Статті в журналах: "Agricultural industries Mathematical models"

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Yousif, Jabar H., and Khaled Abdalgader. "Experimental and Mathematical Models for Real-Time Monitoring and Auto Watering Using IoT Architecture." Computers 11, no. 1 (January 3, 2022): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers11010007.

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Manufacturing industries based on Internet of Things (IoT) technologies play an important role in the economic development of intelligent agriculture and watering. Water availability has become a global problem that afflicts many countries, especially in remote and desert areas. An efficient irrigation system is needed for optimizing the amount of water consumption, agriculture monitoring, and reducing energy costs. This paper proposes a real-time monitoring and auto-watering system based on predicting mathematical models that efficiently control the water rate needed. It gives the plant the optimal amount of required water level, which helps to save water. It also ensures interoperability among heterogeneous sensing data streams to support large-scale agricultural analytics. The mathematical model is embedded in the Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for sensing the soil moisture level and checking whether it is less than the pre-defined threshold value, then plant watering is performed automatically. The proposed system enhances the watering system’s efficiency by reducing the water consumption by more than 70% and increasing production due to irrigation optimization. It also reduces the water and energy consumption amount and decreases the maintenance costs.

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A. Urasova, Anna, Aleksander N. Pytkin, Igor Yu. Zagoruyko, Andrei V. Plotnikov, and Vadim P. Cherdantsev. "Prospects of Development of Agricultural Branches of the Regions of the Russian Federation: Correlation Models and Effectiveness of Management." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.38 (December 3, 2018): 591. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.38.24629.

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Currently, Russia faces an urgent need for accelerated development of agricultural branches and rural infrastructure. The solution of the tasks of agricultural management is one of the most urgent problems of determining the reserves of growth of agricultural production in each of the Russian regions. In this regard, the authors set a goal to develop and evaluate correlation models describing the dependence of the volume of production of agricultural branches in the regions of the Russian Federation on the number of investments and the commissioning of fixed assets. The authors justify the choice of independent factors. The study was based on the economic and mathematical modeling of empirical spatial data, calculated on the basis of official statistical information on the regions of the Russian Federation. The conducted research permitted to identify factors, which directly determined the volumes of production in agriculture, to propose the use of high-quality correlation models to describe this effect, to prove that the economies of the examined regions did not reach saturation with agricultural products and there were significant reserves for their further development. The developed correlation models are effective tools for analyzing the development of the industry, and can also be used as management tools that allow for the assessment of the effectiveness of the use of the made investments, as well as the commissioning of fixed assets in the agriculture of each of the examined regions. The results of the research are of scientific and practical importance. They can be used in research and monitoring of agricultural development in the regions, determining the resource requirements, which are necessary for the development of agricultural industries, as well as the development of sectoral and integrated projects and agricultural development programs.

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Khudyakova, Elena Viktorovna, Mikhail Nikanorov, and Vasilij Vladimirovich Butyrin. "Problems of analysis and forecasting of the level of technical equipment of agricultural enterprises (on the example of the Ryazan region)." Buhuchet v sel'skom hozjajstve (Accounting in Agriculture), no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-11-2102-07.

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Currently, the level of technical equipment of agricultural enterprises in the Russian Federation remains at a low level. On average, tractor availability in the country is 2–3 times less than in Kazakhstan and Belarus, and 20–30 times lower than in Western Europe and the United States. At the same time, agricultural production is faced with the task of achieving the level defined by the Food Security Doctrine in a number of industries, and increasing exports in a number of industries (production of cereals and industrial crops). In the Ryazan region, there is an appropriate resource potential for solving these problems. But the main factor constraining the increase in production is the insufficient development of the material and technical base. The dynamics of the number of major types of equipment over the past 10 years remains negative. At the same time, the region has a State program of the Ryazan region “Development of the agro-industrial complex until 2025”, which provides for a number of measures to maintain the level of technical equipment of agriculture. In this regard, the issue of scientific justification of the required amount of equipment and forecasting for the near future becomes relevant. On the regional scale, this is a difficult task, since traditional forecasting methods are not fully suitable for solving this problem due to the wide variety of production conditions in farms — soil fertility, climatic conditions, economic situation, specialization, etc. Therefore, we propose a method for determining the required amount of equipment and the amount of investment, based on the allocation of cluster groups and, then, the development of economic and mathematical models for the use of machine and tractor fleet for typical farms of each cluster group. This article analyzes the level of technical equipment of agriculture in the Ryazan region and identifies cluster groups of farms.

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Zamotajlova, D. A., E. V. Popova, E. V. Khudyakova, and M. N. Stepantsevich. "The entomophages use for crop protection: ecological and economic-mathematical modeling and forecasting." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1069, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1069/1/012047.

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Abstract The need for digital support of decisions taken in agriculture is a prerequisite for this industry transformation and development. One of the main directions in solving these issues is the use of end-to-end technologies, as well as convenient and effective economic and mathematical tools. In this regard, research in the development of economic and mathematical models and decision support tools, analysis and forecasting for the agro-industrial complex is relevant. In addition to supporting agriculture in general, attention should be paid to addressing issues of improving the efficiency of agricultural activities themselves; new effective methods and approaches introduction is of particular importance in this issue, the use of which will increase the industry attractiveness, promote import substitution, improve the quality of agricultural products, etc. The agricultural pests entomophages natural complexes use can be considered as one of the approaches to improving the “purity” of agricultural products due to the rejection (complete or partial) of chemical plant protection products. This underlines the necessity and relevance of creating a comprehensive software and mathematical tools for analyzing and predicting the dynamics of pest and entomophage populations, including allowing to consider possible economic effects.

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Black, JL, GT Davies, and JF Fleming. "Role of computer simulation in the application of knowledge to animal industries." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 3 (1993): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9930541.

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The net financial return of an enterprise depends on the interaction among a great many factors. Some of these factors relate to the animal, some to its diet, some to its environment, some to the prevalence of disease and some to circumstances outside the production enterprise such as the premiums paid for products of different quality, the relative price structure of feeds and products, and the availability and cost of capital, labour, breeding stock and other resources. Although there has been a great deal of research into many of these factors, the complexity of the interactions between them makes it virtually impossible for the human mind to assess accurately the consequences of alternative management strategies on either the efficiency of production or the long-term profitability of a livestock enterprise. By transforming the concepts and knowledge into mathematical equations and integrating them in computer programs using simulation modelling techniques, this vast store of information can be applied directly to improving the management of commercial animal enterprises. Models are also valuable for defining research priorities. These simulation models should, as far as possible, be based on descriptions of the mechanisms perceived to determine animal function, not on empirical relationships of correlation and association. This need for mechanistic models has major implications for the direction and nature of future research into animal function. Mechanistic models of animal performance alone are unlikely to result in the widespread application of knowledge to the animal industries. Models must be integrated with other modules that cover the major areas of an enterprise determining its profitability, as well as with programming features that make the whole Decision Support Software System easy to use and interpret by industry personnel. The animal model is likely to represent less than 20% of a commercially useful package. A major factor limiting the application of animal growth models is lack of an adequate description of the conditions within commercial enterprises. Collection of such data is difficult and frequently regarded as unattractive by scientists and funding organisations, but it is essential for effective application of existing knowledge through simulation models. Furthermore, industry must make frequent measurements of factors determining animal performance and enterprise profitability if the significance of predictions from animal models is to be evaluated fully. An example is presented illustrating how simulation models can improve the biological efficiency and profitability of a commercial animal enterprise when this information is available.

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Okhten, Oleksiy, and Аlla Dasiv. "Economic and mathematical modeling of long-term development of national industry in the conditions of digitalization with the use of a production function." Economy of Industry 4, no. 96 (November 25, 2021): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econindustry2021.04.005.

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The article substantiates the expediency of modeling the development of national industry taking into account how the main interconnected key sectors of Ukrainian economy (not only processing and extractive industries, but also agriculture) are developing, as well as taking into account the factors that cause changes in this development over time. Based on previous researches, multiplicative production function has been chosen as the base for building the model, which was modified by taking into account the peculiarities of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the specifics of individual industries in Ukraine. The economic-mathematical model of long-term development of specified branches of economy of Ukraine in the conditions of digitalization was proposed, in which the value added in the branch is the dependent variable, and the classic components of production functions (labor and the capital) are the independent variables, as well as the new factor – digitalization, and factors, specific to individual industries (world food price index for agriculture and world raw material price index for the extractive industry). A specific feature of the model is also the use of correction factors that reflect the change in the return of factors over time and increase the accuracy of calculations. In addition, separate models have been developed to calculate each of the main factors, based on the dynamics of investments, taking into account the recursive influence of value added, propensity to invest, the condition of the world economy and other specific factors. The calculation of value added in agriculture, extractive and processing industries of Ukraine in 2010-2019 was performed using the model. The adequacy of the model was validated based on the results of its parameterization, which showed sufficient accuracy for the implementation on practice, as the average absolute error of approximation ranges from 2.94% to 4.14% depending on the industry, with abnormal 2014-2015 excluded from the calculations. The value of GDP in the country as a whole was calculated on the basis of the results of value added calculations by key industries. Taking into account the fact that the proposed set of models does not include all industries, a regression model was used to calculate GDP, to which value added for the identified key industries was used as factor. It is established that the proposed model is quite accurate and can be used to calculate the GDP of Ukraine on the basis of value added calculations in agriculture, extractive and processing industries. Given the prospects of practical use of the model for management decisions, the elasticity of the main driving factor (investments) of the development of individual industries was assessed for the main variables, which, in particular, showed that the exchange rate of hryvnia to the US dollar has a negative impact on investments, and the most pronounced – on investments in fixed assets of the processing industry. This questions the widespread idea that the devaluation of the hryvnia stimulates domestic production.

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Zhou, Yufei, and Sha Hua. "Recommendation of Business Models for Agriculture-Related Platforms Based on Deep Learning." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (July 11, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7330078.

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Agriculture is a basic and pillar industry. With the integration and development of Internet+, platform economy, and various industries, the business model of agriculture-related platforms is also constantly innovating. In this context, it is necessary to recommend suitable business models for different types of agriculture-related platforms. Based on the characteristics of agriculture-related platforms and various business models, this paper proposes a business model recommendation algorithm based on radial basis function neural network (RBFNN). This method trains the RBFNN model with the goal of maximizing the correlation between agricultural-related platforms and business models. In the application stage, for a specific agriculture-related platform, after inputting its characteristic parameters, a suitable business model can be recommended. In the experiment, the proposed method is tested and verified with relevant data, and the results show the effectiveness of the method.

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Zhdanov, Valery, Elena Logacheva, Viktor Yarosh, and Alexander Ivashina. "Optimisation of repair and maintenance costs for electrical equipment in agricultural enterprises." BIO Web of Conferences 37 (2021): 00103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213700103.

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Application of mathematical methods of cost optimization for repair and maintenance of electrical equipment of agro-industrial enterprises is one of the important and promising directions for increasing the efficiency of electrical equipment operation management in agriculture. Mathematical programming systems use graphical and related attributive information in solving optimization problems. As graphical information in these systems we used maps, plans, diagrams, schedules of preventive measures from which the list of equipment for certain types of repair and maintenance, their labor intensity for individual objects, types of equipment and in total for the enterprise are established. Databases of electrical equipment are used as attributive information to describe electrical equipment of agro-industrial enterprises. Due to joint processing of graphical and attributive information in optimization systems, all stages of work with spatial data are more operative. Beginning from spatial data search, selection and analysis we can make a specific decision during the operation control of electrical equipment. This article considers maintenance and repair operation (MR) as a task of mathematical programming with cost optimization and deals with three approaches to the organization of this task. The expediency of using each method of solution is analyzed. The structural schemes, equations describing mathematical models, advantages and disadvantages of the presented models are given. We marked prospect of using linear programming programs for the decision of the given optimization problem by means of the inverse matrix method, i.e. the modified simplex method and computing algorithm with a standard sequence of operations.

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Tkachenko, V. V., L. O. Velikanova, and N. A. Tkachenko. "Development of an automated information system for calculating the break-even nitrogen balance in field crop rotations." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1069, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1069/1/012046.

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Abstract The problems of crop production management and support for managerial decision-making are still relevant today [4]. Crop production is of strategic importance and is the basis of our country food security. The use of information technology in agriculture was limited to the use of computers and software, mainly for managing financial transactions and maintaining accounting and operational records. It should be noted that the measures taken to increase labor productivity and automate technological processes in the agro-industrial complex did not have a comprehensive nature, therefore, they did not significantly affect the industry efficiency and, as the result, the products competitiveness. Therefore, the computer decision support system development and implementation in the management of crop production technological processes, based on mathematical models for analyzing and assessing the economic efficiency of technologies for cultivating crops, models for rationalizing crop rotation, models for analyzing data from the crop rotation fields history book, models for the optimal selection of plant protection products and fertilizers acquired very topical. This research project can be considered a priority and highly demanded, as contributing to the fulfillment of one of the requirements of the State Program for the Agriculture Development and Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Foods Markets Regulation of the Russian Federation for 2013-2020. The goal of the project is to improve mathematical models and methods for managing technological processes at agricultural enterprises by developing and implementing an integrated automated information system for crop management. The article is devoted to the theoretical substantiation and feasibility of the software module practical implementation for solving the problem of planning and calculating the organic and mineral fertilizers dosages in farms’ field crop rotations in the Krasnodar Territory, which is part of the developed integrated automated information system for crop management at agricultural enterprises.

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Wang, Ning Na, and Qin Lin Zhou. "Mathematical Models for Predicting and Managing Water Resources — The Case of China in 2025." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 995–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.995.

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An effective management of water supply is critically significant to a countrys water utilities, and accurate prediction of water supply and demand is of key importance for water supply management. The objectives of this paper are to use Grey System Model (GSM) and Linear Regression Model to forecast the water demand and water supply respectively in China 2025, and then propose a new Optimal Allocation Model (OAM) to generate solution so that analysts and decision makers can gain insight and understanding. The two predictive models take into account four major factors including domestic development, agriculture, industries and eco-environment, calculating a deficit between water demand and water supply in China 2025. Then the OAM, which considers desalinization, irrigation saving and urban recycling, provides a feasible solution to fill the gap and an effectual management of water supply.

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Taylor, Rachel A., Erin A. Mordecai, Christopher A. Gilligan, Jason R. Rohr, and Leah R. Johnson. "Mathematical models are a powerful method to understand and control the spread of Huanglongbing." PeerJ 4 (November 3, 2016): e2642. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2642.

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Huanglongbing (HLB), or citrus greening, is a global citrus disease occurring in almost all citrus growing regions. It causes substantial economic burdens to individual growers, citrus industries and governments. Successful management strategies to reduce disease burden are desperately needed but with so many possible interventions and combinations thereof it is difficult to know which are worthwhile or cost-effective. We review how mathematical models have yielded useful insights into controlling disease spread for other vector-borne plant diseases, and the small number of mathematical models of HLB. We adapt a malaria model to HLB, by including temperature-dependent psyllid traits, “flushing” of trees, and economic costs, to show how models can be used to highlight the parameters that require more data collection or that should be targeted for intervention. We analyze the most common intervention strategy, insecticide spraying, to determine the most cost-effective spraying strategy. We find that fecundity and feeding rate of the vector require more experimental data collection, for wider temperatures ranges. Also, the best strategy for insecticide intervention is to spray for more days rather than pay extra for a more efficient spray. We conclude that mathematical models are able to provide useful recommendations for managing HLB spread.

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Konkina, Vera, and Alexey Martynushkin. "Forecasting the size of the dairy market in anylogic environment." E3S Web of Conferences 282 (2021): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128201002.

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The current situation at the market for food and agricultural raw materials is difficult, and critical for some industries. The processes of import substitution, that is, shaking-out imported products from the markets and the growth of domestic production, have significant differences for segments of the food market. There was a significant differentiation of food markets in the following main indicators: the growth rate of domestic production, the share of imports in resources, the share of exports in production, and the amount of state support. However, 2020 showed that the course taken by the Government and the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation for import substitution was not fully implemented, and a large share of products is imported from third countries that were not included in the sanctions list. Economic and mathematical modeling can partially solve this problem. Analysis of scientific literature on modeling the equilibrium at agri-food markets showed the absence of any actual domestic development. The most famous foreign conceptual models dated back to 1990-2000. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the World Bank have developed such general and private equilibrium models as RUNS (Rural-Urban North South), MRT (Regional Trade MRT, Harrison), AGLINK COSIMO, etc. These recursive-dynamic models make it possible to determine the equilibrium parameters for the main types of products for almost all countries of the world, including the Russian Federation and all agricultural markets. However, the introduction of sanctions has stopped work in this direction.

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Nguyen, Tri-Dung, Tri Nguyen-Quang, Uday Venkatadri, Claver Diallo, and Michelle Adams. "Mathematical Programming Models for Fresh Fruit Supply Chain Optimization: A Review of the Literature and Emerging Trends." AgriEngineering 3, no. 3 (July 8, 2021): 519–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering3030034.

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The fresh fruit agricultural and distribution sector is faced with risks and uncertainties from climate change, water scarcity, land-use increase for industrial and urban development, consumer behavior, and price volatility. The planning framework for production and distribution is highly complex as a result. Mathematical models have been developed over the decades to deal with this complexity. With improvements in both processor speed and memory, these models are becoming increasingly sophisticated. This review focuses on the recent progress in mathematically based decision making to account for uncertainties in the fresh fruit supply chain. The models in the literature are mostly based on linear and mixed integer programming and involve variants such as stochastic programming and robust optimization. The functional areas of application include planting, harvest optimization, logistics and distribution. The perishability of the fresh fruit supply chain is an important issue as is the cycle time of cultivation and harvest.

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Qian, Yu, Lin Wang, Zhun Cheng, Yirong Zhao, Xingwei Wang, and Zhixiong Lu. "Research on Optimal Oil Filling Control Strategy of Wet Clutch in Agricultural Machinery." Actuators 11, no. 11 (October 30, 2022): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act11110315.

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To improve the wet clutch engagement quality, which is widely used in agricultural machinery, the oil filling control strategy of a wet clutch is studied based on the method of simulation and experiment in detail in this paper. Firstly, this paper carries out the dynamic analysis of the wet clutch engagement process, establishes the mathematical model of the mechanical domain and the hydraulic domain of the hydraulic execution system, and designs the backstepping oil pressure controller. The controllability of the output oil pressure of the clutch hydraulic actuator is verified on the joint simulation platform of Matlab/Simulink (Version R2017b, MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA) and AMESim (Version 2019.1, Simcenter Amesim, Siemens Digital Industries Softwares, Berlin&Munuch, Germany). Then, this paper analyzes the clutch engagement process, extracts five factors affecting the oil filling process, and selects four clutch engagement quality evaluation indexes. An amount of 50 groups of experiments are carried out on the wet clutch oil filling test simulation platform built by SimulationX (Version 3.8, ESI ITI GmbH, Dresden, Germany). The response surface method (RSM) and stepwise regression analysis method are used to explore the mathematical models of the quality evaluation index and influencing factors of the oil filling process. Through 15 groups of random tests, the prediction accuracy of the stepwise regression model and the RSM model of each index is compared, and the models with high accuracy are selected to establish the comprehensive prediction mathematical model of clutch engagement quality, combined with the variance weight method. Finally, according to the working condition of the 3 MPa oil filling pressure studied in this paper, the optimal oil filling control strategy is obtained by the proposed clutch engagement quality prediction model. Under the target condition, when the oil filling rate of stage 1 is the highest and the proportion of phase 1’s duration to the total oil filling time is 69.65%, the oil filling rate of stage 2 is the lowest and the proportion of phase 2’s duration to the total oil filling time is 21.85%, and the proportion of phase 3’s duration to the total oil filling time is 8.51%, the engagement quality of wet clutch is the best. The research method of wet clutch optimal oil filling control strategy proposed in this paper provides a reliable method for the ride comfort research of agricultural machinery and clutch control.

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Bihun, Roman, Vasyl Lytvyn, and Nazar Oleksiv. "Mathematical modeling and analysis of the development of territorial communities." Technology audit and production reserves 3, no. 2(59) (June 30, 2021): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.232788.

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This article examines the problems of the development of united territorial communities, in particular, unemployment and economic problems. The object of the research is the improvement of territorial communities on the example of the Lviv region (Ukraine). One of the most problematic areas is the fact that communities, in most cases, do not have enough funds to solve economic and other problems. The study uses the idea of the need to create self-sufficient communities with a sufficient number of financial instruments for their own development. The mathematical model of the decision support system for the development of territorial communities using the agro-industrial sector is also considered. An important step in building a mathematical model of the agro-industrial complex is taking into account the specifics of agriculture. The paper considers a mathematical model of linear and multifactorial regression, which describes the relationship between the amount of resources expended and the volume of output. Since the processes in the economy and production processes in agriculture are complex, it is difficult to describe them using only linear deterministic models. A common case is when task variables take some discrete values or values from a specific one. This situation makes the search difficult. To build a mathematical model for the development of territorial communities and study the fact that the development of agro-industry will improve the overall economic situation of the territorial community, correlation and regression analysis, the Farrar-Glauber method and the method of least squares are used. Thanks to the listed instruments, the statement is formed that the regulation of key factors of economic indicators of the agricultural sector can positively affect the growth of the economic component of territorial communities. The created mathematical model clearly forms the conclusion that agriculture in local communities can become an economic engine of community development, taking into account regional conditions.

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Dubchak, Viktor, and Viktor Pryshlyak. "CALCULATION OF WORK IN ONE APPLIED TECHNICAL TASK WITH DIFFERENT GEOMETRY OF LOCATION AND COMPARISON OF RESULTS." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 2(117) (August 30, 2022): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2022-2-6.

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The article considers algorithms for constructing equivalent models of filling tanks with agricultural fluids, such as fuels and lubricants, pesticides, organic fertilizers and other bulk solids, which can be equated, the dynamics of movement (resistance, work, power) to the movement of liquid. Growing requirements in the competitive market cause constant improvement and justification of optimal parameters and forms of tanks for transportation of materials that ensure the production operation of complex technical systems. The article presents a variety of possible technical solutions for tanks (tanks) for storage and transportation of liquid materials on the field surface with different variable steepness. Theoretical bases of practical direction of movement of agricultural materials in air and liquid environments for conditions of action of a gravitational field are developed. The technical features of the working bodies and the system for the introduction of liquid materials as needed (changes in soil hardness, slope steepness, speed of the unit) are analyzed. Innovative development of competitive agro-industrial technologies and agricultural machinery is possible only with the involvement of a powerful physical and mathematical apparatus, which is also problematic due to lack of fundamental theoretical knowledge of designers, designers and students of agro-engineering assistance. As a result of research using the fundamental analytical and mathematical apparatus, algorithmic models have been developed that describe the movement of liquid (mineral fertilizers) for their movement. Such processes and phenomena occur during the production operation of agricultural machinery with tanks for moving liquid materials (fertilizers), etc. The application of the algorithm of mathematical analysis and calculation of technological processes and technical systems provides the necessary conditions for efficient supply of liquid materials, fertilizers, which is important in precision farming systems. Similar, proposed innovative methods of theoretical and synthesis of processes, phenomena, the nature of agro-industrial production, can be effective in preparing for the educational process of agricultural engineers for project professional activities.

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Rong, Jun, Yue Jiao Ding, Xi Chen, Li Wan, and Yi Ming Li. "Modeling and Simulation of Voltage Frequency Ratio Control System for Asynchronous Motor." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 768–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.768.

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Alternating current (AC) machine speed regulation system plays a very important role in our industrial and agricultural production. This paper focuses on the three-phase asynchronous motor which account for most of the proportion of the AC machines. Firstly, this paper establishes three mathematical models of asynchronous motor based on dq coordinate system and introduces the principle of V/f speed-adjusting for asynchronous motor, and then the paper builds the simulation models of V/f speed-adjusting control system for asynchronous motor based on Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results of the V/f speed-adjusting control system verifies the correctness of the simulation models and the principle of speed regulation.

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BALANDIN, Dmitrii V., and Yurii A. KUZNETSOV. "The problem of optimizing the schedule of perishable agricultural products processing." Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice 20, no. 11 (November 29, 2021): 2134–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ea.20.11.2134.

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Subject. The article addresses the economic, scientific, technological, and production activities of processing plants within the agri-industrial complex. Objectives. The study aim to analyze and describe the specifics of storing perishable agricultural products, and the impact on both the further processing and final results of a processing enterprise. Methods. We employ methods of analysis and synthesis, grouping and comparison, abstraction, generalization, and analogy. We provide a mathematical model that describes the sugar beet processing, taking into account the level of sugar content, based on methods of mathematical modeling and optimization theory. Results. Our analysis of the influence of storage time of perishable agricultural products on their further processing showed that this factor can have a serious impact on the results of processing enterprises. We investigated the issue, using the case of such an important technical culture as sugar beet. We highlight an important factor, which can significantly improve the results of economic activity of enterprises, i.e. the formation of a schedule for the order of processing of sugar beet with different levels of sugar content. Conclusions. To maximize the final output, the sugar beet processing should start with batches of maximum sugar content. We provide assessments, characterizing the level of final output, should this rule be violated. The findings may serve as a basis for developing more general mathematical models, which describe the sugar beet processing and consider other factors, including the dynamics of the process of beet pile fields replenishment with sugar beet of various sugar content.

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Zhuravleva, L. A. "GREENHOUSES WITH NARROW-RACK HYDROPONICS TECHNOLOGY BASED ON DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS." Scientific Life 15, no. 9 (September 30, 2020): 1195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2020-15-7-1195-1203.

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Currently, many foreign greenhouse manufacturers use elements of digital technologies and hydroponics systems. Almost all manufacturers of systems and equipment in this class are foreign companies. Work on creating modern domestic digital controlled systems for growing agricultural crops is relevant and in demand in Russia. The Moscow Polytechnic University conducts studies and development research aimed at creating software and intelligent technologies for controlling and regulating the microclimate in greenhouses and hydroponic installations. Based on mathematical models of the microclimate systems for complete automation of plants growing process and automatic maintenance of optimal microclimate parameters, remotely using a phone or tablet PC, have been designed and implemented. The article presents a mathematical model of the greenhouse microclimate. One of the most promising directions is considered; it is a technology of multi-level shelving and narrow-shelving hydroponics. A functional diagram of the greenhouse microclimate control is given. This method allows to increase the used volume of greenhouses up to 25-30 pcs. plants per 1 sq. m of greenhouse area, the number of crop rotations up to 4-5 per year. Reducing water and nutrient solution consumption per unit of production by 2.0-2.5 times compared to drip irrigation greenhouses is provided. The amount of soil in comparison with low-volume substrate technology with drip irrigation is reduction by 4-6 times. The amount of nitrates in products is reduced by 8-10 times compared to the standard. The method of growing agricultural crops does not require much physical effort, unlike traditional crop production. Greenhouses with narrow-rack hydroponics technology based on digital control systems provide an increase in the efficiency of crop production; they are an environmentally friendly technology for growing seedlings, vegetables, berries, flowers and green crops. The technology can be used both in high-tech large-scale industries, agricultural holdings, city farms, and in family businesses on personal plots.

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Hrytsiuk, Petro, and Larysa Bachyshyna. "FORECASTING THE YIELD OF GRAIN CROPS USING FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS." International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2016): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.4541.

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The grain industry has a special place in the export of Ukraine. Ukraine takes the third place for some years in the world by grain supply to the foreign markets. That’s why the problem solving of the agricultural production stability is one of the most important tasks of agricultural industrial complex. The successful forecasts play important role in this. The best forecasts are realized when the qualitative model of the object is developed. Two approaches of the predictive model development are considered in the paper: traditional mathematical and using fuzzy logic systems. The models take into account the influence of climatic factors on grain crops yield.

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Shukhanov, Stanislav N., and Aleksandr V. Kuzmin. "Reliability of Machine-Tractor Aggregates Operation." Engineering Technologies and Systems 30, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.030.202001.008-020.

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Introduction. The development of the agro-industrial complex is impossible without creating innovative techniques and technologies. The key role in technical support of agricultural production processes is played by machine-tractor aggregates. One of their most important operational characteristics is reliability, i.e. the ability to perform specified functions, keeping over time the values of the operational indicators within the required limits. Materials and Methods. The object of the study is the reliability of machine-tractor aggregates. The methods of mathematical modeling were used for the study. The general patterns were used for special cases, taking into account the prediction of changes in parameters over time. The analytical description of machine-tractor aggregate operation reliability was based on stationary random and correlation functions. Generalized patterns were used to construct mathematical reliability models using the results of predecessor (analogue) tests. Optimal reliability of the machine-tractor aggregate operation was determined on the basis of the mathematical model of object resource. Results. There are obtained analytical dependences for the prediction of changes in reliability parameters of machine-tractor aggregate operation over time. The methods for creating reliability mathematical models are developed. Conditions affecting the functioning of the research object are determined. Discussion and Conclusion. The analysis and synthesis of research in this science field and the obtained mathematical models show that to achieve high results it is necessary to decrease the variance of factors affecting the reliability of machine-tractor aggregates.

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CARVALHO, MARCELA SILVA, PAULO CESAR CORRÊA, GUTIERRES NELSON SILVA, LUCAS MARTINS LOPES, and ADALBERTO HIPÓLITO DE SOUSA. "KINETICS AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE DRYING PROCESS OF MACAÚBA ALMONDS." Revista Caatinga 35, no. 1 (March 2022): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n120rc.

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ABSTRACT The study of drying kinetics is fundamental for making the correct choice of time and temperature to be used in the drying process. In addition, mathematical modeling enables the simulation, optimization, sizing, and determination of the commercial application of the drying system. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the kinetics and mathematical modeling of the drying process of macaúba almond [Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart] performed at different temperatures. For this purpose, the drying was performed under three different temperatures: 40 °C, 50 °C, and 60 °C. Four repetitions were performed for each temperature. The experimental data were fitted by nine different mathematical models. The choice of the best model was based on the following statistical parameters: magnitude of the adjusted coefficient of determination, magnitude of the mean relative error, and standard error of the estimate. It was observed that an increase in the drying temperature resulted in a reduction of drying time. The shortest drying time was observed in the treatment performed under 60 °C in which the almonds attained equilibrium moisture content at 34.08 h. The longest drying time was observed in the treatment performed under 40 °C, with the almonds attaining equilibrium moisture content at 404.40 h. Approximation of Diffusion, Midilli, Page, and Modified Page were the models that best described the drying process of macaúba almonds with the aim of subsidizing the design of industrial dryers.

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Samarets, Nataliia, and Svitlana Nuzhna. "The modern contribution of the basic categories of producers to Ukrainian agrarian production." Agricultural and Resource Economics: International Scientific E-Journal 4, no. 4 (December 20, 2018): 52–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.51599/are.2018.04.04.05.

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Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the contribution of agricultural enterprises and households to Ukrainian agrarian production, to determine the place of agricultural holdings in its formation and to indicate the role of the agricultural sector in Ukrainian exports. Methodology / approach. The methodological research tool is an economic analysis of the activities of business entities. The statistical data of the main indicators of the production activities of agricultural enterprises is being used as empirical information. In the process of research, the following methods of economic analysis were used: formalized – a graphical method, percentage numbers, methods of mathematical statistics; non-formalized – expert assessment, comparison, analytical tables. Results. An estimation of the dynamics of agricultural output in the basic categories of farms in 2010–2017 was made, the share of the basic categories of farms in the crop and livestock production was determined. It is noted that in the agrarian sector of Ukraine there has been a polarization in the production of agricultural products – self-employed small-scale forms of management dominate the production of labor-intensive and low-profitable products, while large industrial high-quality agricultural enterprises are highly profitable and low labor-intensive. Researches have shown that one of the leading places in the crop production is sunflower cultivation due to its high profitability. In the example of sunflower production shows the possibilities of economic and mathematical modeling as a tool for evaluating production efficiency and forecasting. The place of the agrarian sector in the structure of Ukraine’s commodity exports in 2017 has been analyzed. It was shown that an important place in the Ukrainian agro-industrial complex is occupied by agricultural holdings, which, in particular, are very significant in the formation of Ukrainian exports of cereals and oil plants. Originality / scientific novelty. Trends and the current state of the agro-industrial sector of Ukraine researches have been further developed. A comparative evaluation of the effectiveness and contribution of the basic categories of farms to the agricultural production at the present stage was made. For the first time, economic and mathematical models for the analysis of the main indicators of sunflower cultivation have been proposed. Practical value / implications. The growing role of agricultural enterprises, in particular, agricultural holdings, in the development of the agro-industrial complex is shown, the place of Ukrainian agricultural products in the world food market is defined and the importance of diversification Ukrainian exports is pointed out. The established trend lines of sunflower cultivation indicators made it possible to calculate the corresponding short-term forecasts, which can be taken into account when justifying alternatives for the future development of agricultural enterprises.

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Oluoch, Lillian, László Stachó, László Viharos, Andor Viharos, and Edit Mikó. "Random Forest Regression models for Lactation and Successful Insemination in Holstein Friesian cows. 1. Mathematical aspects." Gradus 8, no. 2 (2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.47833/2021.2.agr.001.

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The random forest regression (RFR) method is applied to study dairy cows’ economical breeding and milk production to over- come well-known difficulties in establishing reliable models based on large data sets. Regarding the features of RFR, there are sev- eral positive experiences in various areas of applications supporting that with RFR, one can achieve reliable model predictions for industrial production of any product providing a useful base for decisions. In this study, a data set compiled over a decade for about 80,000 cows, was analyzed through RFR. Ranking of production control parameters is obtained, and the most important explanatory variables are found by computing the variances of the target variable on the sets created during the training phases of the RFR. Predictions are made for milk production and the calves’ conception with high accuracy on given data, and simulations are used to investigate prediction accuracy. This study is primarily concerned with the mathematical aspects of a forthcoming article that focuses on the agricultural aspects. The results will be compared with models based on factor analysis and linear regression for future mathematical research plans.

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Vítěz, Tomáš, and Petr Trávníček. "Particle size distribution of a waste sand from a waste water treatment plant with use of Rosin–Rammler and Gates–Gaudin–Schumann mathematical model." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, no. 3 (2011): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159030197.

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Particle size distribution of the sample of waste sand from waste water treatment plant have been determined with two commonly used methods of mathematical models by Rosin-Rammler (RR model) and by Gates-Gaudin-Schuhmann (GGS model). On the basis of network analysis distribution function, F(d) (mass fraction) and density function, f(d) (number of particles captured between two screens) have been obtained. Experimental data have been evaluated using the RR model and GGS model, both models have been compared. Better results were achieved with GGS model, which leads to a more accurate separation of the different particle sizes in order to obtain a better industrial profit of the material.

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Baskar, P., and G. Edison. "A Review of Mathematical Models for Performance Analysis of Hybrid Solar Photovoltaic - Thermal (PV/T) Air Heating Systems." Advanced Materials Research 768 (September 2013): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.768.29.

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In recent years, many researches are being carried out on the integration of solar thermal systems with solar photovoltaic modules in many countries for heat generation along with electricity generation. The electrical energy generated by the solar PV modules is utilized for the operation of fan. The hybrid solar photovoltaic - Thermal (PV/T) technology provides an opportunity to enhance the electrical and thermal performances. This paper deals with analysis of various parameters which affect the electrical and thermal performances of different types of hybrid solar photovoltaic - Thermal (PV/T) air heating systems. These systems deliver more useful energy per unit area of the heater than that of individual solar PV and solar thermal systems and can be used for preheating the air for many applications such as drying of agricultural products, space heating and industrial process heating. The performance comparisons among the various models reveal that the model III in which the air flows above and below the absorber plate is most suitable for converting the solar energy into high quality electrical energy and low quality heat energy.

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Kieu, Phan Thuy, Van Thanh Nguyen, Viet Tinh Nguyen, and Thanh Phong Ho. "A Spherical Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (SF-AHP) and Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) Algorithm in Distribution Center Location Selection: A Case Study in Agricultural Supply Chain." Axioms 10, no. 2 (April 3, 2021): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms10020053.

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Logistics is an important service sector, contributing to improving the competitiveness of the economy. Therefore, along with increasing the application of technology and effective business models, it is necessary to increase the connectivity of the infrastructure systems of industrial parks, roads, and seaports of regions and the country. Over the past decades, Vietnamese businesses have been step-by-step going through many stages from production, packaging, quality, hygiene, and safety to grasping new stages in the domestic and global value chain. In many industries, businesses are increasing the content of their own designs, exploiting brands, and approaching consumption networks in the target market. The role of the distribution center is becoming more and more important in ensuring a seamless and flawless supply chain. In particular, the distribution center is the most sensitive contact point between supply and demand in each enterprise. Therefore, the key mission of a distribution center is to reconcile supply and demand requirements. Distribution center location selection problems usually involve multiple quantitative and qualitative criteria that the decision maker must take into account for assessing the symmetrical impact of the criteria to reach the most accurate result. In this study, the authors propose a hybrid MCDM model based on Spherical Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (SF-AHP) and Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) Algorithm to support the distribution location selection problem of perishable agricultural products. The proposed model is then applied to the numerical case study of the sweet potato product of the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam to demonstrate the feasibility of the model. The contribution of this research is to propose an MCDM model for improving the efficiency of the agricultural supply chain through selecting a location distribution center. This proposed model can be applied to the agricultural supply chain around the world.

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Tran, Huu Khoa, Juing-Shian Chiou, and Viet-Hung Dang. "New Fusion Algorithm-Reinforced Pilot Control for an Agricultural Tricopter UAV." Mathematics 8, no. 9 (September 4, 2020): 1499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8091499.

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Currently, fuzzy proportional integral derivative (PID) controller schemes, which include simplified fuzzy reasoning decision methodologies and PID parameters, are broadly and efficaciously practiced in various fields from industrial applications, military service, to rescue operations, civilian information and also horticultural observation and agricultural surveillance. A fusion particle swarm optimization (PSO)–evolutionary programming (EP) algorithm, which is an improved version of the stochastic optimization strategy PSO, was presented for designing and optimizing controller gains in this study. The mathematical calculations of this study include the reproduction of EP with PSO. By minimizing the integral of the absolute error (IAE) criterion that is used for estimating the system response as a fitness function, the obtained integrated design of the fusion PSO–EP algorithm generated and updated the new elite parameters for proposed controller schemes. This progression was used for the complicated non-linear systems of the attitude-control pilot models of a tricopter unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to demonstrate an improvement on the performance in terms of rapid response, precision, reliability, and stability.

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Proskurnin, Oleg, Kateryna Berezenko, Iryna Kyrpychova, Yana Honcharenko, and Anatoly Jurchenko. "IMPROVEMENT OF THE MODEL OF TRANSFORMATION OF NITROGEN-CONTAINING SUBSTANCES IN A WATER BODY FOR THE SOLUTION OF NATURE MANAGEMENT PROBLEM." EUREKA: Life Sciences 3 (May 31, 2017): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2017.00356.

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In the article is considered the one of aspects of nature management regulation – an account of successive transformation of pollutants in a water body, that come with waste waters of industrial, municipal and agricultural enterprises. It is necessary at the determination of permissible pollutants emission with waste waters that doesn’t allow the excess of the permissible level of substances content in the control point of a water body. This problem is considered on the example of successive transformation of nitrogen-containing substances in the following transformation order: organic nitrogen – ammonium nitrogen - nitrite nitrogen – nitrate nitrogen. The topicality of the modeling of nitrogen-containing substances is conditioned by their role in water ecosystems functioning. At that existent mathematical models of natural water quality formation that take into account substances transformation contain the large number of unknown parameters. So, the use of such models in problems of nature management regulation is problematic, because identification of model parameters is a separate very complicated scientific problem. And existent models with relatively small number of parameters don’t take into account the natural pollution of water bodies, caused by the life activity of organisms; substance losses in the transformational chain are also possible. The improved matrix mathematical model of nitrogen-containing substances transformation without the indicated shortcomings is offered.

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Raeisi, Narges, Shahram Moradi, and Miklas Scholz. "Surface Water Resources Assessment and Planning with the QUAL2KW Model: A Case Study of the Maroon and Jarahi Basin (Iran)." Water 14, no. 5 (February 23, 2022): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14050705.

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Mathematical models are useful for predicting the reactions of watercourses such as rivers due to the entry of contaminants. Some of these models are able to simulate the effects of present and future loadings as well as aid managers and officials in making decisions even if the data are sparse. In other words, river water quality preservation requires more investment in wastewater treatment and/or the installation of collection and control systems; it may also limit activity expansion in the river basin. The conservation of watersheds such as the Maroon and Jarahi basin, which provide water for drinking and for industrial and agricultural use, is socio-economically vital. Therefore, the first stage of managing the conservation of water resources is understanding their qualitative changes. For this purpose, the QUAL2KW mathematical model was utilized to simulate the river water quality in this example region. According to the reported values of water quality parameters and pollutants at monitoring stations, it was established that the river is at a critical condition in terms of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) pollution due to the discharge of urban and industrial wastewater, as well as high electrical conductivity (EC) due to the drainage of agricultural lands. Based on the statistics calculated during the validation step, the authors concluded that the QUAL2KW water quality model is reliable in the simulation of qualitative parameters and the pollution data of the study area; namely the Maroon and Jarahi river basin located in the south-west of Iran. This will help stakeholders to better manage watersheds with sparse data. This region has been suffering from climate change which has led to droughts and the construction of several dams to retain water. For the second and third stations, the NASH (named after the mathematician John Forbes Nash) values were 0.96 and 0.92, respectively, indicating a relatively high model accuracy. The evaluation using the root mean square errors (RMSE) and NASH showed that the quality of water at the second station was better than the other two stations based on the coefficient of determination R2. Since there were three drains at station number 3, the wastewater entering the Maroon River had a higher level of contamination.

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Lapinova, Svetlana, Alena Anikina, and Alexander Osharin. "Analysis of export and import structures using network methods (on the example of the agricultural market)." St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies 36, no. 3 (2020): 421–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu05.2020.304.

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Analysis of trade cooperation between countries and identification of the most significant market participants is of great importance, both theoretically and empirically. The global trading community forms a network of international relations defined by trade contracts in various industries. Export-import trade flows are one of the key indicators of the level of cooperation among countries and the state of the global economy. The high intensity of such contacts across groups of countries suggests the existence of clusters in this market segment,consisting of central players — exporters and importers, who often define rules for other participants.Understanding the existence and identification of such a center helps to develop an optimal international trade strategy. The purpose of this contribution is to identify factors affecting trade flows among different countries. Statistical analysis of the international trade relations does not always reveal all the essential aspects of cooperation. This paper combines the methods of graph theory and econometric analysis to study the parameters of trade flows among countries. The parameters used in the network analysis make it possible to obtain additional characteristics of market participants, which help to evaluate their significance in the world trade. The paper also identifies some key mathematical and economic characteristics of export-import flows connecting destination countries. We have analyzed the directions of changes in world trade and established correspondences between metric characteristics of graph vertices and parameters of world trade models. The Russian indicators in export/import categories and its largest sales agents are estimated. The identification of the key intermediaries and importers (centers and authorities) on each of the markets in question has been carried out. As an example for this identification the market of agricultural products among the world’s largest exporters and importers of the product were used.

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Kholodova, Marina, Mikhail Kabanenko, Lyudmila Orekhova, Lyudmila Dubrova, and Zhanna Kolycheva. "Prospects for development of Russian agricultural industry in the context of export-oriented strategy implementation in the agro-industrial complex." E3S Web of Conferences 175 (2020): 13004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017513004.

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The research concept consists in the development of theoretical and empirical approaches for analysis and assessment of Russian agricultural production development trends in the context of exportoriented strategy implementation in the agro-industrial complex. The research is conducted using complex of methods of mathematical modeling in economics, including extrapolation methods (linear and non-linear trend models for analyzing the time dynamics of production and economic variables), scenario forecasting, Delphi approach. The projected parameters of the export potential of Russian agricultural production are developed and represented in the paper. Based on the data of 2009-2018, the development state is analyzed and trends become visible of the farm stock structure by farming categories in the Russian Federation and staple food production, including meat, milk, vegetables, potatoes, grain and sunflower. Three forecasting scenarios of staple food production per capita in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025 are developed and proved (base case, best-case and worst-casescenarios).

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Grischenko, Volodimir Mikolayovich, and Kateryna Serhiivna Leonova. "Application of computer systems for modeling dynamic processes of lifting machines." Bulletin of the National Technical University «KhPI» Series: Dynamics and Strength of Machines, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2078-9130.2021.2.249498.

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The main task of mechanical engineering is to organize the production of a range of machines to meet the needs of all industries. These are power, transport, lifting and transport units, agricultural machinery, construction industry, etc. Among them, one can single out devices in which the relative movement of their parts is assigned, that is, kinematic pairs are included in the calculation models. The real operating conditions of machines are varied, but most often they are associated with periodic starts-stops, which determines the relevance of the study of unsteady modes. The analysis of the operation of such models becomes more complicated. For successful design results, mathematical modeling of individual processes in mechanisms is carried out. One of the first calculations is dynamic. Modern, available CAD / CAE systems for modeling and analysis provide automation capabilities, building more realistic design models. The paper discusses the approbation of the use of CAD for modeling the dynamics of a jib crane with a set of four units: platform, boom, sleeve and rod. The developed model is combined: the platform and the sleeve correspond to the kinetostatic model, and the boom and rod are elastic. The crane is designed to perform lifting operations in a vertical plane, with the possibility of relative movement in 3 rotational and one translational kinematic pairs. The performed calculations of the static, modal and dynamic analyzes of the links of the mechanism confirm the adequacy of their models. Among them is the task of instantaneous load application, which is typical for the "lifting and picking" operating mode of crane lifting mechanisms. The deformation of the entire structure in one of the boom positions is also considered. The determination of the reaction forces in the hydraulic cylinder provides important information for the selection of the power unit.

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Trost, Daniel, Adam Polcar, Dorin Boldor, and Vojtěch Kumbár. "Pour point and predictive models for the viscosity-temperature non-linear behaviour of ternary fuel blends for a compression ignition engine." BioResources 18, no. 1 (November 22, 2022): 653–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.1.653-677.

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Due to the ever-increasing consumption of fossil fuels, their impact on the environment, and the volatility of the market, it is advisable to use biofuels that can be produced locally from renewable sources, which supports the local economy, agriculture, and related processing industries. This article deals with how to improve the flow properties and pour point of biofuels for diesel engines. For the experiment, biodiesels in the form of rapeseed methyl ester (RME) and methyl ester made from waste animal fats and tallow (WAFME) were used. The pour point, viscosity, and density of WAFME were improved by mixing with RME and/or by adding bio-alcohols (alcohols produced from biomass, e.g., lignocellulosic). All used biofuels were classified as 2nd generation biofuels. The flow properties of the mixtures were monitored and subsequently modelled at temperatures from -10 to 60 °C. The addition of bio-alcohol had a statistically significant effect on the decrease in the viscosity and pour point of ternary blends (p < 0.05). Mathematical models of the dependence of kinematic viscosity on the temperature of mixtures (power law, exponential, Arrhenius, and Vogel) were created.

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Mailhot, Alain, Alain N. Rousseau, Serge Massicotte, Jacques Dupont, and Jean-Pierre Villeneuve. "A watershed-based system for the integrated management of surface water quality: the GIBSI system." Water Science and Technology 36, no. 5 (September 1, 1997): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0236.

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This paper presents a general description and the state of progress of the GIBSI system, a watershed-based software system for integrated management of surface water quality. This spatial support-decision system is designed to assist decision makers as well as water resources professionals. An integrated structure composed of mathematical models, a Geographical Information System (GIS) and a DataBase Management System (DBMS) characterizes the system. This means interactions between users and system components are made through a single user-friendly interface. A simple scenario approach is used to examine the impact of alternative urban, industrial, and agricultural management practices on surface water quality. Interpretation of results is based on comparing different management scenarios with a reference state or other previously defined scenarios.

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Ovchar, R. F. "Analysis of effectiveness of process operational and technological reliability of agricultural mashines." Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 11, no. 4 (September 10, 2020): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machenergy2020.04.143.

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The analysis suggests that to solve the contradiction between the need of ensuring the required level of serviceability of combine harvesters and capabilities of existing system and repair management of the technical state of combine harvesters at the present stage, there is a need to improve the subsystem recovery combine harvesters subject to the requirements of readiness to perform tasks on purpose and financial capacity for its maintenance. Analysis of scientific literature showed that today the unsolved problem of search and introduction of effective methods and repair combine harvesters are: development of mathematical models of the process and repair, which would allow comparative assessment of technical and economic efficiency of different modes, and repair objects combine harvesters, alternative strategies for their repair, with the aim of improving the quality of control of technical condition of the vessel in conditions of limited funding. Consideration of the process of technical maintenance of combine harvesters as a set of stages and repair objects combine harvesters allows to identify possible directions of improving the system restore. The analysis allowed to determine four basic options for its organization and to make a qualitative assessment of the benefits and disadvantages of each of these options. Reduced operating costs in the operation of combine harvesters, along with other measures of organizational and technical nature require greater automation of control of technical condition. Automation of technical state control of combine harvesters developed in the following areas: embedded systems control, on-board automated control systems, specialized control systems and universal control systems dismantled equipment. A large share of false failures in equipment, violation of industrial relations in the repair network on-board equipment, the shortage of maintenance fund requires implementation and operation. Most fully able to examine the efficiency of the process of operation of complex technical systems using analytical models. Existing approaches to the assessment of the recovery system can be classified also according to the used indicators of effectiveness: the number of constructive variables of units that are replaced (restored) for a predetermined period of operation of the control object, repair cost of the constituent elements of the functional system for a specific period at different depths of the control and completeness of the recovery, the downtime of the test object within a certain period, for comprehensive reliability, such as coefficient of readiness, coefficient of technical use.

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Zahaba, Maryam, Mohd Izuan Effendi Halmi, Ahmad Razi Othman, and Mohd Yunus Shukor. "Mathematical Modelling of the Growth Curve of Vibrio sp. Isolate MZ Grown in Seawater Medium." Bioremediation Science and Technology Research 6, no. 1 (July 31, 2018): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54987/bstr.v6i1.397.

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Pollution in the environment is deteriorating the ecology due to human activities in a large array of industrial and agricultural sectors. Bioassay of polluted waters using bioluminescent bacterium has been touted as one of the most economical, rapid and sensitive tests. The growth of the bacterium on seawater medium exhibited a typical sigmoidal profile. To extract important growth parameters useful for further modelling exercise, various primary growth models were utilized in this study such as Modified Logistic, modified Gompertz, modified Richards, modified Schnute, Baranyi-Roberts, von Bertalanffy, Huang and the Buchanan three-phase model. The best performance was Huang model with the lowest value for RMSE, AICc and the highest value for adjusted R2. The AF and BF values were also excellent for the model with their values were the closest to 1.0. The Huang parameters, which include A or Y0 (bacterial growth lower asymptote), ïm (maximum specific bacterial growth rate), ï¬ (lag time) and Ymax (bacterial growth upper asymptote) were 7.866 (95% confidence interval of 7.850 to 7.883), 0.329 (95% confidence interval of 0.299 to 0.359), 1.543 (95% confidence interval of 1.303 to 1.784) and 8.511 (95% confidence interval of 0.299 to 0.359).

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Corrêa, P. C., A. L. D. Goneli, C. Jaren, D. M. Ribeiro, and O. Resende. "Sorption Isotherms and Isosteric Heat of Peanut Pods, Kernels and Hulls." Food Science and Technology International 13, no. 3 (June 2007): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013207079601.

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This study was carried out to evaluate the sorption isotherms of peanut pods, kernels and hulls for several temperature and humidity conditions and to fit different mathematical models to the experimental data, selecting the one best fitting the phenomenon. The dynamic method was applied to obtain the hygroscopic equilibrium moisture content. The environmental conditions were provided by means of an atmospheric conditioning unit, in which removable perforated trays were placed to allow air to pass through peanut mass, each one containing 50 g of the product. The mathematical models frequently used for the representation of hygroscopicity of agricultural products were fit to the experimental data. Based on those results, it was concluded that peanut pods, kernels and hulls presented differentiated hygroscopicity. The equilibrium moisture content for peanut pods, kernels and hulls increased with an increase in the relative humidity at any particular temperature and decreased with increase in temperature at constant relative humidity. At a constant water activity, peanut hulls samples had higher equilibrium moisture content than the pods and kernels samples. Based on statistical parameters, the modified Henderson and Chung-Pfost models were found to adequately describe the sorption characteristics of peanut pods, kernels and hulls. Isosteric heat of desorption were evaluated by applying the Clausius—Clapeyron equation to experimental isotherms and decreased with increasing moisture content. The peanut hulls had higher isosteric heat of sorption than that peanut pods and kernels.

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39

Yakirevich, Alexander. "Water Flow, Solute and Heat Transfer in Groundwater." Water 12, no. 7 (June 28, 2020): 1851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12071851.

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Groundwater is an essential and vital water resource for drinking water production, agricultural irrigation, and industrial processes. The better understanding of physical and chemical processes in aquifers enables more reliable decisions and reduces the investments concerning water management. This Special Issue on “Water Flow, Solute and Heat Transfer in Groundwater” of Water focuses on the recent advances in groundwater dynamics. In this editorial, we introduce 12 high-quality papers that cover a wide range of issues on different aspects related to groundwater: protection from contamination, recharge, heat transfer, hydraulic parameters estimation, well hydraulics, microbial community, colloid transport, and mathematical models. By presenting this integrative volume, we aim to transfer knowledge to hydrologists, hydraulic engineers, and water resources planners who are engaged in the sustainable development of groundwater resources.

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40

Nguyen, XuanTruong, and Linh Manh Pham. "Detecting Multiple Perturbations on Swine using Data from Simulation of Precision Feeding Systems." International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 12, no. 12 (December 4, 2022): 136–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.46338/ijetae1222_15.

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Industry 4.0 brings transformation to all industries, including agriculture. Smart livestock has been replacing traditional livestock as a trend of the agricultural industry in the world. Precision feeding is one of the areas of smart husbandry that combines many modern multidisciplinary technologies which are prominent such as AI, IoT, Big Data, etc. To obtain that for pigs, a precision feeding system needs to be implemented. Components of the system include automatic feeders connected to a computer system to collect and process data on daily feed intake of fishes and animals, and/or from ambient sensors. Perturbations such as heat stress or sanitation issues have a significant impact on the nutritional profile of group housed pigs. However, perturbation is often detected only after it has occurred and is recognized late by the consequences left on the animal. Although the cause of perturbations might be unknown, the effect on the animal can be observed early throughout the data of voluntary feed intake. By the precision feeding system, the data are processed and analysed based on mathematical models following a two-step approach: (1) estimation of target trajectory of cumulative feed intake using linear and quadratic functions, and (2) detection of perturbations based on deviations from the target cumulative feed intake. However, implementing such a system requires huge costs and is often beyond the capabilities of farms, production households and small/medium laboratories. In this paper, we introduce an agent-based modeling approach to simulate precision feeding systems for swine, whose data can be used to early detect multiple perturbations which may have appeared. Experiments were carried out on GAMA simulation platform to demonstrate the efficiency in detecting multiple perturbations of group housed pigs, and also prove the usefulness of simulation of precision feeding systems.

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41

Vinogradova, Ekaterina, and Anna Galimova. "Management of changes in companies of the agro-industrial complex: implementation of high technologies." E3S Web of Conferences 262 (2021): 01040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126201040.

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Digitalization is the most powerful tool for increasing the efficiency of agricultural enterprises. A computerized microclimate control system, the use of chip tags for animals and scanners to read information from these tags and enter data into the system, the use of flow meters, equipping machines with GPS sensors, the implementation of precision farming, space survey can improve the quality of production and monitoring, as well as neutralize the negative influence of the external environment on production efficiency. The ability to digitize agro-technological processes based on the creation of expert systems carrying out multiple factor analysis based on complex mathematical models. Monitoring and accounting of certain factors influence is performed on these platforms based on machine learning and a neural network. The introduction of high technologies should be carried out in close connection with the business processes reengineering, management of ongoing changes to achieve the maximum effect from the high technologies implementation.

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Медведева, Л., L. Medvedeva, М. Старовойтов, M. Starovoitov, Е. Гончарова, E. Goncharova, Ю. Гущина, and I. Gushchina. "KEY INDICATORS IN DEVELOPMENT ASSESSMENT OF MONOTOWNS AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences 2018, no. 1 (February 25, 2018): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/25003372-2018-1-128-136.

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<p>The development of single-industry cities, whose economy once depended entirely on one or two city-forming enterprises and local research institutes and design bureaus, is extremely relevant. A government commission has adopted integrated investment plans for the modernization of single-industry towns; it has given permission to create «Free Economic Zones» and «territories for advanced development» on their basis, which should influence their economic growth. The current analysis has shown that 1) the main focus of the mono city development strategy is on the development of local industry and small business related to the defense complex or agriculture; 2) local authorities propose projects for the construction of pig farms, milk, meat, oil, fish processing industries, or opening new construction industry enterprises. However, the issue of effective investment of budget funds continues to remain highly debated in economics. The paper features some key indicators of the development of single-industry towns, as well as economic-mathematical models of distribution of investment flows, which make it possible to predict the vectors of their long term development.</p>

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43

Saparova, D., and S. Saginova. "Water resources of Kazakhstan as a factor in the growth of agro-industrial production in the context of transition to "green" economy." Problems of AgriMarket, no. 4 (December 15, 2022): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.46666/2022-4.2708-9991.09.

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The purpose – is to show the state of water resources, their use as a factor in the growth of AIC and development of water strategy of Kazakhstan. Statistical indicators that have direct impact and significantly affect the effectiveness of management of water sources in the republic are systematized. Methods – economic-mathematical, predictive calculations in order to solve the problems of water supply for national economic needs of the country with high-quality drinking water. Results – the degree of development of this topic in scientific works of domestic and foreign environmental scientists and economists was studied. Particular factors are determined on the basis of econometric model in the form of joint equations, their significance for the future is proved and justified. It is proposed to analyze the situation that has developed in the system of water objects of agricultural sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of implementation of "green" economy projects with the help of multifactorial probabilistic-statistical models that characterize the mechanism of functioning of socio-econometric system. Statistical series of initial data were compiled, presented by the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Conclusions – it is noted that agriculture is the most water-intensive sector, characterized by the greatest losses of water during its transportation and use. The authors recommend that farmers implement innovative methods to improve irrigation efficiency with more sustainable water harvesting. It was revealed that primary reasons for the growing shortage of used water objects are worn-out infrastructure, the use of outdated technologies in construction of water supply networks. The results of calculations of management of structural economic-mathematical model for the analysis and forecasting of ec onomic processes of different levels for the period 2022-2025 are obtained.

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44

Chumbadze, Tamara T., Nikolay G. Filippenko, Aleksandr V. Livshits, Emil F. Farzaliev, and Vladimir S. Bychkovskiy. "Aspects of Modeling and Automated Control of Photopolymerization Processes." Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK 48, no. 4 (December 2021): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2021-68-4-29-35.

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The use of polymers in the agro-industrial complex has increased over the past decades. This is due to their use as structural materials in equipment for processing, storage and preparation of agricultural products. The article presents the overview of the state of existing control systems for the process of predicted polymerization, a literary and patent analysis of the presented mathematical models of chemical polymerization reactions. There are considered the methods of control of the processes of design, manufacture, modeling and construction of automated control systems. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to determine the promising directions for the development and research of the designing materials and products made of photopolymers with predetermined structural properties. (Materials and methods) The article presents software complexes for modeling polymer materials, algorithms and mathematical models of polymerization. Authors used a literary and patent review in the study. (Results and discussion) The analyze of the program complexes for modeling polymer materials shows that in an explicit, visualized form, the process of creating photopolymers with specified design parameters is not represented in them. The analysis of a typical technological process as an object of management was carried out using the example algorithm of a specific production unit, and have established the possibility of improving existing automated control systems for it. The article describes the possibility of constructing an automated control system for the technological process of photopolymerization, stabilization of physico-chemical processes in the production of polymer products. (Conclusions) The actual tasks of further research is creating a software package for modeling materials with specified structural properties; mathematical apparatus for calculating and modeling photopolymerization processes; construction of automated control systems for technological processes of manufacturing products from photopolymer structural materials.

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45

Bondina, Natalia, Igor Bondin, Irina Pavlova, and Oksana Mamai. "Modeling the efficiency of the use of production potential." BIO Web of Conferences 52 (2022): 00030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20225200030.

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The efficiency of modern agricultural business depends on many economic factors, the key driver of which is the production potential. At the level of certain business entities, this is the maximum possible output of the finished product in the conditions of the achieved volume of production factors (labor, capital, land). The problems of stabilization and further production increase in the agro-industrial complex of Russia require an increase in the efficiency of the use of production potential by all participants in the agricultural business. At the same time, the major impact of digital transformation on all sectors of the country’s economy changes the already established models of managing the production potential thus adapting them to modern information technologies. Therefore, in the current economic conditions, the success of the agribusiness entities largely depends on the ability to calculate, model the efficiency of the production potential use. The construction of an economic and mathematical model and the practical use of its results allows optimizing the production, material, personnel components of the production potential to ensure the maximum volume of finished products and achieve the best performance indicators.

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46

Ravazzani, Giovanni, Chiara Corbari, Alessandro Ceppi, Mouna Feki, Marco Mancini, Fabrizio Ferrari, Roberta Gianfreda, et al. "From (cyber)space to ground: new technologies for smart farming." Hydrology Research 48, no. 3 (December 5, 2016): 656–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2016.112.

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Increased water demand and climate change impacts have recently enhanced the need to improve water resources management, even in those areas which traditionally have an abundant supply of water, such as the Po Valley in northern Italy. The highest consumption of water is devoted to irrigation for agricultural production, and so it is in this area that efforts have to be focused to study possible interventions. Meeting and optimizing the consumption of water for irrigation also means making more resources available for drinking water and industrial use, and maintaining an optimal state of the environment. In this study we show the effectiveness of the combined use of numerical weather predictions and hydrological modelling to forecast soil moisture and crop water requirement in order to optimize irrigation scheduling. This system combines state of the art mathematical models and new technologies for environmental monitoring, merging ground observed data with Earth observations from space and unconventional information from the cyberspace through crowdsourcing.

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47

BONDAREV, Andreea. "Application of the Natural Cellulosic Supports for the Treatment of the Industrial Effluents." Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science 44, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/mms.2021.3.08.

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Wastewater treatment is one of the most important concerns of the research studies in the field of environmental protection. The current study relates to the removal of Crystal violet dye from aqueous solutions through adsorption experiments onto natural cellulosic supports. Various waste materials that have in their composition lignocellulose are adsorbent supports with low costs for the removal of heavy metal ions and dyes from aqueous solutions. The use of chemically modified sawdust to obtain an inexpensive adsorbent for removing the Crystal violet dye (CV) from synthetic aqueous solutions has been presented in this research paper. The influence of some important parameters such as: initial dye concentration, adsorbent dose, contact time and temperature on adsorption efficiency for this dye removal have been studied. The Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin mathematical models have been used to evaluate the data of Crystal violet adsorption from aqueous media using wood sawdust. The research study shows that beech wood sawdust (Fagus sylvatica), as an agricultural waste which is readily available and relatively inexpensive has the potential to be an applicable alternative adsorbent for Crystal violet dye removal from industrial effluents.

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48

Vinichenko, Igor, Serhii Tkachenko, Larysa Kurbatska, Dmytro Volovyk, Olena Shevchuk, and Nonna Surzhenko. "Managing the Potential of Agro-Industrial Enterprises in the Consumer Market." Scientific Horizons 24, no. 5 (November 24, 2021): 108–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.48077/scihor.24(5).2021.108-120.

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The article implements aspects of managing the potential of agro-industrial enterprises in the consumer market. A comprehensive methodological approach to diagnosing the model of assessing the management of the potential of agro-industrial enterprises is proposed, which on the basis of the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy theories allows to optimize its level in the chain of aggregate components, reduce the pressure of factors to limit the competitive position of businesses in the consumer market. It is proved that economic diagnostics allows to reveal causal relations in managerial dysfunctions and to pass to the model of sustainable development of the enterprise and effective use of its potential. A group (integrated) system of economic system diagnostics is proposed, which combines the properties of traditional “rigid” models and algorithms that assess the state of management of agro-industrial enterprises and the reasons for their dysfunction in many uncontrolled flows of resources, with the probability of failure. It is substantiated that the main component in managing the potential of the enterprise is the availability of potential resources, the totality and interaction of which opens up promising opportunities to achieve management goals. The directions of estimating the value of the potential of the agro-industrial enterprise are determined. An expert assessment of the integrated factor coefficient of economic stability of the potential of agricultural holdings of the meat-processing unit of Ukraine has been carried out. The graph-analytical levels of type manifestations of the potential and the profile of its components at the enterprises of agro-industrial production of meat processing unit are determined. Standardized coefficients for rating of agricultural holdings of the meat-processing unit of Ukraine according to their potential have been calculated. The forecast level of indicators and the integrated coefficient of effective management of the potential of agro-industrial enterprises are established

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Viktor, Dubchak. "MATHEMATICAL MODELING FILLING VOLUME GEOMETRIC STRUCTURES OF BUNKER-TYPE WORKING BODIES MATERIALS OF SPHERICAL FORM." Vibrations in engineering and technology, no. 4(107) (December 23, 2022): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2306-8744-2022-4-9.

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The study of this work is a continuation of some previous results. The issue of filling certain external geometric objects or structures with a homogeneous set of other objects, in particular, a rounded shape, is an urgent task for solving a number of problematic issues in the field of agro-industrial production, storage and transportation of products of the appropriate geometric shape. The problem of effective maximum filling of containers of various geometries when storing products, bunker storages is always an urgent task not only in agricultural production, but also in the field of mechanical engineering, pharmaceuticals, furniture industry, military logistics, etc. As a result of research conducted on the modeling of technological processes of filling high-tech working bodies with geometric structures in the form of loose materials of spherical shape, in the research data, unlike the previous results, the emphasis is placed on the use of mathematical models of external three-dimensional geometric structures. For these structures, the introduction of similar to the flat case of fillings, the utility coefficient of such a maximum filling, was proposed and tested. In the case of three-dimensional geometric objects, this indicator is set as the ratio of the maximum possible useful volume to the entire volume of the external geometric structure that is to be filled (in percent). The value of this coefficient for standard three-dimensional geometric bodies or structures is calculated and the corresponding results are given. In this work, as supporting material, relevant drawings, tabular values as an illustration of individual formula results, and brief conclusions of the conducted research are given.

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Alieva, N. "Economic and Mathematical Modeling of the Innovation Process in the Agro-Industrial Sector." Economic Herald of the Donbas, no. 4 (66) (2021): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2021-4(66)-29-32.

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Modern scientific research in the field of agriculture is increasingly based on various mathematical calculations. In practice, it is the economic and mathematical models that are of particular importance. These methods and approaches are particularly valuable and widespread in the production environment, but in the modern conditions of production and economic activity, more and more industrial economic entities are faced with the application of mathematical models in order to improve the efficiency of investment resource management.

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