeNPs have a high antibacterial potential and could be used as antibacterial agents against pathogenic bacteria while being nontoxic in nature.

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32

Zheleznova, Lidia, Lyudmila Sliusarchuk, Nadiia Ivakha, Serhii Kuleshov, and Olena Trunova. "SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF THE HETERONUCLEAR ACETYLACETONATE Nd(III) AND Ni(II) COMPLEX AS A PRECURSOR FOR OBTAINING COMPLEX-OXIDE STRUCTURES." Ukrainian Chemistry Journal 85, no. 8 (August 15, 2019): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33609/0041-6045.85.8.2019.83-93.

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The heterometallic acetylacetonate complex NdNi(АА)5·6Н2О has been synthesized to obtain nickel-neodymium-containing complex oxide materials. The properties of the complex have been investigated by physico-chemical methods of analysis (elemental analysis, differential thermal analysis, IR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction). The data of X-ray powder diffraction and IR spectroscopy of NdNi(АА)5·6Н2О confirmed the formation of a new heterometallic single-phase compound. In the IR spectrum of NdNi(АА)5·6Н2О, a change is observed in the amount and position of the bands in the region of stretching vibrations of the М-О, CС, CО bonds, as compared to the IR spectra of the monometallic complexes Ni(AA)2·2Н2О and Nd(AA)3·3Н2О. An assessment of the thermal stability of the complex has been performed. It was shown that the synthesized heterometallic complex NdNi(АА)5·6Н2О is thermally more stable than monometallic acetylacetonates of Ni(II) and Nd(III). The heterocomplex can be used as a precursor to obtain heterometallic oxide structures. The pyrolysis of the NdNi(АА)5·6Н2О complex and, for comparison, the pyrolysis of the monocomplexes Ni(AA)2·2Н2О and Nd(AA)3·3Н2О were carried out with changing the thermolysis conditions — change of heating rate (from 5 °C/min to 20 °C/min), change of the final heating temperature (to 500 °C and to 800 °C), change of the exposure time at the final temperature (from 1 hour to 5 hours). It has been established that a change in the temperature conditions of the pyrolysis process affects the characteristics of the materials obtained (degree of amorphism, phase composition, the presence of impurities). The study of the composition of the pyrolysis products of the heterocomplex and the mixture of monometallic acetylacetonates of Ni(II) and Nd(III), obtained under heating to 800°C and holding at this temperature for 3 hours, showed the formation of a complex oxide Nd2NiO4, as well as other phases NiO, Nd6O11, Nd-Ni-O. However, their amount is noticeably smaller in the case of using a heterocomplex. It is shown that the temperature of heat treatment of the heterometallic complex and the time of its pyrolysis are much less in comparison with solid-phase synthesis methods.

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33

HOEFT, WAYNE W., WILLIAM FEINBLOOM, RICHARD BRILLIANT, ROBERT GORDON, CHARLES HOLLANDER, JULIAN NEWMAN, EDWIN NOVAK, BRUCE ROSENTHAL, and ERWIN VOSS. "Amorphic Lenses." Optometry and Vision Science 62, no. 2 (February 1985): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198502000-00013.

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34

Fuhrmann, G., M. Gröger, and T. Jäger. "Amorphic complexity." Nonlinearity 29, no. 2 (January 25, 2016): 528–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0951-7715/29/2/528.

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35

Cahn, Robert W. "Eumorphous amorphs." Nature 314, no. 6006 (March 1985): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/314026a0.

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36

Glaser, D., U. Bosse, F. Kahlert, and J. Horst. "Der Acardius amorphus." Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde 48, no. 06 (June 1988): 456–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1036017.

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37

DiGioia, Amanda. "Nameless, but not blameless: Motherhood in Finnish heavy metal music." Metal Music Studies 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 237–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/mms_00015_1.

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This article argues that, in some specific cases, Finnish heavy metal lyrics are horror texts, and that mothers in Finnish heavy metal lyrics are often relegated to tropes, like being ‘othered’. This shows that motherhood in Finnish heavy metal lyrics, much like motherhood in horror texts, is rarely depicted subversively. This article will address aspects of what makes motherhood horrifying and monstrous in Finnish heavy metal music. Because Pekka Kainulainen, the lyricist for Amorphis (a Finnish heavy metal band), was interviewed specifically for this project, the main example used in this article will be the lyrics of Amorphis. However, several other Finnish metal bands will also be utilized to support this thesis.

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38

Fuhrmann, Gabriel, and Maik Gröger. "Constant length substitutions, iterated function systems and amorphic complexity." Mathematische Zeitschrift 295, no. 3-4 (November 22, 2019): 1385–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00209-019-02426-2.

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AbstractWe show how geometric methods from the general theory of fractal dimensions and iterated function systems can be deployed to study symbolic dynamics in the zero entropy regime. More precisely, we establish a dimensional characterization of the topological notion of amorphic complexity. For subshifts with discrete spectrum associated to constant length substitutions, this characterization allows us to derive bounds for the amorphic complexity by interpreting the subshift as the attractor of an iterated function system in a suitable quotient space. As a result, we obtain the general finiteness and positivity of amorphic complexity in this setting and provide a closed formula in case of a binary alphabet.

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39

Wang, Yong-Xia, Ji-Hui Liu, Yi-Guang Chen, Xiao-Xia Zhang, Zhi-Gang Wang, Yun Chen, Shi-Ping Tian, Bin Hu, and Xiao-Long Cui. "Amorphus orientalis sp. nov., an exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium isolated from salt mine sediment." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 60, no. 8 (August 1, 2010): 1750–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.015735-0.

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A Gram-negative, moderately halophilic, non-motile, aerobic bacterium, designated strain YIM D10T, was isolated from a salt mine sediment sample from Yunnan, south-west China. The strain grew optimally in the presence of 3–8 % NaCl and at 28 °C and pH 7.5. The polar lipid profile of strain YIM D10T comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, an unknown phospholipid and two unknown aminolipids. The major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1 ω7c (30.5 %), C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c (29.3 %) and C18 : 0 (13.2 %). The respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 10 (Q-10). The genomic DNA G+C content was 65.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YIM D10T was closely related to Amorphus coralli RS.Sph.026T (96.8 % gene sequence similarity). Results confirmed the placement of isolate YIM D10T within the genus Amorphus. However, DNA–DNA hybridization between strain YIM D10T and the type strain of the only recognized species of the genus Amorphus, A. coralli RS.Sph.026T, was 16.7 %, showing clearly that the isolate constitutes a new genospecies. Strain YIM D10T could be clearly differentiated from A. coralli and other phylogenetic neighbours on the basis of some phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic features. Therefore, strain YIM D10T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Amorphus, for which the name Amorphus orientalis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is YIM D10T (=DSM 21202T=CCTCC AA 208035T).

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40

KOMIZO, Yu-ichi, and Kimio NAKAJIMA. "Amorphus Diffusion Bonding System." Journal of the Japan Welding Society 66, no. 7 (1997): 496–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/qjjws1943.66.496.

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41

Kirsch, M., W. Natho, L. Abet, R. Bollmann, and S. Bartho. "Der Humanus amorphus (Akardius)." Gynäkologisch-geburtshilfliche Rundschau 29, no. 2 (1989): 456–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000271155.

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42

Still, M., A. Bolz, and M. Schaldach. "DEGRADATIONSVERHALTEN VON AMORPHEM SILIZIUMKARBID." Biomedizinische Technik/Biomedical Engineering 36, s1 (1991): 217–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmte.1991.36.s1.217.

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43

Krahl, Thoralf, and Erhard Kemnitz. "Amorphes Aluminium-bromid-fluorid." Angewandte Chemie 116, no. 48 (December 10, 2004): 6822–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.200460491.

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44

Ponomarenko, I. N., and A. Rahnamai Barghi. "On amorphic C-algebras." Journal of Mathematical Sciences 145, no. 3 (September 2007): 4981–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10958-007-0333-9.

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45

Winterling, Gerhard. "Amorphes Silizium (a-Si)." Physik in unserer Zeit 16, no. 2 (1985): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/piuz.19850160204.

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46

A., Chioibas. "Consideration on amorphic metals." Scientific Bulletin of Naval Academy XIX, no. 1 (July 15, 2018): 468–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21279/1454-864x-18-i1-071.

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Generally, following the rapid cooling of a molten metal, it reaches amorphous state, which is characterized by a disordered particle distribution. The structure of liquids is described by quasicrystalline theory. It considers that in a chemically and topographically restricted area, an amorphous metal is characterized by an ordered arrangement of the molten metal particles and is called a cluster (local order domain). Those alloys that have the high capacity to become amorphous, according to the positional criteria of the components in the periodic table of the elements, are analyzed.

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47

Mohd Said, Muzalifah, Zul Atfyi Fauzan, and Nur Fatihah Azmi. "NMOS Low Boron Activation in Pre-Amorphise Silicon." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 734–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.734.

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The high demand of smaller and compact size of MOSFETs has leads to desirable for ultra shallow junction formation with low sheet resistance and good electrical performances. These two characteristics are required to suppress short channel effects and to increase the efficiency of device. In this paper, Pre-amorphise implantation (PAI) PMOS with different doses of Boron and the basic PMOS structure are done by using ATHENA and the performance of devices is compared by using ATLAS software package from Silvaco TCAD. Comparison done in electrical characteristic, I-V curve Ion and Ioff has showed PMOS with PAI technology with low boron doses resulted in increasing electrical performance characteristic.

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48

Hwang, Jung Moon, Eu Jin Chung, Jeong Ae Park, Jae Heon Jeong, Che Ok Jeon, and Young Ryun Chung. "Amorphus suaedae sp. nov., isolated from the root of a tidal flat plant, Suaeda maritima." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_10 (October 1, 2013): 3868–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.048959-0.

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A novel bacterial strain, YC6899T, was isolated from the root of Suaedae maritima growing on a tidal flat of Namhae Island, Korea. Cells were Gram-reaction-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, slightly halophilic and heterotrophic. Strain YC6899T grew optimally at a salinity of 2–4 %, at 25–37 °C and at pH 6.5–8.0. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that strain YC6899T was closely related to Amorphus orientalis YIM D10T (96.1 % similarity) and Amorphus coralli RS.Sph.026T (95.9 %). The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, unknown aminolipids, an unknown aminophospholipid, an unknown aminoglycolipid, unknown glycolipids and unknown lipids. The major fatty acids of strain YC6899T were C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and C18 : 1ω7c. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 61.3 mol%. Strain YC6899T contained ubiquinone-10 (Q-10) as the major respiratory quinone system. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain YC6899T represents a novel species within the genus Amorphus , for which the name Amorphus suaedae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YC6899T ( = KACC 14912T = NBRC 107845T).

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49

Stevens-Kalceff, M. A., and J. Götze. "Cathodoluminescence Microanalysis of Amorphised Quartz." Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, S3 (August 2014): 910–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927614006278.

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50

Collins, C. B., F. Davanloo, D. R. Jander, T. J. Lee, H. Park, and J. H. You. "Microstructure of amorphic diamond films." Journal of Applied Physics 69, no. 11 (June 1991): 7862–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347519.

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