Дисертації з теми "Adsorption de colorants"
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Errais, Emna. "Réactivité de surface d'argiles naturelles : Etude de l'adsorption de colorants anioniques." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/ERRAIS_Emna_2011.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThere are significant amounts of unused dyes remaining in wastewater from the dyeing industry. The release of these effluents causes coloration and there is a risk of toxicity. Activated carbons are very efficient and have been preferentially used for the adsorption of dyes, but their use is restricted due to high cost. Therefore, there is growing interest in using alternative adsorbents that are cheaper and commercially available. Clays are lamellar minerals with structures providing high specific surface areas and large adsorption capacities. Many authors have studied the adsorption of cationic dyes on natural clays, but few studied anionic dye adsorption as they hardly adsorbate on clay. The aim of this work is to better understand the adsorption phenomena on natural clays, of anionic dyes encountered in dyeing effluents. The Fouchana clay is composed of smectite, kaolinite and illite. Standard clays were also selected. Different tests were performed for studying the adsorption influence of physicochemical environmental conditions. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters estimations show that the adsorption process is spontaneous, exothermic and that the kinetics is best described by a pseudo second order model. Kaolinite has the best adsorption capacity. The adsorption at the broken edges by replacing hydroxyl groups or via adsorbed metal complexes is a common process for the different types of clay. A process restricted to kaolinite species is related to the presence of acidic surfaces that allow the adsorption of anions via hydrogen bonds. In conclusion, the natural clay Fouchana is a good adsorbent for anionic dyes under the experimental conditions of this work
Saliba, Rima. "Sorption d'ions métalliques et de colorants sur biopolymères modifiés ou non : application à la dépollution." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10275.
Повний текст джерелаBerez, Amor. "Dépollution par l'argile naturelle d'effluents teinturiers : étude expérimentale et modélisation du processus d'adsorption / désorption en réacteur fermé et colonne de percolation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAH007.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of the work is to study the adsorption-desorption process of an azo dye on natural clay from two Tunisian deposits. The laboratory experiment was conducted in a closed reactor (batch) and percolation column. In the first step, two types of clay were used. The kinetic study shows that the adsorption and desorption follow the pattern of a pseudo first order phenomenon. A Langmuir isotherm is fitted to the adsorption process, while the desorption isotherm is characterised by hysteresis. The adsorption capacity of the Gafsa clay is more pronounced than that of the Borj Chekir clay. The percolation column studies were conducted on a mixture of of Borj Chekir clay and medium sand H2F. Hydrodynamic parameters were determined using an inert tracer (fluorescein). The reactive transport study showed that an increase in clay percentage will increase retention, but, on the other hand when using a constant percentage of the clay-sand mixture, increasing the injection rate will decrease the retention capacity of the mixture. The output curves were then compared with the numerical results of a 1D reactive transport model incorporating two reversible and irreversible adsorption sites
Darmograi, Ganna. "Etude thermodynamique et structurale des mécanismes de rétention compétitive des colorants azoïques et d'anions inorganiques à l'interface solide-liquide sur des matériaux modèles de type oxydes, lamellaires et échangeurs organiques." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS015/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe co-occurrence of various pollutants in industrial effluents is one of the most difficult problems the researchers have to face in the field of Environmental Remediation. In this context, the main objective of the present Ph.D. thesis has been to improve the comprehension of the sorption mechanisms involved in the competitive retention of selected organic dyes and inorganic species at the Solid-Liquid interface by using some model sorbents.The manuscript reports the results of advanced sorption studies made by combining several experimental techniques, mainly including kinetic and equilibrium adsorption measurements, XRD diffraction, as well as isothermal titration calorimetry. Three Azo dyes differing in the molecular size, electric charge, and hydrophobic/hydrophilic character, i.e., Methyl Orange (MO), Orange II (OII), and Orange G (OG), were selected for the purpose of this work. Two types of solid materials possessing positively charged surface sites were considered as model sorbents: layered double hydroxide structures based on Mg and Al (molar Mg:Al ratio of 2) with either nitrate (Mg-Al-LDH-NO3) or chloride counter-ions (Mg-Al-LDH-Cl) localized in the interlayer space, on the one hand, and strongly basic anion-exchange resin, Amberlite® IRN-78, on the other hand. The impact of carbonate(IV), sulfate(VI), chromate(VI), and hydrogen phosphate(V) oxyanions on the retention capacity of model sorbents towards the three dyes was also investigated thoroughly.In the first step, the single-component adsorption onto three sorbents was analyzed in regards with the detailed mechanism of retention. In all cases, an ion-exchange pathway between the pristine compensating anions (NO3-, Cl-, OH-) or anions coming from the ambient atmosphere (e.g., carbonates) and the oncoming anionic species was identified as the principal retention mechanism. In the case of LDH sorbents, this anion exchange was accompanied by the intercalation of the adsorbing species within the interlayer space with the concomitant changes in the layered structure, as inferred from the XRD study of the LDH samples loaded with the appropriate solute species. The retention of monovalent MO anions, both from the single-solute and bi-solute solutions, was found to exceed the anionic exchange capacity (AEC) of the LDH samples, which was ascribed to the dye adsorption on the external surface paralleled by the co-adsorption of sodium cations. The adsorption capacity was demonstrated to depend strongly on the hydrophilic-hydrophilic character of the dye units and their capacity of generating lateral interactions (e.g., pi-stacking) with other adsorbed species within the LDH structure. The use of isothermal calorimetry allowed the unusual shape of the curve representing the cumulative enthalpy of displacement to be attributed to the formation of OII aggregates/fibers induced by the presence of Mg and Al cations originating from the partial dissolution of the LDH sample. Competitive adsorption of dye and selected inorganic anions on the three model sorbents was studied in the second step in view of increasing the efficiency of dyes removal by optimizing experimental conditions. One of the main achievements was to categorize the dye uptake schemes in the presence of inorganic anions in regards with the shape of the experimental adsorption isotherms and to correlate them with the individual adsorbate affinities for the LDH sample, as inferred from the calorimetry measurements of the cumulative enthalpy of displacement in single-solute systems. The discussion on the mechanisms of dye retention in the single- and multi-component systems was supplemented by experimental studies of such applicative aspects of sorption phenomena as kinetics, reversibility, and selectivity.Keywords: Layered double hydroxides, anion-exchange resin, Methyl Orange, Orange II, Orange G, Cr(VI), inorganic anions, single-solute and multi-solute adsorption, XRD study, isotherm titration calorimetry
Dhouieb, Insaf. "Étude de l'élimination du colorant textile Acid Blue 25 en solution aqueuse par adsorption sur charbons activés." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10040.
Повний текст джерелаThe removal of Acid Blue 25 textile dye from aqueous solution by adsorption onto various activated carbons was studied. The textural and chemical characteristics of these adsorbents have been assessed. The interpretation of the adsorption isotherms obtained with three commercial activated carbons used in the water treatment industry shows it is possible to remove low concentrations of Acid Blue 25 (50 mg/l) with yields higher than 99 %. Then, a series of activated carbons were prepared using olive wood charcoal obtained from the traditional carbonization of residues from the pruning of Tunisian olive trees. From the control of the degree of activation, an activated carbon as efficient as the commercial ones previously examined was obtained. This work shows that olive wood charcoal can be used to produce an activated carbon which is efficient to remove Acid Blue 25 from the textile industry wastewaters
Abidi, Nejib. "Interactions argiles naturelles-effluents teinturiers : influence des propriétés de surface des argiles et mécanismes d'adsorption des colorants." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAH005/document.
Повний текст джерелаIndustrial effluents from textile activities often have a high pollution load readily biodegradable. Previous work has shown the potential of natural untreated clays to clean up these dyers effluents although anionic dyes are not easily absorbable on these media. The effluents also contain other chemical compounds used in the different stages of the dyeing process, and which are of various natures (salts, acids, bases, detergents, enzyme derivatives, etc ...). It appears that these auxiliary products play a role in the adsorption of anionic dyes on untreated clay. However, no currently known study has examined the effect of the additives from the dyeing process on the adsorption of dye onto clay. This is the first study to focus on the dye-clay-additive system. Adsorption / desorption batch tests were conducted considering different dye additive-clay systems. The tests’ results show that the enzyme like additives enhance the adsorption of anionic dye on the clay by neutralizing the negative charges and reinforcing clay-dye links. Other additives have the opposite effect, but do not offset the positive effect of enzyme like additives when mixed in the effluent. Assumptions of interactions involved in dye adsorption were made with the help of the results of infrared and mass spectrometry, zetametry and the modeling of adsorption isotherms
Bouras, Omar. "Propriétés adsorbantes d'argiles pontées organophiles : synthèse et caractérisation." Limoges, 2003. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/7a19d27f-2377-4243-a550-c3a26af1edc9/blobholder:0/2003LIMO0001.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаA series of modified hydrophobic pillared clays were prepared by exchanging some polymeric cations from Al, Fe or Ti into interlamellar space of an algerian montmorillonite and then by coabsorption of surfactant cationic cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). The most favorable pillaring conditions of these different pillared complexes productions were function of the molar ratio OH (or H )/Metal, the final concentration and aging of pillaring solutions and the CTA/pillared montm ratio. These different inorgano-montmorillonites (CIM) and organo-inorgano-montmorillonites complexes (COIM) were characterized by XRD, BET surface area, FTIR spectroscopy, ATD/ATG, CEC, surface acidity and zetametry. The absorption of some micropollutants such as pentachlorophenol (PCP), diuron and its degradation products (dichlorophenyl-methyl urea, dichlorophenyl urea, and dichloroanilin), methyl parathion, sulfacid brilliant pink, humic acids (HA) onto COIM shows generally a very high absorbent-absorbate affinity. According to absorption isotherms under different conditions, the sorptive capacities of these new materials were considerably enhanced especially in acidic medium and with titanium and iron pillared clay. The absorption of PCP in competition with humic acids was considerably influenced by the presence of this organic compound with high molecular weight and hydrophobicity
Reffas, Abdelbaki. "Etude de l'adsorption de colorants organiques (Rouge Nylosan et Bleu de Méthylène) sur des charbons actifs préparés à partir du marc de café." Chambéry, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CHAMS041.
Повний текст джерелаActivated carbons were prepared by phosphoric acid activation from Arabica coffee grounds at different impregnation ratios (defined as the ratios of weight (g) of H3PO4 to the weight (g) of precursor) : 30, 60, 120 and 180 % by heating to 450 °C in air. The adsorption properties of the Prepared Activated Carbons (PACs) have been compared to a commercial activated carbon (CAC) (obtained by steam activation) and related to their preparation methods, porous structure and surface chemistry. The PACs and CAC were characterized for their surface chemistry by thermogravimetric analysis, Infra-Red spectroscopy, pH measurement of the point of zero charge (pHpzc), surface functional groups semi-quantitative titrations ("Boehm" method) and X-ray microanalysis; and for their porous structure and morphology by nitrogen adsorption at 77 K. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and methylene blue adsorption. The PACs and CAC were compared for their adsorption of "Nylosan Red N-2RBL" (Clariant) which is an anionic (azo) dye used in Nylon (polyamide 6 and polyamide 6. 6) dyeing
Berez, Amor. "Dépollution par l'argile naturelle d'effluents teinturiers : étude expérimentale et modélisation du processus d'adsorption / désorption en réacteur fermé et colonne de percolation." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAH007/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of the work is to study the adsorption-desorption process of an azo dye on natural clay from two Tunisian deposits. The laboratory experiment was conducted in a closed reactor (batch) and percolation column. In the first step, two types of clay were used. The kinetic study shows that the adsorption and desorption follow the pattern of a pseudo first order phenomenon. A Langmuir isotherm is fitted to the adsorption process, while the desorption isotherm is characterised by hysteresis. The adsorption capacity of the Gafsa clay is more pronounced than that of the Borj Chekir clay. The percolation column studies were conducted on a mixture of of Borj Chekir clay and medium sand H2F. Hydrodynamic parameters were determined using an inert tracer (fluorescein). The reactive transport study showed that an increase in clay percentage will increase retention, but, on the other hand when using a constant percentage of the clay-sand mixture, increasing the injection rate will decrease the retention capacity of the mixture. The output curves were then compared with the numerical results of a 1D reactive transport model incorporating two reversible and irreversible adsorption sites
Baouab, Mohamed Hassen V. "Cationisation de fibres textiles (naturelles et synthétiques) : application à la dépollution." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10134.
Повний текст джерелаCheknane, Benamar. "Contribution à l'étude de l'adsorption de colorants basiques d'effluents industriels sur une argile pontée granulée." Limoges, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIMO4058.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of the study was to prepare resistant and spherical inorgano-organo pillared clays (GIOC) granules for wastewater treatment using a new and simple method named high-shear wet granulation. To optimize the preparation method, the effects of the main process parameters, such as binder concentration, liquid to solid ratio and impeller speed on granule properties (size distribution, friability and disintegration tests) were investigated. Their use in the single-component adsorption systems and / or binary mixtures in a batch reactor, shows the effectiveness of this new generation of grain adsorbents (qmax> 350 mg/g at pH = 6) towards two basic dyes (Basic Yellow BY28 Yellow and Green Malachite G. M. ). Furthermore, the results of dynamic adsorption in fixed bed showed that the efficiency of bed is function of superficial velocity, the initial concentration of pollutant and the height of the adsorbent bed
Abidi, Nejib. "Interactions argiles naturelles-effluents teinturiers : influence des propriétés de surface des argiles et mécanismes d'adsorption des colorants." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAH005.
Повний текст джерелаIndustrial effluents from textile activities often have a high pollution load readily biodegradable. Previous work has shown the potential of natural untreated clays to clean up these dyers effluents although anionic dyes are not easily absorbable on these media. The effluents also contain other chemical compounds used in the different stages of the dyeing process, and which are of various natures (salts, acids, bases, detergents, enzyme derivatives, etc ...). It appears that these auxiliary products play a role in the adsorption of anionic dyes on untreated clay. However, no currently known study has examined the effect of the additives from the dyeing process on the adsorption of dye onto clay. This is the first study to focus on the dye-clay-additive system. Adsorption / desorption batch tests were conducted considering different dye additive-clay systems. The tests’ results show that the enzyme like additives enhance the adsorption of anionic dye on the clay by neutralizing the negative charges and reinforcing clay-dye links. Other additives have the opposite effect, but do not offset the positive effect of enzyme like additives when mixed in the effluent. Assumptions of interactions involved in dye adsorption were made with the help of the results of infrared and mass spectrometry, zetametry and the modeling of adsorption isotherms
Mei, Zhenying. "Valorisation des insectes comme source alternative de chitine et de chitosane pour les applications d'élimination des polluants et la bio-impression 3D." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04885373.
Повний текст джерелаChitin and chitosan have considerable potential for a number of applications in a variety of fields, including biotechnology, engineering, agriculture, the food industry, environmental sciences and so on, due to their distinctive properties and adaptability. Chitin is a linear polysaccharide composed of β-(1-4)-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) units. Chitosan is obtained by the partial deacetylation of chitin via removal of the acetyl groups from the GlcNAc units. The degree of deacetylation determines the extent of conversion from chitin to chitosan and impacts its physicochemical properties. Chitin and chitosan are derived mainly from seafood wastes (shrimps, lobsters, crabs, etc.). However, this resource is unable to support the growing needs and future projections for chitin and chitosan. The global chitin market size is set to be valued at around US dollars 1,801.3 million in 2023 and is anticipated to reach US dollars 5,746.2 million by 2033. Global demand for chitosan continues to rise at an annual rate of 15.4%. There is a pressing need for alternative and sustainable sources of chitin and chitosan to overcome limitations associated with conventional sources, and to investigate novel materials with enhanced properties. Hence, insects may be considered as an abundant and sustainable source of chitin and chitosan. Insects have rapid reproduction rates, short lifecycles, and require minimal resources for breeding, ensuring a consistent available supply of chitin and chitosan.This thesis provides a comprehensive review on the current state of insect-derived chitin and chitosan, focusing on their sources, production methods, characterization, physical and chemical properties, and various applications. Then, we investigated 11 different insect species as a starting material for chitin extraction and chitosan preparation. These include nine species belonging to Curculionidae family, Heteronitis castelnaui belonging to Scarabaeidae family, and Eurycantha calcarata belonging to Lonchodidae family. All the obtained chitin and chitosan was thoroughly characterized using various analytical techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Then the obtained Heteronitis castelnaui chitosan and Eurycantha calcarata chitosan were further investigated for the applications. Heteronitis castelnaui chitosan demonstrated excellent performance in the formation of hydrogels and exhibited remarkable adsorption capacity for methylene blue and methyl orange. Eurycantha calcarata chitosan-based hydrogel exhibited favorable 3D printability characteristics, high biocompatibility and non-toxic nature. These preliminary data confirm that these studied species may be considered as potential source of chitin and chitosan for industrial uses
Bentahar, Yassine. "Caractérisation physico-chimique des argiles marocaines : application à l’adsorption de l'arsenic et des colorants cationiques en solution aqueuse." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4081/document.
Повний текст джерелаToday drinking water resources are greatly reduced due to population increase accompanied by high industrialization and intensive agricultural development. Releases of varying micropollutants (pesticides, dyes, phenols ...) in the environment are increasing. These pollutants, toxic and poorly degradable, are usually the source of many harmful health effects. They also directly affect the balance of ecosystems following the deterioration of the quality of various environmental medium (soil, water, air). Hence the concern to develop methods that work to preserve water resources against pollution by treating polluted sources. The application of natural and abundant adsorbents like clay in the water treatment is a legitimate way to preserve the water capital. That is why my research is articulated around the physicochemical characterization of a series of natural clays sampled in the northern region of Morocco. Several techniques have been sought: XRD, XRF, FTIR, TGA, The BET-N2 specific surface area, electrophoresis. Furthermore the determination of some physicochemical properties such as CEC and TOC. This allowed us to establish a database with the different properties of these materials. This database may be sought to guide the use of these materials according to their nature. In a second step, we studied the adsorption of arsenic and organic contaminants (methylene blue and methylene violet) by clays. The kinetics of equilibrium adsorbent / adsorbate is an essential step to optimize the conditions for determination of adsorption isotherms
Marzougui, Zied. "Élaboration de Latex magnétique fonctionnalisée pour le traitement des eaux usées par adsorption." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1311/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this study was to prepare magnetic latex particles being magnetic core-polymer shell, able to remove heavy metals, cationic dyes and endocrine disrupting chemicals, by batch adsorption. These adsorbents were magnetically separated allows replacement of the heavy techniques such as centrifugation, sedimentation, and filtration by applying magnetic field.The results analysis in terms of colloidal and surface properties, transmission electron microscopy, hydrodynamic particle size, thermogravimetric analysis, and zeta-potential measurements, confirms the encapsulation of the magnetic core and the polymer shell, the surface functionalization of these particles, and the good colloidal stability. Heavy metals (Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+ and HCrO4-), methylene blue and Bisphenol A were taken as model of contaminants. Various physicochemical parameters influencing the adsorption phenomenon, which we have studied; the effect of adsorbents amount, the initial pH medium, the contact time, and the effect of the initial concentration of the pollutants. This study showed that the adsorption is fast and equilibrium is achieved within 30 min. The adsorption process is highly dependent on the initial pH. Adsorption capacities of the elaborated magnetic latex particles are very satisfactory when compared with different magnetic adsorbents reported in the literature. The adsorption kinetics for all the studied systems could be considered pseudo-second order model and the adsorption process of these elements by magnetic latex particles follows the Langmuir monolayer model. SOPAL wastewater sample load in heavy metals was analyzed by the prepared magnetic adsorbent. The results have enabled us to deduce that magnetic latex particles are effective for decontamination of real waste water. The prepared magnetic latex particles in this research can be recommended as fast, effective, and reusable for removal and recovery of metal ions from wastewater effluents
Serra, Bigas Elvira. "Adsorbents a partir de fangs biològics excedents de depuradora mitjançant l'aplicació de microones: estudi d'obtenció, caracterització i aplicació en fase líquida." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7781.
Повний текст джерелаEls fangs biològics són de naturalesa carbonosa i amb un alt contingut de matèria orgànica. Aquestes característiques, permeten la conversió del fang en un sòlid adsorbent de tipus carbonós. Aquesta conversió ofereix el doble benefici de reduir el volum de fang que ha de ser gestionat i alhora produir un adsorbent amb un cost inferior a la dels adsorbents convencionals (carbons actius comercials).
Fins el moment, els tractaments alta temperatura han demostrat la seva efectivitat per du a terme el procés de transformació dels excedents de fang biològic en un sòlid adsorbent carbonós (carbó actiu). Com a alternativa a aquests processos a alta temperatura, es proposa un nou procés d'obtenció d'un sòlid adsorbent carbonós a partir dels excedents de fangs biològics, mitjançant un tractament a baixa temperatura, combinant el tractament per microones amb l'addició d'un reactiu químic (H2SO4).
La present tesi analitza el tractament dels excedents de fangs biològics utilitzant un tractament mitjançant microones i l'addició d'àcid sulfúric (H2SO4), al mateix temps analitza la possibilitat d'utilitzar els sòlids adsorbents obtinguts per a millorar la qualitat de les aigües residuals.
Paràmetres d'operació com poden ser la quantitat d'àcid sulfúric addicionada al fang, el nivell de potència del forn microones i el temps de tractament, es modificaran per tal de determinar la influència que poden tenir sobre la qualitat del sòlid adsorbent. Un cop determinada la qualitat dels diferent sòlids adsorbents s'avalua la seva capacitat per a l'eliminació de colorant i metalls en fase líquida. Els resultats obtinguts es comparen amb els obtinguts per un carbó actiu derivat de fangs i un carbó actiu comercial.
The sewage sludge is produced by urban and industrial wastewater treatment plants. The treatment and disposal of sewage sludge is an expensive and environmentally sensitive problem growing world-wide. In recent years, sewage sludge is being generated in ever increasing amounts and meanwhile environmentally quality standards are becoming more stringent. Furthermore, with some traditional disposal routes coming under pressure and others being phased out, it is necessary to seek cost-effective and innovate solutions to the problem incurred by sewage sludge disposal.
Sewage sludge is carbonaceous in nature and rich in organic materials. Hence it has the potential to be converted into a useful carbonaceous adsorbent material. This conversion could offer the combined benefits of reducing the volume of sewage sludge and producing a valuable adsorbent with lower cost than commercial activated carbons.
At the moment, the high temperature treatments have been show the feasibility of the conversion of sewage sludge in an activated carbon. As alternative to these high temperature treatments, a novel way of carbonaceous adsorbent preparation was attempted combining microwaves heating and the addition of chemical compounds.
The possibility of obtaining a carbonaceous adsorbent material from surplus biological sludge has been investigated. This present work analyze the treatment of the sewage sludge using microwave heating and the addition of a chemical reagent (H2SO4), and the applications of the sludge based microwave treated adsorbent to improving the quality of the wastewater.
Operational parameters such as the amount of H2SO4 added, the level power of microwave oven and the processing time were modified to ascertain their influence on the quality of carbonaceous adsorbent obtained. Once determined the quality of the different carbonaceous adsorbent obtained, these adsorbents were employed for dye and metal removal in liquid phase. The results obtained were compared with the adsorption capacity of a sludge based activated carbon and a commercial activated carbon.
Meroufel, Bahia. "Adsorption des polluants organiques et inorganiques sur des substances naturelles : Kaolin, racines de Calotropis procera et noyaux de dattes." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0289/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe first aim of the studies presented in this thesis is to characterize a kaolin clay deposit in south-western Algerian region which has never been exploited, to improve the surface properties of the clay due to changes made by coating with an amino silane (APTES) or cationic exchange with a surfactant (CTAB), which allowed us to develop the active sites on the surface of this material. The prepared materials were characterized by XRD, TGA, FTIR and SEM. Two other vegetable materials of great abundance in the southwest Algerian who are the roots of the plant Calotropis Procera and Feggous date stones are also characterized. The second aim of this study is the application of these materials in removing different kinds of pollutants in aqueous solutions: heavy metals (Zn (II) and Mn (II)) and anionic and cationic synthetic dyes (Congo red and Purple gentian) to the effectiveness demonstration of the clay and vegetable materials to adsorb these pollutants. The study of adsorption is to discuss the effects of contact time, pH and initial concentration of the solute using a batch adsorption technique. The effect of temperature has achieved a thermodynamic study to define the nature of adsorption phenomena. In addition, different kinetic models (first and second order) and adsorption isotherms (Langmuir and Freundlich) are used to assess the ability of clay materials (K08, KC and KS) and vegetable materials (CP and ND) to adsorb such organic and inorganic pollutants. The natural clay (K08) showed good affinity towards all pollutants with remarkable adsorption capacity, this capacity has evolved considerably by modifications. The modified kaolin (KS) proves the best adsorbent for these types of pollutants (heavy metals and synthetic dyes). The roots of CP have a very good affinity for heavy metals, while the date stones give more remarkable results for biosorption dyes
Kaewprasit, Chongrak. "Contribution a l'estimation de la surface specifique des fibres de coton : relations entre surface et proprietes physiques." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20099.
Повний текст джерелаTomao, Valérie. "Contribution à l'étude de l'utilisation de la b-cyclodextrine en électrophorèse capillaire et préparative." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30011.
Повний текст джерелаRazzaq, Wasif. "Microfluidic spinning of polymer microfibers : effect of operating parameters on morphology and properties towards the development of novel and smart materials." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022STRAE004.
Повний текст джерелаMicrofluidic spinning is an emerging technology to produce micro/nanofibers which have a significant potential in advanced applications such as tissue engineering, wearable electronics, drug delivery, and water harvesting. In microfluidic spinning, fibers with controlled diameters and morphologies could be easily produced by precisely manipulating the fluids flow and the geometry of the microfluidic device. The purpose of this doctoral project was to develop expertise and skills in the field of microfluidic spinning to produce polymer fibers using UV photopolymerization of the monomers using a capillary-based microfluidic device with the following objectives : (1) the development of an empirical relationship to predict the fiber diameter considering the different operating and materials parameters, (2) the production of Janus/Hecate fibers from monomers with different chemical and physical properties with controllability of morphological and mechanical properties that were explored to remove simultaneously cationic and anionic dyes and to prepare thermoresponsive Janus fiber actuators, and (3) the development of an in-process rapid surface modification approach to modify the surface of fibers
Drici, Nawal. "Hydroxydes doubles lamellaires, synthèse, caractérisation et propriétés." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD007/document.
Повний текст джерелаNew layered double hydroxides (LDHs) CoFe-Ac, CoNiFe-Ac, ZnNiFe-Ac and ZnCoFe-Acwith MII/MIII molar ratio of 3, and acetate ions in the interlayer region have been preparedusing forced hydrolysis of acetate metallic salts in a polyol medium. The structure,morphology and properties of as-prepared product were investigated by X-ray Diffraction(XRD), FT-IR Spectroscopy, elemental analysis, transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM),Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), thermal analysis (DTA, TGA) and V-visibleSpectroscopy: showed that these nanocomposites present the typical features of hydrotalcitelikestructure, exhibit a turbostratic character and the intercalation of acetate anions into theinterlayer domain has been successfully done, giving an interlayer spacing value of 12.70,12.47, 13.64 and 14.69 Å for CoFe-Ac, CoNiFe-Ac, ZnNiFe-Ac and ZnCoFe-Acrespectively.We can note that there is some difference between the interlayer spacing for all synthesizedphases. That can be explained by the arrangement of inserted species (anions + water) indifferent orientation in the interlayer domain.57Fe Mössbauer spectrometry allows concluding the presence of Fe3+ cations which occupyoctahedral sites and confirming the absence of Fe2+ in the as-prepared compounds.In order to check the capacity of our materials synthesized in polyol medium to exchange theacetate anions inserted in their interlamellar space, anionic exchange in aqueous medium waseffected for CoFe-Ac compound as à model of synthesized LDH. All the physicochemicalmethods of analysis (DRX, IR, ATD/ATG and elemental analysis) carried out on the materialCoFe- Ac /EC (exchanged). The comparison with a lamellar phase containing oFeCO3/Asynthesized in aqueous medium, show a layered double hydroxide compound with aturbostratic disorder, and a new interlamellar distance d003 = 7.67Å which correspondsperfectly with the presence of the carbonate anions and the water molecules in the interfeuilletfield.In the second part of this study, we are interested to examine the capacities of these kinds ofmaterials for the adsorption of an anion dye benzopurpurine-4B-. The adsorption of direct red2 by CoFe-Ac, CoNiFe-Ac LDHs has been examined in order to measure the capability ofthis new organic/inorganic nanomaterial to eliminate this highly toxic azoic class of anionicdyes from wastewater. The sorption capacities of LDHs for Benzopurpurine4B are also compared with those of other adsorbents : CoFe- Ac /Ec, CoFeCO3/A (synthesized in aqueous medium), Mg-Al-CO3/A and its calcined product at 500°C “Mg-Al-500”. The quantity of dye eliminated was found to depend on contact time, pH, initial concentration of dye and heating temperature. The thermodynamic parameters ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS° werecalculated to predict the nature of adsorption. Results suggested that the Benzopurpurine 4B adsorption on different compounds was a spontaneous and endothermic process. Adsorption kinetic data were tested using pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovitch’sequation and intra-particle diffusion models. Kinetic studies for all cases showed that the adsorption followed a pseudo-second order reaction. Studies revealed that intra-particle diffusion played an important role in the mechanism of dye adsorption by MgAl-500. Theequilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, Elovitch, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Redlich-Peterson and Toth isotherm models. [...] Taking these results into account, we can conclude that prepared LDHs by forced hydrolysis in a polyol medium can be used successfully in the removal of anionic dyes from aqueous solutions
Mohamed, Elham Farouk. "Removal of organic compounds from water by adsorption and photocatalytic oxidation." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0036/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn order to explore a new sequential process for water treatment its two steps, adsorption on activated carbon and in situ photocatalytic oxidative regeneration, were investigated successively. Several commercial activated carbons (AC) and sewage sludge based activated carbons (SBAC) were tested with several phenols and one dye as pollutants. Despite low BET surface SBAC exhibits convenient adsorption properties. Photocatalysis on TiO2 was carried out with several materials to achieve activated carbon adsorption- egeneration process: a multilayer tissue with fixed granular AC and TiO2 on a sheet, a composite with TiO2, CVD deposited on AC, and AC-TiO2 powder mixture for comparison. Promising results were obtained especially with TiO2 deposited on AC proving the vicinity of adsorption and photocatalytic sites to be beneficial
Veravong, Sudarath. "Contribution à l'étude des phénomène d'adsorption de colorant par les fibres cellulosiques papetières : cas particulier de bleu méthylène." Phd thesis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00446077/en/.
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