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1
Korra, Sampath, D. Vasumathi, and A. Vinaybabu. "A Novel Approach for Building Adaptive Components using Top-Down Analysis." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.19 (November 27, 2018): 1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.19.28282.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Developing reusable components are one of the main objectives of component-based software engineering. They play a crucial role in the field of application development and support. CBSE use certain architectural patterns and infrastructures of standard software to increase overall product quality. CBSE apply two parallel engineering activities, domain engineering and component-based development (CBD). Domain analysis explores the application domain with the intent of finding functional, behavioural, and data components that are candidates for reuse and places them in the reuse repository. Strategies for developing adaptive reusable components using top-down domain analysis leads to good quality in the component. Domain analysis promotes strategies and models that have been developed for their specific areas. Therefore, these models are suitable for their own domain, but may not be entirely suitable for domain analysis of other domains. So, developing the reusable components using the top down domain analyses existing components. This paper describes how to build a domain to use top-down analysis of reusable software components.
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Cellucci, Cristiana. "Circular economy strategies for adaptive reuse of residential building." VITRUVIO - International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.15404.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p class="Abstracttext-VITRUVIOCxSpFirst">The paper deals with the issue of the regeneration of the existing building heritage by framing the problems that characterize the relationships between users-buildings-neighbourhoods in a circular vision. Circular Economy concepts are well suited to the building and construction sector in cities. For example, refurbishing and adaptively reusing underutilized or abandoned buildings can revitalize neighborhoods whilst achieving environmental benefits. A systematic review of the literature and case studies has led to the identification of three areas of action of the CE in the regeneration of the built environment: a Macro-level (the public space), a Micro-level (the single component), a Meso-level (the building). However, the traditional approach of carrying out timely interventions aimed at responding to individual problems, be they of a structural, energetic, functional nature, relating to the building, the context or the single component is not entirely effective in terms of reformulation of the building characteristics. In this perspective, the paper suggests strategies of circular regeneration of residential buildings through adaptive solutions at room level, home level and urban in pursuit of human wellbeing.</p>
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NAKAJIMA, TATSUO, and HIROYUKI AIZU. "MIDDLEWARE FOR BUILDING ADAPTIVE MIGRATORY CONTINUOUS MEDIA APPLICATIONS." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 11, no. 01 (February 2001): 83–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194001000438.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, we propose a middleware system for building adaptive migratory continuous media applications. In future computing environments, a variety of objects at home and in offices will embed computers, and various applications will be moved among these computers according to the user's locations. For example, a computer that executes an application may be changed to another computer according to the location of the application's user for monitoring his behavior. However, since the computers may have dramatically different hardware and software configurations, the application cannot be moved without taking into account the configurations of the computers that the application is migrated. Therefore, migratory applications should be aware of environments where they are executed. The paper focuses on middleware for building adaptive migratory continuous media applications that are one of the most important classes of migratory applications. Our middleware consists of three components. The first component is an environment server that monitors computing environments that applications run, and it notifies the changes of the environments to the applications. The second component is a continuous media toolkit that enables us to build adaptive migratory continuous media applications easily. The toolkit enables us to build continuous media applications in a highly configurable way. This makes applications to be adapted to every computing environment by changing their configurations. The third component is a migration manager that makes applications migratory. We also show an example of a migratory application, and describe some experiences with building the application.
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Tan, Yongtao, Chenyang Shuai, and Tian Wang. "Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for the Adaptive Reuse of Industrial Buildings in Hong Kong." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 7 (July 21, 2018): 1546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15071546.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
With the economic restructuring during the 1980s and 1990s in Hong Kong, most manufacturing plants were relocated to China and many industrial buildings were left neglected or vacant. At the same time, owing to limited land supply, a shortage of affordable housing has been a problem in Hong Kong for many years. Adaptive reuse of industrial buildings may be a way of solving this problem. However, adaptive reuse is not an easy decision because there are many factors affecting adaptive reuse. Therefore, this paper examines the current situation of adaptive reuse of industrial buildings in Hong Kong and identifies a list of factors affecting the adaptive reuse of industrial buildings. Six factors are considered Critical Success Factors (CSFs). Based on a Principal Component Analysis, 33 factors are grouped into eight principal components, namely, sustainability, economics and finance, the market, changeability, location and neighborhood, culture and public interests, legal and regulatory matters, and the physical condition of the building. The identified CSFs and principal factors provide a useful reference for various stakeholders to have a clear understanding of the adaptive reuse of industrial buildings in Hong Kong, especially for the government to review current policies of adaptive reuse.
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QIAN, TAO, I. T. HO, I. T. LEONG, and YANBO WANG. "ADAPTIVE DECOMPOSITION OF FUNCTIONS INTO PIECES OF NON-NEGATIVE INSTANTANEOUS FREQUENCIES." International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing 08, no. 05 (September 2010): 813–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219691310003791.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We introduce the concept of adaptive decomposition of signals into basic building blocks, of which each of the non-negative analytic instantaneous frequency are called mono-components. We propose certain methods based on p-starlike functions and Fourier expansions for such decomposition. We justify the terminology mono-component used in signal analysis.
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Pu, Chenghan, and Wenxiang Zhou. "Aero-engine Model Correction Technology Based on Adaptive Neural Network." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2187, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2187/1/012064.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract In this paper, a neural network-based algorithm is proposed to adapt the performance maps of engine component models for the mismatches between aero-engine simulation models and actual engine characteristics. Based on the general characteristics data of rotating components in GasTurb, a neural network capable of calculating the efficiency and mass flow of rotating components is trained. This neural network is introduced into the engine nonlinear component model to calculate the deviation between the output parameter of each section of the engine component model and the real engine performance indicators. The linear relationship between the parameters of the nonlinear model is solved by applying perturbation theory. The error between the output characteristics of the neural network and the real engine component characteristics is derived based on the simulation error, which makes the neural network is further optimized so that it can track the current real engine performance. In this paper, a model of one turboshaft engine is used as the simulation object, and the simulation of component model building and performance maps adaptation is carried out. The simulation results show that the proposed performance maps adaptation algorithm can effectively improve the accuracy of the component-level model of the turboshaft engine, and is applicable to model correction of various types of gas turbine engines.
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Rodríguez-Gracia, Diego, José A. Piedra-Fernández, Luis Iribarne, Javier Criado, Rosa Ayala, Joaquín Alonso-Montesinos, and Capobianco-Uriarte Maria de las Mercedes. "Microservices and Machine Learning Algorithms for Adaptive Green Buildings." Sustainability 11, no. 16 (August 9, 2019): 4320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164320.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years, the use of services for Open Systems development has consolidated and strengthened. Advances in the Service Science and Engineering (SSE) community, promoted by the reinforcement of Web Services and Semantic Web technologies and the presence of new Cloud computing techniques, such as the proliferation of microservices solutions, have allowed software architects to experiment and develop new ways of building open and adaptable computer systems at runtime. Home automation, intelligent buildings, robotics, graphical user interfaces are some of the social atmosphere environments suitable in which to apply certain innovative trends. This paper presents a schema for the adaptation of Dynamic Computer Systems (DCS) using interdisciplinary techniques on model-driven engineering, service engineering and soft computing. The proposal manages an orchestrated microservices schema for adapting component-based software architectural systems at runtime. This schema has been developed as a three-layer adaptive transformation process that is supported on a rule-based decision-making service implemented by means of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms. The experimental development was implemented in the Solar Energy Research Center (CIESOL) applying the proposed microservices schema for adapting home architectural atmosphere systems on Green Buildings.
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Nadal, Jean-Pierre, and Nestor Parga. "Redundancy Reduction and Independent Component Analysis: Conditions on Cumulants and Adaptive Approaches." Neural Computation 9, no. 7 (October 1, 1997): 1421–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.1997.9.7.1421.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the context of both sensory coding and signal processing, building factorized codes has been shown to be an efficient strategy. In a wide variety of situations, the signal to be processed is a linear mixture of statistically independent sources. Building a factorized code is then equivalent to performing blind source separation. Thanks to the linear structure of the data, this can be done, in the language of signal processing, by finding an appropriate linear filter, or equivalently, in the language of neural modeling, by using a simple feedforward neural network. In this article, we discuss several aspects of the source separation problem. We give simple conditions on the network output that, if satisfied, guarantee that source separation has been obtained. Then we study adaptive approaches, in particular those based on redundancy reduction and maximization of mutual information. We show how the resulting updating rules are related to the BCM theory of synaptic plasticity. Eventually we briefly discuss extensions to the case of nonlinear mixtures. Through out this article, we take care to put into perspective our work with other studies on source separation and redundancy reduction. In particular we review algebraic solutions, pointing out their simplicity but also their drawbacks.
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Haentzsche, Eric, Moritz Frauendorf, Andreas Nocke, Chokri Cherif, Michaela Reichardt, Marko Butler, and Viktor Mechtcherine. "Multifunctional components from carbon concrete composite C3 – integrated, textile-based sensor solutions for in situ structural monitoring of adaptive building envelopes." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 23 (September 11, 2017): 2699–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517729385.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This contribution will introduce carbon-reinforced concrete components (so-called carbon concrete composites, or C3) with sensor functionalities for innovative building envelopes. For a continuous in situ structural monitoring, these textile-reinforced concrete components are equipped with textile sensor networks consisting of resistive carbon fiber sensors (CFSs), which are integrated into the carbon fiber non-crimp fabrics of the concrete reinforcement by multiaxial warp-knitting. The in situ CFSs, consisting of 1 k or 50 k carbon fiber roving with added staple fiber/multifilament dielectric cladding, are later integral to the load-distributing elements of the concrete component, and elongations within these are easy to record with good correlation to ohmic resistance changes. Gage factors of k = 0.52–1.23 at linearity deviations of ALin = 4.0–8.7% are feasible. This allows a monitoring of C3 building envelopes for structural mechanical changes caused by physical changes within the component through mechanical or thermal loads or deformation and cracks.
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Shen, Ying, Jun Hai Cao, Wei Wu, and Ming Fang Ni. "Devising Adaptive Environment Agent for Reliability Analysis of Materiel System." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 3196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.3196.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
After building the system structure model of materiel system reliability simulation based on Adaptive Agent, it emphasizes devising thinking on Adaptive Agent, which apperceives or responds change of system and environment and adjusts automatically failure generating algorithm, and provides devising thinking and reference on other Adaptive Agent in the frame, not only to simulate component action in the complex environment , then to mission environment-oriented reliability analysis for materiel system, establishes a better operational and current reference technology model.
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O. Efeoma, Meshack, and Ola Uduku. "Assessing thermal comfort and energy efficiency in tropical African offices using the adaptive approach." Structural Survey 32, no. 5 (November 4, 2014): 396–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ss-03-2014-0015.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to adduce the most appropriate thermal comfort assessment method for determining human thermal comfort and energy efficient temperature control in office buildings in tropical West Africa. Design/methodology/approach – This paper examines the Adaptive Thermal Comfort Standard, from its research evolution to its contemporary use as an environmental design assessment Standard. It compares the adaptive component of ASHRAE Standard 55 and the European CEN/EN 15251. It begins by reviewing relevant literature and then produces a comparative analysis of the two standards, before suggesting the most appropriate Adaptive Thermal Comfort Standard for use in assessing conditions in tropical climate conditions. The suggested Standard was then used to analyse data collected from the author's pilot research into thermal conditions, in five office buildings situated in the city of Enugu, South Eastern Nigeria. Findings – The paper provides insight as to why the ASHRAE adaptive model is more suitable for thermal comfort assessment of office buildings in the tropical West African climate. This was demonstrated by using the ASHRAE Thermal Comfort Standard to assess comfort conditions from pilot research study data collected on Nigerian office buildings by the author. Originality/value – The paper compares the adaptive component of ASHRAE Standard 55 with CEN/EN 15251, and their different benefits for use in tropical climates. It suggested the need for further research studies and application of the ASHRAE Adaptive Thermal Comfort Standard in the tropical West African climate.
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Owojori, Oluwatobi, Chioma Okoro, and Nicholas Chileshe. "Current Status and Emerging Trends on the Adaptive Reuse of Buildings: A Bibliometric Analysis." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 21, 2021): 11646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111646.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The emerging demand for sustainable development and the need for efficient use of resources across the built environment have stirred research efforts globally. The construction sector is often regarded as one of the major world consumers of resources, so many international establishments are trying to create a sustainable environment through adaptive reuse of existing building stocks, a concept which has been receiving momentous recognition by reason of its richly diversified applicability for circular economy. Thus, profound knowledge of the topic and research trends is requisite to promote scholarship. For this analysis, the global research developments in adaptive reuse are assessed according to published documents, co-authorship, geographical distribution and keyword- co-occurrences. From the Scopus directory, 227 journal articles published from 2006 to 2021 were retrieved. Results showed that from 2006, published documents rose by 221 articles. About 29% of the publications were from Italy and the United Kingdom. Among the articles, 110 were from the subject area of environmental science (48.5%), while the subject area of engineering represents 104 publications (45.8%). Recent progress in adaptive reuse in building and construction includes, but not limited to: (i) component and materials reuse and technology, (ii) life cycle assessment, (iii) economic assessment and multi-criteria decision making and (iv) regulatory policies and stakeholders’ analysis. The findings are important to furnish all relevant personnel in the academic and industries with a broad perception of the status and potential emerging trends on the adaptive reuse of buildings.
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Wang, Qian, Yongwook Kim, Joseph Nafash, and Javier Catala. "An adaptive augmented radial basis function–high-dimensional model representation method for structural engineering optimization." Advances in Structural Engineering 23, no. 15 (June 29, 2020): 3278–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433220931217.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A new engineering optimization approach using an adaptive metamodeling method is developed and studied. The adaptive metamodels are based on a high-dimensional model representation framework, and the high-dimensional model representation component functions are created using radial basis functions or augmented radial basis functions. The proposed optimization approach starts with an explicit first-order augmented radial basis function–high-dimensional model representation metamodel, before a numerical optimization algorithm is applied. In each subsequent iteration, an additional sample point is found, and a high-order high-dimensional model representation component function is created and added to the first-order augmented radial basis function–high-dimensional model representation metamodel. The accuracy of the augmented radial basis function–high-dimensional model representation metamodel is improved in an adaptive manner, especially in the neighborhood of the optimal design point. Several numerical examples are solved to demonstrate the method, including a practical three-dimensional reinforced concrete high-rise building structure. The proposed approach works well, and the convergence of the optimal solutions for each of the examples is obtained within a few adaptive iterations.
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Yang, Xu, Guobin Chang, Qianxin Wang, Shubi Zhang, Ya Mao, and Xiongchuan Chen. "An adaptive Kalman filter based on variance component estimation for a real-time ZTD solution." Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica 54, no. 1 (January 29, 2019): 89–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40328-019-00247-7.
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Zhou, Wenxiang, Sangwei Lu, Wenjie Kai, Jichang Wu, Chenyang Zhang, and Feng Lu. "A Novel Adaptive Generation Method for Initial Guess Values of Component-Level Aero-Engine Start-Up Models." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 14, 2023): 3468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043468.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To solve the difficult problem of selecting initial guess values for component-level aero-engine start-up models, a novel method based on the flow-based back-calculation algorithm (FBBCA) is investigated. By exploiting the monotonic feature of low-speed aero-engine component characteristics and the principle of flow balance abided by components in the start-up process, this method traverses all the flows in each component characteristic at a given engine rotor speed. This method also limits the pressure ratios and flow rates of each component, along with the surplus power of the high-pressure rotor. Finally, a set of “fake initial values” for iterative calculation of the aero-engine start-up model can be generated and approximate true initial guess values that meet the accuracy requirement according to the Newton–Raphson iteration method. Extensive simulation verifies the low computational cost and high computational accuracy of this method as a solver for the initial guess values of the aero-engine start-up model.
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Frénot, Stéphane, Frédéric Le Mouël, Julien Ponge, and Guillaume Salagnac. "Various Extensions for the Ambient OSGi Framework." International Journal of Adaptive, Resilient and Autonomic Systems 2, no. 3 (July 2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jaras.2011070101.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
OSGi is a wrapper above the Java Virtual Machine that embraces two concepts: component approach and service-oriented programming. The component approach enables a Java run-time to host several concurrent applications, while the service-oriented programming paradigm allows the decomposition of applications into independent units that are dynamically bound at runtime. Combining component and service-oriented programming greatly simplifies the implementation of highly adaptive, constantly evolving applications. This, in turn, is an ideal match to the requirements and constraints of ambient intelligence computing, such as adaptation to changes associated with context evolution. OSGi particularly fits ambient requirements and constraints by absorbing and adapting to changes associated with context evolution. However, OSGi needs to be finely tuned in order to integrate ambient specific issues. This paper focuses on Zero-configuration architecture, Multi-provider framework, and Limited resource requirements. The authors studied many OSGi improvements that should be taken into account when building OSGi-based gateways. This paper summarizes the INRIA Amazones teamwork (http://amazones.gforge.inria.fr/) on extending OSGi specifications and implementations to cope with ambient concerns. This paper references three main concerns: management, isolation, and security.
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WANG, Wei-Chih, Tymur BILOZEROV, Ren-Jye DZENG, Fan-Yi HSIAO, and Kun-Chi WANG. "CONCEPTUAL COST ESTIMATIONS USING NEURO-FUZZY AND MULTI-FACTOR EVALUATION METHODS FOR BUILDING PROJECTS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 23, no. 1 (January 19, 2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.948908.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
During the conceptual phase of a construction project, numerous uncertainties make accurate cost estimation challenging. This work develops a new model to calculate conceptual costs of building projects for effective cost control. The proposed model integrates four mathematical techniques (sub-models), namely, (1) the component ratios sub-model, (2) fuzzy adaptive learning control network (FALCON) and fast messy genetic algorithm (fmGA) based sub-model, (3) regression sub-model, and (4) multi-factor evaluation sub-model. While the FALCON- and fmGA-based sub-model trains the historical cost data, three other sub-models assess the inputs systematically to estimate the cost of a new project. This study also closely examines the behavior of the proposed model by evaluating two modified models without considering fmGA and undertaking sensitivity analysis. Evaluation results indicate that, with the ability to more thoroughly respond to the project characteristics, the proposed model has a high probability of increasing estimation accuracies more than the three conventional methods, i.e., average unit cost, component ratios, and linear regression methods.
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Rossi, Francesca, and Nicholas Mattei. "Building Ethically Bounded AI." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 9785–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33019785.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The more AI agents are deployed in scenarios with possibly unexpected situations, the more they need to be flexible, adaptive, and creative in achieving the goal we have given them. Thus, a certain level of freedom to choose the best path to the goal is inherent in making AI robust and flexible enough. At the same time, however, the pervasive deployment of AI in our life, whether AI is autonomous or collaborating with humans, raises several ethical challenges. AI agents should be aware and follow appropriate ethical principles and should thus exhibit properties such as fairness or other virtues. These ethical principles should define the boundaries of AI’s freedom and creativity. However, it is still a challenge to understand how to specify and reason with ethical boundaries in AI agents and how to combine them appropriately with subjective preferences and goal specifications. Some initial attempts employ either a data-driven examplebased approach for both, or a symbolic rule-based approach for both. We envision a modular approach where any AI technique can be used for any of these essential ingredients in decision making or decision support systems, paired with a contextual approach to define their combination and relative weight. In a world where neither humans nor AI systems work in isolation, but are tightly interconnected, e.g., the Internet of Things, we also envision a compositional approach to building ethically bounded AI, where the ethical properties of each component can be fruitfully exploited to derive those of the overall system. In this paper we define and motivate the notion of ethically-bounded AI, we describe two concrete examples, and we outline some outstanding challenges.
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Soto, Ricardo, Broderick Crawford, Wenceslao Palma, Eric Monfroy, Rodrigo Olivares, Carlos Castro, and Fernando Paredes. "Top-kBased Adaptive Enumeration in Constraint Programming." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/580785.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Constraint programming effectively solves constraint satisfaction and optimization problems by basically building, pruning, and exploring a search tree of potential solutions. In this context, a main component is the enumeration strategy, which is responsible for selecting the order in which variables and values are selected to build a possible solution. This process is known to be quite important; indeed a correct selection can reach a solution without failed explorations. However, it is well known that selecting the right strategy is quite challenging as their performance is notably hard to predict. During the last years, adaptive enumeration appeared as a proper solution to this problem. Adaptive enumeration allows the solving algorithm being able to autonomously modifying its strategies in solving time depending on performance information. In this way, the most suitable order for variables and values is employed along the search. In this paper, we present a new and more lightweight approach for performing adaptive enumeration. We incorporate a powerful classification technique named Top-kin order to adaptively select strategies along the resolution. We report results on a set of well-known benchmarks where the proposed approach noticeably competes with classical and modern adaptive enumeration methods for constraint satisfaction.
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Mahato, Swarup, Meda Vinay Teja, and Arunasis Chakraborty. "Adaptive HHT (AHHT) based modal parameter estimation from limited measurements of an RC-framed building under multi-component earthquake excitations." Structural Control and Health Monitoring 22, no. 7 (January 12, 2015): 984–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stc.1727.
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Mwadzingeni, Liboster, Raymond Mugandani, and Paramu L. Mafongoya. "Socio-demographic, institutional and governance factors influencing adaptive capacity of smallholder irrigators in Zimbabwe." PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 29, 2022): e0273648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273648.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The provision of resilience and adaptation to climate change to smallholder irrigation communities is a critical component in implementing common pool resource management. Institutions in many smallholder irrigation schemes in developing countries are diverse and have potential to contribute to building climate resilience and improving livelihoods of smallholder irrigator. Human behaviour, institutional capacity and culture play important roles in shaping adaptive capacity of communities to climate change. Although much is known about how these contribute to this adaptive capacity, research focusing on their interaction is limited. In order to close this the gap, this study seeks to explore how socio-demographic, governance and institutional factors influence adaptive capacity in Exchange, Insukamini and Ruchanyu irrigation schemes. Questionnaire-based interviews, group discussions and key informant interviews were used for data collection. Adaptive capacity calculated using the livelihood vulnerability model was used as the dependent variable for this study. Ordinary least square regression was used to assess socio-demographic, institutional and governance factors influencing adaptive capacity in the smallholder irrigation scheme. The study reveals that adaptive capacity is influenced by age, gender, education, land tenure security, irrigation committee satisfaction, cooperatives, and interaction of factors. The link between age and gender were negatively moderated by awareness of irrigation policies, access to credit and land tenure security. Assessing factors influencing adaptive capacity help to improve the livelihoods of scheme farmers in the face of climate change.
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Zhao, Yuntian, Maxwell Toothman, James Moyne, and Kira Barton. "An Adaptive Modeling Framework for Bearing Failure Prediction." Electronics 11, no. 2 (January 14, 2022): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11020257.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Rolling element bearings are a common component in rotating equipment, a class of machines that is essential in a wide range of industries. Detecting and predicting bearing failures is then vital for reducing maintenance and production costs due to unplanned downtime. In previous literature, significant efforts have been devoted to building data-driven health models from historical bearing data. However, a common limitation is that these methods are typically tailored to specific failure instances and have limited ability to model bearing failures between repairs in the same system. In this paper, we propose a multi-state health model to predict bearing failures before they occur. The model employs a regression-based method to detect health state transition points and applies an exponential random coefficient model with a Bayesian updating process to estimate time-to-failure distributions. A model training framework is also introduced to make our proposed model applicable to more bearing instances in the same system setting. The proposed method has been tested on a publicly available bearing prognostics dataset. Case study results show that the proposed method provides accurate failure predictions across several system failures, and that the training approach can significantly reduce the time necessary to generate an effective, generalized model.
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Syafrizal, Syafrizal, and Haerudin Haerudin. "THE IMPLEMENTATION OF VOCABULARY BUILDING STRATEGY IN TEACHING ENGLISH VOCABULARY TO YOUNG LEARNERS." Jo-ELT (Journal of English Language Teaching) Fakultas Pendidikan Bahasa & Seni Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris IKIP 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/jo-elt.v5i1.2296.
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Vocabulary as one of English component and it’s very important to learn. Before the students master the four skills they have to know some vocabularies to support them in learning English. English vocabulary as one of the language skill elements has an important role for young learners in learning foreign languages. In presenting English, especially vocabulary, the teacher should be creative in choosing materials and able to stimulate the student's interest. The teacher needs to manipulate some strategies to support the teaching and learning process. Teaching English for young learner is different from teaching adults in a way that they are often more enthusiastic, active and easily adaptive than adults. The type of this research is descriptive qualitative research. This research is a descriptive qualitative research that focuses on vocabulary building strategy in teaching vocabulary to young learners. It describes the technique and method used by the teacher in teaching English vocabulary to young learner.
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Wang, Qian, Boyan Cai, Yajie Yu, and Hui Cao. "Spectral Quantitative Analysis Model with Combining Wavelength Selection and Topology Structure Optimization." Journal of Spectroscopy 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5616503.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Spectroscopy is an efficient and widely used quantitative analysis method. In this paper, a spectral quantitative analysis model with combining wavelength selection and topology structure optimization is proposed. For the proposed method, backpropagation neural network is adopted for building the component prediction model, and the simultaneousness optimization of the wavelength selection and the topology structure of neural network is realized by nonlinear adaptive evolutionary programming (NAEP). The hybrid chromosome in binary scheme of NAEP has three parts. The first part represents the topology structure of neural network, the second part represents the selection of wavelengths in the spectral data, and the third part represents the parameters of mutation of NAEP. Two real flue gas datasets are used in the experiments. In order to present the effectiveness of the methods, the partial least squares with full spectrum, the partial least squares combined with genetic algorithm, the uninformative variable elimination method, the backpropagation neural network with full spectrum, the backpropagation neural network combined with genetic algorithm, and the proposed method are performed for building the component prediction model. Experimental results verify that the proposed method has the ability to predict more accurately and robustly as a practical spectral analysis tool.
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Edr, Antonín, Dominika Wrobel, Alena Krupková, Lucie Červenková Šťastná, Petra Cuřínová, Aleš Novák, Jan Malý, et al. "Adaptive Synthesis of Functional Amphiphilic Dendrons as a Novel Approach to Artificial Supramolecular Objects." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 4 (February 14, 2022): 2114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23042114.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Supramolecular structures, such as micelles, liposomes, polymerosomes or dendrimerosomes, are widely studied and used as drug delivery systems. The behavior of amphiphilic building blocks strongly depends on their spatial distribution and shape of polar and nonpolar component. This report is focused on the development of new versatile synthetic protocols for amphiphilic carbosilane dendrons (amp-CS-DDNs) capable of self-assembly to regular micelles and other supramolecular objects. The presented strategy enables the fine modification of amphiphilic structure in several ways and also enables the facile connection of a desired functionality. DLS experiments demonstrated correlations between structural parameters of amp-CS-DDNs and the size of formed nanoparticles. For detailed information about the organization and spatial distribution of amp-CS-DDNs assemblies, computer simulation models were studied by using molecular dynamics in explicit water.
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Nawari. "A Generalized Adaptive Framework (GAF) for Automating Code Compliance Checking." Buildings 9, no. 4 (April 16, 2019): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings9040086.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Building design review is the procedure of checking a design against codes and standard provisions to satisfy the accuracy of the design and identify non-compliances before construction begins. The current approaches for conducting the design review process in an automatic or semi-automatic manner are either based on proprietary, domain-specific or hard-coded rule-based mechanisms. These methods may be effective in their specific applications, but they have the downsides of being costly to maintain, inflexible to modify, and lack a generalized framework of rules and regulations modeling that can adapt to various engineering design realms, and thus don’t support a neutral data standard. They are often referred to as 'Black Box' or ‘Gray Box’ approaches. This research offers a new comprehensive framework that reduces the limitations of the cited methods. Building regulations, for instance, are legal documents transcribed and approved by professionals to be interpreted and applied by people. They are hardly as precise as formal logic. Engineers, architects, and contractors can read those technical documents and transform them into scientific notations and software applications. They can extract any data they need, reason about it, and apply it at various phases of the project. How these extraction and use are carried out is a critical component of automating the design review process. The chief goal is to address this issue by developing a Generalized Adaptive Framework (GAF) for a neutral data standard (Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)) that enables automating the code compliance checking processes to achieve design efficiency and cost-effectiveness. The objectives of this study comprise i) to develop a theoretical background to an adaptive framework that supports a neutral data standard for transforming the written code regulations and rules into a computable model, and ii) to define the various modules required for computerizing of the code compliance verification process.
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Hiller, Jonathan, Joni Mici, and Hod Lipson. "Layered assemblers for scalable parallel integration." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 17, no. 171 (October 2020): 20200543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2020.0543.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Many complex natural and artificial systems are composed of large numbers of elementary building blocks, such as organisms made of many biological cells or processors made of many electronic transistors. This modular substrate is essential to the evolution of biological and technological complexity, but has been difficult to replicate for mechanical systems. This study seeks to answer if layered assembly can engender exponential gains in the speed and efficacy of block or cell-based manufacturing processes. A key challenge is how to deterministically assemble large numbers of small building blocks in a scalable manner. Here, we describe two new layered assembly principles that allow assembly faster than linear time, integrating n modules in O( n 2/3 ) and O( n 1/3 ) time: one process uses a novel opto-capillary effect to selectively deposit entire layers of building blocks at a time, and a second process jets building block rows in rapid succession. We demonstrate the fabrication of multi-component structures out of up to 20 000 millimetre scale spherical building blocks in 3 h. While these building blocks and structures are still simple, we suggest that scalable layered assembly approaches, combined with a growing repertoire of standardized passive and active building blocks could help bridge the meso-scale assembly gap, and open the door to the fabrication of increasingly complex, adaptive and recyclable systems.
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Li, Guangchen, Wei Tian, Hu Zhang, and Bo Chen. "Building Energy Models at Different Time Scales Based on Multi-Output Machine Learning." Buildings 12, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): 2109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12122109.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Machine learning techniques are widely applied in the field of building energy analysis to provide accurate energy models. The majority of previous studies, however, apply single-output machine learning algorithms to predict building energy use. Single-output models are unable to concurrently predict different time scales or various types of energy use. Therefore, this paper investigates the performance of multi-output energy models at three time scales (daily, monthly, and annual) using the Bayesian adaptive spline surface (BASS) and deep neural network (DNN) algorithms. The results indicate that the multi-output models based on the BASS approach combined with the principal component analysis can simultaneously predict accurate energy use at three time scales. The energy predictions also have the same or similar correlation structure as the energy data from the engineering-based EnergyPlus models. Moreover, the results from the multi-time scale BASS models have consistent accumulative features, which means energy use at a larger time scale equals the summation of energy use at a smaller time scale. The multi-output models at various time scales for building energy prediction developed in this research can be used in uncertainty analysis, sensitivity analysis, and calibration of building energy models.
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Zhang, Xia, Youchao Sun, Zhifan Qiu, Junping Bao, and Yanjun Zhang. "Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Fusion of Multi-Sensor Data for Monitoring a Pilot’s Workload Condition." Sensors 19, no. 16 (August 20, 2019): 3629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19163629.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To realize an early warning of unbalanced workload in the aircraft cockpit, it is required to monitor the pilot’s real-time workload condition. For the purpose of building the mapping relationship from physiological and flight data to workload, a multi-source data fusion model is proposed based on a fuzzy neural network, mainly structured using a principal components extraction layer, fuzzification layer, fuzzy rules matching layer, and normalization layer. Aiming at the high coupling characteristic variables contributing to workload, principal component analysis reconstructs the feature data by reducing its dimension. Considering the uncertainty for a single variable to reflect overall workload, a fuzzy membership function and fuzzy control rules are defined to abstract the inference process. An error feedforward algorithm based on gradient descent is utilized for parameter learning. Convergence speed and accuracy can be adjusted by controlling the gradient descent rate and error tolerance threshold. Combined with takeoff and initial climbing tasks of a Boeing 737–800 aircraft, crucial performance indicators—including pitch angle, heading, and airspeed—as well as physiological indicators—including electrocardiogram (ECG), respiration, and eye movements—were featured. The mapping relationship between multi-source data and the comprehensive workload level synthesized using the NASA task load index was established. Experimental results revealed that the predicted workload corresponding to different flight phases and difficulty levels showed clear distinctions, thereby proving the validity of data fusion.
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Keling, Gendro. "TIPOLOGI BANGUNAN KOLONIAL BELANDA DI SINGARAJA." Forum Arkeologi 29, no. 2 (March 13, 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24832/fa.v29i2.185.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Architecture is component of a city. The presence of architecture, both traditional and colonial architecture has a historical and archaeological values and can be regarded as an identity of a city. Unfortunately modernization often leaves no place for a historical building that actually has an important role in the formation of characteristic of a place. Its result conflicts with "two side" between cultural heritage preservation activist with the destroyers of cultural heritage, which is the pick of capital. On the other hand, not least in the form of architectural heritage of Indo-European style building in Indonesia that offers various advantages in terms of engineering and the art of building. This paper objective is to identify the typology or the types of colonial architecture buildings in Singaraja and its characteristics. The method used is descriptive-analytical about the basic functions of grouping includes similarity type, form, structure and character of the building. Some of the existing architecture in Singaraja are Art Deco, Landhuis, and Gothic style. The typology of colonial buildings in Singaraja, are government buildings, homes, public building and others with a characteristic shape is relatively small, and very adaptive to the climate and natural conditions in Indonesia, especially Singaraja. Arsitektur merupakan salah satu komponen dari sebuah kota. Keberadaan arsitektur, baik arsitektur tradisional maupun kolonial memiliki nilai historis dan arkeologis dan dapat dianggap sebagai identitas suatu kota. Sayangnya modernisasi seringkali tidak menyisakan tempat untuk bangunan tua atau bersejarah yang sebenarnya memiliki peran penting dalam pembentukan karakteristik suatu tempat. Akibatnya terjadi konflik “dua kubu” antara pelestari warisan budaya dengan pihak perusak warisan budaya, terutama pemilik modal. Di lain pihak, tidak sedikit warisan arsitektural berupa bangunan bergaya indo-Eropa di Indonesia yang menawarkan berbagai keunggulan dalam hal teknik dan seni bangunan. Tujuan tulisan ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi tipologi atau tipe-tipe bangunan-bangunan peninggalan kolonial di Singaraja beserta karakteristik arsitekturnya. Metode yang digunakan deskriptif-analitis tentang fungsi dasar pengelompokkan meliputi kesamaan tipe, bentuk, struktur dan karakter bangunan. Beberapa arsitektur yang ada di Singaraja antara lain gaya Art Deco, Landhuis, dan Gothic. Secara umum tipologi bangunan kolonial di Singaraja antara lain, gedung pemerintahan, rumah tinggal, sarana umum dan lain-lain dengan karakteristik bentuknya relatif kecil, dan sangat adaptif dengan iklim dan kondisi alam di Indonesia, khusunya Singaraja.
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Cantatore, Elena, and Fabio Fatiguso. "An Energy-Resilient Retrofit Methodology to Climate Change for Historic Districts. Application in the Mediterranean Area." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 29, 2021): 1422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031422.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Focusing on the uncertainties of climate change and its effects on the built environment, on the energy responsibilities of residential building stock and on the dichotomy between the transformation and preservation of cultural heritage with a long-term perspective, this paper proposes a detailed methodology aimed at managing energy retrofit transformations and preservation actions in historic districts following “resilience thinking.” The proposed methodology pursues the traditional process of retrofitting for cultural heritage, and identifies—on building and component scales—a structural process aimed at: (i) recognizing and testing the adaptive qualities of traditional built constructions to climate change based upon the genius loci experience; (ii) diagnosing critical energy emergencies which occurred due to historical transformations or exposure to criticalities of climate change; (iii) identifying and managing improvement requirements according to priority levels of transformation (MUERI). The test on a representative case study in the south of Italy (Mediterranean area) highlighted some significant results: (i) the importance of compactness and of light-colored materials in fighting local microclimate alterations; (ii) the pivotal responsibility of roofs in current and future trends in energy consumption, promoting and testing both innovative and traditional solutions; (iii) the reduction into a limited number of buildings cases to assess, solving the complex and various combinations of features, with which suitable solutions and guidelines are associated.
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Gushchin, Anatoly M., Vasily P. Larshin, and Oleksandr V. Lysyi. "Adaptive mechatronic mechanism information model." Applied Aspects of Information Technology 5, no. 2 (July 4, 2022): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/aait.05.2022.8.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Defect-free machining of materials and products with a strictly organized anisotropic structure (polymer composite materials), with an uneven change in physical and mechanical properties throughout the volume (synthegran) or with high strength properties (artificially grown superhard ruby and leucosapphire crystals) is either impossible or not economically feasible on modern CNC technological machines. The reason for this is the lack of information about the power parameter, e.g., the machining force and torque. Therefore, the use of the developed adaptive mechatronic mechanism (AMM) module, which implements parametric stabilization of the power machining parameter in an open-loop control system, was an effective solution to this technological problem. An analysis of the issue state in the field of mechatronic and intelligent machines has shown that to date, mechatronics as a science systematically combines mechanics, electronics, and informatics (computer science). Moreover, the term informatics indirectly reflects another component of mechatronics – automation. In this regard, two main methods of automatic control are considered: by deviation in a closed system with feedback and by disturbance in an open system without feedback on the controlled parameter. Examples of open-loop systems with disturbance control, in which the “disturbance compensation principle” is implemented, are given. This method cannot be replaced in the absence of sensors – sources of information about physical processes in technological machines for various purposes, for example, in machine tool building, biomedicine, nuclear and military technology. As a rule, in all these machines there is a reciprocating movement of the working body (tool). The information model of the AMM module presented in the article reflects its main elements and characteristics, including driving forces (electromagnetic and electrodynamic), a ball-bearing screw mechanism, a fixed (unmovable) stator with a field winding and a movable armature with armature winding. The place of this article in the general system of scientific research on the formulated new scientific direction “Mechatronic and intelligent technological machines” is shown. This article is an introduction to this scientific direction, when automatic regulation “by disturbance” is performed in a mechatronic machine, i.e., the principle of disturbance compensation is fulfilled.
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Li, Chenming, Lei Zhu, Zhiyao He, Hongmin Gao, Yao Yang, Dan Yao, and Xiaoyu Qu. "Runoff Prediction Method Based on Adaptive Elman Neural Network." Water 11, no. 6 (May 28, 2019): 1113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11061113.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The prediction of medium- and long-term runoff is of great significance to the comprehensive utilization of water resources. Building an adaptive data-driven runoff prediction model by automatic identification of multivariate time series change in runoff forecasting and identifying its influence degree is an attractive and intricate task. At present, the commonly used screening factor method is correlational analysis; others offer multi-collinearity. If these factors are directly input into the model, the parameters of the model tend to increase, and the excessive redundancy and noise adversely affects the prediction results of the model. On the basis of previous studies on medium- and long-term runoff prediction methods, this paper proposes an Elman Neural Network (ENN) adaptive runoff prediction method based on normalized mutual information (NMI) and kernel principal component analysis (KPCA). In this method, the features of the screening factors are extracted automatically by using the mutual information automatic screening factor, and then input into the Elman Neural Network for training. With less features, the parameters of the Elman Neural Network model can be reduced, and the problem of overfitting of the Elman Neural Network model is effectively alleviated. The method is evaluated by using the annual average runoff data of Jinping hydropower station in Chengdu, China, from 2007 to 2011. The maximum relative error of multiple forecasts was found to be less than 16%, and forecast effect was good. The accuracy of prediction is further improved by averaging the results of multiple forecasts.
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Pilotti, Maura A. E., Hanadi Abdelsalam, Farheen Anjum, Imad Muhi, Sumiya Nasir, Ibtisam Daqqa, Gunner D. Gunderson, and Raja M. Latif. "Adaptive Individual Differences in Math Courses." Sustainability 14, no. 13 (July 5, 2022): 8197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14138197.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A higher education that can be defined as sustainable ensures the acquisition of competencies that are necessary to address the current and future needs of the society in which it exists. Because math competencies are an essential component of college students’ academic and professional success, poor performance outcomes are particularly problematic in the context of an education that aims to be sustainable. This research sought to identify dispositions that are predictive of math performance in the post-pandemic world to develop an early detection system for at-risk students of an understudied population (college students of Middle Eastern descent from Saudi Arabia). It specifically targeted female and male students in STEM or non-STEM majors who were enrolled in a math course of the general education curriculum. During the second semester of a return to entirely face-to-face instruction, their self-efficacy, math learning anxiety, math evaluation anxiety, and preference for morning or evening study activities were surveyed. In the post-pandemic world of this understudied population, the math performance of STEM male and female students was hurt by concerns about learning math. The math performance of non-STEM male students benefited from self-efficacy, whereas that of non-STEM female students was unaffected by any of the dispositions surveyed in the present investigation. These findings suggest that individual difference measures can inform early interventions intended to address performance deficiencies in selected groups of students with the overreaching goal of ensuring a sustainable education for all.
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Loosemore, Martin, Vivien Chow, and Denny McGeorge. "Managing the health risks of extreme weather events by managing hospital infrastructure." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 21, no. 1 (January 14, 2014): 4–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-10-2012-0060.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose – A predicted increase in climate change-related extreme weather events will present hospitals with new health-related and physical risks which were not originally anticipated in building and infrastructure designs. Markus et al.'s building systems model is used to analyse a range of adaptive strategies to cope with such events. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Focus group interviews were conducted with a wide range of hospital stakeholders across three case study hospitals in Australia and New Zealand which have experienced extreme weather events. Findings – It is concluded that effective adaptive strategies must balance responses across different organisational sub-systems. Contrary to previous research, the findings indicate that hospital managers do see hospital infrastructure as an important component of disaster response. However, it is the least adaptable of all response subsystems, making other options more attractive in the heat of a crisis. Research limitations/implications – A focus on three case studies allowed the researchers to explore in-depth the experiences of stakeholders who had experienced extreme weather events. While producing highly valid results, the inherent limitation of this approach is the lack of breath. So further case studies are needed to generalise from the results. Practical implications – Recommendations are made to improve the adaptive capacity of healthcare facilities to cope with the future health challenges of climate change risk. Originality/value – By acknowledging that no one group holds all the knowledge to deal with extreme weather events, this paper capture the collective knowledge of all key stakeholders who have a stake in the process of responding effectively to such an event. It shows that hospital adaptation strategies cannot be considered in isolation from the surrounding emergency management systems in which a hospital is imbedded.
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Sun, Jinping, Enjie Ding, Dan Li, Kailiang Zhang, and Ximin Wang. "Continuously Adaptive Mean-shift Tracking Algorithm Based on Improved Gaussian Model." Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review 13, no. 5 (2020): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25103/jestr.135.07.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In complex scenes with light changes, deformations, and occlusions, target tracking easily contains a large amount of background color information when building a target color model. Thus, the tracking effect is reduced. To improve the accuracy of the traditional continuously adaptive mean-shift algorithm (CAMShift) in complex scenarios, a target tracking algorithm based on an improved Gaussian mixture model was proposed. Using the Gaussian mixture model, the tracking image was divided into the foreground and background superposition. The histograms of the hue component were respectively established in the foreground and background of the target area. By suppressing the same hue as the background color in the tracking image, the target color model was established. The target position was iteratively obtained by implementing the CAMShift algorithm using the enhanced target color model. The Bhattacharyya distance between the candidate target and the target template was used as basis for updating the target model. Simulation analysis under benchmark data sets and actual monitoring scenarios verified the accuracy of the proposed algorithm. Results show that the distance precision and overlap success rate of the proposed algorithm are 0.88 and 0.625, respectively. The proposed algorithm effectively solves long-term target tracking problems with complex scenes, such as occlusion, background clutters, and illumination variation. This study eliminates the problem of target recognition caused by environmental changes and provides references for real-time monitoring of abnormal traffic conditions.
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Li, Hua, Zhen Wang, Binbin Shan, and Lingling Li. "Research on Multi-Step Prediction of Short-Term Wind Power Based on Combination Model and Error Correction." Energies 15, no. 22 (November 10, 2022): 8417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228417.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The instability of wind power poses a great threat to the security of the power system, and accurate wind power prediction is beneficial to the large-scale entry of wind power into the grid. To improve the accuracy of wind power prediction, a short-term multi-step wind power prediction model with error correction is proposed, which includes complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition adaptive noise (CEEMDAN), sample entropy (SE), improved beetle antennae search (IBAS) and kernel extreme learning machine (KELM). First, CEEMDAN decomposes the original wind power sequences into a set of stationary sequence components. Then, a set of new sequence components is reconstructed according to the SE value of each sequence component to reduce the workload of subsequent prediction. The new sequence components are respectively sent to the IBAS-KELM model for prediction, and the wind power prediction value and error prediction value of each component are obtained, and the predicted values of each component are obtained by adding the two. Finally, the predicted values of each component are added to obtain the final predicted value. The prediction results of the actual wind farm data show that the model has outstanding advantages in high-precision wind power prediction, and the error evaluation indexes of the combined model constructed in this paper are at least 34.29% lower in MAE, 34.53% lower in RMSE, and 36.36% lower in MAPE compared with other models. prediction decreased by 30.43%, RMSE decreased by 29.67%, and MAPE decreased by 28.57%, and the error-corrected three-step prediction decreased by 55.60%, RMSE decreased by 50.00%, and MAPE decreased by 54.17% compared with the uncorrected three-step prediction, and the method significantly improved the prediction accuracy.
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Jakob, Elizabeth M., Adam H. Porter, and George W. Uetz. "Site fidelity and the costs of movement among territories: an example from colonial web-building spiders." Canadian Journal of Zoology 79, no. 11 (November 1, 2001): 2094–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z01-179.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Species differ in whether they exhibit strong site fidelity or move readily among sites. To understand the adaptive significance of site fidelity it is necessary to measure the cost of relocating to new sites, but this is very difficult with most species because it entails following individuals during the entire course of their transition. We studied the colonial web-building spider Metepeira incrassata (Araneae: Araneidae), which defends individual orb webs within a large, shared frame web. Colonies are heterogeneous habitats, with more prey but also more predators at the periphery of the colony relative to the central core. We measured relocation costs in this species by breaking them into the following components, (i) searching costs, (ii) establishment costs, and (iii) lost-opportunities costs, or the potential benefits of alternative behaviors that an animal might engage in if it were not relocating. We observed spiders that were in the process of establishing their orb webs at the start of the foraging day and conducted experiments to examine the costs of relocation by transferring spiders between locations within the colony. Transferred spiders had more fights with conspecifics than non-transferred spiders did, and the number of fights was positively correlated with the distance moved. However, searching and establishment costs seem unimportant, as individuals moving within their territories were as active as individuals moving to new sites. Transferred spiders faced greater lost-opportunities costs in the form of time spent on prey-capture orbs, as they significantly delayed orb construction. Lost-opportunities costs seem to be the most important component of relocation costs in this species and are likely to be generally important among species. This study is one of the few to document movement costs through direct observation.
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Kozubtsov, I. "MECHANISM OF ADAPTIVE QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF TRAINING APPLICANTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION WITH THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY FOR THE NEEDS OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE." Visnyk Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Military-Special Sciences, no. 4 (48) (2021): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2217.2021.48.10-15.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Armed Forces of Ukraine are interested in highly professional subjects of scientific and scientific-technical activities, namely in highly qualified scientific and scientific-pedagogical workers, whose training is carried out through an adjunct course for obtaining the scientific degree of Doctor of philosophy. The problem of ensuring the quality of higher education for applicants for the degree of Doctor of philosophy for the needs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is not solved at present and is relevant. The aim of the study is to substantiate the mechanism of Adaptive Quality Management of training applicants for higher education with a doctor of Philosophy degree for the needs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The article analyzes the key experience of recent publications, which showed the interest of a wide scientific circle in the problems of applying adaptive management in the field of education and science. Along with this, researchers have different opinions about the vision of what adaptive management should be. As a result, there is no mechanism of adaptive management in the field of education and science, and even more so in the system of training applicants for higher education with the degree of Doctor of philosophy through adjunct and postgraduate studies. Based on the analysis, it is proposed to choose the basic mechanism of Adaptive Quality Management of training of applicants for higher education of the degree of Doctor of philosophy, which is implemented by a complex methodology for building an individual adaptive learning trajectory and developing the methodological culture of applicants for higher education of the degree of Doctor of philosophy, which includes a set of design methods: 1) a variable component of educational and scientific characteristics of applicants for a Scientific School; 2) a variable component of an optional educational and scientific program of a Scientific School; 3) monitoring and diagnostics of the methodological culture of applicants in the context of the general certification procedure. The listed methods of complex methodology are implemented in a scientific school, provided that the supervisor applies an improved model of scientific and methodological support for applicants for higher education with the degree of Doctor of philosophy. Thus, a scientific novelty is obtained, which consists in the fact that for the first time a mechanism for managing the quality of training applicants for higher education for the degree of Doctor of philosophy is proposed on the basis of adaptive management according to the PDCA scheme. The practical significance of the obtained scientific result made it possible to find out the mechanism of Adaptive Quality Management of methodological training of adjuncts and postgraduates. The presented study does not exhaust all aspects of this problem. The theoretical and practical results obtained in the course of scientific research form the basis for its further study in various aspects.
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Tovpyk, D. V. "Theoretical Provisions of Financial Security as a Component of the Economic Security of the Enterprise." Modern Economics 36, no. 1 (December 20, 2022): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v36(2022)-20.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Introduction. The article examines the category «financial security of the enterprise» as a component of economic security. The work of domestic and foreign researchers on the issues of economic and financial security of enterprises is outlined. The importance of financial security in the conduct of business activities by enterprises is analyzed. Purpose. The uncoordinated actions of enterprise managers are also reinforced by such external factors of negative influence as hybrid crises, wars, the emergence of new viruses, not to mention the systematic threats of disturbances in the consumer and purchasing behavior of buyers, the entry of new competitors into the market, changes in tax and economic legislation, strategic goals managers of companies in the conditions of globalization, rapid technological progress, which can be difficult to catch up. A wide range of these factors can even lead to mass bankruptcy and liquidation of bankrupt economic entities. The answer to the challenges of today is to create such a financial security management mechanism, which will not only be effective here and now, but will also be adaptive to potential risks in the future. At the same time, at first glance, theoretical provisions remain unchanged and specialist scientists cannot derive new theories or interpretations of familiar terms related to financial security. However, in our opinion, the purpose, tasks and principles of building the financial security of the enterprise may also change, or more precisely, these components can no longer be universal and need to be expanded and modified depending on new circumstances. Results. The author's understanding of the concepts of "economic security" and "financial security" is presented. The authors characterized and systematized the key goals, tasks and principles of the organization of financial security of the enterprise. Conclusions. Based on the fact that new hybrid crises are emerging more and more often, as well as new management tools and methods, in particular in the financial and economic activities of enterprises, it was concluded that the list of tasks and the principle of financial security of the enterprise can be expanded. In particular, it is worth paying attention to the principles of legality, awareness and prevention when building an effective mechanism for managing the financial security of enterprises.
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Kannan, Govind, Issa M. S. Panahi, and Richard W. Briggs. "Sequentially Adapted Parallel Feedforward Active Noise Control of Noisy Sinusoidal Signals." Advances in Acoustics and Vibration 2009 (June 24, 2009): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/694290.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A large class of acoustic noise sources has an underlying periodic process that generates a periodic noise component, and thus their acoustic noise can in general be modeled as the sum of a periodic signal and a randomly fluctuating signal (usually a broadband background noise). Active control of periodic noise (i.e., for a mixture of sinusoids) is more effective than that of random noise. For mixtures of sinusoids in a background broadband random noise, conventional FXLMS-based single filter method does not reach the maximum achievable Noise Attenuation Level (NALmax). In this paper, an alternative approach is taken and the idea of a parallel active noise control (ANC) architecture for cancelling mixtures of periodic and random signals is presented. The proposed ANC system separates the noise into periodic and random components and generates corresponding antinoises via separate noise cancelling filters, and tends to reach NALmax consistently. The derivation of NALmax is presented. Both the separation and noise cancellation are based on adaptive filtering. Experimental results verify the analytical development by showing superior performance of the proposed method, over the single-filter approach, for several cases of sinusoids in white noise.
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Chernetskaya, Nadezhda I., and Olga A. Shumovskaya. "Providing psychological support to pregnant women in childbirth by obstetrician service staff." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 68, no. 2 (May 29, 2019): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd68271-78.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aims of study. The aim of this study was to investigate the theoretical foundations of psychological support for women in childbirth during midwifery activities.
Results. An important condition for increasing the efficiency of the treatment process is not only taking into account the patient’s psychological peculiarities, but also providing psychological support to patients during medical care, in particular midwifery activity. Research on different aspects of psychological support is noted in the works of domestic and foreign psychologists who reveal the humanistic ideas of personal development interaction, requiring building a subject-subject relationship in the process of communication. A number of publications are presented in the modern literature concerning the role of psychological support in professional midwifery activities. According to the authors, this area is an important professional responsibility of obstetrician service staff. A special role is played by the psychological support of patients during childbirth. The relationship of the characteristics of the birth process with the emotional state of mothers is noted in modern literature. Psychological support for women in childbirth should be given with the knowledge of the patients’ specific psychological characteristics in this period. The state of consciousness of a woman in childbirth is one of the important psychological factors that require the attention of medical personnel. The altered state of consciousness (ASC) in childbirth, which has an adaptive role, is important for both active labor and reducing pain sensitivity in childbirth. A maladaptive ASC, on the contrary, interferes with the birth process and increase pain sensitivity. Depending on the activity, the psychological component of the generic dominant will manifest itself in an adaptive or maladaptive ASC, with psychological support for women during childbirth contributing to the activation of an adaptive ASC.
Conclusion. Analysis of the psychological characteristics of women during childbirth showed the importance of considering the state of consciousness of the patient and the activity of the psychological component of the generic dominant when determining the strategy of psychological support.
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Adamowski, Jan, and Johannes Halbe. "Participatory water resources planning and management in an Agriculturally Intensive Watershed in Quebec, Canada using Stakeholder Built System Dynamics Models." Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation 43, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10060-008-0088-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Participatory water resources planning and management in an Agriculturally Intensive Watershed in Quebec, Canada using Stakeholder Built System Dynamics Models The participation of stakeholders is an important component in integrated and adaptive watershed planning and management. In Quebec, Canada watershed organizations are in the process of implementing participatory based watershed planning and management schemes. However, there is a lack of simple and readily implementable frameworks and methods to explicitly involve stakeholders, as well as integrate physical and social processes, in watershed planning and management in Quebec. This paper describes the application of the first three stages of a newly proposed five stage stepwise Participatory Model Building framework that was developed to help facilitate the participatory investigation of problems in watershed planning and management through the use of qualitative system dynamics models. In the agriculturally intensive Du Chene watershed in Quebec, eight individual stakeholder interviews were conducted in cooperation with the local watershed organization to develop qualitative system dynamics models that represent the main physical and social processes in the Du Chene watershed. The proposed Participatory Model Building framework was found to be accessible for all the interviewees, and was deemed to be very useful by the watershed organization to develop an overview of the different perspectives of the main stakeholders in the watershed, as well as to help develop watershed policies and strategies. The individual qualitative system dynamics models developed in this study can subsequently be converted into an overall group built system dynamics model (describing the socio-economic-political components of the watershed), which in turn can be quantified and coupled with a physically based model such as HEC-HMS or SWAT (describing the physical components of the watershed).
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Ngarava, Saul, Leocadia Zhou, and Nomakhaya Monde. "Gendered Water Insecurity: A Structural Equation Approach for Female Headed Households in South Africa." Water 11, no. 12 (November 26, 2019): 2491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11122491.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Intricacies between women and water are central to achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Gender equality and women empowerment is a key driver in ending hunger and poverty as well as improve water security the study sought to identify and provide pathways through which female-headed households were water insecure in South Africa. Secondary data collected during the 2016 General Household Survey (GHS) was utilised, with a sample of 5928 female-headed households. Principal Component Analysis and Structural Equation Modelling were used to analyse the data. The results show dynamic relationships between water characteristics and water treatment. There were also associations between water access and wealth status of the female-headed households. Association was also found between water access and water treatment as well as between wealth status and water treatment. The study concludes that there are dynamic relationships in water insecurity (exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity) for female-headed households in South Africa. The study recommends that a multi-prong approach is required in tackling exposures, sensitivities and adaptive capacities to water insecurity. This should include capacity–building and empowering women for wealth generation, improve access to water treatment equipment as well as prioritising improvement of infrastructure that brings piped and safe water to female-headed households.
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Klingmann, Anna. "Adaptive Reuse Strategy for Abandoned Historic Villages in Asir (Saudi Arabia)." Ekistics and the new habitat 81, no. 2 (February 19, 2022): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e2021812563.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
How can we reinvent abandoned villages of cultural and historical value that seem of no practical use? How can we sustain unique vernacular cultures in an age of progressive globalization? These are the questions social scientists, urban planners, architects, and archaeologists grapple with around the world in the light of rising urbanization and progressive depopulation of rural communities. This paper describes the traditional architecture of abandoned rural settlements in the southwestern region of Asir in Saudi Arabia and examines the present situation from the residents' viewpoints. Departing from a framework of a dynamic understanding of heritage, the author proposes a process of adaptive reuse and revitalization. The research starts by posing several questions. What future do we imagine for abandoned villages that historically have played a significant role in the civic structure of a community and contribute to forming a society's memory and identity? Can we suppose that the adaptive reuse of abandoned villages makes a positive contribution to the circular economy while solidifying a dynamic understanding of heritage as an ongoing social and cultural process? To this effect, the author conducted a phased research project focused on the adaptive reuse of one abandoned village near the region's capital of Abha. The architectural research entailed architectural surveys and documentation as well as qualitative inquiries. The author hopes that this project and its results will be a further stepping-stone in motivating people to find cultural, social, and economic value in their heritage and to make their properties a vital component of the circular economy by passing on traditional knowledge of vernacular building techniques to younger generations
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Qiu, Xiaojun, and Colin H. Hansen. "A Modified Filtered-X LMS Algorithm for Active Control of Periodic Noise with On-Line Cancellation Path Modelling." Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control 19, no. 1 (March 2000): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0263092001492787.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The filtered-x LMS algorithm (FXLMS) has been successfully applied to the active control of periodic and random noise and vibration. This paper presents a modified algorithm for active control of periodic noise based on the FXLMS algorithm which uses random noise for on-line cancellation path transfer function (CPTF) estimation. In the proposed algorithm, another two short adaptive filters are introduced. One is an adaptive noise cancellation filter, which is used to improve the convergence speed of the CPTF modelling filter in the presence of very large amplitude primary noise by cancelling the component of the error signal that is correlated with the primary noise. The other is an adaptive estimator, which is used to re-estimate the obtained CPTF (long FIR filter estimated by random noise) with a short FIR filter by using the periodic reference signal as the input. The traditional FXLMS algorithm is then used with the shortened FIR filter to filter the reference signal, thus providing significant processing flexibility in practical situations where the primary path transfer function changes much faster than the CPTF. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
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Novoseletskyy, Oleksandr, Sabina Jurkaitienė, and Ostap Melnyk. "SIMULATION OF THE EXCHANGE RATE USING ECONOMIC AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS." Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, "Economics" Series 1, no. 27(55) (December 22, 2022): 104–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2022-27(55)-104-115.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the use of adaptive methods and models, autoregressive models and neural networks in forecasting the exchange rate of the main reserve currencies: the euro, the Swiss franc, the Japanese yen and the British pound against the US dollar. In the course of the research, the works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on this topic were reviewed and it was determined that the most used methods and models in forecasting the exchange rate based on time series are autoregression models (represented by ARIMA and SARIMA models), neural networks (represented by MLP and ELM architectures) and exponential smoothing methods. In the process of building the models, time series were examined for stationarity based on the Dickey-Fuller test and additive decomposition of the studied time series was performed to determine their main components (trend, seasonality, random component). Construction of forecast models was carried out, on the basis of which their comparative analysis took place. The main shortcomings and problems of using the selected methods are demonstrated and the best predictive models are determined. It is determined that the main drawback of all time series forecasting methods is their "adaptability" to the input data, and the desire to improve the estimation characteristics of the models as a result can lead to the fact that the forecasts differ significantly from the actual values. It was also determined that for forecasting the exchange rate of selected currency pairs, neural networks are best suited, which have both high evaluation characteristics and correspondence of the forecast to real values, and the MLP network shows better results compared to the ELM network. High evaluation characteristics are also demonstrated by adaptive models. However, the linear nature of the forecast does not allow adaptive models to make an accurate forecast in the long term. Although autoregressive models show worse estimation characteristics, they outperform neural networks in terms of matching real values for individual currency pairs.
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Kirischian, L., V. Dumitriu, P. W. Chun, and G. Okouneva. "Mechanism of Resource Virtualization in RCS for Multitask Stream Applications." International Journal of Reconfigurable Computing 2010 (2010): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/159367.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Virtualization of logic, routing, and communication resources in recent FPGA devices can provide a dramatic improvement in cost-efficiency for reconfigurable computing systems (RCSs). The presented work is “proof-of-concept” research for the virtualization of the above resources in partially reconfigurable FPGA devices with a tile-based architecture. The following aspects have been investigated, prototyped, tested, and analyzed: (i) platform architecture for hardware support of the dynamic allocation of Application Specific Virtual Processors (ASVPs), (ii) mechanisms for run-time on-chip ASVP assembling using virtual hardware Components (VHCs) as building blocks, and (iii) mechanisms for dynamic on-chip relocation of VHCs to predetermined slots in the target FPGA. All the above mechanisms and procedures have been implemented and tested on a prototype platform—MARS (multitask adaptive reconfigurable system) using a Xilinx Virtex-4 FPGA. The on-chip communication infrastructure has been developed and investigated in detail, and its timing and hardware overhead were analyzed. It was determined that component relocation can be done without affecting the ASVP pipeline cycle time and throughput. The hardware overhead was estimated as relatively small compared to the gain of other performance parameters. Finally, industrial applications associated with next generation space-borne platforms are discussed, where the proposed approach can be beneficial.
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Gifford, Danna R., J. Arjan G. M. de Visser, and Lindi M. Wahl. "Model and test in a fungus of the probability that beneficial mutations survive drift." Biology Letters 9, no. 1 (February 23, 2013): 20120310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2012.0310.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Determining the probability of fixation of beneficial mutations is critically important for building predictive models of adaptive evolution. Despite considerable theoretical work, models of fixation probability have stood untested for nearly a century. However, recent advances in experimental and theoretical techniques permit the development of models with testable predictions. We developed a new model for the probability of surviving genetic drift, a major component of fixation probability, for novel beneficial mutations in the fungus Aspergillus nidulans , based on the life-history characteristics of its colony growth on a solid surface. We tested the model by measuring the probability of surviving drift in 11 adapted strains introduced into wild-type populations of different densities. We found that the probability of surviving drift increased with mutant invasion fitness, and decreased with wild-type density, as expected. The model accurately predicted the survival probability for the majority of mutants, yielding one of the first direct tests of the extinction probability of beneficial mutations.
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Qu, Hongya, An Chang, Tiantian Li, and Zhongguo Guan. "Synchro-Squeezed Adaptive Wavelet Transform-Based Optimized Multiple Analytical Mode Decomposition: Parameter Identification of Cable-Stayed Bridge under Earthquake Input." Buildings 12, no. 8 (August 22, 2022): 1285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081285.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Deriving critical parametric information from recorded signals for system identification is critical in structural health monitoring and damage detection, while the time-varying nature of most signals often requires significant processing efforts due to structural nonlinearity. In this study, synchro-squeezed adaptive wavelet transform-based optimized multiple analytical mode decomposition (SSAWT-oMAMD) is proposed. The SSAWT algorithm acts as the preprocessing algorithm for clear signal component separation, high temporal and frequency resolution, and accurate time–frequency representation. Optimized MAMD is then utilized for signal denoising, decomposition, and identification, with the help of AWT for bisecting frequency determination. The SSAWT-oMAMD is first verified by the analytical model of two Duffing systems, where clear separation of the two signals is presented and identification of complex time-varying stiffness is achieved with errors less than 2.9%. The algorithm is then applied to system identification of a cable-stayed bridge model subjected to earthquake loading. Based on both numerical and experimental results, the proposed method is effective in identifying the structural state and viscous damping coefficient.