Статті в журналах: "Agent attitude"

1

Degond, Pierre, Amic Frouvelle, and Sara Merino-Aceituno. "A new flocking model through body attitude coordination." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 27, no. 06 (April 11, 2017): 1005–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202517400085.

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We present a new model for multi-agent dynamics where each agent is described by its position and body attitude: agents travel at a constant speed in a given direction and their body can rotate around it adopting different configurations. In this manner, the body attitude is described by three orthonormal axes giving an element in [Formula: see text] (rotation matrix). Agents try to coordinate their body attitudes with the ones of their neighbours. In this paper, we give the individual-based model (particle model) for this dynamics and derive its corresponding kinetic and macroscopic equations.

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2

GOYAL, MADHU. "ATTITUDE CYCLE FOR PROBLEM SOLVING TEAMS IN A DYNAMIC WORLD." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 13, no. 04 (December 2004): 945–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213004001910.

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In this paper, a mental attribute called attitude is introduced and its importance in agent problem solving is discussed. It presents the various properties of agents describing how the attitudes of the agents affect the behavior of the agents. The paper also discusses how the attitudes could be described computationally in terms of various attributes. This paper formalizes the team as a collective abstract attitude of participating agents. This concept especially has been very useful in formalising the behaviour of complex teams. The team model grounds the team attitude as the individual attitude of its member agents, which in turn is further divided into the attitudes and behaviours towards the various team attributes. In this paper a team problem solving methodology is also presented, which has the notion attitude and team cycle as its core to allow robust and coherent team behavior. It also shows how these various attitudes ultimately result into various team behaviors in a fire world. The application and implementation of this methodology to a virtual fire-fighting domain has revealed a promising prospect in developing problem solving team agents.

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Ridwan, Achmad Firdaus, and Mokhamad Yasid. "Sikap, Subyektif Normal, Dan Pengendalian Diri Untuk Terhadap Kinerja Agen Pemasaran Produk Hartal Mart." Al-Urban: Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah dan Filantropi Islam 3, no. 2 (December 29, 2019): 164–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22236/alurban_vol3/is2pp164-179.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of attitude has a significant influence on agent intentions, the influence of subjective norms on agent intentions, the effect of self-control on agent intentions in marketing halal mart products. This study uses the Theory Planned Behavior method and structured equation modeling (SEM) to see the effect of agents on the intentions and performance of agents to market halalmart products through measurement in terms of attitudes, subjective norms and self-control. The results of the research data show that attitudes, subjective norms and self-control have a significant and positive influence on the intentions of the agents to improve performance in marketing halalmart products.

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Perelman, B. S., A. W. Evans, K. E. Schaefer, and S. G. Hill. "Attitudes Toward Risk and Effort Tradeoffs in Human-Robot Heterogeneous Team Operations." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, no. 1 (September 2018): 1098–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621252.

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Current operational human-agent teaming paradigms place the full burden of danger on non-human agents. Shifting this burden entirely to the robot is currently possible due to the nature of the limited situations in which teleoperated robots are currently employed in military contexts. However, as the roles of non-human agents grow, robots are expected to function as teammates rather than tools. Here, we present a theoretical framework and metric for quantifying commanders’ attitudes toward risk and effort for humans and robots under their command. Twenty-one participants tasked a Soldier, a robot, and a heterogeneous team to rescue civilians in dangerous environments. Participants were risk averse when tasking each agent individually, but exhibited a risk averse attitude for the Soldier and an effort averse attitude for the robot when tasking the team. These findings show that risk attitudes can change as a function of team composition. The framework developed herein has utility for studying tradeoff attitudes across a wide breadth of contexts.

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KITTO, KIRSTY, and FABIO BOSCHETTI. "ATTITUDES, IDEOLOGIES AND SELF-ORGANIZATION: INFORMATION LOAD MINIMIZATION IN MULTI-AGENT DECISION MAKING." Advances in Complex Systems 16, no. 02n03 (May 2013): 1350029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021952591350029x.

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Sophisticated models of human social behavior are fast becoming highly desirable in an increasingly complex and interrelated world. Here, we propose that rather than taking established theories from the physical sciences and naively mapping them into the social world, the advanced concepts and theories of social psychology should be taken as a starting point, and used to develop a new modeling methodology. In order to illustrate how such an approach might be carried out, we attempt to model the low elaboration attitude changes of a society of agents in an evolving social context. We propose a geometric model of an agent in context, where individual agent attitudes are seen to self-organize to form ideologies, which then serve to guide further agent-based attitude changes. A computational implementation of the model is shown to exhibit a number of interesting phenomena, including a tendency for a measure of the entropy in the system to decrease, and a potential for externally guiding a population of agents toward a new desired ideology.

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6

Olson, Jonas. "The Personal and the Fitting." Journal of Moral Philosophy 11, no. 3 (May 2, 2014): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455243-01103001.

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This paper is a critical notice of a recent significant contribution to the debate about fitting attitudes and value, namely Toni Rønnow-Rasmussen’s Personal Value (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011). In this book, Rønnow-Rasmussen seeks to analyse the notion of personal value—an instance of the notion of good for a person—in terms of fitting attitudes. The paper has three main themes: (i) Rønnow-Rasmussen’s discussion of general problems for fitting attitude analyses; (ii) his formulation of the fitting attitude analysis of personal value and the notion of ‘for someone’s sake (fss) attitudes’; and (iii) his critique of the dichotomy between agent-neutral and agent-relative reasons.

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Young Oh, Eun, Donggil Song, and Hyeonmi Hong. "Interactive Computing Technology in Anti-Bullying Education: The Effects of Conversation-Bot’s Role on K-12 Students’ Attitude Change Toward Bullying Problems." Journal of Educational Computing Research 58, no. 1 (April 10, 2019): 200–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0735633119839177.

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The aim of this study was to examine the effects of an anti-bullying activity that utilizes conversational virtual agents (called conversation-bots or chatbots) on students’ attitudes toward bullying problems. An experimental pre- or posttest design with a three-group setting was used. Eighty-nine fifth-grade students were assigned to one of three groups: Conversation with a virtual agent of (a) bully’s role, (b) victim’s role, and (c) teacher’s role. All agents are conversation-bots designed to support learner–computer interactions. The bully agent defends the notion that bullying behaviors are acceptable whereas the victim agent argues that bullying behavior cannot be tolerated. The teacher agent teaches students the types of bullying and its negative aspects. The participants completed an anti-bullying attitude test at pre- and posttest, which included students’ anti-bully, intention, pro-victim, behavior, and self-efficacy factors. The results show that students’ attitudes toward bullying problems changed to more positive responses after the implementation that used the conversation-bot. In addition, the results revealed that the agent’s role had an impact on the students’ attitudes toward the anti-bully factor. Implications and future research regarding the use of conversation-bots in education are discussed.

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8

Wilkerson, Michelle Hoda. "Agents with Attitude: Exploring Coombs Unfolding Technique with Agent-Based Models." International Journal of Computers for Mathematical Learning 14, no. 1 (January 29, 2009): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10758-008-9142-6.

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9

Ioannidis, Evangelos, Nikos Varsakelis, and Ioannis Antoniou. "Promoters versus Adversaries of Change: Agent-Based Modeling of Organizational Conflict in Co-Evolving Networks." Mathematics 8, no. 12 (December 17, 2020): 2235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8122235.

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The social adoption of change is usually hard because in reality, forces opposing the social adoption of change manifest. This situation of organizational conflict corresponds to the case where two competing groups of influential agents (“promoters” versus “adversaries” of change) operate concurrently within the same organizational network. We model and explore the co-evolution of interpersonal ties and attitudes in the presence of conflict, taking into account explicitly the microscopic “agent-to-agent” interactions. In this perspective, we propose a new ties-attitudes co-evolution model where the diffusion of attitudes depends on the weights and the evolution of weights is formulated as a “learning mechanism” (weight updates depend on the previous values of both weights and attitudes). As a result, the co-evolution is intrinsic/endogenous. We simulate representative scenarios of conflict in 4 real organizational networks. In order to formulate structural balance in directed networks, we extended Heider’s definition of balance considering directed triangles. The evolution of balance involves two stages: first, negative links pop up disorderly and destroy balance, but after some time, as new negative links are formed, a “new” balance is re-established. This “new” balance is emerging concurrently with the polarization of attitudes or domination of one attitude. Moreover, same-minded agents are positively linked and different-minded agents are negatively-linked. This macroscopic self-organization of the system is due only to agent-to-agent interactions, involving feedbacks on weight updates at the local microscopic level.

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10

Das, S., ME Haque, M. Rokonuzzaman, S. Saha, and SR Saha. "Attitude of Haor Farmers’ Towards Extension Services." Annals of Bangladesh Agriculture 25, no. 2 (December 4, 2022): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/aba.v25i2.62413.

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The study was to determine haor farmers’ attitude towards extension services provided by extension agents in haor area. The study was conducted in Austagram upazila under Kishoregonj district during June to August 2018. Data were collected randomly from 150 haor farmers through face to face interview using an interview schedule. Majority (62%) of the respondents had moderately favorable attitude towards extension service provided by extension agent followed by 26 percent had slightly favorable attitude and only 12 percent showed highly favorable attitude. Extension agents provided enough motivational tour, rice production based training and demonstration effectively. Majority (78%) of the respondents strongly agreed with that ‘Teaching tools (Leaflet, Poster, Demonstration) used by extension agent are very effective.’ The farmers were acutely aware of the benefits and profitability of the extension services. However, 46 percent of the respondents strongly agreed with that ‘Resource-rich farmers get more benefit of extension services than others’. The selected characteristics like, annual income (χ2 value=11.61*), training exposure (χ2 value=15.65*), education level (χ2 value=12.97*) and living distance from upazila headquarter (χ2 value=10.64*) had significant associations with their attitude towards extension services provided by extension agent. The further extension services suggested by the farmer were i) set up local extension office in their union, ii) arranging training based on their problem, iii) make available low cost combine harvester, seed sowing machine and other necessary agricultural equipment’s, iv) extending communication equally for all categories of farmers’ and v) increase number of demonstrations on new high yielding rice varieties. Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2021) 25 (2) : 61-75

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Otaki, Atsushi, Kiyohiko Hattori, and Keiki Takadama. "Toward Strategic Human Skill Development Through Human and Agent Interaction: Improving Negotiation Skill by Interacting with Bargaining Agent." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 14, no. 7 (November 20, 2010): 831–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2010.p0831.

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This paper focuses on developing human skills through interaction between a human player and a computer agent, and explores its strategic method through experiments on the bargaining games where human players negotiate with computer agents. Specifically, human players negotiate with three types of agents: (a) strong/weak attitude agents making aggressive/defensive proposals in advantageous/disadvantageous situations; (b) fair agents making fair proposals; and (c) the “human-like” agents making mutually agreeable proposals as the number of games increases. Analysis of the human subject experiments has revealed the three major implications: (1) human players negotiating with the strong/weak attitude agents obtain the largest profit overall; (2) human players negotiating with “human-like” agents win many games; and (3) no relationship exists between profit maximization and a win of the games.

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12

Wang, Lin, Johan Markdahl, and Xiaoming Hu. "Distributed Attitude Control of Multi-Agent Formations*." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 44, no. 1 (January 2011): 4513–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20110828-6-it-1002.02609.

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13

Weimer, Steven. "Beyond History: The Ongoing Aspects of Autonomy." Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy 4, no. 1 (June 2, 2017): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26556/jesp.v4i1.37.

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Historical accounts of autonomy hold that the autonomy of pro-attitudes depends, at least in part, on the way in which they came about. Understandably, such accounts tend to focus the bulk of their attention on identifying the historical conditions necessary for the development of autonomous pro-attitudes. As Alfred Mele has argued, however, in addition to autonomy with respect to the development of one’s pro-attitudes, full or robust personal autonomy requires as well that one be autonomous with respect to the continued possession of one’s pro-attitudes, and with respect to the influence those pro-attitude have on one’s behavior. These non-historical aspects of personal autonomy have not, though, been adequately addressed by recent historical accounts. This paper aims to draw attention to, and hopefully go some way toward remedying, the need for further illumination of the two ongoing aspects of autonomy. I argue first that in order for a pro-attitude to be autonomously possessed, it is not enough that it developed in an autonomous manner; it must also be maintained in an autonomous manner. I examine two proposed “autonomous-maintenance” conditions, one by Mele, the other by Richard Arneson, and argue that, as those conditions stand, neither is satisfactory. What we need, I argue, is an autonomous-maintenance condition that adjusts and combines the requirements of those two conditions, such as that I go on to offer. According to that condition, the autonomous possession of a pro-attitude requires that the agent remain disposed and able to review the pro-attitude in the light of new and relevant evidence, and that she is capable of shedding the pro-attitude should such review issue in a rational judgment that it is best to do so. I then examine Mele’s discussion of the behavioral aspect of autonomy relative to a pro-attitude. I argue that by requiring that an agent be able to construct and execute a plan for acting on the basis of a pro-attitude that has some objectively determined likelihood of success, Mele’s treatment of the behavioral aspect of autonomy confuses the ability to autonomously pursue one’s ends with the ability to achieve them. The behavioral aspect of autonomy, I argue, ought instead require merely that an agent be able to employ her adequate self-control capacities in determining for herself whether and how to go about acting on her autonomously possessed pro-attitudes.

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Mata, Rui, Andreas Wilke, and Peter M. Todd. "Adding the missing link back into mate choice research." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28, no. 2 (April 2005): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x05360055.

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Evolutionary psychologists should go beyond research on individual differences in attitudes and focus more on detailed models of psychological mechanisms. We argue for complementing attitude research with agent-based computational modeling of mate choice. Agent-based models require detailed specification of individual choice mechanisms that can be evaluated in terms of both their psychological plausibility and the population-level outcomes they produce.

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Kasprowicz, Tomasz, and Andrzej Bednorz. "Threshold Theory – modelling risk attitude." e-Finanse 13, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fiqf-2016-0039.

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AbstractIn this paper we offer an alternative framework for examining why risk matters in the decisions of economic agents, and how the agent’s risk attitude affects his decisions. This “Threshold Theory” framework is based on a real options approach and the observation that in many situations an agent faces one or more thresholds in the payoff function. These thresholds influence the agent’s risk attitude. The theory’s predictions help to explain many anomalies that the standard expected utility model cannot. Threshold Theory can also model behavior in contexts such as individual investor decisions, corporate governance and other agency problems. Further, we examine CEO decisions as a function of time to the CEO’s retirement to test predictions of the Theory.

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Hubbs, Graham. "Answerability Without Answers." Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy 7, no. 3 (June 5, 2017): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26556/jesp.v7i3.74.

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The classical ethical questions of whether and to what extent moral criticism is a sort of rational criticism have received renewed interest in recent years. According to the approach that I refer to as rationalist, accounts of moral responsibility are grounded by explanations of the conditions under which an agent is rationally answerable for her actions and attitudes. In the sense that is relevant here, to answer for an attitude or action is to give reasons that at least purport to justify it. To hold someone answerable for an attitude or action is thus to hold her rationally liable for it. T. M. Scanlon’s view is perhaps the most well-known example of this approach. The rationalist approach has recently been attacked by David Shoemaker for being too narrow: the charge is that attitudes exist for which an agent is responsible even though she cannot, in the relevant sense, answer for them. If there are morally significant attitudes that are attributable to an agent even though she cannot answer for them, then it would seem incomplete, misguided, or worse to treat morality as fundamentally a matter of demanding and giving reasons. By developing some remarks based on G. E. M. Anscombe’s Intention, I defend the rationalist approach against this critique. I show how an agent may be answerable for an attitude even though she cannot answer for it. The objective of this paper is thus twofold: to contribute to the discussion of the connection between rational liability and ethical responsibility, and to provide an example of the broad relevance of Anscombe’s thought to contemporary practical philosophy.

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Chen, Shu-Heng. "Neuroeconomics and Agent-Based Computational Economics." International Journal of Applied Behavioral Economics 3, no. 2 (April 2014): 15–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabe.2014040102.

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Recently, the relation between neuroeconomics and agent-based computational economics (ACE) has become an issue concerning the agent-based economics community. Neuroeconomics can interest agent-based economists when they are inquiring for the foundation or the principle of the software-agent design. It has been shown in many studies that the design of software agents is non-trivial and can determine what will emerge from the bottom. Therefore, it has been quested for rather a period regarding whether anyone can sensibly design these software agents, including both the choice of software agent models, such as reinforcement learning, and the parameter setting associated with the chosen model, such as risk attitude. In this paper, the author will start a formal inquiry by focusing on examining the models and parameters used to build software agents.

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18

Song, W., Y. Tang, Y. Hong, and X. Hu. "Relative attitude formation control of multi-agent systems." International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control 27, no. 18 (March 31, 2017): 4457–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rnc.3803.

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Mral, Brigitte. "”Attitude matters”. Attitydyttringar som retoriska medel." Rhetorica Scandinavica, no. 56 (December 1, 2010): 6–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.52610/qzuj1571.

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Rhetorical criticism refers primarily to studying and critically analyzing explicit expressions of actors in rhetorical situations: arguments, stylistic approaches, visual messages, etc. It can also refer to additionally mapping a more implicit, unspoken and elusive level of implications, for instance, as well as underlying values and premises. This article presents a discussion on yet another elusive but often decisive communication level that has received little attention within the study of rhetoric, namely communication attitudes and how they manifest themselves, verbally as well as non-verbally. Within a rhetoric context, Kenneth Burke discusses the concept of attitude in interesting but undeveloped lines of reasoning. He suggests that his own model of dramatism, the pentad (Act, Scene, Agent, Agency, Purpose), be complemented with attitude as a sixth element. Burke seems to even see attitudes as the core of rhetorical, symbolic action. In this article, in relation to Burke but also to Michael Billig, a line of thought is developed regarding attitudes and attitude expressions as rhetorical means, that is communicative factors that can certainly be unconscious but can also be chosen just like other rhetorical strategies can. Keywords Rhetorical criticism, attitude, Kenneth Burke, dramatism, Michael Billig

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Hosseinali, F., A. A. Alesheikh, and F. Nourian. "Simulation of Land-Use Development, Using a Risk-Regarding Agent-Based Model." Advances in Artificial Intelligence 2012 (November 12, 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/964148.

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The aim of this paper is to study the spatial consequences of applying different Attitude Utility Functions (AUFs), which reflect peoples’ simplified psychological frames, to investment plans in land-use decision making. For this purpose, we considered and implemented an agent-based model with new methods for searching landscapes, for selecting parcels to develop, and for allowing competitions among agents. Besides this, GIS (Geographic Information Systems) as a versatile and powerful medium of analyzing and representing spatial data is used. Our model is implemented on an artificial landscape in which land is being developed by agents. The agents are assumed to be mobile developers that are equipped with several land-related objectives. In this paper, agents mimic various risk-bearing attitudes and sometimes compete for developing the same parcel. The results reveal that patterns of land-use development are different in the two cases of regarding and disregarding AUFs. Therefore, it is considered here that using the attitudes of people towards risk helps the model to better simulate the decision making of land-use developers. The different attitudes toward risk used in this study can be attributed to different categories of developers based on sets of characteristics such as income, age, or education.

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Obakemi, Funsho Idowu. "Attitude of Motorists towards Road Ethics: Empirical Study." Logistics & Sustainable Transport 9, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jlst-2018-0009.

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Abstract Road traffic safety among socioeconomic issues has become the major concern across the globe due to rise in road crashes attributed largely to human factor. This study tends to address attitudinal behavior of road users towards road ethics in Ilorin metropolis-Nigeria; covering both driver and motorcyclists and perception of motorists on road traffic enforcement agent. Questionnaire was employed as survey tools. Ordered logistic model were used to analyse the data on attitude of motorists and road traffic laws enforcement agents. About 87% of the 440 administered questionnaire were returned valid. A 3-model analysis was carried out and the findings showed that the attitude of the motorists, road traffic law enforcement agents and demographical index (gender, age and education) correlated with, and influence compliance with road traffic laws.

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Song, Wenjun, Johan Markdahl, Silun Zhang, Xiaoming Hu, and Yiguang Hong. "Intrinsic reduced attitude formation with ring inter-agent graph." Automatica 85 (November 2017): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2017.07.015.

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Suraiya, SM, B. Pises, B. Faizal, M. Shahnaz, and M. Nor Asiah. "School Children as Health Agent: An Explorative Study on Peers’ Perspectives." Global Journal of Health Science 9, no. 5 (February 21, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v9n5p1.

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INTRODUCTION: School based programme known as ‘Doktor Muda’ was established to empower school children using their knowledge and health skills to achieve better health status. ‘‘Doktor Muda’’ (DM) is a group involved a selection of trained school children that met certain criteria as peer educators in order to influence their peers’ attitude and health practices.METHODOLOGY: A cross sectional study was carried out from March 2014 to January 2015. Qualitative data were collected by Focus Group Discussion (FGD) to identify peers perspective towards DM as a health promotion agent using a semi structured open ended questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed according to the relevant themes that identify the abilty of DM to influence their peers’ attitude and health practices.RESULTS: The findings showed that majority of participants admitted positive response towards information given by DM in their behavioural beliefs towards health. Majority of the participants agreed DM has succeeded in changing their attitudes toward the importance of health involving were participants’ concern on health. However, some of the participants claimed negative response showed by the peers during dissemination of information by DM and participants’ observations. Verification from the feedback groups regarding individual who influence their personal hygiene practice revealed 45.5% by their ownself, 36.4% by their parents/family and 36.4% by DM respectively.CONCLUSIONS: This study has succeeded in exploring peers’ perspectives on the efficacy of DM as health promotion agent. Strengthening in positive beliefs among peers towards health, influencing positive attitudes to accentuate health and encouraging health practices at a moderate level were established in this study.

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Urbano, Joana, Henrique Lopes Cardoso, Ana Paula Rocha, and Eugénio Oliveira. "Trust and Normative Control in Multi-Agent Systems." ADCAIJ: Advances in Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence Journal 1, no. 1 (July 1, 2013): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14201/adcaij2012114352.

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Despite relevant insights from socio-economics, little research in multi-agent systems has addressed the interconnections between trust and normative notions such as contracts and sanctions. Focusing our attention on scenarios of betrayal, in this paper we combine the use of trust and sanctions in a negotiation process. We describe a scenario of dyadic relationships between truster agents, which make use of trust and/or sanctions, and trustee agents, characterized by their ability and integrity, which may influence their attitude toward betrayal. Both agent behavior models are inspired in socio-economics literature. Through simulation, we show the virtues and shortcomings of using trust, sanctions, and a combination of both in processes of selection of partners.

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Prihatiningsih, Witanti, and Fitria Ayuningtyas. "Analysis of Insurance Agent’s Credibility to Customer’s Attitude in Buying Policy." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.29 (May 22, 2018): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.29.13819.

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Companies must have their own criteria for their sales agents, start from how to speak in front of potential customers, personal appearance and knowledge about the products and the company itself. The credibility of sales agents will make their companies have a good reputation. Insurance agents also trained by company to introduce the products until someone willing to buy the products and become their loyal customer. This research aims to determine whether there is any significant impact of insurance agent’s credibility to customer’s attitude in buying a policy. The long-term results of the research can be used as communication competence for agents to persuade potential customers, who probably initially not interest to buy the products, became a loyal customer. This research used combination between quantitative and qualitative research. This research used regression analysis to determine the impact of insurance agent’s credibility to customer’s attitude in buying policy and combine with triangulation data from qualitative perspective. The data collection techniques used questionnaires that distributed to the respondent and in-depth interview for key informant and informant(s). The respondent of this research were people who have insurance in the city of Sukabumi, West Java. The theory that used in this research was source credibility and customer’s attitude. The results of this research indicate that trustworthiness, expertise, and attractiveness of insurance agents have a significant impact to customer’s attitude in buying a policy. From the three components, the most important thing is the expertise. The expertise of insurance agent has a highest score compare with trustworthiness and attractiveness of insurance agent and thru in-depth interview, the respondent agreed that expertise is the important things of insurance agent’s credibility. This proves that the agent's expertise is more influential compared to trustworthiness and attractiveness

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Panizza, Folco, Alexander Vostroknutov, and Giorgio Coricelli. "How conformity can lead to polarised social behaviour." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 10 (October 20, 2021): e1009530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009530.

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Learning social behaviour of others strongly influences one’s own social attitudes. We compare several distinct explanations of this phenomenon, testing their predictions using computational modelling across four experimental conditions. In the experiment, participants chose repeatedly whether to pay for increasing (prosocial) or decreasing (antisocial) the earnings of an unknown other. Halfway through the task, participants predicted the choices of an extremely prosocial or antisocial agent (either a computer, a single participant, or a group of participants). Our analyses indicate that participants polarise their social attitude mainly due to normative expectations. Specifically, most participants conform to presumed demands by the authority (vertical influence), or because they learn that the observed human agents follow the norm very closely (horizontal influence).

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HUET, SYLVIE, and JEAN-DENIS MATHIAS. "FEW SELF-INVOLVED AGENTS AMONG BOUNDED CONFIDENCE AGENTS CAN CHANGE NORMS." Advances in Complex Systems 21, no. 06n07 (September 2018): 1850007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525918500078.

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Social issues are generally discussed by highly-involved and less-involved people to build social norms defining what has to be thought and done about them. As self-involved agents share different attitude dynamics to other agents [Wood, W., Pool, G., Leck, K. and Purvis, D., Self-definition, defensive processing, and influence: The normative impact of majority and minority groups, J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. (1996) 1181–1193], we study the emergence and evolution of norms through an individual-based model involving these two types of agents. The dynamics of self-involved agents is drawn from [Huet, S. and Deffuant, G., Openness leads to opinion stability and narrowness to volatility, Adv. Complex Syst. 13 (2010) 405–423], and the dynamics of others, from [Deffuant, G., Neau, D., Amblard, F. and Weisbuch, G., Mixing beliefs among interacting agents, Adv. Complex Syst. 3 (2001) 87–98]. The attitude of an agent is represented as a segment on a continuous attitudinal space. Two agents are close if their attitude segments share sufficient overlap. Our agents discuss two different issues, one of which, called main issue, is more important for the self-involved agents than the other, called secondary issue. Self-involved agents are attracted to both issues if they are close to the main issue, but shift away from their peer’s opinion if they are only close on the secondary issue. Differently, non-self-involved agents are attracted by other agents when they are close on both the main and secondary issues. We observe the emergence of various types of extreme minor clusters. In one or different groups of attitudes, they can lead to an already-built moderate norm or a norm polarized on secondary and/or main issues. They can also push disagreeing agents gathered in different groups to a global moderate consensus.

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Jeon, Jonghwan, and Inchon Park. "Exploratory Study on Recognition of Soccer Agent and Expected Roles: Focused on College Soccer Players." IJASS(International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences) 34, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2022.34.2.139.

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This qualitative study examined Korean college soccer players’ perceptions of and need for agents and the roles and competencies expected of them based on in-depth interviews with college soccer players. By exploring the significance of soccer agents as perceived by college soccer players, this study aimed to provide basic data necessary for training soccer agents for college soccer players and establishing regulations for college soccer agents. The research results can be summarized as follows: (1) The players interviewed generally showed a positive attitude toward soccer agents and were aware of the need for an agent; (2) the roles expected of an agent by college soccer players were different from those expected by professional soccer players: preparing opportunities to join Korean and foreign professional clubs, supporting and managing players, and facilitating smooth communication; and (3) the core competencies expected of a soccer agent by college soccer players were official agent certification, networks with professional soccer clubs, and understanding of the soccer industry. The results of this study highlight the need for stakeholder organizations in soccer to establish a systematic agent platform for college soccer players and take efforts to eliminate unregistered agents who engage in inappropriate activities. Qualified agent education and training for college soccer players will help protect them from unregistered agents and foster high-quality agency services.

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Chen, Zhihua, Shoukun Wang, Junzheng Wang, and Kang Xu. "Attitude stability Control for Multi-Agent Six Wheel-Legged Robot." IFAC-PapersOnLine 53, no. 2 (2020): 9636–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2020.12.2610.

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Chattoe-Brown, Edmund. "Using Agent Based Modelling to Integrate Data on Attitude Change." Sociological Research Online 19, no. 1 (February 2014): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.3315.

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This article has two goals. Firstly, it shows how a relatively novel technique (Agent Based Modelling, hereafter ABM) can integrate different data types that are often used only in separate strands of research (interviews, experiments and surveys). It does this by comparing a well-known ABM of attitude dynamics with an alternative model using data from surveys and experiments. Secondly, the article explains ABM methodology and why it is important to the distinctiveness of ABM as a research method. In particular, the ramifications of differing approaches to ABM calibration and validation are discussed using the two different ABM as examples. The article concludes by showing how ABM might provide a progressive research strategy for integrating different data types and thus different disciplines in attitude research.

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Zhao, Linlin, Yong Zha, and Liang Liang. "Uncertainty, Risk, and the Efficiencies of the Principal and the Agent: A Chance Constrained Data Envelopment Analysis Approach." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (October 22, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8373614.

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In a principal-agent relationship, although the principal (e.g., the investor) can control the inputs and decide the motivated payments to the agent (e.g., the top management team), she cannot have the ability to decide how many outputs she can be rewarded. Since the motivated payments the agent gains from the principal are closely related to the uncertain outputs, they also have the characteristic of uncertainty. Furthermore, the attitudes and behaviors of both parties, such as risk attitude of the principal/agent on the uncertainty of outputs/motivated payments, can have significant influence on the efficiencies of two parties and consequently affect the enthusiasm and effort of the agent. To address this issue, chance constrained data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach is proposed. Based on this stochastic approach, the measures of the principal’s efficiency, the agent’s efficiency, and the agent’s effort level are provided. A case study of 16 China listed real estate companies validates our models and shows that the uncertainties of outputs and payments have significant influences on the efficiencies of the principal and the agent and the effort of the agent as well.

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Charsetad, Parvaneh. "Role of religious beliefs in blood donation behavior among the youngster in Iran." Journal of Islamic Marketing 7, no. 3 (September 12, 2016): 250–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jima-05-2014-0037.

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Purpose The main purpose of this research is investigating the role of religion in sculpting blood donation behavior in younger adults by using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Design/methodology/approach A structured questionnaire was developed to collect data, and in total, 242 questionnaires of undergraduate students from four large universities in Iran were analyzed. The suggested research model was tested by structural equation modeling. Findings The findings indicate that religious beliefs have a positive influence on the attitude toward blood donation. Therefore, it seems that the influence of religion on prosocial activities such as blood donation is considerable. Moreover, attitudes, perceived behavioral control and subjective norms have a positive influence on the intention to blood donation. The research findings are consistent with the TPB model. Originality/value Previous research on blood donation has not considered religious beliefs in the TPB. The contribution of this study is examining the relationships between attitude and behavior with respect to religious beliefs as a silent shaping agent of attitude.

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Gul, Faruk, Paulo Natenzon, and Wolfgang Pesendorfer. "Random Evolving Lotteries and Intrinsic Preference for Information." Econometrica 89, no. 5 (2021): 2225–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta16190.

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We introduce random evolving lotteries to study preference for non‐instrumental information. Each period, the agent enjoys a flow payoff from holding a lottery that will resolve at the terminal date. We provide a representation theorem for non‐separable risk consumption preferences and use it to characterize agents' attitude to non‐instrumental information. To address applications, we characterize peak‐trough utilities that aggregate trajectories of flow utilities linearly but, in addition, put weight on the best (peak) and worst (trough) lotteries along each path. We show that the model is consistent with recent experimental evidence on attitudes to information, including a preference for gradual arrival of good news and the ostrich effect, that is, decision makers' tendency to prefer information after good news to information after bad news.

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Botting, David. "The Collectivity of Blaming." KRITERION – Journal of Philosophy 30, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/krt-2016-300302.

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Abstract In this paper I want to argue that acts of blame are performed by collectives, and not by any collective but only by collectives that satisfy certain conditions { broadly those that, by collectivizing reason, can be held to be autonomous subjects to which it makes sense to attribute attitudes, including participant reactive attitudes such as resentment. The actors involved must also be related to the collective in particular ways in order to hold and be held responsible, but they need not have the same attitudes as the collective. This implies both that our attributions of moral responsibility to an agent does not depend only on facts about the agent but also on facts about us, and that the reasons for which we hold responsible and by which we justify our moral practices, and which the agent can likewise appeal to in an attempt to avoid being held responsible, depend on the collective involved and its substantive ethical precepts. The answer to whether an agent is responsible, or is an appropriate object of a reactive attitude, is not to be settled purely by philosophical analysis, and even the kind of naturalistic description of the pattern of our reactive attitudes that [22] suggests in \Freedom and Resentment" will only go part of the way { the excuses and exemptions are things we might say in a dialogue where reasons are exchanged, but each collective has some leeway over what substantive reasons count as grounds of an excuse or exemption.

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Thunberg, Johan, Wenjun Song, Eduardo Montijano, Yiguang Hong, and Xiaoming Hu. "Distributed attitude synchronization control of multi-agent systems with switching topologies." Automatica 50, no. 3 (March 2014): 832–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2014.02.002.

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Goyal, Madhu. "An Attitude Based Multi-agent Problem Solving in a Hostile World." International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems 2, no. 1 (2009): 30–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/ijssis-2017-337.

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Nurohman, Dede, Nadia Roosmalita Sari, Risdiana Himmati, and Riduan Mas'ud. "Marketing Strategy of Umrah Travel Agent and Religious Attitude in Indonesia." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 11, no. 02 (February 4, 2023): 4528–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v11i02.em02.

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Religious tourism has become a trend nowadays. In Indonesia, religious tourism is dominated by Hajj and Umrah departures. Every year, the increasing demand for Hajj and Umrah services makes Hajj and Umrah travel agents emerge, both legal and illegal, and compete. Several strategies are implemented to capture this huge market opportunity. This has implications for the blurring of the spiritual dimension of worship itself. This paper reveals how the religious travel industry influences society and its impact on people's religious attitude. This study explores data through in-depth interviews with travel agency managers, KBIHU (Hajj & Umrah Guidance Group), and pilgrims and conducting document studies from these institutions in direct written form or through electronic media. This study finds that the travel agents’ ways of business in attracting the pilgrims are through internal strategies such as package and price variations, and also by external methods to establish partnerships with KBIHU, individual agents, and public figures. Practical implications and Originality/value-These ways of business impact the religious attitude of Muslims, which are consumptive and profane. This research results can be used as material for evaluating the implementation of Hajj and Umrah trips, both by the government, travel agencies, and prospective pilgrims. This is a pioneer empirical study that focuses on religious tourism and religious attitude of Indonesian muslims.

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Vogelmann, Rafael Graebin. "WHY DO WE NEED THE NOTION OF WILL?" Kriterion: Revista de Filosofia 61, no. 146 (August 2020): 523–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-512x2020n14612rgv.

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ABSTRACT It is commonly held that the goals at which an action aims are specified by the pro-attitude/belief pairs in light of which the action seems appealing to the agent. I argue that the existence of multiple-incentives cases (i.e., cases in which the agent has more than one incentive to act but in which her motive corresponds to only one of these incentives) shows this thesis to be false. In order to account for such cases we have to ascribe to agents the capacity to actively determine the goals at which their actions aim. I refer to this capacity as the agent’s “will”. Agents endowed with a will are capable not only of determining their own behavior but also their motives. I conclude that the existence of multiple-incentives cases shows that agents have this capacity.

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39

LEDERMAN, HARVEY. "PEOPLE WITH COMMON PRIORS CAN AGREE TO DISAGREE." Review of Symbolic Logic 8, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 11–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755020314000380.

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AbstractRobert Aumann presents his Agreement Theorem as the key conditional: “if two people have the same priors and their posteriors for an event A are common knowledge, then these posteriors are equal” (Aumann, 1976, p. 1236). This paper focuses on four assumptions which are used in Aumann’s proof but are not explicit in the key conditional: (1) that agents commonly know, of some prior μ, that it is the common prior; (2) that agents commonly know that each of them updates on the prior by conditionalization; (3) that agents commonly know that if an agent knows a proposition, she knows that she knows that proposition (the “KK” principle); (4) that agents commonly know that they each update only on true propositions. It is shown that natural weakenings of any one of these strong assumptions can lead to countermodels to Aumann’s key conditional. Examples are given in which agents who have a common prior and commonly know what probability they each assign to a proposition nevertheless assign that proposition unequal probabilities. To alter Aumann’s famous slogan: people can “agree to disagree”, even if they share a common prior. The epistemological significance of these examples is presented in terms of their role in a defense of the Uniqueness Thesis: If an agent whose total evidence is E is fully rational in taking doxastic attitude D to P, then necessarily, any subject with total evidence E who takes a different attitude to P is less than fully rational.

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Xiang, Shuchen. "Sinophobia, American Imperialism, Disorder Without Responsibility." Sartre Studies International 28, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 42–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ssi.2022.280204.

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This paper argues that Sinophobia and its relationship to American imperialism can be understood through Jean-Paul Sartre’s analysis of anti-Semitism, which is characterized by an evasive attitude. Under this attitude, the bivalent values of good and evil are pre-existing ontological properties such that the agent promotes the good insofar as she destroys evil. This evasive attitude can also be seen in the economy of the American empire. Revenue for the which exists through undermining the economies of non-pliant states, selling weapons and a disaster-capitalist industry that profits from the chaos that is created. The idea that the states to be imperialized are bivalent others both motivates and justifies this behavior whereby the agent evades self-critique and the need to cultivate her own value.

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Alsetoohy, Omar, Baker Ayoun, Saleh Arous, Farida Megahed, and Gihan Nabil. "Intelligent agent technology: what affects its adoption in hotel food supply chain management?" Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology 10, no. 3 (September 17, 2019): 286–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhtt-01-2018-0005.

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Purpose The study adopted a conceptualized technological, organizational and environmental (TOE) model to empirically investigate the factors affecting hotel managers’ attitudes toward intelligent agent technology (IAT) adoption in the hotel food supply chain management (HFSCM) and their intentions for future adoption. Design/methodology/approach In-person survey was carried out in luxury hotels in Florida. Findings The findings indicated that merely 5.7 per cent of hotels are fully implementing IAT. Perceived benefits, reliability, quality of human resources, information intensity and market capabilities had a statistically significant positive impact on hotel managers’ attitudes. However, complexity and cost had a negative influence on hotel managers’ attitudes toward IAT adoption in the HFSCM. Managers’ attitude further positively influences their intention to adopt. Practical implications The validated model helps guide hotel decision makers who are considering IAT adoption in the HFSCM. Hotels that are seeking sources for competitive advantages would better consider the TOE factors in IAT adoption prior to making a decision. Originality/value This is the first study that examined IAT adoption in the hotel industry from a theoretical and empirical perspective. The validated model proposed for the adoption of IAT in HFSCM enriched the TOE model and the diffusion of innovations theory.

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Prayogi, Feri, and Nuri Aslami. "Fungsi Seorang Agen Asuransi Syariah untuk Menumbuhkan Pengetahuan Masyarakat tentang Asuransi Syariah." Mimbar Kampus: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Agama Islam 21, no. 2 (January 19, 2022): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/mk.v21i2.883.

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In this analysis, it tries to answer how the attitude of a customer acts on the existence of sharia insurance. Furthermore, how hard work, a sharia insurance agent to increase the awareness of the population. This research model is library analysis. The results of this analysis show that agents have the function of reaching out to information, maintaining the authority of sharia insurance, distributing solutions and interviewing customers who participate in sharia insurance. Keywords: customer actions, function of sharia insurance agents, channeling solutions

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Baylor, Amy L. "Promoting motivation with virtual agents and avatars: role of visual presence and appearance." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1535 (December 12, 2009): 3559–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0148.

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Anthropomorphic virtual agents can serve as powerful technological mediators to impact motivational outcomes such as self-efficacy and attitude change. Such anthropomorphic agents can be designed as simulated social models in the Bandurian sense, providing social influence as virtual ‘role models’. Of particular value is the capacity for designing such agents as optimized social models for a target audience and context. Importantly, the visual presence and appearance of such agents can have a major impact on motivation and affect regardless of the underlying technical sophistication. Empirical results of different instantiations of agent presence and appearance are reviewed for both autonomous virtual agents and avatars that represent a user.

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Shalaby, Mohammed, Charles Champagne Cossette, James Richard Forbes, and Jerome Le Ny. "Relative Position Estimation in Multi-Agent Systems Using Attitude-Coupled Range Measurements." IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 6, no. 3 (July 2021): 4955–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lra.2021.3067253.

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45

Goyal, Madhu. "An attitude based cooperative negotiation model in a hostile multi-agent world." Multiagent and Grid Systems 1, no. 2 (October 7, 2005): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/mgs-2005-1204.

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46

Novielli, Nicole, Fiorella de Rosis, and Irene Mazzotta. "User attitude towards an embodied conversational agent: Effects of the interaction mode." Journal of Pragmatics 42, no. 9 (September 2010): 2385–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2009.12.016.

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47

Foreman, Elizabeth. "An Agent-Centered Account of Rightness: The Importance of a Good Attitude." Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 17, no. 5 (February 26, 2014): 941–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10677-014-9491-2.

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48

Meagher, David J. "Impact of an educational workshop upon attitudes towards pharmacotherapy for delirium." International Psychogeriatrics 22, no. 6 (April 7, 2010): 938–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610210000475.

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ABSTRACTBackground: There is uncertainty regarding the optimal use of pharmacological strategies in delirium particularly regarding preferred agents, duration of treatment and effectiveness in different populations.Methods: Attitudes towards delirium pharmacotherapy were investigated before and after an educational workshop using the format of a televison game show.Results: Most respondents (65/66) reported psychotropic use with variable frequency (median 60%). Antipsychotic use was inversely related to perception of supporting evidence (p = 0.02). Respondents rated sedative (38%) and antipsychotic (33%) effects as the principal mechanism of action rather than a specific neurochemical anti-delirium effect (21%). Haloperidol was the preferred first-line agent (65%). Suggested continuation treatment after symptom resolution was three days. Eleven respondents had used psychotropics prophylactically. Antipsychotic use was influenced by concerns regarding potential for extrapyramidal (52%), sedative (32%), cerebrovascular (30%) and metabolic (8%) effects. Post-workshop concerns regarding extrapyramidal effects were reduced with a more positive general attitude towards pharmacological interventions, especially in hypoactive presentations (61%) and prophylactically in high-risk patients (56%).Conclusions: Attitudes towards key aspects of delirium pharmacotherapy vary considerably and relate to concerns regarding side effect potential more than perceived mechanism of action. Educational interventions can impact positively upon attitudes.

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Haq, Md Ridhwanul, and Syed H. Rahman. "Role of reality TV as a consumer-socialization agent of teenagers in a developing country." International Journal of Emerging Markets 10, no. 3 (July 20, 2015): 598–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-06-2013-0101.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify how reality television (RTV) influences the socialization of teenage consumers in a developing country. While the influence of television on consumer behaviour has been researched extensively in developed countries, the effect of RTV on consumer socialization has not, particularly in the context of developing countries. Design/methodology/approach – A combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods was used to develop the theoretical model, constructs and measurement variables. The data were then analysed, and the hypotheses tested and confirmed using structural equation modelling. Findings – RTV has a positive influence on the socialization of teenage consumers in a developing country. Teenagers’ consumption-related cognition, attitude and values are strongly affected by RTV. Furthermore, their consumption-related attitude is affected by consumption-related cognition and values. Social structural variables (parental control, peer-group influences, gender differences and social class differences) have an effect on teenagers’ RTV involvement and consumer-socialization process. Originality/value – Current consumer-socialization literature identifies the role of TV in consumer socialization. However, there is very little extant literature about the role of RTV in consumer socialization, particularly from a developing-country perspective. Furthermore, in the present literature, consumption-related cognition, attitudes and values are considered outcomes of consumer socialization; however, this has not been empirically tested regarding teenagers’ involvement in RTV and its consumer-socialization outcomes. This research considers the involvement of teenagers with RTV, and the influences of various social structural variables from a developing-country perspective.

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Carvalho, Arthur. "Tailored proper scoring rules elicit decision weights." Judgment and Decision Making 10, no. 1 (January 2015): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s193029750000320x.

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AbstractProper scoring rules are scoring methods that incentivize honest reporting of subjective probabilities, where an agent strictly maximizes his expected score by reporting his true belief. The implicit assumption behind proper scoring rules is that agents are risk neutral. Such an assumption is often unrealistic when agents are human beings. Modern theories of choice under uncertainty based on rank-dependent utilities assert that human beings weight nonlinear utilities using decision weights, which are differences between weighting functions applied to cumulative probabilities.In this paper, I investigate the reporting behavior of an agent with a rank-dependent utility when he is rewarded using a proper scoring rule tailored to his utility function. I show that such an agent misreports his true belief by reporting a vector of decision weights. My findings thus highlight the risk of utilizing proper scoring rules without prior knowledge about all the components that drive an agent’s attitude towards uncertainty. On the positive side, I discuss how tailored proper scoring rules can effectively elicit weighting functions. Moreover, I show how to obtain an agent’s true belief from his misreported belief once the weighting functions are known.

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