Статті в журналах: "Adsorption"

1

Yang, Shan Shan, Zong Tang Liu, and Zheng Hao Fei. "Study on the Adsorption of O-Aminobenzoic Acid (OABA) with the Adsorption Resins Modified Chemically." Advanced Materials Research 800 (September 2013): 476–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.800.476.

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In this study, the resins modified with trimellitie anhydride (named ZT3) or phthalic anhydride (named ZT5) during the post-crossing of chloromethyl low crosslinking macroporous poly-styrene resin were prepared, characterized and evaluated for adsorptive removal of o-aminobenzoic acid (OABA) from aqueous solutions. The structural characterization results indicated that the resins possessed predominant micropores surface area and moderate specific surface area. The adsorption performance of OABA onto ZT3 and ZT5 was studied through static and kinetic adsorption experiment with the commercial Amberlite XAD-4 as a contrast. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equation could fit the adsorption isotherm of OABA onto ZT3 and ZT5 perfectly. The adsorptions of OABA onto the three resins were all spontaneous exothermic processes with physical characters. Kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption reaction could be approximated by a quasi-first kinetic adsorption equation. Key words: o-aminobenzoic acid; adsorption resin; adsorption kinetic; thermodynamic; che-mical modification

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2

P Vishwakarma, P. "Adsorptive Capacity, Adsorption Isotherm and Adsorption Kinetics of Activated Carbon for the Removal of Toxic Cadmium from Polluted Water." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 11, no. 2 (February 5, 2022): 1056–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr22225160155.

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3

Kutarov, V. V., and B. M. Kats. "Prediction of Adsorptional Henry Constants Using the Corresponding States Principle." Adsorption Science & Technology 16, no. 1 (February 1998): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026361749801600101.

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An equation is suggested which allows the prediction of the values of adsorptional Henry constants for a given adsorbent and various adsorptives at any temperature, in terms of the known experimental adsorption isotherm for an adsorptive on the same adsorbent at a given temperature. The potential application of the suggested method has been tested using known experimental data and the conditions for its use in the analysis of adsorption equilibria in different systems are discussed.

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4

Zhong, Shuying, Fanghua Ning, Fengya Rao, Xueling Lei, Musheng Wu, and Lang Zhou. "First-principles study of nitrogen and carbon monoxide adsorptions on silicene." International Journal of Modern Physics B 30, no. 25 (September 28, 2016): 1650176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979216501769.

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Atomic adsorptions of N, C and O on silicene and molecular adsorptions of N2 and CO on silicene have been investigated using the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. For the atomic adsorptions, we find that the N atom has the most stable adsorption with a higher adsorption energy of 8.207 eV. For the molecular adsorptions, we find that the N2 molecule undergoes physisorption while the CO molecule undergoes chemisorption, the corresponding adsorption energies for N2 and CO are 0.085 and 0.255 eV, respectively. Therefore, silicene exhibits more reactivity towards the CO adsorption than the N2 adsorption. The differences of charge density and the integrated charge calculations suggest that the charge transfer for CO adsorption ([Formula: see text]0.015[Formula: see text]) is larger than that for N2 adsorption ([Formula: see text]0.005[Formula: see text]). This again supports that CO molecule is more active than N2 molecule when they are adsorbed onto silicene.

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5

Gugushe, Aphiwe Siyasanga, Azile Nqombolo, and Philiswa N. Nomngongo. "Application of Response Surface Methodology and Desirability Function in the Optimization of Adsorptive Remediation of Arsenic from Acid Mine Drainage Using Magnetic Nanocomposite: Equilibrium Studies and Application to Real Samples." Molecules 24, no. 9 (May 9, 2019): 1792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24091792.

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A magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotube/zeolite nanocomposite was applied for the adsorption and removal of arsenic ions in simulated and real acid mine drainage samples. The adsorption mechanism was investigated using two-parameter (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin) and three-parameter (Redlich–Peterson, and Sips) isotherm models. This was done in order to determine the characteristic parameters of the adsorptive removal process. The results showed that the removal process was described by both mono- and multilayer adsorptions. Adsorption studies demonstrated that a multi-walled carbon nanotube/zeolite nanocomposite could efficiently remove arsenic in simulated samples within 35 min. Based on the Langmuir isotherm, the adsorption capacity for arsenic was found to be 28 mg g−1. The nanocomposite was easily separated from the sample solution using an external magnet and the regeneration was achieved by washing the adsorbent with 0.05 mol L−1 hydrochloric acid solution. Moreover, the nanoadsorbent was reusable for at least 10 cycles of adsorption-desorption with no significant decrease in the adsorption capacity. The nanoadsorbent was also used for the arsenic removal from acid mine drainage. Overall, the adsorbent displayed excellent reusability and stability; thus, they are promising nanoadsorbents for the removal of arsenic from acid mine drainage.

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6

Xia, Yu Bo, Yue Suo Yang, and Xin Qiang Du. "The Characteristic of Petroleum Contaminant Adsorption Materials and the Estimation of Adsorption Attenuation." Advanced Materials Research 179-180 (January 2011): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.179-180.197.

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Based on the experiment in lab and the investigation in study site, we have studied the adsorption of fine sand, medium sand and coarse sand which composes the aquifer. The different type's soil is different to the petroleum adsorption, the adsorptive capacity of fine sand is strongest, the coarse sand adsorption is worst. The adsorptive capacity of Sandy in 33.8% to 46.1%, adsorptive capacity of gravel is 9.2%. Freundlich model is more accurate to explain the sorption of the sands. The adsorption reaction of sand is very rapid, and it often only needs less than a day to reach adsorption reaction balance. The pollution levels are underestimated, and has been underestimated approximately 37.1% to 41.4%, and adsorption attenuation is a main action in study site.

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7

Wanaguru, Prabath, Asok K. Ray, and Qiming Zhang. "Influence of H, H2, O and O2 on Armchair SiGe Nanotubes: A Theoretical Study." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 16, no. 4 (April 1, 2016): 3447–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2016.12342.

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A systematic, hybrid density functional theory study of interaction between SiGe nanotubes (SiGeNTs) and X (X = H, O, H2 and O2) have been performed using the hybrid functional B3LYP and an all electron 3-21G* basis set implemented in GAUSSIAN 09 suite of software. All possible internal and external adsorption sites were considered, and it was found that H prefers to move onto top of an atom site while O prefers to incorporate into NT wall by breaking the bonds. Adsorption energies for H is ∼2.0 eV and for O it is ∼5.0 eV. Controlled adsorption of atomic H and several molecular O give rises to defect density states in the frontier orbital region. H rich adsorptions predict the difference between highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy increase while O rich adsorptions predict the decrease in HOMO-LUMO energy gap. O and O2 adsorptions predict definite ionic bonding character while H atomic adsorptions predict covalent bonding. H2 is very neutral towards the adsorption into SiGeNTs and clearly shows the physisorption adsorption. Considering the all adsorptions, the adsorptions happened within the Si vicinity of the SiGeNT shows the most stable and preferred adsorption region.

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8

Wu, Yaoguo, Qian Guo, Zherui Zhang, Chengzhen Meng, Ran Sun, Sihai Hu, Jiaru Shen, and Changyu Sun. "Exploring the Potential of TNT and Aniline Coexistence to Enhance Their Transports in Saturated Chinese Loess." Applied Sciences 14, no. 15 (July 26, 2024): 6548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14156548.

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To determine the interactions between TNT and aniline adsorptions and the potential to enhance their transports in saturated Chinese loess, batch and column tests were conducted. The batch tests show that their adsorptions inhibit each other when they coexist, and their inhibitions depend on their concentrations, implying that their coexistence has the potential to enhance their transports of each other in the saturated loess. The column tests confirm this speculation, while aniline enhances TNT transport more obviously than TNT does. These findings are ascribed to TNT adsorption being primarily through surface adsorption, while aniline adsorption mainly takes place via electrostatic adsorption and inner pore diffusion adsorption, as well as surface adsorption. There is a certain competitive relationship in their adsorptions on the loess because they have same and different adsorption sites; in particular, electrostatic force is greater than surface force. Therefore, these inhibitions on adsorption are conducive to the existences of TNT and aniline in the water rather than being fixed on the loess, thus enhancing their transports in the saturated loess, indicating that their coexistence can increase the risk of soil and even groundwater pollution.

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9

Li, Yue, Zhuannian Liu, and Rui Zhou. "Preparation of MIL-101(Fe, Al)/MoS₂ and its Adsorption of Tetracycline Hydrochloride." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2566, no. 1 (August 1, 2023): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2566/1/012002.

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Abstract A new adsorbent material MIL-101(Fe, Al)/MoS2 was composed by a solvothermal pathway for the adsorption of tetracycline hydrochloride simulated wastewater. The material was analyzed through XRD. Influences of adsorption time, initialization concentration, and pH on adsorptive effect were explored. It turned out that MIL-101(Fe, Al)/MoS2 on tetracycline hydrochloride adsorption reached equilibrium at approximately 180 min and the adsorptive amount of MIL-101(Fe, Al)/MoS2 for tetracycline hydrochloride was 118.96 mg/g at adsorption equilibrium. In contrast to MIL-101(Fe, Al), the adsorptive effect of MIL-101(Fe, Al)/MoS2 composite material on TC was substantially improved. The adsorptive process was more in accord with the Lagergren second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Besides, the TC adsorption on MIL-101(Fe, Al)/MoS2 was better under neutral conditions.

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10

Neli Kalabegashvili, Gulnara Balarjishvili, Dali Ioseliani, Liana Samkharadze, Nino Nonikashvili, and Irma Mikadze. "Iron (III) adsorption on perlite." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 15, no. 1 (July 30, 2022): 644–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.15.1.0739.

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The present research set a goal of study of applicability of the expanded perlite obtained on the basis of perlite – natural mineral of Georgia, from adsorption removal of Fe3+ ions from aqueous solution. Adsorptive characteristics of the expanded perlite have been studied in the process of aqueous solution purification from trivalent iron ions in regard to adsorbent dosage, contact time, adsorbate concentration and solution pH. The dependence of adsorption degree and adsorptive capacity of the expanded perlite from the above-mentioned parameters have been uncovered. Optimum conditions of Fe3+ ions adsorption have been established. Maximum values of adsorption degree and adsorptive capacity were equal to 89% and 4,45mg/g, respectively.

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11

FANG, XIAOLIANG, XIAOLI FAN, RUNXIN RAN, and PIN XIAO. "DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY STUDIES ON THE ADSORPTION OF 4-METHYLBENZENETHIOL AND 4-ETHYLBENZENETHIOL MOLECULES ON Au(111) SURFACE." Surface Review and Letters 21, no. 06 (December 2014): 1450087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x14500875.

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The nondissociative and dissociated adsorptions of 4-methylbenzenethiol (4-MBT) and 4-ethylbenzenethiol (4-EBT) on Au (111) surface were studied by applying the first-principles method based on density functional theory. The effects of coverage and vdW interactions on adsorptions were investigated. Adsorption energies and tilt angles of both 4-MBT and 4-EBT decrease with the increase of the coverage, and vdW interactions can affect the adsorption configuration and energy. More importantly, in the case of 4-EBT adsorption, we have studied the effects of ethyl group's orientation on the adsorption configuration and energy. Calculation results show that ethyl group's orientation has little effect on the adsorption energy, but changes the tilt angle by around 7°. Our calculations provide a deeper elucidation of the observed adsorption configuration for 4-EBT on Au (111).

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12

Guo, Tiecheng, Sicong Yao, Hengli Chen, Xin Yu, Meicheng Wang, and Yao Chen. "Characteristics and adsorption study of the activated carbon derived from municipal sewage sludge." Water Science and Technology 76, no. 7 (June 13, 2017): 1697–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.352.

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Sewage sludge-based activated carbon is proved to be an efficient and low-cost adsorbent in treatment of various industrial wastewaters. The produced carbon had a well-developed pore structure and relatively low Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area. Adsorptive capacity of typical pollutants, i.e. copper Cu(II) and methylene blue (MB) on the carbon was studied. Adsorptions were affected by the initial solution pH, contact time and adsorbent dose. Results showed that adsorption of Cu(II) and MB on the produced carbon could reach equilibrium after 240 min. The average removal rate for Cu(II) on the carbon was high, up to 97% in weak acidic conditions (pH = 4–6) and around 98% for MB in a very wide pH range (pH = 2–12). The adsorption kinetics were well fitted by the pseudo-second order model, and both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models could well describe the adsorption process at room temperature. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacities of Cu(II) and MB on sewage sludge-based activated carbon were 114.94 mg/g and 125 mg/g, respectively. Compared with commercial carbon, the sewage sludge-based carbon was more suitable for heavy metal ions’ removal than dyes’.

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13

Choi, Jiyeon, Ardie Septian, and Won Sik Shin. "Influence of Salinity on the Removal of Ni and Zn by Phosphate-Intercalated Nano Montmorillonite (PINM)." Minerals 10, no. 11 (November 2, 2020): 980. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10110980.

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The salinity influence on the adsorptions of Ni and Zn onto phosphate-intercalated nano montmorillonite (PINM) were investigated. Single adsorption isotherm models fitted the single adsorption data well. The adsorption capacity of Ni was higher than that of Zn onto PINM at different salinities. The single adsorption parameters from Langmuir model (QmL and bL) were compared with the binary adsorption (QmL* and bL*). The QmL* of Zn was lower than that of Ni. The simultaneous presence of Ni and Zn decreased the adsorption capacities. The single and binary adsorptions onto PINM were affected by the salinity. The competitive Langmuir model (CLM), P-factor, Murali and Aylmore (M−A) models, and ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) were satisfactory in predicting the binary adsorption data; the CLM showed the best fitting results. Our results showed that the PINM can be used as an active Ni and Zn adsorbent for a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) in the remediation of saline groundwater.

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14

Jaffri, Shaan Bibi, Khuram Shahzad Ahmad, Mehtabidah Ali, and Shahid Iqbal. "Sorptive Interactions of Fungicidal 2-(4'-Thiazolyl) Benzimidazole with Soils of Divergent Physicochemical Composition." International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology 10, no. 2 (September 4, 2019): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.vol10.iss2.2019.268.

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Thiabendazole, 2-(4'-thiazolyl) Benzimidazole fungicide is rampantly used in Pakistan for controlling fungalgrowth in addition to combating various fungus driven diseases. Thiabendazole leaching and mobility patterns can beeasily predicted through investigation of Thiabendazole adsorption and desorption behavior in soils. Present work iscarried out by conducting a batch equilibration experiment for evaluation of Thiabendazole adsorption and desorption insoils from four diverse Pakistani climatological regions. Data revealed Thiabendazole had moderate to weak adsorption inselected soils with distribution co-efficient Kd(ads) ranging from 13.33 to 24.04 µg/ml in selected soils. The TBZ adsorptionin soils best fitted with Freundlich model (R2>0.87). The Freundlich adsorption coefficient (Kf(ads)) values ranged from4.51 to 8.90 µg/ml. Thiabendazole adsorption trends in the selected soils were positively influenced by the clay contentand soil organic matter while it was negatively influenced by soils’ pH. The Freundlich desorption coefficient (Kf(des))values spanned over a range of 1.03 to 6.43 µg/ml indicating decreased desorption from soils with creditable affinities forThiabendazole adsorption. The adsorptive interactions between Thiabendazole and selected soils were primarily physicalconfirmed through lower values of Gibbs free energy ∆G ≤ - 40kJ/mol. Thiabendazole desorption was highly hysterical inall soils with profound irreversibility. Thiabendazole possessed medium mobility patterns in selected soils. The loweradsorptive capability of Thiabendazole in selected soils points towards its lower application rates for combating long termenvironmentally perilous implications.

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15

Jaffri, Shaan Bibi, Khuram Shahzad Ahmad, Mehtabidah Ali, and Shahid Iqbal. "Sorptive Interactions of Fungicidal 2-(4'-Thiazolyl) Benzimidazole with Soils of Divergent Physicochemical Composition." International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology 10, no. 2 (September 4, 2019): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.46660/ojs.v10i2.268.

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Thiabendazole, 2-(4'-thiazolyl) Benzimidazole fungicide is rampantly used in Pakistan for controlling fungalgrowth in addition to combating various fungus driven diseases. Thiabendazole leaching and mobility patterns can beeasily predicted through investigation of Thiabendazole adsorption and desorption behavior in soils. Present work iscarried out by conducting a batch equilibration experiment for evaluation of Thiabendazole adsorption and desorption insoils from four diverse Pakistani climatological regions. Data revealed Thiabendazole had moderate to weak adsorption inselected soils with distribution co-efficient Kd(ads) ranging from 13.33 to 24.04 µg/ml in selected soils. The TBZ adsorptionin soils best fitted with Freundlich model (R2>0.87). The Freundlich adsorption coefficient (Kf(ads)) values ranged from4.51 to 8.90 µg/ml. Thiabendazole adsorption trends in the selected soils were positively influenced by the clay contentand soil organic matter while it was negatively influenced by soils’ pH. The Freundlich desorption coefficient (Kf(des))values spanned over a range of 1.03 to 6.43 µg/ml indicating decreased desorption from soils with creditable affinities forThiabendazole adsorption. The adsorptive interactions between Thiabendazole and selected soils were primarily physicalconfirmed through lower values of Gibbs free energy ∆G ≤ - 40kJ/mol. Thiabendazole desorption was highly hysterical inall soils with profound irreversibility. Thiabendazole possessed medium mobility patterns in selected soils. The loweradsorptive capability of Thiabendazole in selected soils points towards its lower application rates for combating long termenvironmentally perilous implications.

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16

Shi, Jie, Zhiwei Zhao, Zhijie Liang, and Tianyi Sun. "Adsorption characteristics of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions onto a natural biosorbent, fallen arborvitae leaves." Water Science and Technology 73, no. 10 (February 24, 2016): 2422–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.104.

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In this study, the potential of the oriental arborvitae leaves for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions was evaluated. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis showed that the surface area of arborvitae leaves was 29.52 m2/g with pore diameter ranging from 2 to 50 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed C—;C or C—;H, C—;O, and O—;C=O were the main groups on the arborvitae leaves, which were the main sites for surface complexation. Finally, effects of adsorbent dose, initial pH, contact time, and coexisting natural organic matters (humic acid (HA)) on the adsorption of Pb(II) were investigated. The results indicated that the pHZPC (adsorbents with zero point charge at this pH) was 5.3 and the adsorption reached equilibrium in 120 min. Isotherm simulations revealed that the natural arborvitae leaves exhibit effective adsorption for Pb(II) in aqueous solution, giving adsorptive affinity and capacity in an order of ‘no HA’ > 5 mg/L HA > 10 mg/L HA, and according to the Langmuir models, the maximum adsorptions of Pb(II) were 43.67 mg/g, 38.61 mg/g and 35.97 mg/g, respectively. The results demonstrated that the oriental arborvitae leaves showed high potentials for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions.

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17

Ilaboya, I. R., and J. S. Okpoko. "Thermodynamic Studies on the Sorption of Lead (II), Chromium (III) and Manganese (II) ions onto Acid-Activated Shale." International Journal of Emerging Scientific Research 2 (June 27, 2021): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37121/ijesr.vol2.158.

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Shale mineral in its raw form was collected, processed, calcinated and activated using tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid. The microstructural arrangement and chemical composition of the raw, calcinated and acid-activated shale was determined using x-ray fluorescence and scanning electron microscope to verify its ability for the removal of Pb2+, Cr3+ and Mn2+ from wastewater. Batch experimental method was used to study the effect of different adsorption parameters on the sorption efficiency of shale. The effect of temperature on the sorption of Pb2+, Cr3+ and Mn2+ on acid-activated shale was investigated at varied temperature of 15 – 40 . The calculated value of enthalpy () was 12.50 kJ/mol for Pb2+ adsorption, 5 kJ/mol for Cr3+ and 11 kJ/mol for Mn2+ adsorption. The calculated values of Gibbs free energy () varies from -6.576 kJ/mol to 1.358 kJ/mol for Pb2+ adsorptions, from -2.696 kJ/mol to 0.192 kJ/mol for Cr3+ adsorptions, and -4.994 kJ/mol to 1.870 kJ/mol for Mn2+ adsorptions. The entropy () range is 38.68 – 60.946 kJ/mol for Pb2+ adsorptions, 16.69 – 24.58 kJ/mol for Cr3+ adsorptions, and 31.70 – 51.10 kJ/mol for Mn2+ adsorptions. The positive value of shows that the adsorption of Pb2+, Cr3+ and Mn2+ onto acid-activated shale was an endothermic process. The values of are negative at temperature of 298 K and above for the three metal ions studied, which confirmed that the adsorption of Pb2+, Cr3+ and Mn2+ on acid-activated shale was a spontaneous process. The decline in with increasing adsorption temperature showed that adsorptions of Pb2+, Cr3+ and Mn2+ onto acid-activated shale became better at higher temperature while the positive value of for all metal ions studied showed the amplified arbitrariness at the solid-solution interface during the fixation of the adsorbate on the active site of acid-activated shale.

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18

Gao, Hai Ying, Xiao Qian Li, Hui Jie Yan, and Xiao Wei Wang. "Simultaneous Adsorption of Trichloroethylene and Cadmium on Attapulgite in the Groundwater." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 3202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.3202.

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The adsorption of trichloroethylene (TCE) and Cd2+ combined contamination in the groundwater by attapulgite were studied, and the effects of pH, dosage of attapulgite and adsorption time on adsorption were investigated, equilibrium of the adsorptions processes were further conducted. Results showed that the adsorption rate of TCE affected little by the pH; TCE adsorption equilibrium reached after 3d, the removal rate was 71.34%; when attapulgite dosage was 0.03g, the adsorption rate was up to more than 51.08%. Freundlich isotherm was best fitted the adsorption process of TCE. Compound contamination of TCE and Cd2+ decreased the removal rate of TCE; but was in line with Freundlich adsorption isotherm.

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19

Nu, Soe Soe, and Dr Mi Sandar Mon. "Analysis of Adsorption Time for Solar Adsorption Refrigeration System." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-6 (October 31, 2018): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd18349.

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20

de Souza, Cristiane Gimenes, Tammy Caroline Lima de Jesus, Rafael Cavalcante dos Santos, Lívia Melo Bomfim, Luiz Carlos Bertolino, Débora França de Andrade, Luiz Antonio d´Avila, and Luciana S. Spinelli. "Characterization of Brazilian palygorskite (Guadalupe region) and adsorptive behaviour for solvatochromic dyes." Clay Minerals 56, no. 1 (March 2021): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/clm.2021.16.

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AbstractThis work presents the results of the physical characterization of palygorskite and its adsorptive behaviour for three solvatochromic dyes (Nile blue chloride (NBC), methylene blue (MTB) and dithizone (DTZ)). Adsorption isotherms were used to determine the maximum adsorption of the solvatochromic dyes on the palygorskite. The characterization of palygorskite was carried out via mineralogical and chemical analysis with X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, surface-charge measurement (ζ-potential), thermogravimetric analysis, textural analysis and cation-exchange capacity analysis. The material consists of palygorskite and quartz and its chemistry is dominated by SiO2, MgO and Fe2O3. The specific surface area and cation-exchange capacity of the palygorskite are 142 m2 g–1 and 41 cmol(+) kg–1, respectively. The SEM and TEM analyses showed a fibrous structure with fibres 20–100 nm long. The thermogravimetric analysis showed three endothermic events at 57.3°C, 171.8°C and 439.6°C. The adsorption capacities of the palygorskite for NBC (basic pH), MTB (basic pH) and DTZ (neutral pH) were 0.082, 0.013 and 0.102 g g–1, respectively. The adsorptions of NBC and MTB were fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model and the adsorption of DTZ was fitted with the Sips model.

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Sun, Y., J. Hu, H. Jin, G. Yang, and J. He. "Adsorption of fatty acid and methanol via calcium sulfate-based catalyst using a density functional theory approach." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2047, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2047/1/012016.

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Abstract This paper reports the molecular simulation of catalytic adsorption of the model compounds (simulated fatty acid and methanol) via the density functional theory (DFT) approach. The catalyst was prepared from an improved clean wet process using phosphorous rock as the raw materials. The adsorptions of the model compounds on the catalyst were simulated. The associated energies during adsorption were calculated. The proposed the detailed simulation offers great details of molecular adsorptions of the model compounds on the created crystallite lattice surface during adsorption.

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Shen, Liya, Jing Xu, Xinru Wang, and Yuanli Liu. "Maleic Anhydride-Modified Water Hyacinth for Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Methyl Violet." Processes 12, no. 10 (October 19, 2024): 2290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12102290.

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Removal of toxic pollutants is of the greatest concerns facing wastewater treatment. In this study, a chemical modification method was used to prepare the maleic anhydride-modified water hyacinth (MA-EC) for the removal of methylene blue (MB) and methyl violet (MV) from water. The maleic anhydride-modified water hyacinth biosorbent was characterized and adsorption experiments were conducted. The prepared MA-EC demonstrated considerable adsorptive efficiency toward MV and MB. It was confirmed that the maximum adsorptive capacities were 1373.58 and 434.70 mg/g for MV and MB, respectively. The adsorptive data were also fitted using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, and the results showed that the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model could better describe the adsorptive process. Adsorption–desorption cycling experiments demonstrated that the MA-EC adsorbent had good reusability, with adsorptive capacities of 538.88 mg/g for MV and 215.56 mg/g for MB after four cycles of desorption–adsorption.

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23

Suhaimi, Nabilah, Muhammad Raziq Rahimi Kooh, Chee Ming Lim, Chung-Ting Chou Chao, Yuan-Fong Chou Chau, Abdul Hanif Mahadi, Hai-Pang Chiang, Nurul Hazimah Haji Hassan, and Roshan Thotagamuge. "The Use of Gigantochloa Bamboo-Derived Biochar for the Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution." Adsorption Science & Technology 2022 (February 14, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8245797.

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In this study, locally grown bamboo (Gigantochloa spp.) was used as feedstock for pyrolysis production of biochar under various pyrolysis temperatures (400–800°C). The resultant biochars were tested for their performance in adsorptive removal of the methylene blue (MB) dye. The scope of the adsorption experiment includes the effects of adsorbent dosage, solution pH, initial adsorbate concentration, and contact time. The adsorption data confirmed that pyrolysis temperature has a significant effect on adsorptive performance, whereas biochar pyrolysed at 500°C (BC500) has the highest adsorptive performance with the maximum adsorption capacity (derived from the Langmuir model) being 86.6 mg g-1. Basic characterisations (SEM, EDX, XRD, FTIR, and BET) were carried out for BC500 where FTIR and SEM confirmed the adsorption of MB onto the biochar, while the BET data showed the reduction of the BET surface area, total pore volume, and pore diameter after the adsorption process.

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24

Oh, Hee So, and Jae-Soo Chang. "Comparison of Cation Anion Dye Removal Characteristics between Kelp-based Magnetic Biochar and Pine-based Magnetic Biochar." Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 42, no. 6 (June 30, 2020): 308–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2020.42.6.308.

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Objectives:This study investigates the adsorption capacity of magnetic biochar (KB-Fe) derived from kelp for two dyes, Congo red (CR) and crystal violet (CV), which have different charge characteristics. The adsorption capacities were compared to magnetic biochar (PB-Fe) derived from pine.Methods:Pristine biochars (KB, PB) were produced through the pyrolysis of kelp and pine sawdust at 500℃. Magnetic biochars (KB-Fe, PB-Fe) were produced by treatment of 60 g of biomass in 1 L of 0.1 M FeCl<sub>3</sub>･6H<sub>2</sub>O and pyrolysis of the raw materials at 500℃. The fundamental characteristics of the biochars were analyzed, and the adsorption capacities of the biochars for the CR and CV dyes were evaluated based on two adsorption isotherm models, two adsorption kinetics models, and adsorption characteristics based on changes to the pH between 5 and 11.Results and discussion:CR adsorption by all biochars decreased with an increase in pH. When KB and PB were surface-modified with magnetic iron oxides, their adsorption capacity for CR increased. CV adsorption by all biochars increased with pH. When KB and PB were surface-modified with magnetic iron oxides, their adsorption capacity for CV considerably decreased. According to the Langmuir isotherm model, the adsorption capacity for CR was in the order of KB-Fe, KB, PB-Fe, and PB, and the adsorption capacity for CV was in the order of KB, PB, PB-Fe, and KB-Fe. The CR adsorption was better described by the pseudo-second order kinetics model for all biochars, with the exception of KB-Fe. CV adsorption was also better described by the pseudo-second order kinetics model for all biochars, with the exception of KB.Conclusions:The results show that kelp biochar has great potential for the adsorptive removal of CR and CV compared to pine-based biochar. In addition, it was demonstrated that surface modification of kelp biochar with magnetic iron oxides can significantly improve its adsorptive capacity for anionic dyes; however, its adsorptive capacity for cationic dyes decreases.

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25

Ren, Guang Jun, and Xiao Peng Wan. "Adsorption of Alizarin Red from Aqueous Solution by Modified Furfural Residue." Advanced Materials Research 826 (November 2013): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.826.163.

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An adsorbent was synthesized from modified furfural residue. The properties, kinetics and thermodynamics of alizarin red from water adsorption process on modified furfural residue were studied. The adsorption isotherm indicat that the relationship between adsorbing capacity (qe) and equilibrium mass concentration (Ce) is in accordanced with the isothermal adsorption equations of Langmuir. sorption process of modified furfural residue for alizarin red was decalescence reactionphysical adsorption. alizarin red as an adsorptive material was an effectual method. alizarin red as an adsorptive material was an effectual method. The exploitation and utilization of this furfural residue must bring obvious economic and social benefit to us

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26

Liu, Ming-Han, Yun-Wen Chen, Jer-Lai Kuo, and C. R. Chris Wang. "Distinct reactivities on segmented selenium nanorods." Chemical Communications 51, no. 72 (2015): 13783–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc03650j.

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Symmetry-breaking segmented selenium nanorods (SBS-SeNRs) exhibit dual thiolated-silane adsorptions, i.e., physical adsorption on t-Se and chemical adsorption on t_q-Se. The passivation by chemical adsorption (red lines) endows SBS-SeNRs with distinct reactivties on its surface, leading to a capability of selective transformations such as Se removal and Au deposition.

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27

Eyyubova, E. J. "ADSORPTION OF Fe (III) IONS ON MODIFIED ADSORBENT: ADSORPTION ISOTHERMS." Azerbaijan Chemical Journal, no. 4 (December 8, 2022): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32737/0005-2531-2022-4-33-42.

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This work is devoted to the synthesis of a new type of adsorbent based on maleic anhydride styrene copolymer (MAST) and N,N`-diphenylguanidine (S) and its modification with 4,4'-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azanylylidene))bis(pentane-2-one) (S+R). Adsorption study of Fe (III) ions with this adsorbent has been carried out. Effects of the pH value, contact time, ionic strength and the initial concentration of metal ions on the adsorption capacity of the product have been studied. In the course of research, several adsorption isotherms and kinetic models have been studied and the equilibrium data has been found to agree well with the pseudo-second-order model, and the pseudo-second-order model can describe the adsorption process. The results best fit the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The studies have shown that compared to the initial product (S), for which the adsorption capacity was 404.88 mg/g, the reagent-modified adsorbent (S+R) shows higher adsorption capacity over Fe(III) ions which is equal to 890.68 mg/g. Synthesized adsorbent was characterized by the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy (Uv/Vis). Temperature stability of adsorbent has been studied by thermal analysis methods (TG, DTA, DDTA)

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28

Luo, Haicui, Yuefei Zhou, Yan Chen, Qiaoqin Xie, and Tianhu Chen. "Limonite as a Natural Adsorbent for the Removal of Antimony(III) from an Aqueous Solution." Minerals 13, no. 12 (November 29, 2023): 1494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13121494.

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Natural limonite, which contains mainly nano-sized iron and manganese oxides, is widely distributed worldwide. This study investigated the kinetics, thermodynamics, and the effects of pH, ion strength, and anions on the adsorption of Sb(III) via limonites sampled from Xinqiao and Yeshan (Tongling, China). Results show that adsorption equilibrium is achieved after 24 h for all experiments. Under initial Sb(III) = 200 mg/L, pH = 3.0, and temperature = 25 °C, Sb adsorption quantities for X1 (Mn-free limonite from Xinqiao), X2 (Mn-containing limonite from Xinqiao), Y1 (Mn-free limonite from Yeshan), and Y2 (Mn-containing limonite from Yeshan) are 10.92, 12.97, 27.12, and 89.34 mg/g, respectively. Manganese oxides in limonites promote Sb removal through oxidizing Sb(III) to Sb(V). The adsorption processes for all four limonites are fitted with a pseudo-second-order model. All adsorptions except for X1 fit with the Freundlich model; for X1, the Langmuir adsorption model is better. All adsorptions are spontaneous reactions (ΔG < 0). All adsorptions except for Y1 (ΔH < 0, exothermic reaction) are endothermic reactions (ΔH > 0). Antimony adsorption is independent of solution pH for Mn-free limonites but is negatively related to solution pH for Mn-containing limonites. Generally, ion strength has a weak positive effect on Sb adsorption. The effects of anions on Sb adsorption are grouped into three types: weak negative (NO3− and SO42−), negative (CO32−, SiO44−, and PO43−), and equivocal (humic acid). This study indicates that due to a much higher surface area, Yeshan (124.8 m2/g for X1 and 171.7 m2/g for X2) rather than Xinqiao (13.7 m2/g for Y1 and 12.8 m2/g for Y2) limonites are better materials for Sb(III) removal in an aqueous solution. The key factors for the better use of limonite as an Sb(III) treatment material include temperature, pH, ion strength, and Mn content.

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29

Song, Guanling, Lijing Cao, Xiao Chen, Wenhua Hou, and Qunhui Wang. "Heavy metal adsorption changes of EAF steel slag after phosphorus adsorption." Water Science and Technology 65, no. 9 (May 1, 2012): 1570–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.048.

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A kind of electric arc furnace (EAF) steel slag was phosphated, and its isothermal and dynamic adsorptions of copper, cadmium, and lead ions were measured to determine if heavy metal adsorption changes after phosphorus adsorption. The surface area increased greatly after the slag was phosphated. Isothermal adsorption experiments showed that the theoretical Qmax of the EAF steel slag on Cu2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ improved 59, 50, and 89% respectively after it was phosphated. Dynamic adsorption results showed that the greatest adsorption capacities of unit volume of Cu2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ were 2.2, 1.8, and 1.8 times that of the column packed with original EAF steel slag when the column was packed with phosphate EAF steel slag at the same heavy metal ion concentration. The breakthrough time, the exhaustion time and elution efficiency of the column also increased when the column was packed with phosphated EAF steel slag compared with that packed with original EAF steel slag. Phosphorus adsorption could further improve the heavy metal ion adsorption of the EAF steel slag.

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30

Roddaeng, Songkiat, Pongjet Promvonge, and Rewadee Anuwattana. "Behaviors of hydrogen sulfide removal using granular activated carbon and modified granular activated carbon." MATEC Web of Conferences 192 (2018): 03037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819203037.

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An experimental study on hydrogen sulphide (H2S) adsorption behaviours using amine-impregnated solid adsorbent (GAC/PEI) was carried out for H2S concentration in the range of 200 and 400 ppm. The dynamic adsorptions of GAC and modified GAC (2.0 and 1000 g/L PEI) in a fixed-bed column were investigated by determining the breakthrough curves and adsorption capacities of various adsorbents. The adsorbent exhibits an excellent adsorption capacity of 106.87 and 231.45 mgH2S/g-adsorbent for 200 ppm and 400 ppm H2S, respectively. The H2S breakthrough capacity is found to relate to the surface adsorption and chemical adsorption.

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31

Jing, Yande, Yongqiang Cao, Qianqian Yang, and Xuan Wang. "Removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solution by clay-biochar composite prepared from Alternanthera philoxeroides and bentonite." BioResources 15, no. 1 (December 4, 2019): 598–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.1.598-615.

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A novel bentonite-biochar (APB) composite was prepared by incorporating bentonite (BE) with Alternanthera philoxeroides (AP) biochar for the adsorptive removal of Cd(II) from aqueous media. The APB and the pristine biochar (PB) prepared from the AP were produced at 300 °C under a nitrogen environment. The adsorption capabilities of the BE, PB, and APB were tested for the removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solution. The results showed that the pH substantially affected the adsorption of Cd(II) by the PB and APB. The adsorptive capacity of the Cd(II) onto the PB and APB gradually increased as the pH was increased to 6.0, and there was no significant change in adsorption as the pH was further increased to 8.0. The adsorption kinetic data of the PB and APB were fitted to a pseudo-second-order (PSO) adsorption kinetic model and an intraparticle diffusion (ID) model. The Freundlich model matched the experimental data better than the Langmuir model, indicating that the adsorption was heterogeneous. Thermodynamic study revealed that the adsorption was mainly physisorption, and the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous, while the orderliness of all adsorption systems decreased. The results demonstrated that the APB was an effective adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) from aqueous media.

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32

Mishra, Shuddhodan P., and Tej Bahadur Singh. "Radiotracer technique in adsorption study, part II. Adsorption of phosphate ions on chromium metal powder." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 52, no. 4 (1987): 960–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19870960.

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The adsorption of phosphate ions on chromium metal powder from aqueous solutions of sodium dihydrogen phosphate labelled with 32P has been studied as a function of concentrative (10-3 to 10-6 mol l-1), temperature (303-323 K), and pH (3.5-10.6) of the adsorptive solution. The time for the equilibrium establishment was found to be about 4 hours and it is dependent on the solution acidity. The smooth and continuous growth of phosphate adsorption follows the first order kinetics and the rate constants are found to be of the order of 10-3 min-1. The results show that the adsorption in the system under study obeys the Freundlich isotherm. The increase in temperature from 303 K to 323 K does not effect the process markedly. The adsorption kinetics of phosphate ions is highly dependent on pH of the adsorptive solution. On the basis of the present data the nature and mechanism of the adsorption are discussed.

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33

Zhao, Xiao Dan, Yun Feng Gong, and Zhen Zhou. "Study on Removal of Organic Matters in Surface Water by Adsorption Resin SD500." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 1383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.1383.

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The research is to compare the adsorption of humic acid from aqueous solution and organic matters from natural water on several adsorption resins by static and kinetic adsorption test. The results of static adsorption show that adsorption resins 213 and SD500 have better adsorption efficacy for humic acid than D203 and 201. The results of kinetic test show that adsorption and elution effect of organics on the smaller size resins are better than the larger ones during 4 operation cycles, and the adsorptive property of SD500 is more stable than 213. It proves that SD500 with grain size less than 0.88mm can be regenerated easily and the adsorption capacity can be restored well.

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34

Sun, Xiang, Yuzheng Guo, Yan Zhao, Sheng Liu, and Hui Li. "Gas Adsorption Investigation on SiGe Monolayer: A First-Principle Calculation." Sensors 20, no. 10 (May 19, 2020): 2879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20102879.

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The gas adsorption behaviors of CO, CO2, SO2, NO2, NO, NH3, H2, H2O, and O2 on SiGe monolayer are studied using the first-principles calculation method. Three special adsorption sites and different gas molecule orientations are considered. Based on adsorption energy, band gap, charge transfer, and the electron localization function, the appropriate physical adsorptions of SO2, NO, NH3, and O2 are confirmed. These gases possess excellent adsorption properties that demonstrate the obvious sensitiveness of SiGe monolayer to these gases. Moreover, SiGe may be used as a sensing material for some of them. NO2 adsorption in different adsorption sites can be identified as chemical adsorption. Besides, the external electric field can effectively modify the adsorption strength. The range of 0 ~ − 2 V/nm can create a desorption effect when NH3 adsorbs at the Ge site. The NH3 adsorption models on Ge site are chosen to investigate the properties of the I-V curve. Our theoretical results indicate that SiGe monolayer is a promising candidate for gas sensing applications.

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35

Feng, Zhi Biao, Ren Jiao Han, and Jing Long Wang. "Studies on Adsorption of Tyrosine on Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes." Advanced Materials Research 179-180 (January 2011): 1396–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.179-180.1396.

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The thermodynamics and kinetics properties and mechanism of sorption process were studied for adsorpting tyrosine in aqueous solution with multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and the adsorption isotherms at different temperatures were determined. The results showed that the adsorption of the tyrosine in aqueous solution obeys well with the Freundlich isotherm, The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption reaction was a spontaneous, exothermal and decreasing entropy process,and the adsorption process had an obvious physisorption characteristic.The pseudo-second-order equation provided the best correlation for the adsorption process, being in agreement with adsorption as the rate controlling step.

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36

Rao, M. B., and S. Sircar. "Liquid-phase Adsorption of Bulk Ethanol–Water Mixtures by Alumina." Adsorption Science & Technology 10, no. 1-4 (March 1993): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263617499010001-409.

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Separation of ethanol–water liquid mixtures can be carried out by selective adsorption of water on activated alumina. The moderate selectivity and heat of adsorption of water on the alumina permits easier and less energy intensive desorption of the adsorbed water. Experimental binary surface excess isotherms, liquid-phase adsorption kinetics and column dynamics for the adsorption of bulk water–ethanol mixtures on Alcoa H152 alumina are reported. Model analyses of the data are carried out to quantify the selectivity of adsorption, adsorptive mass-transfer coefficients and the properties of the mass-transfer zones in adsorption columns.

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37

Jia, Miao, Ji Wei Hu, Jin Luo, Su Ming Duan, Zhi Bin Li, and Chun Liu. "Comparison Study on Adsorption and Removal of Antimony from Acidic Aqueous Solution by Activated Carbons and Machine-Made Charcoal." Advanced Materials Research 779-780 (September 2013): 1600–1606. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.779-780.1600.

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Adsorption effects of three kinds of activated carbons and a type of machine-made charcoal on the removal of antimony from acidic aqueous solution were investigated and compared. With an initial antimony solution concentration of 1000 μgL-1, the antimony adsorption by selected adsorbents were found to descend in the following order: machine-made charcoal (52.4%) > coconut activated carbon (42.6%) > coal based activated carbon (31.1%) > apricot stone based activated carbon (24.6%). The machine-made charcoal has the best adsorption capacity with a maximum adsorption values of 523.76 μgL-1. Five kinetic models were used for the fitting of the process of antimony adsorption, including Elovich, parabola diffusion, second order, first order and double-constant. Results showed that parabola diffusion and double-constant rate equation were the most suitable models in describing the relationship of antimony adsorption with time in acidic aqueous solution, implying that the adsorption kinetics of the antimony by the selected adsorbents in water might be a surface diffusion. Three adsorptive capacity indicators (iodine number, methylene blue number and phenol number) were determined in this paper. However, machine-made charcoal, which has a relatively high adsorption capacity, is of the lowest levels of the adsorptive capacity indicators. Thus, some complex mechanisms might be involved for the antimony adsorption by the machine-made charcoal, consequently considering the mechanism for the adsorption of antimony by the charcoal has not been verified, a further study still needs to be done.

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38

Zhao, Fei, XiShang Sun, Ruifeng Lu, and Lihua Kang. "Adsorption of methanol, methanal, toluene, ethylbenzene, and styrene in zeolites: a grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation study." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 95, no. 12 (December 2017): 1241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2017-0218.

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In this study, the adsorption behaviors of methanol, methanal, toluene, ethylbenzene, and styrene molecules in FAU, FER, CON, and MWW zeolites were investigated. The adsorption isotherms of the five adsorbates in the four zeolites at 298 and 350 K were simulated using grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations. Moreover, binary component adsorptions were considered. The results revealed that the saturated adsorption capacity of single components in different zeolites decreased in the order of FAU > MWW > CON > FER, and the adsorption capacity of the five adsorbates in the same zeolite decreased in the order of methanal > methanol > toluene > styrene > ethylbenzene. The equilibrium adsorption capacity slightly decreased with increasing temperature. In terms of binary component adsorption, intense competition existed between the smaller adsorbed molecules. As the differences among the molecular structures increased, the competition in adsorption became more intense.

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39

Huang, Sui Liang. "Adsorption of Cadmium Ions onto the Yellow River Sediment." Water Quality Research Journal 38, no. 2 (May 1, 2003): 413–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2003.026.

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Abstract Adsorption of cadmium ions onto Yellow River sediment was studied in a batch reactor. Equilibrium adsorption of cadmium ions onto Yellow River sediment can be well described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. In view of common experimental conditions in the batch reactor, a set of equations for describing variations of both the dissolved heavy metal pollutant concentration and the particulate heavy metal pollutant concentrations (the adsorption content of heavy metal pollutant on unit weight of sediment) with time was formulated with the use of an adsorptive reaction kinetic equation of heavy metal pollutant, mass balance equation and corresponding initial conditions. Furthermore, formulae for calculating the equilibrium dissolved heavy metal concentration and the equilibrium particulate heavy metal concentration (the equilibrium adsorption content of heavy metal pollutant on unit weight of sediment) in the batch reactor were obtained. These can be used as tools for further study. It was found that the saturation adsorption content, b, constant of adsorption-desorption rate, k, and coefficient of adsorption rate, k1 (and coefficient of desorption rate k2), in the adsorptive reaction kinetic equation of the Langmuir type are independent of the suspended sediment concentration. Adsorption contents of heavy metal pollutants on unit weight of sediment (the suspended particulate heavy metal concentration) decreases with increasing suspended sediment concentration and can be well explained by the law of mass conservation. Adsorption capacity, which is defined as adsorption content of heavy metal pollutant by unit volume of (muddy) water, increases with an increase in either the suspended sediment concentration or initial dissolved heavy metal concentration.

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40

Kaleta, Jadwiga. "Removal of phenol from aqueous solution by adsorption." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 33, no. 5 (May 1, 2006): 546–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-018.

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The paper presents the results of laboratory tests concerning the possibility of utilizing activated carbon produced in Poland and nonconventional adsorbents, such as modified Clarion clay and clinoptylolite, for removing organic phenol from water. The effect of contact time and pH of the model solution on the adsorption process was assessed during tests conducted under static conditions. A contact time of 30 min was considered as optimum, and the highest efficiency of the adsorption process was achieved using a pH of 7.0. Adsorbent doses affected the course and effectiveness of the adsorption process. The adsorption processes were best described by the Freundlich isotherm. On the basis of the isotherms, the adsorptive capacity of tested adsorbents was calculated. Activated carbon had an adsorptive capacity of 13.22 g/kg, modified Clarion clay 1.24 g/kg, and clinoptylolite 0.23 g/kg. The through-flow conditions were achieved by column filtration. On the basis of breakthrough curves, the adsorptive capacities were higher than those determined through static conditions, namely 61.23, 23.56, and 2.99 g/kg for activated carbon, modified Clarion clay, and clinoptylolite, respectively. Despite their inferior adsorptive characteristics, the modified Clarion clay and clinoptylolite may be applied in filtration systems prior to filters with activated carbon.Key words: phenol, adsorption process, activated carbon, modified clay, clinoptylolite.

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41

Li, B. G., Yun Qing Kang, Guang Fu Yin, and Chang Qiong Zheng. "Adsorption of Human Serum Proteins on Carbonaceous Materials." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 1814–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.1814.

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In this paper, the adsorption of human serum albumin (HSA), human serum fibrinogen (HFG) and human serum immune globulin (IG) on surfaces of diamond like carbon film (DLC), diamond film (DF) and graphite has been studied. The adsorption isotherms of single component protein solution and the competitive adsorption of binary system have been investigated by radioisotope 125 I labeling method. Results showed that (1) the adsorptive amounts of HSA on DLC is more than that of HFG, but the adsorptive amounts of HFG on DF and graphite are apparently more than those HSA; (2) the relative competitive adsorption ability of three proteins on DF and graphite surfaces is HFG > IG > HSA, but that on DLC is HFG ≈ HAS > IG, comparison with HSA, there is no apparent competitive adsorption superiority on DLC for HFG. These results indicated that there is no apparent distinction for the adsorption of three human serum proteins on DLC, but the adsorption of HFG on DF and graphite takes precedence in varying degrees. It probably makes rational explanation for the result of blood-compatibility tests in vitro that DLC is good, but DF and graphite are worse.

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42

Xie, Baoshan, Yi Hou, and Youming Li. "Modified lignin nanosphere adsorbent for lead and copper ions." BioResources 16, no. 1 (November 13, 2020): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.1.249-262.

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Heavy metal ions in wastewater have negative effects on humans and the environment. In this paper, the adsorption of lead and copper ions by modified eucalyptus lignin nanosphere (ECLNPs) was studied. The spherical alkali-lignin particles had a diameter of 50 nm, abundant carboxyl groups of 0.66 mmol/g, and relatively high adsorption performance. The equilibrium adsorption capacities of Pb(II) and Cu(II) by ECLNPs were 126.0 mg/g and 54.4 mg/g, respectively. Both Pb(II) and Cu(II) adsorptive processes fitted a pseudo-second-order kinetics model. In the simultaneous adsorption process of Pb(II) and Cu(II), ECLNPs had higher adsorptive selectivity for Pb(II) than Cu(II), and there was a competitive adsorption process between Pb(II) and Cu(II). This resulted from the lower hydration heat of Pb(II) in water, which leads to easier separation from water ligands. ECLNPs also showed good recyclability, with 16.6% and 21.1% loss in Pb(II) and Cu(II) adsorption capacity, respectively, after three consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles, which provides a feasible technical direction for the utilization of biomass resources and the treatment of water contamination.

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43

Lin, Zongkun, Yuru Yang, Zizhan Liang, Lei Zeng, and Aiping Zhang. "Preparation of Chitosan/Calcium Alginate/Bentonite Composite Hydrogel and Its Heavy Metal Ions Adsorption Properties." Polymers 13, no. 11 (June 7, 2021): 1891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13111891.

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In order to avoid the secondary pollution of the toxic residue of chemical crosslinking agent accompanied by chemical hydrogel adsorbent and enhance the adsorption performance of physical hydrogel, chitosan/calcium alginate/bentonite (CTS/CA/BT) composite physical hydrogel was constructed. The formation mechanism and structure of the composite hydrogel were determined by FTIR, XRD and SEM. Adsorption performances of the hydrogel toward Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ in water under different condition as well as multi-ion competitive sorption were investigated. The adsorption processes were described with the canonical adsorption kinetics and isotherms models. With the utilization of XPS analysis and adsorption thermodynamics analysis, it was found that the adsorptions were spontaneous physico-chemical adsorptions. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of the hydrogel for Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ reached up to 434.89, 115.30 and 102.38 mg·g−1, respectively, better than those of other physical hydrogels or chitosan/bentonite composite. Moreover, the composite hydrogel improved the collectability of bentonite and showed a good reusability. The modification of bentonite and the formation of hydrogel were completed simultaneously, which greatly simplifies the operation process compared with the prior similar works. These suggest that the CTS/CA/BT composite hydrogel has promising application prospects for removal of heavy metal ions from water.

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44

Undabeytia, T., E. Morillo, and C. Maqueda. "Adsorption of Cd and Zn on montmorillonite in the presence of a cationic pesticide." Clay Minerals 31, no. 4 (December 1996): 485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1996.031.4.05.

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AbstractThe adsorption of Cd and Zn on a standard montmorillonite (SAZ-1) in the presence of the cationic pesticide chlordimeform, both in solution (simultaneous adsorption) and when the pesticide is previously adsorbed on the clay (successive adsorption) has been studied. The adsorption of Zn decreases when the chlordimeform concentration increases in both simultaneous and successive adsorptions, following the sequence: chlordimeform-free solutions > successive > simultaneous. In the adsorption of Cd the sequence is different: successive > chlordimeform-free solutions > simultaneous, indicating that a small amount of pesticide adsorbed favours Cd adsorption. In all cases, the apparent affinity of the metal for adsorption on montmorillonite, on the basis of distribution coefficients, KD, is higher for lower metal surface coverage, and decreases largely with the amount of the metal adsorbed. This indicates the existence of high affinity sites on the clay, probably those of variable charge edge regions. The contribution of edge and interlamellar positions to adsorption of Zn and Cd on SAZ-1 has been studied.

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45

Bozgeyik, Kadriye, and Turkan Kopac. "Synthesis of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Zirconia Composite and Bovine Serum Albumin Adsorption Characteristics." Materials Science Forum 900 (July 2017): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.900.27.

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Multi-walled carbon nanotube-zirconia composite (MWNT-ZrO2) was synthesized by a simple in situ chemical precipitation method. Adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) from aqueous solution on the MWNT-ZrO2 composite was studied using batch technique at different pH and temperatures. The adsorption equilibrium and kinetic data were analzed using different models. The adsorption isotherm data could be described by both of the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. Adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-first-order rate model. MWNT loading improved the surface and the BSA adsorptive characteristics of zirconia.

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46

Guo, Xingmei, Sihan Tang, Yan Song, and Junmin Nan. "Adsorptive removal of Ni2+ and Cd2+ from wastewater using a green longan hull adsorbent." Adsorption Science & Technology 36, no. 1-2 (July 25, 2017): 762–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263617417722254.

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The adsorptive removal of Ni2+ and Cd2+ at concentrations of approximately 50 mg L−1 in wastewater is investigated using an agricultural adsorbent, longan hull, and the adsorptive mechanism is characterized. The maximum adsorption capacity of approximately 4.19 mg g−1 Cd2+ was obtained under the optimized conditions of room temperature, pH 5.0, and a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:30 in approximately 15 min. For Ni2+, the maximum adsorption capacity of approximately 3.96 mg g−1 was obtained at pH 4.7 in approximately 20 min. The adsorption kinetics for both metal ions on the longan hull can be described by a pseudo second-order rate model and are well fitted to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The adsorption mechanism of the longan hull to Ni2+ and Cd2+ ions is shown to be a monolayer adsorption of metal ions onto the absorbent surface. Thereinto, the longan hull adsorbent contains N–H, C–H, C=O, and C=C functional groups that can form ligands when loaded with Ni2+ and Cd2+, which reduces the fluorescence of the dried longan hull material.

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47

Belyanovskaya, E. A., G. M. Pustovoy, A. I. Sklyarenko, M. P. Sukhyy, K. M. Sukhyy, О. О. Yeromin, and O. M. Prokopenko. "Calculation algorithm for operating parameters of steam-compressive chilling machine with adsorptive chillling unit." Computer Modeling: Analysis, Control, Optimization 8, no. 2 (December 2020): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32434/2521-6406-2020-8-2-3-9.

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The work is focused on the development of an effective algorithm for calculating the operational characteristics of a steamcompressive chilling machine with an adsorptive chilling unit, which involves a cold box, an adsorber, an evaporator and a condenser, water being used as a refrigerant. An algorithm for calculating the operating parameters of the adsorptive chilling unit has been developed, which includes the determination of the cooling capacity of the steam compressor refrigeration unit, the heat load on the condenser, the power consumed by the compressor, the coefficient of performance of the steam compressor refrigeration unit, as well as the calculation of the mass of water, the mass of the adsorbent, the refrigerating capacity, the coefficient of performance of the adsorptive chilling unit and the coefficient of useful energy utilization of a steam compressive chilling machine with an adsorption chilling unit. The chilling capacity and the coefficient of performance of the adsorption chilling unit are estimated under the operating conditions of a typical steam compression chilling machine. The crucial factors affecting the efficiency of the adsorptive chilling unit are analyzed. It has been established that the chilling capacity, the coefficient of performance of the adsorption refrigeration module and the energy efficiency of the installation are determined by the thermal load on the condenser, and, therefore, by the mass of water that is desorbed and evaporated. The coefficient of performance of the adsorption chilling unit and the efficiency of the steam compressor chilling machine with the adsorptive chilling unit are estimated to be 0.878 and 4.64. The criteria for the selection of adsorbents for the adsorption module are analyzed. The temperature of regeneration is determined by the temperatures in the condenser, and the limit adsorption affects the mass of the adsorbent and the size of the adsorber. A comparison of the efficiency of adsorptive chi l l ing uni t based on silicoaluminophosphates and composite adsorbents «silica gel – sodium acetate» is carried out. The prospects of using composites «silica gel – СН3СООNa» are shown. The optimal composition of the composite was established, which corresponds to the minimal size of the adsorber, (80% sodium acetate and 20% silica gel). The prospects of using adsorptive conversion of thermal energy for utilization of low-potential thermal energy during the operation of steam compressive chilling machine are shown. Keywords: adsorptive conversion of heat energy, composite adsorbent, steam compressive chilling unit, adsorption, adsorptive capacity.

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48

Tang, Yu Bin, Fang Yu, Fang Yan Chen, and Cheng Chen. "Research on Adsorption of Pb²⁺ on to Microspheres Prepared by Rectorite and Humic Acid." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 1972–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.1972.

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Rectorite (REC), humic acid (HA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were used to prepare microspheres. Batch adsorption experiments of Pb2+ion on to the microspheres were performed. The results obtained indicate that adsorption time, the microspheres dosage and temperature were the main factors influencing the adsorptive capacities. The adsorption data for Pb2+ion were well described by the Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin models. The kinetic experimental data properly correlated with the pseudo-first-order model, pseudo-second-order model and Elovich equation. The adsorption process is spontaneous, endothermic and out-of-order. The whole adsorption process is mainly controlled by entropies. The adsorption can be classified as chemical adsorption. The mechanisms for the adsorption of Pb2+ion on to the microspheres involved ion-exchange adsorption of Pb2+or the formation of complex compound. Under the experimental conditions employed, the removal of Pb2+ion attained value of 96.05%.

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Pełech, Robert, and Eugeniusz Milchert. "Adsorption of 1,2-dichloropropane from aqueous solution." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 9, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10026-007-0021-z.

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Adsorption of 1,2-dichloropropane from aqueous solution In this study dependences of the adsorption equilibrium of 1,2-dichloropropane in aqueous solution for six activated carbons (A, AG, AG5, DTO, WD-ekstra, CWZ-22) and four polymeric adsorbents (XE-563, XE-572, XE-340, XE-348) were presented. All the adsorption isotherms onto activated carbons were described by the Freundlich equation. To analyze the isotherms on the polymeric adsorbents the Langmuir-Freundlich equation was used. It was found that in the low range of the concentrations the adsorptive properties of the activated carbons are reduced in the following direction DTO>WD-ekstra>CWZ-22>AG>A>AG5. Reducing the adsorptive properties of the polymeric adsorbents states was carried out in the following order: XE-340> XE-572>XE-563>XE-348. The adsorbents XE-340, XE-572 and XE-563 have much more higher adsorptive properties than the applied activated carbons. Lower adsorptive properties of XE-348 are the result of its high surface polarity.

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50

Arif, Muhammad. "Exploring microgel adsorption: synthesis, classification, and pollutant removal dynamics." RSC Advances 14, no. 14 (2024): 9445–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4ra00563e.

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Adsorptive property of microgels is reported briefly in this review. Morphology and synthetic methods of adsorbent (microgels) are described. Various adsorption isotherms and kinetic models of adsorption are also discussed.

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