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Статті в журналах з теми "Alternative renewable energy"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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1

Osama, Muhammad, Najam Waseem, and Emran Ullah. "Alternative for Renewable Energy." JOURNAL OF NANOSCOPE (JN) 2, no. 2 (December 23, 2021): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/jn.v2i2.40.

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Анотація:

Importance of renewable energy resources has increased since the discussion on climate change has evolved from a lesser-known fact to a global issue. Heavy traffic across the globe has increased abruptly. Utilization of the energy generated by the interference of wheels of a moving vehicle and a speed breaker. A roller conveyor would serve as a part of the road that is embedded as a speed breaker. Millions of cars pass through the national highways if we are to implement the system or the project which is under consideration by means of the “Power generation by using the speed breakers”. The apparatus would consist of a roller conveyor attached to a full-fledged mechanical gear operational on the rack and pinion mechanism. The product design is assembled to acquire less space and provide more useful energy. The product design is feasible and can be implemented across the globe anywhere on the highways. The whole concept is based upon the electromechanical principles of physics mainly. Keywords: Renewable energy, electromagnetism, electrical power, energy demands, speed breakers.

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2

Karpenka, E., and Honghao Yuan. "The impact of alternative energy on the world's energy mix of global energy consumption." Vestnik of Polotsk State University. Part D. Economic and legal sciences 1, no. 5 (May 24, 2022): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.52928/2070-1632-2022-60-5-51-56.

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Alternative energy is a strategic future for humanity because of the inevitable rise in cost and depletion of natural resources and, in the long term, nuclear materials for nuclear power operations. Every study in renewable energy development is an approach to make better use of renewable energy sources. Many countries have set targets for increased renewable energy clustering. Western European countries occupy an honourable place.The EU case study examines actions to integrate renewables into the current energy system, ensuring that the share of renewables in electricity generation reaches 12% by 2022. Renewables could thus change the fuel and energy mix, both of individual countries and of the global community as a whole, in the coming years.

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3

Hassan, Mabroor, Manzoor K. Afridi, and Muhammad I. Khan. "An overview of alternative and renewable energy governance, barriers, and opportunities in Pakistan." Energy & Environment 29, no. 2 (December 12, 2017): 184–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x17743036.

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Анотація:

High demand of energy for increasing economic growth, inadequate resources, pollution from power generation, inconsistent oil prices, and fickle supplies have triggered governments to develop long-term and secure energy sources. Alternative and renewable energy sources are an anticipation of securing long term, clean, and sustainable future of energy. This paper presents the current energy scenario of Pakistan, the share of renewables, analysis of alternative and renewable energy governance, barriers and opportunities for Pakistan in adopting alternative and renewable energy. It highlights development potential for alternative and renewable energy and issues related to energy governance to achieve the target of 5% share in the energy mix by 2030. The results indicated substantial gaps in alternative and renewable energy policy which is likely to freak the benefits of opportunities and government targets. The findings of this article identified the lack of mechanism to cooperate, poor integration of alternative and renewable energy technologies, underprivileged domestic manufacturing, no portfolio standards for bioenergy, and the dearth of research and development. Additionally, the study had furnished the barriers and opportunities in detail for endowment of alternative and renewable energy resources to assure sustainable energy security of Pakistan.

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4

Bhusare, Sudhakar R. "Renewable Energy: An Eco-Friendly Alternative?" Quest-The Journal of UGC-HRDC Nainital 9, no. 2 (2015): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-0035.2015.00024.8.

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5

Tabatabaei, Meisam, Keikhosro Karimi, Rajeev Kumar, and Ilona Sárvári Horváth. "Renewable Energy and Alternative Fuel Technologies." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/245935.

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6

Lavrinenko, Yaroslav, Victoria Tinyakova, Larisa Shishkina, and Ruben Partevian. "Marketing of renewable energy sources." E3S Web of Conferences 175 (2020): 14006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017514006.

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The article discusses the importance of marketing in the market of renewable energy sources. Alternative energy and its development significantly depend on the country and the climatic conditions of a particular area. In Russia, alternative energy, its development, lags behind world leaders. There are several reasons for this. The first reason is the large reserves of fuel and energy raw materials and their low cost. The second reason is the low utilization rate of the installed capacity of alternative energy. The third reason is that the weather conditions in Russia are nonhomogeneous and not very suitable for the development of alternative energy. A promising direction for the development of alternative energy is small alternative energy. Marketing is built on effective market segmentation, increasing end-user awareness and customer education efforts. The article also provides recommendations for improving the effectiveness of marketing, its special features, taking into account altruism, paternalism and moral satisfaction ofcustomers.

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7

Рязанова та G. Ryazanova. "Сoordination of supply and demand alternative energy in Russia industrial with organizational solution". Administration 4, № 3 (17 вересня 2016): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21295.

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Анотація:

One of the key factors affecting the competitiveness of an enterprise is low energy costs. Despite the status of Russia as an energy superpower, Russian companies are paying a high price for electricity. It has increased the past 10 years more than 3 times. In addition the traditional energy sources, there are renewable energy sources, which include solar, geothermal, bioenergy, and others. They are close in certain cases and are able to give energy. In developed countries, the production and consumption of energy from renewable sources for industry is growing every year. In Russia it is used hardly, but the potential of renewable energy is huge. This is due to the peculiarities of the country – there are a lot of hydrocarbons in Russia, and industry has focus on hydrocarbon energy sources. At the same time, in our country there are the situations where renewables can be an essential complement centralized system of electrification. But in Russia there is no mechanism of regulation of the supply / demand of alternative energy. There are not institutional conditions for state regulation of renewable energy production, there is not renewables market. The paper proposes an organizational solution that solves the problem of the coordination of the supply / demand in the Russian context.

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8

RAO, M. C. "SUSTAINABLE AND RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES — ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF ENERGY." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 22 (January 2013): 385–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194513010416.

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Анотація:

In order to move towards a sustainable existence in our critically energy dependent society there is a continuing need to adopt environmentally sustainable methods for energy production, storage and conversion. A fuel cell is an energy conversion device that generates electricity and heat by electrochemically combining a gaseous fuel and an oxidant gas through electrodes and across an ion conducting electrolyte. The use of fuel cells in both stationary and mobile power applications can offer significant advantages for the sustainable conversion of energy. Currently the cost of fuel cell systems is greater than that of similar, already available products, mainly because of small scale production and the lack of economies of scale. The best fuel for fuel cells is hydrogen and another barrier is fuel flexibility. Benefits arising from the use of fuel cells include efficiency and reliability, as well as economy, unique operating characteristics and planning flexibility and future development potential. By integrating the application of fuel cells, in series with renewable energy storage and production methods, sustainable energy requirements may be realized. As fuel cell application increases and improved fuel storage methods and handlings are developed, it is expected that the costs associated with fuel cell systems will fall dramatically in the future.

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9

Wang, Hong Zhi. "Analysis of Ship Renewable Alternative Energy Sources." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 911–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.911.

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Biodiesel is a clean, renewable energy, non-burning emissions of sulfur dioxide, other harmful gases than conventional diesel fuel by 70 percent. This article outlines the concept of biofuels and main characteristics, focusing on the ship can be used as an alternative fuel biodiesel, analyzes the development prospects of bio-diesel.

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10

Konovalov, V., O. Pogharnitskaya, A. Rostovshchikova, and I. Matveenko. "Potential of renewable and alternative energy sources." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 27 (November 10, 2015): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/27/1/012068.

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11

Zalesky, Rick. "ALTERNATIVE AND RENEWABLE ENERGY—A PRACTICAL APPROACH." APPEA Journal 46, no. 2 (2006): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj05058.

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12

Kara, Sedef E., Mustapha D. Ibrahim, and Sahand Daneshvar. "Dual Efficiency and Productivity Analysis of Renewable Energy Alternatives of OECD Countries." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (July 1, 2021): 7401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137401.

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Анотація:

This paper examines the dual efficiency of bioenergy, renewable hydro energy, solar energy, wind energy, and geothermal energy for selected OECD countries through an integrated model with energy, economic, environmental, and social dimensions. Two questions are explored: Which renewable energy alternative is more dual efficient and productive? Which renewable energy alternative is best for a particular country? Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used for the efficiency evaluation, and the global Malmquist productivity index is applied for productivity analysis. Results indicate bioenergy as the most efficient renewable energy alternative with a 20% increase in average efficiency in 2016 compared to 2012. Renewable hydro energy, wind energy, and solar energy show a 17.5%, 16%, and 11% increase, respectively. The average efficiency growth across all renewable energy alternatives signifies major advancement. Country performance in renewable energy is non-monolithic; therefore, they should customize their renewable energy portfolio accordingly to their strengths to enhance renewable energy efficiency. Renewable hydro appears to have the most positive productivity change in 2016 compared to 2012, while solar energy regressed in productivity due to its scale inefficiency. All renewable energy alternatives have relatively equal average pure efficiency change. The positive trend in efficiency and productivity provides an incentive for policy makers to pursue further development of renewable energy technologies with a focus on improving scale efficiency.

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13

Kawakami, Hinako, and Yasumitsu Matsuo. "Beautiful renewable energy." Impact 2019, no. 10 (December 30, 2019): 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2019.10.39.

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Анотація:

As the world's consumption of non-renewable fuels continues to grow, so do the associated problems. Coal, gas and nuclear are all on the rise with each presenting significant environmental problems. The fossil fuels contribute to global warming through CO2 emissions as well as polluting the environment through particulates and waste products. Nuclear energy, whilst cleaner, still produces significant and long-term dangerous waste products. In addition, the raw materials are finite and will be exhausted sometime this century. The battle to develop effective clean alternatives is one of the key fights that will come to define the 21st century. The process will require considerable innovation and greater effort by business and state to improve the situation. Many researchers are working towards a myriad of different solutions that, together, could form the basis for re-gearing the global economy towards the use of renewable and sustainable resources and fuels. One such alternative is the fuel cell and variations of this. A fuel cell harnesses the energy released when hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water to produce electricity. Its inputs are cheap and readily available whilst its outputs are completely clean. In order to effectively assimilate new technologies such as these, it is necessary to consider how this technology can be applied and integrated into modern life. Doing so will allow new technologies to be adopted and employed far quicker after development. Two researchers from Setsunan University, Japan are working together to make cheap and renewable fuel cells that can be integrated directly into new, green architecture.

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14

Lezhniuk, Petro, Viacheslav Komar, and Sergiy Kravchuk. "Assessment of Balance Reliability in Local Elecrtic System with Alternative Renewable Sources of Energy." Computational Problems of Electrical Engineering 7, no. 1 (March 14, 2017): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jcpee2017.01.037.

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15

Jatautas, Jaunius, and Andrius Stasiukynas. "Analysis of the Lithuanian renewable energy resources legal framework." Problems and Perspectives in Management 14, no. 3 (July 29, 2016): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.14(3).2016.03.

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Анотація:

Effective development of the legal framework promotes the production of energy from renewable energy sources (RES) that provide an alternative to fossil fuel energy and environmental protection. According to these provisions, the article performs content analysis of the Lithuanian RES legal framework and discloses regulatory grounds and barriers to RES development

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16

Ogundiran, Pius. "Renewable Energy as Alternative Source of Power and Funding of Renewable Energy in Nigeria." Asian Bulletin of Energy Economics and Technology 4, no. 1 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/journal.507.2018.41.1.9.

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17

Azouaou, Lamia, Nassima Slimani, and Amel Chadlia. "Development Issues of Alternative Energy in Algeria." Defect and Diffusion Forum 379 (November 2017): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.379.24.

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Анотація:

Nowadays, global warming is central to all discussions, as governments are trying to make decisions in order to slow the greenhouse effect. This lead to the creation of “sustainable development”, which relies on renewable energies in order to preserve the environment. The development issues of renewable energy in Algeria drove the Algerian State to integrate it in the national energy mix. It is a major challenge regarding the preservation of fossil fuels, diversification of electricity production chains and contribution to sustainable development. Algeria launched a renewable energy development program going from 2011 to 2030 in order to revive economic growth in this country. The program recently concluded its first phase dedicated to pilot projects and testing various technologies available. The Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency Development Program (REEEDP), in the revised version by the services of the Department of Energy, has just been adopted with the conclusions highlighted by its first phase.the preservation of fossil fuels, diversification of electricity production chains and contribution to sustainable development. Algeria launched a renewable energy development program going from 2011 to 2030 in order to revive economic growth in this country. The program recently concluded its first phase dedicated to pilot projects and testing various technologies available. The Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency Development Program (REEEDP), in the revised version by the services of the Department of Energy, has just been adopted with the conclusions highlighted by its first phase.

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18

Basok, B. I., T. G. Belyaeva, I. K. Bozhko, A. N. Nedbaylo, V. G. Novikov, and M. A. Khybyna. "The Electrical Supply System for the Experimental «Zero-Energy» Building (300 M2) Based on Renewable and Alternative Energy Sources." Science and innovation 11, no. 6 (November 30, 2015): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/scine11.06.024.

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19

Valiyev, Ahmad. "Alternative-Renewable Energy Complex on the University Base." American Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications 5, no. 5 (2017): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajesa.20170505.12.

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20

Plowe, Jonathan, Dan McMahon, Jeff Phillips, and Greg Rosen. "Alternative Capital Markets Solutions in Renewable Energy Finance." Journal of Structured Finance 20, no. 3 (October 31, 2014): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jsf.2014.20.3.046.

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21

Jumini, S., R. S. Iswari, and P. Marwoto. "Thermoelectric use in various renewable alternative energy source." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1918, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 022039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1918/2/022039.

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22

Poiša, Liena, Aleksandrs Adamovičs, Veneranda Stramkale, and Ļubova Komlajeva. "LINSEED FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY." Latgale National Economy Research 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2010): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/lner2010vol1.2.1793.

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Анотація:

The renewable energy acquisition reduces dependence on fossil energy, which has a beneficial impact not only on agriculture but also on the country's economic development, since it has reduced the amount of bad emissions and the quantity of imports. This study is to determine the carbon content, ash content and yield influencing factors of linseed in order to clarify the possible use of alternative energy. The linseed is suitable for energy production from biomass, because it is derived from different products, which are used for solid fuel and bio diesel production.

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23

Vakhguelt, Anatoli. "Renewable Energy Potential of Kazakhstan." Defect and Diffusion Forum 379 (November 2017): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.379.189.

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Анотація:

2017 is the year when the capital of Kazakhstan Astana is hosting the EXPO2017 “Future Energy” conference. It is interesting to consider how Kazakhstan is developing renewable energy usage. Kazakhstan with its huge territory and not very large population is having great potential for renewable energy production. Most of the territory has sufficient amount for solar energy harvest and also large amount of area with high speed of wind, which has large potential to produce sufficient amount of wind energy. Areas such as Jungar Gates and Chylyk Corridor have a huge potential for the production of energy by wind turbines. The part of Kazakhstan between the Balkhash Lake and Aral Sea is not very populated due to shortage of water. At the same time this area has a very high level of solar irradiation. It is possible to harvest there a large amount of solar energy if it would have many solar panel arrays installed. The problem difficult to overcome would be the maintenance of these solar panel arrays due to low population and pure living conditions. There are at least two major reasons to go for renewable energy development in the country. First one – Kazakhstani leadership is looking into opportunities to change from a resource economy (it is one of the oil producing countries – it has more than 2% of the world oil reserve and many other resources) to a technology driven one. In this case resources will be used to produce different products. Due to that, one of the challenges is to move from fossil fuel driven energy production to alternative sources and the potential is there. Another stimulus is that Kazakhstan is the country which has joined to Kyoto protocol and Paris agreement. Thus, Kazakhstan tends to reduce greenhouse effect and also Kazakhstan is going towards the generation of energy from alternative sources. The government of the country is developing the legislation in direction to encourage producers and users to increase share of alternative sources for energy generation in Kazakhstan. It provides users with benefits if they supply energy produced by alternative sources to the grid with preferable rates.

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24

NEAGOE, MIHAELA, GHEORGHE STROESCU, and ANIŞOARA PĂUN. "ENERGY PLANTS ALTERNATIVE TO FUTURE BIOFUEL PRODUCTION." "Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series " 51, no. 2 (December 20, 2020): 398–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.52846/aamc.2021.02.48.

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Replacing fossil fuels with alternative renewable energy sources is a very current issue worldwide. The development of energy plant (lingo-cellulosic) crops represents the promising solution, for the future production of biofuels in order to produce renewable energy and replace fossil fuels. For the implementation of energy crops were elaborated a series of technologies and technical equipment that respond to the requirements of these crops. The paper addresses these technologies, technical equipment and technologies for valorizing energy crops.

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25

Mustafa Omer, Abdeen. "Sustainable Energy: Challenges of Implementing New Technologies." Sumerianz Journal of Scientific Research, no. 41 (February 18, 2021): 8–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47752/sjsr.41.8.24.

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Sudan is an agricultural country with fertile land, plenty of water resources, livestock, forestry resources, and agricultural residues. Energy is one of the key factors for the development of national economies in Sudan. An overview of the energy situation in Sudan is introduced with reference to the end uses and regional distribution. Energy sources are divided into two main types; conventional energy (biomass, petroleum products, and electricity); and non-conventional energy (solar, wind, hydro, etc.). Sudan possesses a relatively high abundance of sunshine, solar radiation, and moderate wind speeds, hydro, and biomass energy resources. Application of new and renewable sources of energy available in Sudan is now a major issue in the future energy strategic planning for the alternative to the fossil conventional energy to provide part of the local energy demand. Sudan is an important case study in the context of renewable energy. It has a long history of meeting its energy needs through renewables. Sudan’s renewables portfolio is broad and diverse, due in part to the country’s wide range of climates and landscapes. Like many of the African leaders in renewable energy utilisation, Sudan has a well-defined commitment to continue research, development, and implementation of new technologies. Sustainable low-carbon energy scenarios for the new century emphasise the untapped potential of renewable resources. Rural areas of Sudan can benefit from this transition. The increased availability of reliable and efficient energy services stimulates new development alternatives. It is concluded that renewable environmentally friendly energy must be encouraged, promoted, implemented, and demonstrated by full-scale plant especially for use in remote rural areas.

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26

Narváez, Félix Antonio Solórzano, and Edgar Iván Moreno Castro. "Energy planning with renewable energy sources." International journal of physical sciences and engineering 5, no. 3 (December 31, 2021): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.53730/ijpse.v5n3.2941.

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The urban energy model is based on imports from external sources. The continuous increase in energy demand due to population growth and development implies increasing resource requirements. The alternative is to use renewable energies that take advantage of urban resources. The diversity of typologies of cities in terms of resources, demands, architectural conditions, infrastructure, or density, makes a specific analysis necessary. This work identifies fourteen factors concerning the planning process that would allow choosing the most appropriate technology for a given city. Through consultation of experts, the existence of the resource is defined as the most prevalent factor, followed by economic conditions; On the other hand, it is detected that environmental aspects such as global warming, eutrophication, or acidification, are the least incidents when selecting technologies.

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27

Mamkhezri, Jamal, Leonard A. Malczynski, and Janie M. Chermak. "Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts of Alternative Renewable Portfolio Standards: Winners and Losers." Energies 14, no. 11 (June 5, 2021): 3319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113319.

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Анотація:

State-mandated renewable portfolio standards affect substantial portions of the total U.S. electricity supply. Renewable portfolio standards are environmentally motivated policies, yet they have the potential to greatly impact economy. There is not an agreement in the literature on the impact of renewable portfolio standards policies on regional economies, especially on job creation. By integrating various methodologies including econometrics, geographic information system, and input–output analysis into a unique system dynamics model, this paper estimates the economic and environmental impacts of various renewable portfolio standards scenarios in the state of New Mexico, located in Southwestern U.S. The state is endowed with traditional fossil fuel resources and substantial renewable energy potential. In this work we estimated and compared the economic and environmental tradeoffs at the county level under three renewable portfolio standards: New Mexico’s original standard of 20% renewables, the recently adopted 100% renewables standard, and a reduced renewable standard of 10%. The final one would be a return to a more traditional generation profile. We found that while the 20% standard has the highest market-based economic impact on the state as a whole, it is not significantly different from other scenarios. However, when environmental impacts are included, the 100% standard yields the highest value. In addition, while the state level economic impacts across the three scenarios are not significantly different, the county-level impacts are substantial. This is especially important for a state like New Mexico, which has a high reliance on energy for economic development. A higher renewable portfolio standard appears to be an economic tool to stimulate targeted areas’ economic growth. These results have policy implications.

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28

Kolar, Jim. "Renewable energy: Biomass power and biofuels as alternative sustainable energy sources." Environmental Quality Management 8, no. 2 (1998): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tqem.3310080206.

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29

Sihombing, Dewa Alvario, Lisna Yulianti, and Eka Cahya Prima. "Aloe Vera as an Alternative Energy Source." Indonesian Journal of Multidiciplinary Research 1, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijomr.v1i1.33680.

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Анотація:

Energy is a basic human need. In Indonesia, fuel oil (BBM) is the most widely used energy source in meeting national energy needs. The composition of Indonesia's national energy consumption in 2015, namely BBM: 52.50%; Gas: 19.04%; Coal: 21.52%; Water: 3.73%; Geothermal: 3.01%; and New Energy: 0.2% (Kholiq, 2015). To reduce the use of non-renewable energy, we are trying to find a solution to overcome this problem, namely by using Aloe vera as a source of electrical. This research focuses on the type of circuit and the number of sets of electrodes to produce an optimal source of electrical energy. In this research, we are using an experimental method that aims to determine whether Aloe vera can be an alternative renewable energy source. The first condition is one leaf, series circuit. The second condition, two leaves with a parallel circuit. The third condition, three-leaf with a parallel circuit. The results of this study are that the more electrodes, the more voltage is generated. By assembling in parallel, the resulting current is greater. From our study, we hope Aloe vera has potential as an alternative energy source and it can reduce the use of non-renewable energy.

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30

Matveev, V. I. "RENWEX 2021. RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ELECTRIC TRANSPORT." Spravochnik. Inzhenernyi zhurnal, no. 297 (December 2021): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/hb.2021.12.pp.045-052.

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Анотація:

The article briefly describes the current state of alternative energy in the world, the need for its improvement, examples of wider use of solar and wind energy in leading countries, problems associated with the operation of “green” energy. The exhibition showed the level of development of the main directions of alternative energy, leading countries and firms, as well as the topics of the problems discussed.

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31

Saygın, Hasan, Hasan V. Oral, and Serkan Kardaşlar. "Environmental assessment of renewable energy scenarios for a sustainable future in Turkey." Energy & Environment 31, no. 2 (June 13, 2019): 237–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x19855992.

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Анотація:

In this study, we aim to present the outcomes of the environmental impact assessment of renewable energy scenarios relevant with the sustainable perception in Turkey using energy modelling for the period 2014–2050. Therefore, we use the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System model and develop three scenarios as follows: Reference Scenario, Alternative Scenario-I, and Alternative Scenario-II. We find that the total social costs in Reference Scenario, Alternative Scenario-I and Alternative Scenario-II are $88.75 billion, $76.73 billion and $71.15 billion per annum, respectively. Self-sufficiency of the country as the political impact factor in Reference Scenario is expected to be 10.5% in 2050, while it is 41.4% in Alternative Scenario-I and 54% in Alternative Scenario-II. In terms of greenhouse gas emissions, Reference Scenario leads to 736 million metric tons of CO2-eq per annum, which is calculated to be 77.4% and 99.5% higher than Alternative Scenario-I and Alternative Scenario-II, respectively. We conclude that it is a necessity for Turkey to employ its renewable energy potential that it possesses in abundance with efficiency measures. Otherwise, missing this paradigm shift process may stir up a hornet’s nest of harder sectoral challenges and externalities in the near future of the country.

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32

Michele, Okocha. "Renewable Energy Alternatives: Bioetanol in Cassava as an Energy." International Journal Papier Advance and Scientific Review 2, no. 1 (January 20, 2021): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47667/ijpasr.v2i1.72.

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The study aimed at investigating the use of cassava as potential alternative renewable energy. The study method utilized is a descriptive method of making bioethanol from cassava on a research facility scale. 50 kg of new cassava, include 1.5 ml of alpha-amylase protein at that point warm for 30-60 minutes Include 1 g of bread yeast, 65 g of urea, and 14 g of NPK. The efficiency of cassava at the cultivate level is 14.3 - 18.8 to/ha, in spite of the fact that information from the inquire about center reports that efficiency can reach 30-40 tons / ha. It is prescribed that cassava as a biofuel fabric comes from assortments that have the taking after properties: tall starch substance, tall abdicate potential, safe to biotic and abiotic stresses, adaptability in cultivating and collecting age.

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Sulistyani, Erlinda, Daniel Boi Tamado, Futri Wulandari, and Esmar Budi. "Coconut Shell Activated Carbon as an Alternative Renewable Energy." KnE Energy 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ken.v2i2.360.

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Анотація:

<p>Research coconut shell activated carbon as an alternative renewable energy has been done. Coconut shell activated carbon is processed into fuel that can replace coal. Coconut shell densely textured, hard, and old became a mainstay to be used as activated carbon. The process of forming into a coconut shell coconut shell activated carbon made by drying, pyrolysis, and carbonization. After it was examined DSC and SEM, so the coconut shell activated carbon obtained temperature of 500 0C is activated carbon which can produce the greatest heat and durable because of the many elements contained carbon and many pores are formed. </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: activated carbon; alternative renewable energy; coconut shell.</p>

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34

Shuba, Eyasu Shumbulo, and Demeke Kifle. "Microalgae to biofuels: ‘Promising’ alternative and renewable energy, review." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 81 (January 2018): 743–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.08.042.

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35

Roxas, Fernando, and Andrea Santiago. "Alternative framework for renewable energy planning in the Philippines." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 59 (June 2016): 1396–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.01.084.

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36

Djoru, Mery Rambu, Ricky Gimin, and Suwari. "Phytoplankton (microalgae) as an alternative of renewable energy sources." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 823 (May 27, 2020): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/823/1/012019.

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37

Omojolaibi, Joseph Ayoola. "Financing the alternative: renewable energy in the Nigerian economy." International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development 15, no. 2 (2016): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijesd.2016.076367.

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38

Azad, A. K., and Manabandra Saha. "Wind Power: A Renewable Alternative Source of Green Energy." International Journal of Basic and Applied Science 1, no. 2 (October 31, 2012): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17142/ijbas-2012.1.2.3.

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39

Koruba, Dorota, Jerzy Zbigniew Piotrowski, and Jolanta Latosińska. "Biomass - alternative renewable energy source to the fossil fuels." E3S Web of Conferences 14 (2017): 02015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20171402015.

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40

MacGarry, Ann. "The Centre for Alternative Technology: living with renewable energy." Physics Education 27, no. 4 (July 1992): 210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9120/27/4/008.

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41

Pedersen, Tim T., Marta Victoria, Morten G. Rasmussen, and Gorm B. Andresen. "Modeling all alternative solutions for highly renewable energy systems." Energy 234 (November 2021): 121294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.121294.

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42

Yevdokimov, Yuri, Olena Chygryn, Tetyana Pimonenko, and Oleksii Lyulyov. "Biogas as an alternative energy resource for Ukrainian companies: EU experience." Innovative Marketing 14, no. 2 (July 27, 2018): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.14(2).2018.01.

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Анотація:

The paper deals with analysis of the preconditions of alternative energy market development in Ukraine. In this case study, the authors analyzed the EU experience. The results of analysis showed that the leader of the EU countries in renewable energy has already achieved the target (20%), which had been indicated. In addition, the findings showed that the share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption has been increasing from year to year. The authors allocate that, according to the Ukrainian potential, biogas is the most perspective one among alternative resources. Moreover, results of analysis showed that Ukraine has the huge potential of agricultural sector. In this direction, the authors allocated the main types of the agricultural activities, which have the highest potential of biogas production: sugar factories, corn silage and poultry farms. The authors underlined that biogas spreading is restrained by the stereotypes that green investments are not attractive for investors. In order to analyze the economic efficiency of investments to the biogas installation, the authors calculated the profit from the biogas installation for poultry farm. The authors made two scenarios for calculation. The first – the whole volume of energy, which was generated from the biogas unit, will be sold with feed-in tariff. The second – the farm covers its own needs in electricity, the rest will be sold with feed-in tariff. The findings showed that the first scenario is more attractive. Moreover, the farm could receive higher profit if it installed the biogas in 2016, not in 2017. In addition, based on the EU experience and features of farm functioning, the authors approved that the biogas installation has not only the economic effect (profit and additional profit) for company, but also ecological and social effects for rural area, where this farm was located.

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43

Sarmiento, Luis, Thorsten Burandt, Konstantin Löffler, and Pao-Yu Oei. "Analyzing Scenarios for the Integration of Renewable Energy Sources in the Mexican Energy System—An Application of the Global Energy System Model (GENeSYS-MOD)." Energies 12, no. 17 (August 25, 2019): 3270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12173270.

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This paper uses numerical techno-economic modelling to analyse the effect of current national renewable targets and climate goals on the cost and structural composition of the Mexican energy system. For this, we construct a scenario base analysis to compare current policies with two alternative states of the world—one without climate policies and one attaining full decarbonization. Furthermore, an additional iterative routine allows us to estimate the cost-optimal share of renewable technologies in the energy sector and the effect that deviating from this share has on total discounted system costs, emissions and the structure of the energy mix. In general, model results exhibit three key insights—(1) A marked dependence of the energy system on photovoltaics and natural gas; (2) The 2050 cost-optimal share of renewables for the production of electricity, transportation and industrial heating is respectively 75%, 90% and 5%; and (3) As national renewable targets for the power sector are lower than the cost-optimal share of renewables, equivalent to the shares in an scenario without climate policies and completely disconnected from national climate goals, these should be modified.

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Suleimanov, G. S., G. N. Safarova, and A. I. Mirheydarova. "Role of alternative and renewable energy sources in assurance of Azerbaijan’s energy security." Azerbaijan Oil Industry, no. 6 (June 15, 2020): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37474/0365-8554/2020-6-7-57-62.

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The paper studies the role of alternative and renewable energy sources (ARES) in the maintenance of Azerbaijan’s energy security. In the view of annual depletion of reserves capacity of such traditional natural resources as the oil, gas, coal, shale and the environmental disorder in their usage, as well as considering the fact of their implementation as the major pressure means serving to the geopolitical interests of the countries, due to the instability and variability of the fuel types prices in the world market, the necessity of surveying new alternative and renewable energy sources in the region is marked. It is pointed out that wide-scale recovery of alternative and renewable energy sources in Azerbaijan will lead to the involving of oil-gas raw into the petrochemical industry, to the decrease of degree of the harmful man-made effect on the environment in the process of energy production, as well as to the significant reduction of economic dependence on the various fuel types. The methods of increasing the production capacity of alternative energies in the strengthening of country’s energetic safety by the acceleration of implementation process of alternative and renewable energy sources were studied and the significance of the development of oil concept considered the essential of long-term maintenance of national energy safety marked as well.

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45

Miguel, Carlos, Adélio Mendes, and Luís Madeira. "An Overview of the Portuguese Energy Sector and Perspectives for Power-to-Gas Implementation." Energies 11, no. 12 (November 23, 2018): 3259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11123259.

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Energy policies established in 2005 have made Portugal one of the top renewable power producers in Europe, in relative terms. Indeed, the country energy dependence decreased since 2005, although remaining above EU-19 and EU-28 countries in 2015 (77.4% vs. 62.4% vs. 54.0%, respectively). Data collected from governmental, statistical, and companies’ reports and research articles shows that renewables and natural gas assumed a growing importance in the Portuguese energy mix along time, while oil followed an opposite trend. Recently, the country remarkably achieved a full 70-h period in which the mainland power consumed relied exclusively on renewable electricity and has several moments where power production exceeds demand. Currently, the main option for storing those surpluses relies on pumped hydro storage plants or exportation, while other storage alternatives, like Power-to-Gas (PtG), are not under deep debate, eventually due to a lack of information and awareness. Hence, this work aims to provide an overview of the Portuguese energy sector in the 2005–2015 decade, highlighting the country’s effort towards renewable energy deployment that, together with geographic advantages, upholds PtG as a promising alternative for storing the country’s renewable electricity surpluses.

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46

Al-Hamamre, Z., and K. M. Rawajfeh. "Investigating the Energy Value of Jojoba as an Alternative Renewable Energy Source." International Journal of Green Energy 12, no. 4 (November 21, 2014): 398–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2013.848404.

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47

Almaktar, Mohamed, and Mohamed Shaaban. "Prospects of renewable energy as a non-rivalry energy alternative in Libya." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 143 (June 2021): 110852. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.110852.

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48

Bran, Stefania Daniela, Petre Chipurici, Mariana Bran, and Alexandru Vlaicu. "Renewable Energy from Agricultural Waste." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 6 (July 15, 2018): 1363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.6.6325.

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This paper has aimed at evaluating the concentration of bioethanol obtained using sunflower stem as natural support, molasses as carbon source and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast in a continuous flow reactor. The natural support was tested to investigate the immobilization/growth of S. cerevisiae yeast. The concentration of bioethanol produced by fermentation was analyzed by gas chromatography using two methods: aqueous solutions and extraction in organic phase. The CO2 flow obtained during the fermentation process was considered to estimate when the yeast was deactivated. The laboratory experiments have highlighted that the use of plant-based wastes to bioconversion in ethanol could be a non-pollutant and sustainable alternative.

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49

Charzan, Tadeusz. "BIOMASS AS AN ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTION IN AGRICULTURE." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 18, 2005): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2005vol1.2121.

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Utilisation of energy from renewable sources can bring great positive ecological effects. The greatest hope related to renewable sources of energy is with biomass, the stocks of which present huge reserves of energy. Biomass can be used for energy purposes in the process of direct incinerating of bio-fuels (timber, straw seed, hay) or in the form of gas.In this paper, described are the economical effects of pro-ecological enterprises dealing with energy. Described is the example of biomass application and presented is its efficiency.

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50

Ilbahar, Esra, Selcuk Cebi, and Cengiz Kahraman. "Prioritization of renewable energy sources using multi-experts Pythagorean fuzzy WASPAS." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 39, no. 5 (November 19, 2020): 6407–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-189106.

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Effective utilization of renewable energy sources is an essential component of countries’ sustainable development strategies. A thorough evaluation of renewable energy alternatives is required to assure maximum exploitation of resources. The evaluation of renewable energy sources is a complicated problem since many criteria, even some of them are conflicting, must be taken into account simultaneously. Pythagorean fuzzy sets are better able to reflect uncertainty and vagueness in an assessment process by providing a greater domain for decision makers to describe their opinions. Therefore, this study aims at prioritizing renewable energy alternatives by employing interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy WASPAS method. The obtained results are compared to the results of intuitionistic type-2 fuzzy WASPAS, interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy WASPAS and crisp WASPAS methods. Biomass is selected to be the best renewable energy alternative for Central Anatolia Region of Turkey.

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