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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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1

Alvarado, M. A., M. V. Pelegrini, I. Pereyra, T. A. A. de Assumpção, L. R. P. Kassab, and M. I. Alayo. "Fabrication and characterization of aluminum nitride pedestal-type optical waveguide." Canadian Journal of Physics 92, no. 7/8 (July 2014): 951–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2013-0587.

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In this paper we present the fabrication and characterization of pedestal-type optical waveguides using aluminum nitride (AlN) as core layer. To the best knowledge of the authors, the utilization of AlN as core layer in pedestal-type waveguides has not been studied. The AlN thin films were obtained by radio frequency reactive magnetron sputtering from a pure aluminum target. The AlN refractive index was determined by ellipsometry. The optical waveguides were fabricated by the pedestal technique, which consists in etching the silicon oxide lower cladding layer before depositing the core layer. Thus, the waveguide geometrical definition is simplified because etching the AlN core is not necessary. AlN thin films of 0.6, 1, and 1.2 μm thick were deposited on thermally grown silicon dioxide using crystalline silicon (100) as substrate. The pedestal profile was defined using conventional photolithography, followed by plasma etching of the cladding layer. Optical propagation losses were measured for pedestal heights of 1 μm and widths from 1 to 100 μm.

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2

Volkov, S. S., V. M. Nerovnyy, and G. A. Bigus. "The Effect of the Material and the Geometric Shape of the Waveguides on the Process of Ultrasonic Welding of Plastics." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 10 (715) (October 2019): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2019-10-25-32.

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This article briefly describes basic elements of machines for ultrasonic welding of plastics and the main materials used for manufacturing elements of ultrasonic waveguide oscillatory systems. A relationship between the amplitude of fluctuations of the welded material and a ratio of wave resistance of the product material and the waveguide tool geometry is examined. It is shown that when welding plastic products of a large thickness, it is practical to use waveguides made from aluminum alloys with a working end face with a diameter of 15 mm. It is established that the closer the acoustic characteristics of the waveguide material and the plastic are, the fuller the transfer of ultrasonic energy is when transiting through the interface of the welded polymeric materials. To assess the distribution of amplitudes of fluctuations in the welded material it is more convenient to use a transmission ratio, which decreases with a decrease in the wave resistance. It is established that the sizes of the working end face of the waveguide are most often defined by the properties, dimensions and geometry of the welded product. The application of the developed recommendations to the choice of material and sizes of the working end face of the waveguide can increase technological reliability of the ultrasonic welding process and improve quality of products.

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3

Hasan, M. Arif, Lazaro Calderin, Trevor Lata, Pierre Lucas, Keith Runge, and Pierre A. Deymier. "Directional Elastic Pseudospin and Nonseparability of Directional and Spatial Degrees of Freedom in Parallel Arrays of Coupled Waveguides." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9 (May 4, 2020): 3202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10093202.

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We experimentally and numerically investigated elastic waves in parallel arrays of elastically coupled one-dimensional acoustic waveguides composed of aluminum rods coupled along their length with epoxy. The elastic waves in each waveguide take the form of superpositions of states in the space of direction of propagation. The direction of propagation degrees of freedom is analogous to the polarization of a quantum spin; hence, these elastic waves behave as pseudospins. The amplitude in the different rods of a coupled array of waveguides (i.e., the spatial mode of the waveguide array) refer to the spatial degrees of freedom. The elastic waves in a parallel array of coupled waveguides are subsequently represented as tensor products of the elastic pseudospin and spatial degrees of freedom. We demonstrate the existence of elastic waves that are nonseparable linear combinations of tensor products states of pseudospin/ spatial degrees of freedom. These elastic waves are analogous to the so-called Bell states of quantum mechanics. The amplitude coefficients of the nonseparable linear combination of states are complex due to the Lorentzian character of the elastic resonances associated with these waves. By tuning through the amplitudes, we are able to navigate both experimentally and numerically a portion of the Bell state Hilbert space.

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4

Marayev, Vyacheslav. "Verification of the mathematical model of the induction soldering technological process." Modern Innovations, Systems and Technologies 2, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.47813/2782-2818-2022-2-1-41-50.

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The paper has devoted to the research of the construction and verification of the mathematical model of the process of heating the elements of the thin-walled aluminum waveguide path in the development of the induction soldering technological procedure. The paper has reviewed the method of mathematical modeling of the induction soldering technological process. Comparative research of the induction soldering models of waveguide paths have carried out for their compliance with the real process in permissible limits. Experimental verification of the correctness of the selected mathematical model of the process of the induction soldering is performed. As a result of inventory and model experiments, it has established that the developed mathematical model of induction heating of the assembly elements of thin-wing aluminum waveguide paths of cosmic aircraft with a sufficiently high accuracy simulates this technological process.

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5

Новиков, И. И., И. А. Няпшаев, А. Г. Гладышев, В. В. Андрюшкин, А. В. Бабичев, Л. Я. Карачинский, Ю. М. Шерняков та ін. "Влияние состава волноводного слоя на излучательные параметры лазерных гетероструктур InGaAlAs/InP спектрального диапазона 1550 нм". Физика и техника полупроводников 56, № 9 (2022): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftp.2022.09.53418.9892.

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The influence of InGaAlAs waveguide layer composition on the photoluminescence and electroluminescence in the 1550-nm spectral range of heterostructures based on thin strained In0.74Ga0.26As quantum wells has been studied. An approach is proposed that allows based on the analysis of electroluminescence.to carry out a comparative analysis of the deferential gain in fabricated laser diodes. It is shown that decrease of the molar fraction of aluminum in waveguide InGaAlAs layers matched in lattice constant with indium phosphide leads to falling of integrated photoluminescence intensity, however, laser diodes with In0.53Ga0.31Al0.16As waveguide layers demonstrate a higher differential gain compared to laser diodes with In0.53Ga0.27Al0.20As waveguide.

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6

Elchiev, Javlon D., Muzaffar M. Djalalov, and Aleksandr A. Simonov. "The Use of Vacuum Deposition for Fabrication of Optical Amplifying Mediums and Fiber Optic Modules." Key Engineering Materials 500 (January 2012): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.500.90.

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There has shown new vacuum technique of making planar waveguides doped with rare earths, on the basis of simultaneous vacuum deposition of quartz and alloying components. This technology allows to create optical waveguiding layers and amplifying planar compositions on wafers of silicon or quartz, and allows the dose-doping quartz with rare-earth elements, as well as germanium oxide and aluminum oxide, to obtain the optimal composition of a planar waveguide. With the help of lithography formed planar guide mediums with amplifying and modulating properties. There have been researched the methods of production of laboratory models of optical amplifying mediums, using vacuum technology, for the manufacture of planar erbium-doped amplifiers.

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7

Tynchenko, Vadim, Sergei Kurashkin, Valeriya Tynchenko, Vladimir Bukhtoyarov, Vladislav Kukartsev, Roman Sergienko, Viktor Kukartsev, and Kirill Bashmur. "Mathematical Modeling of Induction Heating of Waveguide Path Assemblies during Induction Soldering." Metals 11, no. 5 (April 24, 2021): 697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11050697.

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The waveguides used in spacecraft antenna feeders are often assembled using external couplers or flanges subject to further welding or soldering. Making permanent joints by means of induction heating has proven to be the best solution in this context. However, several physical phenomena observed in the heating zone complicate any effort to control the process of making a permanent joint by induction heating; these phenomena include flux evaporation and changes in the emissivity of the material. These processes make it difficult to measure the temperature of the heating zone by means of contactless temperature sensors. Meanwhile, contact sensors are not an option due to the high requirements regarding surface quality. Besides, such sensors take a large amount of time and human involvement to install. Thus, it is a relevant undertaking to develop mathematical models for each waveguide assembly component as well as for the entire waveguide assembly. The proposed mathematical models have been tested by experiments in kind, which have shown a great degree of consistency between model-derived estimates and experimental data. The paper also shows how to use the proposed models to test and calibrate the process of making an aluminum-alloy rectangular tube flange waveguide by induction soldering. The Russian software, SimInTech, was used in this research as the modeling environment. The approach proposed herein can significantly lower the labor and material costs of calibrating and testing the process of the induction soldering of waveguides, whether the goal is to adjust the existing process or to implement a new configuration that uses different dimensions or materials.

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8

NovikovI.I., Nyapshaev I.A., Gladyshev A. G., Andryushkin V. V., Babichev A. V., Karachinsky L. Ya., Shernyakov Yu. M., et al. "The influence of the waveguide layer composition on the emission parameters of 1550 nm InGaAs/InP laser heterostructures." Semiconductors 56, no. 9 (2022): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/sc.2022.09.54140.9892.

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The influence of InGaAlAs waveguide composition on the photoluminescence and electroluminescence of 1550 nm spectral range heterostructures based on thin strained In0.74Ga0.26As quantum wells has been studied. An approach is proposed that allows based on the analysis of electroluminescence to carry out a comparative analysis of the deferential gain in fabricated laser diodes. It is shown that decrease of the molar fraction of aluminum in waveguide InGaAlAs layers matched in lattice constant with InP leads to falling of integrated photoluminescence intensity, however, laser diodes with In0.53Ga0.31Al0.16As waveguide layers demonstrate a higher differential gain compared to laser diodes with In0.53Ga0.27Al0.20As waveguide. Keywords: quantum well, molecular-beam epitaxy, photoluminescence, electroluminescence.

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9

Krajewski, A., W. Włosiński, T. Chmielewski, and P. Kołodziejczak. "Ultrasonic-vibration assisted arc-welding of aluminum alloys." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences 60, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 841–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10175-012-0098-2.

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Abstract The structure and hardness of the surface-welds and fusion-welds made on a 2017A aluminum alloy waveguide using the MIG and TIG methods with and without the participation of ultrasonic vibrations were examined. Cross-sections of the fusions and surface-welds thus obtained were observed in a microscope and the hardness distributions were determined. The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of the ultrasonic vibrations applied to the melted metal pool by a vibrating substrate which in our experiments was a waveguide. The interactions of the ultrasonic vibrations with the molten metal during its solidification and also with the heat-affected zone were examined at various phases of the vibration wave. The ultrasonic vibrations affected the structure of a weld. These changes are strongly depended on the wave phase.

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10

Lu, Shijia, Huangpu Han, Yuhao Wu, Linlin Chen, Yujie Ma, Meng Wang, Bingxi Xiang, Guangyue Chai, and Shuangchen Ruan. "Numerical analysis of a single-mode microring resonator on a YAG-on-insulator." Open Physics 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 932–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2021-0107.

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Abstract A numerical analysis of a compact microring resonator that was defined on a yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) thin film bonded on top of a SiO2 cladding layer and operated at the wavelengths of approximately 1.064 and 1.6 μm was performed. The single-mode conditions of YAG waveguides at different waveguide geometries and their propagation losses at different SiO2 cladding layer thicknesses were systematically analyzed. The key design parameters of the microring resonator, such as gap size and ring radius, were simulated based on the 2.5-dimensional variational finite-difference time-domain method. This study could be helpful in understanding the mechanism of microring resonators defined on YAG thin films and fabricating integrated microlaser sources on YAG-on-insulators.

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11

Zhang, Jie, Lin Lin, Min Chen, Hai Lin, and Xin Zhao. "Radiative Transition Properties of Tm³⁺ in Aluminum Germanate Glass for FWW Waveguide Amplifier." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 2352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.2352.

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Dominant 794nm wavelength upconversion emission, which originates from the Tm3+: 3H4®3H6 transition, has been recorded in Tm3+/Yb3+ codoped aluminum germanate glass under the 974nm wavelength laser excitation. Judd-Ofelt parameters W2 (6.52´10-20cm2), W4 (9.83´10-21cm2) and W6 (1.02´10-20cm2) indicate a higher inversion asymmetric and stronger covalent environment in the glass material. The spontaneous transition probability of 3H4®3H6 was derived to be 1121s-1, which is responsable for obtaining the powerful 794nm emission. K+-Na+ ion-exchanged multimode channel waveguide amplifiers have been fabricated based on the Tm3+/Yb3+ codoped aluminum germanate glass substrate. The relative gain coefficient of a 2.20cm channel waveguide was determined to be 1.58dB/cm at a signal wavelength of 810 nm under 457mW 980nm laser diode excitation.

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12

Volkova, Elena A., Daniil A. Naprasnikov, and Nikolay I. Leonyuk. "Thin Films and Glass–Ceramic Composites of Huntite Borates Family: A Brief Review." Crystals 10, no. 6 (June 6, 2020): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10060487.

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Rare-earth aluminum borates, RAl3(BO3)4 (where R = Y, Pr–Lu), are of great interest because of their attractive multifunctional properties, depending on their structure and composition. The combination of desirable physical and chemical characteristics makes them promising materials for lasers and nonlinear optics. Research focusing on RAl3(BO3)4 (RAB) compounds and their solids solutions has continued for more than five decades and has been reflected in numerous articles and several reviews. The last decade’s enhanced interest is being conducted towards epitaxial layers because of the availability of other possible applications, for instance, as scintillators, visible emitting phosphors or optical waveguides and waveguide lasers. On the other hand, the tendency of borate melts to form glasses makes them attractive for research of micro-crystallization processes in these systems and can be effortless towards finding relatively inexpensive optical glass–ceramic materials with similar composition as alternative components to laser systems. This article reviews the recent progress carried out hitherto on epitaxial layers and glass–ceramic composites of huntite-type rare-earth aluminum borates.

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13

Chen, Hong, Jingan Zhou, Dongying Li, Dongyu Chen, Abhinav K. Vinod, Houqiang Fu, Xuanqi Huang, et al. "Supercontinuum Generation in High Order Waveguide Mode with near-Visible Pumping Using Aluminum Nitride Waveguides." ACS Photonics 8, no. 5 (April 26, 2021): 1344–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.0c01785.

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14

Sistani, M., M. G. Bartmann, N. A. Güsken, R. F. Oulton, H. Keshmiri, M. S. Seifner, S. Barth, et al. "Nanoscale aluminum plasmonic waveguide with monolithically integrated germanium detector." Applied Physics Letters 115, no. 16 (October 14, 2019): 161107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5115342.

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15

Makela, Megan, Paul Gordon, Dandan Tu, Cyril Soliman, Gerard L. Coté, Kristen Maitland, and Pao Tai Lin. "Benzene Derivatives Analysis Using Aluminum Nitride Waveguide Raman Sensors." Analytical Chemistry 92, no. 13 (May 28, 2020): 8917–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00809.

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16

Bugrov, V. E., and A. S. Zubrilov. "Waveguide properties of gallium, aluminum, and indium nitride heterostructures." Semiconductors 31, no. 1 (January 1997): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1187052.

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17

Lu, Xiaohong, Chen Cong, Pengrong Hou, Kai Xv, and Steven Y. Liang. "Improved Cutting Force Modelling in Micro-Milling Aluminum Alloy LF 21 Considering Tool Wear." Applied Sciences 12, no. 11 (May 25, 2022): 5357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12115357.

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Aluminum alloy LF 21 has a strong ability to reflect electromagnetic waves. LF 21 waveguide slit array structure is widely used in waveguide radar antenna. The stiffness of the slit array structure is relatively weak. So, the structure is prone to deformation under the cutting force in the conventional milling process. Micro-milling technology can realize high-precision machining of mesoscale parts/structures and is a potential effective machining technology for the waveguide slit array structure. However, the diameter of the micro-milling cutter is small, and the feed per tooth is comparable to the arc radius of the cutting edge, so the micro-milling cutter is prone to wear. In addition, the effects of elastic recovery of material, the minimum cutting thickness and friction of cutting dead zone on micro-milling force cannot be ignored. A simulation model of micro-milling aluminum alloy LF 21 processes based on DEFORM 3D is built by combining the theory of cutting and the technology of process simulation. Prediction of tool wear is achieved. The quantitative relationship between the arc radius of the cutting edge and tool wear is clarified for the first time. The authors built an improved cutting force model in micro-milling LF 21 considering tool wear and cutter runout with the minimum cutting thickness as the boundary. The validity of the built micro-milling force model is verified by experiments.

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18

Hameed, Musab, Gaobiao Xiao, Lina Qiu, and Tayyab Hameed. "Quintuple-mode wideband bandpass filters with improved out-of-band rejection." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 12, no. 4 (October 14, 2019): 276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078719001338.

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AbstractThis paper presents design of quintuple-mode wideband bandpass filters, implemented with off-centered perturbed metallic cylinders in a rectangular waveguide cavity. Three perturbation cylinders are placed at the bottom of the rectangular waveguide cavity, along with a pair of perpendicularly fed coaxial lines; excite five quasi-transverse magnetic modes to realize the desired passband. The height of the waveguide cavity and the shape of the perturbation cylinders are exploited to shift the resonant modes far away from the passband and achieve a good out-of-band rejection and sharp skirt selectivity. The filter operates at the center frequency of 2.68 GHz with a wide fractional bandwidth of 43%. The proposed filter is fabricated with aluminum. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement with each other.

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19

SHARMA, SUDHIR KUMAR. "A NEW OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE FOR TELECOMMUNICATION APPLICATION." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 10, no. 04 (December 2001): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863501000784.

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Conducting polymer is a physical mixture of non-conducting polymer with electrically conducting material. Polyaniline is a class of conducting polymers that exists in four different forms depending on protonation and doping of the base. Starting with aniline, polyaniline is synthesized and doped with two different metals namely iron and aluminum separately. Using these films optical waveguides are fabricated. Their characteristics viz. Refractive index, propagation loss, number of modes etc., are studied using prism coupling technique. The results are discussed.

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20

Hameed, Musab, Gaobiao Xiao, Ali Najam, Lina Qiu, and Tayyab Hameed. "Quadruple-Mode Wideband Bandpass Filter with Improved Out-of-Band Rejection." Electronics 8, no. 3 (March 7, 2019): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8030300.

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This paper proposes a method for designing a quadruple-mode wideband bandpass filter using off-centered perturbed metallic cylinders in a rectangular waveguide cavity with compact size and improved out-of-band rejection. Two off-centered perturbation cylinders were placed at the bottom of the rectangular waveguide cavity along with a pair of perpendicularly-fed coaxial lines, which excited four quasi-transverse magnetic (TM) modes to realize the desired passband. The height of the waveguide cavity and the shape of the perturbation cylinders were exploited to achieve an all quasi-TM modes filter with good out-of-band rejection and sharp skirt selectivity. The proposed filter operates at 2.93 GHz center frequency with 38% wide fractional bandwidth (FBW). The proposed filter is fabricated using aluminum. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement with each other.

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21

Wang, Fei, Baojie Chen, Edwin Yue Bun Pun, and Hai Lin. "Alkaline aluminum phosphate glasses for thermal ion-exchanged optical waveguide." Optical Materials 42 (April 2015): 484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2015.02.007.

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22

Najahatul Huda Saris, Nur, Azura Hamzah, Sabrina Sabri, Sumiaty Ambran, Osamu Mikami, and Takaaki Ishigure. "Investigations on europium aluminum incorporated polymer composite optical waveguide amplifier." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1502 (March 2020): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1502/1/012014.

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23

Chen, B. J., L. F. Shen, E. Y. B. Pun, and H. Lin. "Nd^3+-doped ion-exchanged aluminum germanate glass channel waveguide." Optical Materials Express 5, no. 1 (December 11, 2014): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ome.5.000113.

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24

Lu, Yi, Peter Dekker, and Judith Dawes. "Liquid-Phase Epitaxial Growth and Characterization of Nd:YAl3(BO3)4 Optical Waveguides." Crystals 9, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9020079.

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We investigated the fabrication of neodymium doped thin film optical waveguide-based devices as potential active sources for planar integrated optics. Liquid-phase epitaxial growth was used to fabricate neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum borate films on compatible lattice-matched, un-doped yttrium aluminum borate substrates. We observed the refractive index contrast of the doped and un-doped crystal layers via differential interference contrast microscopy. In addition, characterization by X-ray powder diffraction, optical absorption and luminescence spectra demonstrated the crystal quality, uniformity and optical guiding of the resulting thin films.

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25

Stocker, Gerald, Cristina Consani, Pooja Thakkar, Clement Fleury, Andreas Tortschanoff, Khaoula-Farah Ourak, Gerald Pühringer, et al. "Fabrication of integrated polysilicon waveguides for mid-infrared absorption sensing." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 11, no. 2 (August 9, 2022): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-11-225-2022.

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Abstract. The increasing popularity of environments equipped with sensors for convenience and with safety features, as in, for example, smart homes, greenhouses, or the interior of modern cars, demands a variety of sensor systems. In this respect, the sensing of ambient gases in the sense of air quality monitoring or leakage detection is one of the prominent applications. However, even though there are many different systems already available, the trend goes towards smaller and rather inconspicuous sensors which are embedded in the environment. We present the fabrication and characterization of integrated waveguides, which constitute an interesting platform for absorption spectroscopy in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) using the evanescent field of guided modes interacting with the analyte, thus leading to the absorption-induced attenuation of the mode. Corresponding simulations, characterizing the efficiency of the desired interaction, predict values for the confinement factor Γ and the intrinsic damping D for a waveguide geometry, which is then characterized by measurements. Furthermore, we discuss how these waveguides could be part of an integrated, non-dispersive, mid-IR sensor system fully integrated on a single chip. In this context, we present a way to maintain the quality of waveguides throughout the entire workflow needed to integrate a pyroelectric IR detector based on aluminum nitride (AlN).

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26

Park, Jungwoon, Seokho Kim, Jinho Choi, Sung Ho Yoo, Seongjae Oh, Do Hyoung Kim, and Dong Hyuk Park. "Fine Fabrication and Optical Waveguide Characteristics of Hexagonal tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum(Ⅲ) (Alq3) Crystal." Crystals 10, no. 4 (March 30, 2020): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10040260.

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Herein, we reported on the precise growth and optical waveguide characteristics of hexagonal tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum(Ⅲ) (Alq3) micro-crystals (MCs). The hexagonal Alq3 MCs were prepared using surfactant-assisted assembly growth with the help of cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB), in which the crystallization occurred as a result of molecular assembly and packing. Also, we adjusted the molar ratio of Alq3 and CTAB for the control degree of crystallization. The formation and structure of Alq3 MCs were investigated using field-emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction pattern experiments, respectively. The solid-state laser confocal microscope-photoluminescence spectra and charge-coupled device images for the Alq3 MCs were measured to study the luminescence efficiency and colors, respectively. The optical waveguide performance of the hexagonal Alq3 MCs was measured for each side direction. According to our results, crystalline Alq3 micro-crystals are promising materials for application to the development of optical communication devices.

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27

Castro, J. E., T. J. Steiner, L. Thiel, A. Dinkelacker, C. McDonald, P. Pintus, L. Chang, J. E. Bowers, and G. Moody. "Expanding the quantum photonic toolbox in AlGaAsOI." APL Photonics 7, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): 096103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0098984.

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Aluminum gallium arsenide-on-insulator (AlGaAsOI) exhibits large [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] optical nonlinearities, a wide tunable bandgap, low waveguide propagation loss, and a large thermo-optic coefficient, making it an exciting platform for integrated quantum photonics. With ultrabright sources of quantum light established in AlGaAsOI, the next step is to develop the critical building blocks for chip-scale quantum photonic circuits. Here we expand the quantum photonic toolbox for AlGaAsOI by demonstrating edge couplers, 3 dB splitters, tunable interferometers, and waveguide crossings with performance comparable to or exceeding silicon and silicon-nitride quantum photonic platforms. As a demonstration, we de-multiplex photonic qubits through an unbalanced interferometer, paving the route toward ultra-efficient and high-rate chip-scale demonstrations of photonic quantum computation and information applications.

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28

Hakoda, Christopher, Cliff Lissenden, and Parisa Shokouhi. "Clamping Resonators for Low-Frequency S0 Lamb Wave Reflection." Applied Sciences 9, no. 2 (January 12, 2019): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9020257.

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A recent elastic metamaterial study found that resonators that “clamp” a plate waveguide can be used to create a frequency stop-band gap. The result was that the resonator array can prohibit the propagation of an A0 Lamb wave mode. This study investigates whether the concept can be extended to S0 Lamb wave modes by designing resonators that can prohibit the propagation of S0 Lamb wave modes in a 1-mm aluminum plate waveguide at 50 kHz. The frequency-matched resonators did not reduce the transmitted signal, leading to the conclusion that the design concept of frequency-matched resonators is not always effective. On the other hand, the resonators designed to clamp the upper surface of the plate were very effective and reduced the transmitted signal by approximately 75%.

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29

Bocharova, O. A., A. V. Murygin, A. N. Bocharov, and R. V. Zaitsev. "SIMULATION OF THE INDUCTION SOLDERING PROCESS OF WAVEGUIDE PATHS FROM ALUMINUM ALLOYS." Siberian Journal of Science and Technology 21, no. 3 (2020): 424–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31772/2587-6066-2020-21-3-424-432.

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30

Yang, D. L., E. Y. B. Pun, and H. Lin. "Tm3+-doped ion-exchanged aluminum germanate glass waveguide for S-band amplification." Applied Physics Letters 95, no. 15 (October 12, 2009): 151106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3247888.

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31

Tang, Xiao, Yifang Yuan, Kobchat Wongchotigul, and Michael G. Spencer. "Dispersion properties of aluminum nitride as measured by an optical waveguide technique." Applied Physics Letters 70, no. 24 (June 16, 1997): 3206–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119127.

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32

Tian, Y. M., L. F. Shen, E. Y. B. Pun, and H. Lin. "High-aluminum phosphate glasses for single-mode waveguide-typed red light source." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 426 (October 2015): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2015.06.015.

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33

Yamaguchi, Akira, Kazuhiro Hotta, and Norio Teramae. "Optical Waveguide Sensor Based on a Porous Anodic Alumina/Aluminum Multilayer Film." Analytical Chemistry 81, no. 1 (January 2009): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac8015642.

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34

ZHANG, ZHIYI, GAOZHI XIAO, JIAREN LIU, and CHANDER GROVER. "Attaching Planar Waveguide Dies to Aluminum Using Low-Stress Thermal Conductive Adhesives." Fiber and Integrated Optics 23, no. 4 (January 2004): 311–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01468030490460023.

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35

Wang, Chia-Fu, Junghyun Wee, and Kara Peters. "Amplifying Lamb Wave Detection for Fiber Bragg Grating with a Phononic Crystal GRIN Lens Waveguide." Sensors 22, no. 21 (November 2, 2022): 8426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218426.

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This paper demonstrates that a graded-index (GRIN) phononic lens, combined with a channel waveguide, can focus anti-symmetric Lamb waves for extraction by a detector with strong directional sensitivity. Guided ultrasonic wave inspection is commonly applied for structural health monitoring applications; however, obtaining sufficient signal amplitude is a challenge. In addition, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors have strong directional sensitivity. We fabricate the GRIN structure, followed by a channel waveguide starting at the focal point, using a commercial 3D printer and mount it on a thin aluminum plate. We characterize the focusing of the A0 mode Lamb wave in the plate, traveling across the GRIN lens using 3D laser Doppler vibrometry. We also measure the extraction of focused energy using an FBG sensor, examining the optimal sensor bond location and bond length in the channel of the waveguide for maximum signal extraction. The measured amplification of the ultrasound signal is compared to theoretical predictions. The results demonstrate that significant amplification of the waveform is achieved and that selecting the location of the FBG sensor in the channel is critical to optimizing the amplification.

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36

Yang, J. X., B. J. Chen, E. Y. B. Pun, and H. Lin. "Praseodymium ion doped K+–Na+thermal ion-exchangeable waveguide-adaptive aluminum germanate glasses." Applied Optics 57, no. 30 (October 17, 2018): 9022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.57.009022.

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37

Ramazani, Maliheh, Haddad Miladi, Mahmoud Shahabadi, and Shamsoddin Mohajerzadeh. "Loss Measurement of Aluminum Thin-Film Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) Lines at Microwave Frequencies." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 57, no. 8 (August 2010): 2037–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ted.2010.2050110.

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38

Wang, Fei, Baojie Chen, Edwin Yue-Bun Pun, and Hai Lin. "Dy3+ doped sodium–magnesium–aluminum–phosphate glasses for greenish–yellow waveguide light sources." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 391 (May 2014): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2014.03.003.

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39

Bi, Xiaolei, Yongbin Zeng, and Ningsong Qu. "Micro-Shaping of Pure Aluminum by Intermittent Ultrasonic Oscillation Assisted Wire Electrochemical Micromachining with an Ultra-Low-Concentration Mixed Electrolyte." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 168, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 113503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac377e.

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Sacrificial mandrels and micro-components made from pure aluminum have considerable application potential for fabricating terahertz micro-cavity components and for MEMS. Although WECMM has significant advantages in micro-shaping micro-components from difficult-to-machine materials, high-quality micro-shaping of pure aluminum has always been very challenging due to its extremely high chemical activity in an aqueous solution. This study analyzes the electrochemical characteristics of pure aluminum and the corresponding machining experiments by traditional WECMM in various electrolytes, and manufactures a high-quality micro-slit with a short machining path in the obtained ultra-low-concentration mixed electrolyte. However, in a continuous long-term WECMM with a long machining path, poor mass transport leads to the accumulation of bubbles around the machining area and the deposition of insoluble products on the wire surface that reduce the machining stability and machining accuracy. Therefore, a mass transport method of using intermittent ultrasonic oscillation is proposed. The principle was expounded, systematic comparative experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of this method in continuous long-time WECMM in improving the machining stability and machining accuracy. Finally, a rectangular mandrel of pure aluminum with a path length greater than 10,000 μm was fabricated. After dissolving the rectangular mandrel, a terahertz hollow-core rectangular waveguide micro-cavity was produced.

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40

Deng, Zhong Liang, Hong Lai Qu, and Yuan Zhi Chen. "A Novel MEMS CPW Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 151 (January 2012): 170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.151.170.

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This paper presents a novel MEMS coplanar microwave waveguide (CPW) structure. The high-resistivity silicon is chosen as the material of substrate and the aluminum is as the metal transmission line because of its high conductivity ,Removing the silicon between the signal line and ground line, underneath the edge of both line,these can effectly reduce the loss.A layer of polyimide is added between the metal and silicon substrates continued to reduce the loss. The simulation results from HFSS show and demonstrate the insert loss is less than the results of traditional CPW.

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41

Chen, Zheng, Yanqiu Li, and Liangliang Li. "Integrated Microwave Noise Suppressor Fabricated on Magnetic/Dielectric Composite Ceramic Substrate." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2012, CICMT (September 1, 2012): 000208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-2012-tp51.

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We fabricated coplanar waveguide noise suppressors on anodic aluminum oxide ceramic substrates filled with 20 nm Co ferromagnetic nanowires, and measured the microwave properties of the integrated noise suppressors from 10 MHz to 40 GHz. The working frequency of the device is 16–20 GHz and the transmission coefficient S21 of the device is about −5 dB. We analyzed the characteristic impedance matching for the magnetic nanowire-based noise suppressors and provided the theoretical equations to calculate the ferromagnetic resonance frequency of the magnetic nanowires for various cases.

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42

Dong, Yunfeng, Tom K. Johansen, and Vitaliy Zhurbenko. "Ultra-wideband coplanar waveguide-to-asymmetric coplanar stripline transition from DC to 165 GHz." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 10, no. 8 (June 8, 2018): 870–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175907871800082x.

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AbstractThis paper presents an ultra-wideband coplanar waveguide (CPW)-to-asymmetric coplanar stripline (ACPS) transition based on aluminum nitride (AlN) substrate. The concepts of designing CPW, ACPS, and CPW-to-ACPS transition are explained. In order to suppress parasitic modes, vias going through AlN substrate are added along the ground traces. The signal trace is tapered out and chamfered to reduce the reflection caused by the termination of ground trace. The CPW-to-ACPS transition is designed, fabricated, and measured in a back-to-back configuration. The fabricated CPW-to-ACPS transition can provide a bandwidth of 165 GHz with an associated insertion loss of 3 dB.

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43

Fei, Yedeng, Yin Xu, Dongmei Huang, Yue Dong, Bo Zhang, Yi Ni, and P. K. A. Wai. "On-Chip Reconfigurable and Ultracompact Silicon Waveguide Mode Converters Based on Nonvolatile Optical Phase Change Materials." Nanomaterials 12, no. 23 (November 28, 2022): 4225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12234225.

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Reconfigurable mode converters are essential components in efficient higher-order mode sources for on-chip multimode applications. We propose an on-chip reconfigurable silicon waveguide mode conversion scheme based on the nonvolatile and low-loss optical phase change material antimony triselenide (Sb2Se3). The key mode conversion region is formed by embedding a tapered Sb2Se3 layer into the silicon waveguide along the propagation direction and further cladding with graphene and aluminum oxide layers as the microheater. The proposed device can achieve the TE0-to-TE1 mode conversion and reconfigurable conversion (no mode conversion) depending on the phase state of embedded Sb2Se3 layer, whereas such function could not be realized according to previous reports. The proposed device length is only 2.3 μm with conversion efficiency (CE) = 97.5%, insertion loss (IL) = 0.2 dB, and mode crosstalk (CT) = −20.5 dB. Furthermore, the proposed device scheme can be extended to achieve other reconfigurable higher-order mode conversions. We believe the proposed reconfigurable mode conversion scheme and related devices could serve as the fundamental building blocks to provide higher-order mode sources for on-chip multimode photonics.

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44

Scheidegger, P. J., S. Diesch, M. L. Palm, and C. L. Degen. "Scanning nitrogen-vacancy magnetometry down to 350 mK." Applied Physics Letters 120, no. 22 (May 30, 2022): 224001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0093548.

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We report on the implementation of a scanning nitrogen-vacancy (NV) magnetometer in a dry dilution refrigerator. Using pulsed optically detected magnetic resonance combined with efficient microwave delivery through a co-planar waveguide, we reach a base temperature of 350 mK, limited by experimental heat load and thermalization of the probe. We demonstrate scanning NV magnetometry by imaging superconducting vortices in a 50-nm-thin aluminum microstructure. The sensitivity of our measurements is approximately 3 μT per square root Hz. Our work demonstrates the feasibility for performing noninvasive magnetic field imaging with scanning NV centers at sub-Kelvin temperatures.

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45

Saris, Nur Najahatul Huda, Yurie Yoshida, Toshifumi Horie, Azura Hamzah, Sumiaty Ambran, Osamu Mikami, Takaki Ishigure, and Toshimi Fukui. "Waveguide length and pump power effects on the amplification of europium aluminum doped polymer." Optik 239 (August 2021): 166670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2021.166670.

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46

Xie, Wanfeng, Zongtao Chi, Huimin Yuan, Feng Jiang, Zhiyong Pang, and Shenghao Han. "One-step synthesis of crystalline tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum microtubes and their waveguide properties." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 120 (September 2018): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2018.04.022.

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47

Blanc, D., A. M. Bouchoux, C. Plumereau, A. Cachard, and J. F. Roux. "Phase‐matched frequency doubling in an aluminum nitride waveguide with a tunable laser source." Applied Physics Letters 66, no. 6 (February 6, 1995): 659–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114121.

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48

Janzen, N., M. Kononenko, S. Ren, and A. Lupascu. "Aluminum air bridges for superconducting quantum devices realized using a single-step electron-beam lithography process." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 9 (August 29, 2022): 094001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0103165.

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In superconducting quantum devices, air bridges enable increased circuit complexity and density, and mitigate the risk of microwave loss arising from mode mixing. We implement aluminum air bridges using a simple process based on single-step electron-beam gradient exposure. The resulting bridges have sizes ranging from 20 µm to 100 µm, with a yield exceeding 99% for lengths up to 36 µm. When used to connect ground planes in coplanar waveguide resonators, the induced loss contributed to the system is negligible, corresponding to a loss per bridge less than [Formula: see text]. The bridge process is compatible with Josephson junctions and allows for the simultaneous creation of low loss bandages between superconducting layers.

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49

Forsberg, Pontus, Patrik Hollman, and Mikael Karlsson. "High sensitivity infrared spectroscopy with a diamond waveguide on aluminium nitride." Analyst 146, no. 22 (2021): 6981–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1an01009c.

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50

Тарасов, М., А. Гунбина, С. Лемзяков, Д. Нагирная, М. Фоминский, А. Чекушкин, В. Кошелец, Э. Голдобин та А. Калабухов. "Разработка джозефсоновского параметрического усилителя бегущей волны нa основе алюминиевых СИС-переходов". Физика твердого тела 63, № 9 (2021): 1223. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftt.2021.09.51242.11h.

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We designed, fabricated, and tested several prototypes of a Josephson Travelling Wave Parametric Amplifier (JTWPA) with aluminum SIS junctions integrated in series array of dc SQUIDs in the central line of coplanar waveguide. Three types of fabrication recipes were tested: two with shadow evaporation and one with magnetron sputtering and direct e-beam lithography. IV curves of SQUIDs were measured at bath temperature of 0.3 K. We developed a cryogenic setup for meas-urements of spectral characteristics of JTWPA comprising cold HEMT amplifier with circulator, cold attenuators and filters in signal and pump coaxial lines. Resonant characteristic of coplanar quarter-wave resonator with directional coupler intended for short JTWPA was measured.

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