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Статті в журналах з теми "Advanced Oxydation Processes (AOP)":
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Hoislbauer, C., W. Gangl, J. Zelenka, M. Siebenhofer, and R. Marr. "Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP/EAOP)." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 79, no. 9 (September 2007): 1487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.200750374.
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Elmobarak, Wamda Faisal, Bassim H. Hameed, Fares Almomani, and Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah. "A Review on the Treatment of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Using Advanced Oxidation Processes." Catalysts 11, no. 7 (June 27, 2021): 782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11070782.
Анотація:
The petroleum industry is one of the most rapidly developing industries and is projected to grow faster in the coming years. The recent environmental activities and global requirements for cleaner methods are pushing the petroleum refining industries for the use of green techniques and industrial wastewater treatment. Petroleum industry wastewater contains a broad diversity of contaminants such as petroleum hydrocarbons, oil and grease, phenol, ammonia, sulfides, and other organic composites, etc. All of these compounds within discharged water from the petroleum industry exist in an extremely complicated form, which is unsafe for the environment. Conventional treatment systems treating refinery wastewater have shown major drawbacks including low efficiency, high capital and operating cost, and sensitivity to low biodegradability and toxicity. The advanced oxidation process (AOP) method is one of the methods applied for petroleum refinery wastewater treatment. The objective of this work is to review the current application of AOP technologies in the treatment of petroleum industry wastewater. The petroleum wastewater treatment using AOP methods includes Fenton and photo-Fenton, H2O2/UV, photocatalysis, ozonation, and biological processes. This review reports that the treatment efficiencies strongly depend on the chosen AOP type, the physical and chemical properties of target contaminants, and the operating conditions. It is reported that other mechanisms, as well as hydroxyl radical oxidation, might occur throughout the AOP treatment and donate to the decrease in target contaminants. Mainly, the recent advances in the AOP treatment of petroleum wastewater are discussed. Moreover, the review identifies scientific literature on knowledge gaps, and future research ways are provided to assess the effects of these technologies in the treatment of petroleum wastewater.
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Azizah, Alif Nurul, and I. Nyoman Widiasa. "Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) for Refinery Wastewater Treatment Contains High Phenol Concentration." MATEC Web of Conferences 156 (2018): 03012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815603012.
Анотація:
Petroleum Refinery wastewater is characterized by a high phenol content. Phenol is toxic and resistant to biological processes for treatment of the petroleum refinery wastewater. The combination of an AOP and a biological process can be used for treatment of the refinery wastewater. It is necessary to conduct a study to determine the appropriate condition of AOP to meet the phenol removal level. Two AOP configurations were investigated: H2O2 / UV and H2O2 / UV / O3. From each process samples, COD, phenol and pH were measured. The oxidation was carried out until the targeted phenol concentration of treated effluent were obtained. The better result obtained by using process H2O2 / UV / O3 with the H2O2 concentration 1000 ppm. After 120 minutes, the final target has been achieved in which phenol concentration of 37.5 mg/L or phenol degradation of 93.75%.
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Andreozzi, R. "Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for water purification and recovery." Catalysis Today 53, no. 1 (October 15, 1999): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5861(99)00102-9.
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Rapf, M., and E. Thomanetz. "Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) zur Vorbehandlung organisch hochbelasteter Prozessabwässer." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 90, no. 9 (August 24, 2018): 1190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.201855129.
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Ducoste, Joel J., and Scott M. Alpert. "Computational fluid dynamics modeling alternatives for UV-initiated advanced oxidation processes." Water Quality Research Journal 50, no. 1 (November 14, 2014): 4–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2014.035.
Анотація:
Design and optimization of ultraviolet-initiated (UV-initiated) advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) must consider both system configuration and chemical kinetics. Alternative approaches to modeling AOP systems have been proposed in the literature; yet, due to the complex nature of the reactions involved, the literature lacks clarity in the appropriate selection of a modeling approach to help define the UV/AOP system performance. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was compared to the numerical solution of a system of ordinary differential equations describing the reaction mechanism for hydroxyl radical production and methylene blue destruction and to a UV dose distribution analysis produced by a Lagrangian particle track in CFD with a given dose–response curve. Similar analyses were also performed to simulate the destruction of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and tributyl phosphate (TBP), in two different photoreactors. To validate the simulations, the results of the models were compared to pilot reactor trials for methylene blue bleaching and literature data for TCEP and TBP. Modeling results suggest that the agreement of both CFD Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches to simulating the UV/H2O2 AOP is a function of reactor design, the water matrix, and operating conditions.
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Kovács, Krisztina, Tünde Tóth та László Wojnárovits. "Evaluation of advanced oxidation processes for β-blockers degradation: a review". Water Science and Technology 85, № 2 (24 грудня 2021): 685–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.631.
Анотація:
Abstract This study summarizes the results of scientific investigations on the removal of the three most often used β-blockers (atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol) by various advanced oxidation processes (AOP). The free radical chemistry, rate constants, degradation mechanism and elimination effectiveness of these compounds are discussed together with the technical details of experiments. In most AOP the degradation is predominantly initiated by hydroxyl radicals. In sulfate radical anion-based oxidation processes (SROP) both hydroxyl radicals and sulfate radical anions greatly contribute to the degradation. The rate constants of reactions with these two radicals are in the 109–1010 M−1 s−1 range. The degradation products reflect ipso attack, hydroxylation on the aromatic ring and/or the amino moiety and cleavage of the side chain. Among AOP, photocatalysis and SROP are the most effective for degradation of the three β-blockers. The operating parameters have to be optimized to the most suitable effectiveness.
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Shukla, Tulsi L., and Steven J. Duranceau. "Comparing Hydrogen Peroxide and Sodium Perborate Ultraviolet Advanced Oxidation Processes for 1,4-Dioxane Removal from Tertiary Wastewater Effluent." Water 15, no. 7 (April 1, 2023): 1364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15071364.
Анотація:
Ultraviolet advanced oxidation processes (UV-AOPs) were compared using sodium perborate (UV/NaBO3 AOP) or hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2 AOP) for 1,4-dioxane removal from tertiary wastewater effluent. Both UV-AOPs were also tested with the addition of acetic acid. Results revealed that sodium perborate performed similarly to hydrogen peroxide. The UV/NaBO3 AOP with 6 milligrams per liter (mg/L) as H2O2 resulted in 43.9 percent 1,4-dioxane removal, while an equivalent UV/H2O2 AOP showed 42.8 percent removal. Despite their similar performance, NaBO3 is approximately 3.3 times more expensive than H2O2. However, the solid form of NaBO3 can provide a major benefit to remote and mobile operations. Unlike H2O2 solution, which degrades over time and requires repeated costly shipments, NaBO3 is a convenient source of H2O2, and a long-term supply can be shipped at once and mixed into solution as needed. The addition of acetic acid to a UV/H2O2 AOP was found to enhance 1,4-dioxane removal, increasing treatment effectiveness by 5.7%.
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Alsharyani, Ahmed K., and L. Muruganandam. "Fabrication of zinc oxide nanorods for photocatalytic degradation of docosane, a petroleum pollutant, under solar light simulator." RSC Advances 14, no. 13 (2024): 9038–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4ra00672k.
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Tak, Surbhi, and Bhanu Prakash Vellanki. "Natural organic matter as precursor to disinfection byproducts and its removal using conventional and advanced processes: state of the art review." Journal of Water and Health 16, no. 5 (July 20, 2018): 681–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2018.032.
Анотація:
Abstract Natural organic matter (NOM) is ubiquitous in the aquatic environment and if present can cause varied drinking water quality issues, the major one being disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation. Trihalomethanes (THMs) are major classes of DBP that are formed during chlorination of NOM. The best way to remove DBPs is to target the precursors (NOM) directly. The main aim of this review is to study conventional as well as advanced ways of treating NOM, with a broad focus on NOM removal using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and biofiltration. The first part of the paper focuses on THM formation and removal using conventional processes and the second part focuses on the studies carried out during the years 2000–2018, specifically on NOM removal using AOPs and AOP-biofiltration. Considering the proven carcinogenic nature of THMs and their diverse health effects, it becomes important for any drinking water treatment industry to ameliorate the current water treatment practices and focus on techniques like AOP or synergy of AOP-biofiltration which showed up to 50–60% NOM reduction. The use of AOP alone provides a cost barrier which can be compensated by the use of biofiltration along with AOP with low energy inputs, making it a techno-economically feasible option for NOM removal.
Дисертації з теми "Advanced Oxydation Processes (AOP)":
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Abouzlam, Manhal. "Optimisation d'un procédé de traitement des eaux par ozonation catalytique." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2251/document.
Анотація:
Le principal objectif de la thèse est l'optimisation d'un procédé d'oxydation avancée par la mise en œuvre des outils de l'automatique moderne.Le procédé considéré concerne l'ozonation catalytique utilisé pour traiter les eaux résiduaires industrielles. L'optimisation de ce procédé consiste à contrôler l'abattement des polluants tout en minimisant le coût de fonctionnement du procédé. La mesure en ligne de la concentration en polluant est fournie par l'absorbance, grandeur corrélée à la DCO. Le procédé est alors considéré comme un système à une entrée, la puissance du générateur d'ozone, et deux sorties, l'ozone dans les évents et l'absorbance.L'identification du procédé a mené à l'estimation d'un modèle linéaire pour construire les lois de commande et d'un modèle non-linéaire, de type modèle de Wiener, pour tester les correcteurs en simulation avant les essais expérimentaux.Les trois commandes testées, la commande par modèle interne, la commande optimale et la commande H∞, permettent de rejeter des perturbations sur la concentration en polluant dans les effluents à traiter. Des analyses de stabilité du système bouclé, vis-à-vis de retards sur la commande, ont été menées.Les résultats expérimentaux obtenus ont permis de conclure sur les gains significatifs apportés par ces développements.La méthodologie développée pour cette application peut être étendue à d'autres procédés afin de faciliter le développement industriel des procédés d'oxydation avancéeThe main goal of the PhD thesis focuses on the optimization of an advanced oxidation process by implementing the modern control tools.The considered process is a lab-scale pilot of industrial wastewater treatment by catalytic ozonation. The optimization of this process is achieved by controlling the pollutant abatement while minimizing the high operating costs. The online measurement of the pollutant concentration is provided by the absorbance which is correlated with COD. Therefore, the process is considered as a system with one input, the ozone generator power, and two outputs, the ozone gas concentration at the top of the reactor and the absorbance.A linear model of the process was identified. It allowed calculating the control laws. And a nonlinear model, with a so-called Wiener model structure, was also identified to test the controllers in simulation before the experiments.The three control methods applied, the internal model control, the optimal control and the H∞ control, allow rejecting disturbance on the pollutant concentration of the effluent to be treated.The stability of closed-loop system with delayed control input was analyzed.The experimental results show the significant benefits provided by this closed-loop system.The methodology developed for this application can be extended to other processes to facilitate the industrial development of advanced oxidation processes
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Stříteský, Luboš. "Využití oxidačních procesů (AOP) pro odstraňování mikropolutantů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226161.
Анотація:
This thesis deals with advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and it’s use for removal of micropollutants from wastewater. The first chapter explains the need AOPs, water quality, pollution and substances that are present in the water. Further, the first chapter outlines approach of the current legislation to micropollutants. The second chapter explains the theory and principle of operation of AOPs. This chapter is divided into two sections. The first section describes AOPs, which were tested at selected WWTP. In the second section, there are described some other AOPs. The third chapter is a literature retrieval of AOPs dealing with the removal of micropollutants. This chapter is focused on the removal of hormones by AOPs using ozone-based AOPs. The fourth chapter describes the actual testing of selected AOPs. The chapter describes selected WWTP, pilot-scale AOP unit and test results. In the last chapter there is designed and described full-scale AOP tertiary unit for removing of micropollutants. The last chapter also contains economic analysis of the proposed tertiary unit.
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RAMAKRISHNAN, BALAJI. "TREATMENT OF MTBE CONTAMINATED WATERS USING AIR STRIPPING AND ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1131024170.
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Korichi, Noussaiba. "Epuration d'effluents pharmaceutiques par plasmas non thermiques couplés à des procédés catalytiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ORLE1057.
Анотація:
Le travail de cette thèse vise à étudier un procédé hybride pour le traitement de molécules organiques dans l’eau. Il s’agit du procédé Plasma Non Thermique (NTP) couplé à la catalyse hétérogène de type (Fenton-like). Le paracétamol est utilisé comme la molécule modèle pour cette étude. Deux configurations différentes de réacteur plasma de type Décharge à Barrière Diélectrique (DBD) ont été utilisées : (i) un réacteur multipointes-plan en mode statique ; (ii) un réacteur coaxial tubulaire avec écoulement de la solution à traiter. Afin d’évaluer la synergie entre les deux procédés (plasma et catalyse), les traitements ont été appliqués séparément puis couplés. Les effets synergiques du procédé couplé plasma-catalyse ont été démontré en termes de taux de dégradation, de rendement énergétique et également en termes de la minéralisation de polluant, correspondant à une diminution de la charge organique de la solution avec la conversion du carbone organique en carbone inorganique. La première partie du travail réalisée avec le réacteur multipointes-plan a permis d’établir le rôle efficace du couplage plasma-catalyse en comparaison avec le procédé de plasma seul. En effet, en couplage, une minéralisation de 54 % a été atteinte après traitement de 60 minutes et que le rendement énergétique est augmenté d’un facteur de deux, réduisant ainsi le coût du traitement. Les travaux réalisés sur le réacteur coaxial ont permis d’étudier l’effet de nombreux paramètres sur le couplage plasma-catalyse comme la composition du gaz injecté, du débit de gaz et de liquide, la position du catalyseur par rapport à la décharge plasma, etc. Nous avons ainsi pu montrer l’intérêt de travailler dans un gaz riche en oxygène sur les cinétiques de dégradation et de minéralisation ainsi que le rôle de la puissance électrique appliquée sur les mécanismes d’oxydation. Par exemple, il a été possible d’obtenir une minéralisation de 70 % après 90 min de traitement sous air alors que sous O₂/N₂ (80/20 sccm), la minéralisation atteignait 95 %. La stabilité du catalyseur a également été étudiée en termes de minéralisation après plusieurs réutilisations du catalyseur. Nous avons également démontré le rôle du radical hydroxyle (·OH) sur le traitement avec l’utilisation de piégeurs de radicaux. Effectivement, en présence du méthanol, consommateur des radicaux hydroxyles, une diminution de la dégradation de près de de 50 % a été obtenue et aucune minéralisation n’a été observéeThe work of this PhD thesis aims at studying a hybrid process for the treatment of organic molecules in water. It consists of the Non Thermal Plasma (NTP) process coupled with heterogeneous catalysis (Fenton-like type). Paracetamol is used as the target molecule for this study. Two different configurations of Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma reactor were used: (i) a multi-needles-to-plane reactor in static mode; (ii) a coaxial tubular reactor with flow of the solution to be treated. In order to evaluate the synergy between the two processes (plasma and catalysis), the treatments were applied separately and then coupled. The synergistic effects of the coupled plasma-catalysis process were demonstrated in terms of degradation rate, energy yield, and also in terms of pollutant mineralization, corresponding to a decrease of the organic molecules load in the solution with the conversion of organic carbon into inorganic carbon. The first part of the work carried out with the multi-needles-to-plane reactor allowed to establish the effective role of the plasma-catalysis coupling in comparison with the plasma process alone. Indeed, in coupling, a mineralization of 54% was reached after the 60 minutes of treatment and the energy yield was increased by a factor of two, thus reducing the cost of treatment. The work carried out on the coaxial reactor allowed us to study the effect of many parameters on plasma-catalysis coupling efficiency such as the composition of the injected gas, the gas and liquid flow rate, the position of the catalyst in relation to the plasma discharge, etc. We were thus able to show the interest of working in an oxygen-rich gas on kinetics of degradation and mineralization as well as the role of applied electrical power on the oxidation mechanisms. As an example, it was possible to obtain a mineralization of 70 % after 90 minutes under air, whereas under O₂/N₂ (80/20 sccm), the mineralization reached 95 %. The stability of the catalyst was also studied in terms of mineralization after several reuses of the catalyst. We also demonstrated the role of the hydroxyl radical (·OH) on the treatment with the use of radical scavengers. Indeed, the presence of methanol, known as a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals, a decrease of the degradation of nearly 50% was obtained and no mineralization was observed
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CIOTTI, CESARE. "Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) as innovative technology for the remediation of contaminated sites." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/626.
Анотація:
Il problema della contaminazione dei terreni e delle acque di falda da composti organici biorecalcitranti sta diventando sempre più preoccupante agli occhi della comunità scientifica e dell’opinione pubblica. L’aumento del numero di siti contaminati da tali sostanze sta spingendo alla graduale sostituzione delle tradizionali operazioni di smaltimento in discarica con tecnologie che consentano la bonifica attraverso la riduzione del carico inquinante fino al raggiungimento di concentrazioni residue non pericolose per la salute umana. Tra i possibili processi alternativi, i processi avanzati di ossidazione chimica (AOP) possono costituire una potenziale soluzione a molti casi di contaminazione da composti organici. Se opportunamente progettati, tali sistemi possono condurre alla completa mineralizzazione degli inquinanti o, eventualmente, alla loro trasformazione in molecole più facilmente biodegradabili. Il loro principio operativo è basato sull’ idea di generare un pool di specie ossidanti altamente reattive. I diversi AOP si differenziano solo nel modo in cui tale pool di sostanze viene generato. Una volta prodotte, tali specie sono in grado di reagire efficacemente con i principali inquinanti di interesse ambientale. Inoltre, alcuni AOP sono in grado di trattare efficacemente anche composti adsorbiti sulla superficie del suolo, in quanto le specie radicaliche ne favoriscono il desorbimento rendendole disponibili all’ossidazione in fase acquosa. Le caratteristiche degli AOP li rendono perfettamente idonei come tecnologia di bonifica in-situ. In questa configurazione, si prevede l’iniezione nel sottosuolo della soluzione ossidante senza la necessità di rimuovere il terreno e di estrarre le acque di falda.
Il presente studio è stato sviluppato con l’intento di perseguire un duplice obiettivo: da un lato approfondire le conoscenze di base sui meccanismi di azione degli AOP, al fine di sviluppare criteri di progettazione innovativi; dall’altro valutare l’applicabilità di diversi processi AOP a situazioni rappresentative dei siti contaminati tipicamente riscontrati in Italia. Il primo obiettivo è stato perseguito mediante uno studio di base finalizzato ad identificare la relazione tra condizioni operative del processo e formazione di specie radicaliche e non, nei sistemi di ossidazione basati sul reattivo di Fenton, sul processo a persolfato attivato e sul processo di ossidazione basato sugli acidi perossi-organici (perossiacidi). Il secondo obiettivo è stato invece perseguito sviluppando un approccio progettuale incentrato sulla redazione di studi di fattibilità. Tale approccio ha consentito di arrivare, nel caso del processo Fenton, fino alla realizzazione di un intervento di ossidazione chimica in-situ (ISCO) in scala pilota per la bonifica di un sito contaminato da MtBE, mentre nel caso del sistema a persolfato attivato e dei perossiacidi si è limitato alla fase di studio di fattibilità in scala di laboratorio. La progettazione delle diverse fasi sperimentali é stata, ove possibile, effettuata utilizzando il metodo Rotatable Central Composite (RCC), mentre i risultati ottenuti sono stati interpolati mediante opportuni strumenti statistici, come il Metodo delle Superfici di Risposta (RSM) al fine di individuare le relazioni quantitative tra le prestazioni dei processi investigati e le condizioni operative impiegate.
La presente tesi è stata scritta dedicando ad ogni tecnologia presa in esame una prima parte bibliografica, nella quale la tecnologia viene introdotta e ne vengono messe in evidenza le caratteristiche, seguita da una seconda parte in Appendice, dove i risultati sperimentali ottenuti vengono mostrati e discussi attraverso una selezione delle pubblicazioni prodotte durante il triennio di svolgimento del dottorato di ricerca, compreso tra il 2004 ed il 2007, e sottomesse a riviste specializzate del settore o presentate nell’ambito di convegni internazionali.The contamination of soil and groundwater by means of bio-recalcitrant organic compounds, is becoming a matter of concern for scientific community and public opinion. The increase of the number of contaminated sites, is forcing to gradually switch from traditional dump disposal, towards innovative technologies which are capable of reaching the remediation goals, thus reducing the pollutant load to concentrations which are considered harmless for human health. Among the innovative ones, Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) could represent a potential solution to be applied for remediating contamination by bio-recalcitrant organic compounds. Their operative principle is based upon the idea of generating a pool of highly-oxidative species. The AOPs differ only by the way in which this pool is generated. Once formed, these species are capable to effectively react with most of common pollutants such as hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorobiphenyls until their complete oxidation to carbon dioxide and water, or at worst their transformation to more bio-degradable products. Moreover, some AOPs are able to effectively tackle sorbed compounds, since oxidative radicals can desorb these compounds from the soil surface, thus allowing their oxidation in aqueous phase. Besides, it is worth pointing out that the AOPs characteristics make them suitable to be applied as in-situ remediation technologies. In this configuration, the oxidant is injected directly into the subsurface without the need of soil excavation or groundwater extraction. The present study has been developed with the intention of achieving a two-fold objective: on the one hand, to better understand the fundamental mechanisms of AOPs, in order to develop innovative criteria for their design; on the other hand, to assess the feasibility of different AOPs to those situations which are somehow representative of the Italian contaminated sites. The first objective was pursued by developing a fundamental study aimed to identify the relationship between the process operating conditions and the formation of radical and non-radical species for Fenton’s process, activated persulfate and peroxy-acid oxidation processes. The second objective was instead pursued by developing, based on the experimental results of the fundamental study, a design approach based on the execution of feasibility studies. In case of Fenton’s process, a pilot-scale In-Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO) treatment for the remediation of an MtBE-contaminated site was developed, whereas in the case of activated persulfate and peroxy-acid oxidation technologies a lab-scale feasibility test was carried out. The design of the different experimental phases was performed, as much as possible, by applying the Rotatable Central Composite method (RCC), whereas the relationships between process performance and applied operating conditions was found by handling and interpolating the experimental results by proper statistical tools based on the Response Surface Method (RSM). In this Ph.D. thesis, each tested AOP is first discussed in a bibliographic part, where the process is introduced and its main features are explained, based on the available and updated literature. The main findings obtained in this part and the innovation introduced with respect to the state of the art is also described in this section of the Ph.D. thesis. The details of these results are shown in the second section of the thesis, which consists of four Appendices, where a selection of papers submitted either to international conferences and peer-reviewed journals during my Ph.D. research are included.
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Rani, Rupam. "REMOVAL OF EMERGING CONTAMINANTS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY OZONE -BASED PROCESSES." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/214782.
Анотація:
Civil EngineeringM.S.Env.E.
The presence of emerging contaminants (ECs) in water and wastewater systems has become a subject of significant concern worldwide. These emerging contaminants are complex organic molecules which potentially affect human health and environment. Conventional wastewater treatment plants are unable to completely remove these contaminants from water and therefore can discharge them into environment. The need to develop effective methods for ECs removal is essential. This study assess the potential of ozone based advanced oxidation processes (AOP) to oxidize number of emerging contaminants. Different combinations of ozone with hydrogen peroxide and sodium persulfate were tested. For this study 1-4, dioxane, perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), N,N-Diethyl-metatoluamide, and three pharmaceuticals sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim and carbamazepine have been selected. The effect of different process parameters such as chemical dosages, ozone weight percent, ozone flow rates, etc. on destruction of ECs were examined. It was observed that 1, 4-dioxane were persistent to direct ozone reaction, however were easily oxidized by hydroxyl radical. However, ozonation was solely very effective (> 99 %) in removing pharmaceuticals such as sulfamethoxaole, trimethoprim and carbamazepine. It was not very efficient for the removal of perfluorinated compound and N,N-Diethylmeta-toluamide. The operational conditions were optimized for maximum removal of every compound and their influence on the degradation process is discussed.
Temple University--Theses
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Brienza, Monica. "Solar Advanced Oxidation Processes for removing emerging contaminants in wasterwater." Thesis, Perpignan, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PERP0001.
Анотація:
Les usines de traitement des eaux usées ne sont pas prévues pour traiter les polluants émergeants, substances organiques, tels des résidus de médicament, des produits phytosanitaires ou des hormones. Par conséquent, elles sont la source principale d’émission de micropolluants récalcitrants dans l’environnement. La Directive DCE 2000/60/CE demande un "bon statu chimique et biologique” de tous les plans d'eau d'ici 2015. L’objectif principal de cette thèse de doctorat a été d’adopter une méthode respectueuse de l’environnement pour traiter ces polluants. La méthode choisie est basée sur le processus d’oxydation avancée (POA). Elle se base sur la génération par voie solaire, et in situ, d’espèces radicalisées hautement réactives (HO● et/ou SO4-), en se focalisant sur la photocatalyse hétérogène et homogène. Les performances de l'POA ont été évaluées en comparant les taux de dégradation et/ou reminéralisassions des micropolluants. Ce critère a été complété par l'identification des sous-produits, de ses transformations associés et de mesures de toxicité. A cet effet, des tests standards d'écotoxicité ainsi que d'activité oestrogénique ont été réalisés, par la méthode toxicologique ISO ou par le test spécifique inhérent au contrôle de l’activité oestrogénique des eaux usées. Les technologies basées sur les processus d’oxydation avancée par voie solaire peuvent être des méthodes prometteuses de traitement des eaux usées. Toutes les molécules testées sont systématiquement dégradées, même celles présentes à de basses concentrations. La compatibilité environnementale a systématiquement été améliorée. L’irrigation des cultures en réutilisant des eaux usées devient possibleWastewater effluents are the major source of micropollutants in the environment. These recalcitrant compounds that can be escape from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) are called emerging contaminants. It is necessary to improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment plants. In fact, Water Framework Directive required a “good chemical and biological status” of all water bodies until 2015. The major aim of the dissertation was to contribute to improve the evaluation of solar advanced oxidation processes, and more specifically heterogeneous and homogeneous photocatalysis, for removing emerging contaminants from wastewater effluents. In this objective, the efficiency of AOPS was not only evaluated with the degradation and/or mineralization rates of the micropollutants. This necessary criterion was completed with the identification of the by-products and the associated transformation pathways, but also with toxicity measurements. This last point was explored with standard ecotoxicity tests and also estrogenic activity that represent a specific test relevant to characterize an identified risk associated to the discharge of effluents into the environment.All the experimental results obtained during this dissertation tends to demonstrate that solar advanced oxidation processes has the potential to open new feasible remediation strategies for WWTPs effluent tertiary treatment before wastewater reuse in irrigation for instance. All the tested molecules have systematically been degraded, high number of micro-organic pollutants initially presented in a mixture were removed even at very low concentration, environmental compatibility is systematically improved
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Feng, Ling. "Advanced oxidation processes for the removal of residual non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals from aqueous systems." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1109/document.
Анотація:
La thèse a porté principalement sur la mise en œuvre de procédés d'oxydation avancée permettant l'élimination de trois anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens, le kétoprofène, le naproxène et le piroxicam dans l'eau. Ces trois composés sont parmi les médicaments les plus utilisés, dont la présence dans les eaux naturelles présente potentiellement un risque toxicologique. En raison de la faible efficacité d'élimination des produits pharmaceutiques par les stations traditionnels de traitement des eaux usées, les scientifiques se sont mis à la recherche de technologies de traitements efficaces et respectueuses de l'environnement. Les procédés d'oxydation avancée, comme l'ozonation-biofiltration, l'électro-Fenton et l'oxydation anodique peuvent permettre d'atteindre la destruction presque complète des polluants étudiés et de ce fait ils ont suscité un intérêt grandissant au cours des deux dernières décennies. Tout d'abord, ce travail s'intéresse à l'élimination de certains produits pharmaceutiques dans des solutions synthétiques préparées dans l'eau de robinet à l'aide des procédés électro-Fenton et oxydation anodique dans une cellule électrochimique équipée d'une anode de platine ou de diamant dopé au bore et d'une cathode de feutre de carbone. Cette étude a été menée à l'échelle du laboratoire. Les vitesses d'élimination des molécules pharmaceutiques ainsi que le degré de minéralisation des solutions étudiées ont été déterminées sous différentes conditions opératoires. Pendant ce temps, les sous-produits de l'oxidation générés au cours de la minéralisation ont également été identifiés, ce qui nous a permis de proposer les voies d'oxydation possible pour chaque composé pharmaceutique en présence du radical hydroxyl •OH. Enfin, l'évolution de la toxicité au cours des traitements a été suivie en utilisant la méthode Microtox, basée sur l'inhibition de la fluorescence des bactéries Vibrio fischeri. Dans la deuxième partie de ce travail de thèse, les trois anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens ont été ajoutés dans une eau déminéralisée ou dans une eau de surface. Ces eaux ont été traitées à l'aide de différentes doses d'ozone; puis le traitement à l'ozone à été combiné à un traitement biologique par biofiltration. Un biofilm biologique déposé à la surface d'un filtre de charbon actif a été utilisé pour déterminer la biodégradabilité des sous-produits d'oxydation formés dans les eaux de surface ozonée. L'identification des intermédiaires formés lors des processus de traitement et des contrôles de toxicité bactérienne ont été menées pour évaluer la voie de dégradation des produits pharmaceutiques et des effets biologiques potentiels, respectivementThe thesis mainly focused on the implementation of advanced oxidation processes for the elimination of three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-ketoprofen, naproxen and piroxicam in waters. The three compounds are among the most used medicines, whose presence in waters poses a potential ecotoxicological risk. Due to the low pharmaceuticals removal efficiency of traditional wastwater treatement plants, worldwide concerns and calls are raised for efficient and eco-friendly technologies. Advanced oxidation processes, such as ozonation-biofiltration, electro-Fenton and anodic oxidation processes, which attracted a growing interest over the last two decades, could achieve almost complete destruction of the pollutants studied. Firstly, removal of selected pharmaceuticals from tap water was investigated by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes “electro-Fenton” and “anodic oxidation” with Pt or boron-doped diamond anode and carbon felt cathode at lab-scale. Removal rates and minieralization current efficencies under different operatioanl conditions were analysed. Meanwhile, intermediates produced during the mineralization were also identified, which helps to propose plausible oxidation pathway of each compound in presence of •OH. Finally, the evolution of the global toxicity of treated solutions was monitored using Microtox method, based on the fluorescence inhibition of Vibrio fischeri bacteria. In the second part, the three nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory molecules added in organics-free or surface water were treated under varying ozone treatment regimes with the quite well established technology ozone/biofiltration. A bench-scale biological film was employed to determine the biodegradability of chemical intermediates formed in ozonized surface water. Identification of intermediates formed during the processes and bacterial toxicity monitoring were conducted to assess the pharmaceuticals degradation pathway and potential biological effects, respectively
9
Hou, Liwei. "Metal oxide synthesis and its application in the heterogeneous catalytic oxidation processes, using H2O2 or peroxydisulfate as oxidant." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2271/document.
Анотація:
Parmi les procédés avancés d'oxydation (AOPs), les procédés de type Fenton (réactif de Fenton: Fe2+/H2O2) et les procédés d'oxydation par le persulfate, sont décrits comme des procédés très performants. Le procédé Fenton est une voie prometteuse et attractive pour le traitement d'une large variété de composés organiques polluants, difficiles à traiter par les voies classiques de dépollution. Au cours du procédé Fenton, des radicaux hydroxyles, molécules à fort pouvoir oxydant capable de réagir avec pratiquement tous types de composés organiques et inorganiques, sont générés. De même, du fait de la structure similaire entre H2O2 et les ions peroxydisulfate, ces derniers peuvent se décomposer en radicaux sulfates (SO4-•), un autre type d'oxydant hautement réactif pouvant réagir avec les composés organiques. Cependant, les procédés Fenton et d'activation du peroxydisulfate classiques présentent plusieurs inconvénients. En effet, la solution doit être acidifiée avant la réaction, et des procédés complexes de purification / séparation sont nécessaires après réaction. Afin de contourner ces inconvénients, le développement de procédés de traitement hétérogènes est proposé pour le traitement de l'eau. Dans cette optique de développement de procédés économes, les oxydes de fer comme la magnétite sont proposés comme remplaçants des sels solubles de fer. Une utilisation de tels matériaux, à l'état solide, présente des avantages indéniables, dont la séparation aisée de l'espèce active après réaction par sédimentation ou filtration. Dans le cadre de ce travail de doctorat, différents types d'oxydes de fer, hématite ou magnétite, ont été synthétisés en milieu liquide ionique. La morphologie, les propriétés structurales, les rapports de surface FeII/FeIII, les surfaces spécifiques, les tailles de domaine cristallin, etc. ont été évaluées. Deux molécules différentes, la tétracycline (TC) et le phenol, couramment utilisées dans l'industrie chimique, ont été sélectionnées comme polluants modèles afin d'évaluer les performances des matériaux préparés pour leur élimination. Une partie importante du travail de doctorat a donc été l'étude des propriétés des matériaux pour l'élimination de polluants organiques par le procédé Fenton hétérogène. Les résultats montrent clairement que les principaux facteurs affectant les performances du procédé sont reliés aux propriétés de la phase active, du fait du caractère surfacique des réactions. La stabilité des systèmes catalytiques préparés est néanmoins une propriété cruciale également étudiée. Le manuscrit de doctorat met donc l'accent sur la conception de matériaux originaux destinés à une utilisation dans les procédés avancés d'oxydation dans l'eauFenton reaction (Fenton reagent: (Fe2+/H2O2)) and persulfate oxidation process, as advanced oxidation processes, are powerful oxidations used world around. Fenton reaction has been evidenced to be a promising and attractive treatment method for the degradation of a wide variety of hazardous organic pollutants, which are difficult to be treated using traditional soft treatment technologies. During Fenton process, free hydroxyl radicals (HO•), strong oxidant molecules capable of reacting with practically all types of organic and inorganic compounds, are generated. In the meanwhile, due to the similar structure between H2O2 and peroxydisulfate ions, peroxydisulfate ions can be decomposed to sulfate radicals (SO4-•), another kind of highly active oxidant that can react with organic compounds. However, the classical Fenton or peroxydisulfate activation processes present some disadvantages. Indeed, the solution needed acidification before carrying out the reaction and complex separation processes have to be applied after reaction. To overcome these drawbacks, heterogeneous catalytic oxidation processes were introduced for wastewater treatment. In this line, magnetite was evidenced as potential substituent to soluble iron ions, and it offers significant advantages such as an easy separation after reaction since the active material can be easily recovered by sedimentation or filtration for further used. In this PhD work, iron oxides, hematite and magnetite, were synthesized using an ionic liquid mediated process. The morphology, structural properties, FeII/FeIII surface ratios, specific surface areas (SSA), mean particle diameters, site densities, etc. were evaluated. Two different model pollutants (tetracycline (TC) and phenol), which are widely used chemicals all over the world, were selected to evaluate the performance of the prepared active materials. A significant part of the PhD study was then on the study of heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction for phenol and TC degradation. Experiments showed that the main factors affecting the heterogeneous Fenton-like system are related to the heterogeneous active phase properties, due to the surface reaction nature occurring over iron oxide surface. However, stability of this active phase, with progressive dissolution under reaction, is also a real challenge. This PhD manuscript, focusing on the design of highly active materials for advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), is constituted of five experiment result parts
10
Domergue, Lionel. "Étude de la régénération d’adsorbants par oxydation indirecte." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1S028.
Анотація:
Du fait du coût élevé de certains matériaux adsorbants d’intérêt pour le traitement de la micropollution organique, l’étude a porté sur la régénération de matériaux adsorbants de type zéolithes hydrophobes et monolithe de carbone dans le cas de l’adsorption du bisphénol A et du diclofénac comme micropolluants réfractaires. Des procédés d’oxydation avancée impliquant des espèces radicalaires HO• (réaction de Fenton, électro-Fenton) et SO₄• – (activation de persulfate par voie thermique) ont été utilisés pour assurer la régénération des matériaux par désorption et dégradation oxydative des polluants fixés. La production de radicaux HO• au sein de la phase aqueuse circulant au niveau de l’adsorbant n’est pas suffisamment efficace pour sa régénération. Il a donc été envisagé de générer les radicaux au plus près des molécules adsorbées. Au cours de ce travail, une méthode sensible d’analyse par polarographie de H₂O₂ a été développée et validée pour le suivi des expériences avec les procédés mettant en jeu la réaction de Fenton. Pour différentes zéolithes, le catalyseur de la réaction de Fenton à base de fer a été incorporé préalablement dans la zéolithe. Pour le monolithe de carbone, les propriétés de conduction du matériau ont été mises à profit en l’utilisant comme cathode pour l’application du procédé électro-Fenton permettant de produire les radicaux HO• directement au sein du matériau. Cela a conduit à améliorer les performances de la régénération avec toutefois une diminution de son efficacité au cours de cycles successifs adsorption/régénérationThe elimination of organic micropollutants often requires the use of adsorption processes among the water treatments. The aim of our study is to regenerate two expensive materials (hydrophobic zeolites and carbon monoliths) to increase their life expectancy and decrease their investing cost. Two organic contaminants were targeted : diclofenac and bisphenol A, which are refractory pollutants. Advanced oxidation processes involve radical species, HO• (Fenton and electro-Fenton reactions) and SO₄• – (thermal activation of persulfate ion). These oxidants were used to decompose the adsorbed pollutants and thus regenerate the adsorbents. The HO• production, within the core of aqueous phase, did not reach satisfactory regeneration, and a loss of adsorption capacity was observed. Furthermore, during this study, a sensitive polarographic analytical method was developed and validated for the quantification of H₂O₂ in the aqueous phase. This method was used to follow in situ the Fenton reaction. The location of the catalyst in a closer vicinity of the adsorbed species was then optimized and the iron catalyst was impregnated in the host, prior to the adsorption, on different types of hydrophobic zeolites. Concerning carbon monolith, the electro-Fenton process was carried out using the material as the cathode thanks to its electrical conductivity. Consequently, HO• are produced in the porosity of monolith. This latter property enhanced the degradation of adsorbed solutes. The overall performances were increased compared to the homogeneous Fenton process. Nonetheless, a decrease of the adsorption capacities with adsorption-regeneration cycles was observed
Книги з теми "Advanced Oxydation Processes (AOP)":
1
Cooper, William J. Reaction rates and mechanisms of advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for water reuse. Alexandria, VA: WateReuse Foundation, 2010.
2
Heterogeneous Catalysis and Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) for Environmental Protection (VOCs Oxidation, Air and Water Purification). MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-0365-3565-4.
Частини книг з теми "Advanced Oxydation Processes (AOP)":
1
Sukanya Devi, R., Bhaarathi Dhurai, S. Sundaresan, and A. Selvakumar. "Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP)—Effective Innovative Treatment Methods to Degrade Textile Dye Effluent." In Sustainable Textiles: Production, Processing, Manufacturing & Chemistry, 173–203. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0065-4_7.
2
Cai, Q. Q., L. Jothinathan, S. H. Deng, S. L. Ong, H. Y. Ng, and J. Y. Hu. "Fenton- and ozone-based AOP processes for industrial effluent treatment." In Advanced Oxidation Processes for Effluent Treatment Plants, 199–254. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-821011-6.00011-6.
3
Ibrahim, Nurazim, Sharifah Farah Fariza Syed Zainal, and Hamidi Abdul Aziz. "Application of UV-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes in Water and Wastewater Treatment." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 384–414. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5766-1.ch014.
Анотація:
The presence of hazardous micropollutants in water and wastewater is one of the main concerns in water management system. This micropollutant exists in a low concentration, but there are possible hazards to humans and organisms living in the water. Moreover, its character that is recalcitrant to microbiological degradation makes it difficult to deal with. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are efficient methods to remove low concentration micropollutants. AOPs are a set of processes consisting the production of very reactive oxygen species which able to destroy a wide range of organic compounds. The main principal mechanism in UV-based radical AOP treatment processes is the use ultraviolet light to initiate generation of hydroxyl radicals used to destroy persistent organic pollutants. Therefore, this chapter presents an overview on the principle of radical oxidant species generation and degradation mechanism by various type of UV based AOP in treating contaminants present in water and wastewater. The current application and possible improvement of the technology is also presented in this chapter.
4
Chandran, Thirumal, Mahesh Navnath Pharande, and Shivangi Omer. "Paraox Advanced Oxidation: An “Effective” Wastewater Treatment Process for Complex Organic Molecules Contamination." In Ozonation - New Aspects [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.111390.
Анотація:
Mandatory in most part of the world to establish wastewater treatment plants before the treated effluent is discharged to any permittable discharge points. Wastewater treatment are based on the age-old concept of” activated sludge process” irrespective of the nature of effluent whether - “biodegradable, semi-biodegradable of non-biodegradable” resulting in untreated or partially treated effluent is being discharged in to receiving water. In this chapter we are discussing “Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP)” in for various industrial segments after conducting pilot studies and full size industrial plant for various industrial segments such as leather, textile, chemical industries, engineering industries, automobile industries, fertilizer industry, petrochemical industries. Supplied industrial plants capable of not only provide proper treatment but also recover & recycle the treated effluent. In our “PARAOX” – we generate with our unique innovative patented AOP “ÖH” radicals & these “ÖH” radicals effecting mineralization of Complex Organic Molecules without generating. “sludge”. We are enclosing relevant actual data conclude a systematic analysis of all existing scientific works which was carried out to verify the evolution of this line of research and representing its implication on industrial scale.
5
Rajasekaran, Rajesh Nithyanandam, Hastheesudabye Puddoo, and Thaothy Nithyanandam Nguyenhuynh. "An Overview of Treatment of Antibiotics Using Advanced Oxidation Process." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 226–60. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5766-1.ch010.
Анотація:
Antibiotics present in the environment are originated from pharmaceutical manufacturing processes or through wastes such as urine and feces. As antibiotics remain recalcitrant and persist in the treated water, consumption of treated water containing antibiotics raises a concern in the development of antibiotic resistance bacteria which would be later released to the environment. It might result in a vicious cycle which new antibiotics needs to be developed and dosage has to increase. Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) have been studied to effectively degrade antibiotics. During this process, hydroxyl radicals are formed to degrade organic compounds. Different APO are available in the literature such as photo-Fenton, Fenton, ozonation, sonolysis (UV), ultrasound combined with ozone, TiO2/direct photolysis, UV/H2O2, UV/ TiO2, UV/IGBT. To treat the high level of concentration of antibiotics, retention time of AOPs needs to be extended or/and OH• radicals need to be produced in a higher concentration for a complete mineralization.
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Esfahani, Kourosh Nasr, Montserrat Pérez-Moya, and Moisès Graells. "A Hybrid Model Coupling Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) and Conventional Bio-processes for the Removal of Recalcitrant Contaminants in Wastewaters." In 31st European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering, 883–89. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-88506-5.50137-6.
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Fetimi, Abdelhalim, Slimane Merouani, Aissa Dehane, and Yacine Benguerba. "Advanced modeling of a textile dye removal from wastewater by a sulfate radical-based AOP using an artificial intelligence-based optimization approach." In Development in Wastewater Treatment Research and Processes, 263–93. Elsevier, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-95656-7.00013-0.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Advanced Oxydation Processes (AOP)":
1
Isac-Gutul, Tatiana, and Elena Tutovan. "Photodegradation of doxicycline by advanced oxidation processes (AOP) in water solutions." In Scientific seminar "Advanced materials to reduce the impact of toxic chemicals on the environment and health". Institute of Chemistry, Republic of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19261/admateh.2023.ab18.
2
Espinoza Mejia, Julia Emilia, Xiaoli Li, and Ruyi Zheng. "Experimental Study of Asphaltene Precipitation and Deposition During Immiscible CO2 - EOR Process." In SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208802-ms.
Анотація:
Abstract The Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) assisted with CO2 injections has been widely addressed. However, limited experimental work has been done for studying the asphaltene precipitation arising during the immiscible CO2 injection processes. This investigation presents experimental phase behavior analyses of asphaltenes instability, determination of asphaltene onset pressures (AOP), characterization, and description of asphaltene precipitation and deposition particles under different reservoir conditions. An advanced fully visual Pressure-Volume-Temperature (PVT) instrument and a Solid Detection System (SDS) are utilized to perform all the measurements in this work. Saturation pressures are measured for the gas and crude oil mixtures with different compositions under different reservoir temperatures in the PVT cell. Changes in pressure, temperature, and volume at each equilibrium state are recorded. The same mixture composition is charged into the SDS. The AOP is then determined by reducing the pressure in the SDS. The upper asphaltene onset pressure (UAOP) is found to increase with the CO2 concentration in the system from 25 to 35 mol% CO2. For 45 mol% CO2, the UAOP is found to be lower than UAOP at 25 mol% CO2. In contrast, the lower asphaltene onset pressure (LAOP) is found to increase with CO2 concentration in all cases. The reversible process of asphaltene precipitation during the de-pressurization process at constant temperature is corroborated with the experiment at 60, 90, and 120 °C for the composition of 25 mol% of CO2 and at 90 and 120 °C for the composition of 35 mol% of CO2. The rest of the cases presented asphaltene deposition, which is considered an irreversible process because the asphaltene particles cannot be re-peptized into the liquid phase by the effect of pressure. By contrast, the complete re-peptization of asphaltenes during the re-pressurization is more effective at lower gas injection fractions (25, 35 mol% CO2) and higher temperatures (90, 120 °C). The maximum quantity and size of asphaltene particles are found near the bubble point pressure for all cases. The asphaltenes particles do not have a specific shape, and their colors vary from brown to black. The amount of asphaltene precipitation increase with the gas fraction by the effect of the micro-aggregates-clusters formation being able to reach the stage of aging or irreversible asphaltene deposition. Conversely, lower asphaltene precipitation is shown with the increment of temperature for 25 mol% CO2. This experimental work attempts to analyze the asphaltene precipitation phase behavior and particles observation relationship when CO2 is injected at different gas proportions and under different reservoir temperatures. The results from this effort provide significant support to the areas of asphaltene phase behavior characterization and formation damage control.
3
Lepeytre, C., C. Lavaud, and G. Serve. "Photocatalytic and Photochemical Degradation of Liquid Waste Containing EDTA." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59144.
Анотація:
The decontamination factor of liquid waste containing 60Co is generally weak. This is due to the presence of complexant molecules. For instance, complexation of EDTA with 60Co decreases efficiency of radioactive waste treatment. The aim of this study was to degrade EDTA in H2O and CO2 and to concentrate free 60Co in order to increase decontamination factor. A first test of radioactive waste treatment by photocatalysis was allowed to increase decontamination factor (60Co) from 16 to 196 with a device requiring to be improved. The present work concerns the first step of the degradation process development with a more powerful device. These first experiments were leaded to follow the only EDTA oxidation. EDTA degradation was carried out by the following Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP): UV/H2O2 (photochemistry); UV/TiO2 (photocatalysis); UV/TiO2/H2O2. A specific reactor was achieved for this study. The wavelength used was 254 nm (UVC). The photocatalytic degradation of EDTA was carried out with Degussa P-25 titanium dioxide (TiO2), which is a semiconductor photocatalyst. The degradation degree of EDTA and the intermediate products were monitored by TOC and ionic chromatography methods. The effects of various parameters such as pH and the quantity of H2O2 were studied. This allows us to conclude that basic pH slows down EDTA degradation. The study showed that UV/H2O2 process was the most effective treatment process under acid conditions. The rate of EDTA degradation was very high and reached 95% in 120 minutes. The presence of glyoxilic, oxalic, glycolic and formic acids was detected as degradation products. Among the intermediates produced by photochemistry, NO3− ions presence informed of the amine degradations. These results highlighted faster EDTA degradation by photochemistry than photocatalysis.