Дисертації: "Agricultural research"

1

Wathome, Abigail. "Public awareness in agricultural research :." Thesis, University of Reading, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424094.

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2

Sparger, John Adam. "Is the Share of Agricultural Maintenance Research Rising? Implications for Future Productivity Growth in U.S. Agriculture." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31483.

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Agricultural research is susceptible to research deterioration due to biological, climatic, and economic forces. Research deteriorates as the base conditions it addresses change which leaves the resulting information or technology less effective, efficient, productive, and/or relevant. Maintenance research targets deterioration in an attempt to prevent any loss of previous gains. Maintenance research is in contrast to productivity enhancing research which attempts to increase efficiency or productivity beyond previously attained thresholds. In 1986, Adusei and Norton conducted a survey of agricultural scientists across the United States to measure the amount of commodity based agricultural research devoted to maintenance research (1990). They discovered roughly 35% of all agricultural research related to commodities was spent on maintenance research. A follow-up survey was conducted in 2008 to see if the proportion of maintenance research engaged in agricultural research had risen. In this survey, the amount of maintenance research in non-commodity based agricultural research was also measured. The percentage of agricultural commodity research engaged in maintenance research was found to have risen to roughly 41%. In contrast, the percentage of maintenance research in agricultural non-commodity research was found to be roughly 29%. An empirical model was developed to explain maintenance research expenditures. Agricultural research funding, climatic conditions, land degradation, pest and pathogen control, and agricultural production were thought to influence maintenance research expenditures. From these five categories, seven representative variables were included in the model. The model found each category except land degradation to have a statistically significant impact on maintenance research expenditures.
Master of Science

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3

Xiao, Shengting, and Jingyu Zhang. "Research on Agricultural Insurance Modes in China." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Technology and Society, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-126.

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The agriculture is the basic industry of national economy, and as it has the characteristic of feebleness, its development requires the safeguard and support of many kinds of mechanisms. The agricultural insurance has a great significance for avoiding the risk during agricultural production and promoting the rural economy. But at present the demand and supplies of the agricultural insurance are both dispirited, and the status quo of development is not very atisfactory in China. Therefore, develop Chinese agricultural insurance is significant and urgent all the time.

Although Chinese government has done a lot of innovations and experiments in some places, the agricultural insurance market is still dead-alive in China. This thesis constructs the research from the point of the present situation of the agricultural insurance, studies and compares the data of agricultural insurance modes in Shanghai, Xinjiang and Heilongjiang in the way of using the real diagnosis, thus to propose the new viewpoint on the mode of the agricultural insurance’s present stage which is used to anticipate the future of the agricultural insurance in the end.

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4

McGinley, Susan. "Safford Agricultural Center Celebrates 50th Anniversary." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622322.

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5

Toafa, Tevita. "Action research to improve the pumpkin industry in Tonga /." View thesis View thesis, 1994. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030604.165605/index.html.

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6

Ortiz, Jaime. "The effects of agricultural price policies on the funding of agricultural research : Chile 1960-1988 /." Diss., This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10192006-115603/.

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7

Ahmed, Allam El Nour Osman. "Internal technology transfer in the Sudan : the dichotomy between agricultural research and agricultural practice." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2000. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/1051806.

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Sudan is the largest country in Africa and boasts the largest farm in the world. Sudan is a predominately agricultural economy; agriculture employs more than eighty percent of the country's labour force and its industry. The national agricultural research institutions are charged with the key responsibility of implementing sustainable agricultural growth and development in Sudan. By adoption of demonstrable benefit farms, the research institutions view their contribution as providing improvements to traditional Sudanese practices rather than focusing on developing new techniques. Any research institution must have methodsof improving farming practices and the pertinent test of their relevance is improved management practices. Crop productivity is extremely low and does not exceed thirty percent of the level attained in research or demonstration fields; the difficult economic position of the country has adversely affected the activities of the agricultural research institutions; technology generation is greatly hampered; the extension service is fragmented and its efforts are conned to a small number of farmers; the research institutions are weakened due to frequent staff turnover, lack of continuity in the research agenda and inadequacies in management and hence their impact is limited. The main purpose of this study is to critically evaluate the implementation capacity constraints which exist in formal agricultural research and the impact this has on thedevelopment of the agricultural sector of the Sudanese economy. The study also attempts to provide a better understanding of the relationships between low productivity in Sudan and the determinants of this. The data for this research were obtained from a field survey carried out in 1999. In the survey, a total of 120 farmers from the Gezira Scheme, 84 researchers from the Agricultural Research Corporation, 33 academic staff from the Gezira University as well as extensionists from the Central State were successfully interviewed. The research explores various aspects of the internal technology transfer system and the productivity gap in traditional agriculture. A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature on technology transfer has been conducted in the study. It is obvious that economic analysis alone will not provide a satisfactory solution to the type of problems investigated in the study as these issues and problems also have political and socio-cultural dimensions. Therefore, the proposed solutions simply seek to change the behaviours of both individuals and institutions. To do this it is necessary to recognise all the dimensions of the technology transfer problem. This study provides insights into the influence of demographic, socio-economic, cultural, technical and decision-making factors on technology transfer and productivity in Sudan. The thesis concludes with discussion of key policy implications and areas for further research. The findings of this research should assist in guiding planners and policy-makers in improving the internal technology transfer system and perhaps in enabling agricultural productivity to improve in the Sudan.

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8

Johnston, Katelyn McKenzie. "Describing the Efficacy of Research Videos in Extension Education." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1606899095291283.

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9

Edmundson, Andrea Louise 1955. "Executive skills in selected agricultural professions." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276618.

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The purpose of this study was to identify the executive skills employed by County Extension Directors (CEDs), Trade Association Directors (TADs) and Team Leaders/Chiefs-of-party (TL/COPs), to determine which frequently used executive skills were common to all three positions and to identify the major source of executive skill acquisition. Analysis of the executive skills employed by CEDs and TL/COPs (the TADs were excluded from this analysis for statistical reasons) revealed 34 frequently used executive skills common to both groups. These were in the areas of problem-solving, group dynamics, decision-making, coordinating, communication and organization. Most respondents acquired their executive skills on the job, but 85% held Bachelor's degrees and over half of those were in agricultural disciplines. Study results indicated an opportunity for Colleges of Agriculture to develop executive skill curricula in addition to technical curricula at the undergraduate level. Internships and experiential classroom activities were recommended to facilitate executive skill development.

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10

Geron, Liduvino S. "Action research as a framework for systemic and organic change /." View thesis, 1992. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20031201.091619/index.html.

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Thesis (M. Sc.) (Research) Systems Agriculture-- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1992.
"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of : Master of Science (Research) Systems Agriculture (1992)" Bibliography: leaves 135-140.

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11

Bedo, Shannon Hajdik. "Education, research, and extension: an evaluation of agricultural institutions in Tunisia." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/176.

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Texas A&M University of the United States and the Institute National Agronomique de Tunisie (INAT) of Tunisia established a collaborative relationship of mutual exchange of information and ideas for the further advancement of both universities. The researcher worked closely with these universities to conduct a qualitative study in Tunisia to determine the effectiveness of agricultural institutions working to further development in that country. The emphasis of the study was on the transference of knowledge and innovations from the research level through extension to the farmers and other end users. The triangle of teaching, research, and extension provided a base perspective. The researcher interviewed 37 respondents, including researchers, extension personnel, administration, professors, and farmers. From data that respondents provided, the researcher used a constant comparative method to organize results into the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the agricultural institutions as a system. Overarching themes included a pointed focus on meeting farmer needs, but this desire was hindered from being carried out fully due to complex communication systems and an organizational structure that did not facilitate change. Hope did abound for Tunisian agriculturalists because the opportunities available through globalization and international collaboration far outweighed any possible threats to development, such as fierce competition in trade and lack of quality water. The researcher also made specific recommendations based on the information gathered in the study. These recommendations were based on the findings of the study, and they were directed to leaders within the Tunisian agriculture system and other agriculturalists wishing to further development in countries facing similar situations as Tunisia.

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12

Friederichsen, Rupert. "Opening up knowledge production through participatory research? agricultural research for Vietnam's Northern uplands." Frankfurt, M. Berlin Bern Bruxelles New York, NY Oxford Wien Lang, 2008. http://d-nb.info/99398083X/04.

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13

Palmer, Judith Marian Penfold. "Factors affecting the information behaviour of agricultural research scientists." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392754.

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14

McGinley, Susan. "'Lab on a Chip' Detects Human and Agricultural Pathogens." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622076.

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15

Bolana, Khayalethu Kenneth. "The role of the Dohne Agricultural Research Institute in rural agricultural development in the Eastern Cape." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/8198.

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The decline of sustainable farming in the past twenty years in the villages of Amahlathi Local Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province is a cause for concern as this has resulted in reduced food security and increased levels of poverty and unemployment in the villages. As this decline continues to escalate even to date, this study was intended to investigate the role that could be played by the Dohne Agricultural Research Institute in the reduction of poverty through sustainable agricultural activities in these villages. Using a case study of Kubusi village in Amahlathi Local Municiplality, data was gathered through interviewing farming and non-farming households as well as the extension officer for Kubusi village and Dohne officials in order to understand the reasons for and the nature of the decline in farming activities in the villages. The study was conducted against the background of sustainable liveIihood (SL) theory. Important findings revealed that economic factors, primarily lack of money to buy fence and hire tractors to plough are primary causes for the decline, this followed by the effects of global warming and the lack of interest by the young generation to participate in crop farming. The study recommends that the government of the Eastern Cape should intervene through the Dohne Agricultural Research Institute in reskilling rural people in modern farming methods and assisting rural farmers with inputs, primarily fence, tractors and irrigation systems.

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16

Toafa, Tevita. "Action research to improve the pumpkin industry in Tonga." Thesis, View thesis View thesis, 1994. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/190.

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Agricultural industries play a key role in promoting the economic prosperity and growth of Tongan society. Agricultural exports, such as the pumpkin industry, receive foreign exchange to pay for the imports. This project aims to develop an understanding of the problems involved in exporting pumpkins from Tonga to the Japanese rice market. It also aims, as an action research project, to increase the understanding of the problem owners in order to improve the operation of the industry. The inquiry explores the perceived problems and concerns of all parties involved in the development of the industry including the exporters, farmers, government departments and the Tongan Development Bank as well as the Japanese pumpkin importers. The study used a systems approach, utilising action research methodology as an entry point to conduct a collaborative inquiry. A market analysis of the niche market of the pumpkin industry was carried out.The following have been identified as the most important factors in the development of the industry. (1) It was found that low quality standard of pumpkin exports has been the main concern as it hinders the development of the niche market. (2) Insufficient government support services have also contributed to the low quality standard. Partly as a result of the action research project a strategic plan for the industry was developed and this has already led to changes in industry practices.

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17

Enyong, Laetitia Ako Kima. "Linkages among research, education, extension, and farmers in the Republic of Cameroon." Diss., This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10022007-144530/.

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18

Sulser, Timothy Brian. "Field practical monitoring and evaluation in agricultural extension ex ante sustainability assessment of production alternatives through spreadsheet modelling and participatory research /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2001. http://etd.fcla.edu/etd/uf/2001/anp1053/Sulser%5FTimothy%5FThesis.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Florida, 2001.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 112 p.; also contains graphics; Microsoft Excel spreadsheet linked to PDF file. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-111).

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19

Malla, Stavroula. "Searching for genes, public and private spillovers in agricultural research." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ63897.pdf.

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20

Yongo, Habakkuk Terna Agabi. "The management of agricultural research with specific reference to Nigeria." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333905.

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21

Mutangadura, Gladys. "Meeting Development Objectives with Agricultural Research: Priority Setting in Zimbabwe." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30609.

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In times of tightening national budgets as a result of structural adjustment requirements, the need to make choices in Zimbabwe's publicly funded research is heightened. Adoption of quantitative priority setting methods help improve the objectivity of decision-making while fostering consistency of research priorities with the attainment of research system objectives This study develops and applies a quantitative methodology for agricultural research priority setting for Zimbabwe's Department of Research and Specialist Services (DR&SS) under multiple objectives. Such a methodology must incorporate the structural characteristics of Zimbabwe's agricultural sector: the existence of different farmer types, five different agro-ecological regions and multiple objectives. A three part procedure was used in this study to prioritize agricultural research in Zimbabwe. The first part involved identifying the research objectives, defining the list of commodity and non-commodity programs to be prioritized, defining the agro-ecological zones and collecting technology related data and published information. Researchers, extension workers, and farmer representatives were interviewed using a questionnaire to obtain technology-related data. The second part involved economic analysis to measure the contributions of agricultural research to total economic benefits and their distribution by farmer type and agro-ecological region. Net present values (NPV) of economic surplus gains by research program were used to summarize the total economic efficiency gains projected over fifteen years. Once the benefits have been estimated, the third part of the procedure involved using mathematical programming (MP) to project the optimal allocation of research resources among the various commodities under alternative weights on objectives. A ranking of the expected NPVs indicated that agricultural research priorities are different between smallholder farmers and large scale commercial farmers, with maize cotton, groundnuts, sunflower, goats, pulses and millets being of high priority for smallholder farmers, while maize, beef, cotton, coffee, wheat, dairy, stonefruit, soybeans and roses were top priority for large scale commercial farmers. Research discipline priorities for smallholder farmers include agronomy, plant breeding and chemistry and soils while for large-scale commercial farmers the priorities are plant breeding, agronomy, and plant protection. Optimal allocation of research resources given two objectives (efficiency and equity) were assessed in a series of runs with the mathematical programming model. The tradeoff costs associated with putting an extra weight of different sizes on the equity objective, given the current total budget constraint were relatively modest implying that DR&SS can allocate resources to research on smallholder farming without great loss in efficiency.
Ph. D.

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22

Stevens, Ann. "The Glen G. Curtis Research Building: Yuma Agricultural Center's Newest Facility." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622126.

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23

McGinley, Susan. "The Agricultural Research Complex: New Facility Focuses on Livestock Industry Needs." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622223.

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24

Littlefield, Joanne. "The Arid Lands Research Center: A New U.S. Agricultural Research Service Facility for the Southwest." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622182.

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25

McGinley, Susan, and Paul Brown. "Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET): Statewide System Assists Growers and Agricultural Industry." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622238.

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26

McGinley, Susan. "Asking Questions: The University Addresses the Public's Agricultural and Environmental Concerns." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622373.

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27

Swepson, Pamela Joyce. "Guidelines for good research: either action research or science." Thesis, Griffith University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366200.

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Анотація:

The theoretical literature to support good research practice, either action research or science, appears to lack practical guidelines for conducting systematic inquiry, within the contingencies of a given research context. I suggest this lack is due to some misconceptions about the nature of good research. In order to re-dress this lack and to enhance the practices of both methods of inquiry, I wish to challenge what I believe to be some wrong assumptions about good research. I will base my challenge on the empirical evidence of 22 case studies of acknowledged good research in both action research and agricultural science and on the understanding of knowledge as defined by the philosophical sceptics, ie that the ideal of ‘true and certain knowledge’ is unattainable. The assumptions about good research that I wish to challenge are: that there is one scientific or action research method, that prescriptive theoretical literature provides a basis for sound practice, that research is a search for truth, that participation is the defining feature of action research and that action research and science are incommensurable. On the basis of my argument that action research and science are not incommensurable, I will suggest guidelines for the practice of rigorous systematic inquiry which are relevant to both methodologies. If those guidelines are acceptable to all researchers, they can provide a basis for collaborative research between action researchers and scientists which can improve the quality of research results for clients. Such collaboration can also improve the practice of the researchers by enabling them to learn methods of systematic inquiry from each other’s processes. I will demonstrate an application of these guidelines with a case study of a collaborative and participative research project conducted by myself and an agricultural scientist colleague.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Cognition, Language and Special Education
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28

Geron, Liduvino S. "Action research as a framework for systemic and organic change." Thesis, View thesis, 1992. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/185.

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This document outlines how organizational action was mobilized in examing and improving current organizational practices. The study was conducted in a technical task-based research organization in the Philippines and was triggered by a concern for the seeming unfavorable feedback the organization receives from the external environment. An analysis of the organizational situation showed among other factors, the apparent lack of a mechanism that relates the organization's research findings to policy making. Through action researching and using the Soft Systems Methodology as a framewrok, an action plan was developed which is designed to improve the situation. The document also discusses insights and lessons learnt in the conduct of action research. Particular focus was placed on key issues that affect individual participation and organizational actions; and how action research fares as a potential framework for organic and systemic change. From the examination of the action research experience, it became apparent that in order to fully harness the potentials of action researching, opportunities for individual participation must be well distributed and taken by the action research members. The factors affecting individual participation in group processes such as group needs, group culture and power issues in and out of the group, must likewise be addressed. This is to promote coordination, commitment and critical consciousness among group members which are essential in effecting organic and systemic change. As the research was conducted within the broad setting of agricultural research, where efforts are placed to enhance agricultural development, this document likewise discusses the potential of action research as an alternative framewrok for Research and Development (R and D) activities. It presents how action research can mobilize grassroots initiatives and actions which are crucial to a sustainable agricultural development.

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29

Boakye-Dankwah, James. "Factors related to research productivity of agricultural educators in institutions of higher learning offering programs of agricultural education /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487777901658593.

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30

McGinley, Susan. "The V Bar V Ranch: An Agricultural Experiment Station for Northern Arizona." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622323.

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31

McGinley, Susan. "Agricultural Tourism in Cochise County: Survey Results Show Promise for Local Economy." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622375.

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32

YAMAUCHI, Akira. "Toward Sustainable Agricultural Production System : Major Issues and Needs in Research." 名古屋大学農学国際教育協力研究センター, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8927.

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33

Baguma, Sylvester D. "Knowledge retention in national agricultural research organisations : the case of Uganda." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/23152.

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Анотація:

Organisation knowledge attrition continues to gain attention due to the increasing mobility of organisational employees. Employees leave organisations due to retirement, resignation in search for better employment opportunities, termination of employment contracts, indisposition, unofficially leaving employment, and death. When they leave organisations, they take with them tacit knowledge. Attrition of tacit knowledge leads to loss of intellectual assets and erosion of organisational memory which negatively affect learning and innovation. The knowledge can be subject matter expertise, organisational memory of why certain decisions were made, experience of past research and development projects and the social network in terms of from whom they sought out for answers or collaborated with in executing their tasks. Knowledge attrition is common in many organisations in different sectors. The literature does not show any framework that addresses knowledge attrition right from the time an employee is recruited into an organisation to when he or she leaves it. The purpose of this study was to develop an integrated knowledge retention framework for minimising organisational knowledge attrition. This was achieved by investigating how loss of organisational tacit knowledge can be minimised. The research adopted a single case study design with a concurrent parallel mixed methods research strategy informed by pragmatic philosophical assumptions. It was conducted in Uganda in a large national agricultural research organisation. Data was collected from 36 focus group discussions involving 161 participants, review of organisational documents, 35 interviews, 205 online surveys and a validation workshop by 16 top managers. The main contribution of this research is the novel framework for knowledge retention that comprehensively addresses knowledge attrition from an organisation. The framework comprises two categories of components. The first is the organisational behavioural components comprising knowledge sharing, capturing and documenting knowledge, and knowledge exploitation. This category constitutes the core components of the knowledge retention strategy. The second category is the organisational environmental components. It comprises creating organisational learning environment, having knowledge-oriented governance and leadership, providing necessary capacities and conditions, and providing strategic guidance - planning for knowledge retention. Environmental components have moderating effects on the behavioural components. In addition, it has contributed to the theoretical existing body of knowledge from the framework that was developed. This complements the reviewed literature which uncovered three conceptual categorisations of the knowledge retention strategies based on the timing of capturing knowledge from an individual. The three categories are: Reactive (short-term), Containment (medium-term) and Preventive (long-term) knowledge retention strategies. Although the concept of knowledge retention is not new, this research has contributed to the existing body of literature. Additionally, the study provides a deeper understanding of knowledge retention and opens new research areas. Perhaps this is the first study of its kind in the agricultural sector specifically focussing on agricultural research.

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34

Moumouni, Ismail M. "Motivation of farmers in financing agricultural research and extension in Benin." Berlin Köster, 2007. http://d-nb.info/987028340/04.

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35

Moumouni, Ismail M. "Motivation of farmers in financing agricultural research and extension in Benin /." Berlin : Köster, 2008. http://d-nb.info/987028340/04.

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36

Tubbs, Jonathan A. "THE ROLE OF CULTURE IN AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION: A synthesis of research." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cld_etds/18.

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Culture is studied across many different disciplines and is viewed as a topic of great and valuable interest within research. Agricultural education has come to recognize the value of embracing a multicultural attitude and the need for recruitment of culturally diverse individuals. While definitions of culture can vary from individual to individual, understanding the degree which a topic has been researched within a discipline is necessary in order to know what direction future research should take. Therefore, this study presents the findings of research on culture within the Journal of Agricultural Education from 1960-2015. This study’s findings indicate that culture, as defined as a way of life that outlines how an individual acts, perceives, and believes, has been researched on a very limited basis within the Journal of Agricultural Education. However, findings also indicate that many tenets of culture have been researched and include diversity, multicultural education, inclusion, and teacher preparation. These findings lead to recommendations to expand the research within the topic of culture to include social aspects of culture and youth cultures.

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37

Mumuni, Eliasu. "Developing a framework for transdisciplinary communication in multifaceted agricultural research organisations." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49066/.

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Agriculture represents a class or expression of complexity which researchers need to look at because of its immense contribution to rural development and poverty reduction. Scientists and researchers per their disciplinary training and specialisations differ in wider perspectives and methodologies. In addition to the compartment functioning processes of organisations, fluid interaction and collaboration of actors are further limited. This study examines how actors in Crops for the Future (CFF) interacted formally and informally as a complex agricultural research organisation to address the transdisciplinary communication challenges it faces. Using ethnographic methods with participant observation, interviews and official document reviews, the study revealed that, the structuring of CFF into themes and programmes was intended to network and work in their areas of disciplines. The study revealed that internal policies of CFF such as the research value chain (RVC), the doctoral support programmes (DTP) and flagship projects aim to improve research collaboration and as a research strategy, tend to support working together effectively. However, it further revealed that, though actors collaborate and network across different knowledge communities, elements of personal interest and power appear to play a significant role in that drive. Raising questions of communication and reporting process, revealed a mixed form of vertical and horizontal hierarchies, supported by a project and functional structures of management in CFF. The informal practices of actors in CFF (social networking, friendship, interactions etc.) tend to strongly support and enhance the formal structures and policies (programmes, themes, reporting and management structure etc.).

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38

Rocha-Bello-Bertin, Patricia. "Towards effective governance of information in a Brazilian agricultural research organisation." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14630.

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There are three different uses of the term 'information' in ordinary language: in the restricted sense, it means diverse types of material objects, such as data or documents ('information as thing'); alternatively, the term is used as in reference to the act of informing or becoming informed ('information as process'), or to equate to knowledge ('information as knowledge'). Each of these connotations represents a legitimate view of information in its own right, being equally significant to information-intensive organisations. The literature lacks studies that approach information from an integrative viewpoint, however. The purpose of this study was to explore and develop the notion of 'information governance' as an integrative, systemic approach to information in the context of research organisations. Soft Systems Methodology was used in a case study involving the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation. Qualitative data was gathered through in-depth interviews with researchers and information/knowledge managers, followed by a thematic, two-level analysis. From a 'macro level' of analysis (the wider Brazilian agricultural research system) it was found that, to solve increasingly complex research problems, collaborative, multidisciplinary networking is needed. On the other hand, competitive forces are continuously emanating from the systems of research steering, funds and resources' allocation, quality control, and recognition and reward. This conflict inhibits the collaborative sharing of 'information as thing' and 'as knowledge', disturbs internal communication flows and contributes to low levels of synergy and cross-departmental partnerships, ultimately affecting research outcomes. At a 'meso level' (the local practices and culture of agricultural knowledge production), different epistemic cultures were identified (named in vitro, in situ and in silico research), which respond differently to the opposing forces of collaboration and competition. Based on a deep understanding of the agricultural research system and underlying epistemic cultures, a framework for effective governance of information was developed. Action to improve the governance of information at Embrapa would involve nurturing an information culture that supports collaborative work. Given that interactions between researchers are determined by their individual pursuits and struggles, this would require a change in the corporate system of performance evaluation and reward, according to the different epistemic cultures.

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Gierend, Albert. "Integration of Risk and Multiple Objectives inPriority Setting for Agricultural Research." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14460.

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Prioritätensetzung in der Agrarforschung ist ein komplexes Entscheidungsproblem angesichts der Unsicherheit in der Abschätzung der erwarteten Wirkungen von Forschung und Technologien und den vielfältigen sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Zielen, die mit der Generierung von Wissen und neuen Technologien in landwirtschaftlichen Forschungsinstitutionen in Entwicklungsländern verbunden sind. Diese Arbeit versucht durch die Anwendung von formalen und quantitativen Evaluierungs- und Entscheidungsmethoden mit der besonderen Berücksichtigung von Unsicherheit und multiplen Zielen einen Beitrag zur Methodenverbesserung in der Prioritätensetzung zu leisten. Zur Darstellung dieser Methoden wurde als Fallstudie das nationale Milchviehforschungsprogramm des "Kenyan Agricultural Research Institute" (KARI) ausgewählt. Gegenstand der Analyse sind 19 geplante Forschungsprojekte, die anhand eines stochastischen Evaluierungsansatzes ("Economic Surplus" und Monte Carlo Simulation) hinsichtlich ihrer ökonomischen Wirkungen auf den kenianischen Milchmarkt untersucht wurden. Die Evaluierungsergebnisse der Forschungsprojekte und anschließende Bewertung anhand verschiedener stochastischer Dominanztests zeigen, daß die Ableitung einer klaren Präferenzstruktur und Rangordnung innerhalb der Projekte nach ökonomischen Kriterien, z.B. Gegenwartswert und Kosten-Nutzenrelation, in vielen Fällen nicht möglich ist, sondern vielmehr von den unterstellten Risikopräferenzen abhängt. Dies bedeutet, daß aus der Sicht eines Planers eine differenzierte und vorsichtige Interpretation und Beratung des Forschungsmanagements vorzunehmen ist. Dies steht im Gegensatz zu einer deterministischen Investitionsanalyse. Mehrere mathematische Programmierungsmodelle wurden zur Analyse von multiplen Zielen, der Untersuchung der Wirkungen von Verteilungsaspekten und unterschiedlicher Risikopräferenzen auf die Zusammensetzung eines optimalen Forschungsportfolios entwickelt und angewandt. Obwohl in den meisten Fällen eine Änderung der Risikoeinstellung auch eine Änderung des optimalen Portfolios bewirken würde, sind die ökonomischen Unterschiede gemessen am Gegenwartswert der alternativen Portfolios unbedeutend. Die Analyse der Zielkonflikte zwischen Effizienz- und Verteilungsziel wurde unter zwei unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln für das Verteilungsziel untersucht: zum einen als räumliche und regionale Allokation des Forschungsnutzens, und zum anderen zwischen kenianischen Konsumenten und Produzenten von Milch. Aus den Modellergebnissen wird deutlich, daß eine spezielle Förderung von Produzenten- sowie Konsumenteninteressen nur beschränkt möglich ist, d.h. die jeweiligen Planungsoptionen nur geringe Umverteilungswirkungen erzielen. Ganz anders stellt sich die Situation bei einer regionalen Differenzierung dar. Dort würden je nach relativer Bedeutung einzelner Regionen starke Umverteilungswirkungen in den regionalen Einkommen auftreten. Allerdings sind diese Optionen im Vergleich zu einer "neutralen", d.h. regional indifferenten Ausrichtung mit großen Effizienzverlusten verbunden.
Priority setting in agricultural research is a complex decision making problem due to the inherent uncertainty surrounding the impact of research activities and the multiple social and economic research objectives under which research institutions in developing countries have to operate. This study attempts to apply formal and quantitative evaluation and decision making methods for a more rigorous and explicit analysis of the uncertainty and multiple research objectives. These methods are illustrated by applying them to a priority setting exercise for the National Dairy Research Program of the Kenyan Agricultural Research Institute (KARI) conducted in 1996. A set of 19 planned dairy research projects was proposed and specified by KARI scientists and the economic impact assessed based on a stochastic evaluation framework using economic surplus methods and Monte Carlo simulation. Results show that comparing these projects by stochastic dominance criteria with respect to the expected net present value and cost-benefit ratio the final rank order is very much subject to assumed risk preferences of the decision- makers. Thus, decision advice on the type of prioritised projects for implementation and fund raising is much less clear-cut than a deterministic evaluation would suggest. Mathematical programming techniques were applied to analyse the trade-off between multiple research objectives, to examine the distributional consequences of research, and to explore how different risk strategies (from risk aversion to risk proneness) would affect the selection of a optimal research portfolio from the planned dairy research projects. Although risk has a strong bearing on the composition of a research portfolio for various different funding levels the economic implications are not significant in terms of net present value. In a Multiple-objective programming framework the trade-off between efficiency and equity was examined. Equity concern was looked at two different angles: first, by a spatial distribution of the research benefits, and second by the distributions among consumer and producer groups. Results show a limited scope of directing the dairy research plan either for the sake of consumers or producers while the scope of targeting different production zones in Kenya is much larger although the trade-offs in terms of foregone welfare between different zones are very pronounced.

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40

"Research Funding: About Agricultural Research." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295537.

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"2006 Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622143.

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"2005 Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622185.

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"2004 Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622205.

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"2003 Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622221.

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"2002 Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622236.

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"2001 Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622252.

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"2000 Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622269.

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"1999 Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622286.

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"1998 Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622299.

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"1997 Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622313.

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