Дисертації з теми "Aménagement urbain et rural"
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Khalil, Mohamed Ali. "Liban-nord : l'aménagement d'un espace rural et urbain dans ses conditions humaines et administratives d'aujourd'hui." Rennes 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991REN20019.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis is composed of three parts: the first describes the characteristics of natural environment in north-Libanon and its repercussions on human and legal life; it also deals with the economic situation prevailing in this region. The second part deals with rural development, its constituents and the limits of intervention of the state in this development. The third part concerns and exposes the norms and criterious of urban development, and this by describing briefly the relation between the two spaces : urban and rural of the same region
Feng, Saier. "Urbanisation et aménagement des "villages urbains" en Chine, 2004-2020 : études de cas à Weifang." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0050.
Повний текст джерелаSince the advent of China's market economy in 1978, the intensification of economic growth has been coupled with increased urbanization, characterized by a significant migratory flow of the rural population to urban areas on a national scale. Governed by the household registration system, or hukou (户口), this division between rural and non-rural population, and the related land structure, engenders regulation and distinct allocations of resource between the two zones. Urban lands are owned by the State, while rural lands are collective properties of the villagers, two management methods that are applied throughout the country. In this context, the villages that have been absorbed into the urban administrative boundaries, whether they were on the periphery or not of the existing cities, are designated under the term “urban village”. They constitute the core of this study. Our research focuses on the evolution of “urban villages” in Weifang, a city emblematic of Shandong peninsula, particularly known for its famous annual kite festival. By relying on a field study conducted between 2017 and 2020, the thesis describes the management dynamics and associated policies based on three specific case studies. It mobilizes to conduct interviews with officials, public institutions, “villagers” (inhabitants possessing a rural hukou and local), city dwellers, members of the “villagers” committee, direct observations, photographs, and a variety of primary documentation (laws, decrees, urban planning documents).Structured in three sections, this thesis comprises eight chapters.The first chapter sets the socio-institutional context that catalyzed the emergence, expansion, and eventual integration of “urban villages” into broader city frameworks. Chapter 2 embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the definition of “urban villages”, tracing its temporal evolution through analyses by both Chinese and Western researchers. Chapter 3 elucidates the dual nature of the hukou system, and the land tenure issues, paying attention to the transitions (from rural to non-rural) and shifts in land rights of residents throughout the urbanization phases of “urban villages”.The second section zooms into the specific case of my hometown, Weifang, which contained 298 “urban villages” in 2019, among which I chose my case studies. Chapter 4 profiles Weifang, detailing its geographical, economic, sociological characteristics, and urban trajectory, as well as examining the transformations in its “urban villages” since 2004. The three “urban villages” (Beigouxi, Nanhuzhuxi, and Donsanjia) are meticulously examined, with underlying motivations for their selection, their renovation trajectory, and resident testimonies discussed. Chapter 5 reviews the policies and governmental directives concerning “urban village” planning, particularly the decrees of 2004, 2006, and 2007.The third section focuses on various stakeholders engaged in the “urban village” development process. Chapter 6 assesses the roles of governmental agencies, real estate developers, and “villagers” committees. Chapter 7 captures the perspectives and sentiments of the “villagers”, urban residents, and migrants. The final chapter investigates the dynamics among these actors, identifies the challenges inherent to the urban planning process, and examines the strategies contemplated by local authorities to overcome these hurdles
Akre, Michel A. "Les modes d'organisation spatiale en Côte d'Ivoire face aux politiques d'aménagement en milieu rural et urbain de l'époque coloniale à nos jours." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX32029.
Повний текст джерелаFrom the early days of independance, the cote d'ivoire government, within the context of their national development policy, embarked upon a project to modernize rural and urban living conditions, to eradicate slums over a period often years and to offer each member of the population the benefits of modernity. This decidedly westernized modernization project, badly thought out from the start, is in fact the proposed solution to the problem of rural exodus that was affecting principally the northern and central regions. Within this context, certain rural sectors of these regions have been able to benefit from free modern housing. However, unable to cope with the financial burden of this type of modernization policy, the state has pledged to help those villages wishing to modernize by building housing estates. As a result the rural populations strongly encouraged to modernize ended up completely altering their traditional way of life through this transformation provoked by imitation. State-run companies and institutions and international organizations implicated in the rural spacial organization merely contented themselves with transposing an urban environment unadapted to rural lifestyles, making no allowance for the problem of cultural diversity. The plans provided by the ministry of construction and urbanization (mcu) constitute the factors responsible for the standardization of rural housing. Transferred to a rural environment, the practice of dividing up and enclosing plots of land (closed concession) destroys the cohesive structure of the village. The concept of urban social housing as perceived, conceived and applied in cote d'ivoire reflects a reality that is radically different from the day to day experiences of the underpriveleged sections of the populations and their aspirations. The property companies and private developers responsible for implementing the mass housing policy practise a selective policy of access to home-ownership which is beyond the means of the social stratum concerned. In spite of the prestigious design presented in the urban development policy, the inclusion of communal compounds in a housing development scheme remains the only possible means with which to improve the standard of living of the less affluent sections of the population. An uncontrolled explosion of urbanization gives rise to urban development characterized by ille
Zerouali, Allal. "Couloir de Taza : croissance urbaine et évolution du milieu rural." Bordeaux 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR30020.
Повний текст джерелаHanafi, Hamid. "Aménagement hydro-agricole et processus d'urbanisation dans la Basse-Moulouya (Maroc-oriental)." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010621.
Повний текст джерелаMilon, Jean. "Un outil de gestion du territoire, OEÏKOS : conceptualisation d’un instrument d’analyse et de gestion des espaces urbains et ruraux concourant au développement synergique de l’ensemble des niveaux de planification de l’aménagement du territoire." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010017.
Повний текст джерелаAs we approach the year 2000, cities are becoming an ever growing economic stake. The city, as a social meeting place, has become an economic product which is, at the same time, strategic and cultural. The city planners are confronted with barriers constituted by government rules and laws. That is why, those concerned seem to lack the strategic material necessary to achieve their goal. Decentralization and the failure of our urban development plans have revived discussions. On how to use space. In this context, we must redefine the means of structuring urban and rural space, beginning with the district and ending with the whole region. In order to fill in this void, it has become absolutely necessary to conceive and create a means of economic an physical analysis which covers the ecological problems, linked with the management of urban an country space, and this in accordance with the supply and demand of land. That is why, to meet the requirements of an urban economy, we must requalify our urban concepts and abandon "zoning", we must also elaborate a network of urban and rural porperty and then, integrate physical and economic references which identify each bit of land and last but not least, take into account a threedimensional aspect of our space. This concept will make it necessary to rewrite some of the principles regarding the size of our cities, centered around an efficient and active life between the different communities, these again are based on variable indicators that release available space to be used by and assigned to neighbouring bits of land. All the elements that make up this system will be called OEÏKOS
Carneiro, Ferreira Francisco Antônio. "Les réserves de biosphère : une réponse pour concilier développement urbain et conservation de la biodiversité ? : Expériences comparées d’urbanisation et de protection dans trois réserves de biosphères (Brésil, France Chine)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030019.
Повний текст джерелаUrban development is an important driver of environmental change on a global scale, which has exerted enormous pressure on ecosystems thanks to rapidly changing population densities and displacement, particularly migration from rural to urban areas. In this context, in which conservation and development objectives have historically been antagonistic, nature reserves have emerged as the main global strategy for biodiversity conservation. In order to verify the limits and possibilities of reconciling environmental protection and urban development, this study used the perspective of socio-environmental assessment studies, focusing on the issue of relations between society and the environment in urbanization processes around biosphere reserves. In this sense, it identifies different points of intersection between the theme of urban planning experiences and the notion of sustainable development. In the comparative analysis of three biosphere reserve cases - Mata Atlântica (Brazil), Yancheng (China) and Camargue (France) - we examine the experience of occupying of the transition zones of these biosphere reserves, located in coastal areas. The case studies offer additional information to reinforce the hypothesis that the urban development process in transition zones of the reserves has involved the reinforcement of predatory social and ecological strategies of urban and peri-urban occupation. The socio-economic and socio-cultural fragmentation of nature and local communities has contributed to the intensification of environmental pollution indices and the reduction of biological productivity in coastal regions. Finally, the work recognized the importance of strengthening an integrated and participatory planning system capable of correcting and preventing the deterioration of the natural and built environment caused by urban and peri-urban ocupation. it is considered essential to open up interdisciplinary research efforts to explore alternative policies for the sector, such as ecotourism
O desenvolvimento urbano é um importante motor da mudança ambiental em escala global, que tem exercido uma enorme pressão sobre os ecossistemas, graças à rápida mudança das densidades populacionais e deslocamentos, particularmente a migração das áreas rurais para as áreas urbanas. Neste contexto, em que os objetivos de conservação e de desenvolvimento tem sido historicamente antagônicos, as reservas naturais apresentam-se como a principal estratégia global de conservação da biodiversidade. A fim de verificar os limites e possibilidades de conciliar a proteção ambiental e o desenvolvimento urbano, neste estudo utilizou-se a perspectiva dos estudos de avaliação socioambiental, centrando-se na questão das relações entre a sociedade e o ambiente nos processos de urbanização em torno das reservas da biosfera. Nesse sentido, identifica diferentes pontos de intersecção entre o tema da planejamento urbano e a noção de desenvolvimento sustentável. Na análise comparativa dos três casos de Reservas da Biosfera - Mata Atlântica (Brasil), Yancheng (China) e Camargue (França) - examina a experiência de ocupação das áreas de transição dessas reservas biosfera, situadas em regiões costeiras. Os estudos de caso fornecem informações adicionais que reforçam a hipótese de que o processo de desenvolvimento urbano em zonas de transição das reservas envolvem o fortalecimento de estratégias sociais e ecológicas predatórias de ocupação urbana e periurbana. A fragmentação sócio-econômica e sociocultural da natureza e das comunidades locais tem contribuído à intensificação dos índices de poluição ambiental e a diminuição da produtividade em regiões costeiras. Finalmente, o trabalho reconheceu a importância de fortalecer um sistema de planejamento integrado e participativo que possa corrigir e prevenir o agravamento dos verdadeiros focos de deterioração do ambiente natural e construído induzido pela ocupação urbana e peri-urbana. Considera-se imprescindível a abertura do esforço de pesquisa interdisciplinar, para a exploração de políticas alternativas para o setor, como o ecoturismo. Palavras-chave: Urbanização, desenvolvimento urbano-turístico, ocupação periurbana, desenvolvimento sustentável, reservas da biosfera, ecoturismo
Vergnaud, Guillaume. "A la recherche de la maille territoriale intermédiaire : approche comparée des recompositions et de l'aménagement des territoires en Rhône-Alpes (France) et en Catalogne (Espagne)." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ENSL0668.
Повний текст джерелаFor more than twenty years, France and Spain have undergone various processes of territorial reshaping, among which the creation of new intermediate authorities at the local scale (inter-city structures, Pays in France, comarcas in Spain). Halfway between commune/municipio and département/provincia, these government units are intended to favor the reform of the territorial organization as well as the design of better integrated and more horizontal territorial management policies. Based on the case studies of pioneer regions Rhône-Alpes and Catalunya, among the first to develop these new local spaces, this work questions the level of intermediateness that characterizes these local units under construction. It shows that the failure of their potential intermediate functions is due to their intermediate nature which itself makes them very fragile. They are subject to both internal and external neutralization and struggle to assert their legitimacy vis à vis existing government levels and other new local territories. The dramatic increase of the latter shows that it is the way the intermediate local units under study are built rather than their mere intermediate scale that explains their failure. Based on a large corpus of legislative material, on field studies (Pays Roannais, comarques of Bages and Osona) and on a multi-level cross-analysis in both space and time, this work aims to systematise the geographical approach of local government systems, a methodology particularly relevant in the perspective of converging local policies at the European level
Tarabah, Amir. "Crises, émigration et développement spontané au Liban : l'aménagement du site de Qaraoun dans la Beqaa." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010544.
Повний текст джерелаThe development problems in Lebanon date from an epoch preceding the civil war. The social and economical structures, based on the absolute liberalism, have created regional inequalities. The rural depopulation induced dislocation of peripheral regions as for the way of life and production systems. Nevertheless, the phenomenon of emigration has contributed to improve residents standard of living and generated a spontaneous development process, and a new social configuration which depends exclusively on individual initiative. After war, in the search of peace in Lebanon, planning should not ignore the relationship between crises and emigration; and on the other hand, between emigration consequences and spontaneous development. So, economical politic should consier the fact that conjunctural aspects have become structural ones. It is a question of a new reality, on which we should build all our theories about Lebanon construction
Danfakha, Sira. "Infrastructures de transport et dynamiques spatiales. Le rôle des aéroports dans le développement économique et l’aménagement des territoires environnants : le cas de Dakar." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040185.
Повний текст джерелаThis doctoral thesis aims to analyze the relationships that link the airport infrastructure to its environment. It is based on the example of Dakar and Diass airports in Senegal. The work refers to two levels. First, a study of the Dakar-Yoff airport zone, which shows how the infrastructure contributed to the emergence of the international metropolis. The municipalities bordering the airport (Yoff, Ouakam and Ngor), located in the district of Almadies, have seen their territory evolve physically and economically since its installation in the northwestern suburbs of Dakar. The analysis of geographical maps, from the 1940s to the present day, testifies to a real spatial dynamic in this part of the Dakar region. Based on the characteristics of the airport and the economic and urban dynamics that accompanied its evolution, the analysis will reveal that the lack of mastery of urbanization in its surroundings and the disregard of regulations will lead to multiple problems and consequently to the decision of the state of Senegal to transfer the equipment to a new site, about forty kilometers from Dakar. The construction of the new platform and the various projects associated with it place the new host municipalities, Diass and Keur Moussa, located in rural areas, at the center of the country's political and economic challenges and affect their future development. The emergence of the airport as an actor of economic and territorial development, especially for the surrounding territories, shows the links that can exist between the airport infrastructure and its environment. These links translate into several visible aspects that are discussed in this contribution
Ammi, Houssameddine. "Villes et développement économique en Algérie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUL2004.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this thesis is the study of the evolution of cities and the economic development in Algeria, by making a first study on the cities of the Maghreb countries, which present a similarity in their evolution and know an accelerated process of their urbanization due to the phenomenon of rural exodus. This work consists of three chapters.The first chapter proposes to study the development of urban hierarchies and determine the nature of urban growth for the three countries of this region of the world, which has undergone significant demographic, political, economic and social changes since the second half of the 20th century. This work is based on a database of urban populations in the Maghreb countries of more than 5000 inhabitants for all the censuses carried out since the 1960s. We will then analyze the results found with the help of econometric tools and models often used by researchers in the field of urbanization.Algeria, which is our case study in the second chapter, presents at independence in 1962, a dependent economy, disarticulated and oriented around the interest of the colonial minority and capitalization metropolitan, its poor and almost illiterate population lives on the northern strip of the country. Post independence industrial projects launched by successive governments have had no convincing results. Indeed, more than half a century later, Algeria is still highly dependent on hydrocarbon rent and its economy has not been diversified.The city of Algiers, object of our third chapter, was born in the 10th century and becomes the capital of the Regency between the 16th and 19th century. During the colonial period 1830-1962, the city developed, westernized, it becomes the colonial capital out of the hype and at independence, from the departure of the Europeans, a rush on the vacant property is observed; the exodus started during the war accelerates. The new state does not have an urban policy; it renews the colonial legislation and then opts in 1974 for a socialist and liberal type of legislation from 1990. The attempts to control the urbanization by institutions, studies, and divisions did not give the convincing results, the city evolved spontaneously
Kouame, Appessika. "Clientélisme, aménagement urbain et décentralisation en Côte d'Ivoire." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21477.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPoda, Mélaine Bertrand. "Aménagement urbain durable, vodoun et lieux de mémoire." Pau, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PAUU1005.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this thesis is to examine the links between the tangible and intangible heritage for their integration into urban planning and sustainable management of territories. It therefore proposes a clarification of the concept which allows to show its extensibility. The concept of heritage has undergone several changes, to such an extend that it has become today "nomad" as written by Françoise Choay precisely in her work entitled "The Allegory of Heritage". At the time of sustainable development, man or modern subject, who maintains an intrinsic connection to his place of life, should be the main actor in heritage selection and all its varied forms. The case of Voodoo religion in Benin practised by over 75% of the population, and which has also largely allowed the structuring of memorial sites related to trafficking and slavery is very illustrative for our study. Starting with field observations and survey results, statistically analyzed by univariate, bivariate and multivariate methods (AFCs), we identified in current planning, the traces of these places of memory, we profiled the inhabitants depending on this places and we analyzed their position in relation to present heritage elements. The results obtained allow a better understanding of heritage in terms of research in the Human and Social sciences as well as better integration of these projects in urban plannings and sustainable urban development today
Kadiri, Kaouakib Khadija. "Environnement et aménagement urbain : Problématique d'une approche marocaine." Nice, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NICE0041.
Повний текст джерелаParis, Romain. "Aménagement urbain, effets externes et prix du sol." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082085.
Повний текст джерелаChmourk, El Mahjoub. "L' organisation de l'espace et le développement local dans la province de Guelmim, porte du Sahara marocain." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30044.
Повний текст джерелаGuelmim’s province is characterized by a strong aridity. That makes it a distinctive area from the rest of the north Morocco area through its oasis landscapes and its very thin hydrographic network. Formerly this area was very productive and famous thanks to the nomads “hommes en bleu” but also because of its geographical position, a commercial path leading to Western Soudan. Meanwhile agriculture was decaying because of the lack of water, dryness, fields’ sickness and emigration. The province is on to radical mutations. The amazing growing of Guelmim’s town thanks to its new role as the province capital led to an unequal development between the urban centre and the rural centers. The demographic trend involved a policy of water diversion to satisfy the needs of the constant growth population while it was destined to irrigation. To reduce the delayed development, we are witnessing increasing actions from local associations and from the government. Restructuring are necessary to improve the living conditions of the rural population and to limit the consequences of uneven development in the province
Beka, Beka Annie. "Croissance et aménagement urbain à Libreville (Gabon) : l’impasse foncière." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100051.
Повний текст джерелаThe most striking of these last forty years is the major transformation of Libreville, because of a very rapid urban growth. It is characterized by a high concentration of population and a dramatic expansion space mainly because to migratory movements. However, the constant arrival massive and uncontrolled populations in the city led to the proliferation of sub-integrated neighbourhoods, densely built and unhealthy. Indeed, when new immigrants arrive, their main concern is to find a roof. They have not at their disposal plots; colonize the empty spaces, inconstructibles, mostly beside the parent or the friend, first arrived in Libreville. This illegal occupation of spaces leads inevitably impact on the distribution plan landscape, and hence of urban development and especially the precarious land it caused. The public no longer able to offer land because of economic crisis, legitimate illegality by regulating land that originally were acquired unlawfully. Libreville has grown without any pattern of urban development. The existing land regulations do not guarantee access to the land for the greatest number. The procedures are lengthy and complex, which is likely to discourage those who want to venture. How to facilitate access to property to the greatest number, while respecting the harmonious development of the city? We have proposed revision procedures, adapting to the mores and customs of the people
Prost, Dominique. "L'espace péri-urbain à l'est de Bordeaux : mutations et aménagement." Bordeaux 3, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR30049.
Повний текст джерелаHuynh, Thi Bao Chau. "Patrimoine architectural, urbain, aménagement et tourisme : ville Hôi An - Viêt Nam." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00717654.
Повний текст джерелаMouafo, Dieudonné. "Douala et Québec, deux espaces industriels comparés, géopolitique, pratiques spatiales et aménagement urbain." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq26081.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDaou, Mehdi. "Le Tadla : aménagement hydro-agricole et processus d'urbanisation." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010631.
Повний текст джерелаGardère, Jean-Philippe. "Démocratie participative et communication de proximité en aménagement urbain : le projet urbain : un outil de reconquête de la démocratie." Bordeaux 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR30078.
Повний текст джерелаThe planning of the city does not result only from technical elements. Town planning above all deals with the way of living and moving of a population resident or moving on a territory. For this reason, the urban development is subject to many complementary and contradictory constraints. The action is between the will of some to populate a territory or to extend it and that of others to guarantee a quality of life. The participative democracy and the local communication make it possible to reveal the constraints of each actor in order to find compromises. This task is complex because the population is composed of different entities whose objectives are not necessarily convergent. This thesis analyze the modes of communication, interaction and conciliation of these various groups to lead to a joint project. We will start by studying the democratic man and the public space. Then, we will study the interaction of these two elements and the way of controlling it. The last chapter will analyse communication wich will be able to generate profitable and democratic discussions around an urban project. We will examine how the participative democracy is currently applied in the facts. We will be able to examine its successes and its failures
Chiappero, Dany. "Patrimoine ligérien et développement urbain : définition et nouvelles pratiques d'aménagement." Tours, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOUR1801.
Повний текст джерелаHoussemand, Jean. "Conceptualisation et évaluation d'une typologie de lotissement vertical pour un aménagement urbain durable." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCH001.
Повний текст джерелаThe current urban development process is the result of a paradoxical situation. On the one end, families prefer individual housing, which finds the favourable conditions to its spreading in the more or less distant from towns outskirts, while wishing to benefit from services (proximity to amenities, public transport offers, etc…) which are rather the corelate of dense urban centralization. On the other hand, in order to fight against environmental, social and economic costs of urban sprawl, and also aim towards a more sustainable city, the urban renovation and compact city projects lead to some density levels that only collective housing enables to reach. So, the equation - control of the urban sprawl, satisfaction of the house request and sustainable city - seems to be unsolvable, especially due to the lack of a housing offer being able to combine the particularities of the detached house and the needs of urban density. Two relatively separate tandems “housing/territory and induced mobility” result from it : individual housing, which is dependent on cars, is mainly situated in peri-urban areas, whereas collective housing, which is not approved by most families, gather in the town centers with many alternatives to cars. In such a context, through the main concept of “vertical housing development”, this doctoral research work arises the hypothesis that the enlargement of the prism of the mobilities and urban areas analysis should enable the emergency of new solutions, which will include the housing and territories specifications in a multidisciplinary and multiscale way. In order to confirm this hypothesis, the methodology hinges on two steps. First, a review of the architectural literature allowed to define the “vertical housing concept” as an innovative answer to the equation which is insolvable nowadays : indeed, the history of architecture informs us profusely on the opportunities of a vertical urbanism unexploited until now ; this enables the creation of hanging artificial grounds to build in floors detached houses. In second place, the state of the art allowed to identify the main determinants of housing attractiveness while confronting the two classical tandems to the concept of “vertical housing development” and suggests a theoretical model adaptable to different cases. The model has been evaluated three times. Firstly, the information gathered during a photo-elicitation inquiry allow to validate the architectural choices a posteriori and make sure of their suitability in terms of residential preferences. Secondly, a legal evaluation shows that a development of the current regulatory measures is indeed partially necessary to the operational development of the model, but the latter can nevertheless quickly fulfill the demand while fighting against urban sprawl. Thirdly, a geographical evaluation which compares the deployment of the model with the reality of available grounds and the localization of amenities and transport infrastructure, shows that it would concretely allow to densify the town and its outskirts according to a logic close to the Transit Oriented Development. Three major results arise from this evaluation. Indeed, the concept seems (i) to match with the residential choices from a significant part of the French families, (ii) to be immediately authorized and managed by the current legal and regulatory framework, (iii) to benefit from a consequent potential of development at the level of the Strasbourg-Eurometropolis. Moreover, at a time when multidisciplinary and multiscale approaches are questioned, this thesis work, which links an architectural approach at the housing level and a geographical approach at the city level, gives a specific example of new types of housing formalization, based on the original principle of a decoupling between “housing types” and “territories”
Gagné, Guillaume. "De l'autoroute Dufferin-Montmorency au boulevard urbain Du Vallon : quels changements?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23790/23790.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаFlamant-Hulin, Marion. "Pollution intérieure et santé respiratoire : données issues des milieux urbain et rural." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066721.
Повний текст джерелаMboukou, Mboungou Dieudonné. "Système des transports et équilibre du développement urbain et rural au Congo." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX24011.
Повний текст джерелаCongo's economy suffers various weakness, some of which perpetuate themselves or are increased by the influence of a relatively ancient history. Development of the transportation system during colonial times resulted in a simple structure shaped like a reversed l. This infrastructure has encouraged a natural split which has divided the congolese territory in two large areas. Today, this two areas pattern is strengthenes in most of the features of the country's economical, political and social geography
Munyangaju, Vincent. "Systèmes agro-pastoraux et aménagement de l'espace rural au Rwanda." Reims, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REIMA001.
Повний текст джерелаRwanda, an agricultural and pastoral country with high rural density, is, more and more, faced with real spatial and environmental problems because of his rapid demographic growth. After a detailed study of agricultural and pastoral systems and existing rural planning policies, this thesis proposes a multi-scale integrated planning policy of his space, population, economy and environment
Munyangaju, Vincent. "Systèmes agro-pastoraux et aménagement de l'espace rural au Rwanda." Reims, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REIML002.
Повний текст джерелаRwanda, an agricultural and pastoral country with high rural density, is, more and more, faced with real spatial and environmental problems because of his rapid demographic growth. After a detailed study of agricultural and pastoral systems and existing rural planning policies, this thesis proposes a multi-scale integrated planning policy of his space, population, economy and environment
Martin, Julie. "Rivière-du-Loup et son espace au 19e siècle : du village linéaire à la ville industrielle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20986.
Повний текст джерелаMaurer, Pierre. "Architectures et aménagement urbain à Metz (1947-1970) : action municipale : la modernisation d’une ville." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0129.
Повний текст джерелаThis study focuses on the city of Metz between 1947 and 1970, during the tenure of Mayor Raymond Mondon (1914-1970). The issues of architectural production and urban planning are studied under the light of local council actions. From the fight against unsanitary housing and the end of the post-war housing crisis to the urban renewal of the 1960s, to the creation of large multi-family housing projects, the process of modernisation of the city is put into question. In addition to the architectural projects, it also explores the evolution of the territorial limits of this military commune annexed twice in less than a century, relying mainly on the counting and analysis of local archives. Construction professionals, politicians, administrative agents or local residents, various stakeholders are invited in this study to highlight the processes by which the city is built and transformed during years marked by strong growth
Serre, Agnès. "Aménagement urbain et organisations populaires : le cas des quartiers de Belém do Para (Brésil)." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0013.
Повний текст джерелаFortin, Marie-José. "Le paysage comme lieu d'expression de l'identité rurale : le cas de la communauté de Petit-Saguenay." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ40548.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаTchetche, Georges Dimy. "Processus d'étude psychopathologique en milieu rural et urbain en Côte d'Ivoire." Grenoble 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE29024.
Повний текст джерелаTchetche, Georges Dimy. "Processus d'étude psychopathologique en milieu rural et urbain en Côte d'Ivoire." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37601460k.
Повний текст джерелаAdwan, Al Neimi fSaïd. "Le développement de la ville d'Hassakeh : insertion régionale et aménagement urbain en Haute-Djezireh syrienne." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010642.
Повний текст джерелаIn spite of its remote situation in the north-east of the country, Syrian Djazirah has experiences rapid socio-economic development since 1950. This development has accelerated since 1970. During this period, signs of recent urbanization have appeared with the spatial expansion beyond their borders of all ancient little towns in the district. Some of these towns have reached a medium size and at the same time, other little towns have taken shape in the rural surroundings diminishing their dependency. The distinctive consequences of this urban expansion are shown in the town of hassakeh, which has become the regional capital and progressively taken the place of Kamichlie with its influence on the villages of the district. This integration of the town in the regional space has been accompanied by a policy of urban planning imposed to solve the problems of urbanization by new town planning. This policy has modified the urban structure and the morphology of the old habitat. In these conditions the recent socio-economic change in the district has modified the relationship between the town hassakeh and the country around just as the modernization in the commercial centre has modified its image and function
Millot, Marine. "Développement urbain et insécurité routière : L'influence complexe des formes urbaines." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2003. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000683.
Повний текст джерелаSamaté, Elhadji Fodé. "Les espaces universitaires : un levier pour l’aménagement urbain et territorial ?" Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0021.
Повний текст джерелаThe dynamics of knowledge creation and development are set up and linked to the development of local production systems. Most of them can be seen through the territorial development of the scientific and technical potentials developed by the local systems of training or higher education and research. In these construction strategies, the construction and organization of local innovation systems is carried out through the trajectories and specializations built by the territories. And the scientific and technical potentials are considered as the capital means to develop specific resources with recognized capacities to attract and polarize companies and investments at the territorial level. Here we are working and endeavouring to question the constructions put in place for the development of a process that is both learning and innovative. We are also concerned with the understanding and qualification of strategies and spaces that are defined and constituted by the development of technical knowledge nodes and the development of innovative technological projects. This, at the interface of incubating conurbations and metropolises, develops knowledge from dedicated spaces, and qualifies the initiatives concerned by university spaces. Indeed, the scientific density of an area, combined with a local dynamic of creation and establishment of companies, gives impetus to strategies around the development of knowledge to innovate sectors and to propel the professions of the future. This process is considered to be learning and cognitive, with interactive dynamics and strong organisational changes in the spaces, and relational changes in the actors. At the level of cities and conurbations, a renewal of technopolitan dynamics is thus taking place. These are changing, from university spaces to organizational ecosystems in companies that are conducive to the development of new knowledge and technological solutions. The spaces and organizations that have been designed or set up involve universities through their role in structuring and articulating constructed dynamics. The university training and research centres intersect with other centres for the creation and development of knowledge, actions on the development of spaces dedicated to scientific and technical creativity, otherwise to technological innovation. We question the urban and territorial dynamics engaged through the establishment and development of local knowledge economies
Leloutre, Gery. "La transformation moderne de Bruxelles: Processus d’agencement de l’espace urbain bruxellois entre 1949 et 1979." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/311995.
Повний текст джерелаDoctorat en Art de bâtir et urbanisme (Architecture)
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Benkhelil, Hassan. "Conception et réalisation d'un micro-simulateur de pluie pour les milieux rural et urbain." Artois, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ARTO0208.
Повний текст джерелаThe study of the phenomena of hydrous erosion, streaming and infiltration of the ground is essential for the comprehension of many environnemental problems. These phenomena can beat the origine of the fall of productivity of the grounds of water pollution of surface and underground of floods of the residential areas and setting in danger of the infrastructure researching aiming to bether apprehending them is largely simplified when the experimenter has the control of the factor rain
Kolb, Virginia. "Analyse géographique des inégalités environnementales et écologiques en milieu littoral urbain." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LAROS025/document.
Повний текст джерелаSustainable development is a major issue in planning policies. Reducing inequalities affecting inhabitants in their connection to a healthy environment is an important element to take into account in sustainable planning. Indeed, such inequalities may undermine the sustainability of territories. The aim of this research is to identify and characterize environmental and ecological inequalities in the context of urban coastal areas through a systemic analysis of the relations between population and their territory. A quantitative and qualitative approach was conducted on midsize French urban communities at different levels (national, coastal, municipal and infra-municipal). This work allowed to discuss the concept of environmental and ecological inequalities, to establish criteria and indicators to measure and analyze how environmental and ecological inequalities are perceived and addressed by local actors (inhabitants and local representatives). The coast can be seen as a vector of environmental and ecological inequalities, with heterogeneities depending on what territories are considered. Indicators of territorial quality developed at the infra-municipal level allowed to objectify and understand the interrelation between environmental and ecological inequalities. The analysis of interviews conducted on working population helped understanding how those inequalities are perceived and how local solutions in urban planning may be elaborated. Finally, semi-structured interviews with local representatives have introduced a political vision of the territory and of its future structural changes in the context of the establishment of a Local Intermunicipal Urbanism Plan
Dubost, Daniel. "Ecologie, aménagement et développement agricole des oasis algériennes." Tours, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOUR4502.
Повний текст джерелаCharafeddine, Mahmoud. "L'aménagement ruro-urbain à Jabal-Amel : contraintes et particularités : modalités de transformation de l'espace habité." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010550.
Повний текст джерелаHenry, Adeline. "Projet urbain et Jeux Olympiques: le cas d'Athènes 2004." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00924169.
Повний текст джерелаRothberg, Ariella. "Rôle et fonction du hammam en milieu urbain et rural marocain : l'exemple des Oulad Mta'." Paris, EHESS, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988EHES0003.
Повний текст джерелаRothberg, Ariella. "Rôle et fonction du hammam en milieu urbain et rural marocain l'exemple des Oulad Mta' /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376182827.
Повний текст джерелаFabre, Caroline. "Géographie du commerce et aménagement urbain dans les Alpes-Maritimes : acteurs et stratégies pour le schéma de développement commercial." Thesis, Paris Est, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PEST3024.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this research was to analyze the taking into account of the commercial equipment in the urban development of the particular territory of the Alpes-Maritimes through the elaboration of a departmental document of planning which, imposed at the national level, puts in play local strategies. For a long time, trade remained marginal in urban policies, leaving it under the sole influence of the economic market. However, it is one of the founding elements of the city. French trade urban planning, appearing with Law ROYER of December 27, 1973, posed a national framework in regard to authorization of commercial establishment and planning in response to a national issue of divergence between “small” businesses of downtown areas and “large” businesses of peripheries. In a national context of devolution for the benefit of the local authorities and of urban planning put back on the agenda with law SRU, the Decree n°2002-1369 of November 20, 2002 and the Circular of February 3, 2003 established the methods of development of the trade development plan (SDC) envisaged by Law ROYER. With the publication of these texts of application, the State obliged all the ODEC of France to carry out such a document on a departmental scale. Thus, the Alpes-Maritimes were brought to reflect on this particular urban function hitherto untreated on this scale. A department bordering the Mediterranean and located in the south-west of Europe and the extreme south-east of France, it is next to Ligurie, the bordering Italian province. With more than one million inhabitants, the Alpes-Maritimes surrounds the Principality of Monaco and includes the urban space of Nice of which the influence of its services extends well beyond its perimeter. The natural elements dictated and guided its human establishment which forms a conurbation bordering the Mediterranean. Its specific socio-demographic characteristics and its internationally recognized tourist attraction affect the local commercial equipment. Its mission of development was thus entrusted to the very new structure of coherence of the time as regards regional planning, the Agency of town planning. Helped very narrowly by the CCINCA on the technical aspects, it impelled a partnership dynamics and of dialogue without precedent at the time of the step of elaboration of the document. How this document of planning dedicated to the trade was carried out ? How did it approach the presentation of the commercial reinforcement ? Which positionings had the various actors? Which impact had then on the department ? Lastly, how can it fall under the recent evolution of the national legislative framework ? This analysis is carried out from an original point of view twinning the assets of the application of geographical competences within the professional life and of university geographical research. Different the point-keys from the diagnosis are approached and supplemented in particular by a qualitative approach of space. Thus, the SDC made it possible to highlight the various strategies of commercial development which take shape within the department as well as the positioning of the various implied organizations. Three main consensual trends that are “the trade like economic and tourist development tool”, “a coherent commercial installation on the territory” and “a necessary installation of tools of coherence, follow-up and anticipation” finally emerged. After examination of the diagram draft by the ODEC on July 11, 2005, the Decision n°2005-517 of September 23 of the same year adopted the document over the period 2005-2011. This research thus contributes to the knowledge of an original territory that are the Alpes-Maritimes through a legislative framework imposed at the national level. It takes part by the means of the trade in the definition of individualities and their weight in the regional planning. The integration of commercial trade urban planning in the commun urban planning is moving with the adoption of the Law of Modernization of Economy (LME), raises many questions and opens new prospects for scientific research. It materializes by the insertion of the commercial theme in the SCOT and the PLU. On the other hand, the LME does not make mention with a departmental SDC and repealed the paragraph of the Commercial law which integrates it in the missions of the ODEC. Taking into consideration these legal evolution, it is extremely probable that the SDC will not be reactualized. With the appearance of the SDC, commercial planning in geography was followed and analyzed in a fine way by A. METTON since these last tens of years. Other geographers also invested themselves on these questions. Present research relating to the application of a national legislation at the particular case of the territory of the Alpes-Maritimes thus fits quite naturally in this current of study
Casanova, Oliva Carlos Alberto. "La propriété du logement urbain à Cuba : conflits et acteurs de 1989 jusqu'en 2005." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030041.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis proposes the analysis of the actual urban housing situation in Cuba from a political standpoint. The study focuses on the evolution of ownership and the occupied property regime since the initial social housing control measures and the application of the Urban Reform of 1960 up to the recent 2005 housing control measures. Long before the 1959 revolution, the Cuban population encountered difficulties caused by the precarious nature and lack of available housing. The social housing program applied by the revolutionary government, even though providing assistance for the poorest classes, removed the liberty of private ownership of buildings by converting it into “personal property”. Well-indicated for each period, these changes provoked a series of conflicts within all Cuban social classes. This thesis attempts to contribute to the elaboration of a reflection permitting the reconciliation of the different protagonists of a problem which could result in a larger inner-city social conflict
Saleilles, Séverine. "L' entrepreneur néo-rural et son réseau personnel : une étude exploratoire." Montpellier 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON10018.
Повний текст джерелаEven if urban people are more and more encouraged by the authorities in setting up their companies in a rural environment, a very few researches have been targeted on in-migrant entrepreneurship in rural areas. There is still a lack of adequate support infrastructure. However, this field can offer a new slant in networking literature. Indeed, this literature shows that founders’ networking activities are a key factor for a successful start-up. Moreover, in order to build personal networks, founders should activate their former social and/or professional networks. Those are primarily local. So this literature justifies the propensity of entrepreneurs in setting up business where they live. This research aims at understanding the networking practices of a particular type of entrepreneurs: the in-migrant entrepreneurs in rural areas. The exploratory and qualitative study in the “Mounts and Mountain of Ardèche” shows the diversity of entrepreneurial processes depending on the founder’s familiarity with functional context and on the dominant geographical context of the setup. However, a successful start-up (which includes economic performances but also personal satisfaction, perceptions of future and local integration) requires both local and non local networking practices. Those can be significantly different each other.
Labbaci, Ahmed. "Étude des pratiques d'aménagement urbain durable à travers une comparaison de trois études de cas québécois et identification de lignes directrices transférables au contexte algérien." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2653.
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