Статті в журналах: "Actuator placement for vibration control"

1

Sohn, Jung Woo, and Seung Bok Choi. "Optimal Placement of MFC Actuators for Vibration Control of Cylindrical Shell Structure." Advances in Science and Technology 56 (September 2008): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.56.253.

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In the present paper, active vibration control of cylindrical shell structure is conducted based on optimized actuator placement. Anisotropic piezoelectric actuator named as Macro Fiber Composite (MFC) is adopted for vibration control. The governing equations of motions of the cylindrical shell structure including MFC actuators are derived from Lagrange’s equation. For the verification of the proposed analytic model, numerical results of modal analysis are compared with those of experimental test results. Optimal placements of the MFC actuators are determined with Genetic Algorithm for the effective control performance. Robust controller is then designed to suppress structural vibration of the proposed smart structure and control performances are evaluated.

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2

Šolek, Peter, and Marek Maták. "An Active Control of the Thin-Walled Mechanical Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 611 (August 2014): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.611.22.

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This article deals with the influence of optimal actuator and sensor placement on the active control of thin-walled mechanical systems. The approach used for optimal actuator and sensor placement is based on the evaluation norms and. The optimal actuator and sensor placement satisfied the requirements on the controllability, observability and spillover prevention. The investigation of the optimal placement of actuators and sensors is demonstrated on the active vibration of the thin-walled two dimensional mechanical systems.

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3

Sunar, M., and O. Keles. "Magnetostrictive Actuator Modeling and Placement." Advanced Materials Research 83-86 (December 2009): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.83-86.281.

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Quasi-static equations are presented for a magnetostrictive medium where mechanical and magnetic fields interact with each other. Finite element method is used in conjunction with the Hamilton's principle to deduce equations for the dynamic behavior of the magnetostrictive material. These equations form the basis for the magnetostrictive material to be utilized as a sensor or as an actuator. When used as an actuator, the material can provide enough power to actuate mechanical systems for vibration control. In this work, a cantilever beam with a magnetostrictive actuator is taken to demonstrate the modeling and use of the magnetostrictive actuator in attenuating structural vibrations. The position of the actuator is changed to observe its effect on the response of the system. This is important because it is a well-known fact that the actuator location has impact, sometimes big, on its performance.

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4

Bobrow,, James E., Faryar Jabbari, and, and Khiem Thai. "A New Approach to Shock Isolation and Vibration Suppression Using a Resetable Actuator1." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 122, no. 3 (January 29, 1999): 570–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1286629.

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A novel low power control technique along with a new class of actuators is developed for shock isolation and control of structural vibrations. In contrast to other techniques, including conventional viscous or rate damping, the force produced by the actuator has no velocity dependence. Several experimental, analytical, and simulation results are presented in support of this new, semi-active technique for structural control. The basic approach is to manipulate the system stiffness through the use of resetable actuators. With the proposed control approach, the actuator behaves like a linear spring. However, at appropriate times, the effective unstretched length of the actuator is changed—or reset—to extract energy from the vibrating structure. Experimental validation of the actuator model, analytical results on stability and actuator-placement, and simulation results for earthquake applications are presented. [S0022-0434(00)01603-8]

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5

Johnson, Marty E., Luiz P. Nascimento, Mary Kasarda, and Chris R. Fuller. "The Effect of Actuator and Sensor Placement on the Active Control of Rotor Unbalance." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 125, no. 3 (June 18, 2003): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1569946.

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This paper investigates both theoretically and experimentally the effect of the location and number of sensors and magnetic bearing actuators on both global and local vibration reduction along a rotor using a feedforward control scheme. Theoretical approaches developed for the active control of beams have been shown to be useful as simplified models for the rotor scenario. This paper also introduces the time-domain LMS feedforward control strategy, used widely in the active control of sound and vibration, as an alternative control methodology to the frequency-domain feedforward approaches commonly presented in the literature. Results are presented showing that for any case where the same number of actuators and error sensors are used there can be frequencies at which large increases in vibration away from the error sensors can occur. It is also shown that using a larger number of error sensors than actuators results in better global reduction of vibration but decreased local reduction. Overall, the study demonstrated that an analysis of actuator and sensor locations when feedforward control schemes are used is necessary to ensure that harmful increased vibrations do not occur at frequencies away from rotor-bearing natural frequencies or at points along the rotor not monitored by error sensors.

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6

Wang, Wei Yuan, Kai Xue, and Dong Yan Shi. "Optimal Research of Actuator Placement for Piezoelectric Smart Structure." Key Engineering Materials 419-420 (October 2009): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.419-420.173.

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the optimal placement of piezoelectric actuator for active vibration control of smart structure. The structures can be described in the modal space based on the independent modal space control method and dynamic equations derived from finite element model. The modal damping ratios are derived from modal equations and an optimal target is given by maximizing the modal damping ratios. Accumulation method is adopted to the optimization calculation. Simulations are carried out for active vibration control of a conical shell with distributed piezoelectric actuators. Control effects proved the validity of the optimal method above by compared with the non-optimal results. The optimal method in this paper gives a useful guide for quantity optimization of actuators to piezoelectric structures.

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7

Kar, Indra N., and Kazuto Seto. "Bending and Torsional Vibration Control of a Flexible Structure Using H-infinity Based Approach." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 9, no. 5 (October 20, 1997): 387–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1997.p0387.

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This paper presents a method of controlling the bending and torsional vibration mode of a flexible structure using H-infinity optimal control. A new idea is proposed in order to reduce the unmodeled system uncertainties by placing actuators in the nodes of certain neglected vibration modes. Then, the controller is designed based on the reduced order model and is capable of attenuating vibration without causing spillover instability. For this purpose, a three degree of freedom lumped parameter mass model of a plate structure is considered to control its vibrations using a dynamic output feedback controller. The actuator dynamics and the placement of the actuators are considered for a effective controller design method. The efficacy of the controller is shown through simulations.

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8

Lu, Yifan, Qi Shao, Fei Yang, Honghao Yue, and Rongqiang Liu. "Optimal Vibration Control of Membrane Structures with In-Plane Polyvinylidene Fluoride Actuators." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 20, no. 08 (July 2020): 2050095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455420500959.

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Different kinds of membrane structures have been proposed for future space exploration and earth observation. However, due to the low stiffness, high flexibility, and low damping properties, membrane structures are likely to generate large-amplitude (compared to the thickness) vibrations, which may lead to the degradation of their working performance. In this work, the governing equations are established at first, taking into account the modal control force induced by the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) actuator. The optimal vibration control of the membrane structure is explored subsequently. A square PVDF actuator is attached on the membrane to achieve the vibration suppression. The influence of actuator position and control gains on the vibration control performance are studied. The optimal criteria for actuator placement and energy allocation are developed. Several case studies are numerically simulated to demonstrate the validity of the proposed optimization criteria. The analytical results in this study can serve as guidelines for optimal vibration control of membrane structures. Additionally, the proposed optimization criteria can be applied to active control of different flexible structures.

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9

Heck, L. P., J. A. Olkin, and K. Naghshineh. "Transducer Placement for Broadband Active Vibration Control Using a Novel Multidimensional QR Factorization." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 120, no. 3 (July 1, 1998): 663–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2893881.

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This paper advances the state of the art in the selection of minimal configurations of sensors and actuators for active vibration control with smart structures. The method extends previous transducer selection work by (1) presenting a unified treatment of the selection and placement of large numbers of both sensors and actuators in a smart structure, (2) developing computationally efficient techniques to select the best sensor-actuator pairs for multiple unknown force disturbances exciting the structure, (3) selecting the best sensors and actuators over multiple frequencies, and (4) providing bounds on the performance of the transducer selection algorithms. The approach is based on a novel, multidimensional extension of the Householder QR factorization algorithm applied to the frequency response matrices that define the vibration control problem. The key features of the algorithm are its very low computational complexity, and a computable bound that can be used to predict whether the transducer selection algorithm will yield an optimal configuration before completing the search. Optimal configurations will result from the selection method when the bound is tight, which is the case for many practical vibration control problems. This paper presents the development of the method, as well as its application in active vibration control of a plate.

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10

Huang, Xiu Feng, Ming Hong, and Hong Yu Cui. "The Optimal Location of Piezoelectric Sensor/Actuator Based on Adaptive Genetic Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 635-637 (September 2014): 799–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.635-637.799.

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This paper considered the optimal placement of collocated piezoelectric actuator-sensor pairs on a thin cantilever plate using a modal-based linear quadratic independent modal space controller. LQR performance was taken as objective for finding the optimal location of sensor–actuator pairs.The discrete optimal sensor and actuator location problem was formulated in the framework of a zero–one optimization problem,which was solved by real-coded adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA). The vibration response of the piezoelectric plate was calculated using the finite element method (FEM).The optimization and vibration control programs were written by FORTRAN language. The results of numrical examples show that the adaptive genetic algorithm based on the minimum of LQR performance for the optimal location of sensors and actuators is feasible and effective.

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11

Lai, Tao, and Junfeng Liu. "Active vibration control of a rotor-bearing-actuator system using robust eigenvalue placement method." Measurement and Control 53, no. 3-4 (January 11, 2020): 531–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020294019836125.

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In order to improve the vibration responses of rotor system, this paper presents an active vibration control technique for a rotor-bearing-actuator system with the use of robust eigenvalue placement method. By analyzing the characteristics of the piezoelectric stack actuator, bearing and rotor, a rotor-bearing-actuator system is modeled. Based on this dynamical model, a reduced-order technique is used to establish the state equation in the modal space. A robust eigenvalue placement method, which can enhance the robustness of system to model error and uncertain factors by optimizing the close-loop eigenmatrix with a small condition number, is proposed to carry out the active vibration control for system. The good results indicate that the eigenvalue can be placed to precise position, and the displacement responses get effectively suppressed with the proposed method. Meanwhile, the optimized close-loop eigenmatrix can possess a small condition number, which means the system has achieved excellent robustness.

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12

Farhadi, S., and SH Hosseini-Hashemi. "Active vibration suppression of moderately thick rectangular plates." Journal of Vibration and Control 17, no. 13 (March 7, 2011): 2040–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546310395962.

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In the present work, active vibration suppression of moderately thick rectangular plates by means of piezoelectric actuators is investigated. Based on Lagrange energy method, a finite element formulation is presented for mathematical modeling of the system. Using modal controllability criterion, a simple method is offered for optimal placement of the piezoelectric actuator. For a cantilevered plate with specific characteristics, the optimal position of a piezoelectric patch is investigated. Then, for suppression of plate vibrations, an active damping controller is designed using modal velocity feedbacks. Numerical simulations are then performed for studying the performance of the designed controller. Presented simulations indicate the feasibility of vibration control of moderately thick plates by means of high voltage piezoelectric actuators. These simulations also show that, for a specific excitation force, the maximum required voltage for vibration suppression approaches to an asymptotic value as the values of modal feedback gains increase. This conclusion is of high importance in practical controller design.

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13

Mirza, Marghub Alam, and Johannes L. Van Niekerk. "Optimal Actuator Placement for Active Vibration Control With Known Disturbances." Journal of Vibration and Control 5, no. 5 (September 1999): 709–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107754639900500503.

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14

Tham, Vu Van, Tran Huu Quoc, and Tran Minh Tu. "OPTIMAL PLACEMENT AND ACTIVE VIBRATION CONTROL OF COMPOSITE PLATES INTEGRATED PIEZOELECTRIC SENSOR/ACTUATOR PAIRS." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 56, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/56/1/8824.

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In this study, a finite element model based on first-order shear deformation theory is presented for optimal placement and active vibration control of laminated composite plates with bonded distributed piezoelectric sensor/actuator pairs. The model employs the nine-node isoparametric rectangular element with 5 degrees of freedom for the mechanical displacements, and 2 electrical degrees of freedom. Genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to maximize the fundamental natural frequencies of plates; and the constant feedback control method is used for the vibration control analysis of piezoelectric laminated composite plates. The results of this study can be used to aid the placement of piezoelectric sensor/actuator pairs of smart composite plates as well as for robust controller design.

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15

Tso, Man H., Jing Yuan, and Wai O. Wong. "Hybrid vibration absorber with detached design for global vibration control." Journal of Vibration and Control 23, no. 20 (February 16, 2016): 3414–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546316631867.

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A new hybrid vibration absorber, with detached passive and active parts, is designed, analyzed and tested. This is an alternative approach in case the traditional bundled hybrid vibration absorber with collocated active and passive control elements cannot be applied. In fixed-free structures like buildings and towers, a passive dynamic vibration absorber is very popular for vibration control at or near the free ends. Active control may be introduced to improve performance, but space or weight may be limited in some applications. It may not be practical to attach an actuator near the passive part. The new approach provides more flexibility to retrofit a passive dynamic vibration absorber into a high performance hybrid vibration absorber by installing the actuator at a more suitable location than collocated with the passive part. The proposed hybrid vibration absorber is based on the pole-placement control strategy. Its controller is able to deal with a possible nonminimum-phase secondary path caused by noncollocated actuator sensors. This feature does not exist in a bundled hybrid vibration absorber with collocated actuator sensors. The performance of the new hybrid vibration absorber is analyzed in this study. Experimental and simulation results are used to verify the theoretical results and demonstrate the excellent performance of the new hybrid vibration absorber for vibration control at multiple points. A bundled hybrid vibration absorber with collocated passive and active elements is compared with the proposed hybrid vibration absorber with detached control elements, using experimental and simulation results. It was found that the vibration attenuation performance of the proposed hybrid vibration absorber can be better than the traditional bundled hybrid vibration absorber. The optimal actuator location, which is not necessarily the coupling point of the passive resonator, can be selected numerically by a proposed procedure. One could miss a better solution for vibration control if he/she only uses the bundled hybrid vibration absorber without considering the detached hybrid vibration absorber as a possible alternative.

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16

Zhang, Ting, H. G. Li, and J. J. Zhao. "Vibration Control and Dynamical Model of a Thermal-Electrical-Mechanical Coupled Smart Cantilevered Beam." Advanced Engineering Forum 2-3 (December 2011): 535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.2-3.535.

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Piezoelectric actuators used in vibration control and high precision control have been known widely in recent years. Especially in aeronautics and MEMS systems, their use is spread from vibration suppression to position control. In this paper, a finite element model (FEM) of a piezoelectric actuator and cantilever in thermal environment is presented to suppress vibration effectively. In other words, the finite element model is namely thermal-electrical-mechanical coupled FEM. Based on a 8-node plane finite element, the modal analysis, the harmonic analysis and the transient analysis have been obtained in the current work. Therefore a transfer function model will be attained through the harmonic analysis by identification method in order to control vibration by control law. In addition, the controller will be designed with the adaptive pole placement control (APPC). Finally, through simulation, the thermal influence is considerable for natural frequencies, harmonic response and free vibration. Moreover, the APPC is a significant plan to vibration control in the paper.

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17

Peng, Fujun, Alfred Ng, and Yan-Ru Hu. "Actuator Placement Optimization and Adaptive Vibration Control of Plate Smart Structures." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 16, no. 3 (March 2005): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x05050105.

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18

Li, Yunlong, Xiaojun Wang, Ren Huang, and Zhiping Qiu. "Actuator placement robust optimization for vibration control system with interval parameters." Aerospace Science and Technology 45 (September 2015): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2015.04.017.

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19

Burrows, C. R., P. S. Keogh, and R. Tasaltin. "Closed-Loop Vibration Control of Flexible Rotors—An Experimental Study." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 207, no. 1 (January 1993): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1993_207_093_02.

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An experimental study has been made for the synchronous vibration control of a rotor-bearing system using a magnetic actuator to supply the control forces. Both open- and closed-loop strategies were implemented using measured displacement signals from various transducer configurations. Model reduction based on dominant mode methods was used to aid the design of the closed-loop strategies. These were based on pole placement techniques. It was shown that state feedback, without co-location of sensors and actuator, can be used to suppress critical speed responses without encountering spillover problems. The robustness of the strategies was also assessed by deleting selected feedback paths.

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20

Devasia, Santosh, Tesfay Meressi, Brad Paden, and Eduardo Bayo. "Piezoelectric actuator design for vibration suppression - Placement and sizing." Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics 16, no. 5 (September 1993): 859–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.21093.

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21

Saini, Paramdeep, Apoorv Pandhi, and A. K. Darpe. "An Experimental Study on the Use of Active Constrained Layer Damping for Thin Curved Smart Shell Structures." Advances in Science and Technology 56 (September 2008): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.56.309.

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Thin Open Curved Shell Structures constitute the major building block of many critical structures such as Aircraft Cabins, Ship Hulls and bodies of rockets and missiles. In the present work, an open thin curved shell made of Aluminium material has been chosen to investigate the potential of ACLD effectiveness with MFC Actuator. The shell ACLD system has been modelled using system identification method and converted into state space form for designing the control law of the LQR controller. Finite Element Analysis of the bare structure has been performed in ANSYS. Using modal solution results, the best possible location for the placement of patches has been found out for combined vibration control of first three modes using Modal Strain Energy (MSE) approach. The FEA Modal Solution results have been correlated with the experimental modal analysis results obtained with the help of ICATS (Imperial College’s Modal Analysis and Testing Software). Significant vibration attenuation resulted for partially covered PCLD and ACLD treatments on open curved shell. Thus, ACLD provides a practical means for controlling the vibration of complex structures such as an open curved shell with currently available piezoelectric (MFC) actuators without the need for excessively large actuation voltages.

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22

Zhou, Xiang Yi, and Jin Zhang. "HPSO Algorithm of Actuator Placement for Vibration Suppression of Large Flexible Space Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.175.

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Optimal actuator placement is the key technology to be solved for active vibration suppression of large flexible space structure. According to the features of close mode and light damping, the optimal criterion derived from the controllability and observability of Grammian matrix is designed; Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO) algorithm is introduced to solve the problem in optimizing actuator placement, and the detail solving step is given. Compared with genetic algorithm (GA) in previous research, HPSO is better than GA in convergence rates and computing time. Based on the above optimal results, LQG/LTR control method is utilized when the large flexible structure under pulse and Gauss white noise excitation respectively. The numerical simulation results show that LQG/LTR, which has a better performance in suppressing structure vibration than LQG, can suppress the vibration of large flexible space structure and improve system robustness.

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23

Kang, Young Kyu, Hyun Chul Park, and Brij Agrawal. "Optimization of Piezoceramic Sensor/Actuator Placement for Vibration Control of Laminated Plates." AIAA Journal 36, no. 9 (September 1998): 1763–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.7558.

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24

Li, W. P., and H. Huang. "Integrated optimization of actuator placement and vibration control for piezoelectric adaptive trusses." Journal of Sound and Vibration 332, no. 1 (January 2013): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2012.08.005.

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25

Kang, Young Kyu, Hyun Chul Park, Woonbong Hwang, and Kyung Seop Han. "Optimum placement of piezoelectric sensor/actuator for vibration control of laminated beams." AIAA Journal 34, no. 9 (September 1996): 1921–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.13326.

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26

Kang, Young K., Hyun C. Park, and Brij Agrawal. "Optimization of piezoceramic sensor/actuator placement for vibration control of laminated plates." AIAA Journal 36 (January 1998): 1763–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.14044.

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27

Liu, Xiang, Guoping Cai, Fujun Peng, and Hua Zhang. "Piezoelectric Actuator Placement Optimization and Active Vibration Control of a Membrane Structure." Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 31, no. 1 (February 2018): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10338-018-0005-y.

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28

Baz, A., S. Poh, and P. Studer. "Modified Independent Modal Space Control Method for Active Control of Flexible Systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Mechanical Engineering Science 203, no. 2 (March 1989): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1989_203_093_02.

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A modified independent modal space control (MIMSC) method is developed for designing active vibration control systems for large flexible structures. The method accounts for the interaction between the controlled and residual modes. It also incorporates optimal placement procedures for selecting the optimal locations of the actuators in the structure in order to minimize the structural vibrations as well as the actuation effort. The MIMSC method relies on an important feature which is based on ‘time sharing’ of a small number of actuators, in the modal space, to control effectively a large number of modes. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the application of the method to generic flexible systems. The obtained results suggest the potential of the devised method in designing efficient active control systems for large flexible structures.

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29

Lee, An-Chen, and Song-Tsuen Chen. "Collocated Sensor/Actuator Positioning and Feedback Design in the Control of Flexible Structure System." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 116, no. 2 (April 1, 1994): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2930405.

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This paper presents a new control design method for the control of flexible systems that not only guarantees closed-loop asymptotic stability but also effectively suppresses vibration. This method allows integrated determination of actuator/sensor locations and feedback gain via minimization of an energy criterion, which is chosen as the integrated total energy stored in the system. The energy criterion is determined via an efficient solution of the Lyapunov equation and minimized with a quasi-Newton or recursive quadratic programming algorithm. The prerequisite for this optimal design method is that the controlled system be asymptotically stable. This study shows that when the controller structure is a collocated direct velocity feedback design with positive definite feedback gain, the number and placement of actuators/sensors are the only factors needed to determine necessary and sufficient conditions for ensuring closed-loop asymptotic stability. The application of this method to a simple flexible structure confirms the direct relationship between our optimization criterion and effectiveness in vibration suppression.

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30

Yao, Jun, Yan Fei Wu, and Huan Wang. "Optimal Design Method for Piezoelectric Sensors/Actuators Configuration." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 815–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.815.

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In the active vibration control field, the piezoelectric element was extensively researched with the advantages of wide response frequency band, light weight, big driving force and good linearity, but they were mainly focused on the vibration suppression for smart structure and the study on the piezoelectric element used as excitation source in the vibration test was still limited. First, according to the electromechanical coupling equation of the piezoelectric material, the piezoelectric equation when the piezoelectric ceramic applied on the one-dimensional structure like beam was derived. Then the transfer functions from piezoelectric actuator to the piezoelectric sensor were established in cases of micro-element and limited size. The quasi-independent modal control method for piezoelectric beam was studied, which made several step modals being controlled by one group of piezoelectric film simultaneously is possible. And based on this, an optimal design method for placement of sensors/actuators in the vibration test in which the piezoelectric element was used as excitation source is found.

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31

Soubhia, Ana Luisa, and Alberto Luiz Serpa. "Discrete optimization for actuator and sensor positioning for vibration control using genetic algorithms." Journal of Vibration and Control 24, no. 17 (July 7, 2017): 4050–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546317718968.

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Research about actuator and sensor positioning is important to obtain smart structures that can achieve better performance, and studies concerning controller design techniques are also important. In some studies on smart structures, the positioning of sensors and actuators are defined by some physical criteria and, thereafter, the controller is designed to satisfy some requirements of the controlled system. However, the optimal number and placement of sensors and actuators can also be obtained through the solution of an optimization problem, taking into account, for example, the possible positions to allocate the active elements and the available number of these. This paper presents a discrete heuristic optimization technique in order to determine the discrete positions of the active elements in active control systems. Furthermore, a technique that involves the determination of the number of active elements and the positioning is shown. These techniques have been implemented based on the genetic algorithms. Depending on the desired number of the sensors and actuators, and the number of candidate positions, it is impractical to use a combinatorial algorithm, as this is very expensive in terms of computational time due to the number of possible combinations. Thus, the techniques developed here have the aim to obtain good solutions analyzing fewer combinations than the combinatorial method and in reduced computational time. In this paper, the controllers are designed based on the [Formula: see text] control theory. The objective function used to solve the positioning problem of active elements is the [Formula: see text] norm of the closed-loop system.

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32

Shelley, Franz J., and William W. Clark. "Active Mode Localization in Distributed Parameter Systems with Consideration of Limited Actuator Placement, Part 1: Theory." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 122, no. 2 (July 1, 1995): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.568453.

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The purpose of this two-part work is to apply active mode localization to distributed parameter systems where the number of control sensors and actuators is a limiting factor. In this part, the theoretical development portion of the study, two approaches are presented that shape system eigenvectors using feedback control, generating localization to produce areas of isolation with relatively low vibration amplitudes compared to other parts of the structure. The first approach uniformly shapes all eigenvectors of a vibrating system, but can require many actuators to do so. The second more general approach uses singular value decomposition (SVD) to shape selected eigenvectors of a system, localizing the response of these modes to any disturbance, and requiring few actuators. [S0739-3717(00)70202-9]

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Ramesh Kumar, K., and S. Narayanan. "Active vibration control of beams with optimal placement of piezoelectric sensor/actuator pairs." Smart Materials and Structures 17, no. 5 (August 1, 2008): 055008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/17/5/055008.

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Lin, Y‐J, and Suresh V. Venna. "A novel method for piezoelectric transducers placement for passive vibration control of geometrically non‐linear structures." Sensor Review 28, no. 3 (June 27, 2008): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602280810882599.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose an effective and novel methodology to determine optimal location of piezoelectric transducers for passive vibration control of geometrically complicated structures and shells with various curvatures. An industry‐standard aircraft leading‐edge structure is considered for the actuator placement analysis and experimental verification.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed method is based on finite element analysis of the underlying structure having a thin layer of piezoelectric elements covering the entire inner surface with pertinent boundary conditions. All the piezoelectric properties are incorporated into the elements. Specifically, modal piezoelectric analysis is performed to provide computed tomography for the evaluations of the electric potential distributions on these piezoelectric elements attributed by the first bending and torsional modes of structural vibration. Then, the outstanding zone(s) yielding highest amount of electric potentials can be identified as the target location for the best actuator placement.FindingsSix piezoelectric vibration absorbers are determined to be placed alongside both of the fixed edges. An experimental verification of the aluminum leading edge's vibration suppression using the proposed method is conducted exploiting two resistive shunt circuits for the passive damping. A good agreement is obtained between the analytical and experimental results. In particular, vibration suppression around 30 and 25 per cent and Q‐factor reduction up to 15 and 10 per cent are obtained in the designated bending and torsional modes, respectively. In addition, some amount of damping improvement is observed at higher modes of vibration as well.Research limitations/implicationsThe frequency in the proposed approach will be increased slowly and gradually from 0 to 500 Hz. When the frequency matches the natural frequency of the structure, owing to the resonant condition the plate will vibrate heavily. The vibrations of the plate can be observed by connecting a sensor to an oscilloscope. Owing to the use of only one sensor, not all the modes can be detected. Only the first few modes can be picked up by the sensor, because of its location.Practical implicationsThis method can also be used in optimizing not only the location but also the size and shape of the passive vibration absorber to attain maximum amount of damping. This can be achieved by simply changing the dimensions and shape of the piezoelectric vibration absorber in the finite element model on an iterative basis to find the configuration that gives maximum electric potential.Originality/valueThe determination of optimal location(s) for piezoelectric transducers is very complicated and difficult if the geometry of structures is curved or irregular. Therefore, it has never been reported in the literature. Here an efficient FEA‐based electric potential tomography method is proposed to identify the optimized locations for the PZT transducers for passive vibration control of geometrically complicated structures, with minimal efforts. In addition, this method will facilitate the determination of electric potentials that would be obtained at all the possible locations for piezoelectric transducers and hence makes it possible to optimize the placement and configurations of the candidate transducers on complex shape structures.

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G.K., Arunvivek, and Saravanakumar R. "Vibration Control Of Steel Frames Using Magnetorheological Dampers: A New Control Algorithm." International Journal of Civil, Environmental and Agricultural Engineering 1, no. 1 (May 30, 2019): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ijceae1919.

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Control technologies application to steel structure is mainly anticipated to enhance the structural performance against natural hazards. In particular smart base isolation system connected with semi-active isolator at the base with controllable semi devices gaining impulse for its efficiency and economic reasons. Generally the development of control design strategies through system dynamics concept had not been considered entirely for structural applications. Structural characteristics which help to divulge structural properties, hitherto flout by civil engineering circle are assimilated with control techniques to construct indices in modal and nodal coordinates for the endurance of the control action to utilize their fullest capabilities. In this study, an isolated 3D steel frame model is developed. Magneto-Rheological dampers are fixed with 3D steel frame model which act as a smart control device. Besides, Force transducers and Piezoresistive Actuator in tandem with Deltatron conditioning amplifier are also used. Presently many techniques are employed for the optimum placement of actuators and sensors in vibration control systems. The concept of controllability-observability is used in these methods. The specific relationship between the vibration modes and controllability-observability simplifies this approach. This study envisaged the compatibility of force transducers along with triaxial and uniaxial accelerometers fixed at various trial spots on the model structure to quantify the damping force and absolute accelerations of the structure and the dampers individually, positioned in the system, against the excitation of the structure.

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Shelley, F. J., and W. W. Clark. "Active Mode Localization in Distributed Parameter Systems with Consideration of Limited Actuator Placement, Part 2: Simulations and Experiments." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 122, no. 2 (July 1, 1995): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.568454.

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The purpose of this two-part work is to apply active mode localization techniques to distributed parameter systems where control actuator and sensor placement is a limiting factor. In this paper, Part 2 of the study, the SVD eigenvector shaping technique examined in Part 1 is utilized to numerically and experimentally localize the response of a simply supported beam. This is done for two reasons. First, it demonstrates the application of this modified mode localization technique to a distributed parameter system. Second, it shows that it is possible to use this method to produce vibration isolation, reducing the absolute displacements in designated portions of the system while simultaneously curtailing the number of necessary control sensors and actuators. [S0739-3717(00)70302-3]

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Khushnood, Muhammad Atif, Wang Xiaogang, and Cui Naigang. "A criterion for optimal sensor placement for minimizing spillover effects on optimal controllers." Journal of Vibration and Control 24, no. 8 (July 25, 2016): 1469–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546316661471.

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Optimal control techniques (LQG, H∞, etc.) offer several advantages for active vibration control, such as possibility of trade-off between achievable vibration attenuation and required control inputs, simultaneous suppression of multiple modes, unified and systematic controller design procedure for MIMO systems. However, a major limitation in their application has been the phenomena of spillover. For optimal controllers robustness to spillover is achieved by rolling-off controller response. In this paper, a novel criterion of sensors placement to minimize roll-off requirement, for given actuator locations, is proposed. As an illustration H∞ control is applied for suppressing first two modes of a slewing spacecraft. Comparison of results obtained for sensor location based on proposed criterion with those of collocated sensor location showed: (a) for a given controller order, performance characteristics similar to collocated control with improved robustness to spillover can be obtained by using the proposed criterion of sensor placement; (b) with proposed placement criterion robustness to spillover can be maintained with lower order controller as compared with the minimum controller order required for collocated control.

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Kumar, Rajiv, and Moinuddin Khan. "Pole Placement Techniques for Active Vibration Control of Smart Structures: A Feasibility Study." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 129, no. 5 (April 24, 2007): 601–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2748474.

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It is well known that there is degradation in the performance of a fixed parameter controller when the system parameters are subjected to a change. Conventional controllers can become even unstable, with these parametric uncertainties. This problem can be avoided by using robust and adaptive control design techniques. However, to obtain robust performance, it is desirable that the closed-loop poles of the perturbed structural system remain at prespecified locations for a range of system parameters. With the aim to obtain robust performance by manipulating the closed loop poles of the perturbed system, feasibility of the pole placement based controller design techniques is checked for active vibration control applications. The controllers based on the adaptive and robust pole placement method are implemented on smart structures. It was observed that the adaptive pole placement controllers are noise tolerant, but require high actuator voltages to maintain stability. However, robust pole placement controllers require comparatively small amplitude of control voltage to maintain stability, but are noise sensitive. It was realized that by using these techniques, robust stability and performance can be obtained for a moderate range of parametric uncertainties. However, the position of closed-loop poles should be judiciously chosen for both the control design strategies to maintain stability.

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Zhao, Tian, Wei Tian, Hao Wang, Hao Liu, and Zhichun Yang. "Optimized Placement of Piezoelectric Actuator for Multichannel Adaptive Vibration Control of a Stiffened Plate." Journal of Aerospace Engineering 35, no. 1 (January 2022): 04021102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)as.1943-5525.0001341.

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Abreu, Gustavo L. C. M., José F. Ribeiro, and Valder Steffen Jr. "Experiments on Optimal Vibration Control of a Flexible Beam Containing Piezoelectric Sensors and Actuators." Shock and Vibration 10, no. 5-6 (2003): 283–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2003/594083.

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In this paper, a digital regulator is designed and experimentally implemented for a flexible beam type structure containing piezoelectric sensors and actuators by using optimal control design techniques. The controller consists of a linear quadratic regulator with a state estimator, namely a Kalman observer. The structure is a cantilever beam containing a set of sensor/actuator PVDF/PZT ceramic piezoelectric patches bonded to the beam surface at the optimal location obtained for the first three vibration modes. The equations of motion of the beam are developed by using the assumed modes technique for flexible structures in infinite-dimensional models. This paper uses a method of minimizing the effect of the removed higher order modes on the low frequency dynamics of the truncated model by adding a zero frequency term to the low order model of the system. A measure of the controllability and observability of the system based on the modal cost function for flexible structures containing piezoelectric elements (intelligent structures) is used. The observability and controllability measures are determined especially to guide the placement of sensors and actuators, respectively. The experimental and numerical transfer functions are adjusted by using an optimization procedure. Experimental results illustrate the optimal control design of a cantilever beam structure.

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Shahravi, Morteza, and Milad Azimi. "A comparative study for collocated and non-collocated sensor/actuator placement in vibration control of a maneuvering flexible satellite." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 229, no. 8 (July 21, 2014): 1415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406214544182.

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This paper presents a study concerning the vibration control of smart flexible sub-structures of satellite during attitude maneuver. A comparison between the collocated and non-collocated piezoceramic patches acting as sensors and actuators is performed in order to investigate their effectiveness to suppress vibrations in flexible substructures. A rigid hub with two elastic appendages containing surface bounded piezoelectric patches is being considered as satellite model. Finite element method and Lagrangian formulation are used for derivation of system equations of motion. Stability proof of the overall closed-loop system is given via Lyapunov analysis. The numerical simulations verify the results of the study.

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Leniowska, Lucyna, Marcin Grochowina, Mariusz Sierżęga, and Bogumił Hołota. "An Adaptive Method for Reducing Vibrations of Circular Plates with Recursive Identification." Applied Sciences 12, no. 5 (March 6, 2022): 2723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12052723.

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The article presents an adaptive control procedure based on the online recursive identification of the best estimated model of plate bending vibration for vibration cancelation. The test object was a thin, circular aluminum plate, clamped at the edge, with MFC actuator and a velocity feedback signal. The sensor signal was collected using the non-contact laser measurement method. The system model of the plate was identified online using identification technique based on auto-regressive with exogenous input model. The control law was designed by the pole placement method solving the Diophantine equation. The adaptive controller we designed was implemented and tested on a real-time platform—PowerDAQ with an xPC Target environment. The results presented in the article confirm the correct operation of the adaptive controller and the reduction of vibrations in a fairly wide frequency band while maintaining a relatively low order of the system model.

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Lu, En, Wei Li, Xuefeng Yang, Yuqiao Wang, and Yufei Liu. "Optimal placement and active vibration control for piezoelectric smart flexible manipulators using modal H2 norm." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 29, no. 11 (April 25, 2018): 2333–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x18770851.

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The optimal placement and active vibration control for piezoelectric smart single flexible manipulator are investigated in this study. Based on the assumed mode method and Hamilton’s principle, the dynamic equation of the piezoelectric smart single flexible manipulator is established. Then, the singular perturbation method is adopted and the coupled dynamic equation is decomposed into slow (rigid) and fast (flexible) subsystems. After that, the couple optimal placement criterion of piezoelectric actuators is proposed on the base of modal H2 norm of the fast subsystem and the change rate of natural frequencies. Using an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm, the optimal placement of piezoelectric actuators is realized. Subsequently, in order to verify the validity and feasibility of the presented optimal placement criterion, the composite controller is designed for the active vibration control of the piezoelectric smart single flexible manipulator. Finally, numerical simulations and experiments are presented. The results demonstrate that the piezoelectric smart single flexible manipulator system has a better single modal controllability and observability and has a good result on the vibration suppression using the optimization results of actuators. The proposed optimal placement criterion and method are feasible and effective.

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Ambrosio, P., F. Resta, and F. Ripamonti. "AnH2norm approach for the actuator and sensor placement in vibration control of a smart structure." Smart Materials and Structures 21, no. 12 (November 16, 2012): 125016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/21/12/125016.

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HIRAMOTO, K., H. DOKI, and G. OBINATA. "OPTIMAL SENSOR/ACTUATOR PLACEMENT FOR ACTIVE VIBRATION CONTROL USING EXPLICIT SOLUTION OF ALGEBRAIC RICCATI EQUATION." Journal of Sound and Vibration 229, no. 5 (February 2000): 1057–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jsvi.1999.2530.

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Hanagan, Linda M., Ernest C. Kulasekere, Kirthi S. Walgama, and Kamal Premaratne. "Optimal Placement of Actuators and Sensors for Floor Vibration Control." Journal of Structural Engineering 126, no. 12 (December 2000): 1380–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2000)126:12(1380).

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Sierżęga, Mariusz, and Lucyna Leniowska. "The Application of xPC Target Platform for a Circular Plate Vibration Control." Solid State Phenomena 248 (March 2016): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.248.135.

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The goal of this work is to describe a control procedure that simplifies the implementation and improves the performance of feedback active control on a planar structure. The article presents a design, development and experimental verification of an active feedback vibration control system of circular plate with the application of xPC Target platform. Vibrations of the plate are measured using MFC sensors. The control input is applied to the plate by a MFC disk, attached to the plate in its center. The plate vibrations were excited by a loudspeaker or by a second MFC actuator placed at a certain distance from the center of the disc.The basic philosophy is the off-line identification of the best model for the controlled process [1] and the subsequent synthesis of the controller. There are many classical strategies that can be used when a mathematical model is available, for instance, poles allocation or optimal control (LQR), used also by the authors [2, 3]. This article proposes an approach to design an effective controller for vibration suppression of a circular plate with the use of the pole placement method. For the considered system a linear discrete model obtained by parametric identification method for the data measured in a separate experiment has been designated. This model was used to develop the 6-th order digital controller which was implemented on xPC Target platform. Before implementation of the chosen control law design on real plant the simulations in Simulink/Matlab were performed. In order to investigate the influence of the implemented controller on the plate vibrations suppression the 3D scanning vibrometer has been used. The obtained simulation and experimental results, corresponding to the developed active vibration control system have been presented, compared and analyzed.

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Seba, Bouzid, Nikola Nedeljkovic, and Boris Lohmann. "Actuator/sensor placement optimization for vibration control based on finite element model of the car chassis." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 115, no. 5 (May 2004): 2575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4784188.

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KAMEYAMA, Masaki, Shinji NAKAJIMA, Hironobu TANIGUCHI, and Ryohei SUZUKI. "Multi-modal Vibration Control of Laminated Plates based on the Optimal Placement of a Sensor/Actuator." Proceedings of Conference of Hokuriku-Shinetsu Branch 2018.55 (2018): H044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmehs.2018.55.h044.

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Molter, Alexandre, Otávio A. Alves da Silveira, Jun S. Ono Fonseca, and Valdecir Bottega. "Simultaneous Piezoelectric Actuator and Sensor Placement Optimization and Control Design of Manipulators with Flexible Links Using SDRE Method." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2010 (2010): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/362437.

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This paper presents a control design for flexible manipulators using piezoelectric actuators bonded on nonprismatic links. The dynamic model of the manipulator is obtained in a closed form through the Lagrange equations. Each link is discretized using finite element modal formulation based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. The control uses the motor torques and piezoelectric actuators for controlling vibrations. An optimization problem with genetic algorithm (GA) is formulated for the location and size of the piezoelectric actuator and sensor on the links. The natural frequencies and mode shapes are computed by the finite element method, and the irregular beam geometry is approximated by piecewise prismatic elements. The State-Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE) technique is used to derive a suboptimal controller for a robot control problem. A state-dependent equation is solved at each new point obtained for the variables from the problem, along the trajectory to obtain a nonlinear feedback controller. Numerical tests verify the efficiency of the proposed optimization and control design.

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