Дисертації з теми "Algorithmes de reconstruction tomographique"
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Recur, Benoît. "Précision et qualité en reconstruction tomographique : algorithmes et applications." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14113/document.
Повний текст джерелаA large kind of methods are available now to acquire an object in a non-destructive way (X-Ray scanner, micro-scanner, Tera-hertz waves, Transmission Electron Microscopy, etc). These tools acquire a projection set around the object and a reconstruction step leads to a representation of the acquired domain. The main limitation of these methods is that they rely on a continuous domain modeling wheareas they compute in a finite domain. The resulting discretization step sparks off errors in obtained images. Moreover, the acquisition step is not performed ideally and may be corrupted by artifacts and noises. Many direct or iterative methods have been developped to try to reduce errors and to give a better representative image of reality. An overview of these reconstructions is proposed and it is enriched with a study on quality, precision and noise robustness.\\Since the discretization is one of the major limitations, we try to adjust discrete methods for the reconstruction of real data. These methods are accurate in a finite domain but are not suitable for real acquisition, especially because of their error sensitivity. Therefore, we propose a link between the two worlds and we develop new discrete and noise robust methods. Finally, we are interesting in the missing data problem, i.e. when the acquisition is not uniform around the object, giving deformations into reconstructed images. Since discrete reconstructions are insensitive to this effect, we propose a primer solution using the tools developed previously
Abdmouleh, Fatma. "Reconstitution tomographique de propriétés qualitatives et quantitatives d'images." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01011954.
Повний текст джерелаMillardet, Maël. "Amélioration de la quantification des images TEP à l'yttrium 90." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2022. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03871632.
Повний текст джерелаYttrium-90 PET imaging is becoming increasingly popular. However, the probability that decay of a yttrium-90 nucleus will lead to the emission of a positron is only 3.2 × 10-5, and the reconstructed images are therefore characterised by a high level of noise, as well as a positive bias in low activity regions. To correct these problems, classical methods use penalised algorithms or allow negative values in the image. However, a study comparing and combining these different methods in the specific context of yttrium-90 was still missing at the beginning of this thesis. This thesis, therefore, aims to fill this gap. Unfortunately, the methods allowing negative values cannot be used directly in a dosimetric study. Therefore, this thesis starts by proposing a new method of post-processing the images, aiming to remove the negative values while keeping the average values as locally as possible. A complete multi-objective analysis of these different methods is then proposed. This thesis ends by laying the foundations of what could become an algorithm providing a set of adequate reconstruction hyper parameters from sinograms alone
Vallot, Delphine. "Reconstruction adaptative optimisée pour la quantification en tomographie de positons couplée à un tomodensitomètre." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30188.
Повний текст джерелаThis study was initiated to evaluate an iterative reconstruction algorithm in positron emission tomography based on a regularization method to obtain convergence. Our aim was to assess its performance, in comparison with other currently available algorithms and to study the impact of the only parameter available to users for eventual optimization, both using anthropomorphic phantoms and clinical data. We confirm that this algorithm shows several advantages compared to the traditional OSEM-MLEM concerning noise, contrast and detectability. By using anthropomorphic phantoms and with access to more reconstruction parameters, the performance could be further improved to decrease the artefacts and the overestimation of certain metrics. Work in progress
Laurent, Christophe. "Adéquation algorithmes et architectures parallèles pour la reconstruction 3D en tomographie X." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004999.
Повний текст джерелаFranchois, Ann. "Contribution a la tomographie microonde : algorithmes de reconstruction quantitative et verifications experimentales." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112234.
Повний текст джерелаDefontaine-Caritu, Marielle. "Reconstruction optique de tomographies : application à la tomographie ultrasonore en réflexion." Compiègne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995COMPD814.
Повний текст джерелаIsrael-Jost, Vincent. "Optimisation de la reconstruction en tomographie d'émission monophotonique avec colimateur sténopé." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/ISRAEL-JOST_Vincent_2006.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаIn SPECT small animal imaging, it is highly recommended to accurately model the response of the detector in order to improve the low spatial resolution. The volume to reconstruct is thus obtained both by backprojecting and deconvolving the projections. We chose iterative methods, which permit one to solve the inverse problem independently from the model's complexity. We describe in this work a gaussian model of point spread function (PSF) whose position, width and maximum are computed according to physical and geometrical parameters. Then we use the rotation symmetry to replace the computation of P projection operators, each one corresponding to one position of the detector around the object, by the computation of only one of them. This is achieved by choosing an appropriate polar discretization, for which we control the angular density of voxels to avoid oversampling the center of the field of view. Finally, we propose a new family of algorithms, the so-called frequency adapted algorithms, which enable to optimize the reconstruction of a given band in the frequency domain on both the speed of convergence and the quality of the image
Israel-Jost, Vincent Sonnendrücker Eric Constantinesco André. "Optimisation de la reconstruction en tomographie d'émission monophotonique avec colimateur sténopé." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2007. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/698/01/israel-jost2006.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаCharbonnier, Pierre. "Reconstruction d'image : régularisation avec prise en compte des discontinuités." Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE4763.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with regularized image reconstruction. We seek images consisting of smooth regions separated by sharp edges, or discontinuities. This is called edge-preserving regularization. The reconstructed image is found by minimizing an objective function, which we call criterion. Firstly, we propose sufficient conditions for the design of an edge-preserving objective function. Then, we show that, under these conditions, it is possible to transform the criterion by introducing an auxiliary vairable, which interacts with the main variable either in an additive or in a multiplicative way. The role of the auxiliary variable is twofold: it marks discontinuities and facilitates the optimization of the criterion. The augmented objective function is quadratic with respect to the main variable when the auxiliary variable is fixed, and convex with respect to the auxiliary variable when the main variable is fixed. Moreover, in the last case, we give the expression of the optimal value of the auxiliary variable. Secondly, we exploit the properties of such a half-quadratic regularization to design new reconstruction algorithms. Our optimization strategy is based on alternated minimizations with respect to the auxiliary and the main variable. This leads to two progessive discontinuity introduction algorithms: ARTU and LEGEND. We propose a theoretical and practical study of these algorithms. We apply them to tomographic reconstruction. ARTUR and LEGEND offer a good trade-off between compuation time and image quality. However, huge linear systems have to be solved. We propose, as a perspective, a means of reducing the volume of information involved for reconstruction. Thereby, greater image dimensions can be envisionned
Bouaoune, Yasmina. "Développement d'algorithmes de reconstruction d'images pour la réalisation d'un système numérique de radiographie rotationnelle panoramique dentaire." Paris 12, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA120024.
Повний текст джерелаTairi, Souhil. "Développement de méthodes itératives pour la reconstruction en tomographie spectrale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0160/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn recent years, hybrid pixel detectors have paved the way for the development of spectral X ray tomography or spectral tomography (CT). Spectral CT provides more information about the internal structure of the object compared to conventional absorption CT. One of its objectives in medical imaging is to obtain images of components of interest in an object, such as biological markers called contrast agents (iodine, barium, etc.).The state of the art of simultaneous reconstruction and separation of spectral CT data methods remains to this day limited. Existing reconstruction approaches are limited in their performance and often do not take into account the complexity of the acquisition model.The main objective of this thesis work is to propose better quality reconstruction approaches that take into account the complexity of the model in order to improve the quality of the reconstructed images. Our contribution considers the non-linear polychromatic model of the X-ray beam and combines it with an earlier model on the components of the object to be reconstructed. The problem thus obtained is an inverse, non-convex and misplaced problem of very large dimensions.To solve it, we propose a proximal algorithmwith variable metrics. Promising results are shown on real data. They show that the proposed approach allows good separation and reconstruction despite the presence of noise (Gaussian or Poisson). Compared to existing approaches, the proposed approach has advantages over the speed of convergence
Ben, Salah Riadh. "Élaboration d'une méthode tomographique de reconstruction 3D en vélocimétrie par image de particules basée sur les processus ponctuels marqués." Thesis, Poitiers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015POIT2268/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe research work fulfilled in this thesis fit within the development of optical measurement techniques for fluid mechanics. They are particularly related to 3D particle volume reconstruction in order to infer their movement. This volumetric measurement technic, called Tomo-PIV has appeared on 2006 and has been the subject of several works to enhance the reconstruction, which represents one of the most important steps of this measurement technique. The proposed methods in Literature don't necessarily take into account the particular form of objects to reconstruct and they are not sufficiently robust to deal with noisy images. To deal with these challenges, we propose a tomographic reconstruction method, called (IOD-PVRMPP), and based on marked point processes. Our method allows solving the problem in a parsimonious way. It facilitates the introduction of prior knowledge and solves memory problem, which is inherent to voxel-based approaches. The reconstruction of a 3D particle set is obtained by minimizing an energy function, which defines the marked point process. To this aim, we use a simulated annealing algorithm based on Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) method. To speed up the convergence of the simulated annealing, we develop an initialization method, which provides the initial distribution of 3D particles based on the detection of 2D particles located in projection images. Finally, this method is applied to simulated fluid flow or real one produced in an open channel flow behind a turbulent grid. The results and the comparisons of this method with classical ones show the great interest of this parsimonious approach
Girard, Didier Laurent Pierre Jean. "Les méthodes de régularisation optimale et leurs applications en tomographie nouveaux algorithmes performants de reconstruction d'images /." S.l. : Université Grenoble 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00311758.
Повний текст джерелаRodet, Thomas. "Algorithmes rapides de reconstruction en tomographie par compression des calculs : application à la tomofluoroscopie 3D." Grenoble INPG, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPG0104.
Повний текст джерелаX-rays dynamic tomography is a method which is in strong progression over the last years. It consists in reconstructing a sequence of images rather than one static image. These dynamic data make it possible to study the time evolutions related either to the natural organs motion, or to the surgical instruments motion during image-guided interventional procedures. The tomographic reconstruction of data 4D (three space dimensions and temporal) requires a hundred GigaFLOPS (Floating Operation Per Seconde) when using a standard approach. This thesis proposes two original accelerated reconstruction methods aiming at reducing the number of operations of reconstruction. The first method consists in accelerating computations without theoretical loss of information (lossless approach). It is based on a decomposition in blocks of the Fourier transform of the image to be reconstructed. Acceleration is based on the reduction of the number of rétroprojections associated with each block. The second method allows an acceleration with a controlled loss of information (lossy approach). It is based on a hierarchical decomposition of the image using the wavelet transform. To accelerate computation we do not back-project the unsignificant wavelet coefficients. The support of the unsignificant values is determined by prediction of a structure (zerotree) which suppose that if a low frequency wavelet coefficient is unsignificant, then all the wavelet coefficients of the same localization of high frequencies are also unsignificant. We validated these approaches on simulated data. We reached comparable speed up factors in both cases (between 2 and 3). However, the lossy approach guarantees better a image quality
Israel-Jost, Vincent. "Optimisation de la reconstruction en tomographie d'émission monophotonique avec collimateur sténopé." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00112526.
Повний текст джерелаPour parvenir à des résultats exploitables, tant en terme de résolution spatiale que de temps de calcul chez le rat ou la souris, nous décrivons dans ce travail les choix de notre modélisation par une réponse impulsionnelle gaussienne, ajustée suivant des paramètres physiques et géométriques. Nous utilisons ensuite la symétrie de rotation inhérente au dispositif pour ramener le calcul de P opérateurs de projections au calcul d'un seul d'entre eux, par une discrétisation de l'espace compatible avec cette symétrie, tout en contrôlant la densité angulaire de voxels pour éviter un suréchantillonnage au centre du volume.
Enfin, nous proposons une nouvelle classe d'algorithmes adaptés à la fréquence qui permettent d'optimiser la reconstruction d'une gamme de fréquence spatiale donnée, évitant ainsi d'avoir à calculer de nombreuses itérations lorsque le spectre à reconstruire se retrouve surtout dans les hautes fréquences.
Simonnet, Richard. "Amélioration des algorithmes de reconstruction d'image pour la tomographie d'émission par collimation à trous larges et longs." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00594594.
Повний текст джерелаWeber, Loriane. "Iterative tomographic X-Ray phase reconstruction." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI085/document.
Повний текст джерелаPhase contrast imaging has been of growing interest in the biomedical field, since it provides an enhanced contrast compared to attenuation-based imaging. Actually, the phase shift of the incoming X-ray beam induced by an object can be up to three orders of magnitude higher than its attenuation, particularly for soft tissues in the imaging energy range. Phase contrast can be, among others existing techniques, achieved by letting a coherent X-ray beam freely propagate after the sample. In this case, the obtained and recorded signals can be modeled as Fresnel diffraction patterns. The challenge of quantitative phase imaging is to retrieve, from these diffraction patterns, both the attenuation and the phase information of the imaged object, quantities that are non-linearly entangled in the recorded signal. In this work we consider developments and applications of X-ray phase micro and nano-CT. First, we investigated the reconstruction of seeded bone scaffolds using sed multiple distance phase acquisitions. Phase retrieval is here performed using the mixed approach, based on a linearization of the contrast model, and followed by filtered-back projection. We implemented an automatic version of the phase reconstruction process, to allow for the reconstruction of large sets of samples. The method was applied to bone scaffold data in order to study the influence of different bone cells cultures on bone formation. Then, human bone samples were imaged using phase nano-CT, and the potential of phase nano-imaging to analyze the morphology of the lacuno-canalicular network is shown. We applied existing tools to further characterize the mineralization and the collagen orientation of these samples. Phase retrieval, however, is an ill-posed inverse problem. A general reconstruction method does not exist. Existing methods are either sensitive to low frequency noise, or put stringent requirements on the imaged object. Therefore, we considered the joint inverse problem of combining both phase retrieval and tomographic reconstruction. We proposed an innovative algorithm for this problem, which combines phase retrieval and tomographic reconstruction into a single iterative regularized loop, where a linear phase contrast model is coupled with an algebraic tomographic reconstruction algorithm. This algorithm is applied to numerical simulated data
Matenine, Dmitri. "Conception et évaluation d'un nouvel algorithme de reconstruction itérative en tomodensitométrie à faisceau conique implanté sur matériel graphique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28171.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis relates to the field of medical physics, in particular, three-dimensional (3D) imaging and 3D dosimetry for radiotherapy. The global purpose of the work was to design and evaluate a new fast iterative reconstruction algorithm for cone beam computed tomography (CT), an imaging technique used to create 3D maps of subject densities based on measurements of partial attenuation of a radiation beam. This algorithm was implemented for graphics processing units (GPU), a highly parallel computing platform, resulting in original optimization strategies. First, a new iterative regularized statistical method, dubbed OSC-TV, was designed and implemented for the GPU. It was evaluated on synthetic and clinical X ray cone beam CT data. The proposed algorithm yielded improved image quality in comparison with similar methods for low-dose acquisitions, as well as reconstruction times compatible with the clinical workflow. The main impact of this work is the capacity to reduce ionizing radiation dose to the patient by a factor of two to four, when compared to standard imaging protocols. Second, this algorithm was evaluated on experimental data from a cone beam optical tomography device, yielding one of the first studies of this kind. The spatial resolution of the resulting 3D images was improved, while the noise was reduced. The spectral properties of the light source were shown to be a key factor to take into consideration to ensure accurate density quantification. The main impact of the study was the demonstration of the superiority of iterative reconstruction for data affected by aberrations proper to cone beam optical tomography, resulting in a potential to improve 3D radiochromic gel dosimetry in radiotherapy. Third, different methods to handle an exact thin-ray system matrix were evaluated for the cone beam CT geometry. Using a GPU implementation, a fully pre-computed and stored system matrix yielded the fastest reconstructions, while being less flexible in terms of possible CT geometries, due to limited GPU memory capacity. On-the-fly ray-tracing was shown to be most flexible, while still yielding reasonable reconstruction times. Overall, the three studies resulted in the design and evaluation of the proposed reconstruction method for two tomographic modalities, as well as a comparison of the system matrix handling methods.
Fiani, Myriam. "Reconstruction 3D à partir d'un nombre limité de radiographies : application au contrôle non destructif des soudures." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112312.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with the 3D reconstruction of metal objects from a limited number of projections. The application is the nondestructive evaluation of welds from X-ray data. The information are few and of poor quality due to the in situ constraints and to constraints related to the type of objects and its faults. Reconstruction is then an ill-posed inverse problem. In order to obtain an accurate solution, it is regularised in the Bayesian framework. The selected estimator is the maximum a posteriori. It is also the value that minimises a penalised criterion. We make improvements to the existing method developed at EDF well suited particularly for the reconstruction of welds from radiographies. Modelling contribution involves original prior information concerning the object geometry, constraints of belonging to an interval. We also enhance modelling of the data by taking the blurring phenomenon into account. The 3D reconstructions we get using our method, from simulated and real data, validate these improvements. .
Kucharczak, Florentin. "Quantification en tomographie par émission de positons au moyen d'un algorithme itératif par intervalles. Contributions au diagnostic des démences neurodégénératives." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS048.
Повний текст джерелаPositron emission tomography (PET) is a nuclear imaging modality that has a prominent place in the neurodegenerative dementias diagnosis. After a reconstruction step, the most widely used radiopharmaceutical tracer, the 18F-FDG, provides a volume mapping of brain metabolism. The scintigraphic argument for dementia is based on the finding of a relative hypo-metabolism of one particular region of interest (ROI) to another, usually its contralateral symmetric. However, some case studies are very difficult to interpret with the naked eye, mainly at an early stage of the disease’s development. Until now, the development of (semi-)automatic tools for direct comparison of ROIs has been limited by the lack of statistical knowledge of the reconstructed data ; the main methods already developed preferring to use large databases to evaluate the reconstruction through a dissimilarity score compared to a group of control patients. In this thesis, we propose a new, fully integrated methodology, from reconstruction to assistance in the diagnosis of dementia. Based on the reconstruction of confidence intervals, the proposed approach allows 1/ direct access to information on the statistical variability of the data, 2/ reconstruction of qualitatively and quantitatively convincing images to facilitate the reading of the examination by the physician, 3/ provision of a risk score for the patient to be affected by a neurodegenerative dementia. The results obtained with the latter are comparable with tools validated in clinical routine, except that this method does not require any other information than PET acquisition data itself
Servieres, Myriam. "Reconstruction Tomographique Mojette." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00426920.
Повний текст джерелаServières, Myriam. "Reconstruction tomographique mojette." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2079.
Повний текст джерелаOne of the recherch field of in the Image and Videocommunication team is the discrete tomographic reconstruction. My PhD is in the field of the medical tomographic reconstruction. The Mojette transform is a discrete exact version of the Radon transform. The Radon transform is the mathematic tool that allows to perform a tomographic reconstruction. To evaluate the reconstruction quality we have used 2D simple numeric phantoms (round and square shape) without and with noise. The main point of my work is an object reconstruction with a backprojection exact fitrered Mojette algorithm without noise, using the discrete geometry. For a finite number of projections according to the object size, the reconstruction is exact. Most of industrials tomograph are using the FBP algorithm (Filtered Backprojection) to reconstruct the region of interest. We could implement a FBP Mojette algorithm. This algorithm is a part of the reconstruction algorithm methods. It was successfully tested in the presence of noise. This algorithm allows a continuous/discrete equivalence. The projection/backprojection Mojette has the property to be described by a Toeplitz bloc Toeplitz matrix. To use this property we have implement a congugate gradient algorithm
Paleo, Pierre. "Méthodes itératives pour la reconstruction tomographique régularisée." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT070/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn the last years, there have been a diversification of the tomography imaging technique for many applications. However, experimental constraints often lead to limited data - for example fast scans, or medical imaging where the radiation dose is a primary concern. The data limitation may come as a low signal to noise ratio, scarce views or a missing angle wedge.On the other hand, artefacts are detrimental to reconstruction quality.In these contexts, the standard techniques show their limitations.In this work, we explore how regularized tomographic reconstruction methods can handle these challenges.These methods treat the problem as an inverse problem, and the solution is generally found by the means of an optimization procedure.Implementing regularized reconstruction methods entails to both designing an appropriate regularization, and choosing the best optimization algorithm for the resulting problem.On the modelling part, we focus on three types of regularizers in an unified mathematical framework, along with their efficient implementation: Total Variation, Wavelets and dictionary-based reconstruction. On the algorithmic part, we study which state-of-the-art convex optimization algorithms are best fitted for the problem and parallel architectures (GPU), and propose a new algorithm for an increased convergence speed.We then show how the standard regularization models can be extended to take the usual artefacts into account, namely rings and local tomography artefacts. Notably, a novel quasi-exact local tomography reconstruction method is proposed
Banjak, Hussein. "X-ray computed tomography reconstruction on non-standard trajectories for robotized inspection." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI113/document.
Повний текст джерелаX-ray computed tomography (CT) is a powerful tool to characterize or localize inner flaws and to verify the geometric conformity of an object. In contrast to medical applications, the scanned object in non-destructive testing (NDT) might be very large and composed of high-attenuation materials and consequently the use of a standard circular trajectory for data acquisition would be impossible due to constraints in space. For this reason, the use of robotic arms is one of the acknowledged new trends in NDT since it allows more flexibility in acquisition trajectories and therefore could be used for 3D reconstruction of hardly accessible regions that might be a major limitation of classical CT systems. A robotic X-ray inspection platform has been installed at CEA LIST. The considered system integrates two robots that move the X-ray generator and detector. Among the new challenges brought by robotic CT, we focus in this thesis more particularly on the limited access viewpoint imposed by the setup where important constraints control the mechanical motion of the platform. The second major challenge is the truncation of projections that occur when only a field-of-view (FOV) of the object is viewed by the detector. Before performing real robotic inspections, we highly rely on CT simulations to evaluate the capability of the reconstruction algorithm corresponding to a defined scanning trajectory and data acquisition configuration. For this purpose, we use CIVA which is an advanced NDT simulation platform developed at CEA and that can provide a realistic model for radiographic acquisitions and is capable of simulating the projection data corresponding to a specific CT scene defined by the user. Thus, the main objective of this thesis is to develop analytical and iterative reconstruction algorithms adapted to nonstandard trajectories and to integrate these algorithms in CIVA software as plugins of reconstruction
Lagrange, Jean-Michel. "Reconstruction tomographique à partir d'un petit nombre de vues." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DENS0038.
Повний текст джерелаNguyen, Duy Thuy. "Développement d'algorithmes de reconstruction tomographique pour l'analyse PIXE d'échantillons biologiques." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00404564.
Повний текст джерелаSinoquet, Delphine. "Utilisation de modèles lisses pour l'inversion tomographique de données sismiques." Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA132005.
Повний текст джерелаDonner, Quentin. "Correction de l'atténuation et du rayonnement diffusé en tomographie d'émission à simples photons." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10155.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of single photon emission tomography is to compute a functional picture of an organ. This is done by administering to the patient a radiopharmaceutical which is fixing in the organ. Then, one computes the distribution of the radiopharmaceutical from the measurement of the emitted gamma-rays. However, an important part of these gamma-rays are interacting with the matter inside the body. The aim of this work is to take these interactions into account so as to reconstruct more accurately. .
Bonnet, Stéphane. "Approches multi résolution en reconstruction tomographique 3D : Application à l'angiographie cérébrale." Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAL0077.
Повний текст джерела3D rotational angiography (RA) is raising increasing interest for diagnostic in the field of endovascular treatment of intracranial Aneurysms. It brings to the physician valuable 3d information of the cerebral vascular 3D reconstruction of arterial vessels is Obtained via a cone-beam reconstruction algorithm applied onto a set of contrast-enhanced x-ray images. This thesis suggests new Tomographic reconstruction methods in order to access directly the Representation of a 3d object at different resolutions from its projections. The underlying idea is to apply image processing techniques in this intermediate space to increase both image quality and Computation time. In a first step, the natural relationship between wavelets and Computerized tomography is investigated for parallel beam geometry. It provides a rigorous mathematical framework where multiresolution Analysis can be considered. We present an original tomography Reconstruction algorithm satisfying either separable or quincunx Wavelet schemes. It has been validated on experimental data, acquired Using synchrotron radiation at the ESRF, Grenoble. The generalization of these reconstruction methods for divergent geometries (2d-3d) is then studied. The main difficulty consists in the direct computation of the radon transform from a divergent data set. Nevertheless, we propose an approximate multiresolution algorithm that makes full use of the particular acquisition geometry in 3D RA and of the special Choice of non separable wavelets. Simulations on mathematical phantoms allowed validating our algorithm and fixing its conditions of Use. Lastly, these multiresolution techniques were successfully applied to 3D rotational angiography. The feasibility of our Reconstruction method w as shown on clinical data, acquired at the Neurological hospital in Lyon. A fast low-resolution reconstruction of the 3D arterial vessels with the progressive addition of details in a Region of interest w as demonstrated
Ruan, Yi. "Imagerie numérique 3D par microscopie tomographique diffractive." Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECDM0003.
Повний текст джерелаAllali, Anthony. "Algorithme de reconstruction itératif pour tomographie optique diffuse avec mesures dans le domaine temporel." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8909.
Повний текст джерелаMichels, Yves. "Reconstruction tomographique d'objets déformables pour la cryo-microscopie électronique à particules isolées." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAD031/document.
Повний текст джерелаSingle particle cryo-electron microscopy is a technique that allows to estimate the 3D structure of biological complex. The construction of the 3D volume is performed by computerized tomography applied on a set of projection images from transmission electron microscope. Existing tomographic reconstructionalgorithms allow us to visualize molecular structure with a resolution around one angstrom. However the resolution is degraded when the molecules are deformable. This thesis contributes to the development of signal processing method in order to take into account the deformation information of the observed object for the ab initio tomographic reconstruction. The main contributions of this thesis are the estimation of projection parameters based on non-linear dimensionreduction, the false edges detection in neighborhood graphs to improve noise robustness of dimension reduction methods, and tomographic reconstruction based on a parametric model of the volume
Darcourt, Jacques. "Methodes de reconstruction tomographique a partir des projections : application a l'imagerie medicale." Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE4584.
Повний текст джерелаSrour, Ali Barles Guy. "Etudes de deux approches mathématiques complémentaires pour un problème de reconstruction tomographique." S. l. : S. n, 2008. http://theses.abes.fr/2008TOUR4016.
Повний текст джерелаSrour, Ali. "Etudes de deux approches mathématiques complémentaires pour un problème de reconstruction tomographique." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR4016/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis at hand is composed of four parts. The first of which is devoted to present our model of tomographic reconstruction. The second part treats a non-differentiable variational problem with a non-convex constraint the interior of which is empty for usual topologies. A numerical study of the above approach is elaborated in the third part. A numerical scheme is derived based upon our optimal system, the method of Uzawa and a gradient descent method. In the last part, we use a level-set approach to solve the front propagation problem. A second order Hamilton-Jacobi type equation with a non-local term comes into play. We prove the existence and uniqueness of a viscosity solution in both compact and non-compact fronts cases
HAMON, CHRISTIAN. "Reconstruction tomographique 3d a partir d'un nombre limite de projections. Application a la reconstruction vasculaire et osseuse." Rennes 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN10035.
Повний текст джерелаRouault-Pic, Sandrine. "Reconstruction en tomographie locale : introduction d'information à priori basse résolution." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005016.
Повний текст джерелаMohammad, Djafari Ali Asghar. "Synthèse de Fourier multivariables à maximum d'entropie : application à la reconstruction tomographique d'images." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112427.
Повний текст джерелаRinkel, Jean. "Correction du diffusé pour la reconstruction tomographique quantitative avec un capteur plan numérique." Grenoble 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10117.
Повний текст джерелаCone Bearn Computed Tomography has the advantage of mechanical simplicity in that full 3D information can be acquired by a single rotation of the source-detector system and used to obtain isotropic reconstructed volumes. However, detection is performed by a flat panel detector and one of the main drawbacks of such detectors is that the amount of scatter reaching them is much higher than that observed in fan beam systems. The scattered radiation induces artefacts that result in under-estimates of the attenuation coefficients in reconstructed images. The aim of this thesis is to develop data pre-processing and scatter correction methods to be used in quantitative three-dimensional imaging with a flat-panel detector and to evaluate these methods in a medical context. The first part of the study describes the experimental bench set-up and defines the protocol used to ensure that data acquisitions are reproducible. Next, pre-processing methods used to correct the artefacts due to the detector are described. These methods concern the correction of defective pixels, image darkness and the spatial non-uniformity of detector response. Original methods are also proposed to correct detector non-linearity and scattering, including X-ray scatter and optical diffusion within the detector. These methods are validated experimentally on thorax phantoms. The last part of the study proposes a new method to correct the scattered radiation generated within the examined object. The method is based on an estimation of the scattered radiation images associated with each tomographic angle of view. Estimation is performed by a calibration of scattering on reference objects combined with analytical modelling of the first-order scattering process. This method is validated on thorax phantoms in a configuration of the experimental bench that has no anti-scatter grid. An adaptation of the method using an anti-scatter grid is also proposed and evaluated experimentally
Mohammad-Djafari, Ali Asghar. "Synthèse de Fourier multivariables à maximum d'entropie application à la reconstruction tomographique d'images /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376080845.
Повний текст джерелаMascolo-Fortin, Julia. "Implantation d'un algorithme de reconstruction itératif 4D en tomodensitométrie à faisceau conique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27473.
Повний текст джерелаCone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is currently used to visualize patients directly in the treatment room. However, the respiratory movement is still hardly taken into account and new developments could improve the precision of treatment. To this end, obtaining a film imaging movements in the region of interest would be beneficial. This master’s thesis presents the development of a reconstruction algorithm for 4D CBCT which seeks to respond to particular clinical needs, namely sufficient image quality, clinical implementation simplicity and high computational speed. The developed 4D algorithm is based on the ordered subsets convex iterative algorithm combined with the total variation minimization regularization technique. This method was chosen for its fast execution time, enabled by the use of subsets and the parallelization on GPU, and for its capability to reduce streaking artifacts, common on 4D imaging, enabled by the total variation regularization. The method developed to reconstruct a 4D image from standard CBCT scans employed the Amsterdam Shroud algorithm to deduce respiratory movement of a CBCT projections’ set. Its validation was performed on a numerical phantom and on clinical datasets. Results demonstrate the potential of the algorithm, since an image with sufficient spatial and temporal resolution was reconstructed in less than 5 minutes. Such computational times can be compared favorably with other available methods and could allow for online applications.
Li, Kaiyun. "Algorithmes géométriques pour la reconstruction de formes." Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE4711.
Повний текст джерелаMajorel, Cynthia. "Reconstruction tomographique pour la quantification 3D en temp cérébrale : application à la neurotransmission dopaminergique." Toulouse 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU30065.
Повний текст джерелаNasr, Elie. "Méthodes hilbertiennes pour la correction d'atténuation en Tomographie d'Émission Monophotonique." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00602011.
Повний текст джерелаGac, Nicolas. "Adéquation Algorithme Architecture pour la reconstruction 3D en imagerie médicale TEP." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00330365.
Повний текст джерелаDans ce contexte, une architecture matérielle de rétroprojection 3D en Tomographie à Emission de Positons (TEP) est proposée. Afin de lever le verrou technologique constitué par la forte latence des mémoires externes de type SDRAM, la meilleure Adéquation Algorithme Architecture a été recherchée. Cette architecture a été implémentée sur un SoPC (System on Programmable Chip) et ses performances comparées à celles d'un PC, d'un serveur de calcul et d'une carte graphique. Associée à un module matériel de projection 3D, cette architecture permet de définir une paire matérielle de projection/rétroprojection et de constituer ainsi un système de reconstruction complet.
Vidal, Fabrice. "Calibrations et reconstruction tomographique en optique adaptative multi-objet pour l'astronomie : Application au démonstrateur CANARY." Phd thesis, Observatoire de Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00559962.
Повний текст джерелаVidal, Fabrice. "Calibrations et reconstruction tomographique en optique adaptative multi-objet pour l’astronomie : application au démonstrateur CANARY." Observatoire de Paris (1667-....), 2009. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00559962.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis took place in the framework of Eagle and particularly CANARY. The goal is to propose practical solutions on the 2 main points of MOAO : open loop and tomography reconstruction. First, deformable mirrors using different technologies have been tested in open loop. Calibration methods were developped and tested in laboratory. In a second time, the thesis consisted to develop a new tomography algorithm working in open loop that allows to measure the turbulence profile directly from the data of the instrument. This algorithm has also the advantage to calibrate the system. It has been tested and validated at the SESAME bench and in simulations. This algorithm will be tested on sky on CANARY MOAO demonstrator [summary's extract]
Al-Khalidi, Khaldoun. "Reconstruction tomographique en géométrie conique par la technique du maximum de vraisemblance : optimisation et parallélisation." Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BESA2009.
Повний текст джерелаRolland, Nicolas. "Reconstruction 3D des images de Sonde Atomique Tomographique : dynamique d'évolution de l'émetteur et biais associés." Normandie-Université, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUES063.
Повний текст джерелаAtom Probe Tomography is an analytical microscopy tool that provides a 3D image of the atoms in a sample. The technique covers a broad panel of material science applications, ranging from the analysis of a fine precipitates dispersion analysis in a matrix to the analysis of a complete single device of the microelectronics (e. G. Field effect transistor). The sample is a sharp needle with an extremity that is progressively eroded by field evaporation. During the analysis, the morphology of the sample is evolving continuously, producing some biases in the final image. A fundamental principle is highlighted to explain the sample morphology : throughout the field evaporation, the evaporation rate (i. E. Erosion rate) is a constant function over the whole surface. This in turn implies that the surface is continuously derivable and that the local mean curvature is constant over each surface phase of the sample, with a value proportional to the phase evaporation field. A numerical simulation model at the atomic scale is developed to assess the validity of the former rules. These geometric rules, in the case of stacked layers in the sample, explain the sample morphology evolution, and allow finally to obtain a better spatial resolution on the final image