Дисертації з теми "Adaptation optimale de la charge"
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Saidi, Majdi. "Contribution à l'optimisation des systèmes hybrides de production énergétique à base de sources renouvelables." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0627.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is a contribution to the optimal design of hybrid systems for energy production. The proposed work is organised in three parts. The first part is dedicated to an energy analysis at the level of the national electricity grid. The aim is to study the possibility of integrating sub-grids consisting of a set of producer-operators connected to the main grid. The aim is to strengthen the decentralisation of energy production, taking into account the specific needs and availability of renewable sources. To achieve this, the approach is to optimise the cost of the installation for the producer-operator and the subsidy rates provided by the supporting state, while avoiding financial speculation. The second part deals with the problem of sizing hybrid systems by optimal load adaptation, and the approach is carried out in two parts. In the first part, the load is modelled taking into account the specific constraints of the operation. Then, in the second part, an optimisation of the structure is carried out according to the available energy. To illustrate the relevance of the approach, an application to a concrete case of a company is performed. The third part is devoted to the specific case of a nomadic application. First, the different constraints characteristic of this type of application (energy security, design cost, etc.) are determined and the different optimisation problems associated with the specific objectives are defined. Then, a case study expressed as an optimisation problem of a multi-objective nature is stated. Finally, optimal solutions are identified through artificial intelligence tools and application
Vardar, Baris Nevzat. "Optimal transition to clean technologies." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E022/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation investigates the economic mechanisms underlying the transition to clean technologies and examines policy approaches to achieve the socially optimal path. It studies various policy measures aiming to deal with climate change, such as adaptation and taxation of non-renewable resources. Furthermore, it examines the policy instruments that target increasing the use of efficient technologies and identifies cases in which the policy reaches its objectives or not. It also analyzes the role of heterogeneity in society on agents' willingness to support a pollution tax. The first chapter studies the energy transition by using an optimal growth model in which non-renewable and renewable natural resources are imperfect substitutes in providing energy services necessary for production. The second chapter studies the role of adaptation policy on the transition to a low carbon economy. lt incorporates adaptation policy into the problem of optimal non-renewable resource extraction with pollution externalities, by focusing on the capital nature of adaptation measures. The third chapter focuses on the problem of adopting new technologies in a micro-economic framework. lt studies the behavior of firms when they face a decision to invest either in a cheap but inefficient production capacity or in an expensive but efficient one, by taking into account the presence of a financial constraint. The fourth and last chapter investigates the distributional impacts of a pollution tax by considering a society in which wealth is distributed heterogeneously among households
Couet, Alexandre. "Adaptation de maillage anisotrope : méthode pleinement optimale basée sur un estimateur d'erreur hiérarchique en dimension 3." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28625/28625.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаJoly, Philippe. "Vers une utilisation optimale du génotypage et des scores de gravité dans la prise en charge de la drépanocytose." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10281.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is submitted for a PhD thesis in the field of red cell haematology. Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a monogenic disorder under polygenic and environmental control. The aim of this work was to integrate genotyping results from patients' DNA into the determination of the disease severity scores. Through a large population of SCD patients, we have discovered an atypical case of βA / βS heterozygosity namely, a mosaicism deletion of the beta-globin gene. This represents a new SCD complex situation for molecular diagnosis. Further investigations have led to set up a new genotyping method by using HRM and/or FRET for the determination of two SCD modifiers (beta-globin haplotypes and G6PD deficiency). By using a paediatric severity score of the disease proposed by Van den Tweel, our results show that there is a possible age-dependent effect of the alpha-globin gene in the severity of SCD. Finally, we studied the allelic frequencies of the main opiate-related polymorphisms: a pharmacological resistance (OPRM1 and COMT genes) seemed unlikely but a quite important proportion of patients could have both an ABCB1 and a UGT2B7 genotype unfavorable for opiates bioavailability
NADAL, FREDERIC. "Grossesses triples en france : resultats d'une enquete sur deux ans (1987-1988) : propositions pour une prise en charge optimale." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX20706.
Повний текст джерелаHaguma, Didier. "Gestion des ressources hydriques adaptée aux changements climatiques pour la production optimale d'hydroélectricité : étude de cas : bassin versant de la rivière Manicouagan." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6128.
Повний текст джерелаReina, Nicolas. "Les contraintes de charge asymétriques chez l'homme moderne : étude microCT sur l'os trabéculaire." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30002/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe study of bone is of major interest in Anthropology. The skeleton is an image of motor activity. Indeed, every element of the skeleton has a function dictated by its shape and role and then by its morphology. This illustrates the most visible adaptation of the bone. This process is widely studied in the human lineage. This theory is an important path of research in Anthropology. These characters are inscribed in the shape of the bone. Each curve, or crest reflect the action of a muscle or a function dictated by a slow evolutionary process. This change is by changing external characteristics of the bone by its form or anatomy "visible" on the one hand and by the evolution of more internal character, subtle and directly related to the biomechanical properties of bone namely trabecular bone. Trabecular bone is a more brittle material, deformable than cortical bone. It is an indirect trace of the stresses applied to the bone. Thus locomotion, feeding or occupational activities can be analyzed into the bone endostructure. This is the theory developed by Wolff in 1870 in "The law of bone remodeling." He developed this idea of ??an active, evolving process by macroscopic observation of the spans of the proximal femur in humans. If the stress on a particular bone increases, it will remodel to become more rigid and withstand the load in that particular bone segment and for this particular force of constraint. We studied this theory on two models in the living human being. One concerned the upper limb and the second the lower limb to characterize asymmetrical forces on trabecular bone. Laterality or handedness is an example of asymmetrical activity. Its effects on bone are well known in the practice of intensive sports or very lateralized activities. However, little data exist on the usual activities and the handedness of the young man with no particular activity. We performed a microCT study with cuts 41 microns slices. Volumes of interest in radial carpal bones were performed on both sides on young human adults without particular medical history. Several clinical and anthropometric variables were also collected. We were able to highlight endostructural patterns explaining the interindividual variability in comparison with anthropometric parameters and crush or pinch grip. Furthermore, axis deviations in varus or valgus exert asymmetric constraints also on weight-bearing joints. The prosthetic knee surgery increases exponentially in the last decades by a combined effect of improved techniques and the increased incidence of osteoarthritis. The OA is multifactorial but the weight has a major effect on cartilage wear. We further know that the morphology and deformation of members influence this phenomenon. We wanted to characterize the response of the bone to endostructure these asymmetrical stresses on the tibial plateau. We collected tibial plateaus during total joint replacement surgeries for knee and compare the bone under chondral internal and external with microCT 7.4 micron slices. Some parameters highlight the major effect weight and body mass such as bone volume fraction BV/TV, structure model index SMI, trabecular space Tb. and trabecular number Tb.N. Subchondral densification during osteoarthritis is associated with a reduction in its elastic modulus, which could increase cartilage stress, and accelerate cartilage loss
Marceau, Anika. "Étude de protéines cibles impliquées dans l'adaptation de Lactobacillus sakei au chlorure de sodium ou à une température sous-optimale." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077117.
Повний текст джерелаAbstract : Lactobacillus sakei is a lactic acid bacterium. It is the predominant flora naturally observed on vacuum-packed meat and fermented meat products. It is used in France and Western Europe as a starter for manufacturing fermented sausages. The aim of this study was to screen target proteins involved in L. Sakei adaptation to salt (NaCl) and low temperature, two environmental conditions occurring during industrial processes, in order to understand its metabolism and to optimise its technological use. The study of L. Sakei behaviour in a chemically defined medium showed that growth decreased when temperature decreased or when salt concentration increased. However, survival was enhanced at low temperature or in the presence of salt. Proteomic analysis revealed thirteen proteins whose expression significantly varied in cells grown at 4ʿC and/or with 4% NaCl. One of them was directly identified by its N-terminal sequence. For four of them, the N-terminal sequence allowed to identify the gene in L. Sakei chromosome sequence and their subsequent identification. Two proteins are involved in carbon metabolism: 6-phosphofructokinase and glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GlpD). The other proteins are stress proteins (Usp, MsrA, Asp23, OsmC). Mutants were constructed in each gene and their phenotype was studied. Asp23 and Usp mutants have lower survival during stationary phase whereas the GlpD mutant showed an enhanced survival under the same conditions. These results show that the expression of proteins during the exponential growth phase can play a role on bacteria survival during stationary phase
Lapeyrere, Vincent. "Etalonnage des détecteurs de CoRoT : adaptation aux besoins spécifiques de la mission." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066616.
Повний текст джерелаJasseron, Carine. "Prise en charge des femmes enceintes infectées par le VIH en France à l’ère des multithérapies : des recommandations aux pratiques." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA11T078/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this Ph.D thesis is to describe the care received by HIV-infected pregnant women in France in the era of multitherapy, to assess how actual practices differ from recommendations, to identify factors related to non optimal care for prevention of mother-to child HIV transmission (PMTCT) and to improve recommendations for some minority situations that have not been well evaluated.Work for this thesis was done using data from the French perinatal cohort ANRS-EPF, the only national multicenter cohort and one of the largest, having included 17 491 mother-child couples since 1986.Currently, almost all women are treated with multitherapy (96.5% in 2009) and the transmission rate is below 1% (0.6%; 95%CI: 0.2-1.4). Non optimal care for PMTCT (late HIV diagnosis, lack or late initiation of antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy, intrapartum and postnatal prophylaxis, virological failure at delivery, vaginal delivery despite uncontrolled viral load, maternal breastfeeding) has become increasingly rare in France (between 0.2% and 5.5% in 2009). The cesarean section rate is however clearly higher than in the general population, most notably due to a higher rate of elective cesarean section among women with a controlled viral load, which does not comply with the recommendations. And yet elective cesarean section performed on women with a controlled viral load does not result in a lower transmission rate.Migration from a sub-Saharan African country is associated with a later HIV diagnosis during pregnancy, but access to PMTCT and adherence seem similar once HIV infection is diagnosed. Failure for a mother to disclose her HIV status to the child’s father, which occurs more frequently with African women, is associated with less optimal PMTCT strategies but without any increase in MTCT rate.We have also evaluated the recommendations for some minority situations. For HIV-2infected women (2% of EPF cohort), who had a spontaneously lower MTC rate, our results contribute to justifying a less intensive PMTCT than for HIV-1 infected women. For women needing an amniocentesis, which, before the multitherapy era, was associated with an increased transmission rate, our results suggest that the transmission risk is no longer greater for women being treated by multitherapy.Our findings are encouraging as they demonstrate the effectiveness of a health care system which promoting free universal access to HIV care has succeeded in reaching out the most under privileged populations, thereby making it easier for them to receive optimal care although they remain at risk for non optimal PMTCT practices
Gaborieau, Jean-Noe͏̈l. "Calcul des efforts dans une prise par empaumement pour des conditions anthropomorphes : domaine de charge optimale en vue de la planification de mouvements de rotation de la main." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2265.
Повний текст джерелаJasseron, Carine. "Prise en charge des femmes enceintes infectées par le VIH en France à l'ère des multithérapies : des recommandations aux pratiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00783714.
Повний текст джерелаDarouache, Zineb. "La charge de travail dans le milieu policier québécois en contexte de Covid-19." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69716.
Повний текст джерелаAbstract This study is part of a field of research focusing on organizational health at work. Particularly, the objective of this master's research is to identify; in the context of the pandemic linked to Covid-19; the demands and resources present in the daily life of police officers in Quebec having an impact on their health and well-being at work. Also, this research makes it possible to identify the adaptation strategies put in place by the actors to work on their overwhelming situations and balance their well being. To understand this problem, we were inspired by two theoretical models, namely JD-R (Bakker & Demerouti, 2007) which postulates that the characteristics of work are classified as demands and resources, and Job Crafting model (Tims& Bakker, 2010), who argues that individuals rely on coping strategies to improve their well-being at work and balance their workload. As a result, we adopted an exploratory qualitative methodology and carried out semi-structured interviews in videoconference mode with 20 police officers patrolling in one of the largest cities in Quebec, including 5 female officers and 15 male officers. Data collection took place during the months of july, August, and september 2020. The results of this study show that the constraints and demands raised in the daily life of police officers such as the transformation of work, the adjustment of schedules, the reorganization of teams have impacts on their health and well-being, namely professional stress and problems of work-family balance. Also, it was concluded that the police have a wide range of resources categorized into four IGLO types (Nielsen et al., 2017), namely individual resources (experiences, personal background, training and skills and also family support), group resources (team cohesion and social support), leadership resources (recognition of superiors) and organizational resources (call screening). Likewise, our study has shown that police officers rely on adaptation strategies that can be individual (personalized work techniques, defensive strategies) or collective (mutual aid).
Charpentier, Joseph. "Adaptation des stations d'épuration du type boues activées faible charge à l'élimination des pollutions carbonées, azotées et phosphorées besoins en oxygène et régulation Rédox /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612587b.
Повний текст джерелаCharpentier, Joseph. "Adaptation des stations d'epuration du type boues activees faible charge a l'elimination des pollutions carbonees, azotees et phosphorees : besoins en oxygene et regulation redox." Rennes 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REN10036.
Повний текст джерелаWelch, Torrence David Jesse. "A feedback model for the evaluation of the adaptive changes to temporal muscle activation patterns following postural disturbance." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29674.
Повний текст джерелаCommittee Chair: Ting, Lena; Committee Member: Chang, Young-Hui; Committee Member: Nichols, T. Richard; Committee Member: Schumacher, Eric; Committee Member: Thoroughman, Kurt. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
Decker, Emmanuelle. "La méditation de Pleine Conscience pour la prise en charge de la souffrance émotionnelle associée à la douleur chronique : adaptation à des patients âgés douloureux chroniques." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30075/document.
Повний текст джерелаAbstractClinical and experimental studies using Meditation Mindfulness (MM) have demonstrated its effectiveness in improving many psychopathological symptoms (anxiety, depression), and emotional distress caused by chronic diseases (pain, psoriasis).These therapeutics primarily target the dysfunctional interactions initiated and/or perceived by the subject in relationship with internal and external events he encounters. They refer to the theory of complex systems, which focuses on adjustment and on emergence of mutual specification (Varela et al., 1993) between the subject and its environment, and think that playing changes the rules of the game (Gleick, 2008).The aim of this PhD research work is to adapt a MBCT (mindfulness based cognitive therapy) program for chronic pain older adults, and evaluate its feasibility and efficacy on pain intensity, function and emotional regulation.The proposed adjustment takes into account both the age related specificities on attentional resources, but also the program’s characteristics about training of attention and training to switch from linguistic-analytical to sensory-perceptual processing.One original feature of the study is the use of an integrated methodology, quantitative and qualitative, to test "if it works" and "how it works" as described by participants themselves (Masson & Hargreaves, 2001).The overall completion rate was 86.1 % at the end of the program (8 weeks) and the majority of participants continued to meditate at 3 months after the end of the program (3-month follow-up), suggesting that this intervention was feasible and acceptable in chronic pain older adults. Based on quantitative analyses results, the program appeared to have a beneficial effect on pain intensity, physical function and the internal and functional emotional regulation strategies. These specific strategies are those who require the greatest effort, need conscious voluntary process, facilitate the accomplishment of one’s goal and promote well-being. Based on qualitative analyses results, the main process involved in therapeutic change is the core theme “attention” always coupled with an “emotional appeasement”, and very often with “radical transformation” and “other vision”.This work demonstrates that an adapted MBCT program is feasible in CP older adults. The core theme “attention” seems to be the therapeutic lever of the adapted MBCT in CP older adults. The attentional training would enable to develop an attentional quality, allowing for ecological adaptation and reflected by emotional appeasement
Mallat, Charlotte. "Évaluation et mise en évidence des effets de la charge mentale de travail sur l’adaptabilité comportementale et physiologique A curvilinear effect of mental workload on mental effort and behavioral adaptability Time pressure modulates the curvilinear effect of mental workload on behavioral and physiological adaptability Mental workload effect on behavioral and physiological adaptability in air traffic control task." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU20091.
Повний текст джерелаFaced with a growing technological evolution-oriented design and automation, studying the effects of mental workload on human efficiency and adaptability arouses genuine interest. The objective of this manuscript is to evaluate the mental workload and to highlight its effects on efficiency, resulting in a behavioral and physiological adaptability of the operator. More precisely, it is a matter of varying the task demand (for example, the difficulty, the temporal pressure, the complexity) to evaluate and identify the effects on the behavioral and physiological adaptability of operator. Behavioral and physiological adaptability was indexed by performance and pre-ejection period reactivity related to effort mobilization. The first article allowed us to highlight a curvilinear effect of mental workload on behavioral and physiological adaptability, as postulated by Hancock and Szalma (2006). The second article has showed that the temporal pressure could to a certain extent promote behavioral adaptability, especially the implementation of strategy. The third article has demonstrated that the air traffic control complex tasks are likely to activate a performance-effort trade-off resulting both behavioral and physiological adaptability of the operator.The applicative purpose of this thesis is to highlight the importance of human factors in the environments design loop, in order to rethink them and/or to bring in tools of help if necessary, at the most opportune moment and in its form the most convincing, in order to promote an optimal mental workload
Dumas, Patrice. "L'évaluation des dommages du changement climatique en situation d'incertitude : l'apport de la modélisation des coûts de l'adaptation." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0072.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this thesis is the improvement of climate change damage assessment by the mean of : the use of a threshold damage function and an evaluation of the costs of adapting to a changed climate. Simulation and optimization compact climate economy integrated assessment models are solved to assess the damages. A stochastic threshold damage function leads to a precautionary effect for climate policies. In a cost-benefit framework, the threshold acts as a soft ceiling. Turning to the representation of adaptation, adaptive capital is split in categories corresponding with temperature ranges in optimization models. In simulation, a Kalman filter is used to model climate change detection. The results show strong anticipations. Additional costs arise mainly from over-investment allowing to follow climate change. The costs are not very sensitive to the amount of uncertainly, but they rise sharply in the case of no anticipation
Kamoun, Anas. "Contribution à la répartition dynamique des tâches entre opérateur et calculateur pour la supervision des procédés automatisés." Valenciennes, 1989. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/0ec201b4-4963-4d88-bfc0-ae94c6c230e2.
Повний текст джерелаHenriet, Fanny. "Essais sur l'économie du changement climatique." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0025.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on several issues related to climate policies. The first chapter focuses on the optimal extraction of a polluting non-renewable resource when there is an environmental regulation and when a clean technology can be developed through research and development. The second chapter examines the introduction of a carbon capture and storage technology. When all emissions can not be captured, because of technical constraints, this technology should be used before any environmental damages occurs. The third chapter examines the optimal tax system changes when an externality is discovered in a model à la Mirlees with heterogeneous agents. If productivity and the cost of access to a clean substitute are negatively correlated, there should be no indirect taxes, in the absence of externalities. With externality, it is optimal to tax the dirty good, less than the Pigovian rate, and the clean good. In the fourth chapter, we build, calibrate and simulate a stylized model designed to assess the magnitude of the carbon tax that would allow the French economy to divide by four its CO2 emissions in forty years. The magnitude of the carbon tax required is quite unrealistic. The fifth chapter discusses the ecological discount rate that should be used to assess projects aiming at improving the environment. We study the properties of the standard discount rate and the ecological discount rate. We also discuss a version of the precautionary principle
Sai, Kacem. "Modèles à grand nombre de variables internes et méthodes numériques associées." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 1993. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001728.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Jin. "Shakedown of porous materials." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1I044/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is devoted to the determination of shakedown limit states of porous ductile materials based on Melan's static theorem by considering the hollow sphere model, analytically and numerically. First of all, we determine the analytical macroscopic shakedown criterion of the considered unit cell with von Mises matrix under alternating and pulsating special loading cases. The proposed macroscopic analytical criterion depends on the first and second macroscopic stresses invariants, the sign of the third one and Poisson's ratio. Then, the procedure is extended to the general cyclically repeated loads by the construction of a more appropriate trial residual stress field allowing analytical computations and the improvement of the previous model simultaneously. Moreover, this approach is applied to porous materials with dilatant Drucker-Prager matrix.The idea relies firstly on the exact solution for the pure hydrostatic loading condition. It turns out that the collapse occurs by fatigue. Next, suitable trial stress fields are built with additional terms to capture the shear effects. The safety domain, defined by the intersection of the shakedown limit domain and the limit analysis domain corresponding to the sudden collapse by development of a mechanism at the first cycle, is fully compared with step-by-step incremental elastic-plastic simulations and simplified direct computations. At last, we provide a direct numerical method to predict the shakedown safety domain of porous materials subjected to multi-varying independent loadings by considering the critical loading path of the load domain instead of the whole history. The shakedown problem is transformed into a large-size optimization problem, which can be solved efficiently by the non-linear optimizer IPOPT to give out not only the limit load factor, but also the corresponding residual stress field for the shakedown state
Laucoin, Eli. "Développement du parallélisme des méthodes numériques adaptatives pour un code industriel de simulation en mécanique des fluides." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00385418.
Повний текст джерелаMeyer, Mylène. "Quelles relations existe-t-il entre le fonctionnement neurocognitif, le type de stratégie mise en place et les attentes préopératoires chez des patients parkinsoniens candidats à la stimulation cérébrale profonde, et quel est l'impact de ces facteurs en postopératoire ?" Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0337/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this thesis was to determine the impact of different preoperative psychotherapies, particularly one based on cognitive restructuration, on the psychiatric and psychological profile of parkinson’s disease patients candidate to deep brain stimulation. On the one hand, we wanted to determine the impact of the restructurative therapy on psychiatric variables (depression, anxiety, apathy), disease perception, expectations for surgery, coping strategies, quality of life and social adjustment. On the other hand, we wanted to determine the possible interaction between neuropsychological variables and the impact of cognitiverestructuration. Parkinsonian patients can modulate their disease perception and their expectations toward the result of surgery, thanks to preoperative preparation, notably the restructurative one. Some quality of life variables, in particular the mental one, seem to be more improved after cognitive restructuration. The whole sample uses higher instrumental support preoperatively, whereas they use more accomodation strategy based on acceptation postoperatively. What is more, neuropsychological performances and impact of preoperative psychotherapy seem to be linked, as preservation of deducation, conceptualisation, feedback adaptation, working memory, are linked to a better impact of psychotherapy on disease perception and surgical expectations. No impact of preoperative preparation on psychiatric profile or social adjustment was observed
Feng, Min. "Mieux comprendre les réponses des managers de proximité face au techno-stress : une perspective critique." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE3017.
Повний текст джерелаThe ubiquitous use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) can create "techno-stress". The general purpose of this thesis is to examine the case of the specificity of the techno-stress phenomenon in the proximity managers, to understand the responses of the proximity managers on techno-stress, to analyze the adaptation strategies that are considered. The initial question is how proximity managers manage their ICT portfolio in a techno-stress environment? To better answer to this question, we are building on this thesis by three items comprehension studies and adaptation infringement on managing ICT portfolio among managers: 1) first phase, we examine the case of the specificity of the techno-stress by proximity managers in a quantitative approach. 2), second phase, we establish an analysis with a view to identify adaptation strategies infringement by proximity managers to face the techno-stress. A multiple case study on three representative companies set up 3), in the final phase, we ensure to understand the effects of infringement coping strategies to fight against techno-stress in post-adoption perspective and under a context of intervention research. These three phases of analysis tie together the effects of techno-stress, understanding PM's responses to techno-stress and analyzing post-adoption interactional adaptation strategies with a critical perspective
Chaouachi, Maher. "Modélisation de l’engagement et de la charge mentale de travail dans les Systèmes Tutoriels Intelligents." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11958.
Повний текст джерелаRecent advances in cognitive science, psychology and neuroscience have shown that emotions and cognitive processes are closely intertwined. This fact has given rise to a new generation of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) whose adaptive logic is based on the consideration of the learner’s emotional and affective dimension. These systems, known as Emotionally Intelligent Tutoring Systems (EITS), seek to acquire the human tutors’ ability in detecting, understanding and adapting to the learners’ emotional state. However, despite the large body of work on emotional modeling, several empirical results showed that current EITS fail to have a significant impact on the learners’ performance and emotional reactions. These limitations are mainly due to the complexity of the emotional concept which makes its modeling difficult and its interpretation ambiguous. In this thesis we propose to increase EITS with mental state indicators of engagement and mental workload. These mental states have the advantage to include both affective and cognitive dimensions. To this end, we first present an approach to modeling these indicators from the learners’ brain activity data. In the second part, we will integrate these models into an EITS able to adapt in real time the learning process according to these indicators.