Статті в журналах: "Agriculture and politics"

1

Al-Salim, Farid. "Politics of Agriculture." Journal of Palestine Studies 36, no. 4 (January 1, 2007): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2007.36.4.107.

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2

Youngberg, Garth, and Suzanne P. DeMuth. "Organic agriculture in the United States: A 30-year retrospective." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 28, no. 4 (May 31, 2013): 294–328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170513000173.

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AbstractSince the early 1980s organic agriculture has undergone enormous growth and innovation in the US and throughout the world. Some observers have pointed to the US Department of Agriculture's 1980Report and Recommendations on Organic Farmingas having provided the catalyst for many of these developments. It is important, however, to understand how the evolving character of organic ideology during the 1960s and 1970s helped lay the foundation for moving organic agriculture onto the US governmental agenda in the early 1980s. We explore these and other contextual factors surrounding the USDA Report's release, including its methods, findings and recommendations, and both positive and negative reactions, as well as those factors that led to the Report's declining influence by the decade's end. The need for agricultural sustainability has played an important role in shaping, not only the path of organic agriculture in the US but also the overall politics of American agriculture. Legislative efforts to support organic agriculture have evolved along with this altered policy environment and are considered here within the broader context of the politics of sustainable agriculture. Next, we consider the organic industry's transition from a privately managed enterprise to the pivotal role now played by the federal government in the administration of the National Organic Program. Calls to move ‘beyond organic’ are also examined. Finally, we explore the impact of sustainable agriculture, agricultural research and farm structure upon the future of organic agriculture in the US. The politics within these three interrelated domains of public agricultural policy will likely bear heavily upon the future of organic farming and the organic industry as a whole.

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3

Ilbery, B. W., Graham Cox, Philip Lowe, and Michael Winter. "Agriculture: People and Politics." Geographical Journal 153, no. 2 (July 1987): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/634915.

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4

O'riordan, Timothy. "Agriculture, people and politics." Journal of Rural Studies 3, no. 3 (January 1987): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-0167(87)90076-3.

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5

Fahamsyah, Ermanto, and Ruetaitip Chansrakaeo. "The Legal Politics Harmonization of Sustainable Agricultural Policy." Fiat Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 16, no. 2 (October 3, 2022): 171–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v16no2.2635.

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Sustainable agriculture is one of the future-oriented legal policies. In this case, agriculture is oriented to be preserved, especially for future generations. Problems occur when various laws and regulations governing sustainable agricultural law policies are disharmonies even though they are substantially interrelated. This study aims to initiate legal politics of harmonization of sustainable agricultural policies. This research is normative legal research that focuses on analyzing legal issues. Analysis of legal issues is essential in legal research oriented to prescriptions or legal solutions to the problems being discussed. The approach in this study uses a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study confirm that the implications of disharmony of sustainable agricultural law policies in various laws and regulations in Indonesia need to make legal harmonization in planning, formulating, and evaluating legislation. Future improvements to the legal politics of sustainable agriculture in Indonesia can be carried out by harmonization of legal policies related to sustainable agriculture by revising the PP PBP to include sustainable agriculture as one of its regulatory substances.

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6

Thiers, Paul. "The Politics of Sustainable Agriculture." Environmental Conservation 23, no. 2 (June 1996): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900038649.

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7

Nelson, John. "The politics of industrial agriculture." Food Policy 19, no. 6 (December 1994): 585–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-9192(94)90051-5.

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8

Getz, Christy, Sandy Brown, and Aimee Shreck. "Class Politics and Agricultural Exceptionalism in California's Organic Agriculture Movement." Politics & Society 36, no. 4 (December 2008): 478–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032329208324709.

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9

Abrell, Elan Louis. "From Livestock to Cell-stock." TSANTSA – Journal of the Swiss Anthropological Association 26 (June 30, 2021): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/tsantsa.2021.26.6943.

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The nascent cellular agriculture industry seeks to produce cell-cultured animal tissue for human consumption. Effectively rendering farmed animals obsolete in food production could mitigate an array of harms inflicted by industrial animal farming on the environment, public health, and human and animal wellbeing, but achieving this outcome is contingent on cellular agriculture entrepreneurs successfully creating a product that closely resembles conventional meat enough to appeal to consumers despite its synthetic origins. This article examines how these politics of resemblance may shape and limit the realization of the industry’s potential benefits. Specifically, it argues that, while cellular agriculture can only realize such benefits through the facilitation of agricultural animal obsolescence, its potential for positive transformations in food production may ultimately be blunted by the degree to which a failure to extend the politics of resemblance from the consumer market to the labor market renders agricultural human laborers obsolete as well.

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10

Walgate, Robert. "European agriculture: Politics before scientific advice." Nature 322, no. 6082 (August 1986): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/322762a0.

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11

Diebold, William, François Duchêne, Edward Szczepanik, and Wilfrid Legg. "New Limits on European Agriculture: Politics and the Common Agricultural Policy." Foreign Affairs 64, no. 4 (1986): 876. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20042709.

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12

Gorton, Matthew, and John White. "The Politics of Agrarian Collapse: Decollectivisation in Moldova." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 17, no. 2 (May 2003): 305–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325403017002006.

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While all Central and East European countries have reformed their relationships between agriculture and the state, this process has been particularly fraught in Moldova. The post-Soviet era has witnessed a sustained conflict between communists, agrarian nationalists, and economic liberals over the reform of state and collective farms. However, attempts to enact agrarian nationalist and neoliberal visions of agriculture in Moldova have largely failed. Instead, reforms have created a subsistence-based agricultural sector with a fragmented pattern of land management and have not dealt with trade reorientation. Collective farm managers, while portrayed as impediments to efficiency, private sector agriculture prior to decollectivisation, have become the main agents of much-needed land consolidation after reform. The plans for decollectivisation, pioneered by international agencies, placed too little emphasis on creating institutions to inhibit excessive fragmentation as part of the reform process in itself and are only now facing these problems after the dramatic rise in subsistence production.

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13

Muenster, Daniel. "Performing alternative agriculture: critique and recuperation in Zero Budget Natural Farming, South India." Journal of Political Ecology 25, no. 1 (December 16, 2018): 748. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v25i1.22388.

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This article explores how 'Zero Budget Natural Farming', an Indian natural farming movement centered on its founder and guru Subhash Palekar, enacts alternative agrarian worlds through the dual practices of critique and recuperation. Based on fieldwork among practitioners in the South Indian state of Kerala and on participation in teaching events held by Palekar, I describe the movement's critique of the agronomic mainstream (state extension services, agricultural universities, and scientists) and their recuperative practices of restoring small-scale cultivation based on Indian agroecological principles and biologies. Their critique combines familiar political-ecological arguments against productionism, and the injustices of the global food regime, with Hindu nationalist tropes highlighting Western conspiracies and corrupt science. For their recuperative work, these natural farmers draw, on one hand, on travelling agroecological technologies (fermentation, spacing, mulching, cow based farming) and current 'probiotic', microbiological, and symbiotic understandings of soil and agriculture. On the other hand, they use Hindu nativist tropes, insisting on the exceptional properties of agrarian species native to, and belonging to India. I use the idea of ontological politics to describe the movement's performances as enacting an alternative rural world, in which humans, other-than-human animals, plants, mycorrhizae, and microbes are doing agriculture together.Keywords: agricultural anthropology; alternative agricultures; naturecultures; critique; ontological politics; small-scale cultivators; India; Kerala; Subhash Palekar

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14

Basu, Saikat Kumar. "Agriculture." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 10, no. 3 (April 14, 2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.33.ed026.

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Agriculture is often neglected as the most serious topic in recent times under different perspectives. We do talk about various disciplines of Science, Social Sciences and Humanities but often forget to provide due respect to the field of Agriculture and take this subject for granted. It is quite important to note that Agriculture just does not mean animal and crop production or pest and disease control or agronomy or soil science only; it spreads way beyond these usual scopes and now encompass divergent field as environmental sciences, food security and food politics, social anthropology, molecular biology, biotechnology, genetic engineering, nutritional sciences, human development, agricultural geography, satellite technologies and even nanotechnology. It has been slowly transformed into a most divergent, dynamic, engaging and multi-disciplinary subject that is inter-connected with every facet of modern human development. No human society can survive in the present world without investing in agricultural research and development. Agriculture is the mother and corner stone of all subjects and the fundamental pillar on which human societies and civilizations have thrived from time immemorial. The five basic requirements of any surviving human society on this planet, namely, food, fibre, fodder, fuel and fertilizer and are all direct products of agriculture [1,2].

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15

Coleman, William D., Michael M. Atkinson, and Éric Montpetit. "Against the Odds: Retrenchment in Agriculture in France and the United States." World Politics 49, no. 4 (July 1997): 453–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887100008017.

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This article extends recent work on a comparative theory of retrenchment in social policy by asking whether the politics of retrenchment travels well across policy areas, with policy feedback remaining a crucial variable for explaining government success or failure. The article analyzes policy change in agriculture in the United States and France, a natural choice for an extension of retrenchment theory because agricultural policy resembles social policy in some respects but also provides telling points of contrast. The article finds that the call for new theories focusing on retrenchment is justified: the politics of agricultural retrenchment differs from that of expansion, and success at retrenchment varies by program.The analysis shows, as well, that retrenchment has been significant both in the U.S. and in France and the European Union. Variations in policy feedback help explain why these policy changes occurred. Moreover, the France-U.S. comparison highlights how systemic institutional factors shape the politics of retrenchment. Finally, focusing on agriculture, a policy sector in which international developments have a greater direct importance than they do in social policy, the article identifies an additional systemic retrenchment strategy: constraining domestic programs through international agreements.

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16

Dewey, Peter. "Agriculture and Politics in England, 1815–1939." Agricultural History 75, no. 4 (October 1, 2001): 511–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00021482-75.4.511.

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17

Lofchie, Michael F., and Jonathan Barker. "The Politics of Agriculture in Tropical Africa." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 19, no. 2 (1985): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/484843.

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18

Falola, Toyin, and Jonathan Barker. "The Politics of Agriculture in Tropical Africa." African Economic History, no. 15 (1986): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3601559.

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19

Whitaker, Jennifer Seymour, and Jonathan Barker. "The Politics of Agriculture in Tropical Africa." Foreign Affairs 63, no. 5 (1985): 1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20042455.

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20

Poulton, Colin, and Karuti Kanyinga. "The Politics of Revitalising Agriculture in Kenya." Development Policy Review 32, s2 (September 12, 2014): s151—s172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12080.

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21

Longhurst, Richard. "The politics of agriculture in tropical Africa." Food Policy 10, no. 3 (August 1985): 291–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-9192(85)90069-7.

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22

Mabogunje, Akin L. "The politics of agriculture in tropical Africa." Journal of Rural Studies 2, no. 4 (January 1986): 353–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-0167(86)90040-9.

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23

Valdés, Dennis Nodín. "Machine Politics in California Agriculture, 1945-1990s." Pacific Historical Review 63, no. 2 (May 1, 1994): 203–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3640866.

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24

Degregori, Thomas R., and Jonathan Barker. "The Politics of Agriculture in Tropical Africa." International Journal of African Historical Studies 18, no. 2 (1985): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/217775.

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25

Planas, Jordi. "Cooperation, technical education and politics in early agricultural policy in Catalonia (1914–24)." Rural History 31, no. 2 (October 2020): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793319000360.

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Abstract After the crisis of the late nineteenth century, the role of the state in European agriculture expanded to many new areas: education and technical innovation; commercial policies and market regulations; farm support policies, and sometimes interventions in property rights. The development of these policies was a difficult and costly process, without the intervention of intermediary organisations like agricultural cooperatives and farmers’ associations. This article analyses the early agricultural policy in Catalonia (Spain) and the role of cooperatives in its implementation. It argues that this regional case was quite exceptional in the early twentieth-century Spanish context, where state intervention in agriculture was extremely limited. In 1914, an autonomous government was set up in Catalonia, and a modern agricultural policy was introduced in which technical education and cooperatives played a crucial role, as well as politics. The agricultural policy promoted and developed by the Catalan government was part of a state-building project based on a regionalist ideology.

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26

LAIPRAKOBSUP, THANAPAN. "Democracy, Trade Openness, and Agricultural Trade Policy in Southeast Asian Countries." Japanese Journal of Political Science 15, no. 3 (July 29, 2014): 465–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s146810991400019x.

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AbstractThis paper examines the relation between trade, political openness, and agricultural trade policy in developing countries. It argues that trade openness and democracy contribute to lower taxes and control programs in the agricultural sectors. Examining the politics of agricultural trade policy in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand, it was found that trade expansion and democratic regimes lead to fewer taxes and control programs imposed on agriculture. The results indicate that elected governments in industrializing countries are less likely to impose more tax and control programs on agriculture in order to encourage exports and in order to appeal to farmers, who are a major voting bloc in these countries.

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27

Singh, J. P., and Surupa Gupta. "Agriculture and Its Discontents: Coalitional Politics at the wto with Special Reference to India’s Food Security Interests." International Negotiation 21, no. 2 (June 2, 2016): 295–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718069-12341334.

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The demise of the Doha round of trade negotiations is often attributed to deadlocks in agricultural negotiations between the developed and the developing world. Why has agriculture been so difficult to negotiate? This article explains North-South agricultural negotiations through the lens of coalition politics, especially the shift from bloc to issue-based diplomacy from the developing world. We argue against the proposition in the negotiation literature that multiple coalitions at the international level allow negotiators room to maneuver. Our study shows that bloc coalitions in fact allowed for compromise more than issue-based coalitions in agriculture, which are often supported by strong domestic constituencies. Empirically, the article focuses on the Uruguay Round when the North and South struck an agreement on agriculture and the Doha Round, which remains deadlocked. The article also provides an in-depth case study of India’s agricultural interests and its food security program in the context of thewto.

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28

Prášilová, Marie, Lucie Severová, and Jan Chromý. "Subsidies of agricultural production in the Czech Republic and their economic context." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, no. 7 (2011): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159070293.

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An important part of evaluating common economic politics of countries in the European Union (EU) is the observation of microeconomic consequences of governmental subsidies in agriculture. This article mentions some basic theoretical and practical connections regarding subsidies in agriculture and of agricultural products on the Czech market, and regarding consequences of implemented price intervention programs. If a subsidy is directed to large-scale producers as well as to geographically unfavourably situated small-scale producers, it can not only miss its own target, but even deepen the existing problem. It is now becoming apparent that prospering large companies have an overall bigger profit from each crown of the subsidized price than small farms, which were originally the reason to implement the subsidies. The size structure of agricultural companies in the Czech Republic has so far been relatively favourable with respect to subsidies. After 2013, a reform of the Common agricultural politics of EU is planned and the amounts of direct payments for agriculture from the EU budget will be newly set. However, the European Parliament supports a proposal of limiting subsidies according to size of farms. Along with that, there is a real threat of growing prices of agricultural products on the market. Results of statistical analyses of source materials have revealed the largest proportion of subsidies in the outputs of Czech agricultural companies in the last years as compared to our neighbours, and also in up to now balance of subsidy level and aid in terms of economic size of the companies. The European Parliament’s support of limiting direct payments for agriculture from the EU budget based on size of companies is unfavourable for the Czech Republic and will impact the price level of agricultural products.

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29

Weissman, Evan. "Brooklyn's agrarian questions." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 30, no. 1 (June 13, 2014): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170514000222.

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AbstractThroughout the USA, urban agriculture is expanding as a manifestation of an emerging American food politics. Through a case study of Brooklyn, New York, I used mixed qualitative research methods to investigate the political possibilities of urban agriculture for fostering food justice. My findings build on the existing alternative food network (AFN) literature by indicating that problematic contradictions rooted in the neoliberalization of urban agriculture limit the transformative possibilities of farming the city as currently practiced in Brooklyn. I suggest that longstanding agrarian questions—concerns over the relationship between agriculture and capitalism and the politics of small-scale producers—are informative for critical interrogation of urban agriculture as a politicization of food.

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30

Olateju, Omobolaji O., and Olumide Babatope Longe. "Towards the Promotion of ICT-driven Research Using Precision Agriculture." Advances in Multidisciplinary & Scientific Research Journal Publications 8, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/sij/v8n1p7.

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Precision agriculture is the future of food security and economic stability in the developed and developing countries because of the dynamic opportunities it offers. A prior proper planning is required for effective management at all the phases of agricultural processes for maximum yield; this can be made easier by leveraging on recent development in the available Information and Communication Technological tools. This paper conceptualize precision agriculture as a new trend in ICT-driven agricultural research practices and highlights its basic and fundamental intrinsic components while also promoting its adoption and diffusion. Keywords: Agriculture, precision, ICTs, technology, Farmers & Farming. Journal Reference Format: Olateju, Omobolaji .O. & Longe, O.B. (2022): Towards the Promotion of ICT-driven Research Using Precision Agriculture. Social Informatics, Business, Politics, L:aw, Environmental Sciences & Technology Journal. Vol. 8, No. 1 Pp 77-81 Article DOI No - dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/SIJ/V8N1P7. www.isteams/socialinformaticsjournal

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31

Haworth, Martin. "The politics of agriculture in the European community." International Affairs 61, no. 1 (January 1985): 161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2619817.

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32

Klauser, Francisco, and Dennis Pauschinger. "Guest editorial: Politics of big data in agriculture." Journal of Rural Studies 91 (April 2022): 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.03.014.

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33

Gunasekaran, Vembanan. ""Green Revolutions" in India: Science, Agriculture, and Politics." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Civic and Political Studies 12, no. 2 (2017): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2327-0071/cgp/v12i02/27-37.

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34

Taylor, Scott D. "Business and Politics in Zimbabwe's Commercial Agriculture Sector." African Economic History, no. 27 (1999): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3601662.

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35

Rosenzweig, Melissa S. "2 Assessing the Politics of Neo-Assyrian Agriculture." Archeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association 29, no. 1 (July 2018): 30–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apaa.12106.

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36

Kula, Erhun. "Politics, economics, agriculture and famines: The Chinese case." Food Policy 14, no. 1 (February 1989): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-9192(89)90022-5.

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37

Pande, Rohini. "Profits and politics: Coordinating technology adoption in agriculture." Journal of Development Economics 81, no. 2 (December 2006): 299–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2005.06.012.

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38

Veldwisch, Gert Jan, Priyanie Amerasinghe, Sammy Letema, and Matthijs T. Wessels. "The practices and politics of irrigated urban agriculture." Water International 49, no. 2 (February 17, 2024): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2024.2325800.

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39

Collins, David J., and Ian D. Rae. "R. W. E. MacIvor: Late-nineteenth-century Advocate for Scientific Agriculture in South-eastern Australia." Historical Records of Australian Science 19, no. 2 (2008): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr08007.

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Ralph Waldo Emerson MacIvor, a Scottish chemist, was brought to Victoria in 1876 by the prominent landowner W. J. Clarke to lecture to farmers on scientific agriculture. MacIvor lectured frequently over the next few years, joining in agricultural politics and supporting the establishment of agricultural colleges. He also lectured in South Australia and New Zealand. His lectures were fully reported in the press and in 1879 he incorporated their content in a book, The Chemistry of Agriculture. He was one of the unsuccessful applicants for the University of Melbourne's chair of chemistry to which David Orme Masson was appointed in 1886. In 1884, MacIvor was appointed by the new Sydney Technical College to lecture in country districts on scientific agriculture, but served for less than a year. He returned to Britain where he practised in London as a consulting analytical chemist. MacIvor came with experience in original chemical research, but he was not brought to Australia to conduct research in agricultural chemistry. His role was to act as instructor and advocate for scientific agriculture.

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40

Butt, Andrew, and Elizabeth Taylor. "Smells like politics: planning and the inconvenient politics of intensive peri-urban agriculture." Geographical Research 56, no. 2 (December 26, 2017): 206–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1745-5871.12266.

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41

Newell, Peter, Olivia Taylor, and Charles Touni. "Governing Food and Agriculture in a Warming World." Global Environmental Politics 18, no. 2 (May 2018): 53–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00456.

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Understanding how, why, and whether the trade-offs and tensions around simultaneous implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals are resolved both sustainably and equitably requires an appreciation of power relations across multiple scales of governance. We explore the politics and political economy of how the nexus around food, energy, and water is being governed through initiatives to promote climate-smart agriculture (CSA) as it moves from the global to the local. We combine an analysis of how these interrelationships are being governed (and ungoverned) by key global institutions with reflection on the consequences of this for developing countries that are being targeted by CSA initiatives. In particular, we look at Kenya as a country heavily dependent on agriculture, but also subject to some of the worst effects of climate change and which has been a focus for a range of bilateral and multilateral donors with their preferred visions of CSA. We draw on strands of literature in global environmental politics, political ecology, and the political economy of development to make sense of the power dynamics that characterize the multiscalar politics of how CSA is translated, domesticated, and operationalized in practice.

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42

Bor-Sheng, Jung. "30. Agricultural Geography in Oracle Inscriptions of the Yin Dynasty." Early China 9, S1 (1986): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0362502800003175.

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ABSTRACTThis paper provides an outline of the agricultural geography of the Yin (Shang) Dynasty by means of the study of agricultural geographical names in the oracle inscriptions. The agricultural districts of Yin (Shang) were either within the suburbs of the capital, or within the territories that could be directly controlled by Yin, or within the friendly states. Such a study may increase our understanding of the politics and lives of the Yin people.With this aim in view, I distinguish the agricultural from other oracle inscriptions, dividing them into four classes: (1) used for divining agriculture; (2) used for divining the condition of the harvest; (3) used for divining agricultural damage; and (4) used for divining rituals about agriculture. I have discovered that the agricultural names in (1) and (2) are more frequent than those in (3) and (4).

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43

Abdalla, Charles W., and James D. Shaffer. "Politics and Markets in the Articulation of Preferences for Attributes of the Rapidly Changing Food and Agricultural Sectors: Framing the Issues." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 29, no. 1 (July 1997): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800007549.

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AbstractIndustrialization of the food and agricultural sectors changes the pattern of external effects. Participants helped or harmed in the process attempt to influence outcomes through markets and politics. Decisions about property rights and boundaries determine benefits and burdens and the relative cost of animal agriculture in different jurisdictions. Prescriptions to redefine property rights are influenced by selective perception of rights to share in the benefits and be protected from costs. Political choices about the appropriate jurisdiction (state versus local) for addressing environmental and nuisance effects of animal agriculture affect whose preferences count and will influence the development of these sectors.

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44

Singh, Surinder. "Farmers’ Movement in Punjab: Consciousness and Politics." Sikh Research Journal 6, no. 2 (December 18, 2021): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.62307/srj.v6i2.54.

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The paper argues that the leaders in the ongoing farmers’ movement in India are playing a decisive role in raising consciousness among farmers and agricultural labourers, including influencing them to assert their rights in the political scenario at the level of state as well as the centre. The rising consciousness and fear of land1 seizure are prompting the farmers' collective fight against privatization in the agricultural sector and anti-farmers policies of the central government. Although a pre-existing consciousness has played a vital role in initiating the movement, the movement itself has heightened much consciousness among farmers and farm workers. Their raised consciousness and mobilization for the movement has also forced agriculture related issues on the agendas of various political parties at all levels of politics. Thus, the paper discusses the various ways in which the farmers’ organizations have raised farmers and farm labourers’ consciousness that has motivated them to participate in formal politics which has far-reaching consequences for Indian democracy. Because the movement is ongoing, the analysis, thus far, is preliminary and consequently, exploratory in nature.

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45

White, Rodney, and T. K. Park. "The Politics and Ecology of Irrigated Agriculture in Mauritania." Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 4, no. 1 (January 1994): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2997723.

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46

Renwick, Alan. "Power in Global Agriculture: Economics, Politics, and Natural Resources." International Journal of Agricultural Management 2, no. 1 (2012): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5836/ijam/2013-01-04.

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47

Norris, Jim. "Sweet Tyranny: Migrant Labor, Industrial Agriculture, and Imperial Politics." Annals of Iowa 69, no. 2 (April 2010): 238–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0003-4827.1438.

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48

Jarosz, Lucy, and Miriam J. Wells. "Strawberry Fields: Politics, Class and Work in California Agriculture." Economic Geography 74, no. 3 (July 1998): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/144384.

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49

Miller, Chris. "Gorbachev’s Agriculture Agenda: Decollectivization and the Politics of Perestroika." Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 17, no. 1 (2016): 95–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/kri.2016.0007.

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50

Guthman, J. "Sweet Tyranny: Migrant Labor, Industrial Agriculture, and Imperial Politics." Labor: Studies in Working-Class History of the Americas 7, no. 2 (May 10, 2010): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15476715-2009-085.

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