Дисертації з теми "Agent hétérogènes"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-35 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Agent hétérogènes".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Smidtas, Serge. "Modélisation et analyse, globale et locale, de réseaux d’interactions biologiques hétérogènes (RIBH) appliqué à la Levure." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EVRY0024.
Повний текст джерелаThis work studies biological in silico networks. It assess the question of integration, formalism and model of biological networks and subnetworks. First, an integration tool called Cyclone was developed to simplify the access and analyse biological information of the Biocyc database. Then, a graph model framework to analyse heterogeneous networks, MIB (for Biological Interaction Model) is presented. Finally, on one hand, these methods were used to study how subnetworks were linked together and to study network motifs in larger networks, and on the other hand, to study and model the metabolic pathway of galactose in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) that includes a heterogeneous feedback loop made of protein-protein interaction and transcriptional regulation
Touya, Guillaume. "Le Modèle CollaGen : collaboration de processus automatiques pour la généralisation cartographique de paysages hétérogènes." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00664464.
Повний текст джерелаLe, Yaouanq Sébastien. "Co-simulation redondante d'échelles de modélisation hétérogènes pour une approche phénoménologique." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0032/document.
Повний текст джерелаThere are usually two opposite points of view for the modelling of complex systems. First, microscopical models aim at reproducing precisely the behavior of each entity of the system. In general, their great number is a major obstacle both to simulate the model in a reasonable time and to identify global behaviors. By contrast, the phenomenological approach allows the construction of efficient models from a macroscopic point of view as a superposition of phenomena. A drawback is that we often have to set empirical parameters in these descriptive models. To respond to this problem, we want to make joint use of different levels of description and to use microscopical simulations to feed incomplete macroscopical models.We would then obtain enhanced descriptive simulations with the precision of microscopical models in this way. To this end, we propose a redundant multiscale architecture which is based on the co-simulation methodology in order to generalize the redundant multiscale approach. We suggest two specific co-simulation strategies to guide a macroscopical simulation.The first one consists in dynamically and explicitly estimating critical parameters of a macroscopical model thanks to a dedicated microscopical simulator The second one allows to implicitly determine a full set of dependant parameters on the basis of an output shared by the different levels of description. Then we apply our works to the effective problem of the design offshore structures for arctic conditions. We first describe the implementation of an ice-structure simulation tool by means of a phenomenological and multi-model approach. In a second phase, we show the benefits of our co-simulation strategies to improve the precision of hydrodynamics simulations on the one hand, and on the other to pilot a more macroscopical model for the purpose of fast prototyping
Lahoud, Inaya. "Un système multi-agents pour la gestion des connaissances hétérogènes et distribuées." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00977758.
Повний текст джерелаHassoumi, Inès. "Approche multi-agents de couplage de modèles pour la modélisation des systèmes complexes spatiaux : application à l'aménagement urbain de la ville de Métouia." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066031/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn This work we present an agent-based approach for coupling models in the context of complex spatial systems. The main idea of our approach called Coupling4Modeling is the use of the space as a medium of interactions between the coupling agents to allow them to co-exist and interact according to a set of rules that govern these interactions. By playing the role of coupling factor, space allows coupling agents to exchange data and to observe the results of pragmatic coupling of different models constituting the studied spatial complex sys-tem. This approach consisting in a methodology and an agent-oriented metamodel of coupling. Our metamodel is based on an organizational (AGRE) with holonic architecture that takes into consideration the specificity, autonomy and the calculation scale of each model. This notion of holon allows us to manage the heterogeneity of formalisms and spatio-temporal scales of models. In fact, spatial heterogeneity is managed by the decomposition of the collector and the interpreter agents until reaching the desired level of abstraction. These agents can move from one level to another by adapting the spatial scale of the space to the spatial scale of the model through conversion functions. The temporal heterogeneity is managed by a time agent that will calculate the future date in the execution of the model and a scheduler agent that will schedule these dates following the time scale of the simulation. We take the urban system of Metouia (Tunisia) as an example of spatial complex system, to study with details and to test our coupling4modeling approach. The main goal is to meet the needs of urbanists in terms of decision support in urban planning and to test our coupling approach coupling4modeling
Hassoumi, Inès. "Approche multi-agents de couplage de modèles pour la modélisation des systèmes complexes spatiaux : application à l'aménagement urbain de la ville de Métouia." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2015PA066031.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаIn This work we present an agent-based approach for coupling models in the context of complex spatial systems. The main idea of our approach called Coupling4Modeling is the use of the space as a medium of interactions between the coupling agents to allow them to co-exist and interact according to a set of rules that govern these interactions. By playing the role of coupling factor, space allows coupling agents to exchange data and to observe the results of pragmatic coupling of different models constituting the studied spatial complex sys-tem. This approach consisting in a methodology and an agent-oriented metamodel of coupling. Our metamodel is based on an organizational (AGRE) with holonic architecture that takes into consideration the specificity, autonomy and the calculation scale of each model. This notion of holon allows us to manage the heterogeneity of formalisms and spatio-temporal scales of models. In fact, spatial heterogeneity is managed by the decomposition of the collector and the interpreter agents until reaching the desired level of abstraction. These agents can move from one level to another by adapting the spatial scale of the space to the spatial scale of the model through conversion functions. The temporal heterogeneity is managed by a time agent that will calculate the future date in the execution of the model and a scheduler agent that will schedule these dates following the time scale of the simulation. We take the urban system of Metouia (Tunisia) as an example of spatial complex system, to study with details and to test our coupling4modeling approach. The main goal is to meet the needs of urbanists in terms of decision support in urban planning and to test our coupling approach coupling4modeling
Masmoudi, Souhir. "Contagion des anticipations des investisseurs sur le marché financier : une approche par les réseaux et les modèles multi-agents." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1084.
Повний текст джерелаWithin a behavioral approach and given the complexity of financial markets, the aim of this thesis is to examine the extent to which directed networks that governs the interaction among investors as well as their mimicking behavior influence their anticipations and the price dynamics. We propose an artificial asset market populated by chartists and fundamentalists who are allowed to switch from one trading strategy to the other according to their relative performances. Firstly, we study a fully connected network to test for a global interaction. We find that our benchmark model accounts for the emergence of excess volatility of asset prices when chartists dominate the market. Secondly, we restrict our focus to local interactions between investors. We generate a family of network structures that spans regular network, small world network and random network. Thirdly, we introduce a new model that allows us to control (1) the direction of the rewiring process of the links; (2) the randomness of the network; and (3) the asymmetry in its degree distribution by assuming that there are two classes of agents: stars and non-stars. We show that unlike the degree of the randomness of the network, the asymmetry in the degree distribution produces opposite effects depending on whether the network is outward or inward rewired. Finally, we address the question as to how this analysis can be used to produce realistic market dynamics. We find that the presence of a mimicking threshold with a high reaction coefficient provides a better approximation to the characteristics of the distribution of real returns and reproduces the most important stylized facts observed in financial time series
Masmoudi, Souhir. "Contagion des anticipations des investisseurs sur le marché financier : une approche par les réseaux et les modèles multi-agents." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1084.
Повний текст джерелаWithin a behavioral approach and given the complexity of financial markets, the aim of this thesis is to examine the extent to which directed networks that governs the interaction among investors as well as their mimicking behavior influence their anticipations and the price dynamics. We propose an artificial asset market populated by chartists and fundamentalists who are allowed to switch from one trading strategy to the other according to their relative performances. Firstly, we study a fully connected network to test for a global interaction. We find that our benchmark model accounts for the emergence of excess volatility of asset prices when chartists dominate the market. Secondly, we restrict our focus to local interactions between investors. We generate a family of network structures that spans regular network, small world network and random network. Thirdly, we introduce a new model that allows us to control (1) the direction of the rewiring process of the links; (2) the randomness of the network; and (3) the asymmetry in its degree distribution by assuming that there are two classes of agents: stars and non-stars. We show that unlike the degree of the randomness of the network, the asymmetry in the degree distribution produces opposite effects depending on whether the network is outward or inward rewired. Finally, we address the question as to how this analysis can be used to produce realistic market dynamics. We find that the presence of a mimicking threshold with a high reaction coefficient provides a better approximation to the characteristics of the distribution of real returns and reproduces the most important stylized facts observed in financial time series
Guastella, Davide Andrea. "Dynamic learning of the environment for eco-citizen behavior." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30160.
Повний текст джерелаThe development of sustainable smart cities requires the deployment of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to ensure better services and available information at any time and everywhere. As IoT devices become more powerful and low-cost, the implementation of an extensive sensor network for an urban context can be expensive. This thesis proposes a technique for estimating missing environmental information in large scale environments. Our technique enables providing information whereas devices are not available for an area of the environment not covered by sensing devices. The contribution of our proposal is summarized in the following points: * limiting the number of sensing devices to be deployed in an urban environment; * the exploitation of heterogeneous data acquired from intermittent devices; * real-time processing of information; * self-calibration of the system. Our proposal uses the Adaptive Multi-Agent System (AMAS) approach to solve the problem of information unavailability. In this approach, an exception is considered as a Non-Cooperative Situation (NCS) that has to be solved locally and cooperatively. HybridIoT exploits both homogeneous (information of the same type) and heterogeneous information (information of different types or units) acquired from some available sensing device to provide accurate estimates in the point of the environment where a sensing device is not available. The proposed technique enables estimating accurate environmental information under conditions of uncertainty arising from the urban application context in which the project is situated, and which have not been explored by the state-of-the-art solutions: * openness: sensors can enter or leave the system at any time without the need for any reconfiguration; * large scale: the system can be deployed in a large, urban context and ensure correct operation with a significative number of devices; * heterogeneity: the system handles different types of information without any a priori configuration. Our proposal does not require any input parameters or reconfiguration. The system can operate in open, dynamic environments such as cities, where a large number of sensing devices can appear or disappear at any time and without any prior notification. We carried out different experiments to compare the obtained results to various standard techniques to assess the validity of our proposal. We also developed a pipeline of standard techniques to produce baseline results that will be compared to those obtained by our multi-agent proposal
Donier, Jonathan. "Agents hétérogènes et formation des prix sur les marchés financiers." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066253/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is devoted to the study of price formation on financial markets, in particular when these are composed of a large number of agents. We start by the empirical study of an emergent market -- the bitcoin -- in order to better understand how individual actions impact prices -- a phenomenon known as « market impact ». We then develop a theoretical model based on the concept of heterogeneous agents, that allows to reproduce the empirical observations of a concave impact in a market that remains non-manipulable. The heterogeneous agents framework allows us to revisit the concepts of supply and demand in a dynamic context, to better understand how the choice of a particular market mechanism can impact liquidity, and to lay some grounds for a realistic market simulator. By studying several bubbles and crashes that happened on the bitcoin market, we finally show how relevant microstructure effects can be, in particular for understanding the occurrence of extreme phenomena
Vasnier, Kilian. "Evaluation de situations multi-agents à partir d’observations partielles et hétérogènes." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC207.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, we consider the problem of situation awareness, and more specifically, in crisis situation. In the crisis situation field, we are interested primarily in threat assessment in a topographical environment with a graph representation.Situation awareness systems propose mostly a passive acquisition of information and they face two major problematics. Firstly, the heterogeneity of information which describes the environment brings a knowledge representation problem. The second problem is a high temporal complexity due to the large amount of information while this dimension is crucial in crisis situation assessment.We propose an automated situation awareness system (ASAAP system) which tries to mitigate these problems. We present a dynamic environment modelling allowing an analysis of most valuable variables for situation assessment in order to reduce the field of possibilities and maximise the information gain. In the crisis situation field, we also propose to apply our system on a more specific domain, the threat assessment. This contribution allows to define and analyse the threat level of each exposed zones with the capacity of understanding the enemy's strategy by both representing its targets and the path to reach them. Finally, we present a preliminary approach about the optimisation of the coverage of most valuable variables by the sensors to maximise the information gain.We generated scenarios inspired from real situations to evaluate ours approaches in maritime and military field. The ASAAP system results show an improvement in situation awareness in its complexity and by its capacity to describes the enemy's strategy in reasonable time
Sabouret, Nicolas. "Interactions sur le fonctionnement dans les systèmes multi-agents ouverts et hétérogènes." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00464188.
Повний текст джерелаBrunet, Charles-Antoine. "GEMAS un environnement de développement d'applications basées sur les systèmes multi-agents hétérogènes." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2000. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1716.
Повний текст джерелаGonzalez, Pulgarin Jhon Jair. "Three Essays on Macroeconomics and Income Inequality." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Le Mans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LEMA2001.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis examines intergenerational income mobility, the sustainability of the pension system, and labor protection policies in the United States. Despite covering seemingly different topics, they are all analyzed through the lens of income and wealth inequalities using macroeconomic tools. Furthermore, education emerges as a crucial determinant across all three chapters, shaping the results. The link between education, income, and wealth inequalities is indeed fundamental.Chapter one, measures the evolution of intergenerational income and educational mobility and whether access to opportunities in the American economy has become more open over time. We provide estimates for intergenerational income elasticities, rank-rank income correlations, and educational-income transition matrices using the two cohorts of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1979, 1997) administered by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the United States. We find that since the 1980s, educational mobility, both upward and downward, has increased. This suggests that the American system manages to provide the same educational opportunities to all children regardless of their parents' education level. We also find that the impact of the income rank of parents without a university degree is very low on the income rank of their children.Chapter two introduces a heterogeneous agent model to understand pension system sustainability in the context of increasing life expectancy and a lowering dependency ratio. We explore various reform options, including adjustments to income tax rates, pension levels, and retirement age. We take into account the evolution of educational attainment and the average career development linked to employment experience, distinguishing between the labor market for graduates and non-graduates.We find that variations in income tax and pension rates increase distortions in labor supply, reducing work-related remuneration. These adjustments also tend to increase the probability for youths to be financially constrained. However, the distortions in labor supply vanish when increasing the retirement age, but this raises the problem of optimal time allocation between work and leisure over the life cycle. The increase in education level does not significantly affect fiscal budget sustainability, even though it allows a significant increase in GDP. Adjustments via tax increases or pension reductions increase wealth inequalities, which are higher when raising the retirement age.Chapter three addresses how variations in employment protection regulations across US states affect wage differentials between educational categories. These effects appear influenced by workers' education levels. The evolution of the college-wage premium, a measure of education returns, has shown a fluctuating trend in the United States. Alongside the steep increase in the college-wage premium during the period 1977-1997, the US also experienced a rise in firing costs during the same period. Several exceptions to the employment-at-will policy were introduced between 1977-1997. The employment-at-will policy allows employers to discharge or retain employees at will, with or without cause. Increasing employment protection may prompt firms to lower their dismissal threshold, potentially reducing average job productivity and wages. Furthermore, the arrival of idiosyncratic shocks may be higher for less and highly educated workers due to deteriorating labor market conditions and high volatility, respectively.I find that rising firing costs negatively affect wages within selected states, with the extent of these effects varying by education level. There is a particularly strong negative effect for individuals with greater-than-college education and high school dropouts. From a theoretical perspective, firing costs negatively impact equilibrium wages for incumbent workers. (...)
Jiang, Wei. "Contrôle de la formation et du confinement variable dans le temps et entièrement distribué pour les systèmes multi-agents/ multi-robots." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECLI0016/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with the time-varying formation and containment control for linear time-invariant multi-agent systems with heterogeneity considering constant / time-varying input / output delays and matched / mismatched disturbances under directed and fixed communication topology. New formats of time-varying formation shapes for homogeneous and heterogeneous systems are proposed. The controllers, which are designed based on predictive and adaptive techniques with observer technique, are fully distributed and can be applied to large-scale systems. The application on linearized heterogeneous multi mobile robot systems is verified
Frachon, Léa. "Génomique écologique de l'adaptation d'Arabidopsis thaliana dans un environnement hétérogène." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30098/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn the context of global changes, one of the challenges in ecological genomics is to estimate the adaptive potential of natural populations. Three steps are requested to address this challenge: identification of the selective agents and their associated spatial grains, identification of the genetic bases of adaptation and monitoring the adaptive dynamics of natural population over a short time period. Here, I aimed at studying the adaptive potential of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Based on 168 natural populations of A. thaliana characterized for 24 phenotypic traits and 60 abiotic (climate, soil) and biotic (plant communities and microbiota) factors, plant communities were found to be the main selective agents. Based on 4.8 million SNPs, I combined Genome Environment Association analysis with genome scans for signatures of selection. I confirmed the importance to consider plant-plant interactions when studying adaptation in A. thaliana. To monitor the adaptive dynamics of a natural population in the context of global warming, I combined an in situ resurrection study with an approach of GWA mapping based on 195 local accessions characterized for 29 phenotypic traits and 1.9 million SNPs. Adaptive evolutionary changes were largely driven by rare QTLs with intermediate degrees of pleiotropy under strong selection. In addition to these rare pleiotropic QTLs, weak selection was detected for frequent small micro-habitat-specific QTLs that shape single traits. Overall, I suggest that a rapid adaptive phenotypic evolution can be rapidly achieved in A. thaliana, while still maintaining genetic variation in natural populations
Semeshenko, Viktoriya. "Agents apprenant en intéraction : modèles, simulations et expériences." Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0070.
Повний текст джерелаThe subject of this thesis is to model socio-economic systems composed of a large number of heterogeneous agents making binary choices. We study the impact of the social interactions and agents' learning capacities on the system's dynamics, using methods of Statistical Physics and numerical simulations. We characterize the equilibrium collective states as well as the conditions necessary for the existence of multiple Nash equilibria. We consider adaptive agents within a framework of repeated choices. We study various learning algorithms and two learning scenarios corresponding to different assumptions about the information available to the agents. Starting from different initial conditions we study the evolution of the system and determine the conditions that prevent reaching the social optimum. We test the theoretical predictions running experiments under various information conditions. The results are interpreted in terms of learning, by adjusting the parameters to the empirical data
Seppecher, Pascal. "Modélisation multi-agents d'une économie monétaire de production : un système dynamique et complexe d'interactions réelles et monétaires entre des agents multiples, hétérogènes, autonomes et concurrents." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00693151.
Повний текст джерелаLecarme-Théobold, Émilie. "Comportement du tributylétain en milieu aqueux en présence d'une phase solide hétérogène." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10255.
Повний текст джерелаHuang, Wenyu. "Procédés de Fenton et photo-Fenton homogène et hétérogène : impact d'un agent complexant du fer, l'acide éthylènediamine-N,N'-disuccinique (EDDS)." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00788822.
Повний текст джерелаHuang, Wenyu. "Procédés de Fenton et photo-Fenton homogène et hétérogène : impact d’un agent complexant du fer, l’acide éthylènediamine-N,N’-disuccinique (EDDS)." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF22241/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this study we used the bisphenol A (BPA) as a model pollutant to analyse the efficiency of the Fenton and photo-Fenton processes. In the first part of the thesis, we studied the Fenton process in the presence of the complex Fe(III)-EDDS used as iron source. Different physicochemical parameters (concentrations of H2O2, Fe(III)-EDDS, O2 and pH) were tested with the goal to optimized the efficiency of the system in terms of BPA degradation. In the same time, the same kind of experiments were performed in the presence of light (emission from 300 to 450 nm) to study the photo-Fenton process. In the two cases (Fenton and photo-Fenton), we observed a strong and not usual pH effect. Indeed, the degradation of BPA is faster and more important when the pH is higher in the range between 3.0 and 9.0. To understand the mechanisms involved in such processes, some inhibition experiments of radicals (·OH and HO2●/O2●-) were performed. One of the most important conclusion of this research work is that the Fe(III)-EDDS complex plays a very positive role for the degradation of BPA. Moreover, in the presence of Fe(III)-EDDS the Fenton and photo-Fenton processes are very efficient in neutral and slightly basic pH. The comparison with other iron complexes (EDTA,citrate, oxalate) shows that in the presence of Fe(III)-EDDS complex we obtained the better efficiency for the degradation of BPA. This result and the fact that Fe(III)-EDDS is efficient until pH 9.0 show that Fe(III)-EDDS complex is really a promising iron source for the Fenton and photo-Fenton processes. In a third part, we studied the effect of EDDS in a heterogeneous system in the presence of Goethite as an iron source. In this chapter, we demonstrated that the presence of EDDS is detrimental for the Fenton process and leads to an inhibition of the process. In fact, EDDS is strongly adsorbed at the surface of the Goethite and avoid the reactivity of H2O2 at the Goethite surface. On the contrary, in the photo-Fenton process EDDS increases the efficiency of the BPA degradation for pHs near 7.0 and at low H2O2 concentrations
Cherra, Khalead. "Développement d'un support solide pour les tests immunoenzymatiques en phase hétérogène : Application à la détection de neurotoxines et d'IgG humaines." Compiègne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991COMPD386.
Повний текст джерелаWe have developed a new solid phase made of gelatin coated nitrocellulose membrane. This support offers the possibility of covalent linkage of proteins. We have studied this membrane by the development of immunoenzymatic essays. We have optimized the parameters involved in immobilization efficiency
Abbot, Tyler. "Heterogeneous risk preferences : theory and empirics." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0031.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis studies the solution to several models of financial markets with heterogeneous agents who differ in the rate of risk aversion. The first chapter solves a model with complete markets and dividends driven by a Geometric Brownian Motion. The second chapter solves a similar model, but with a mean reverting dividend process and shows how one could estimate such a model. The third chapter solves the model of chapter one when agents face convex portfolio constraints
Arrignon, Florent. "Hover-winter : un modèle multi-agent pour simuler la dynamique hivernale d'un insecte auxiliaire des cultures (Episyrphus balteatus, Diptera: Syrphidea) dans un paysage hétérogène." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2006. https://hal.science/tel-04574792.
Повний текст джерелаAbchiche, Nadia. "Elaboration, implémentation et validation d'une approche distribuée pour l'intégration de modèles de raisonnement hétérogènes : application au diagnostic de pannes électriques." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081527.
Повний текст джерелаThis work describes the elaboration of a distributed approach to integrate several heterogeneous reasoning models using multi-agents paradigms. Each reasoning model represents particular knowledge with appropriate methods. Since none of the reasonig models is able to solve a whole problem with acceptable performances, we have proposed a cooperation model, mocah (modellig cooperation between heterogeneous agents). The starting point is to model the cooperation reasoning at the knowledge level with a methodology usefull for domain expertise commet. In fact, we extracted cooperation expertise from works done in distributed artificial intelligence (contract net protocoles to allocate tasks, solving conflicts using negociation mechanisms). The most important point to develop is an agent's architecture to support the two levels of reasoning: cooperation reasoning and domain reasoning. These two levels are modeled using the above mentioned methodology which consist in decomposing knowledge according to three dimensions: the tasks, the methods and the domain model. Our architecture is sufficiently flexible to allow increasing the variety and the number of agents, deal with existing cooperation expertise and easily integrate new ones, and finally, be domain independent. A consensus representation is developed to make the agents communicating despite heterogeneous local representations. The agents reason not only on their own domain problems, but also on their capabilities and other agents' capabilities so they can cooperate to improve the problem solving process and increase the variety of the problems solved by the whole system. Our approach has been applied to diagnosis of faults in electrical functions of cars
Enée, Gilles. "Systèmes de Classeurs et Communication dans les Systèmes Multi-Agents." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00192372.
Повний текст джерелаNous avons choisi de travailler avec des systèmes de classeurs à algorithme génétique pour représenter les agents. Nous avons introduit un nouveau type de système de classeurs à base de connaissance de taille fixe, les systèmes de classeurs de type Pittsburgh simplifié, dont nous avons étudié les propriétés dans un contexte multi-agents de coordination spontanée.
Nous avons ensuite proposé avec succès aux agents "homogènes" de communiquer pour échanger leur "connaissance" à l'aide de l'élitisme distribué.
Enfin, les agents "hétérogènes" ont échangé efficacement des informations grâce à un modèle minimal de communication que nous avons ancré dans la réalité puis étendu.
Lelerre, Mathieu. "Processus Décisionnels de Markov pour l'autonomie ajustable et l'interaction hétérogène entre engins autonomes et pilotés." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC246/document.
Повний текст джерелаRobots will be more and more used in both civil and military fields. These robots, operating in fleet, can accompany soldiers in fight, or accomplish a mission while being supervised by a control center. Considering the requirement of a military operation, it is complicated to let robots decide their action without an operator agreement or watch, in function of the situation.In this thesis, we focus on two problematics:First, we try to exploit adjustable autonomy to make a robot accomplishes is mission as efficiency as possible, while he respects restrictions, assigned by an operator, on his autonomy level. For this, it is able to define for given sets of states and actions a restriction level. This restriction can force, for example, the need of being tele-operated to access a dangerous zone.Secondly, we consider that several robots can be deployed at the same time. These robots have to coordinate to accomplish their objectives. However, since operators can take the control of some robots, the coordination is harder. In fact, the operator has preferences, perception, hesitation, stress that are not modeled by the agent. It is then hard to estimate his next actions, so to coordinate with him. We propose in this thesis an approach to estimate the policy executed by a tele-operated robot from learning methods, based on observed actions from this robot.The notion of planning his important in these works. These are based on planning models, such as Markov Decision Processes
Ollagnier, Jean-Noël. "Polymérisation de l'acide acrylique dans le CO2 supercritique." Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30286.
Повний текст джерелаSubbotin, Alexander. "Horizons d'investissement multiples et dynamique des prix des titres." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00510035.
Повний текст джерелаCoulon, Jérôme. "Mémoire longue, volatilité et gestion de portefeuille." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00657711.
Повний текст джерелаClain-Chamosset-Yvrard, Lise. "Prix d'actifs, bulles et fluctuations macroéconomiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM2018.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with the interplay between the financial and real sectors of the economy. This thesis consists of four chapters. In the first two chapters, we study the existence and endogenous fluctuations of rational speculative bubbles, as a source of volatility in asset prices, taking into account the financial imperfections at the household level. We argue that the existence of a portfolio choice and financial frictions promote the emergence of bubble fluctuations and endogenous business cycles. In this context, we analyze the stabilizing role of fiscal and/or monetary policies. In Chapter 1, we show that a monetary policy responding to asset prices can stabilize the economy as a whole. In Chapter 2, we compare the stabilizing virtues of a progressive taxation on capital income with those of a monetary policy managed by a Taylor rule. We show that a progressive taxation on capital may rule out endogenous fluctuations, whereas a monetary policy under a Taylor rule has a mitigated stabilizing role. In Chapter 3, we study, the existence of rational bubbles in a two-country economy, and the international transmission of their bursting. A bubble bursting in a country necessarily transmits to the othercountry. The effect of a bubble crash in one country onthe bubble issued by the other country can be positive or negative. In Chapter 4, we analyze the role of heterogeneity on the dynamics of asset prices and inequalities when economic agents have preferences for wealth. Heterogeneity in preferences, but also in income, can heighten social inequalities and increase the asset price in the long run, but also promote asset price volatility in the short run
Le, Grand François. "Allocation intertemporelle d'actifs : application à la gestion d'une dette publique." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0148.
Повний текст джерелаSince the beginning of the 1980's, many OECD countries have experienced a steadily increasing indebtedness. This process was accompanied by the issuance of new asset classes, like inflation-linked bonds or very long term securities. In this thesis, I study two of the déterminants of the public debt allocation, namely priées and préférences. The term structure of interest rates describes debt security priées, as well as their temporal évolution. First, I investigate empirically the impact of no-arbitrage conditions on the optimal portfolio choices. I propose then a theoretical model of the yield curve, which illustrâtes how incomplète markets are likely to modify the relative priées of bonds with différent maturities. Finally, I analyze the influence of individual préférences on savings, and thus on the demand for financial securities. One of our major results states that the risk aversion drives the intensity of precautionary saving
Dromel, Nicolas. "Essais sur la Taxation et la Stabilisation Macroéconomique." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003846.
Повний текст джерелаLohoues, Hervé. "Essais sur l'exploitation d'un stock commun de ressource naturelle par des agents hétérogènes." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/183.
Повний текст джерелаArrignon, Florent. "HOVER-WINTER : un modèle multi-agent pour simuler la dynamique hivernale d'un insecte auxiliaire des cultures (Episyrphus balteatus, Diptera: Syrphidae) dans un paysage hétérogène." Phd thesis, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7557/1/arrignon.pdf.
Повний текст джерела