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San, Roque Craig, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, of Health Humanities and Social Ecology Faculty, and School of Social Ecology. "Intoxication: facts about the black snake, songs about the cure : an exploration in inter cultural communication through the Sugarman Project." THESIS_FHHSE_SEL_SanRoque_C.xml, 1998. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/521.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This is a narrative of the Sugarman Project, a community project in Central Australia concerned with research into ancient Mediterranean and Greek traditions of alcohol use and abuse. The project was initiated as a response to a request from an Aboriginal man for a ‘story about alcohol’ which would fill a missing link in traditional Aboriginal conceptualisation of alcohol. The ‘story’ would have a role in indigenous treatment of alcohol abuse, put in a symbolic form consistent with oral teaching methods of indigenous custom. The project is centred around the development of an original performance script. The thesis describes the origin, context, development, rationale and implications of the project, especially with a view to considering the potential of the mythologem of Dionysos as a therapeutic paradigm in intercultural substance abuse work. Particular attention is given to the relationship between Aboriginal and European therapeutic practitioners and the use of myth, metaphor, symbolic function and specific Aboriginal ‘dreaming stories’ as a source and backup to therapeutic practice. Principal themes include the role of mythopoetic symbol formation in the development of thinking; reflections on the presence of theriomorphic serpentine imagery in the work; the role of stories as mental containers of therapeutic theory; reflections on the ‘milieu’ needed for implementing intercultural therapeutic procedures; examples of positive indigenous responses to alcohol work; preliminary notions on cross cultural transference communications; and reflections on primal states associated with alcohol intoxication. The conclusion is that the experience of developing a Western myth in concert with Aboriginal colleagues confirms the value of the initial, seminal suggestion that ‘dreaming stories’ have an authentic place in the repertoire of alcohol treatment and educationDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
2
Lo, Wan-sze Wendy, and 盧蘊詩. "Alcohol use and suicide attempts among adolescents." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46940698.
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King, Deena. "Alcohol Use and Religiosity Among College Students." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/938.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Alcohol use among college students is often in the news. Some scholars argue, with literature to support it, that problem drinking in college is just a media-driven myth (Lederman et al. 2004). Yet it is clear that college students do drink, some to excess. Various reasons are cited from alcohol availability to the "freedom" associated with this stage of life. However, very few researchers have attempted to determine whether religiosity affects alcohol use among college students. The purpose of this study was to further examine the combined issues of religiosity and alcohol use among college students. Is excessive use of alcohol during this time of life simply an adult transition issue, as Jackson et al. (2005) contend, or is there more to it? Research seems to point to the fact that religiosity plays a role. The primary hypothesis tested was that students who valued religious activities as part of their college experience would use alcohol less, including binge drinking, than those who did not. The second hypothesis tested was that students who valued parties and Greek life would use alcohol and binge more than students who did not. The data set used was constructed by the Harvard School of Public Health and included data from 120 four-year colleges and universities from throughout the United States. The analysis supported the hypothesis that religiosity was a factor in reduced alcohol use by college students. College students who valued religious activities drank less than those who did not. The study also supported the hypothesis that students who valued parties and Greek life drank more. The heaviest drinkers were those who valued parties. These results are highly significant given the size of the sample. No other study that looked at religiosity and alcohol use among college students used a sample this large. These results help us to better understand the negative association between religiosity and alcohol use among college students as well as the positive association between parties and alcohol use. They especially help us to formulate strategies that might be considered to alleviate problem drinking during this stage of life.
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Plested, Sushma. "Alcohol use among community dwelling older adults." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50176.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Alcohol use among community dwelling older adults is fast becoming a major health concern in Canada. It is fast becoming a major precursor for social dysfunction as many have experienced destructive relationships, financial despair, and social isolation. This population often falls victim to ageist views held by health care providers, delaying recognition and assistance in relation to alcohol misuse. Perhaps the most important gap is the lack of qualitative research that will study the experience of alcohol misuse in older adults from their perspective and try to understand their readiness for change.
This critical ethnography explored the attitudes, beliefs, behaviours, and experiences of alcohol use among community dwelling older adults within their social, cultural, or political context with an aim to elicit a change during the process. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with a total of eighteen individuals; 1) study participants (N=11) that were older adults and dwelled in an urban center in the Interior of British Columbia, and who used alcohol, and 2) key informants (N=7) who had extensive experience with substance use issues working in a variety of fields within the community. Audio-taped interviews were transcribed and analyzed. Using Carspecken’s framework of analysis, three main themes and thirteen subthemes were identified.
This study examined the role of environmental factors early in older adults’ life and their influence in forming beliefs, attitudes, and behaviours, related to alcohol use later in life. It examined the older adults’ drinking patterns, consequences of alcohol use, additional substance use, and barriers to seeking assistance.
Findings in this study indicated that early adverse life experiences increase the chances of alcohol misuse later in life. Adjunct use of other substances indicated the changing characteristics of this population and the potential increase in health care costs as baby boomers become a predominant faction of the older adult population. Results of the study indicated improved access to nursing services at the primary health care level, a change of physicians’ attitudes, increased resources, and community support would encourage this population to seek out help. These themes have implications for nursing practice, education, nursing administration, and further research.Applied Science, Faculty of
Nursing, School of
Graduate
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Cruz, Iris. "DECREASING ALCOHOL USE AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS BY CHALLENGING ALCOHOL EXPECTANCIES." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2798.
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Altering alcohol expectancies has reduced alcohol use among college students and may lead to successful prevention of alcohol use among high school students. We randomly assigned 379 12th-grade students to an expectancy challenge, traditional alcohol information, or control condition, and used Individual Differences Scaling to map expectancies into memory network format with Preference Mapping to model likely paths of association. After expectancy and traditional alcohol interventions, higher drinking male participants exhibited a greater likelihood to associate alcohol use with negative and sedating consequences and a decreased likelihood to associate alcohol with positive and arousing consequences. Drinking decreases paralleled the magnitude of changes in their likely path of expectancy activation. Children and adults who emphasize negative and sedating effects have been found to be less likely to use alcohol. Therefore, expectancy challenge interventions that have been successful at modifying expectancies and subsequently decreasing alcohol consumption among heavy drinking college students may be useful in the development of prevention curricula for high school students.Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
Sciences
Psychology
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Francis, J. M. "Epidemiology of alcohol use and alcohol use disorders (AUD) among young people in northern Tanzania." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2015. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/2374475/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Excessive alcohol use is a significant public health problem globally. Alcohol use typically begins in adolescence or early adult life, and effective prevention strategies focused on this age group are needed to avoid initiation of harmful drinking. The aims of this PhD are to understand the epidemiology of alcohol use and alcohol use disorders (AUD) in East Africa, to validate self-reported alcohol use among young people in Tanzania, and to use the findings to recommend strategies for the prevention or reduction of harmful alcohol use among young people. Specific objectives include (1) to systematically review the evidence on alcohol use among young people in eastern Africa; (2) to estimate the prevalence of alcohol use, AUD and associated risk factors among different groups of young-people in northern Tanzania; (3) to assess the validity of self-reported alcohol use against the blood biomarker phosphatidylethanol (PEth); and (4) to assess the validity of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview questionnaire (MINI) for the diagnosis of alcohol dependence against PEth, in Mwanza (northern Tanzania). The main findings are a high prevalence of reported alcohol use among diverse groups of young people in eastern Africa, especially among university students and sex workers, but that few studies used standardised alcohol screening questionnaires. In our survey of almost 2000 young people in northern Tanzania, the prevalence of reported alcohol use was higher among males (20-45% for current use) than females (12-47% for current use). Alcohol use was also associated with being in a relationship, greater disposable income, and a higher number of sexual partners. There were significant positive correlations between reported total alcohol intake and PEth concentration in males (Spearman correlation (rs)=0.65 among college students and rs=0.57 among casual labourers; p < 0.001). Self-reported alcohol use in the past month was also a sensitive marker of having a positive PEth result (overall sensitivity 89%, 95%CI 81-94%), and was similar in all groups. The MINI dependence criteria (positive responses to ≥3 questions) were met by 79/202 (39%) casual workers and college students. The high prevalence was mainly due to two non-specific questions (on tolerance and compulsion to drink). Both sensitivity and specificity of the MINI were low when compared to PEth, raising questions about the validity of the tool for this population. This thesis finds that alcohol use is a significant problem among young people in northern Tanzania, and the Timeline Followback calendar (TLFB) and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) are sensitive measures of alcohol use. Most affected groups are college students and casual labourers. These two groups need urgent interventions addressing both individual and societal risks to reduce hazardous/harmful alcohol use.
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Taylor, Jennifer Ellen Haddock C. Keith. "Alcohol use and misuse among Air Force recruits." Diss., UMK access, 2004.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Psychology. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2004."A dissertation in health psychology and psychology." Advisor: C. Keith Haddock. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Feb. 28, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-135). Online version of the print edition.
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Hogan, Lee M. "Relationships among alcohol use, emotion, motivation, and goals." Thesis, Bangor University, 2008. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/relationships-among-alcohol-use-emotion-motivation-and-goals(0e4b9237-5b51-4ed8-9c75-28a6bf355455).html.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of the thesis is twofold (a) to review the relationship between alcohol use and emotion regulation, and (b) to develop and evaluate a newly designed questionnaire calIed the Brief Aspirations and Concerns in Life Inventory (BACLI) for measuring the structure of an individuals motivation for obtaining their life goals. First, this thesis presents a review of alcohol's roles in regulating emotions. This review paper proposes an integration of Cox and Klinger's (1988, 1990,2004) motivational model of alcohol use and Gross and Thompson's (2007) model of emotion regulation strategies. It aims to further the understanding of alcohol's role in regulating emotions. Tentative conclusions are made that alcohol can be used to enhance some emotion regulation strategies, albeit in many cases maladaptively. The empirical paper compares the outcomes and relationships between the BACLI questionnaire and a well-established and comprehensive Personal Concerns Inventory (PCI; Cox & Klinger, 2000). It also examines the relationship between other motivational and emotional variables and alcohol use and problems. The BACLI provided a good alternative to the PCI. In line with previous research, motivational variables were predictive of alcohol use and problems. Difficulties with emotion regulation also predicted greater drinking problems. Finally, these papers are discussed in terms of their implications for clinical psychology.
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Taylor, Angela D. (Angela Denise). "Relationships among and Between Alcohol Consuption Rates, Alcohol Expectancies, and Early Recollections among Three Groups of College Males." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278278/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Extensive documentation exists which firmly establishes the high use rates and disastrous consequences of alcohol consumption by university students. Use rates for this population have been linked to attitudes toward alcohol consumption, especially alcohol expectancies. Research to date on alcohol expectancies has shown differences in expectancies among various groups. However much of this research has been conducted without a theoretical basis, accomplishing little in explaining how beliefs and drinking behavior are related. The investigation was designed to explore the relationships among and between early recollections and alcohol expectancies and to explore how the contents of early recollections function in relation to expectancies in terms of alcohol consumption patterns among three groups of college males (student-athletes, fraternity men, and independents). The content of individuals' early recollections was analyzed and compared to expectancies and consumption rates for each of the three groups. The study addressed seven hypotheses regarding alcohol consumption rate comparisons, comparisons of consequences experienced as a result of alcohol consumption, comparisons of alcohol expectancies, and comparisons of reported content of early recollections. Multiple regression analysis was utilized to test the extent to which select early recollections and alcohol expectancy scores contributed to the explained variance in alcohol consumption patterns.
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Weissman, Jessica. "Addressing Alcohol and Marijuana use Disparities among Latino Adolescents." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3699.
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In the early 1990s, a series of seminal research studies were published on substance use disorders among Latino adolescent males in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Expanding upon these studies, the aims of the present dissertation project were to (1) Determine whether the following adolescents’ and parents’ characteristics/cultural values are associated with current (past 30 days) or lifetime (ever) alcohol or marijuana use among Latino adolescents: sex, age, country of birth, GPA, family’s socio-economic status, living with both parents, mother’s highest level of education, father’s highest level of education, Familism Support, Familism Obligations, Familism Referents, Respect, Religion, Traditional Gender Roles, Independence and Self-Reliance; (2) Assess if recreational activities (sports participation, after-school activities and volunteering) moderate the association between Latino adolescents’ friends’ age, sex, and ethnicity and Latino adolescents’ current alcohol or marijuana use and; (3) Assess if recreational activities moderate the association between Latino adolescents’ perceptions of their friends’ alcohol or marijuana use and Latino adolescents’ current alcohol or marijuana use.
This cross-sectional dissertation study used survey data from 193 Latino adolescent males and females (15.7 ± 1.6 years old; 55.4% females, 44.6% males) in Miami-Dade County collected in 2016-2017. Analyses included t-tests, chi-square tests and logistic regressions.
Being born in the U.S. increased the risk of current alcohol use. Identifying more strongly with the cultural value religion decreased risk of current alcohol use and current marijuana use. Participants who reported having no close friends who use alcohol were less likely to currently (within past 30 days) use alcohol themselves when compared to participants who reported having at least one close friend who uses alcohol. The interaction between participation in sports activities and reporting having friends who use alcohol on outcome currently using alcohol was significant. Participants who reported having no close friends who use marijuana were less likely to currently use marijuana themselves.
Findings from this study suggest that factors contributing to substance use among Latino adolescents throughout the United States may be different than those which play a role among the unique Latino adolescent population in Miami-Dade County. This study further validated what has been shown in the general U.S. population: adolescents who perceive their friends to be using alcohol or marijuana are more likely to use alcohol or marijuana, respectively, themselves. Further research is suggested to determine the role of recreational activities in alcohol and marijuana use among Latino adolescents.
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Kanaparthi, Ananth. "Relations Between Acculturation And Alcohol Use Among International Students." FIU Digital Commons, 2009. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/133.
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In the current study, 226 international students attending Florida International University responded to an Web-based questionnaire that assessed self-reported scores for: acculturation, acculturative stress, alcohol use patterns, perceived peer alcohol use, and perceived injunctive social norms for alcohol use. The purpose of the study was to evaluate structural relations among this set of variables using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) via AMOS 17.0. The results of SEM analyses documented acceptable fit of a model which hypothesized that relations between acculturation and alcohol use variables are mediated partially by acculturative stress, perceived peer alcohol use, and perceived injunctive social norms. While significant path coefficients were documented for paths between (a) acculturation and acculturative stress and (b) acculturative stress and alcohol use, the coefficients had negative signs, contrary to existing studies investigating these relations among immigrant youth. While paths between (a) perceived peer alcohol use or (b) perceived injunctive social norms and participants’ alcohol use were significant, path coefficients between acculturation and either (a) perceived peer alcohol use or (b) perceived injunctive social norms were not statistically significant. In addition, multiple-group comparisons suggested that social support had a significant moderating influence on several significant paths in the structural model. Specifically, international students reporting higher social support reported lower scores for acculturative stress and alcohol use, in contrast to their counterparts who reported lower scores for social support.
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Karakas, Ozge. "Psychological Correlates Of Tobacco, Alcohol And Drug Use Among Adolescents." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607455/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PSYCHOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF TOBACCO, ALCOHOL AND DRUG USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS
KarakaS, Özge M.S., Department of Psychology Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Belgin AyvaSik July 2006, 130 pages The aim of the present study was to identify sociodemographic and psychological correlates of adolescent tobacco, alcohol and drug use. Participants were 854 high school students (485 girls, 369 boys) aged between 14-18. Participants were administered a Demographic Information Form, Arnett Inventory of Sensation Seeking, seven subscales of Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI) and Tobacco, Alcohol and Drug Use Questionnaire. Twelve point two percent of the students reported cigarette use, 23.5 % reported alcohol use and 2.3 % reported illicit drug use at least once in their lives. Independent Samples t-test Analysis revealed that smokers received higher scores than non-smokers on sensation seeking, psychiatric disorder, behavior patterns, school performance / adjustment, peer relations, family system and leisure subscales of DUSI but there was not a significant difference between smokers and non-smokers in terms of social competency. Also, it was found that both alcohol users scored higher than non-users on sensation seeking, psychiatric disorder, behavior patterns, school performance / adjustment, peer relations, family system but there was not a significant difference between alcohol users and non-users in terms of scores on leisure and social competency. Drug users scored significantly higher than randomly selected non-users on sensation seeking, behavior patterns and peer relations scales. Logistic regression analysis revealed that adolescent smoking was predicted by gender, age, G.P.A., place of birth, peer smoking, behavior patterns, social competency, school problems and family relations. Besides, alcohol use was predicted by gender, age, number of siblings, maternal education, peer smoking, peer alcohol use, social competency, school performance / adjustment and family relations. Findings are discussed within the context of the relevant literature.
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Erbe, Ryan G. "Spirituality and its relationship to alcohol use among college students." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1319222.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The problem of the study was to investigate the relationship between college students' spirituality levels and their alcohol use. Using a 56-item questionnaire modified from three other instruments, a convenience sample of 438 undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory Health Science course at Ball State University voluntarily completed the questionnaire in Spring semester 2005. Bivariate correlations indicated a statistically significant relationship between lower levels of alcohol use and higher levels of spirituality. Additionally, a statistically significant difference was found in the level of spirituality between males and females, Christians and Non-Christians, as well as in the drinking levels between students younger than 21 years of age and students 21 years of age and older. Results of this study conclude that the more spiritual college students are, the less likely they are to participate in unhealthy drinking behaviors. Based upon the findings and within the limitations of they study, spirituality seems to serve as a protective factor against alcohol use.Department of Physiology and Health Science
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Rose, John Donald. "The Relationship between Tobacco, Alcohol, and Marijuana Use among Teenagers." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2171.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use among teenagers. This study examined three research questions: (1) Is there a relationship between demographic characteristics (i.e., sex and race), the attitudinal variable (attachment to family), and the admitted use of marijuana, alcohol, and tobacco among teenagers? (2) Is there a relationship between the use of marijuana by teenagers and the use of tobacco by teenagers? (3) Is there a relationship between the use of marijuana by teenagers and the use of alcohol by teenagers?
The data used for this paper were from the Evaluation of the Gang Resistance Education and Training Program research project (Esbensen, 2003). The analysis found that the frequency of teenage alcohol use had the strongest correlation with the use of marijuana. The frequency of teenage tobacco use was also found to have a significant correlation to marijuana use.
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Olivier, Jan Hendrik. "A profile on alcohol consumption among South African dentists a dentist's perspective /." Pretoria :[s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05312009-003531.
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Ehrhart, Ian James. "Alcohol Expectancies and Self-Efficacy as Moderators of Social Anxiety and Alcohol Use Among College Students." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Social anxiety is widely thought to be positively associated with alcohol use. However, these studies rely primarily on self-report of drinking behavior. This research aimed to further explore this research by assessing blood alcohol concentration (BAC), a physiological measure of alcohol intoxication, as the dependent measure in naturalistic settings (i.e., fraternity parties). Results from Study 1 suggest a weak relationship between self-reported anxiety levels and BAC. Study 2 was based on Burke and Stephenâ s (1999) proposed social cognitive model in which alcohol expectancies and drink-refusal self-efficacy act as moderators of the relationship between dispositional social anxiety and alcohol consumption. Analyses (n=86) did not support a relationship between social anxiety and alcohol use, nor the moderating effects of alcohol expectancies and drink-refusal self-efficacy. Implications for this type of research and possible future directions are discussed.Master of Science
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Watson, Jack Borden. "Alcohol Use among the Elderly in Edmonton, Alberta: a Multivariate Analysis." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331581/.
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A model of social stressor variables, social integration variables and demographic control variables was tested to assess their impact on alcohol use among the elderly. A secondary analysis of a survey on alcohol use among the elderly in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, was conducted to test the major hypotheses of the study. Contingency table analysis, using gamma and partial gamma as correlation coefficients, was utilized in the data analysis. The first hypothesis, in regard to the positive relationship of social stressors with alcohol use, was confirmed. The best predictors of alcohol use among the social stressor variables were usual occupation, length of retirement, annual income, and subjective health status. The second hypothesis, that the social integration variables would be negatively related to alcohol use, received only moderate support. The results of the analysis indicated that six of the ten social integration variables were negatively related to alcohol use. Only three of these variables, retirement status, religious participation, and marital status, were statistically significant. Hypothesis three also was not confirmed. The introduction of the social integration variables did not substantially decrease the strength of the relationship between social stressors and alcohol use. Gender and age were also introduced as control variables for the relationship between social stressors and alcohol use. Age had only a limited impact on the zero-order relationships. Gender demonstrated a strong relationship with alcohol use. Statistical analyses indicated that gender was the strongest predictor of alcohol use of all the variables in the analysis. The nature of the zero-order relationships of four of the six stressor variables changed when gender was controlled, and the partial relationships decreased in strength. It was suggested that future research on alcohol use among the elderly should focus on gender differences.
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Collier, Benjamin Lee. "DOES OPTIMISM EXPLAIN HOW RELIGIOUSNESS AFFECTS ALCOHOL USE AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS?" UKnowledge, 2006. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/398.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Alcohol use, because of its many negative consequences, is the number one health problem facing college students. Because of this, researchers have looked for factors associated with reduced drinking. Religiousness is one such factor. Religiousness is a complex, multidimensional construct, and while it tends to be negatively associated with alcohol use, research progress has been slow due to the tendency of researchers to poorly operationalize this construct and to design studies that fail to go beyond the bivariate relationship of religiousness and alcohol use. In order to address these shortcomings, this study will assess two dimensions of religiousness, religious commitment/motivation and religious consequences, and will test a model, presented by Koenig et al., (2001), that postulates religiousness works through mental health in order to reduce alcohol use. More specifically, this study will test optimism as a possible mediator and moderator of the relationship between religiousness and alcohol use. This study used archival data from 260 (202 female and 58 male) Caucasian, Christian, undergraduate college students who completed a battery of surveys that included measures of religiousness, optimism, and alcohol use. A factor analysis was conducted on one measure of religiousness, the short form of the Faith Maturity Scale. Also, optimism was tested as both a mediator and a moderator for both dimensions of religiousness in predicting alcohol use. Findings indicated optimism is not a significant mediator of the religiousness-alcohol use relationship because optimism did not meet the preconditions for a mediator as it was not associated with alcohol use in this sample. Also, optimism was not a significant moderator of religious commitment/motivation, but it did moderate the relationship of religious consequences and alcohol use. Finally, the two dimensions of religiousness interacted in predicting alcohol use. While both dimensions of religiousness were negatively associated with alcohol use throughout the findings, gender was a significant moderator in all significant interactions. Several implications follow from this study. First, greater specificity is needed regarding Koenig et al.s (2001) model specifically in regards to which third variables are associated with which health outcomes and to whom the model applies. Second, this study highlights the importance of a multidimensional assessment of religiousness. Finally, this study indicates specificity is needed regarding what religious interventions will be helpful for which genders.
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Alinsaif, Ahmed. "A study of psychosocial factors influencing alcohol use among Saudi Arabians." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2012. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/275.
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Alcohol use and abuse are prevalent in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), and there are many social and psychological factors that lead to this dilemma. The majority of alcohol users in KSA are at risk for alcohol abuse as well as developing social, psychological, and physical problems. The focus of this cross-sectional study is psychosocial factors that cause alcohol use and abuse in KSA, as well as examining sociodemographic characteristics in order to determine the susceptibility of Saudi Arabians to use alcohol based on their characteristics. The study is designed to identify the non-separable relationship between certain social and psychological factors that influence alcohol use among Saudi Arabians (SA). However, there is no statistically significant relationship between the variables based on a 0.05 level of probability between the variables. Nonetheless, the findings of this study can be utilized by social workers to address the issues and the need for intervention strategies to manage this issue among Saudi population. Theoretical approaches should be used in education, prevention, and treatment of alcohol use among SA.
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Battle, Alicia Lynette. "Examining Alcohol Use, Perceptions and Attitudes Among African American College Students." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1124.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
College student use of alcohol is the number one health problem facing this population. For African American college students the problems associated with alcohol use can have far reaching implications associated with graduation rates, socioeconomic station within the community, as well as health status. There are a myriad of factors to consider when examining alcohol use among African American colleges students. These include living arrangement, classification, age, gender, cumulative grade point average, Greek-letter organization affiliation as well as whether or not the student participates in athletics. This research sought to examine alcohol use, perceived norms and attitudes held by African American college students. Results determined that African American college students who consume alcohol when compared to those who do not consume alcohol share similar overall attitudes and perceptions regarding use. The students in this sample held perceptions of alcohol use comparable to students in predominantly Caucasian national samples. Additionally, results showed that African American college student drinkers perceived that students affiliated with sororities and fraternities consumed more alcohol than non-Greek affiliated students. Furthermore, linear regression analyses indicated that participation in athletics, classification, gender and living arrangement were predictors for alcohol use.
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Kelly, Jane Frances. "Social representations of alcohol use among women who drank while pregnant." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13692.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Despite the fact that some of the highest rates of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) in the world have been reported in the Western Cape of South Africa, little research looks at the experiences of pregnant women who consume alcohol and what influences their alcohol use. Gaining insight into the social, psychological and contextual processes that contribute to risky drinking during pregnancy will help in guiding interventions that aim to prevent prenatal alcohol use, thereby preventing the occurrence of FASDs. Using both social representation theory and a discourse analytic approach, fourteen narrative episodic interviews were conducted in a Western Cape community with women who consumed alcohol during their pregnancy, and two focus group discussions with 13 members of the pregnant women’s community. Data collection aimed to elicit how these women and community members constructed and made sense of alcohol use. The interview and focus group data was analysed using thematic decomposition analysis. Alcohol use was represented by many participants as a social activity which was heavily influenced by their peers. Implicit in this representation was the notion that heavy drinking was a norm within this study community and offered one of the only ways in which to socialise. However, some participants also represented alcohol use as an individualised activity by constructing a clear boundary between drinking socially with friends and drinking to become inebriated. Although drinking during pregnancy was represented as a stigmatised activity, it was also understood by the pregnant women and community members as a way of dealing and coping with difficult domestic problems, such as infidelity. Furthermore, it was also represented as contributing to problems in the participants’ lives as well as unwanted changes in their behaviour. For some interview participants the problems they faced, reservations they held about their pregnancy and becoming a mother, and the social nature of drinking in their community may have inhibited their ability to stop drinking during their pregnancy. For other participants access to some form of social support, a level of responsibility-taking and a desire to protect the fetus from harm as well as care for and look after their children seemed to contribute to their ability to give up drinking while pregnant. Future interventions should take the social context of alcohol use into account, and rather than ignoring it – as most interventions do – use it to not only shift the social norms that surround heavy alcohol use, but also to support pregnant women to stop drinking. Prevention and intervention initiatives should also take a non-judgemental and supportive approach that focuses on capitalising on the moment of pregnancy and on teaching psychosocial skills that enable pregnant women to manage their problems effectively.
22
Sivasithamparam, Janani. "Evaluation of the expectancy challenge alcohol literacy curriculum (ECALC) for reducing alcohol use among high school students." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5037.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Alcohol use is the single most alarming behavior among youth in the United States. Adolescents especially are at risk for increases in heavy episodic drinking and drunkenness leading to alcohol-related problems such as academic failure, interpersonal violence, risky sexual behavior and death. In an effort to address this endemic issue, a number of alcohol use prevention programs have been developed and are currently implemented in the high school setting. Many of these programs, however, lack an empirical basis and have been unable to demonstrate significant reductions in alcohol use over time. The need for the development and dissemination of effective strategies to address adolescent drinking is evident. Recommendations for newly developing approaches encourage an emphasis on empirically-based content and easily implemented protocols. Expectancy challenge-based interventions have been identified by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism as having strong evidence supporting their effectiveness in reducing alcohol use among college students. Recent efforts to translate such programs into forms effective with high school adolescents have been met with mixed results. The focus of the present study was to modify, implement and evaluate the Expectancy Challenge Alcohol Literacy Curriculum (ECALC), a program currently validated for use with college populations, for high school adolescents. The single session, high school version of the ECALC was infused into the existing Health Education high school curriculum and implemented with those in the 9th through 12th grades. Measures of alcohol expectancies and alcohol use were completed anonymously by each participant before delivery of the program and for 30 days thereafter. Impact of the ECALC was compared to classes randomly assigned to an attention-matched control condition.; Findings revealed significant changes in alcohol expectancies and alcohol use reported by participants in the 11th and 12th grades following delivery of the ECALC. Changes were found across factor analytic and multidimensional scaling (MDS) statistical methods applied to the expectancy measure, as well as across measures of estimated intoxication and drinking quantity/frequency. Findings were consistent among both male and female participants. Reductions in alcohol use were not found among 9th and 10th grade participants, and expectancy changes were inconsistent. The assessment periods for baseline and follow-up were thirty days, which may reflect a limitation in that a longer follow-up may be more likely to capture significant behavioral changes over time. This study was the first to apply both factor analytic and MDS methods to analysis of the Comprehensive Effects of Alcohol questionnaire, with clear implications for expectancy measurement techniques likely to be most appropriate for capturing changes in expectancy activation patterns over time. Overall, this study represents an important advance in the development of an empirically-based and validated alcohol use prevention program effective for use with adolescents. In addition, the ECALC serves as a prevention program that is easily implemented in the high school setting, requiring only 50 minutes of class time, a classroom, and a motivated educator.ID: 029810259; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 217-231).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Psychology
Sciences
23
Walker, N. Robrina. "Examining the Relationships among General Coping, Alcohol-Specific Coping and Alcohol Use in a College Student Population." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37677.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The coping and alcohol literature indicates certain styles of coping are more protective against alcohol use than others. The purpose of the current study was to explore the associations among general coping styles, alcohol-specific coping skills, drinking to cope motives, and alcohol use in an effort to further examine their theoretical relationships. It was hypothesized that: (1) The relationship between problem-focused coping and alcohol use would be mediated by alcohol-specific coping, (2) Drinking to cope would mediate the relationship between avoidant emotion-focused coping and alcohol use, (3) The problem-focused coping facets of planning, active coping, suppression of competing activities, and restraint coping would contribute the most to the prediction of alcohol-specific coping skills, and (4) Intention to regulate drinking would moderate the relationship between problem-focused coping and alcohol-specific coping such that the relationship between the two would be stronger in individuals who have greater intentions of regulating their drinking.
College students (N = 327) completed several self-report measures that assessed their alcohol use, general coping styles, use of alcohol-specific coping strategies, and endorsement of drinking to cope motives for alcohol use. Analyses of fully latent variables were conducted using structural equation modeling techniques. Results suggested alcohol-specific coping skills partially mediated the association between problem-focused coping and alcohol use. An unexpected positive direct association between problem-focused coping and alcohol use emerged; post-hoc analyses suggested specific facets of problem-focused coping more clearly explain that finding. The hypothesized relationships between avoidant focused coping and alcohol use were not supported but avoidant coping was significantly associated with drinking to cope, consistent with the literature. Finally, the positive association between problem-focused coping and alcohol-specific coping skills was not moderated by intentions to regulate drinking. Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.Ph. D.
24
Jones, Mark Edward. "Comparing Dispositional and Episodic Assessment of Drug Use Motives among College Students: Prediction of Use and Use-Related Consequences." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26248.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The current study was conducted with a sample of 253 college undergraduates to extend the findings in the existing research on motivational models of alcohol and marijuana use. Specifically it was intended to evaluate the relative benefits of assessing motives for using these drugs during a specific episode rather than in the dispositional fashion utilized in virtually every existing study on the subject. Affect regulation aspects of the motivational model were further explored by measuring state (rather than trait) affect immediately preceding a use episode. A timeline follow-back method was used to identify the most recent use episode and to assess recent quantity of use and negative consequences in greater detail. The similarity of the types of motives derived from episodic assessment to those seen dispositionally lends further credence to the validity of DUM subtypes, their distinct pathways to use and related problems, and the affective-motivational model as a whole. Affective states (rather than just traits) played a significant role in the motives endorsed and outcomes. Previous findings on the direct effects of drinking to cope on the development of problems were confirmed on an episodic level. Finally, episodic assessment appeared to have some utility above and beyond that of dispositional assessment when examining specific episodes of use.Ph. D.
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Samoluk, Sarah. "The situational specificity of alcohol use among high-anxiety-sensitive young adults." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0025/NQ36568.pdf.
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Tasosa, Walter Dudzai. "Ethno-epidemiology of alcohol use among Zimbabwean migrants living in the UK." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2018. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/24082/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Title: Ethno-epidemiology of alcohol use among Zimbabwean migrants living in the United Kingdom Background: Despite the UK having a relatively long history of migration, very little is known about the relationship between alcohol use and migrants. With more than half of the increase in the UK population over the last decade a result of migration, understanding alcohol use in migrant communities provides an important platform for the formulation of health policies and interventions that suit the cultural diversity that is now prevalent in the UK. Purpose: This study explored attitudes, perceptions and beliefs related to alcohol use, based on the experiential and lived realities of Zimbabwean migrants who settled in UK from the 1990s because of the political and economic decline in Zimbabwe. This study also investigated the factors associated with increased alcohol intake in Zimbabwean migrants living in the UK. Method: The study utilized a mixed methods approach by applying a multi-sited focused ethnography, comprising 44 in-depth interviews and participant observations at three sites in the Yorkshire region of the UK. It explored themes emerging from narrated accounts of attitudes, motivations and beliefs shaping alcohol's meaning in UK based Zimbabwean migrants' lives. Findings from the focused ethnography were used as inputs to enhance a questionnaire that collected information on a broad cross section of Zimbabweans across the UK (n=331). The questionnaire measured alcohol intake using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Tool (AUDIT) along with questions on demographic, psychosocial and socio-economic attributes. Results: The findings describe the role of social identity and culture in shaping drinking patterns. The findings also describe the role of Zimbabwean public spaces and alcohol in protecting Zimbabweans from homesickness, isolation and alienation in an environment most perceived as hostile and unwelcoming. The risk of harmful drinking among Zimbabwean migrants was found to be high, particularly in males. High social capital and religious activity were found to be protective against the risk of harmful drinking, whilst being male and experiencing stress exposed Zimbabwean migrants to increased risk of harmful alcohol use. Conclusion: The findings represent an important contribution to our knowledge of the Zimbabwean diaspora in particular, and to the wider field of alcohol research in migrant populations. The thesis is distinctive in its use of focused ethnography, and demonstrates how mixed methods can be applied in alcohol research to develop culturally sensitive screening and brief interventions on emerging migrant populations. The findings may therefore contribute towards policy formulation and efforts to reduce the harmful use of alcohol by utilizing culturally specific intervention programmes that aim to address 'problematic' drinking patterns in the less understood and hard to reach migrant populations in the UK.
27
Li, Li. "Alcohol use among military personnel: an examination of demographic and sociological determinants." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43904.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this thesis was to examine the demographic characteristics and the drink-related determinants of alcohol use among U.S. military personnel. The data were obtained from The 1985 Worldwide Survey of Alcohol and Nonmedical Drug Use among Military Personnel which included 17,328 active duty military personnel. Analysis of Variance and Pearson r were used to examine the zero-order relationships among all independent and dependent variables in the study. Multiple Regression and Path Analysis were used to reveal the relationships between demographic and drink-related variables in predicting alcohol use.
Findings from bivariate analyses explored the zero-order relationships between alcohol use and demographic attributes as well as drink-related determinants. It was found that the following characteristics were more frequently associated with military personnel who used alcohol: male, black, younger, not living with a spouse, in lower military ranks and with lower educational attainment. Furthermore, personnel who were strongly influenced by their drinking peers, considered the positive personal benefits of alcohol use, had favorable attitudes toward alcohol use, and encountered more serious problem situations were found to exhibit higher levels of alcohol use.
Findings from multiple regressions and path analyses indicated that personal benefit was the most important determinant in predicting alcohol use. lt was found that the effects of problem situations on alcohol use were largely mediated by personal benefit. Moreover, peer influence not only directly affected alcohol use, but also mediated the effect of age on alcohol use. Surprisingly, it was found that normative definition toward alcohol use was not a good predictor of alcohol use. Both direct and mediating effects of normative definition on alcohol use were weak and negligible. Based on the findings of the study, implications for academic research on alcohol use were also discussed in the thesis.
Master of Science
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Stein, Amanda L. "Alcohol Use and Health Outcomes Among Women Victims of Intimate Partner Violence." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1276530524.
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Merianos, Ashley L. "Parent Factors and School Factors associated with Alcohol Use among Hispanic Youth." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1396453745.
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Finchum, Jodi A. "Parental Factors Associated with Recent Alcohol Use and Binge Drinking among Youth." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1407407027.
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Andrews, Donna. "Alcohol and drug awareness, attitudes and use among gifted and talented students /." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487849696967235.
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Kannai, Niby. "The Relationship between Spiritual Well-being and Alcohol Use among College Students." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1554120818716374.
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Jorstad-Stein, Ellen Cecilie. "Social anxiety and problematic alcohol use among college students: a longitudinal study." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/242465.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PsychologyPh.D.
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) and alcohol use disorders (AUDs; i.e., alcohol dependence, alcohol abuse) are highly prevalent and potentially debilitating. They also commonly co-occur, and when they do, their combined effect may be even more devastating. The onset of SAD most commonly precedes the onset of AUDs, suggesting that SAD may be a marker or risk factor for the onset of these other disorders. Previous research has not sufficiently examined the mechanisms involved in the development of AUDs, and longitudinal research is lacking. The current study examined mechanisms related to the development of AUDs among incoming college freshman students at two large universities in the United States. Incoming freshmen are at higher risk for developing symptoms consistent with SAD, particularly during their first semester, and they may be more likely to cope with their symptoms of anxiety by drinking alcohol. The current study aimed to explicate the relationship between social anxiety and alcohol consumption in college freshmen. Baseline data collection occurred late in the summer after registration for the Fall semester or early in the Fall semester. Follow-up data collection occurred later in the Fall semester. It was expected that social anxiety, the quantity and frequency of drinking alcohol (including frequency of intoxication), and alcohol-related problems would increase among the freshmen over the course of the fall semester. Additionally, several relationships among the variables being examined were hypothesized. Drinking motives, symptoms of depression, and quality of life were expected to mediate the relationship between social anxiety and the drinking outcome variables. In addition, expectancies about alcohol consumption were expected to moderate the mediated relationship. However, there were no increases in social anxiety, alcohol consumption, or alcohol-related problems between baseline and follow-up. There were few hypothesized relationships found, although there was a positive relationship between social anxiety and negative alcohol expectancies and a negative relationship between social anxiety and quality of life. Model testing generated one promising model in which the relationship of positive expectancies regarding alcohol use to alcohol use and problems was mediated by coping with anxiety drinking motives. In particular, the main effect of positive expectancies of alcohol and coping with anxiety drinking motives generated a medium effect whereas the other relationships generated small to medium effects. Clinical implications and limitations of the current study are discussed.
Temple University--Theses
34
Noganta, Nandi Manako. "Perspectives of communities on use of alcohol among children in rural areas." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1005631.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Globalisation raises hopes that communities will become self reliant through development success and thus become an integrated whole (Offiong 2001). But the creation of global village leads to fragmentation of communities, a loss of norms and local values. This study focuses on communities of the Eastern Cape Province, exploring the nature of and extent to which children use alcohol as a consequence of cultural rituals. The researcher aims to develop a culturally sensitive psycho-social approach to address alcohol use among children. The purpose of the research was to investigate the extent to which certain cultural practices contribute towards alcohol use among children in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. Thus exploring the nature and extent to which children use alcohol as a consequence of cultural rituals and to explore whether families and communities are aware of the impact of alcohol use by children in the community. The research was qualitative in nature and through semi-structured interview schedules the researcher was able to gain insight in the area of substance use amongst children in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. Community members, learners from schools, educators and probation officers formed part of the research sample. The research findings suggest that community members are aware that the traditional rituals that are carried out in the rural areas have been contributing to the issue of children using alcohol. However, the community members feel challenged as they become conflicted by their traditional rituals and this impacts upon children using alcohol.
35
Lee, Christine Mei Lan. "Alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences among first-year college students: An examination of intraindividual variability and the role of alcohol expectancies." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280107.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
While much of the attention focused on college alcohol use has been on the prevalence of heavy drinking and alcohol-related physical and behavioral harm, little is known about individual drinkers' experiences with alcohol, that is, their fluctuations in alcohol consumption and consequences over time. The present study used an intensive repeated measures within-person design to explore the extent to which intraindividual variation in the experience of alcohol-related consequences was a function of frequency of intoxication and the role alcohol expectancies played in those relationships. Across 10 consecutive weeks in one semester, 200 first-year college students completed weekly telephone interviews. Testing hypotheses based on harm reduction principles, hierarchical linear models were used to examine: (1) whether the concept of the point of diminished returns applied to first-year college students' alcohol use, and (2) whether there was an expectancy effect in the relationship between frequency of intoxication and the experience of alcohol-related consequences. Within-person (Level 1) analyses examined whether students' reports of heavy alcohol use were associated with a differential likelihood of experiencing positive and negative consequences compared to when moderate amounts of alcohol were consumed. Between-person (Level 2) analyses examined the extent to which within-person co-variation between alcohol use and consequences was moderated by alcohol expectancies. The results supported the general hypothesis of harm reduction, that negative consequences were minimized with low to moderate amounts of alcohol consumption. In contrast, positive consequences increased with more days of intoxication, not supporting the concept of the point of diminished returns in this population. Finally, an expectancy effect was found for moderate drinking weeks, but not for intoxicated drinking weeks. Students who felt it was more important to experience positive and to avoid experiencing negative consequences reported more positive and fewer negative consequences on weeks of moderate drinking. Discussion focuses on implications for harm reduction in general and programming targeted for the college population.
36
Gangemi, Bernadine M. "Corporal Punishment, Attachment, and Alcohol-Related Outcomes among College Students." Xavier University Psychology / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xupsy160071156480373.
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Furniss, Elizabeth. "A sobriety movement among the Shuswap Indians of Alkali Lake." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26816.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Twenty years ago the Shuswap Indian community of Alkali Lake was like many other reserve communities in the northern Interior of British Columbia, with life characterized by high levels of drinking, violence, suicide, accidental death, and child abuse and neglect. In 1973 this pattern of life was challenged by the newly-elected Band chief and his wife. Working as a team, and by drawing upon the powers of the Band Office and applying confrontational tactics, the two initiated an anti-alcohol campaign in the community. For three years the chief and his wife persisted, despite extreme hostility and occasional threats against their lives. In 1976 their efforts began to achieve success. By 1981 most adults on the reserve had become committed to a sober lifestyle, and by 1985 the reserve was essentially "dry".
This thesis traces the development of the recent events at Alkali Lake. To refer to these events the term "Sobriety movement" has been used. The movement is analyzed largely from a political processual point of view, with attention paid not to the underlying sources of "deprivation" or "stress" that may have generated the movement, but to the strategies and tactics utilized by the movement leaders to promote their cause. In this manner the resource mobilization approach to the study of social movements provides an analytical framework for this study.
Several factors are identified as key ingredients in the success of the Sobriety movement. First, the Band chief and his wife were able to use effectively the powers of the Band Office to impose economic sanctions on drinkers. Second, as community leaders they were able to solicit the aid of powerful outside agencies, namely the R.C.M.P. and the Ministry of Human Resources, to support them in their efforts. Third, the personal resources of the two leaders - their courage, strength and determination -were crucial to the movement's survival during its early years.
The success of the Sobriety movement can not be understood simply by looking at the leaders' actions. The social and cultural context within which they operated must also be considered. Three underlying and fundamentally important factors are identified: the pre-existence of a strong sense of community within the Alkali Lake village, the inherent readiness of the Alkali Lake people for new leadership and social change, and the use by the Band chief of a leadership tradition that permitted the application of strict punishment as a means of social control.Arts, Faculty of
Anthropology, Department of
Graduate
38
Evans, William. "Differences in Peer Perception of Alcohol Use, Personal Alcohol Use, and Levels of Intoxication Among Students at Virginia Commonwealth University from 2002 to 2004." VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2044.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study involves the examination of National Collegiate Health Assessment (NCHA) data collected by the VCU Wellness Resource Center. This study will compare trends in college student health behavior perceptions and personal activity regarding alcohol use, as self-reported via the NCHA data, with a particular focus on a comparison between 2002, which is the year that the Wellness Resource Center (then known as the Office of Health Promotion) first implemented an alcohol education campaign based upon a “social norms” theoretical framework, and 2004, after 18 months of intensive campaigning. Thus, the aim of the project is to examine the changes in student behavior regarding alcohol usage and student perceptions in the prevalence of alcohol usage, after two years of social norms-based campaigning, while controlling for factors such as sex and place of residence. The measures that are analyzed are based upon the number of alcoholic drinks that students reported imbibing during the last time they socialized and the number of alcohol drinks that the students reported to be what they considered the norm during such periods of socializing. This data is supplemented by a calculation of blood alcohol concentration (BAC), acquired through use of personal information that students reported on the NCHA, in order to more accurately describe student drinking behaviors.
39
Gurbuz, Suheyl. "The Role of Family in Alcohol Consumption Among Turkish Adolescents." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc822734/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Alcohol consumption among adolescents is an important issue because of its link to many negative social and health problems, including depression, suicide, and aggression. Drawing from Hirschi’s social bonding theory and Agnew’s general strain theory, this study examines the effects of family relations on alcohol consumption among Turkish adolescents. Social bonding theory suggests that individuals with stronger social bonds are less likely to use alcohol than individuals with weaker social bonds. General strain theory, on the other hand, proposes that individuals with higher levels of strain due to financial difficulties and/or negative relationships are more likely to consume alcohol compared to individuals with lower levels of strain. In particular, this study proposes to examine how parental attachment, parental monitoring, time spent with family, parents’ religiosity, family economic strain, and negative life events in the family predict alcohol consumption among adolescents in Turkey. 2008 Youth in Europe (YIE) project data is used in the study. In general, the results indicate that social bonding and strain factors have significant effects on the adolescents’ alcohol consumption patterns. These findings will help to inform prevention programs aimed at reducing adolescent alcohol risk behaviors by explaining the importance of family relationships.
40
MacKinnon, Dorene Frierson Henry T. "Moderators of the peer context of alcohol use among black and white adolescents." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,780.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 18, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Education (Educational, Psychology, Measurement, and Evaluation)." Discipline: Education; Department/School: Education.
41
Aaron, Lindsey Lee. "The influence of alcohol and drug use on one-night stands among adolescents." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
Знайти повний текст джерела
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McDowell, Margaret A. "The association of acculturation, social support, and alcohol use among Mexican American adults." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8106.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Public and Community Health. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Croff, Julie May Ketchie. "Brief intervention to reduce alcohol use among men who have sex with men." Diss., [La Jolla, Calif.] : [San Diego] : University of California, San Diego ; San Diego State University, 2010. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3397202.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego and San Diego State University, 2010.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed March 29, 2010). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 178-189).
44
Mercado-Cruz, Ruth N. "Self-perception of the activity and alcohol use among elderly Puerto Rican females." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1363.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Older women constitute a growing segment of Puerto Ricans and the U.S. population. A limited number of studies have examined the activity level in response to alcohol use in late life. Generally, older women present risks and benefits from alcohol use. Alcohol misuse may decrease health and in some cases, psychiatric symptoms may develop. However, some benefits are found in moderate alcohol consumption including improved physical function compared with nondrinkers (Blow & Barry, 2002). Since activity level may depend on factors such as health, functioning, emotional well-being, and perception of alcohol effects, these factors were then assessed in response to alcohol use in order to identify the degree of greater or lesser activity among elderly Puerto Rican females.
This study examined the activity level in response to alcohol use in a sample of elderly Puerto Rican females (N = 419) and investigated factors that influence the practice of alcohol consumption. The independent variable was daily and weekly consumption of alcohol. Five dependent variables were examined, which included self-rating of physical health and emotional well-being, self-perception of activity level, function, and perception of alcohol effects. After conducting MANOVA analyses, no significant association between activity level and alcohol use was found. In addition, regarding the negative and positive effects of alcohol, the researcher found that elderly females who drank heavily reported having alcohol-related problems compared to those who drank moderately who described their drinking behavior as positive. The MANOVA and ANOVA analyses determined a significant relationship between higher self-perception of functionality and moderate alcohol use, but the relationship between moderate alcohol use and physical health and emotional well-being was not significant.
Considering the increase of alcohol use in the older adult population, principally in the baby boomer generation, these findings are important not only to rehabilitation counseling professionals, but to many individuals in the helping professions, including educators and researchers. Rehabilitation counseling professionals should focus on initiatives to decrease and prevent alcohol misuse in the older adult population. Information revealed from this study will also contribute to knowledge of the cultural characteristics and psychosocial aspects of older Puerto Rican females regarding their alcohol use to promote better outcomes, as well as support literature in the area.
45
Lizarraga, DeeAnn Dawn. "Rumination and Self-Medication Among Women with Posttraumatic Stress and Alcohol Use Disorders." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Women with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often develop alcohol use disorders (AUD) resulting from the use of alcohol to self-medicate from negative affect. Research supports the relationship between comorbid PTSD and AUD, and studies with women additionally identify the role of rumination, or excessive thinking about distress and its causes, as a precipitating aspect leading to self-medication. Female-based data is sparse, however, regarding specific thought patterns and factors which trigger the need to self-medicate with alcohol. Numerous researchers have studied the relationship between stress, anxiety, and alcohol use, although, there exists a need for qualitative studies providing thick, rich information. Applying the self-medication model and rumination theory, the purpose of this study was to use a transcendental research framework as a lens to explore and describe the phenomenon of how women with comorbid PTSD and AUD make sense of their dual disorder. Qualitative data were gathered from in-depth interviews of 12 women who participated in Alcoholics Anonymous groups in a large Southeastern city. The women collectively described their lived experience with the phenomenon as an internally-focused strategy premised on the notion of a 'Higher Power.' They reported using this strategy to manage thoughts, feelings, and behaviors which triggered negative self-assessment and the need to self-medicate with alcohol. This research contributes to the literature by offering a more detailed understanding of comorbid PTSD and AUD. Positive social change can be achieved with a better understanding of the etiology of female trauma and the factors that trigger alcohol relapse in women with PTSD.
46
Åkesson, Christoffer. "Temporal trends and socioeconomic differences in alcohol use and drunkenness among Swedish adolescents." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-182633.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study examined temporal trends and socioeconomic differences in alcohol use and drunkenness among Swedish 15-year-old students between 2001/02 and 2017/18. Data were obtained from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study conducted in 2001/02, 2005/06, 2009/10, 2013/14 and 2017/18 (n ≈ 1500/year). Socioeconomic status (SES) was measured using two alternative indicators: educational aspirations and family affluence. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationships between drinking measures and SES indicators. The results showed a significant decline in alcohol use and drunkenness among Swedish 15-year-old students from 2001/02 to 2017/18. Educational aspirations almost consistently statistically negatively predicted regular alcohol use and drunkenness. Family affluence only had a weak effect on adolescent drinking behavior with a tendency for less affluent students reporting less alcohol use and drunkenness. Trend analyzes within the subgroups indicated that the downward trend was mirrored in all SES groups, but it was not equally steep in all groups. The decrease was generally weaker among students with lower educational aspirations but stronger among students from less affluent families. This study suggests that different aspects of SES may influence adolescent drinking in opposing directions. In future efforts aimed at reducing alcohol use and drunkenness among adolescents, students with lower educational aspirations should be the target population.
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Howell, Leah M. "Academic Identity Status and Alcohol Use Among College Students: A Mixed Methods Study." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1470044176.
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Diniaco, GeorgiAnn. "The relationship of family status and alcohol and other drug use among adolescents /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487933648649488.
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Victory, Eric. "Androgyny and Alcohol Use Among College Students: An Analysis of Heavy Episodic Drinking." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1524067592985058.
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Wineland, Courtney A. "An Exploration of Hookup Culture, Alcohol Use, and Sexual Health among College Students." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1525816225787974.
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