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1
Tram, Nguyen Ngoc Bich, Nguyen Thuy Sieng, and Dao Nguyen Khoi. "Mapping agro-climatic zone for coffee crop in the Srepok River Basin." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1170, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1170/1/012003.
Анотація:
Abstract The objective of the present study was to map the agro-climatic zone for Robusta coffee crop in the Srepok River Basin. In this study, the trends of temperature and precipitation were identified using by the Mann – Kendall non-parametric test, the water deficit was calculated based on the CROPWAT model, and the agro-climatic zones for Robusta coffee crop were mapped using geographic information system (GIS). Results showed that the average annual temperature and the average annual rainfall had increasing trends. In addition, five agro-climatic zones were identified in the study area, including very appropriate, appropriate, neutral, restricted and inappropriate. Most of the territory was classified as Moderately Suitable for Robusta coffee. Suitable areas for the coffee cultivation were found in the east of the basin. Agro-climatic zoning will help managers and farmers improve crop yields effectively, avoid climate risks and maximize local advantages.
2
Shemyakin, Alexandr, Yuliya Lyashchuk, Alexey Martynushkin, Konstantin Ivanishchev, Elena Strokova, and Alexandr Krasnikov. "Analysis and assessment of the level of biological risks of activities of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex at the regional level." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 06057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125806057.
Анотація:
The article discusses the relevance of analyzing the level of biological risks from the point of view of activities of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. Agro-industrial complex enterprises deal with living organisms (plants and animals), characterized by a development cycle closely related to natural and climatic conditions, and subordination to the biological laws of the functioning of living things. This is the reason for risks being specific only to this industry (biological, climatic, risks of seasonality of production, etc.). Biological risks are the undisputed leaders in this list, since they pose a threat to the life and health of people when using the products of agricultural enterprises. The authors consider biological threats of human infection when eating livestock products, since (unlike plants) humans and animals have a common group of diseases called zooanthroponosis. The analysis of studies and opinions of specialists in veterinary and sanitary examination, microbiology, epizootology, infectious diseases and epidemiology allowed to compile a list of biological risk factors, identify criteria for assessing the degree of risk, and conduct their quantitative and qualitative assessment at the regional level.
3
Burlaka, Oleksii, Anton Kelemesh, and Oleksandr Gorbenko. "Elements of the Organization of Operational Technologies in Crop Production Considering Agrarian Risks." National Interagency Scientific and Technical Collection of Works. Design, Production and Exploitation of Agricultural Machines, no. 53 (2023): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2414-3820.2023.53.166-175.
Анотація:
The topic of the presented article covers the systematic evaluation of operational technologies in the field of crop production, where one of the key factors is the probability of failure to achieve the planned final production results under the influence of agrarian risks. Justification and selection of the optimal technology for growing and harvesting a certain group of agricultural crops is a complex multi-criteria technical and organizational task. At the same time, an urgent practical and pragmatic question arises: is it expedient in the difficult economic and political conditions of the country's economy to use the maximum of resource, technical and technological support of production processes in crop production, if the ratio "costs - the obtained result" can be much less than the expected planned indicators, and, at the same time, there is a significant influence of non-human-controlled factors regarding the cultivation and harvesting of agricultural crops. In this publication, we will consider the planning of production processes regarding the organization of operational technologies in crop production as an example of comparing and choosing the optimal option, considering agro-climatic risks, using the example of growing and harvesting winter wheat. When carrying out the production implementation of the recommendations described in the article on the topic of this study, it should be noted that when making an organizational and economic decision to determine the best relative resistance to agro-climatic risks of the system of operational mechanized technologies, the impact of risks is minimized and not excluded. If the occurrence of a complete crop loss event is critical for a given enterprise and leads to irreparable losses, then it is necessary to apply the system of index agricultural insurance with mandatory consideration of the specifics of the agro-climatic conditions of the region where agricultural production is carried out.
4
Spektor, Ludmila, and Tatiana Agafonova. "Insurance of the agro-industrial complex: prospects of legal regulation." E3S Web of Conferences 381 (2023): 01062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338101062.
Анотація:
The agro-industrial complex is an extensive and comprehensive sector that needs legal regulation for efficiency and legal protection. One of the labor-intensive and complex branches of the agricultural sector in the economy is agriculture. The complexity of economic development through the agricultural sector lies in the instability of climatic conditions in different rural areas of the Russian Federation. Two directions of development of the agro-industrial complex are considered. A new strategy for the development of the agro-industrial complex until 2030 is analyzed. Very careful attention is paid to the goals and directions of this strategy. There are certain strategic risks in the agro-industrial sector. Fluctuations in the economic situation and the application of sanctions by foreign countries create a negative environment for Russia in international trade. Due to the instability of economic and political factors, it can be said that the agro-industrial sector is a risky industry. Therefore, the way out of this situation is insurance of agro-industrial risks. Insurance refers to the protection of property that has suffered damage or loss in certain insurance cases, with the help of insurance funds. In the future, in the author's opinion, the development of insurance in agriculture should be carried out in the following directions: improvement of legislation, namely the adoption of a regulatory act regulating the specifics of insurance in the agricultural sector, taking into account the changed economic conditions.
5
Neufeld, Vasily Voldemarovich, Marina Evgenievna Kadomtseva, and Maksim Nikolaevich Osovin. "Monitoring of climatic changes and their impact on grain production in the Saratov region using remote sensing data." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 10 (November 17, 2021): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2021i10pp35-41.
Анотація:
Differentiated development of climatic risks in agricultural regions leads to fluctuations in yields and agricultural production volumes, disruption of food chains and a decrease in food reserves, thereby endangering sustainable agricultural production and creating risks for ensuring the country's food security. In the period from 1991 to 2019 in the Saratov region, using satellite monitoring data, a number of unfavorable meteorological (weather) phenomena were identified. The dependence of the main indicators of grain production in the Saratov region on the growing influence of negative climatic factors has been investigated. The necessity of taking into account the impact of hazardous meteorological (weather) phenomena in the system of strategic priorities, as well as when making forecasts for the socio-economic development of the region, modeling the influence of negative climatic factors on the structural balance of the agro-industrial complex has been substantiated.
6
Amadou, Diop, and Barro Diakarya. "Agro-Climatic Risks Analysis in Climate Variability Context in Ségou Region." Open Journal of Statistics 13, no. 01 (2023): 170–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojs.2023.131009.
7
Kamyshova, Galina. "Neural network models in reducing the risks of irrigated agriculture." E3S Web of Conferences 217 (2020): 10004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021710004.
Анотація:
The article presents the results of studies on the construction of neural network models that will help reduce risks and increase the efficiency of irrigated agriculture. The projected increase in food production on irrigated land is subject to significant risks of climatic and infrastructural nature. Irrigated agriculture, in the global understanding of interrelationships, is a complex dynamic system with nonlinear dependencies. Therefore, traditional approaches based only on physical modeling of environmental and technical processes and relationships often complicate the search for effective solutions. Technological advances that stimulate unprecedented data growth, the rapid extraction of meaningful information from the modern data flow can increase the efficiency of decisions and minimize risks. An approach based on the implementation of neural network models for predicting agro-climatic parameters and intelligent control of irrigation equipment using neurocontrollers is proposed. The models are implemented in the Matlab. The use of these models can significantly reduce risks and increase the efficiency of irrigated agriculture.
8
Lokossou, Romaric S., P. B. Irénikatché Akponikpè, Gaston S. Akouèhou, Augustin Orou Matilo, Moriel Prudencio, Romain Glèlè Kakaï, and Jean Ganglo. "Trend analysis of growing season characteristics and agro-climatic risks in the “Trois Rivières” forest reserve agro-ecosystems in North Benin." Theoretical and Applied Climatology 141, no. 1-2 (May 8, 2020): 645–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00704-020-03179-3.
9
KAUKORANTA, T., R. TAHVONEN, and A. YLÄMÄKI. "Climatic potential and risks for apple growing by 2040." Agricultural and Food Science 19, no. 2 (December 4, 2008): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.2137/145960610791542352.
Анотація:
The impact of climatic change in 19712040 on the potential production areas and risks to nine apple cultivars (Malus domestica Borkh.) was studied over continental Finland using agro-climatic indices and gridded daily mean (Tm) and minimum temperatures from the Rossby Centre regional atmospheric climate model (RCA3) with SRES A2. Point data on daily minimum temperatures from 14 weather stations and low and high warming scenarios were also used. From the 1970s to the present day, the areas of successful maturing of fruits have strongly expanded northwards. It is predicted that in 20112040, the warming of climate will allow expansion of commercial production in the south-eastern lake area, and a wider selection of cultivars for home gardens up to latitudes 6566°N. Risk of extremely low temperatures (Tm< -26 °C) has reduced from 1980s to the present but may not reduce much more in 20112040. Risk to shoots from fluctuating temperatures in winter and spring is likely to increase under the high warming scenario, more in the south-west than in the south-east. Risk to trees from cold days (Tm< -15 °C) with a concurrent thin snow cover is not predicted to increase. In the western inland of the country, below latitude 63°N, and in the south-western coast areas the frost risk during flowering may increase, especially in the early flowering cultivars. In order to adapt to and gain from the climatic change, breeding and testing targets should be modified within five years and they should include reduced sensitivity to temperature fluctuation in winter, late flowering, and frost tolerance of flowers.;
10
Hryvkivska, Oksana V., Roman M. Karpinskyi, and Oleksandr S. Prystеmskyi. "Innovative management of the production risks of agricultural enterprises." Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences 12, no. 2 (December 2, 2024): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22194/jgias/24.1250.
Анотація:
The article examines the innovative infrastructure in the management of production risks of agricultural enterprises, which is related to the rules for evaluating alternative scenarios for reducing threats in the production system of agricultural production entities in order to obtain the desired result. A methodical approach to the assessment of factors-tools in the innovative management of production risks, which activate the process of economic development of agricultural enterprises in an institutional environment, is presented. It is proved that the institutional determinants that manage the production risks of agricultural enterprises form a system whose effectiveness depends on the implementation of the relevant directions of economic development of agricultural institutes focused on the introduction of innovations into the production cycle. The structural dialectic connection of the concept of innovative development of agricultural enterprises with the cyclical development of the production system is presented. A structural and logical diagram of a methodical approach to the implementation of the mechanism of innovative management of production risks of agricultural enterprises has been built. A mathematical toolkit for evaluating scenarios of innovative management of production risks of agricultural enterprises is defined. Stimulating and disincentive factors-tools in the innovative management of production risks and their impact on the economic development of agricultural enterprises are determined. In order to determine the optimal scenarios for neutralizing threats to the economic development of agricultural enterprises, models of acceleration (deceleration) of the action of stimulating and disincentive factors-tools in the innovative management of production risks were built. The integral index of the economic development of agricultural enterprises of the agro-climatic regions of Ukraine in the pre-war, war-conflict and post-war periods was calculated. It has been established that due to the accumulation of a significant amount of production, financial, material, technical and innovative potential, the level of economic development of agricultural enterprises of the agro-climatic zones of the Forest-Steppe and Polissia increases, which characterizes their ability to reproduce the production system of agriculture in Ukraine.
11
KERIMOV, Ibragim, and Luiza BEKMURZAEVA. "Modern agro-climatic conditions of mountain landscapes in the North Caucasus." Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories 14, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 555–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-4-555-563.
Анотація:
Introduction. For the first time, the problem of global warming was officially announced in 1976 by the World Meteorological Organization. The most complete picture of ongoing climate change, causes, consequences and response strategies can be obtained from the reports of the IPCC (intergovernmental group of experts). There are many works devoted to regional climate changes, including those in the North Caucasus. However, these works do not reflect the modern agro-climatic conditions of the mountainous landscapes of the North Caucasus which occupy 27% of the territory and are actively involved in agriculture. Aim - analysis of modern agro-climatic conditions of the mountain landscapes of the North Caucasus in a changing climate. Materials and research methods. To assess agro-climatic conditions, traditional agro-climatic indicators were used, such as annual and average monthly air temperatures; sums of active temperatures exceeding 5 and 10°С; dates of stable transition of the average daily air temperature through 0, 5 and 10°C in spring and autumn; the duration of the period with an average daily temperature of 0, 5, 10 ° C, the average temperature of the coldest and warmest months of the calendar year, annual precipitation, hydrothermal coefficient. The processing of the material was carried out by methods of mathematical statistics using Excel spreadsheets. Processed data on temperature and precipitation in the period from 1961 to 2020 for six meteorological stations. Research results. For the period from 1961 to 2020, within the mountain landscapes of the North Caucasus, there is an increase in annual air temperature compared to the previous period by an average of 0,5 °C. Against the background of an increase in annual temperature, such agro climatic indicators as the sum of active temperatures increased, exceeding 5o and 10oC by 6 and 13%, respectively. The stable transition of the average daily air temperature through 0, 5, 10°C has also undergone changes. In spring, on average, this happens 5, 1, 6 days earlier. Whereas in autumn, on the contrary, 3, 1, 5 days later. The duration of the period with an average daily temperature of 0, 5, 10 °C increased by an average of 10, 3, 13 days, respectively. Precipitation increased at all meteorological stations, with the exception of the Klukhorsky cross, by an average of 45 mm. The hydrothermal coefficient, which characterizes precipitation during the growing season, remained within the limits of natural fluctuation, except for the Klukhorsky cross, where it decreased due to a decrease in precipitation during the warm period. Discussion. The analysis of the agro-climatic conditions of the mountain landscapes of the North Caucasus for 1961-2020. revealed trends in the growth of annual temperature and precipitation, however, the moisture supply of the active vegetation period, estimated using the HTC, remained unchanged. Our results correlate with the official data of Rosgydromet, published in the Report on the peculiarities of the climate of the Russian Federation for 2021. Conclusion. The study allows us to state that in the mountainous landscapes of the North Caucasus, climatic changes proceed according to the scenario of an increase in air temperature and precipitation. As a result, agro-climatic indicators have changed: the sum of active temperatures has increased, exceeding 5o and 10oC and the duration of the period with an average daily temperature of 0, 5, 10oC, the dates of a stable transition through 0, 5, 10oC have changed, precipitation has increased, but the HTC has remained within the natural fluctuation . The stability of the HTC indicator indicates the stability of landscape boundaries, despite the observed changes in agro-climatic indicators. Resume. The observed climatic changes within the mountain landscapes of the North Caucasus contribute to an increase in the productivity of agricultural production by improving the conditions for heat and moisture supply to the territory. Suggestions for practical application and direction for future research. The results of the study can be useful for updating the schemes of agricultural zoning of the mountainous territories of the North Caucasus, as well as for developing land use schemes based on contour farming, which reduces the risks of adverse natural phenomena, including those caused by climate change.
12
Bannikova, Natalia, Natalia Telnova, and Victoria Markarova. "Innovation activity in agriculture and the issues of its assessment." Western Balkan Journal of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development 3, no. 1 (2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/wbjae2101001b.
Анотація:
The article describes the level of innovative activities of Russian agricultural businesses based on currently accepted indicators and justifies the limitations for their application in agriculture, taking into account its peculiar features. As an example the article considers a large agro-holding, which conducts active innovative activities aimed at the development of precision agriculture. The article shows the potential of correlation-regression analysis for the detection of the influence of particular technological innovations on the obtained result, as well as the potential of timeseries analysis for the assessment of major agriculturally-significant climatic risks.
13
Gbaguidi, H. E., F. Avahounlin Ringo, L. A. S. Tometin, A. L. Kouderin, G. Danhossou, Alamou Eric, and Vissin Expedit. "OCCURRENCE OF RAINFALL EXTREMES AND RISKS OF FLOODING IN AGROECOLOGICAL ZONE 5 OF BENIN." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 01 (January 31, 2023): 1620–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/16185.
Анотація:
The objective of this study is to characterize the risk of flooding in the Agro zone 5 of Benin. The methodological approach can be summarized in several stages: the determination of the various climatic extreme indices (Rx1day, R95p and R99p) obtained by the rain data from the stations of Bohicon, Save and Parakou, then the analysis of the occurrence of these indices is made by the frequency analysis method, and finally the mapping of areas at risk of flooding is carried out based on the geological funds, the Digital Terrain Model (DTM), the land use units and rainfall data at the various stations covering the study area. The identification of areas at risk of flooding is governed by the combination of thematic maps based on the multi-criteria analysis method. The vulnerability map is obtained thanks to three physical factors which are: the slope, the drainage density and the geological units. The hazard map is obtained by combining land cover and rain fields. The results of this research reveal that in the Agro zone 5 of Benin, daily maximum rainfall of 60.68mm and 126.43mm has a probability of 0.5% and 0.2% of occurring for return periods of 2 and 5 years. The combination of the vulnerability and flood risk map shows that high and very high flood risk areas cover 24% of the total area of the study area.
14
Montsant, Anton, Oriol Baena, Lluís Bernárdez, and Jordi Puig. "Modelling the impacts of climate change on potential cultivation area and water deficit in five Mediterranean crops." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 19, no. 2 (May 17, 2021): e0301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2021192-17112.
Анотація:
Aim of study: To assess the impacts of climate change on local agriculture with a high resolution in a Mediterranean region with a diversity of climates.Area of study: Catalonia (NW Spain).Material and methods: Based on historical meteorological records and a regionalization of the RCP4.5 model created by the Catalan Meteorological Service, the Papadakis agro-climate classification was calculated for two climate scenarios. The changes in agro-climatic suitability and irrigation needs of five typical Mediterranean crops (alfalfa, almond, barley, olive and orange) were analysed. Main results: In the 2031-2050 climate scenario, over 15% of the study area will no longer be adequate for non-irrigated almond or olive, at locations in which they have been traditionally rainfed crops. If irrigation is provided, orange is likely to become agro-climatically suited for the entire Catalan coastline. Were the current crop distribution maintained, irrigation needs may increase on average 16% in the study area in the future scenario.Research highlights: High-resolution GIS data may be combined with Papadakis’ classical method to compare different climate scenarios and detect risks and opportunities for local and regional agriculture.
15
YERNAZAROVA, Anar, Karlygash ALYONOVA, Zhibek ANAFIYAYEVA, Anar NUKESHEVA NUKESHEVA, Adaskhan DARIBAYEVA, and Azhar KIZIMBAYEVA. "Competitiveness of Milk Production. New Perspectives for Developing a New Direction in Tourism: Dairy Tourism." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 14, no. 2 (March 31, 2023): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v14.2(66).07.
Анотація:
The presence of natural and economic risks in agriculture is inherent in many countries, including the Republic of Kazakhstan, which makes the development of the agricultural sector an urgent issue for agricultural producers, especially now when the integration of agro-tourism, which is a kind of breakthrough for the development of rural industry and the revitalization of rural areas, takes place. Integration of agro-ecological efficiency and agrotourism is also closely connected with the competitiveness of milk production by farms and the development of a new direction "dairy tourism", so the study of the relationship between them is of great importance for the implementation of agro-ecological quality development. Kazakhstan has favorable conditions for the development of dairy tourism sector due to the area of cultivated agricultural land, favorable natural and climatic conditions, large volume of dairy products market, positive trends in economic development of the country and, as a consequence, growth of solvent demand, which makes the dairy sector attractive. The aim of the research is to substantiate theoretical provisions and analyze the impact of agrotourism on the efficiency of dairy production competitiveness management in farms (on the example of the northern region of Kazakhstan).
16
Kiplagat, Wailly K., Gilbert O. Ouma, Ali A. Ali, Philip A. Omondi, and Joseph T. Lolemtum. "Agro-Pastoralists Viable Options towards Sustainable Climate Change Adaptation in West Pokot County, Kenya." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. IV (2023): 657–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.7454.
Анотація:
Climate change and variability is one of the most important developmental and environmental challenges on sustainable agricultural productions threatening small scale agro pastoral community livelihoods. This study examines how the agro pastoral community respond to the current and future weather and climate risks and recommend viable options towards sustainable climate change adaptation by small scale agro pastoralist community in West Pokot County, Kenya. The study adopted mixed research design combining both quantitative and qualitative data sources using stratified, purposive and random sampling techniques. Primary data was collected from a sample of 384 household heads and validated through focused group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews (KIIs) and general observations. Data collected on perception to climate change were coded and analysed using descriptive and qualitative content analysis. The study found that the community have a thorough knowledge and understanding of their environment with perceptions revealing degradation of the available natural resources largely due to deforestation arising from agricultural land expansion. Drought, deforestation, landslides, floods and soil erosion are some of the major events adversely affect crop and livestock and contribute to vulnerability presently and in the future. The viable options recommended to reduce the present and improve future weather and climatic risks are awareness creation, tree planting, good agricultural practices, government support and agricultural insurance. The findings are key in guiding state and non-state actors together with the community in local level decision making for the conservation and restoration of degradation hotspots towards sustainable management of natural resources, resilience building, poverty reduction, food nutrition and livelihood security.
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Namrueva, Ludmila. "Climate Impact on Risks in the Agricultural Sector Exemplified by Arid Region." Regionalnaya ekonomika. Yug Rossii, no. 2 (August 2021): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/re.volsu.2021.2.15.
Анотація:
Despite modernization, digitalization, and informatization of human activity, economic systems continue to depend on natural factors. First of all, this applies to the agricultural sector, which depends on the dynamics of temperature, amount of precipitation, which affect the cultivation of crops, state of pastures, which is important for the development of animal husbandry. The purpose of this article is to analyze the situation in the Republic of Kalmykia in 2020 caused by natural and climatic disasters. For this purpose, the author used such methods as the analysis of documents, materials of the national and federal media, observation, interviewing during a scientific expedition to the regions of the republic. This approach allowed us to hear the opinions of rural residents whose livelihoods were affected by the unprecedented climatic drought and get a reliable picture of the consequences of the natural anomaly. The Republic of Kalmykia is the driest in the southern part of European Russia. Rural areas of the republic are regularly affected by drought, one successful year alternates with two or three unfavorable ones. The analyzed year of 2020 was the driest, which brought huge losses to the agricultural sector of the republic. About 54 agricultural organizations and 1,416 peasant farms were affected, the productivity of pastures in the republic fell by two or three times due to the drought, and even more in the most affected areas. Agricultural producers suffer huge losses, which will further affect the development of the region’s agro-industrial complex. The article analyzes how internal (agricultural enterprises, farms, authorities, the Ministry of Agriculture) and external resources (federal authorities) interacted in overcoming the emergencies. The lack of scientific analysis of the relationship between natural, climatic and economic factors hinders not only the adoption of the necessary measures to support the region, but also the prevention of negative consequences of various natural anomalies, and the timely and adequate response to them.
18
Penot, Eric, Valentin Fevre, Patricia Flodrops, and Hanitriniaina Mamy Razafimahatratra. "Conservation Agriculture to buffer and alleviate the impact of climatic variations in Madagascar: farmers’ perception." Cahiers Agricultures 27, no. 2 (March 2018): 25003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2018009.
Анотація:
Conservation Agriculture (CA) has been promoted during the last 15 years in Madagascar to develop a sustainable rainfed agriculture in order to cope with low fertility upland soils, soil erosion, low productivity and erratic rainfall. If CA does provide a better sustainability with adapted cropping patterns when adopted, a question is, whether CA is able to alleviate the impact of climatic variations thanks to the mulching effect and to which extent. We took the example of medium altitude zones in the Lake Alaotra area to illustrate farmers’ perceptions. If climate change is not proven in these areas, climatic variations are very high and erratic rainfall patterns at the beginning of the rainy season induce serious risks of crop failure. Two surveys were implemented in 2013: (i) on CA changing practices of 92 farmers (during the 10 years project duration) and (ii) on the evolution of behavior among 28 farmers who have recently adopted CA (less than 5 years). In CA systems, the mulch contributes to better cropping systems resilience and helps alleviating the effect of climatic variations. If a limited number of farmers have effectively adopted CA practices, in the long run, most farmers have developed innovative cropping systems between conventional agriculture and CA, to address their own constraints, leading to a widespread range of agro-ecological practices. A typology of behavior is presented to identify farmers’ strategies regarding risks in a context characterized by multiple uncertainties.
19
Файзрахманов, Джаудат, Dzhaudat Fayzrakhmanov, Альбина Хайруллин, Al'bina Hayrullin, Ленар Хазеев, and Lenar Khazeev. "INVESTMENT RISKS IN AGRICULTURE AND INTEGRATION OF THE MECHANISM OF RISK MANAGEMENT INTO THE GENERAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF THE ENTERPRISE." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, no. 3 (October 30, 2019): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5db99732317e48.92407015.
Анотація:
Investments perform the functions of a special “engine”, contributing to the effective functioning and development of business, as well as various areas of the economy. Agriculture is one of the most important sectors of the economy of any country, which is associated with the need to ensure the food security of the state, therefore, the agricultural sector is also in dire need of investment. Today, the government of the Republic of Tatarstan provides substantial support to the development of the agro-industrial complex of the region through the implementation of various federal and state programs. This condition allows to improve the investment climate of the region and attract new potential investors. At the same time, attracting private investment is the key condition for the growth of this industry. But due to the specificity of the conditions of doing business in the agrarian sector (the dependence of the results of activity on climatic, biologically and environmental factors), as well as increased riskiness, investors do not seek to consider the agro-industrial complex as a promising direction for investmentHowever, of course, the high cost of organizing an RMS and the need to attract highly qualified personnel make it difficult, and sometimes completely limit the possibility of its integration.
20
MIGUNOV, R. A., and A. A. SYUTKINA. "RESEARCH OF CHALLENGES OF THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX AS THE BASIS OF STRATEGIC GOAL-SETTING OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR." Izvestiâ Timirâzevskoj selʹskohozâjstvennoj akademii, no. 4 (2022): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/0021-342x-2022-3-135-145.
Анотація:
Based on a systematic approach, the article examines the main macroeconomic global and national challenges in the development of the domestic agro-industrial complex that affect the sustainable development of the industry and the achievement of national development goals of the Russian Federation. It is shown that the identification of the main challenges facing the development of the domestic agro-industrial complex is the primary basis for developing goals for the strategic development of the agrarian sector. In the work, on the basis of a complex of sources, the main global challenges are identified: demographic growth and hunger; lack of resources within the framework of the existing AIC3.0 model; ethical restrictions and risks; growing threats of the spread of dangerous infectious diseases; natural and climatic changes; external geopolitical and sanctions pressure. National barriers are also identified: lagging behind developed countries in the process of transition to a new technological order; import dependence in the context of growing external restrictions and challenges for Russia; food waste and product losses at the storage, processing and logistics stages; value restrictions; socio-physiological factors. Responses to these challenges and limitations are the basis a new model of economic development of the Russian agro-industrial complex.
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MIGUNOV, R. A., and A. A. SYUTKINA. "RESEARCH OF CHALLENGES OF THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX AS THE BASIS OF STRATEGIC GOAL-SETTING OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR." Izvestiâ Timirâzevskoj selʹskohozâjstvennoj akademii, no. 4 (2022): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/0021-342x-2022-4-135-145.
Анотація:
Based on a systematic approach, the article examines the main macroeconomic global and national challenges in the development of the domestic agro-industrial complex that affect the sustainable development of the industry and the achievement of national development goals of the Russian Federation. It is shown that the identification of the main challenges facing the development of the domestic agro-industrial complex is the primary basis for developing goals for the strategic development of the agrarian sector. In the work, on the basis of a complex of sources, the main global challenges are identified: demographic growth and hunger; lack of resources within the framework of the existing AIC3.0 model; ethical restrictions and risks; growing threats of the spread of dangerous infectious diseases; natural and climatic changes; external geopolitical and sanctions pressure. National barriers are also identified: lagging behind developed countries in the process of transition to a new technological order; import dependence in the context of growing external restrictions and challenges for Russia; food waste and product losses at the storage, processing and logistics stages; value restrictions; socio-physiological factors. Responses to these challenges and limitations are the basis a new model of economic development of the Russian agro-industrial complex.
22
Kostyukova, E. I., M. V. Feskova, and M. K. Dzhikiya. "Features of state support in the system of food security and the development of accounting and information support in crop production." Buhuchet v sel'skom hozjajstve (Accounting in Agriculture), no. 12 (December 22, 2022): 786–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-11-2212-01.
Анотація:
In the system of ensuring the country’s food security, agricultural producers occupy one of the key positions. Conducting agricultural activities is accompanied by certain risks associated with the influence of natural and climatic factors, productivity, changes in prices for raw materials, sales of products. Therefore, state support for the agro-industrial complex and the effective organization of all business processes of an economic entity contribute to improving the effectiveness of the financial and economic activities of agricultural producers. The article considers the procedure for state support of agricultural producers, as well as the impact of the specifics of agricultural production on the accounting process, in particular on the calculation of the cost of agricultural products
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Yakovenko, Nataliya A., and Irina S. Ivanenko. "Substantiation of structural changes priorities in the Saratov region agro-food complex." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Economics. Management. Law 23, no. 3 (August 22, 2023): 269–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1994-2540-2023-23-3-269-277.
Анотація:
Introduction. Modern challenges and threats to the development of the Russian agro-food complex determine the search for new growth sources of the complex, the strengthening of orientation towards the formation of a balanced functional and sectoral structure. The relevance of the regional aspect of research and substantiation of structural changes in the agro-food complex is associated with a deep socio-economic, natural-climatic and socio-cultural differentiation of the country’s regions. Theoretical analysis. Changing the role of regions in solving food security problems and providing the population with quality food is a global trend. The rupture of global food chains as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the sanctions confrontation strengthens the influence of local producers on the food market, suggests the need to form a multilevel agro-food complex of the country. Structural changes in the agro-food complex of Russia have their own characteristics associated with the heterogeneity of its spatial development. Empirical analysis. The accelerated growth of the agricultural sector of Saratov region economy due to the concentration on the production of a limited group of agricultural products (cereals and oilseeds, sugar) has been revealed. The regional food market segments, which have a surplus and shortage of products, are determined. It is substantiated that current trends extrapolation in the development of the regional agro-food complex preserves its unbalanced structure and further growth in the share of raw materials and primary processing products, while reducing the share of deep processing products. Results. Adaptation to new risks and threats is associated with an increasing trend towards the localization of production and supply of agricultural products and food. The priority areas for the development of the regional food system should be the diversification of agro-food production, local food chains formation with deep processing of agricultural raw materials, and the intensification of interregional exchange.
24
Konuspayev, R. A., T. Zh Demesinov, and T. A. Taipov. "Diversification strategy in agro-industrial complex." Problems of AgriMarket, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46666/2021-2.2708-9991.03.
Анотація:
The relevance of the topic of the article is determined by the importance of diversification of production aimed to increase the competitiveness of agro-industrial complex at the present stage of economic development. The goal is to analyze the features of transformation of organizational and production structure of agricultural enterprise, which consists in supplementing it with new types of products, technologies, suppliers, etc. Objectives to show the importance of diversification processes to ensure sustainability of agricultural producers to negative changes in the external and internal environment. Results – it is noted that the priority areas of diversification in agro-industrial production include the organization of new branches of crop and livestock production, the inclusion of productive species, varieties or hybrids of crops in crop rotations, the development of processing sectors, the system of material and technical supply and marketing of products, etc. commodity diversity, reorientation of sales markets in agro-industrial complex is especially important in view of high risks of doing business associated with the high dependence of its results on weather conditions of the year, soil and natural-climatic factors, etc. The conducted analysis shows that the important conditions for deepening structural restructuring include developed agricultural policy of the State, a system of effective measures for regulating and supporting the industry, attracting investment in the development of agricultural sector and financial markets. The performed studies allowed us to draw the following main conclusions – diversification of production is a promising direction for the development of economic activity of enterprises, ensuring the growth of their proceeds from product sales, profits and profitability.
25
Aka, Kadio Saint Rodrigue, Sêmihinva Akpavi, and N’Da Hyppolite Dibi. "Yam Production-Related Agro-climatological Risks and Yam Yield Modeling in Côte d’Ivoire: A Review." Journal of Agricultural Science 16, no. 5 (April 15, 2024): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v16n5p42.
Анотація:
In this paper, we present a review of the agro-climatological-related risk of yam production and models developed for yam yield prediction in Côte d’Ivoire. Four official national platforms (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MINADER), National Center for Agricultural Research (CNRA), National Agency for Rural Development Support (ANADER), Airport, Aeronautical and Meteorological Exploitation and Development Company (SODEXAM)) and six scientific search engines were investigated in this study including Theses.fr, African Journal Online, Science Direct, Google Scholar, WorldCat and Semantic Scholar. Using the boolean parameters “AND”, “OR” and “()” to facilitate and direct our search, we were able to define four key phrases comprising the topic words that were used in the search. Exclusion and inclusion criteria for the selection of documents were also defined in advance, as well as the criteria for reviewing and extracting information from selected documents. The results showed that no work in the field of agro-climatological risks related to yam production and yam yield modeling in Côte d’Ivoire was available on these online research platforms at the time of this literature review. However, other studies similar to the scope of this review on yam exist in several West African countries, particularly Ghana, Benin and Nigeria, and also in the Caribbean. These studies use simulation models such as the Approach for Land Use Sustainability (SALUS) model, the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) model and the Cropping Systems Simulation (CROPSYST) model for growth, yield modeling and the influence of climatic parameters on yam. In addition to these models, artificial intelligence through machine learning models was also seen in this review as an excellent tool for yield prediction for several crops including yams.
26
Калінеску, Т. В., та С. С. Пономарьова. "ВИКОРИСТАННЯ СПРОЩЕНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ОПОДАТКУВАННЯ АГРОВИРОБНИКАМИ". TIME DESCRIPTION OF ECONOMIC REFORMS, № 2 (20 липня 2020): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/cher.2020.2.06.
Анотація:
It is examined the influence of the simplified taxation system on stimulation of home agro business development. The aim of the article is research of the existent taxation system of agro producers and optimization of the tax pressure on the payers of the united tax. Methodological basis of research became the modern theories of taxation and finances in the conditions of global calls, climatic risks and necessities of home and foreign consumers. In undertaken studies the used methods of dialectics, methods and principles of scientific cognition and instruments of analysis the systems for the exposure of influence the simplified system of taxation on activity of agro producers. The basic hypothesis of research became supposition that optimization of the tax loading on agro producers must take a place with a selection of volumes of possessing agricultural resources, prepared products and level of the got profits. Exposition of basic material. It is educed that development and total revenue of agro industrial enterprises depend from the level of taxation of their activity, but sum prepaid tax by the agrarian enterprises does not depend from the got profits and does not answer principles of regulative function of taxes. Originality and practical meaningfulness of research are confirmed by the ground analysis of agro producer’s activity, which work for the simplified system of taxation. An proposed differentiation the united tax payers of 4-th group has the applied value, and similar approach can be used for determination of rates the other groups of the simplified system of taxation. Conclusions and prospects of further researches. An offer groupie of agro producers, which work for the simplified system of taxation, will allow bringing down the tax pressure, stimulating further development of agrarian business in the direction of accordance the European standards of agro products quality. Further researches will be sent to the improvement of the simplified system of taxation of stimulation and development of complete cycle of agribusiness beginning from growing of products, processing and, ending, by an eventual consumption is not only food industry, but other industries of national economy, like light industry, green energy and tourism.
27
Zuma-Netshiukhwi G., Mathye M. C., Padi N. A., Khiba M. D., and Seepamore M. K. "Smallholder Farmers’ Perception of Climate Risks at Municipality Level in South Africa." Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research 23, no. 3 (October 10, 2023): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaar/2023/v23i3465.
Анотація:
High dependence on rain-fed agriculture impose smallholder farmers to a plethora of climate risks which are detrimental to agroecosystems and socio-economic status. Assessment of the impact of climate variability and change at farm level is key to developing suitable agro-advisories toward mitigating climate risks. Smallholder farmers in the semi-arid areas of South Africa are most vulnerable to heightened sensitivity to extreme weather events and inadequate exposure to adaptive capacity. The increasing pressures brought in by weather events, soil degradation, loss of biodiversity, increasing population is threatening food security and sustainable livelihoods. The study conducted a reconnaissance review with smallholder farmers from selected local municipalities in KwaZulu-Natal and Free State provinces. The purpose for this analysis was to determine local climate related challenges, gaps, shocks and barriers. The survey further, identified agricultural practices, climate risks, access to climate related advisories, access to other scientific knowledge and factors hindering sustainability, stability, and profitability. We further discussed the importance of drought in situ monitoring since drought was identified as the measure limiting factor to agricultural productivity. The existing challenge on the dissemination of scientific knowledge and the accessibility of agrometeorological application knowledge to smallholder farmers. Thus overcoming the constraints limiting the adoption of climate smart agriculture, weather and climate use, and minimise climatic risks and improve smallholder agricultural production.
28
SHARKOVA, Hanna, Kseniia KOVTUNENKO, and Yuliia PRODIUS. "Risk management of the agricultural enterprise in the conditions of supervision of external markets." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 5/3 (May 29, 2020): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2020.5(3).1.
Анотація:
Introduction. The agro-industrial complex consists of a complex system, using the power of all the main features of the system: the complexity of work, the complexity of efficient resources. The state of the agro-industrial complex is an important indicator of a sustainable national economy whenever needed as a whole. Given the economic and political instability of recent years, risk management of agricultural enterprises is becoming one of the most pressing issues. The purpose of this paper is to identify and study the main risks that manifest themselves in agriculture in the acquisition of foreign markets, to determine the characteristics of the manifestation of risk in the activities of agricultural enterprises in modern economic conditions. Result. Risks are possible adverse events that may occur and as a result of which there may be losses, property losses of participants in foreign economic activity. Entering a foreign market is always an introduction to competition. The main risks of an agricultural enterprise in mastering the foreign market: weather conditions; unsatisfactory production resources and products; undesirable changes in the quality and quantity of factors of production, reducing the quality of seed, fertilizers. Unpredictability of natural and climatic conditions and changes in harvest volumes, fluctuations in prices in domestic and foreign markets are the main factors influencing changes in incomes of agricultural producers. Conclusion. Risk is the probability of deviation of the real value of the studied process, phenomenon, event from the planned one, which leads to diversity in the decision-making process to improve the efficiency of agricultural production. It is necessary to develop a methodology for determining the nature of the risk in relation to agricultural production and highlight the main features of its manifestation in agriculture.
29
Muralikrishnan, L., Rabindra N. Padaria, Anchal Dass, Anil K. Choudhary, Bharat Kakade, Shadi Shokralla, Tarek K. Zin El-Abedin, Khalid F. Almutairi, and Hosam O. Elansary. "Elucidating Traditional Rice Varieties for Consilient Biotic and Abiotic Stress Management under Changing Climate with Landscape-Level Rice Biodiversity." Land 10, no. 10 (October 8, 2021): 1058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10101058.
Анотація:
Rice is grown under diverse agro-climatic conditions and crop management regimes across the globe. Emerging climatic-vulnerabilities and the mismatched farm practices are becoming major challenges for poor or declining rice productivity in potential rice growing regions, especially South Asia. In the biodiversity-rich landscapes of South Asia, many traditional rice varieties (TRVs) are known to exhibit resilience to climate change and climate adaptation besides their therapeutic benefits. Hence, a random sample survey of farmers (n = 320), alongwith secondary data collection from non-governmental organizations/farmers’ organizations/farmers, led to documentation of the information on TRVs’ biodiversity in South Asia. The current study (2015–2019) explored and documented ~164 TRVs which may enhance the resilience to climatic-risks with improved yields besides their unique therapeutic benefits. A large number of TRVs have still not been registered by scientific organizations due to poor awareness by the farmers and community organizations. Hence, it is urgently needed to document, evaluate and harness the desired traits of these TRVs for ecological, economic, nutritional and health benefits. This study suggests taking greater cognizance of TRVs for their conservation, need-based crop improvement, and cultivation in the niche-areas owing to their importance in climate-resilient agriculture for overall sustainable rice farming in South Asia so as to achieve the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals.
30
Sanjeevaiah, Shivaramu Huchahanumegowdanapalya, Kodandarama Shettygowdanadoddi Rudrappa, Mohankumar Thavakadahalli Lakshminarasappa, Lingaraj Huggi, Manjunatha Melekote Hanumanthaiah, Sowmya Dadireddihalli Venkatappa, Nagesha Lingegowda, and Sheshshayee M. Sreeman. "Understanding the Temporal Variability of Rainfall for Estimating Agro-Climatic Onset of Cropping Season over South Interior Karnataka, India." Agronomy 11, no. 6 (June 2, 2021): 1135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11061135.
Анотація:
Annual, seasonal and intra-seasonal variations in rainfall affect crop production from land preparation to the realization of potential crop yield in a region. Particularly, the onset of the rainy season is most crucial for determining the sowing period. Statistical analysis (Modified Mann-Kendall aka MMK-test for trend and likelihood ratio test for shifting pattern) of 60 years rainfall of south interior Karnataka (SIK) inferred the presence of temporal variability in rainfall. There was a monotonic increase in rainfall of February, March, April, June and August months (a positive sign of MM-K (tau) value), with a negligible rate of change (Sen’s slope towards zero). Upon seasonal analysis, there was a significant increase in winter, pre-monsoon and monsoonal rainfall as compared to post-monsoonal rainfall (higher Sen’s slope for pre-monsoon), indicating a need for agronomic interventions for estimating an effective date of sowing for reducing risks of crop production. Further, the agro-climatic onset of cropping season was estimated by considering soil–crop–water relations. Earlier onset of cropping season was estimated based on thresholds of soil–crop–water relations, which highlights sowing of crops in advance (May 1st fortnight) instead of late (June 1st fortnight) to avoid crop losses due to early-season drought.
31
Alhassane, Agali, Seyni Salack, Mohamed Ly, Issaka Lona, Seydou B. Traoré, and Benoît Sarr. "Evolution of agro-climatic risks related to the recent trends of the rainfall regime over the Sudano-Sahelian region of West Africa." Sécheresse 24, no. 4 (October 2013): 282–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/sec.2013.0400.
32
Phogat, V., J. W. Cox, J. Šimůnek, and P. Hayman. "Modeling water and salinity risks to viticulture under prolonged sustained deficit and saline water irrigation." Journal of Water and Climate Change 11, no. 3 (May 21, 2018): 901–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2018.186.
Анотація:
Abstract A numerical model (HYDRUS-1D) was used to evaluate the impacts of the long-term (2004–2015) use of sustained deficit irrigation (10% (D10%) and 20% (D20%) less than full), irrigations with increased water salinity (ECiw of 0.5 and 0.8 dS/m), 50% deficit irrigation during a drought period (DD50%), and DD50% coupled with an increased salinity of water (ECiw of 0.5 and 0.8 dS/m) on the water balance and salinity dynamics under grapevine in two soils at two locations with different climatic conditions. The results showed that D20% and DD50% significantly reduced water uptake and seasonal drainage (Dr) by the vines as compared to full irrigation. Vineyards established in light-textured soils showed two to five times larger drainage losses as compared to heavy-textured soils. The results revealed that the slight increase in the electrical conductivity of irrigation water (ECiw = 0.5 and 0.8 dS/m) increased the risks in terms of the amount of salts deposited in the soil and transport of large quantities of irrigation-induced salts beyond the root zone. Hence, it is imperative to monitor all of the important water, soil, and salinity drivers of agro-hydro-geological systems to understand the hydro-salinity dynamics and to ensure the long-term sustainability of irrigated viticulture.
33
Ortega-Pozo, Jose Luis, Francisco Javier Alcalá, José Manuel Poyatos, and Jaime Martín-Pascual. "Wastewater Reuse for Irrigation Agriculture in Morocco: Influence of Regulation on Feasible Implementation." Land 11, no. 12 (December 16, 2022): 2312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11122312.
Анотація:
Morocco is a water-scarce developing country with a growing marketable agro-food industry, where untreated or insufficiently treated wastewater represents less than 1% of the irrigation water and treated wastewater reuse is virtually nil. The Government of Morocco is planning to increase the volume of treated wastewater reuse for irrigation agriculture under the current permissive regulation to alleviate the pressure on conventional water sources. However, the reuse of insufficiently treated wastewater implies environmental and human health risks besides the degradation of land and renewable natural resources. This paper shows the feasibility of increasing wastewater reuse for irrigation agriculture in Morocco and how the existing permissive regulation must be improved to force more efficient technologies aimed at ensuring the export of agricultural goods to the most restrictive international markets. The results show how the quality standards of Moroccan regulation are below that of their equivalents in developed countries, as well as in most of the consulted developing countries. After verifying that tertiary treatment is financially feasible, the updated regulation must also consider climatic water scarcity and the locally low cultural perception of environmental and human health risks in order to design optimal solutions.
34
Sviridova, Elena Viktorovna, Olga Anatolievna Gavrilova, and Sergey Arturovich Khechoyan. "Identification of risk factors of agricultural production in Astrakhan region." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics 2022, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2022-2-89-94.
Анотація:
The article considers the conditions for risk factors, classifies them, determines the specific risk-forming factors inherent in the Astrakhan region of the agricultural industry. There have been developed methods to reduce the influence of risk-forming factors in the agro-industrial complex. The main types of production and market risks in agriculture influencing the commodity producers are analyzed. The specificity, abundance and uncontrolled nature of risks lower the investment attractiveness of the industry. Today not only agricultural producers, but also the state should prevent from reducing the level of agricultural risks, which will be an effective step in attracting private investment into the industry. There has been proposed a basis for building a risk management system which helps the agrarian managers correctly assess the current market, production and climatic situation, predict the future and develop measures to reduce risks to the level at which they will not have a significant impact on the development of the enterprise. The structure of selling the physical volume of agricultural products of the Astrakhan region in 2021 is analyzed. It has been stated that a promising direction for the development of crop production in the Astrakhan region is the production of greenhouse vegetables. The characteristics of vegetable production, which determine specific sources of risks, are listed. Tools and methods for reducing risks in agriculture of the Astrakhan region are studied in detail. Conclusions are drawn about the need to apply the practical and applied methods, techniques and mechanisms, taking into account the specifics of the industry, as well as the managerial nature of both individual enterprises and the industry as a whole.
35
K. BOOMIRAJ, SUHAS P. WANI, P. K. AGGARWAL, and K. PALANISAMI. "Climate change adaptation strategies for agro-ecosystem – a review." Journal of Agrometeorology 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2010): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v12i2.1297.
Анотація:
Agriculture the major economic and social activity in the globe. It is understood that agriculture is highly sensitive to climatic variability and likely to be affected most to predicted climate change. The fourth assessment report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has reconfirmed that the phenomenon of existence of climate change in recent decades is due to anthropogenic activities. It is also revealed the availability of wide array of adaptation options for agro-ecosystem to cope up with the impact of climate change. However, it is important to design more extensive adaptation strategies to reduce vulnerability of agriculture and rural poor to impacts of climate change. Climate change impacts and responses are presently observed as autonomous adaptation in the physical and ecological systems as well as in human adjustments to resource availability and risks at different spatial and trophic levels. But these strategies are not enough to reduce the current anthropogenic driven climate change, so there is a need to adopt the planned adaptation. This paper reviews the findings based on the series of studies carried across the globe on the potential adaptation strategies to alleviate the impact of climate change by improving the resilience of the agro-ecosystems. Adaptation strategies have to be in place to reduce vulnerability to climate change through developing consensus between industrialized countries and developing countries at global scale, whereas new public policies in place at national regional and local level is prudent to support adaptation research, insurances, incentives to farmers to adapt new technologies.
36
Farmanov, Tulkin, Nilufar Yuldasheva, Imomnazar Tursunov, Ziyoda Madumarova, and Rahima Mirkurbanova. "Application of game theory simulation in the management of an agro-industrial enterprise." E3S Web of Conferences 420 (2023): 08011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202342008011.
Анотація:
In the context of climate change, the agro-industrial complex certainly belongs to the class of complex production and economic systems, and in practice experiments to improve the management of such systems are dangerous because they can lead to unexpected and irreversible changes. According to the proposed scenario, agriculture in Uzbekistan will be extremely dangerous, as agricultural production depends on a number of risks, such as geopolitical situation, water scarcity, soil, weather, climatic conditions, pesticides, seeds, price differences, flow of organisms and diseases. mentions several of these game theory theories. This article discusses one of the decision-making methods in choosing the main type of agricultural product. The main goal is to determine the lowest expected outcome and the highest return in the shortest possible time with minimal investment, and the author used mathematical methods of game theory to analyze decision-making options to achieve the expected goal. especially games with nature, ie. maximum and minimum convolutions, Baes criteria, Vald criteria, Hurwitz criteria, Sevige criteria. The results confirm that, in addition to the effectiveness of the described methodology, the use of a game theory model is effective in developing and selecting the best production decisions in conditions of uncertainty where the production process is highly dependent on random factors. for the decision - making process. In order to increase the efficiency of management decision-making in the agro-industrial complex, the prospects for further development of these approaches are justified.
37
Hanusová, Helena, Karolína Juřenová, Erika Hurajová, Magdalena Daria Vaverková, and Jan Winkler. "Vegetation structure of bio-belts as agro-environmentally-climatic measures to support biodiversity on arable land: A case study." AIMS Agriculture and Food 7, no. 4 (2022): 883–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2022054.
Анотація:
<abstract> <p>Loss of biological diversity is one of the greatest challenges that our civilization must face nowadays. Reaction to the diminishing biodiversity of agricultural landscapes is various measures promoting free-living organisms. The study deals with the vegetation composition and structure of agro-environmental-climatic measures applied on arable land in operating conditions (intensively farmed regions of the Czech Republic). Additional study focus was applied to a popular measure of the feeding bio-belts. Bio-belts are not only hiding places for free-living animals but can provide them a rich food offer in the period from the harvest of main crops until winter. Thanks to the bio-belts, the landscape gains in biodiversity, and sloping sites can be protected from soil erosion. The vegetation of land parts used as bio-belts was assessed using phytocoenological relevés. Dominant plant species sown in the bio-belts were <italic>Avena sativa, Panicum miliaceum</italic>, <italic>Brassica oleracea</italic> var. <italic>acephala, Fagopyrum esculentum, Phacelia tanacetifolia</italic>, and <italic>Pisum arvense</italic>. Apart from the sown plants, there were also weeds occurring in the bio-belts, of which the most abundant were <italic>Chenopodium album</italic>, <italic>Amaranthus retroflexus</italic>, <italic>Setaria verticillata</italic>, <italic>Cirsium arvense</italic>, <italic>Equisetum arvense</italic>, etc. Risks connected with the realization of feeding bio-belts in respect of weeds occurring on arable land are negligible. Weeds from bio-belts have only a limited potential to spread to adjacent arable land. A potential spreading of weeds from the bio-belts to adjacent arable land was not demonstrated. On the contrary, thanks to its composition, the vegetation of bio-belts has the potential to extend the food offer for animals. Thus, bio-belts are useful for supporting biodiversity in regions intensively used for agriculture.</p> </abstract>
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Ivanišová, Eva, Michal Mihaľ, and Adriana Kolesárová. "Edible insects – history, characteristics, benefits, risks and future prospects for use." International Journal of Experimental Research and Review 27 (April 30, 2022): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2022.v27.008.
Анотація:
The growing global food crisis and the changing climatic and agro-ecological conditions on the planet are predominant, serious, and growing issues that require Global attention. Insecurity caused by the lack of food can have devastating effects on health, with malnutrition being considered a major cause of infant mortality. In addition, malnutrition at an early age has been linked to problems later, including hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Insecurity caused by the lack of food contributes to lowering immune function and altering the intestinal microbiome. By 2030, the annual economic cost of mortality and noncommunicable illnesses is anticipated to exceed $1.3 trillion. Edible insects are employed in gastronomy and the food industry in many Asian, Oceanian, African, and Latin American countries. Due to cultural preconceptions and disinformation regarding its detrimental characteristics and effects on the human body, Western societies perceive it as animal feed rather than human food. Academic, industrial, and government forces are constantly trying to reduce negative insect perceptions by raising public awareness of the need to find alternative food sources, developing new insect processing methods, and highlighting the health benefits of insect consumption. Insect consumption, also known as entomophagy, has been reported for a long time. It is estimated that roughly 2 billion individuals ingest insects regularly worldwide. There are about 2,000 edible bug species in the literature, the majority of which come from tropical nations. The most regularly ingested insects are beetles, bees, wasps, ants, caterpillars, grasshoppers, crickets, cicadas, termites, dragonflies, and flies. This review covers current insect trends as a prospective food source (alternative food source), describes the benefits and risks associated with their ingestion, and highlights the numerous areas where they could be used.
39
Pandey, Ajeet Kumar, Sanjay Shakya, Anil Patyal, Syed Liaquat Ali, Dhirendra Bhonsle, Choodamani Chandrakar, Atul Kumar, Rizwan Khan, and Diksha Hattimare. "Detection of aflatoxin M1 in bovine milk from different agro-climatic zones of Chhattisgarh, India, using HPLC-FLD and assessment of human health risks." Mycotoxin Research 37, no. 3 (July 22, 2021): 265–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12550-021-00437-9.
40
Neifeld, V. V., M. E. Kadomtseva, M. A. Moiseenko, and M. N. Osovin. "Monitoring of climate change and its impact on grain production in the Saratov region using remote sensing data." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1010, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1010/1/012167.
Анотація:
Abstract The relevance of the topic of the article is due to the increase in the number of adverse climatic phenomena and the strengthening of their influence on the basic branch of agriculture - crop production. The differential manifestation of negative weather factors in the most productive regions leads to fluctuations in yields and agricultural production, disruption of food chains and a decrease in food stocks, thereby jeopardizing sustainable agricultural production and creating risks for ensuring the food security of the Russian Federation. This necessitates the study of regional features of the manifestation of dangerous weather phenomena for the subsequent substantiation of organizational and economic measures to mitigate the consequences and adapt agriculture to global climate change. As an example, we took the Saratov region, as a region with a significant amount of sown (planting) areas and a high share of crop production in the total crop production of the Russian Federation. Using satellite monitoring data, a number of adverse meteorological (weather) phenomena have been established that manifested themselves in the period from 1991 to 2019 in the Saratov region. The tendency to their growth and increase in duration in the territory of the given region is revealed. The dependence of the main indicators of grain production in the Saratov region on the growing influence of negative climatic factors has been studied. The necessity of taking into account the impact of hazardous meteorological (weather) phenomena in the system of strategic priorities, as well as in the preparation of forecasts for the socio-economic development of the region, modeling the impact of negative climatic factors on the structural balance of the agro-industrial complex, is substantiated.
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Ayivor, Jesse S., Opoku Pabi, Benjamin D. Ofori, Dzidzo R. Yirenya-Taiwiah, and Chris Gordon. "Agro-Diversity in the Forest-Savannah Transition Zone of Ghana: A Strategy for Food Security against Climatic and Socio-Economic Stressors." Environment and Natural Resources Research 6, no. 1 (December 3, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v6n1p1.
Анотація:
<p class="1Body">Food security is a major issue affecting about 239 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, local ecosystems-based adaptive strategies for reducing the impact of climate change and other stressors on food production systems are very relevant in the national food security agenda. This study assessed how farmers in communities of the environs of the Kogyae Strict Nature Reserves in the forest-savanna transition zone of Ghana exploit a range of options for food production that spread and reduce risks and ensure sustainability of the local environment. Through a cross-sectional survey involving focus group discussions, institutional data search and on-site observations, the study investigated different ways to which the natural diversity of the environment has been used by farmers to enhance farm productivity and farmer income. The study observed that climate variability, land expropriation for protected area establishment, inappropriate use of farm technology and low pricing for farm produce pose as major threats to sustainable agriculture in the area. These constraints have compelled farmers to adopt a range of agro-diversity practices for increased farm productivity and income. They include introduction of new crop varieties, adoption of innovative farm management practices, diversified farm fields and sequential cropping systems. The study noted that the diversified systems have boosted farmer productivity and incomes and contributed to their socio-cultural needs. The study recommends greater crop intensification through the use of appropriate technologies and improved access to markets to consolidate farmer gains and livelihoods as well as ensuring food and nutritional security.</p>
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Faisal, Muhammad, Azhar Abbas, Yi Cai, Abdelrahman Ali, Muhammad Amir Shahzad, Shoaib Akhtar, Muhammad Haseeb Raza, et al. "Perceptions, Vulnerability and Adaptation Strategies for Mitigating Climate Change Effects among Small Livestock Herders in Punjab, Pakistan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 20 (October 14, 2021): 10771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010771.
Анотація:
Pakistan is an agrarian nation that is among the most vulnerable countries to climatic variations. Around 20% of its GDP is produced by agriculture, and livestock-related production contributes more than half of this value. However, few empirical studies have been conducted to determine the vulnerability and knowledge of livestock herders, and particularly the smaller herders. Comprehending individual perceptions of and vulnerabilities to climate change (CC) will enable effective formulation of CC mitigation strategies. This study intended to explore individual perceptions of and vulnerabilities to CC based on a primary dataset of 405 small livestock herders from three agro-ecological zones of Punjab. The results showed that livestock herders’ perceptions about temperature and rainfall variations/patterns coincide with the meteorological information of the study locations. The vulnerability indicators show that Dera Ghazi Khan district is more vulnerable than the other two zones because of high exposure and sensitivity to CC, and lower adaptive capacity. However, all zones experience regular livelihood risks due to livestock diseases and deaths resulting from extreme climatic conditions, lower economic status, and constrained institutional and human resource capabilities, thus leading to increased vulnerability. The results indicate that low-cost local approaches are needed, such as provision of improved veterinary services, increased availability of basic equipment, small-scale infrastructure projects, and reinforcement of informal social safety nets. These measures would support cost-effective and sustainable decisions to enable subsistence livestock herders to adopt climate smart practices.
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Höllermann, Britta, Kristian Näschen, Naswiru Tibanyendela, Julius Kwesiga, and Mariele Evers. "Dynamics of Human–Water Interactions in the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania: Insights from Farmers’ Aspirations and Decisions in an Uncertain Environment." European Journal of Development Research 33, no. 4 (April 7, 2021): 980–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41287-021-00390-4.
Анотація:
AbstractThe Kilombero Valley, one of East Africa’s largest seasonal wetlands, is a high-potential agricultural development corridor area in Tanzania. This seasonally flooded wetland is mainly used by smallholder farmers who cultivate during the rainy season, although there are some community-based irrigation systems that reduce hydro-climatic risks. In this study, we aim to understand how farmers’ aspirations and visions about the future are related to the current agricultural practices and human–water interaction. We specifically investigate the differences between farmers from rainfed and irrigated agriculture by using focus group discussions. Analysis of the in-depth interviews highlights how farmers’ actions both shape and respond to this highly dynamic and uncertain environment. Furthermore, we identify a close link, driven by the farmers’ level of agency, between aspirations and expected agro-economic development. The heterogeneity of farmers’ agency and hence their ability to cope with change is not only based on the socioeconomic status but also on their perception of the physical environment. We thus recommend that attention is also paid to the capacity for coping with environmental challenges that influences the level of farmers’ aspiration.
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Mahashin, M., and R. Roy. "Mapping Practices and Technologies of Climate-Smart Agriculture in Bangladesh." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 10, no. 2 (November 29, 2018): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v10i2.39010.
Анотація:
Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) is an integrative approach of increasing productivity, enhancing resilience, and minimizing greenhouse gas emissions. The study addresses four research questions: (I) How many agro-region based climate change hot spots are there in Bangladesh with specific reference to CSA, (II) what are the contribution of practices and technologies of CSA? (III) How institutional involvement promoting CSA practices and technologies? A mixed method, i.e. literature review, discussion with experts, gathering information from the DAE, was employed to carry out the study. Results indicate that farmers have been practicing CSA at a smaller-scale and investment on knowledge, learning and capacity development is a key means for a full-scale CSA implementation. Findings illustrate that broad types of practices and technologies have been addressing three intertwined challenges: ensuring food security, impacts of climate change on agriculture and agriculture’s impact on climate change. The government’s project-based endeavor of implementing CSA marks that they have been pledged to defeat the climatic risks in agriculture. Active initiative for mainstreaming CSA into national policies and programs are inadequate.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(2): 29-37 2017
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McMichael, A. J. "Impact of climatic and other environmental changes on food production and population health in the coming decades." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 60, no. 2 (May 2001): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns200090.
Анотація:
World population will reach an estimated nine billion by 2050. Given this factor and continued economic development in today's low-income countries, the total global demand for food will increase approximately threefold over the coming half-century. Meanwhile, against this background, newly-occurring global environmental changes such as climate change are anticipated to affect food production. Other incipient large-scale environmental changes likely to affect food production include stratospheric O3 depletion, the accelerating loss of biodiversity (with knock-on effects on crop and livestock pest species) and the perturbation of several of the great elemental cycles of N and S. The ways in which these various environmental influences affect the production of food (crops and livestock on land, and wild and cultivated fisheries) are complex and interactive. Uncertainties therefore persist about how global climate change is likely to affect world and regional food production. On balance, recent modelling-based estimates indicate that, in the medium to longer term, if not over the next several decades, climate change is likely to affect crop yields adversely, especially in food-insecure regions. The prospect of increased climatic variability further increases the risks to future food production. Given these possible though uncertain adverse impacts of climatic and other environmental changes on world food production, there is a need to apply the Precautionary Principle. There are finite, and increasingly evident, limits to agro-ecosystems and to wild fisheries. Our capacity to maintain food supplies for an increasingly large and increasingly expectant world population will depend on maximising the efficiency and sustainability of production methods, incorporating socially-beneficial genetic biotechnologies, and taking pre-emptive action to minimise detrimental ecologically-damaging global environmental changes.
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Iskakov, B. M., A. T. Rakhimbekova, and S. N. Akhmetzhanov. "Institutional factors of transition to "green" economy." Problems of AgriMarket, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.46666/2021-4.2708-9991.06.
Анотація:
The goal is to reveal the essence of the "green" economy, mechanisms and factors that determine the process of transition to environmentally oriented model, a new vector of sustainable development. Methods - analysis, comparison, systematization, study and generalization of information. Results - domestic and foreign research works on institutional factors contributing to the creation of ecosystems have been studied. The authors proposed the formulation of the most accurate and capacious modern definition of the mechanism for production of environmentally friendly products. The article is devoted to the study of the main aspects of the "green" economy, according to which the activities of enterprises should be aimed at the rational use of natural resources and preservation of natural diversity. The possibility of its relationship with the specifics of the activities of economic entities of the agro-industrial complex has been revealed. Attention is focused on the reasons for their low innovative activity in agricultural sector. An economic analysis of the indicators of agricultural entities, including those with State participation, was done in reorientation aimed to reduce environmental risks. Conclusions – the following actions are needed: transformations from the extensive export-raw-material type of economic development to the environmentally balanced one, structural and technological changes, sustainable pricing, elimination of ineffective subsidies, public procurement, increased public investment in infrastructure, the use of preferential lending to agricultural enterprises, regardless of ownership, which effectively implement environmental protection, introduction of special taxation of environmentally harmful agricultural products, as well as the products which are produced using hazardous technologies. Conservation of ecosystem services increases social security and increases the income of the rural population. It is required to develop agro-technological measures to produce organic food, taking into account the climatic conditions of the regions.
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Piechka, Sergey. "The influence of diversification of agricultural production on the processes of rational use of the resource potential of enterprises." Actual problems of innovative economy and law 2023, no. 4 (December 26, 2023): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2524-0455-2023-4-9.
Анотація:
The agro-industrial complex is one of the most essential branches of the economy. Systemic changes in modern society have had a significant impact on agro-industrial enterprises. These changes are bilateral. On the one hand, technical re-equipment of enterprises and digitization of agriculture contribute to the development of the industry. On the other hand, they require revision, activation, and use of resource provision. Resource potential includes a complex of all material and immaterial resources, collectively ensuring high, stable economic indicators. Here, it is essential to understand that the region’s resource potential as a whole or of an individual enterprise includes both resources used at a specific time and those in a passive state. The resources consumed in agricultural production are increasingly considered not from the practical standpoint of their use but from the strategic aspects of their possible reproduction and preservation for future generations. Many factors determine the sustainable development of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex, and the resource potential is only one of them. However, the competent management of resources is the key to the successful functioning of the enterprise. The actualization of the diversification of the activities of agricultural enterprises in modern conditions is strengthened because it is an effective tool for managing economic development, considering the peculiarities of agriculture related to its seasonality; it contributes to the full use of resource potential, the strengthening of financial synergy, increasing the competitiveness of the enterprise. Diversification of the activities of agricultural enterprises in the conditions of a market economy allows them to reduce the risks of unreasonably high costs and flexibly respond to the changing structure of demand to preserve the potential of the organization and production capacity. A feature of agricultural diversification is the ability to adapt to the changing conditions of the agricultural market and even influence it. When determining the direction of diversification of agricultural production, it is necessary to consider the specifics of land resources, soil fertility, natural and climatic conditions, consumer activity, and price categories of food products. Keywords: resources, potential, diversification, production, agricultural sector.
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Lamaro, Gloria Peace, Yemane Tsehaye, Atkilt Girma, Andrea Vannini, Riccardo Fedeli, and Stefano Loppi. "Essential Mineral Elements and Potentially Toxic Elements in Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Cultivated in Northern Ethiopia." Biology 12, no. 2 (February 7, 2023): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12020266.
Анотація:
This study investigated the influence of the agro-climatic environment of Northern Ethiopia on the content of essential mineral elements of selected orange-fleshed sweetpotato genotypes, the potential contribution of each genotype’s essential mineral elements to the recommended dietary allowance, and the potential risk to human health from the accumulation of potentially toxic elements in the tuberous roots of the studied genotypes. The results showed consistent interspecific variations in the content of essential mineral elements among the studied orange-fleshed sweetpotato genotypes, as well as important intraspecific differences, which could depend on the variations in soil mineral and organic matter content, rainfall, temperature, as well as interactions between genotype and environment. The investigated genotypes, especially Kulfo, Ininda, Gloria, and Amelia, can provide an amount of several essential mineral elements high enough to meet 100% of the recommended dietary allowance for all age groups ≤ 8 years. The mean content of potentially toxic elements in tuberous roots and their daily intake values were within the recommended permissible levels; likewise, no health risk was associated with the consumption of these genotypes for Cr, As, and Pb. However, Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni is > 1, consumption imposes health risks based on daily accumulation.
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Perelli, Chiara, and Giacomo Branca. "Food security beyond global warming: economic and policy perspectives from Uganda." Rivista di Economia Agraria 78, no. 1 (September 26, 2023): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/rea-13583.
Анотація:
Climate change has severe and pervasive impacts on natural systems and affects many aspects of human life. Increasing temperatures and alterations in the regimes of precipitations are adding pressure to global agricultural systems, which are already struggling to respond to expanding global demand for food. This directly translates into additional risks for poor people living in developing countries who already face precarious food security conditions. Focusing on the case of Uganda and using household data from the National Panel Survey merged with climatic data from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, this paper explores the link between climate change and households’ food insecurity. By applying a generalized ordered logit model, this work provides quantitative evidence about the impact of climate variability on food and nutrition security of clustered food consumption groups of smallholder farmers. Among the different socio-economic and environmental variables affecting the households’ food security conditions, time and cross-sectional variations in the regime of precipitations play a crucial role. The results highlight that adaptation programmes aimed to reduce climate-induced food insecurity and improve coping abilities of rural communities should be site-specific and involve local communities with the aim of considering the specific risk exposure of the different agro-ecological areas.
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OSWALD, A., S. DE HAAN, J. SANCHEZ, and R. CCANTO. "The complexity of simple tillage systems." Journal of Agricultural Science 147, no. 4 (March 13, 2009): 399–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859609008545.
Анотація:
SUMMARYIn the Central Peruvian highlands, potatoes are commonly cultivated by smallholder farmers in fields between 3500 and 4300 m asl. Severe climatic conditions, marginal soils and limited access to inputs and infrastructure define these challenging agro-ecological environments. To prepare an adequate seed bed for the potato and mitigate climatic, topographic and labour constraints, Andean farmers have developed distinct footplough-based tillage systems: barbecho, chiwa and chacmeo. A series of field experiments was conducted in 2005/06 and 2006/07 at four different locations to investigate the effect of three different tillage systems on potato tuber yield, varying factors such as cultivars and types and amounts of fertilizer applied. The objective was to improve understanding of the effect of these factors on potato yield and study the potential advantages and disadvantages of each tillage system.The study showed that the type of tillage influenced a great variety of factors. Farmers often use a combination of tillage systems as a strategy to diversify possible risks, considering trade-offs regarding productivity v. yield stability, internal v. external resource use, labour requirement during peak times v. more uniform distribution or extensive v. intensive production. The chiwa and to some extent the chacmeo tillage systems resulted in relatively constant and stable yields for different environments and genetic materials, whereas the more intensive barbecho system sought to optimize growth conditions for the potato crop but was more liable to stress and required external resources. Currently, farmers often use the barbecho system to produce commercial cultivars for the urban markets investing the greatest share of internal and external resources. They use the chiwa and chacmeo systems to produce diverse native cultivars for their home consumption, valorizing their taste, cooking qualities and lower resource requirements.