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1
Neamtiu, Iulia A., Tiberiu Cimpan, Jieqiong Zhou, Irina Schiopu, Mihai Surcel, and Shao Lin. "Monitoring and assessment of formaldehyde levels in residential areas from two cities in Romania." Reviews on Environmental Health 34, no. 3 (September 25, 2019): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2018-0089.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Formaldehyde has become a ubiquitous contaminant in the air, and people are exposed to it worldwide. However, few studies have evaluated the temporal-spatial levels/changes of formaldehyde exposure at residences, and the relationship between its outdoor and indoor levels has been rarely examined. The aim of this study was to assess community formaldehyde exposure in Sebes and Aiud, Romania to identify: (1) home environment characteristics that may play an important role in exposure; and understand: (2) if there were differences in formaldehyde levels between the two cities; (3) if there were temporal variations within each city; and (4) whether outdoor formaldehyde levels influence indoor levels. We simultaneously performed indoor and outdoor active air sampling for formaldehyde at each investigated residential location over a 3-year period and analyzed the samples by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The mean values of indoor and outdoor formaldehyde levels in both cities fell in the range 0.014–0.035 mg/m3. The correlation analysis indicated mostly positive but not significant (p > 0.05) correlations between indoor formaldehyde and microclimate factors (temperature, humidity, pressure). Notably, home insulation was found to be significantly correlated with increased indoor formaldehyde levels. There were no significant differences in mean indoor or outdoor formaldehyde levels between Sebes and Aiud over the 3-year study period. When comparing the formaldehyde levels in both cities over the 3-year period, only outdoor formaldehyde levels were significantly higher in 2016, as compared to those in 2017 and 2018.
2
Grigore, Monica. "The Aiud “Prison Saints.” History, Memory, and Lived Religion." Eurostudia 10, no. 1 (July 28, 2015): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1033881ar.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
After the fall of communism in 1989, Romania, as others countries from Central and Eastern Europe, had to deal with its recent past marked by two dictatorships, one on the extreme right, the other on the extreme left. However, it seems that the post-communist society is rather preoccupied by the consequences of the communist regime than the fascist one. As the anti-communist narrative has become mainstream since the beginning of the 2000s, the victims of communist prisons received more and more attention. Several voices asked for the canonization of those prisoners that distinguished themselves for their belief. The Aiud “prison saints” are part of this current. Their stories are not simple and neither is the history: some of those who died in communist prisons were affiliated to the extreme right in the 1930s and the 1940s. While the Orthodox Church avoids to discuss their canonization, the new “saints” became the object of a popular devotion, which gathers together not only believers, but also representatives of the Church and the civil society. This article explores what the devotion for “prison saints” represents in the lived religion. Following the pilgrims to Aiud monastery and narratives concerning the “prison saints,” it appears that their veneration is not “natural,” but rather the result of a construction. As it turns out, lived religion is a vehicle for values diverging from the official democratic discourse.
3
Chira, Carmen Mariana, Carlo Aroldi, Mirela Violetta Popa, Sergiu-Nicolae Șerban, Traian-Ioachim Suciu, and Raluca Bindiu-Haitonic. "BIOSTRATIGRAPHY (CALCAREOUS NANNOFOSSILS AND MOLLUSCS) OF THE PANNONIAN DEPOSITS FROM TRANSYLVANIA, ROMANIA (GUŞTERIŢA QUARRY – SIBIU)." Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae, no. 17 (2) (April 17, 2021): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35463/j.apr.2021.02.04.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Three sections from the upper Miocene (Pannonian) of the Guşteriţa quarry – Sibiu (the southern border of the Transylvanian Basin) were investigated in detail. The main part of the research was based on calcareous nannofossil analysis to which some aspects on molluscs and ostracods fauna, together with sedimentological remarks were added. The calcareous nannofossil assemblages from Guşteriţa quarry were compared with seven other previously analyzed sections from the western border of the Transylvanian Basin: Aiud area (Geoagiu, Gârbova, Gârboviţa, Lopadea exposures and Decea quarry) and Sibiu area (Vurpăr and Apoldu exposures). The Pannonian calcareous nannofossil assemblages are abundant at some levels and contain mostly species of the genera Isolithus and Noelaerhabdus.
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Popescu (Stegarus), Diana Ionela, Oana Romina Botoran, Roxana Elena Ionete, Daniela Sandru, Nicoleta Anca Sutan, and Violeta-Carolina Niculescu. "Highlighting the Terroir Influence on the Aromatic Profile of Two Romanian White Wines." Applied Sciences 14, no. 1 (December 19, 2023): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14010019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Climate conditions clearly influence the concentration of important substances in grapes, generating chemical reactions that will determine the final wine aromas. Three different regions were chosen to cover the most important viticultural areas from Romania. The aim of this study was to highlight, for the first time, the volatile profile for two Romanian white wines, Feteasca regala and Feteasca alba, from three different vineyards (Silagiu, Aiud, and Sarica Niculițel). The results showed that wine’s aromatic profile was directly proportional with the area of origin for the grapes, directly correlated to the climate. The obtained values for alcohols, esters, aldehydes, and terpenoid compounds were also related to the oenoclimatic aptitude index, a significant accumulation of aroma compounds being observed mainly for the Feteasca regala wine. A total of 17 superior alcohols were evidenced within the two types of wines, among them, 2-phenyl ethanol being distinguished by its higher level in all samples, varying from 7692 up to 11,783 µg/L. Together with some aromatic esters, it offers one of the most pleasant aromas, resembling rose flavour. Of all the acids found in wines, the succinic acid has the most intense flavour, tasting somehow bitter and salty, imprinting to wine a certain “juiciness” and “vinosity”. Diethyl succinate was one of the main esters in all six samples, with concentrations from 777 up to 1200 µg/L. Also, two terpenoid compounds and two aldehydes were found in all samples. The data obtained from PCA evaluation suggested that there is a significant variance among wine varieties. Nevertheless, hierarchical clustering was applied to explain the relationship between the six samples of wines, the smallest clusters that included Silagiu and Aiud winegrowing regions suggesting an increased similarity of the compositional profile.
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Árpád, Balla, and Pelok Benedek-György. "To the memory of Pápai Páriz Ferenc. The „Pax Corporis”, a home medical book for people." Bulletin of Medical Sciences 91, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/orvtudert-2018-0015.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract We present the life, career and memory of Pápai Páriz Ferenc (1649, Dés - 1716, Nagyenyed), professor and rector of the Protestant College of Nagyenyed, the famous Transylvanian humanist, medical doctor, poet, philosopher, church historian, heraldist. He studied in Dés (now Dej, Romania), Gyulafehérvár (now Alba Iulia, Romania), Kolozsvár (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania), Marosvásárhely (now Târgu-Mureş, Romania) and Nagyenyed (now Aiud, Romania). In the spring of 1672 he set off from Nagyenyed for a pedestrian trip abroad. He admired the Treasury in Dresden, and attended medical studies in Leipzig and Heidelberg. He completed his medical studies in Basel. In 1674 he became doctor medicus and was elected member of the board of the medical faculty. He returned to Nagyenyed in 1675. Between 1676 and 1690 he is the physician of the court of the Transylvanian princely couple. In 1678 he got a department in the College of Nagyenyed, extended in 1680 with Greek, physics, natural sciences and medical knowledge departments. Between 1681 and 1715 he was the rector of the College. Above all he cherished peace. He was a versatile writer. His medical book written in Hungarian, the PAX CORPORIS, i.e. “the peace of the body” was printed and published at Kolozsvár in 1690. This was dedicated to the target community: “for the benefit of the stupid poor”, it substituted the physician in the family. The rules of a healthy lifestyle were formulated also. The popularity of the book was proved by those eleven editions we know about. Another great work was the Hungarian-Latin, Latin-Hungarian dictionary (Lőcse, now Levoca, Slovakia, 1708). His memory is kept by a bust and plate in the courtyard of the Protestant College of Nagyenyed. The Hungarian postal service (Magyar Posta) released a stamp on his 350th anniversary. His life, work and importance were appreciated by a number of authors across centuries. An internet search on the terms “Pápai” + “Páriz” + “Ferenc” returns an important number of hits. Many foundations and associations are dedicated to his memory.
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Gömöri, György. "Ifjabb Enyedi István külföldi tanulása és levele Sir Isaac Newtonhoz." Magyar Könyvszemle 133, no. 4 (2017): 418–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17167/mksz.2017.4.418-426.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
István Enyedi junior came from an eminent Transylvanian Calvinist family, his father was Professor at the Bethlen College of Nagyenyed (today Aiud in Romania). He studied medicine at the University of Halle where he produced a dissertation much praised by his examiners, also a verse greeting by an occasional French poet (A. Jombert) left out from most extant copies. Enyedi went on to study and botany and medicine at Leyden before crossing the Channel for England in 1720. Once in London, he wrote a letter in Latin to Sir Isaac Newton, the most admired scientist of the age. Although Enyedi had hoped to meet Newton, the latter never contacted the Hungarian traveller. The reason for this was probably Newton’s reluctance to make his Arian views widely known abroad - he wrongly associated Enyedi with “Eniedinus”, (György Enyedi), an internationally known Transylvanian Unitarian theologian of the 16th century.
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Ursu, Dragoș. "“The Cluj Catechization Trial (1958).” The Story of a Regional Orthodox Educational Project in Stalinist Romania." Acta Musei Napocensis. Historica, no. 60 (January 1, 2024): 145–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54145/actamn.60.07.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The removal of religious education from the school curriculum by the Communist regime, through the educational reform of 1948, forced the Romanian Orthodox Church, like the other denominations, to reposition itself. Thus, in the new, unfavorable, context of the 1950s, when the regime tried to limit the Church’s institutional autonomy and reduce its social impact, the Romanian Orthodox Church attempted to initiate catechetical activities at the parish level to compensate for the pupils’ lack of religious education. The general context of the relationship between the State and the Church, with a focus on the institutional mechanisms and instruments of the regime of control over the educational activity of the Orthodox Church, will be approached in the first part of the article, which aims to outline the political‑ecclesial context in which the “Cluj catechization trial” of 1958 took place, while the second part of the research will focus on the development of the events surrounding the 1958 catechization. The Cluj catechization action, initiated by Bishop Teofil Herineanu, aimed to revive the religious education of the faithful, both students and adults. For this purpose, the bishop called upon the priests Galaction Munteanu, administrative vicar, and Ioan Bunea, professor at the Theological Seminary. They drew up a catechetical program which, after being sent to the archpriestships of the diocese, triggered the brutal intervention of the Securitate. A trial ensued, and clerics Ioan Bunea and Galaction Munteanu (the latter, deceased in the Aiud Prison) fell victims; the trial took place in the larger context of the Bucharest regime’s reaction towards the danger of the expansion of the 1956 Hungarian revolution. Using multiple sources: archives (CNSAS, the Department of Cults, the Cluj Archdiocese Archives), oral history (interviews with the descendants of the clergy involved) and memoirs, the article aims to radiograph the topic of religious education in Communist Romania in the 1950s, capturing the regional institutional context, its mechanisms and ecclesiastical practices, the educational objectives of the Church, the reaction of the political and repressive authorities (the Department of Cults, the Securitate) and last, but not least, the (post)carceral destinies of the clergy involved.
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Gardocki, Sylwester. "Challenges and Changes in Military and Defense Policy of Romania after the Outbreak of War in Ukraine." Polish Political Science Yearbook 52, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ppsy202398.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
After the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Romania faced the imminent threat of an escalation of the armed conflict. The geographical proximity of military operations caused this, as the Black Sea location and the self-proclaimed republic of Transnistria located in neighboring Moldova. For this reason, Romania, like other European countries, faced the consequences of the outbreak of war and met economic, political, and military challenges. After the outbreak of war, the Romanian government had to take appropriate steps to help Ukraine and Ukrainian refugees who crossed the border into Romania. Although Romania adopted a distant attitude towards Ukraine, it did not block any aid projects and acted following NATO’s strategic actions. The outbreak of war in Ukraine contributed to rapid changes in the scope of the Romanian army. Several decisions were made to purchase new equipment and strengthen the armed forces.
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Rotari, Iurie. "The Most Persistent Narratives of the Kremlin’s Propaganda Towards Romania in the First Year of the Russo-Ukrainian War." Res Historica 56 (December 21, 2023): 1119–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/rh.2023.56.1119-1143.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article examines how the Russian invasion of Ukraine influenced Kremlin's propaganda against Romania. For one year (24.02.2022 – 24.02.2023), the author followed official statements by Russian politicians and diplomats, material appearing in the most important federal media outlets, and messages released via social media and other marginal propaganda sources. Thus, it was possible to determine the main Russian propaganda narratives against Romania: „Romania seeks to annex parts of Ukraine”; „Romania seeks to annex the Republic of Moldova and Transnistria”; „Romania promotes unreasonable Russophobia”; „Romania is a «Western colony» used by the USA against Russia”, and last but not least, attempts to discredit Romanian aid to Ukraine. In this way, the author determined the image of Romania created by the Russian propaganda machine for its audience, but also the ways in which Moscow uses the distorted image of Romania to influence public opinion in Ukraine and Moldova.
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Stanca, Nicoleta. "Between Bias and Acceptance: A Decade of Turmoil. Romanian Society in Sources from the National Archives of Ireland (1947-1957)." DIALOGO 10, no. 2 (June 20, 2024): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51917/dialogo.2024.10.2.7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is based on research did in the National Archives of Ireland in June 2022 and it aims to portray the Romanian society seen through the Irish lenses, as it comes out from files preserved through indirect diplomatic connections because there were no official relations between the two nations in the 1940s and 1950s. The files identified cover interesting aspects of the Romanian society in relation to the Irish one reflected by three events: the aid received by the Ursuline Sisters of Sibiu from the Irish Red Cross, the visit of the Queen Mother of Romania, Queen Helen, welcomed in Ireland on a private visit and the match played by the Romanian youth football team against the Irish B team in Dublin. The attitude of the Irish public and officials ranges from suspicion on account of the undemocratic regime in Romania at the time to sympathy and acceptance shown to a small nation in distress.
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Radchenko, Iryna Gennadiivna. "The Philanthropic Organizations' Assistance to Jews of Romania and "Transnistria" during the World War II." Dnipropetrovsk University Bulletin. History & Archaeology series 25, no. 1 (March 7, 2017): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/261714.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to assistance, rescue to the Jewish people in Romanian territory, including "Transnistria" in 1939–1945. Using the archival document from different institutions (USHMM, Franklyn D. Roosevelt Library) and newest literature, the author shows the scale of the assistance, its mechanism and kinds. It was determined some of existed charitable organizations and analyzed its mechanism of cooperation between each other. Before the war, the Romanian Jewish Community was the one of largest in Europe (after USSR and Poland) and felt all tragedy of Holocaust. Romania was the one of the Axis states; the anti-Semitic policy has become a feature of Marshal Antonescu policy. It consisted of deportations from some regions of Romania to newly-created region "Transnistria", mass exterminations, death due to some infectious disease, hunger, etc. At the same moment, Romania became an example of cooperation of the international organizations, foreign governments on providing aid. The scale of this assistance was significant: thanks to it, many of Romanian Jews (primarily, children) could survive the Holocaust: some of them were come back to Romanian regions, others decide to emigrate to Palestine. The emphasis is placed on the personalities, who played important (if not decisive) role: W. Filderman, S. Mayer, Ch. Colb, J. Schwarzenberg, R. Mac Clelland and many others. It was found that the main part of assistance to Romanian Jews was began to give from the end of 1943, when the West States, World Jewish community obtained numerous proofs of Nazi crimes against the Jews (and, particularly, Romanian Jews). It is worth noting that the assistance was provided, mostly, for Romanian Jews, deported from Regat; some local (Ukrainian) Jews also had the possibility to receive a lot of needful things. But before the winter 1942, most of Ukrainian Jews was exterminated in ghettos and concentration camps. The main kinds of the assistance were financial (donations, which was given by JDC through the ICRC and Romanian Jewish Community), food parcels, clothes, medicaments, and emigrations from "Transnistria" to Romania, Palestine (after 1943). Considering the status of Romania (as Nazi Germany's ally in World War II), the international financial transactions dealt with some difficulties, which delayed the relief, but it was changed after the Romania's joining to Allies. The further research on the topic raises new problem for scholars. Particularly, it deals with using of memoirs. There is one other important point is inclusion of national (Ukrainian) historiography on the topic, concerning the rescue of Romanian Jews, to European and world history context.
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Dumitru, Diana, and Carter Johnson. "Constructing Interethnic Conflict and Cooperation: Why Some People Harmed Jews and Others Helped Them during the Holocaust in Romania." World Politics 63, no. 1 (January 2011): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887110000274.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The authors draw on a natural experiment to demonstrate that states can reconstruct conflictual interethnic relationships into cooperative relationships in relatively short periods of time. The article examines differences in how the gentile population in each of two neighboring territories in Romania treated its Jewish population during the Holocaust. These territories had been part of tsarist Russia and subject to state-sponsored anti-Semitism until 1917. During the interwar period one territory became part of Romania, which continued anti-Semitic policies, and the other became part of the Soviet Union, which pursued an inclusive nationality policy, fighting against inherited anti-Semitism and working to integrate its Jews. Both territories were then reunited under Romanian administration during World War II, when Romania began to destroy its Jewish population. The authors demonstrate that, despite a uniform Romanian state presence during the Holocaust that encouraged gentiles to victimize Jews, the civilian population in the area that had been part of the Soviet Union was less likely to harm and more likely to aid Jews as compared with the region that had been part of Romania. Their evidence suggests that the state construction of interethnic relationships can become internalized by civilians and outlive the life of the state itself.
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Capotescu, Cristian. "Continuing Politics by Other Means: Giving in Cold War Europe." International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity 6, no. 1 (March 28, 2018): 105–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/hcm.541.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article unearths the little-known history of charitable giving in Cold War Europe. The first case explores supply conduits forged in the German Romanian community of West Germany and Romania. Starting in the late 1960s, Western community members became involved in supporting those left behind in Romania through care packages and tourist visits. As the political leadership under Nicolae Ceaușescu adopted drastic austerity measures in the early 1980s, the second case shows how East German volunteer groups organized aid to Romania from within the socialist bloc. The discussion concludes that the provisioning relationships uncovered in both examples integrated the world of materials into daily aspirations of ‘governing precarious lives’ to a new repertoire for public action that did not remain external to politics but rather reformulated what was at stake in politics through immediate, direct acts of assistance.
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Kiyanka, Iryna, and Levytska Nadiya. "Populism and fascism in Europe: case of Romania." Language, Culture, Politics. International Journal 1 (December 9, 2021): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54515/lcp.2021.1.315-324.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article focuses on the essence of populism and fascism in the context of the political regime in Romania. It analyses the real threat of fascism in the interwar period in Romania as well as a negative impact on the socio-economic sphere in the Romanian society. The article also points to the fact that the fascist party in Romania was short-lived. The dictatorship of Ion Antonesku and his followers, in fact, implemented some points of their program (eg, anti-Semitic activities), adopting mate nationalistic and conservative ideology, but it did not accept the fascist "revolutionary" ideas and totalitarian structures. Populism is a good option for election campaigns. After all, people always like a simple and understandable way without undue burden. Human logic and speculation aid such a way. Nevertheless, populism is a nourishment for authoritarian leaders.
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Breazu, Petre, and David Machin. "A critical multimodal analysis of the Romanian press coverage of camp evictions and deportations of the Roma migrants from France." Discourse & Communication 12, no. 4 (March 9, 2018): 339–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750481318757774.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this article, we carry out a Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis (MCDA) of a sample from a larger corpus of Romanian news articles that covered the controversial camp evictions and repatriation of Romanian Roma migrants from France that began in 2010 and continue to the time of writing in 2017. These French government policies have been highly criticized both within France and by international political and aid organizations. However, the analysis shows how these brutal, anti-humanitarian events became recontextualized in the Romanian Press to represent the French government’s actions as peaceful and consensual. In addition, the demonization of the Roma in the press serves as a strategy to continuously disassociate them from their Romanian counterparts. While there is a long history of discrimination against the Roma in Romania, these particular recontextualizations can be understood in the context of the Romanian government’s need to gloss over its failure to comply with the Schengen accession requirements and acquire full European Union (EU) membership.
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Os'kin, Maksim. "The Romanian Mission of General Berthelot (1916–1917): Cooperation and Disagreements with the Russian Command of the Romanian Front." Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, no. 2 (2022): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640016584-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
When the Kingdom of Romania entered the Great War in 1916, it was supposed to receive aid from the Entente allies While the Russian troops fought alongside the Romanians on the Eastern Front, the Western allies assisted them with arms, financial resources, and experienced officers. Military cooperation in the various European theatres of war was a rather complex task, and its arrangement actualised the issues of cooperation between the allies in arms in pursuit of a common goal. The French Mission of General Berthelot assisted the Romanian army in a number of ways, including leading the fighting in the autumn of 1916, reorganising the defeated Romanian army, and acting as military advisers in the 1917 campaign. In that respect, the French were competing with the Russians for influence over the Romanian top leadership, especially the military command. The formation of the Romanian front, consisting mainly of Russian troops, allowed the Russian Stavka to sideline the French from directly influencing the course of military operations. The work of the French mission was limited to bringing the Romanian units withdrawn to the rear back into order. However, in 1917, the French resumed their leading role in influencing the Romanian generals. The February Revolution marked a turning point in relations between the rival partners, finally consolidating the leading role of the Berthelot Mission in the affairs of the Romanian Army on the Romanian front. The French Mission helped reorganise the Romanian Army, which played a decisive role in the final stage of the Great War. This allowed the Kingdom of Romania to remain among the victorious nations, despite the vicissitudes of 1918 following the withdrawal of Russia from the war. The main sources for this article are documents from the Russian State Military Historical Archive (RGVIA) relating primarily to the competence of the central military authorities and administration during the war period, namely the Supreme Command Headquarters and the General Staff Headquarters.
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STATE, Violeta, Loredana Cristina TĂNASE, and Laura MARCU. "ADVANTAGES OF MUTUAL AID HOUSES IN ROMANIA ACCORDING TO NON-BANKING FINANCIAL SERVICES USERS." Revista Economica 73, no. 4 (December 19, 2021): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2021-0038.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mutual Aid Houses enjoy a long presence on the Romanian market of non-banking services. Unlike mutual organizations from other European countries, in Romania mutual organizations have a much narrower field of activity. They may loan and provide an array of social services to members. Our study aims to highlight the benefits of Mutual Aid Houses as a support of person’s preference to this form of association and financial loan. After a briefly presentation of the situation of Mutual Aid Houses in Romania, based on statistical data, we show the results of a qualitative study based on in-depth interview, conducted in a Mutual Aid House for employees. The purpose of this case study is to highlight the perception that members of the Mutual Aid House have on services provided, the extent to which these services are used by members, as well as the appreciation they show to a number of attributes that define the offer of the Mutual Aid House. In addition, our analysis brings information by outlining the main aspects that define the presence of Mutual Aid Houses on the market of non-banking services, through a detailed presentation of the situation of a Mutual Aid House of employees and especially by highlighting opinions of its members regarding the offer advantages, elements contributing ultimately to a better understanding of Mutual Aid Houses position among non-banking financial institutions.
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Czubak, Wawrzyniec, Krzysztof Pawłowski, Paulina Wiza, and Felix Arion. "POLISH AND ROMANIAN DAIRY FARMS USING EU INVESTMENT SUPPORT: A COMPARATIVE STUDY." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXI, no. 4 (December 2, 2019): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6094.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this paper was to compare the investment amounts and efficiency of productive input between Polish and Romanian dairy farms depending on whether they access funds under the second pillar of EU’s CAP. The study covered the particularities of farms who access investment funds under the 2nd pillar of EU’s CAP, which allowed to identify the differences between beneficiaries and the control group (i.e. non-beneficiary farms). This paper relies on unpublished 2004–2015 microdata at a farm level, as retrieved from the FADN of the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development (DG AGRI-C.3; data source: EU-FADN – DG AGRI). The analysis period starts from the moment the two countries joined the EU and launched the FADN system (which is 2004 for Poland and 2007 for Romania) and ends in 2015. The research task defined for Polish and Romanian dairy farms was performed with the use of Propensity Score Matching, a counterfactual method. The calculations were carried out using STATA. As shown by the analysis, in Poland, no considerable differences existed between dairy farms run by the beneficiaries of EU investment funds and the control group. Conversely, in Romania, investment aid was accessed by farms demonstrating a more efficient use of productive input.
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Bențe, Cristian. "Economic Evolutions During the Cold War – Romania in the COMECON (1949-1965)." Studia Universitatis „Vasile Goldis” Arad – Economics Series 30, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 132–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sues-2020-0028.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe purpose of this work is to present objectively and documented the evolution of Romania within the Council of Mutual Economic Aid (C.M.E.A. or C.O.M.E.C.O.N.) during 1949-1965. Choosing this period of time is not random: in 1949 COMECON was established at the initiative of Moscow, and the year 1965 represented the peak of the “dissidence” politics of Romania within the Council. The Romanian economy after the Second World War followed largely the same path as the other economies in Eastern Europe that entered the sphere of influence of the Soviet Union. The war and the new international situation in which Romania found itself at its end determined a dramatic rupture with the economic model followed in the interwar period. In the run-up to the end of the world conflict, the main interest of the hegemonic power in Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union, was to benefit from the resources of the countries in the area to compensate for the immense damage caused by the war. The exploitation of Eastern European economies intensified after Moscow became aware of the impossibility of obtaining substantial war reparations from Germany.
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von Borries, R. "State Aid Control in Romania." European State Aid Law Quarterly 5, no. 3 (2006): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/estal/2006/3/84.
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Mihăilescu, Adina. "Expenditure on services indicator of quality of life assessment." Sociology International Journal 5, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/sij.2021.05.00254.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The disparities between urban and rural regarding the structure of the employed population according to the professional status represent the reflection of the structure of the types of jobs and economic activities corresponding to each of the two areas of residence; in cities most worked in non-agricultural activities, in villages in agricultural activities. Poverty trends in Romania have begun to decline, regardless of the assessment methods used. After 2010-2011, the general interest in assessing absolute poverty, severe / extreme poverty and food poverty decreased massively, at European level but also in Romania, following another indicator closer to relative poverty, called the risk of poverty and social exclusion. The lack of financial resources of the Romanian labor force determined a large part of the households not to be able to pay the consumption of utilities on time. The share of households that used savings to cover current expenses was 6.8%, those that borrowed from relatives, friends or others 6.1%, and those that needed financial aid , without the obligation to return, from relatives, friends or other persons was 11.5%. An additional work to obtain the necessary resources to cover current expenses was provided by 9.3% of households. The statistical research "Living conditions of the population in Romania", in 2019, reveals that for one in five households the current expenses do not pose special problems, these being exceeded quite easily, easily or even very easily.
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LAZĂR, Gheorghe. "Întregiri documentare privind ajutoarele românești pentru așezăminte religioase din Constantinopol și din împrejurimile acestuia (secolul al XVIII-lea)." Studii și Materiale de Istorie Medie 41, no. 1 (March 11, 2024): 259–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.62616/smim.2023.10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The financial aid provided over the centuries by the Romanian Principalities to the numerous religious communities throughout the Eastern Christianity was more than substantial. The consistent documentary evidence identified so far in different archives is able to prove this assertion beyond any doubt. Nonetheless, it seems obvious that there are numerous other similar testimonies waiting to be discovered in various archives, either in Romania or abroad. This is even more the case for the 18th c. and the early 19th c., as there are plenty of unedited sources from this period. The present study aims to contribute to this scholarly effort by publishing several donation documents issued by the Wallachian and the Moldavian lords to the benefit of several religious communities located in Constantinople/Istanbul and its surroundings. There are eight such documents, identified by the author in the Romanian archives, and they refer to the following religious communities: St. John, St. Dumitru, Maguliotisa in Constantinople; the Assumption of the Virgin Mary on the island of Halki; the Transfiguration on the island of Proti, and St. Theodore in the village of Pivatecu. The documents are edited in extenso in the appendix of the study. Only after the entire corpus of sources is edited, we will have a complete image of the Moldo-Wallachian financial aid to the Eastern Christianity.
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HIMCINSCHI, MIHAI, and Claudiu-Daniel POPA. "THE CULTURAL-MISSIONARY ACTIVITY OF THE ROMANIAN ORTHODOX BROTHERHOOD AND THE CHOIR OF THE ORTHODOX PARISH IN AIUD AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY." Icoana Credintei 10, no. 19 (January 24, 2024): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26520/icoana.2024.19.10.48-57.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aiud was one of Transylvania's famous Hungarian cultural centres for almost millennia. During all this time, the status of the Orthodox Romanians was insignificant in social life, being deprived of church organisation and their place of worship. The Great Union of 1918 would generate an extraordinary nationalspiritual revival in the heart of the community through the establishment of the Aiud Orthodox Parish and the Aiud Orthodox Deanery in 1922, during the pastorate of the worthy priest Iosif Pop. One of the missionary vectors of the dynamisation of cultural-religious life in the framework of the new Deanery was represented by the Romanian Orthodox Brotherhood, a lay organisation founded on the initiative of Professor Sextil Pușcariu. Through the Branch in Aiud, the church structure intended for intellectuals supported the fight to defend Orthodoxy, preserving the Romanian people's spiritual balance and the revival of faith. The Choir of the Aiud Orthodox Parish played a significant role in the organisation's local activity, which was established to support the cultural-religious propaganda of the Romanian Orthodox Brotherhood
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MITREA, Ion, and Nicolae Cristian FOTA. "Host Vascular Plants for Pests in the Hydrographical Basin of the Otăsău River, Romania." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 7, no. 4 (December 13, 2015): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb749725.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study was carried out to investigate vascular host plant distribution in the hydrographical basin of the Otăsău River (Vâlcea County, in the Central Southern part of Romania). In order to determine the existing species in this area, fresh and dry material were collected. Specie identification was made based on a repetitive observation of the plants. A taxonomical aid was used to identify the species and classify them into different categories. In this research 368 taxa were investigated and registered as host vascular plants for pests from the studied area. The geoelement analysis shows that Eurasian, European, Central European, Cosmopolite and Circumpolar elements are predominant. Concerning the bioform spectrum the most representative components of the herbaceous layer are hemicryptophytes with 127 taxa. The study reveals that the studied area presents a high floristic diversity of the vascular plants (about 10% of the Romanian flora).
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Powell Doherty, Rebecca, Pyrros A. Telionis, Daniel Müller-Demary, Alexandra Hosszu, Ana Duminica, Andrea Bertke, Bryan Lewis, and Stephen Eubank. "A survey of quality of life indicators in the Romanian Roma population following the ‘Decade of Roma Inclusion’." F1000Research 6 (December 13, 2018): 1692. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12546.3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: This study explores how the Roma in Romania, the EU’s most concentrated population, are faring in terms of a number of quality of life indicators, including poverty levels, healthcare, education, water, sanitation, and hygiene. It further explores the role of synthetic populations and modelling in identifying at-risk populations and delivering targeted aid.Methods: 135 surveys were conducted across five geographically diverse Romanian communities. Household participants were selected through a comprehensive random walk method. Analyses were conducted on all data using Pandas for Python. Combining land scan data, time-use survey analyses, interview data, and ArcGIS, the resulting synthetic population was analysed via classification and regression tree (CART) analysis to identify hot-spots of need, both ethnically and geographically.Results: These data indicate that the Roma in Romania face significant disparities in education, with Roma students less likely to progress beyond 8 th grade. In addition, the Roma population remains significantly disadvantaged with regard to safe and secure housing, poverty, and healthcare status, particularly in connection to diarrheal disease. In contrast, however, both Roma and non-Roma in rural areas face difficulties regarding full-time employment, sanitation, and water, sanitation, and hygiene infrastructure. In addition, the use of a synthetic population can generate information about ‘hot spots’ of need, based on geography, ethnicity, and type of aid required.Conclusions: These data demonstrate the challenges that remain to the Roma population in Romania, and also point to the myriad of ways in which all rural Romanians, regardless of ethnicity, are encountering hardship. This study highlights an approach that combines traditional survey data with more wide-reaching geographically based data and CART analysis to determine ‘hot spot’ areas of need in a given population. With the appropriate inputs, this tool can be extrapolated to any population in any country.
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Antal, Imola, Júlia Szigeti, and Maria Stoleru. "Women Victims of Domestic Violence: Analysis of Their Perceptions of the Criminal Justice System in Romania." Social Change Review 9, no. 1 (June 1, 2011): 17–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/scr-2016-0015.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Criminal justice interventions are important to reduce domestic violence and protect women. In this study we will tackle the unwillingness of women in two regions of Romania to press charges and the failure of the criminal justice system in providing them protection and justice. “Why don’t women press charges?” was the main question that stood at the basis of the international research WOSAFEJUS1, where Babeş-Bolyai University (UBB) was the main Romanian partner through its Faculty of Sociology and Social Work. In our paper we will analyse the studies relevant to the field of domestic violence and we will pay a special attention to those that take into consideration the functioning of the criminal justice system. We will present a preliminary analysis of the women’s perception of the criminal justice system in Romania. Our results are based on 76 semi-structured interviews with women in a situation of domestic violence. Atlas.ti was used to aid a thematic analysis of the qualitative data. The results will highlight women’s expectations regarding the justice system, the perceived usefulness of the legal intervention as well as the main factors that come into play when they decide to stay or to leave the criminal justice process. Even though in most of the cases police intervention can’t or doesn’t provide safety and the rapid elimination of danger, the importance of non-legislative factors of intervention has nevertheless been emphasized.
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Schütterle, P. "New Romanian State Aid Procedure Legislation." European State Aid Law Quarterly 6, no. 2 (2007): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/estal/2007/2/98.
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Ploscariu, Iemima D. "Institutions for survival: The Shargorod ghetto during the Holocaust in Romanian Transnistria." Nationalities Papers 47, no. 1 (November 6, 2018): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nps.2018.16.
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AbstractIn 1941, thousands of Jews from the regions of Bukovina and Bessarabia were deported to ghettos and camps in Romanian-occupied Transnistria to join local Ukranian Jews and other deportees. This article is a case study of the Shargorod ghetto, one of the largest ghettos in Transnistria, that reveals how individuals interned there, and in similar ghettos, survived despite their different social, economic, and cultural backgrounds. An examination based on regions allows for a better understanding of the diverse Jewish communities in Romania and how these differences influenced the lives of local Jews and deportees during the formidable years in Shargorod. Their major successes, as well as their failures, present a picture of entangled community identity in the face of disease, starvation, and forced labor. The survival of the Jewish population of Shargorod from 1941 to 1944 is analyzed through the selection of leadership by the ghetto inhabitants (specifically, Meier Teich’s role as ghetto leader), the entrepreneurial actions and aid that arose, and the format and agenda adopted by the ghetto’s cultural institutions.
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Răsvan, Cătălin. "Sound Banks – a Priceless Aid in Contemporary Music Writing." Artes. Journal of Musicology 20, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 220–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ajm-2019-0012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Sound banks are collections of sound samples from musical instruments of the symphonic orchestra, traditional instruments from various areas of the world and sounds of virtual devices, such as synthesizers, which are increasingly present in contemporary musical creations. Sound banks are loaded in a device called sampler, which can edit and play them. The article describes analog and especially virtual samplers, complex devices that can store or play sounds from specific libraries of sound banks. It also defines and catalogs the main types of digital virtual instruments (that include traditional symphonic orchestra instruments, ones with modern electronic instruments/percussion instruments, and ethnic collections for various geographic areas. Our research on digital applications used in music writing relies on 20 years of experience. Currently, applications are valuable tools for composers and musicians, and for everyone in the contemporary music industry. In 2006, I created the first collection of sound banks made in Romania “The Essence of Panflute”, library containing sound samples 583, grouped in 33 virtual instruments. This is the most complex virtual version of the Romanian pan flute, played by the renowned Cătălin Tîrcolea. The library is designed and edited by Cătălin Răsvan, for the company S.C. Canira Music Internațional. This collection of sound banks presents in minute detail the laborious process of recording and editing this virtual library. “The Essence of Panflute” has seen international acclaim, is distributed by the German company Best Service, one of the major companies in the world, was reviewed in the most prestigious magazine in this field, Sound on Sound, and has opened the door for current/future creators of music. We hope that it is only the beginning for our work in the research and development of digital virtual sound, which is a special category for the instruments in our country.
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Shimanskaya, Olga Konstantinovna. "Traditional social institutions in Romanian youth policy." Contemporary Europe, no. 5 (December 15, 2023): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0201708323050121.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Youth policy is an important area of the EU social policy. The national specificity of the EU member states allows different models for the implementation of youth policy, corresponding to their history and political culture. The study aims to explore a transition from the universalist model of implementing the Romanian youth policy of the socialist period to a centralised (or Mediterranean) one in which traditional social institutions play a pivotal role, such as family and the Church. The study applies the content analysis and the systemic method. Romania's accession to the EU made the government pay more attention to the youth. The funds for the youth policy were allocated from European integration funds. The government's strategy was to develop education and additional educational services and help children and the youth without parental care and large families. However, the quality of education deteriorated, aid did not reach its recipients, and tactically strategic goals were not achieved. The state youth policy turned out to be ineffective. The Romanian Orthodox Church (RuOC) became involved in solving issues of supporting children and the youth. Together with municipalities, sponsors, foreign philanthropists, the RuOC opens a network of social centers for children of permanent residence, day care, socio-cultural (educational, leisure, sports). The RuOC conducts actions in support of the development of secondary education to prevent dropouts from school, provide clothing and school supplies, study native history, etc. In general, the participation of the RuOC in solving youth problems convincingly indicates that a centralised model for the implementation of youth policy has been formed in Romania.
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Radhakrishnan, G. "Mental health services in Romania." Psychiatric Bulletin 15, no. 10 (October 1991): 621–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.15.10.621.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Since the demise of the Ceaucescu regime in Romania, the media has been presenting a grim catalogue of life in Ceaucescu Romania. Even as these stark images were unfolding, Bristol MENCAP, independent of the national organisation, was putting together a package of humanitarian aid directed, predominantly in the first instance, to orphanages in and around the city of Cluj-Napoca in the province of Transylvania, Romania. Our department has close links with the National Executive of MENCAP and we were approached by Bristol MENCAP to undertake a fact-finding mission on the current state of professional services for the mentally handicapped in general, and that of the Department of Psychology at Cluj-Napoca University in particular.
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Karagiannis, Andreas, Andreas Skolarikos, Emanuel Alexandrescu, Dragoslav Basic, Petrisor Geavlete, Alessandro Maletta, A. Yaser Muslumanoglu, et al. "Epidemiologic study of urolithiasis in seven countries of South-Eastern Europe: S.E.G.U.R. 1 study." Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia 89, no. 3 (October 3, 2017): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2017.3.173.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective: To investigate some epidemiological aspects of kidney stones in the South- Eastern European area. Materials and methods: From September 2015 to December 2015, 538 consecutive patients were treated and evaluated for reno-ureteral stones in eight departments in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, FYR Macedonia, Romania, Serbia and Turkey. Results: The age of onset was lower in Turkey and higher in Italy. The rate of recurrent patients was higher in Romania and Serbia, while first renal stone formers were more frequent in Italy. The previous history of kidney stones, the characteristics of the stones and the dietary habits of the patients were different in different countries. In Bulgaria, Greece and Romania larger calculi from recurrent patients were more frequent. In Italy and Turkey smaller calculi from first renal stone formers were more frequent. Conclusions: The previous history of kidney stones, the characteristics of the stones and the dietary habits of the patients were different in different countries. A common dietary pattern associated with the formation of kidney stones was not observed, but each country showed different risk factors.
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Dashdavaa, Badamdash. "Nationalistic tendency in communist camp." Politikon: The IAPSS Journal of Political Science 3 (May 1, 2002): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22151/politikon.3.6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of the paper is to examine the nationalistic characters of socialist regimes after the Second World War until the 1990s in the cases of Romania and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Therefore, I will attempt to examine whether the communist leaders in Romania and Yugoslavia appealed to nationalistic communism or communism with national distinction in order to demonstrate that they were not directly controlled or directed by The Soviet Union. They enjoyed sovereignty greater than other communist countries in Eastern Europe. Both Romania and Yugoslavia could receive maximum of aid and attention from Western countries, which led to maneuvering strategies between the Western countries and the socialist camp.
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Forray, Alina Ioana, Mădălina Adina Coman, Răzvan Mircea Cherecheș, and Cristina Maria Borzan. "Exploring the Impact of Sociodemographic Characteristics and Health Literacy on Adherence to Dietary Recommendations and Food Literacy." Nutrients 15, no. 13 (June 23, 2023): 2853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15132853.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study investigates food literacy-related abilities and adherence to dietary recommendations in relation to sociodemographic characteristics and health-related features (health literacy, self-rated health and morbidity) in the North-Western region of Romania. This is a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data collected in 2019 from a representative and randomised sample of 1572 individuals. A questionnaire was employed to record participants’ sociodemographic characteristics, food-related and health-related features. Most participants were non-adherent to dietary recommendations for fruit and vegetables (83.5%), fish and seafood (61.3%), and water intake (67.9%). However, most participants reported an adequate ability to understand the connection between nutrition and health (89.1%), to distinguish between healthy and less healthy options (84.4%), and to acquire nutrition information (75.6%). Non-adherence to dietary recommendations and low food literacy abilities were more prevalent in disadvantaged groups (older age, rural settings, retirement or social welfare, low educational attainment, formerly married). Health literacy was negatively associated with not adhering to dietary recommendations and poor self-rated food literacy abilities. The study suggests that low socioeconomic status negatively impacts food literacy and adherence to dietary recommendations among Romanian adults. Identifying target populations to improve food-related abilities and health literacy can aid public health services in improving health outcomes.
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Ursu, Dragoș. "RESISTANCE TROUGH FAITH INSIDE THE ROMANIAN GULAG. CASE STUDY: THE AIUD RE-EDUCATION." Altarul Reîntregirii, Suplim.2 (2017): 135–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.29302/ar.2017.suplim.2.10.
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STEFAN, Ene Adrian. "UNDERSTANTING THE NOTION OF STATE AID AND ITS CORRECT APPLICATION." Annals of "Spiru Haret". Economic Series 16, no. 4 (December 27, 2016): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.26458/1649.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe present paper emphasizes the need to deepen the understanding of the notion of State Aid according to article 107, paragraph 1 from the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union definition, to correctly harmonize the Romanian legislation with the European one and directly apply it through the Guide Regarding State Aid[1]. The national implementation of the European recommendations presented here is meant to be achieve through the Emergency Ordinance no. 77/201, and State Aid Schemes Decision no. 807/2014 and 332/2014.[1] Developed by the Competition Council, available only in Romanian.
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Lambru, Mihaela, and Claudia Petrescu. "Bottom-up social enterprises in Romania. Case study – Retirees’ Mutual Aid Association." International Review of Sociology 26, no. 2 (May 3, 2016): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03906701.2016.1181388.
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Zăbavă, Elena-Camelia. "Virgil Ierunca – Jurnalistul scriitor." Swedish Journal of Romanian Studies 4, no. 1 (May 13, 2021): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35824/sjrs.v4i1.22478.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the second volume entitled „Necunoscutul scriitor Virgil Ierunca” (The Unknown writer Virgil Ierunca) from a series dedicated to the Romanian literature in exile (published by Aius Publishing House from Craiova), the two authors – Mihaela Albu & Dan Anghelescu – demonstrate that Ierunca was not only a good journalist and editor, but also a poet, a literary critic, a memoirist, a portraitist, and a poet. In other words – Virgil Ierunca was an authentic Romanian writer.
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Tsiabus, Alesia, and Guillaume Croisant. "Investment Arbitration and EU (Competition) Law – Lessons Learned from the Micula Saga." European Investment Law and Arbitration Review Online 5, no. 1 (December 11, 2020): 330–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24689017_014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
On 19 February 2020, in the latest episode to date of the long-running Micula saga, the United Kingdom (UK) Supreme Court gave its green light to the enforcement in the (UK) of the award obtained by the Micula brothers against Romania (Award) under the 2002 Sweden-Romania bilateral investment treaty (BIT), despite the fact that the question of whether this Award constitutes state aid prohibited under EU law was pending before the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). The Supreme Court ruled that the UK enforcement obligations under the ICSID Convention could not be affected by the EU duty of sincere cooperation, as the UK’s ratification of the ICSID Convention preceded its accession to the EU. The UK Supreme Court judgment, and the prior main episodes of the Micula saga in the framework of the ICSID, EU state aid and enforcement proceedings, offer a great opportunity to explore the increasingly tumultuous relationship between investment arbitration and EU (competition) law, in particular the compatibility of intra- EU investment arbitrations under the ICSID Convention with EU law and the coexistence of selective protections under international investment law with EU state aid law.
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Tsiabus, Alesia, and Guillaume Croisant. "Investment Arbitration and EU (Competition) Law – Lessons Learned from the Micula Saga." European Investment Law and Arbitration Review 5, Issue 1 (January 1, 2020): 330–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eila2020014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
On 19 February 2020, in the latest episode to date of the long-running Micula saga, the United Kingdom (UK) Supreme Court gave its green light to the enforcement in the (UK) of the award obtained by the Micula brothers against Romania (Award) under the 2002 Sweden-Romania Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT), despite the fact that the question of whether this Award constitutes state aid prohibited under EU law was pending before the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). The Supreme Court ruled that the UK enforcement obligations under the ICSID Convention could not be affected by the EU duty of sincere cooperation, as the UK’s ratification of the ICSID Convention preceded its accession to the EU. The UK Supreme Court judgment, and the prior main episodes of the Micula saga in the framework of the ICSID, EU state aid and enforcement proceedings, offer a great opportunity to explore the increasingly tumultuous relationship between investment arbitration and EU (competition) law, in particular the compatibility of intra-EU investment arbitrations under the ICSID Convention with EU law and the coexistence of selective protections under international investment law with EU state aid law.
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Strilciuc, Stefan, Diana Alecsandra Grad, Vlad Mixich, Adina Stan, Anca Dana Buzoianu, Cristian Vladescu, and Mihaela Adela Vintan. "Societal Cost of Ischemic Stroke in Romania: Results from a Retrospective County-Level Study." Brain Sciences 11, no. 6 (May 24, 2021): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11060689.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Health policies in transitioning health systems are rarely informed by the economic burden of disease due to scanty access to data. This study aimed to estimate direct and indirect costs for first-ever acute ischemic stroke (AIS) during the first year for patients residing in Cluj, Romania, and hospitalized in 2019 at the County Emergency Hospital (CEH). Methods: The study was conducted using a mixed, retrospective costing methodology from a societal perspective to measure the cost of first-ever AIS in the first year after onset. Patient pathways for AIS were reconstructed to aid in mapping inpatient and outpatient cost items. We used anonymized administrative and clinical data at the hospital level and publicly available databases. Results: The average cost per patient in the first year after stroke onset was RON 25,297.83 (EUR 5226.82), out of which 80.87% were direct costs. The total cost in Cluj, Romania in 2019 was RON 17,455,502.7 (EUR 3,606,505.8). Conclusions: Our costing exercise uncovered shortcomings of stroke management in Romania, particularly related to acute care and neurorehabilitation service provision. Romania spends significantly less on healthcare than other countries (5.5% of GDP vs. 9.8% European Union average), exposing stroke survivors to a disproportionately high risk for preventable and treatable post-stroke disability.
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Tudose, Dragoș C., and Daniel Nică. "Air MEDEVAC in case of multiple casualties -The experience of civilian-military cooperation in RoAF." Romanian Journal of Military Medicine 119, no. 2 (July 1, 2016): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2016.119.2.5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction: Starting September 2010 in Romania was created the Military Emergency Medical Service (SMMU) by the Ministry of National Defense, which has as main mission to provide first aid and save the lives of military personnel during military operations using special equipped MEDEAVC aircraft. Nationwide exist the national emergency system which operates thru 112- SMURD acting in support of the civilian population. In case of accidents with multiple victims the experience has shown the need for collaboration between the two systems, in order to save lives. In the last 5 years there has been an increasing Airlift missions (MEDEVAC) with multiple victims executed by joint civil-military medical teams using military aircraft. Material and methods. This paper provides a review of the most important aspects of particularities, advantages and disadvantages of this type of medical transport using the MEDEVAC missions based study carried out by the Air Force in recent years. Results and conclusions. Performing these tasks presents challenges to mission planning, use of medical equipment and procedures, command-control system, exercise programs jointly joint medical teams and, of course, managing a large number of patients in flight. The large number of patients transported safely and in the shortest time, regardless of weather conditions recommends this type of medical intervention. Given the Romanian military presence in various theaters and that NATO strategic medical evacuation is a national responsibility, the capacity of air transport in case multiple casualties is a priority.
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Surleac, Marius, Corina Casangiu, Leontina Banica, Petre Milu, Dragos Florea, Oana Sandulescu, Anca Streinu-Cercel, et al. "Short Communication:Evidence of Novel SARS-CoV-2 Variants Circulation in Romania." AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 37, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/aid.2021.0009.
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Царан Андрејић, Маца, and Ianko Gubani. "JEZIČKO-KOMUNIKACIJSKO PONAŠANJE SRBA U VIŠEJEZIČNOM OKRUŽENJU RUMUNSKOG BANATA." ИСХОДИШТА 8, no. 1 (August 18, 2022): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46630/ish.8.2022.20.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One of the most interesting aspects of the bilingualism is the fact, that there are two or more languages in the continuous contact of mental structures of the same person. This is connected with more questions aimd on intercultural kommunication, cognitive processes, linguistic manifestation and sociolinguistic aspects of the language-communication behavior of bilingualists. Linguistic behavior is understood as selection and use of the process in communicational interactions, in our case serb-romanian bilinguists. Given that the verbal interactions take place in concrete linguistic situation, following context area are for the serb-romanian families in the romanian Banat region relevant: 1) historical-social context 2) context of the give speeking comunity 3) interaction context 4) language context. The aim of the study is the analyse of the language-comunication behavior of the serb-romanian bilinguist families in the family and public environment. The partial aim of study is to identify factors affect the language preferences depended on the comunication domain.
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Northmore-Ball, Lawrence, Jennifer Harvey, and Amber Courtier. "Micula v Romania – A Saga of Lasting Significance." European Investment Law and Arbitration Review Online 6, no. 1 (December 20, 2021): 74–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24689017_0601004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The dispute between the Micula parties and Romania has continued for over 16 years raising issues in investment arbitration and European Union (EU) law and particularly the enforceability of arbitral awards in varying jurisdictions. The proceedings, first brought before an ICSID Tribunal in 2005 (followed by annulment proceedings) have since led to enforcement proceedings across multiple fora including the EU Commission (involving State aid rules) as well as EU, English and US domestic courts. Whilst the Micula saga may be inching near to a conclusion, it threatens to cause lasting damage to what was intended to be a closed ecosystem of the ICSID Convention. A precedent has been set whereby instead of enforcing awards in accordance with the provisions of the ICSID Convention, Courts of ICSID Member States may proceed to enforce awards as though the ICSID Convention did not apply. As such, a discussion may need to take place in relation to the possible amendment of certain provisions of the ICSID Convention; however, in the short term it is important that supranational bodies unrelated to the ICSID Convention do not interfere with the obligations of ICSID Member States or purport to prohibit ICSID Member States from complying with ICSID awards.
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Northmore-Ball, Lawrence, Jennifer Harvey, and Amber Courtier. "Micula v Romania – A Saga of Lasting Significance." European Investment Law and Arbitration Review 6, Issue 1 (January 1, 2021): 74–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eila2021004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The dispute between the Micula parties and Romania has continued for over 16 years raising issues in investment arbitration and European Union (EU) law and particularly the enforceability of arbitral awards in varying jurisdictions. The proceedings, first brought before an ICSID Tribunal in 2005 (followed by annulment proceedings) have since led to enforcement proceedings across multiple fora including the EU Commission (involving State aid rules) as well as EU, English and US domestic courts. Whilst the Micula saga may be inching near to a conclusion, it threatens to cause lasting damage to what was intended to be a closed ecosystem of the ICSID Convention. A precedent has been set whereby instead of enforcing awards in accordance with the provisions of the ICSID Convention, Courts of ICSID Member States may proceed to enforce awards as though the ICSID Convention did not apply. As such, a discussion may need to take place in relation to the possible amendment of certain provisions of the ICSID Convention; however, in the short term it is important that supranational bodies unrelated to the ICSID Convention do not interfere with the obligations of ICSID Member States or purport to prohibit ICSID Member States from complying with ICSID awards.
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Szabó, Bálint, Imola N. Kirizsá, and László Vass. "Analytical and Numerical Approach to the Romanian Medieval Church Structures." Advanced Materials Research 133-134 (October 2010): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.133-134.355.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Whenever interventions on medieval churches are necessary, they must be approached as a whole, based on a numerical analysis of the load-bearing structure, especially if exceptional actions, like seismic ones, are present. Numerical analysis results can be successfully used in the assessment of quantitative elements for timber load-bearing structures. Nonetheless, masonry load-bearing subunits are more difficult to design and assess, results of the calculations made in case of elastic behaviour of the masonry structure being valid only until the first cracks. Numerical analysis can indicate, from a qualitative viewpoint, the behaviour of load-bearing structures of church buildings.. This paper presents the modelling principles of various types of load-bearing structural units belonging to medieval churches, which are subjected to dead loads and non-gravity actions, including Lutheran Church in Bistrita, Reformed Church in Aiud, Lutheran Church in Drauseni. , drafted within the Built Heritage Conservation Research and Design Centre – Utilitas, Cluj-Napoca City. It applies to three case studies, displaying their structural behaviour and contributing to the selection of appropriate strengthening methods
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Raluca Gh. Popescu and Popescu. "An Exploratory Study Based on a Questionnaire Concerning Green and Sustainable Finance, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Performance: Evidence from the Romanian Business Environment." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 12, no. 4 (October 18, 2019): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm12040162.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Green and sustainable finance, corporate social responsibility and financial and non-financial performance are attracting widespread interest due to the challenging times that the business environment is currently facing. Moreover, green and sustainable finance, corporate social responsibility, and intellectual and human capital have become central issues in measuring organizations’ success, competitive advantage and influence on the marketplace. This scientific paper seeks to address the relationship between corporate social responsibility, intellectual capital and performance, providing valuable insights and relevant evidence from a Romanian business environment. The questionnaire method was used for the targeted research objectives, which referred to: (a) Romanian organizations and local community understanding of green and sustainable finance, corporate social responsibility and intellectual capital; (b) corporate social responsibility actions taken by Romanian organizations and the local community; (c) main drivers of corporate social responsibility and intellectual capital in Romanian organizations; and (d) ways to enhance financial and non-financial performance of Romanian organizations with the aid of corporate social responsibility and intellectual capital. The findings support the idea of a strong relationship between corporate social responsibility, intellectual capital and performance in the Romanian business environment. Our work shows that, broadly speaking, Romanian entities operate on a socially responsible level, being aware of the importance and the advantages brought by both corporate social responsibility and intellectual capital when it comes to enhancing profit, productivity and performance. Our results are highly encouraging and may be validated by a larger sample size.
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Muşat, Raluca. "“To Cure, Uplift and Ennoble the Village”." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 27, no. 3 (December 23, 2012): 353–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325412467455.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Focusing on the project of cultural work ( muncă culturală), involving hundreds of university students from different disciplines going to the countryside to study rural life and to aid its modernisation, this article examines the prominent role sociology played in King Carol II’s Romania as a scientific tool for planning rural reform and as a practical project of mass social organisation. Designed and launched by the sociologist Dimitrie Gusti in 1934, cultural work competed with the fascist Legion of the Archangel Michael’s work camps, providing an “official” project of rural modernisation, meant to bridge the gap between the educated youth and the peasantry and increase support for the King. Largely ignored by scholars of this period, this project offers a new perspective on the country’s social, political, and intellectual history, one that concentrates on the “rise of the social” in Romania, to which the transformation of the peasantry was central.
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Tudorica, Alexandra, and Cristian Silviu Banacu. "The potential of intermodal transport projects in Romania." Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 11, no. 1 (July 1, 2017): 649–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/picbe-2017-0069.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The transport infrastructure sector is facing challenges related to the decarbonisation, financing and integrated developments, which need to be overcome so it can gain a competitive advantage among the strategic economic sectors. Known as a major pollutant, with 23.3 % of the total EU-28 GHG emissions in 2014, one of the transport policy objectives is to lower this percentage, by focusing on innovative solutions and modal shift (Eurostat, 2016). The White Paper (2011) promotes a sustainable development, aiming at a reduction by 60% by 2050 of the carbon emissions generated by the transport sector and at a modal shift from road to rail or waterborne transport for freight transport over 300 km with 30% by 2030, and more than 50% by 2050. The focus on an integrated development of the transport sector at the European level was reinforced with the adoption of the EU Regulation no. 1315/2013, marking the transition from a patchwork of different projects towards a vision for the achievement of an EU transport network. Moreover, another challenge is related to the scarce availability of the public money, making it necessary to attract private parties in the development of the transport infrastructure projects (The Investment Plan for Europe, 2014). Supporting the development of the intermodal transport is a way of surmounting the obstacles that this sector is confronting with, which is being implemented in Europe. The intermodal transport is introducing a paradigm shift, allowing the integration of the different transport modes together with their own advantages, as opposed to competing stand-alone modes and it can aid in the fight against climate change, scarce financial resources and congestion This article aims at determining the potential of Romania, as a member of European Union, to develop intermodal transport projects, to identify the funding sources, the obstacles and the solutions to promote the successful implementation of such projects.