Дисертації з теми "Activities of daily living recognition"
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1
Tayyub, Jawad. "Hierarchical modelling and recognition of activities of daily living." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22186/.
Анотація:
Activity recognition is becoming an increasingly important task in artificial intelligence. Successful activity recognition systems must be able to model and recognise activities ranging from simple short activities spanning a few seconds to complex longer activities spanning minutes or hours. We define activities as a set of qualitatively interesting interactions between people, objects and the environment. Accurate activity recognition is a desirable task in many scenarios such as surveillance, smart environments, robotic vision etc. In the domain of robotic vision specifically, there is now an increasing interest in autonomous robots that are able to operate without human intervention for long periods of time. The goal of this research is to build activity recognition approaches for such systems that are able to model and recognise simple short activities as well as complex longer activities arising from long-term autonomous operation of intelligent systems. The research makes the following key contributions: 1. We present a qualitative and quantitative representation to model simple activities as observed by autonomous systems. 2. We present a hierarchical framework to efficiently model complex activities that comprise of many sub-activities at varying levels of granularity. Simple activities are modelled using a discriminative model where a combined feature space, consisting of qualitative and quantitative spatio-temporal features, is generated in order to encode various aspects of the activity. Qualitative features are computed using qualitative spatio-temporal relations between human subjects and objects in order to abstractly represent the simple activity. Unlike current state-of-the-art approaches, our approach uses significantly fewer assumptions and does not require any knowledge about object types, their affordances, or the constituent activities of an activity. The optimal and most discriminating features are then extracted, using an entropy-based feature selection process, to best represent the training data. A novel approach for building models of complex long-term activities is presented as well. The proposed approach builds a hierarchical activity model from mark-up of activities acquired from multiple annotators in a video corpus. Multiple human annotators identify activities at different levels of conceptual granularity. Our method automatically infers a ‘part-of’ hierarchical activity model from this data using semantic similarity of textual annotations and temporal consistency. We then consolidate hierarchical structures learned from different training videos into a generalised hierarchical model represented as an extended grammar describing the over all activity. We then describe an inference mechanism to interpret new instances of activities. Simple short activity classes are first recognised using our previously learned generalised model. Given a test video, simple activities are detected as a stream of temporally complex low-level actions. We then use the learned extended grammar to infer the higher-level activities as a hierarchy over the low-level action input stream. We make use of three publicly available datasets to validate our two approaches of modelling simple to complex activities. These datasets have been annotated by multiple annotators through crowd-sourcing and in-house annotations. They consist of daily activity videos such as ‘cleaning microwave’, ‘having lunch in a restaurant’, ‘working in an office’ etc. The activities in these datasets have all been marked up at multiple levels of abstraction by multiple annotators, however no information on the ‘part-of’ relationship between activities is provided. The complexity of the videos and their annotations allows us to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
2
Viard, Kévin. "Modelling and Recognition of Human Activities of Daily Living in a Smart Home." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLN022/document.
Анотація:
La plupart des travaux réalisés dans le domaine de l'assistance à l'autonomie à domicile (AAL) reposent sur l'utilisation de capteurs visuels et audio tels que des caméras. Or, ces capteurs sont souvent rejetés par le patient à cause de leur caractère invasif. Des approches alternatives requièrent l'utilisation de capteurs embarqués sur la personne (GPS, bracelets électroniques ou puces RFID dans les vêtements...), et leur pertinence est donc ramenée à l'hypothèse que les personnes les portent effectivement, sans jamais les rejeter ni les oublier. Pour ces raisons, dans cette thèse, nous trouvons plus pertinentes les approches uniquement basées sur l'utilisation de capteurs binaires intégrés dans l'habitat, tels que les détecteurs de mouvements, les tapis sensitifs ou les barrières optiques. Dans un tel contexte technologique, il devient intéressant d'utiliser les paradigmes, les modèles et les outils des systèmes à événement Discrets (SED), initialement plutôt développés pour la modélisation, l'analyse et la commande des systèmes industriels complexes. Dans ces travaux de thèse, l'objectif est de construire une approche pour la modélisation et le suivi des habitudes de vie, basée sur les modèles et les paradigmes des SED et répondant à une problématique qui s'énonce de la manière suivante : L'objectif est de développer un cadre global pour découvrir et reconnaître les activités de la vie quotidienne d'un habitant vivant seul dans une maison intelligente. Cette maison intelligente doit être équipée uniquement de capteurs binaires, l'étiquetage par des experts des activités observées ne doit pas être nécessaire et les activités peuvent être représentées par des modèles probabilistes. La première méthode présentée dans cette thèse permet, à partir d'une base de données d'apprentissage et d'une description experte des activités à modéliser listées par des médecins, de construire pour chaque activité un modèle sous la forme d'un automate à état-fini probabiliste (PFA). La seconde méthode développée lors de cette thèse permet d'estimer en temps réel, à partir des seules données observées par les capteurs ambiants, quelle activité la personne observée réalise effectivement. Les méthodes décrites dans cette thèse sont illustrées en utilisant les données générées localement via l'utilisation d'un appartement prêté par ENS Paris-Saclay équipé pour répondre aux besoins expérimentaux de cette thèseMost of the work done in the field of ambient assisted living (AAL) is based on the use of visual and audio sensors such as cameras. However, these sensors are often rejected by the patient because of their invasiveness. Alternative approaches require the use of sensors embedded on the person (GPS, electronic wristbands or RFID chips in clothing ...), and their relevance is therefore reduced to the assumption that people actually wear them, without rejecting nor forgetting them. For these reasons, in this thesis, we find more relevant the approaches based on the use of binary sensors integrated into the habitat only, such as motion detectors, sensory mats or optical barriers. In such a technological context, it becomes interesting to use paradigms, models and tools of Discrete Event Systems (DES), initially developed for modeling, analysis and control of complex industrial systems. In this thesis work, the goal is to build an activity of daily living modeling and monitoring approach, based on the models and the paradigm of the DES and answering a problem that is expressed as follows:The objective is to develop a global framework to discover and recognise activities of daily living of an inhabitant living alone in a smart home. This smart home have to be equipped with binary sensors only, expert labeling of activities should not be needed and activities can be represented by probabilistic models. The first method presented in this thesis allows to build a probabilistic finite-state automata (PFA) from a learning database and an expert description of the activities to be modeled given by the medical staff. The second method developed during this thesis estimates, according to the observations, the activity performed by the monitored inhabitant. The methods described in this thesis are applied on data generated using an apartment lent by ENS Paris-Saclay and equipped according the experimental needs of this thesis
La maggior parte dei lavori nel settore dell’Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) si basasull’uso di sensori visivi e audio come le telecamere. Tuttavia, questi sensori sonospesso rifiutati dal paziente a causa della loro natura invasiva. Gli approcci alternativi richiedono l’uso di sensori integrati nella persona (GPS, bracciali elettronici o chipRFID...), e la loro rilevanza è quindi ridotta all’ipotesi che le persone li indossino effettivamente, senza mai rifiutarli o dimenticarli.Per questi motivi, in questa tesi, troviamo approcci più rilevanti basati esclusivamente sull’uso di sensori binari integrati nell’habitat, come rilevatori di movimento,tappeti sensoriali o barriere fotoelettriche.In tale contesto tecnologico, diventa interessante utilizzare i paradigmi, i modelli egli strumenti dei sistemi ad eventi discreti (SED), inizialmente sviluppati per la modellazione, l’analisi e il controllo di sistemi industriali complessi.In questo lavoro di tesi, l’obiettivo è quello di presentare un metodo per la modellazione e il monitoraggio delle abitudini di vita, basato sui modelli e paradigmi di SEDe rispondendo ad un problema che si esprime come segue : L’obiettivo è quello di sviluppare un quadro globale per rivelare e riconoscere le attività della vita quotidiana di una persona che abita da sola in una smart home chedovrebbe essere dotata solo di sensori binari. Inoltre si suppone che non sia necessarial’etichettatura delle attività osservate da parte di un esperto e tali attività sono rappresentate da modelli probabilistici.Il primo metodo presentato in questa tesi permette di costruire un modello probabilistico di automa a stati finiti (PFA) ottenuto da un database di apprendimento e unadescrizione delle attività da parte di medici. Il secondo metodo sviluppato in questa tesi stima, alla luce delle osservazioni, qualeattività svolge la persona osservata. I metodi descritti sono illustrati utilizzando dati generati localmente attraverso l’usodi un appartamento messo a disposizione da ENS Paris-Saclay e attrezzato per soddisfarele esigenze sperimentali di questa tesi
3
Li, Yunjie. "Applying Data Mining Techniques on Continuous Sensed Data : For daily living activity recognition." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informations- och kommunikationssystem, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-23424.
Анотація:
Nowadays, with the rapid development of the Internet of Things, the applicationfield of wearable sensors has been continuously expanded and extended, especiallyin the areas of remote electronic medical treatment, smart homes ect. Human dailyactivities recognition based on the sensing data is one of the challenges. With avariety of data mining techniques, the activities can be automatically recognized. Butdue to the diversity and the complexity of the sensor data, not every kind of datamining technique can performed very easily, until after a systematic analysis andimprovement. In this thesis, several data mining techniques were involved in theanalysis of a continuous sensing dataset in order to achieve the objective of humandaily activities recognition. This work studied several data mining techniques andfocuses on three of them; Decision Tree, Naive Bayes and neural network, analyzedand compared these techniques according to the classification results. The paper alsoproposed some improvements to the data mining techniques according to thespecific dataset. The comparison of the three classification results showed that eachclassifier has its own limitations and advantages. The proposed idea of combing theDecision Tree model with the neural network model significantly increased theclassification accuracy in this experiment.
4
Peng, Yingli. "Improvement of Data Mining Methods on Falling Detection and Daily Activities Recognition." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informations- och kommunikationssystem, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-25521.
Анотація:
With the growing phenomenon of an aging population, an increasing numberof older people are living alone for domestic and social reasons. Based on thisfact, falling accidents become one of the most important factors in threateningthe lives of the elderly. Therefore, it is necessary to set up an application to de-tect the daily activities of the elderly. However, falling detection is difficult to recognize because the "falling" motion is an instantaneous motion and easy to confuse with others.In this thesis, three data mining methods were employed on wearable sensors' value; first which contains the continuous data set concerning eleven activities of daily living, and then an analysis of the different results was performed. Not only could the fall be detected, but other activities could also be classified. In detail, three methods including Back Propagation Neural Network, Support Vector Machine and Hidden Markov Model are applied separately to train the data set.What highlights the project is that a new idea is put forward, the aim of which is to design a methodology of accurate classification in the time-series data set. The proposed approach, which includes obtaining of classifier parts and the application parts allows the generalization of classification. The preliminary results indicate that the new method achieves the high accuracy of classification,and significantly performs better than other data mining methods in this experiment.
5
Ball, Stephen. "Investigating telemonitoring technologies for the detection of activities and the application of BLE in smart homes for elderly independent living." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/123510/1/Stephen%20Ball%20Thesis.pdf.
Анотація:
Due to the rise in the elderly population and the prevalence of chronic diseases, healthcare organizations around the world are faced with an economic burden which will continue to grow. For this reason there is an urgent demand to reduce the intake of elders in hospitals and nursing homes by allowing them to live independently for greater lengths of time. In response to this demand, researchers are strongly focusing on 'telemonitoring', which is the use of information technology (IT) to monitor the health status of an individual from a remote location (e.g. their home).
The first aim of this thesis was to investigate how telemonitoring technologies can detect elderly activities for health assessment purposes. To assess a patient's health status holistically, a wide variety of factors needed be considered by practitioners. Currently many telemonitoring technologies in research have addressed these factors/assessments by monitoring elderly activities. However based on the literature reviews, researchers have not been able to develop a comprehensive understanding of how these technologies support each assessment.
Therefore the first contribution in chapter 3 of this thesis addresses this gap. A literature review was conducted where 215 telemonitoring technologies were identified from 82 papers, published between 2000 and 2016. Six assessments which involve monitoring of activities were identified as (1) mobility, (2) nutrition, (3) safety, (4) cognitive, (5) social, and (6) routine. All included technologies were categorized into six tables according to the assessment that they supported. From assessing the contents of these tables, it was found that a significant portion of ITs relate to mobility, nutritional, safety and routine assessments. Many of the studies were found to assess technologies inside of laboratory setting and still require improvement before they are suited for real world application. It also found that many of the technologies were not equipped with wireless communication.
In recent years recently have been focusing been integrating wireless sensing technology into telemonitoring applications. Many of these wireless technologies are small, unobtrusive, and usually need to be powered by small batteries (e.g. coin cell) which have limited capacity. For this reason, researchers have had difficulties prolonging battery life to a duration that is practical. However the recent release of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) has the potential of resolving this issue due to its power saving qualities.
The 2nd aim of this thesis is to assess the performance of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) in telemonitoring frameworks using advertising mode. Advertising mode is often used for device discovery purposes, however it can also be used to send context data without the need for device connection establishment. This method has received little investigation from researchers and yet it has the potential of offering advantages such as reduction in power consumption and manufacturing costs. Therefore in this thesis, the performance of BLE advertising mode was used within two telemonitoring applications.
Firstly, a new device called 'BLUESOUND' is proposed. The device uses ultrasound sensing technology which can efficiently differentiate multiple residents in a home environment based on their height. The device consists of three sensing/communication modules: A Passive Infrared (PIR) occupancy module, an ultrasound array module and a BLE communication module. The PIR occupancy module is used to detect walking direction, while the ultrasound array measures the resident's height. The combination of these two technologies can also be used to detect a resident's velocity. BLE advertising mode is used to communicate acquired data to a smart phone gateway/database. A new embedded algorithm was able to increase the energy efficiency of the identification technology. Comprehensive modelling and experimentation was undertaken to assess the performance the BLUESOUND device. The BLUESOUND device was able to distinguish between multiple resident identities by measuring height accurately.
Currently researchers have developed various wearable ECG monitors as there is a demand to detect the onset of cardiac disease earlier in the elderly population. However most of these devices have only lasted a couple of days on a coin cell battery which is not practical. Therefore the performance of BLE advertising mode was explored using a virtual BLE based ECG model in MATLAB. To further minimize power consumption, an ECG extraction technique (based on the 'So and Chan' algorithm [1]) was used in the model to extract some of the most significant points on the signal. Based on three simulation trails, ECG data was transferred to a scanning device with high accuracy (average of 99.62%). It was estimated that the virtual system is approximately 13 times more energy efficient compared to sending ECG stream data continuously when a connection is established.
6
Zaineb, Liouane. "Services e-santé basés sur la reconnaissance et la prédiction des activités quotidiennes dans les espaces intelligents." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1S109.
Анотація:
Les progrès de la technologie des capteurs et leur disponibilité ont permis de mesurer diverses propriétés et activités des habitants dans une maison intelligente. Cependant, l’obtention de connaissances significatives à partir d’une grande quantité d’informations collectées à partir d’un réseau de capteurs n’est pas une tâche simple. En raison de la complexité du comportement des habitants, l’extraction d’informations significatives et la prédiction précise des valeurs représentant les activités futures d’un occupant sont des défis de recherche [6]. L’objectif principal de notre travail de thèse est d’assurer une analyse efficace des données recueillies à partir des capteurs d’occupation dans une maison intelligente. A ce propos, ce travail se base sur la reconnaissance et l’évaluation des activités quotidiennes d’une personne âgée dans le but d’observer, de prédire et de suivre l’évolution de son état de dépendance, de santé et de détecter par la même occasion, la présence d’une perte ou d’une perturbation de l’autonomie en temps réelAdvances in sensor technology and their availability have measured various properties and activities of residents in a smart home. However, obtaining significant knowledge from a large amount of information collected from a sensor network is not a simple task. Due to the complexity of the behavior of the inhabitants, the extraction of meaningful information and the accurate prediction of values representing the future activities of an occupant are research challenges. The main objective of our thesis work is to ensure an efficient analysis of data collected from occupancy sensors in a smart home. In this regard, this work is based on the recognition and evaluation of the daily activities of an elderly person in order to observe, predict and monitor the evolution of his state of dependence, health and to detect by the same occasion, the presence of a loss or a disruption of autonomy in real time
7
El, Khadiri Yassine. "Inférence bayésienne pour la détection des activités de la vie quotidienne pour faciliter le maintien à domicile des personnes âgées." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0251.
Анотація:
L'augmentation de la population séniore se révèle être un enjeu de taille et une grande question de santé publique. La part démographique des personnes âgées s'agrandit de plus en plus grâce au progrès et avancés de la médecine et nos systèmes de santé. Néanmoins le vieillissement de cette population implique naturellement une pléthore de problèmes de dépendance qui y sont associés, ceci bien sûr exponentiellement. Les maisons de retraite sont des solutions généralement coûteuses et très peu appréciées. En conséquence, des solutions plus adaptées basées sur l'aide au maintien à domicile ce développement de plus en plus ces dernières années. Cette problématique se retrouve dans la croisée des chemins entre les technologies de capteurs, la télétransmission de données, l'assistance aux personnes âgées à mobilité réduite et le suivi d'activités. Cette thèse explore l'application d'algorithmes d'analyse de données pour le suivi d'activités des personnes âgées à domicile. L'idée étant qu'un suivi régulier des résidents permet d'inférer leur état de dépendance ou d'autonomie et permet aux personnels soignants d'intervenir en cas de détection d'un début de dégradation. Nous avons exploré et adapté certaines méthodes d'inférence bayésienne et segmentation de séries temporelles pour la reconnaissance d'activités. Et ensuite, nous avons proposé un outil de visualisation permettant de faciliter la détection d'anomalies ou changements de rythme de vie. Ce travail s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une thèse CIFRE. Ainsi tous les méthodes et algorithmes explorés ont été mis en production et sont exploités par la solution d'aide à domicile commercialisé par la société DiatelicThe increase of the senior population constitutes a major public health issue. The demographic share of the elderly is ever more growing thanks to the progress and advances in medicine and our health care systems. However, with the aging of this population comes a plethora of dependency problems, and this, of course, exponentially.Retirement homes are an expensive and not very popular solution. As a result, we are seeing a surge in home assisted living solutions in the recent years.This topic is in the crossroads between sensor technologies, data transmission, assistance to elderly people and activity monitoring.This thesis explores the application of data analysis algorithms for activity monitoring of elderly people at home. The idea is that with day-to-day monitoring of residents it is possible to infer their autonomy and capacity to perform day-to-day tasks. It also allows caregivers to intervene in cases where the start of some degradation is detected.We explored and adapted some Bayesian inference and time series segmentation methods for activity recognition. And then, we proposed a visualization tool to facilitate the detection of anomalies or changes in everyday habits.This work is part of a CIFRE thesis. The methods and algorithms presented have been put into production and are packaged into Diatelic's the assisted living commercial solution
8
Burgio, Francesca. "Numerical Activities of Daily Living (NADL) and Numerical Activities of Daily Living - Financial (NADL-F) in Neurological Diseases." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422287.
Анотація:
What is the impact of acalculia upon an individual’s everyday life? In clinical practice, a few measures of Activities of Daily Living are available. In these batteries, however, numerical abilities were not distinguished from other abilities. As a consequence, no instrument has been made available so far to measure the nature and the extent of damage to everyday life specifically brought by acalculia in a given individual. The first aim of this series of studies was to build and validate an instrument, the Numerical Activities of Daily Living (NADL), designed to measure this impact. The first section of the thesis describes the psychometric properties of the newly created NADL and the specific profiles observed among patients suffering of several neurological diseases (a specific study was devoted to neurofibromatosis type 1) by using this instrument; patients with a right hemisphere focal lesion were also the object of a specific study). A further development of NADL (NADL-Children) was built for the assessment of numerical activities of daily living in children: it helped to predict math school performance after the first year of primary school.
In the second section we deepened one particular aspect of daily living activities requiring numbers (i.e. dealing with finances) found to be critical in our studies employing NADL. Indeed, the loss of financial capacity can have serious legal, economical, and personal consequences on an individual. Therefore, we additionally created a tool (Numerical Activities of Daily Living - Financial; NADL-F) that was also successfully validated in clinical populations in Italy as the second scope of this thesis. We also explored the differences in financial and numerical domains between MCI and healthy controls by means of NADL and NADL-F. The cognitive domains found to be involved in the deficit may be appropriate targets for future intervention studies aimed at preserving functional independence in individuals with MCI. Finally we also correlated the performance in the NADL and NADL-F test with anatomical brain changes. The investigation of the neural correlates of financial and other daily numerical abilities will help us to better define the knowledge of this high-level functions; moreover the neuroimaging studies will shed light on the brain areas related to the performance in financial tasks, and will be useful to find out the predictors of the time-course of decline in financial capacities.Qual'è l'impatto dell'acalculia sulla vita quotidiana? Nella pratica clinica, solo pochi strumenti sono disponibili. In queste batterie, oltretutto, le abilità numeriche non vengono distinte dalle altre abilità della vita quotidiana. Di conseguenza non vi è alcuno strumento che possa misurare l'impatto della acalculia nella vita quotidiana. Il primo obiettivo di questa serie di studi è stato dunque quello di costruire e validare uno strumento, il Numerical Activities of Daily Living (NADL), per misurare questo impatto. La prima sezione della tesi descrive le proprietà psicometriche del test NADL ed in particolar modo, vengono esplorati diversi profili di errori specifici per ogni singola patologia neurologica considerata ad esempio nei pazienti con neurofibromatosi e nei pazienti con lesione emisferica destra. Un ulteriore sviluppo del NADL (NADL-Children) è stato costruito al fine di valutare le abilità numeriche della vita quotidiana nei bambini. Nella seconda sezione viene approfondito un particolare aspetto delle attività di vita quotidiana in cui l'uso dei numeri è essenziale, l'uso del denaro. La perdita della capacità finanziaria può avere delle serie implicazioni sul piano legale ed economico oltre che personale. Abbiamo dunque creato uno strumento specificatamente pensato per questo fine (Numerical Activities of Daily Living - Financial; NADL-F). Il secondo obiettivo della tesi è stato quello di validare lo strumento per poterlo rendere diponibile in Italia e applicarlo a differenti popolazioni cliniche. Abbiamo inoltre esplorato le differenze nei domini numerici e finanziari sia in soggetti di controllo sani che in pazienti con deterioramento cognitivo lieve utilizzando sia il NADL che il NADL-F. I domini cognitivi che sono risultati essere implicati nel deficit potrebbero essere l'obiettivo di futuri interventi riabilitativi di studi successivi che hanno come obiettivo quello di preservare l'indipendenza funzionale e l'autonomia dei pazienti con deterioramento cognitivo lieve. Infine, abbiamo correlato la performance sia al NADL che al NADL-F con le differenze volumetriche cerebrali associate sia nei pazienti che nei controlli. Lo studio dei correlati neurali delle abilità numeriche e finanziarie ci aiuterà a fare maggiore chiarezza nello studio di queste funzioni di alto livello. Inoltre gli studi di neuroimmagine potranno chiarire le aree cerebrali legate alla performance in questi compiti che saranno utili per trovare dei predittori del declino nel corso del tempo di queste capacità.
9
Jackson, Lauren Innes. "Depression, Activities of Daily Living, and Retirement." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5220/.
Анотація:
Depression is a common clinical and subclinical psychiatric disorder in the middle-age to older adult population. This study examined the relationship between depression and activities of daily living (ADLs) in middle-age to older adults. This study examined longitudinal data from the 1998, wave 4, and 2000, wave 5, of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a National Panel Study sponsored by the National Institute on Aging. A negative cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship between higher ADL scores and depression was hypothesized. A goal of the present study was to determine the temporal precedence of these two constructs using a cross-lag panel design to first examine the cross-sectional relationship between ADLs and depression at time-one and at time-two, and then the time-one to time-two longitudinal relationships to examine temporal precedence possible causal relationships. Finally, differences in these correlational relationships by retirement status and then by marital status were tested. There were several interesting findings, including those who were retired in both 1998 and 2000 reported fewer ADLs (i.e., worse functioning), but also reported better health than those who were working in both 1998 and 2000. Similarly, those people who were not married in both 1998 and 2000 reported fewer ADLs but better health than those who were married in both 1998 and 2000. Married individuals reported fewer depressive symptoms than those who were not married.
10
Cheng, Pei Lai. "Biomechanical study of upper limb activities of daily living." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1996. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20389.
Анотація:
The kinematic and kinetic characteristics of arm movement during four activities of daily living: lifting a weight, driving a steering wheel, opening/closing a door and cutting were investigated in this study by using a human movement analysis system comprising a 6 camera Vicon motion analysis system, a 6 component strain-gauged transducer, a specially designed and instrumented steering wheel simulation system, a door and a cutting plate. The most important achievements of this study are: (1) Implementation of the residual analysis technique into a computer program to filter the noisy kinematic data at an autoselected cut-off frequency for each data sequence. (2) The development of a new method of representing the velocity and acceleration of points of interest using the phase plane presentation. It was found that driving is the most complicated activity investigated in this study according to the range of arm movement. From the kinetic results, it was found that the order of difficulty of the four activities can be arranged as cutting, door opening/closing, lifting, and driving according to the magnitude of the maximum resultant total shoulder moment. The difficulty of the lifting activity increased with the weight to be lifted and the height of lifting. It was also found that the major component of the shoulder moment is the flexion/extension moment for most of the activities except driving, therefore it is concluded that having sufficient shoulder flexion/extension strength is most important for conducting most upper limb activities of daily living. In addition, the results of this study provide information for improving the understanding of the biomechanics of the upper limb activities and for clinical reference.
11
Balasubramanian, Koushik. "Perception Framework for Activities of Daily Living Manipulation Tasks." Digital WPI, 2016. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/450.
Анотація:
There is an increasing concern in tackling the problems faced by the elderly community and physically in-locked people to lead an independent life experience problems with self- care. The need for developing service robots that can help people with mobility impairments is hence very essential. Developing a control framework for shared human-robot autonomy will allow locked-in individuals to perform the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) in a exible way. The relevant ADL scenarios were identi ed as handling objects, self-feeding, and opening doors for indoor nav- igation assistance. Multiple experiments were conducted, which demonstrates that the robot executes these daily living tasks reliably without requiring adjustment to the environment. The indoor manipulation tasks hold the challenge of dealing with a wide range of unknown objects. This thesis presents a framework developed for grasping without requiring a priori knowledge of the objects being manipulated. A successful manipulation task requires the combination of aspects such as envi- ronment modeling, object detection with pose estimation, grasp planning, motion planning followed by an e?cient grasp execution, which is validated by a 6+2 Degree of Freedom robotic manipulator.
12
Breloff, Scott. "Quantifying Segmental Spinal Motion during Activities of Daily Living." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13233.
Анотація:
Back pain is a very common musculoskeletal impairment in most Americans. Average annual occurrence of back pain is reported around 30% of the population and is the most common cause of activity limitation in people younger than 45 years old. Eighty percent of the back pain presents in the lumbar spine. Although this ailment is very prevalent in the American population, there is a lack of empirical evidence supporting the common clinical diagnosis and intervention back pain strategies. The frequency of back pain and the lack of treatment methods were the motivation for this investigation. It is important to better understand spine dynamics during ambulatory tasks of daily activities to identify possible biomechanical mechanisms underlying back pain.
Current biomechanical quantification methods for spine dynamics are either too invasive or not detailed enough to fully comprehend detailed spinal movement. Therefore, a non-invasive but detailed procedure to calculate spine dynamics was developed and tested. In this study, multi-segmented spine dynamics (kinematics and kinetics) were calculated during four activities of daily living (level walking (W), obstacle crossing (OC), stair ascent (SA) and stair descent (SD)).
Our findings suggested an in-vivo multi-segmented spine surface marker set is able to detect different and repeatable motion patterns during walking among various spinal segments. The sacrum to lower lumbar (SLL) joint had the largest range of motion (ROM) when compared to the other more superior joints (lower lumbar to upper lumbar and upper lumbar to lower thoracic). Furthermore, SA task demonstrated more flexion ROM than both W and SD tasks. In addition to task influence, joints at different spine levels also demonstrated different ROMs, where SLL had a greater ROM than upper lumbar to lower thoracic (ULLT) in the transverse plane. Age was found to not significantly affect the segmental spinal ROM or peak angles. The vertical segmental joint reaction forces were different between tasks, where SD yielded larger vertical reaction forces than W.
Overall, findings from this dissertation work were able to show that a multi-segment spine marker system could be an effective tool in determining different spinal dynamics during various activities of daily living.
This dissertation includes unpublished co-authored material.
13
Jean-Baptiste, Émilie Michèle Déborah. "Statistical task modeling of activities of daily living for rehabilitation." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6865/.
Анотація:
Stroke survivors suffering from cognitive deficits experience difficulty completing their daily self-care activities. The latter are referred to as activities of daily living (ADL). The resulting loss of independence makes them rely on caregivers to help them go through their daily routine. However, such reliance on caregivers may conflict with their need for privacy and willingness to keep a control over their life. A possible solution to tackle this issue is the development of an assistive or rehabilitation system.
14
Martyr, Anthony. "Cognition and activities of daily living in ageing and dementia." Thesis, Bangor University, 2013. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/cognition-and-activities-of-daily-living-in-ageing-and-dementia(2289fdb1-2d4b-4f3b-acdc-45168dd6785b).html.
15
Caselli, Paolo <1976>. "Monitoring of daily living activities in a perspective of telerehabilitation." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/386/1/Paolo_Caselli_tesi_di_dottorato_in_Bioingegneria_XIX_ciclo.pdf.
16
Caselli, Paolo <1976>. "Monitoring of daily living activities in a perspective of telerehabilitation." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/386/.
17
Avci, Umut. "Recognizing and Discovering Activities of Daily Living in Smart Environments." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368953.
Анотація:
Identifying human activities is a key task for the development of advanced and effective ubiquitous applications in fields like Ambient Assisted Living. Depending on the availability of labeled data, recognition methods can be categorized as either supervised or unsupervised. Designing a comprehensive activity recognition system that works on a real-world setting is extremely challenging because of the difficulty for computers to process the complex nature of the human behaviors.
In the first part of this thesis we present a novel supervised approach to improve the activity recognition performance based on sequential pattern mining. The method searches for patterns characterizing time segments during which the same activity is performed. A probabilistic model is learned to represent the distribution of pattern matches along sequences, trying to maximize the coverage of an activity segment by a pattern match. The model is integrated in a segmental labeling algorithm and applied to novel sequences. Experimental evaluations show that the pattern-based segmental labeling algorithm allows improving results over sequential and segmental labeling algorithms in most of the cases. An analysis of the discovered patterns highlights non-trivial interactions spanning over a signifcant time horizon. In addition, we show that pattern usage allows incorporating long-range dependencies between distant time instants without incurring in substantial increase in computational complexity of inference.
In the second part of the thesis we propose an unsupervised activity discovery framework that aims at identifying activities within data streams in the absence of data annotation. The process starts with dividing the full sensor stream into segments by identifying differences in sensor activations characterizing potential activity changes. Then, extracted segments are clustered in order to find groups of similar segments each representing a candidate activity. Lastly, parameters of a sequential labeling algorithm are estimated using segment clusters found in the previous step and the learned model is used to smooth the initial segmentation. We present experimental evaluation for two real world datasets. The results obtained show that our segmentation approaches perform almost as good as the true segmentation and that activities are discovered with a high accuracy in most of the cases. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model by comparing it with a technique using substantial domain knowledge. Our ongoing work is presented at the end of the section, in which we combine pattern-based method introduced in the first part of the thesis with the activity discovery framework. The results of the preliminary experiments indicate that the combined method is better in discovering similar activities than the base framework.
18
AVCI, Umut. "Recognizing and Discovering Activities of Daily Living in Smart Environments." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2013. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/1133/1/thesis_UmutAvci.pdf.
Анотація:
Identifying human activities is a key task for the development of advanced and effective ubiquitous applications in fields like Ambient Assisted Living. Depending on the availability of labeled data, recognition methods can be categorized as either supervised or unsupervised. Designing a comprehensive activity recognition system that works on a real-world setting is extremely challenging because of the difficulty for computers to process the complex nature of the human behaviors.
In the first part of this thesis we present a novel supervised approach to improve the activity recognition performance based on sequential pattern mining. The method searches for patterns characterizing time segments during which the same activity is performed. A probabilistic model is learned to represent the distribution of pattern matches along sequences, trying to maximize the coverage of an activity segment by a pattern match. The model is integrated in a segmental labeling algorithm and applied to novel sequences. Experimental evaluations show that the pattern-based segmental labeling algorithm allows improving results over sequential and segmental labeling algorithms in most of the cases. An analysis of the discovered patterns highlights non-trivial interactions spanning over a signifcant time horizon. In addition, we show that pattern usage allows incorporating long-range dependencies between distant time instants without incurring in substantial increase in computational complexity of inference.
In the second part of the thesis we propose an unsupervised activity discovery framework that aims at identifying activities within data streams in the absence of data annotation. The process starts with dividing the full sensor stream into segments by identifying differences in sensor activations characterizing potential activity changes. Then, extracted segments are clustered in order to find groups of similar segments each representing a candidate activity. Lastly, parameters of a sequential labeling algorithm are estimated using segment clusters found in the previous step and the learned model is used to smooth the initial segmentation. We present experimental evaluation for two real world datasets. The results obtained show that our segmentation approaches perform almost as good as the true segmentation and that activities are discovered with a high accuracy in most of the cases. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model by comparing it with a technique using substantial domain knowledge. Our ongoing work is presented at the end of the section, in which we combine pattern-based method introduced in the first part of the thesis with the activity discovery framework. The results of the preliminary experiments indicate that the combined method is better in discovering similar activities than the base framework.
19
Uitto, T. (Teemu). "Detection and recognition of daily activities by utilizing novel technologies." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201711093088.
Анотація:
This thesis studies novel outdoor and indoor positioning technologies enhanced with wearable or body worn motion sensors to recognize daily activities. In gerontology and geriatric medicine, it is fundamentally important to be able to detect changes in physical, psychosocial, and cognitive outcomes over time. In this thesis, intelligent systems for assessing aging changes were discussed. By utilizing novel technologies and methods, efficiency of home care services can be improved. The studied concept enables early detection of changes in functional ability and daily performance. As a research methods both interviews and literature studies were used. The technology study was conducted as a literature study, whereas the concept creation and selection of suitable technologies were based on interviews with experts belonging to 5GTN alliance. As a result, technologies for outdoor and indoor tracking were selected, and sensors for real time tracking of the daily activities and routines were proposed. Pilot project of indoor tracking of elderly people is starting in autumn 2017. Results of that are not covered in this thesis but those are covered in forthcoming thesesOpinnäytetyössä tutkittiin ulko- ja sisäpaikannusteknologioita, sekä yhdessä niiden kanssa käytettäviä kannettavia ja/tai puettavia liikesensoreita, joilla voidaan havaita ja tunnistaa päivittäisiä aktiviteettejä. Ikääntyvien ihmisten hoidossa on erinomaisen tärkeää pystyä havaitsemaan muutoksia fyysisessä, psykososiaalisessa sekä kognitiivisessa toimintakyvyssä. Tässä työssä käsiteltiin älykkäitä järjestelmiä ikääntymisestä aiheutuneiden muutosten arvioimiseksi. Uusia teknologioita ja menetelmiä hyödyntämällä voidaan parantaa kotihoitopalvelujen tehokkuutta. Työssä tutkittu konsepti mahdollistaa toimintakyvyn muutosten, sekä päivittäisen suorituskyvyn muutosten varhaisen tunnistamisen. Tutkimusmenetelminä käytettiin sekä haastatteluja että kirjallisuustutkimuksia. Teknologiatutkimus suoritettiin kirjallisuustutkimuksena eri lähteistä, kun taas konseptointi ja teknologioiden valinta suoritettiin haastattelemalla 5GTN allianssiin kuuluvia moniammatillisia asiantuntijoita. Tutkimuksen tuloksena valittiin käytettävät teknologiat ulko- ja sisäpaikannusmenetelmiin, sekä valittiin sensorityypit päivittäisten toimintojen ja rutiinien reaaliaikaiseen seurantaan. Syksyllä 2017 on käynnistymässä pilottiprojekti, jossa sisätila-antureiden avulla seurataan ikäihmisten toimintaa omassa kodissaan. Tuloksia tuosta projektista ei käsitellä tässä opinnäytetyössä, vaan ne käsitellään tulevissa opinnäytteissä
20
Ferguson, Rachel. "The impact of activities of daily living on seating interface pressures." Thesis, Ulster University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604657.
Анотація:
Even though the prevention of pressure ulcers is a priority area for healthcare agencies globally (Dunn & Stander, 2008; Graves et aI., 2005; Russo & Exilhauser, 2006), these challenging wounds continue to trouble individuals with impaired sensation, prolonged im111obility, or advanced age. The purpose of this thesis W<1S to investigate the effectiveness of integrating pressure redistributing activities into everyday life for reducing interface pressures for individuals at risk of ulceration. The first study reviewed the literature and found that the majority of individuals at risk of developing pressure ulcers do not adhere with the pressure relieving frequency currently recommended. It also highlighted that there is no known magnitude of movement currently recommended to relieve interface pressure. In order to measure magnitude of seated movement, the second study explored the effect of anatomical positioning of the Activpal3 accelerometer. The 1110St stable measurement came t1'0111 the accelerometer placed at the sternum. The third study investigated the etTect of duration and magnitilde of forward reach on body seat interface pressures of able bodied subjects sitting in a wheelchair. Reaching forward significantly redistributed pressure at the seating interface, as demonstrated by the change in dispersion index and contact area compared to upright sitting. The f0U11h study investigated the time that older adults spend in sitting while on a rehabilitation ward and how frequently they engage or are assisted to engage in repositioning movements when sitting. The older adults spent the majority of their time in a seated position and did not perf 01111 seated movements at <1 magnitude large enough to redistribute seating interface pressures. The final study investigated the pressure relieving behaviours of SCI individuals during everyday computer use, and the application of an ergonomically adapted computer-based activity to reduce seating interface pressures. The majority of movements perfon11ed by participants in this study had minimal etfect on interface pressures, yet many of the participants believed they performed frequent pressure reliefs. This thesis evidences the need for individual assessments and pressure relieving strategies, and introduces a novel concept of integrating pressure relief within everyday activities.
21
Pathirage, Don Indika Upashantha. "A Brain Robot Interface for Autonomous Activities of Daily Living Tasks." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5292.
Анотація:
There have been substantial improvements in the area of rehabilitation robotics in the recent past. However, these advances are inaccessible to a large number of people with disabilities who are in most need of such assistance. This group includes people who are in a severely paralyzed state, that they are completely "locked-in" in their own bodies. Such persons usually retain full cognitive abilities, but have no voluntary muscle control.
For these persons, a Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is often the only way to communicate with the outside world and/or control an assistive device. One major drawback to BCI devices is their low information transfer rate, which can take as long as 30 seconds to select a single command. This can result in mental fatigue to the user, specially if it necessary to make multiple selections over the BCI to complete a single task. Therefore, P300 based BCI control is not efficient for controlling a assistive robotic device such as a robotic arm.
To address this shortcoming, a novel vision based Brain Robot Interface (BRI) is presented in this thesis. This visual user interface allows for selecting an object from an unstructured environment and then performing an action on the selected object using a robotic arm mounted to a power wheelchair. As issuing commands through BCI is slow, this system was designed to allow a user to perform a complete task via a BCI using an autonomous robotic system while issuing as few commands as possible. Furthermore, the new visual interface allows the user to perform the task without losing concentration on the stimuli or the task. In our interface, a scene image is captured by a camera mounted on the wheelchair, from which, a dynamically sized non-uniform stimulus grid is created using edge information. Dynamically sized grids improve object selection efficiency. Oddball paradigm and P300 Event Related Potentials (ERP) are used to select stimuli, where the stimuli being each cell in the grid. Once selected, object segmentation and matching is used to identify the object. Then the user, using BRI, chooses an action to be performed on the object by the wheelchair mounted robotic arm (WMRA). Tests on 8 healthy human subjects validated the functionality of the system. An average accuracy of 85.56% was achieved for stimuli selection over all subjects. With the proposed system, it took the users an average of 5 commands to perform a task on an object. The system will eventually be useful for completely paralyzed or locked-in patients for performing activities of daily living (ADL) tasks.
22
Nätterlund, Birgitta. "Living with muscular dystrophy : Illness experience, activities of daily living, coping, quality of life and rehabilitation." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-641.
Анотація:
The overall aim was to study and gain knowledge about what it means to live with muscular dystrophy and to study rehabilitation from the patient's perspective, among adults with muscular dystrophy in three Swedish counties: Örebro, Östergötland and Norrbotten. The thesis comprises two qualitative and three quantitative studies. Thirty interviews about illness experience were subjected to content analysis and 37 interviews about perceived support in rehabilitation were analysed according to phenomenological guidelines. Data were also collected by the Assessment of Problem-focused Coping (APC), the ADL Staircase, the Self-report ADL, the Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale, the Sickness Impact Profile, the Psychosocial well-being questionnaire and the Quality of Life Profile. The APC was developed for assessment of problem-focused coping and also covers questions concerning the extent to which activities are experienced as problems and satisfaction with activities. The result shows that the experience of illness is largely similar in the three diagnostic groups (proximal MD, Myotonic muscular dystrophy, Myopathia distalis tarda hereditaria). The persons reported many restrictions of everyday activities, most often in mobility and transportation. Over half were dependent on other people in activities of daily living, and the illness was experienced mainly as having negative consequences for everyday life. A lower quality of life may be partly explained by a reduced capacity for activities. Problem-focused coping was used only to a limited extent, and 'Fighting spirit' was the dominant coping strategy. Rehabilitation was experienced as very valuable, particularly the education about the muscle disease, technical aids, grants and physical training. Over a five-year period, disability and quality of life of the study participants deteriorated significantly, and the dependence on other people increased.
23
Nätterlund, Birgitta. "Living with muscular dystrophy : illness experience, activities of daily living, coping, quality of life and rehabilitation /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-4997-2/.
24
Jarque, Bou Néstor José. "Kinematic and muscular characterisation of the hand during activities of daily living." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668128.
Анотація:
This thesis presents contributions to the kinematic and muscular characterisation of the hand during the activities of daily living (ADL). Orientation and position data of the rotation axes of metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints are provided, obtained in vivo using a robust optimization method. Multivariate statistical methods are used for dimensional reduction of kinematics by identifying synergies (and providing their temporal evolution during ADL and grasps), and to identify a minimum set of representative forearm areas of superficial muscle activity (sEMG) during ADL. The role of the muscles to perform different grasps is deepened, and a synchronized database of sEMG and hand kinematics in ADL is presented. Finally, the database is used in a preliminary study of the relationship between kinematics and sEMG during reaching and manipulation phases. The results can be applied in prosthetic control and functional evaluation.Esta tesis presenta contribuciones a la caracterización cinemática y muscular de la mano durante la realización de actividades de la vida diaria (AVD). Se proporcionan datos de orientación y posición de los ejes de rotación de articulaciones metacarpofalángicas e interfalángicas, obtenidos in vivo aplicando un método de optimización robusto. Se utilizan métodos de estadística multivariante para la reducción dimensional de la cinemática identificando sinergias (y proporcionando su evolución temporal durante AVD y agarres), y para identificar un conjunto mínimo de zonas representativas de la actividad muscular superficial (sEMG) durante AVD. Se profundiza en el rol de los músculos para realizar diferentes agarres, y se presenta una base de datos sincronizada de sEMG y cinemática en AVD, sobre la que se acomete un estudio preliminar de la relación entre cinemática y sEMG en las fases de alcance y manipulación, con resultados de aplicación en el control de prótesis y evaluación funcional.
25
Vaughan, Leslie Giovanello Kelly. "Executive function in daily life age-related influences of executive processes on instrumental activities of daily living /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1778.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.Title from electronic title page (viewed Sep. 16, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Psychology Department, Cognitive Program." Discipline: Psychology; Department/School: Psychology.
26
Petry, Heidemarie. "Aging happens : experiences of Swiss women living alone /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7260.
27
Ladouceur, Daniel Thomas. "Three-dimensional kinematics of seven activities of daily living commonly found in Asia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ63323.pdf.
28
Mioshi, Eneida. "Activities of daily living, behaviour and cognition in frontotemporal dementia : an integrated approach." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608417.
29
Mahmoud, S. M. "Identification and prediction of abnormal behaviour activities of daily living in intelligent environments." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2012. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/60/.
Анотація:
The aim of this research is to investigate efficient mining of useful information from a sensor network forming an Ambient Intelligence (AmI) environment. In this thesis, we investigate methods for supporting independent living of the elderly (and specifically patients who are suffering from dementia) by means of equipping their home with a simple sensor network to monitor their behaviour and identify their Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Dementia is considered to be one of the most important causes of disability in the elderly. Mostpatients would prefer to use non-intrusive technology to help them tomaintain their independence. Such monitoring and prediction would allow the caregiver to see any trend in the behaviour of the elderly person and to be informed of any abnormal behaviour. Employing a sensor network system allows us to extract daily behavioural patterns of the occupant in an Intelligent Inhabited Environment (IIE). This information is then used to build a behavioural model of the occupant which ultimately is applied to predict the future values representing the expected occupancy in the monitored environment. Challenges of employing wired and wireless sensor network have been widely researched. However, pattern analysis and prediction of sensory data is becoming an increasing scientific challenge and this research investigates appropriate means of pattern mining and prediction within the IIE. Door entry and occupancy sensors are used to extract the movement patterns of the occupant. These sensors produce long sequences of data as binary time series, indicating presence or absence of the occupant in different areas. It is essential to convert these binary series into a more flexible and efficient format before they are processed for any further analysis and prediction. Different ways of representing and visualizing the large sensor data sets in a format suitable for predicting and identifying the behaviour patterns are investigated. A two-stage integration of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Fuzzy Rule-Based System (FRBS) is proposed to identify important information regarding outliers or abnormal behaviours in ADLs. In the first stage, binary dissimilarities or distance measures are used to measure the distances between the activities. PCA is then applied to find two indices of Hotelling's T2 and Squared Prediction Error (SPE). In the second stage of the process, the calculated indices are provided as inputs to FRBSs to model them heuristically. They are used to identify outliers and classify them. The proposed system identifies user activities and helps in distinguishing between the normal and abnormal behavioural patterns of the ADLs. Data provided for this investigation was from real environments and from a previously developed simulator. The simulator was modified to include trending behaviour in the activities of daily living. Therefore, in the occupancy signal generated by the simulator, both seasonality and trend are included in occupant's movements. Prediction models are built through Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) after converting the occupancy binary time series. RNN have shown a great ability in finding the temporal relationships of input patterns. In this thesis, RNN are compared to evaluate their abilities to accurately predict the behaviour patterns. The experimental results show that Echo State Network (ESN) and Non-linear Autoregressive netwoRk with eXogenous (NARX) inputs correctly extract the long term prediction patterns of the occupant and outperformed the classical Elman network.
30
Thakur, Nirmalya. "Framework for a Context Aware Adaptive Intelligent Assistant for Activities of Daily Living." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1553528536685873.
31
Roda, Sales Alba. "Contributions to hand kinematics characterisation during product manipulation in activities of daily living." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672248.
Анотація:
This thesis presents contributions to the characterisation of hand kinematics during product
manipulation in activities of daily living (ADLs). The main contributions have been: (í) providing
quantifiable data of several technical aspects regarding the use of instrumented gloves for motion
capture of hand kinematics during ADLs: their effect on manual skills, fitting problems, etc., (ii)
providing an outline of the kinematic requirements of feeding and cooking tasks for a healthy
population, identifying task groups requiring extreme postures or velocities in specific joints, as
well as providing extensive data and making it available to the research community in a public
repository, and (iíí] presenting an overview of the effects of the design characteristics of assistive
devices (ADs) on hand kinematics, as a basis for the selection of the most suitable AD depending
on the patient's impairments.L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi és contribuir a la caracterització de la cinemàtica de la mà durant la manipulació de productes en activitats de la vida diaria (AVDs). Les principals contribucions d'aquesta tesi han sigut: (i) proporcionar dades quantificables sobre diversos aspectes tècnics de l'ús de guants instrumentals com a sistema de captura de moviment en AVDs: el seu efecte en la destresa manual, problemes d'ajust a la mà, etc ., (ii) presentar en línies generals els requisits cinemàtics de les tasques d'alimentació cuina per a la mà sana, i identificant grups de tasques que requereixen postures o velocitats extremes en articulacions específiques, així com proporcionar una base de dades extensa i posar-la a disposició de la comunitat científica en un repositori públic, i (íii) presentar una visió general de l' efecte de les característiques dels dispositius d'assistència (DAs) en la cinemàtica de la mà, proporcionant una base per a la selecció del DA més apropiat en funció dels impediments del pacient.
Programa de Doctorat en Tecnologies Industrials i Materials
32
Benson, Amanda Clare. "The effect of resistance training for cardiac patients on activities of daily living /." View online, 1996. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211998837419.pdf.
33
Slade, Cameron G. "EFFECTS OF LUMBAR SPINAL FUSION ON LUMBOPELVIC RHYTHM DURING ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cbme_etds/51.
Анотація:
Abnormalities in lumbopelvic rhythm (LPR) play a role in occurrence/recurrence of low back pain (LBP). The LPR before spinal fusion surgery and its changes following the surgery are not understood. A repeated measure study was designed to investigate timing and magnitude aspects of LPR in a group of patients (n = 5) with LBP before and after a spinal fusion surgery. Participants completed a forward bending and backward return task at their preferred pace in the sagittal plane. The ranges of thoracic and pelvic rotations and lumbar flexion (as the magnitude aspects of LPR) as well as the mean absolute relative phase (MARP) and deviation phase (DP) between thoracic and pelvic rotations (as the timing aspects) were calculated. Thoracic, pelvic, and lumbar rotations/flexion were respectively 2.19° smaller, 17.69° larger, and 19.85° smaller after the surgery. Also, MARP and DP were smaller during both bending (MARP: 0.0159; DP 0.009) and return (MARP: 0.041; DP: 0.015) phases of the motion after surgery. The alterations in LPR after surgery can be the result of changes in lumbar spine structure due to vertebral fusion and/or new neuromuscular adaptations in response to the changes of lumbar spine structure. The effects of altered LPR on load sharing between passive and active components of lower back tissues and the resultant spinal loads should be further investigated in patients with spinal fusion surgery.
34
Lilja, Margareta. "Elderly disabled persons in the home setting : aspects of activities in daily life /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4244-7/.
35
Komaris, Dimitrios Sokratis S. "Movement strategy identification in activities of daily living : a clinical investigation of knee bearings." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2018. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30167.
Анотація:
Introduction: Osteoarthritis is one of the leading causes of disability, and the knee joint is the most commonly affected site in the body. The last resort for treatment of end-stage knee osteoarthritis is total knee arthroplasty surgery. Despite the plethora of implant designs, the current evidence on which bearings give the most natural movement and function is still scarce. Aims: the aim of this study was to compare the functional performance of fixed and mobile bearings, with different degrees of congruency. Methods: participants underwent 3D motion capture analysis during two activities of daily living. Patient participants were recorded before, four to six weeks after, and a year after the operation. Pain and satisfaction levels were also surveyed using bespoke questionnaires and the Oxford knee score. Participants’ functional performance was accessed by means of an innovative statistical procedure (i.e. hierarchical clustering), that fruitfully classified movement patterns, and discerned healthy from unhealthy movement behaviours. Results: osteoarthritic participants used different movement strategies compared to healthy individuals. Patient participants’ arm and feet behaviour was often categorised as asymmetrical, indicating the presence of compensation mechanisms due to weakness of the affected join. Post-operational behaviour tends to converge to the controls’ performance. No differences were observed due to knee implant allocation, or anthropometric characteristics. Questionnaire analysis revealed significant improvement post-operatively in the self-assessment of patient participants, but with no eminent correlation between implant design and outcome measures. Conclusion: the proposed hierarchical clustering procedure managed to adequately, rapidly and reliably evaluate changes in the movement habits of patients after total knee arthroplasty, and access their improvement throughout their rehabilitation process.
36
Ihianle, Isibor Kennedy. "A hybrid approach to recognising activities of daily living from patterns of objects use." Thesis, University of East London, 2018. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/7541/.
Анотація:
Over the years the cost of providing assistance and support to the ever-increasing population of the elderly and the cognitively impaired has become an economic epidemic. Therefore, the emergence of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) has become imperative, as it encourages independent and autonomous living by providing assistance to the end user by conducting activity and behaviour recognition. Accurate recognition of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) play an important role in providing assistance and support to the elderly and cognitively impaired. Current knowledge-driven and ontology-based techniques model object concepts from assumptions and everyday common knowledge of object used for routine activities. Modelling activities from such information can lead to incorrect recognition of particular routine activities resulting in possible failure to detect abnormal activity trends. In cases, where such prior knowledge are not available, such techniques become virtually unemployable. A significant step in the recognition of activities is the accurate discovery of the object usage for specific routine activities. This thesis presents a hybrid approach for automatic consumption of sensor data and associating object usage to routine activities using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modelling. This process enables the recognition of simple activities of daily living from object usage and interactions in the home environment. In relation to this, the work in this thesis addresses the problem of discovering object usage as events and contexts describing specific routine activities, especially where they have not been predefined. The main contribution is the development of a hybrid knowledge-driven activity recognition approach which acquires the knowledge of object usage through activity-object use discovery for the accurate specification of activities and object concepts. The evaluation of the proposed approach on the Kasteren and Ordonez datasets show that it yields better results compared to existing techniques.
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Galt, Cynthia P. "Impact of Stress Inoculation on Performance Efficacy Linked to Instrumental Activities of Daily Living." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278069/.
Анотація:
Utilizing a sample of community-residing older adults, this pretest-posttest design evaluated the short term (approximately 1 week) impact on everyday functioning of Stress Inoculation (SI) training, a cognitive-behavioral intervention that is essentially a coping skills enhancement program. The targets of training were anxiety and concern about being able to successfully perform everyday living tasks. The training program was contrasted with a no contact (waiting list) control. In an effort to maximize the practical aspects of this study, the assessment battery included the use of two ecologically valid measures of everyday problem solving skills (one self-rated and one interviewer-rated). Also included were a measure of everyday intelligence widely used in gerontological research, two measures of self-efficacy, a geriatric depression scale, a state-trait anxiety scale, and a self-report measure of failures in perception, memory, and motor function. The results suggest that Stress Inoculation training is an effective intervention for improving everyday competence but that personal perceptions of self-efficacy and the emotional states of anxiety and depression mediate treatment effects. In general, only persons with lower levels of self-efficacy and higher levels of anxiety and/or depression saw improvement in their cognitive performance following SI training.
38
Roy, Kamolika. "Regional glucose metabolism and instrumental activities of daily living across the Alzheimer's disease spectrum." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12208.
Анотація:
Thesis (M.A.)--Boston UniversityBackground: Impairment in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) begins as individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) transition to Alzheimer‟s disease (AD) dementia. IADL impairment in AD dementia has been associated with inferior parietal, inferior temporal, and superior occipital hypometabolism using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between regional cerebral FDG metabolism and IADL cross-sectionally and longitudinally in clinically normal (CN) elderly, MCI, and mild AD dementia subjects. Methods: Four hundred and two subjects (104 CN, 203 MCI, 95 AD dementia) participating in the Alzheimer‟s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative at academic centers across North America underwent clinical assessments every 6 to 12 months for up to 3 years and FDG-PET at their baseline visits. The subjective informant-based Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ) was used to assess IADL. Data reduction analyses were first conducted to reduce 35 FDG regions to 6 regions that significantly associated with total FAQ score after adjusting for multiple tests. These 6 FDG regions were then entered into a general linear model with backward elimination (p<0.05) assessing their cross-sectional relation to baseline FAQ and a mixed random and fixed coefficient linear longitudinal regression model assessing their relation to FAQ over time. Analyses included the following covariates: diagnosis, demographics, Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) carrier status, memory and executive function, and behavioral factors. Results: The cross-sectional analysis showed that middle frontal (p=0.003) and orbitofrontal hypometabolism (p=0.009) were significantly associated with greater IADL impairment. Additionally, the interaction of diagnosis with posterior cingulate (p<0.0001) and with parahippocampal hypometabolism (p=0.0008) showed a steeper decline in IADL performance as FDG metabolism decreased for the AD dementia group relative to the MCI group, and the MCI group relative to the CN group. The longitudinal analysis showed that baseline middle frontal (p=0.0005) and posterior cingulate hypometabolism (p=0.004) were significantly associated with greater rate of increase in IADL impairment over time. Conclusions: These results suggest that frontal and medial parietal synaptic dysfunction relates to functional decline at baseline and over time across the AD spectrum independent of demographics, APOE4 carrier status, memory and executive function performance, and behavioral factors.
39
Brunette, Amanda M. "Is episodic future thinking important for instrumental activities of daily living in neurological patients?" Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6377.
Анотація:
Episodic future thinking is defined as the ability to mentally project oneself into the future into a specific time and place. Episodic future thinking has been explored extensively in neuroscience. However, it has not been determined whether the measurement of episodic future thinking might be valuable in a clinical neuropsychological setting. The current study examined the relationship between episodic future thinking and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), which is a domain of adaptive functioning frequently assessed by neuropsychologists to examine independent living potential including the ability to handle finances, prepare food, complete household duties, and manage medications. A secondary aim was to examine whether episodic future thinking is related to IADLs over and above standard measures of cognition. 61 older adults with heterogeneous neurological conditions and 41 healthy older adults completed a future thinking task (the adapted Autobiographical Interview), two measures of IADLs (an informant report measure called the Everyday Cognition Scale and a performance-based measure called the Independent Living Scales), and standard measures of memory and executive functioning. Episodic future thinking was significantly associated with performance-based IADLs when accounting for age, education, gender, and depression (r=.26, p=.010). Episodic future thinking significantly predicted performance-based IADLs over and above executive functioning (R2=.025, p=.030). Episodic future thinking was not predictive of performance-based IADLs over and above memory (p=.157). Episodic future thinking was not significantly associated with informant reported IADLs when accounting for age, education, gender, and depression (p=.284). This study suggests that episodic future thinking is significantly associated with IADLs, beyond what can be accounted for by executive functioning. Episodic future thinking may provide information about IADLs to clinical neuropsychologists so they can improve their recommendations for independent living.
40
Garg, Shobhit. "Daily Activity Monitoring and Health Assessment of the Elderly using Smappee." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1480328873499744.
41
Baker, Margaret Wooding. "Independence and older American women : a concept exploration and analysis /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7319.
42
Hill, Catherine Lindsay. "Can the performance of activities of daily living questionnaire identify children with developmental coordination disorder?" University of Western Australia. School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0096.
Анотація:
Currently a lack of guidelines for Criterion B of the DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) hampers diagnosis of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). The Performance of Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire (PADL-Q; Dewey, Larkin & Summers, 2004) is a new parent-reported instrument developed to quantify the level of interference in activities of daily living (ADL) experienced by children with DCD and was tested for its efficacy in addressing Criterion B. Thirty-two children aged between 5 and 10 years comprising two matched groups, 16 with DCD (8 boys and 8 girls) and 16 without DCD (8 boys and 8 girls) participated in the study. The aim of the research was to investigate the ability of the PADL-Q to identify differences between children with and without DCD. A further 5 children, in the same age range, who did not have DCD added data that was used to ascertain relationships between the constituent assessments. All children were tested using the MAND (McCarron, 1982) whilst their parents completed the PADL-Q. A set of Tests of Activities of Daily Living (TADL) tasks were devised for the children to perform that further validated parents ratings of children?s ADL performance. A Group x Gender MANCOVA, controlled for age, of the PADL-Q total scores demonstrated that there was a significant difference between the children with and without DCD (F(3,25) = 9.44, p < .001; Wilks' lambda = 0.47). Follow-up univariate tests showed a Group x Gender interaction and simple main effects of this interaction indicated that the PADL-Q did not discriminate between the DCD and non-DCD boys. The ability of the PADL-Q to identify DCD was explored in the concurrent validity against the MAND when using a diagnostic cut-off point. The PADL-Q demonstrated 100% specificity and positive predictive values but only 19% sensitivity and 62% negative predictive values. There was a moderately strong relationship (r = .71), between the PADL-Q total score, considered a measure of Criterion B, and the MAND, a measure of Criterion A (DSMIV- TR, 2000). A two factor (Group x Gender) ANCOVA, controlled for age, of the TADL items revealed a statistically significant effect for DCD only (F(1,19) = 34.65, p < .001). There was a moderate correlation (r = -.64) between the PADL-Q total score and the TADL tasks, indicating that parent-reports are supported by their child?s performance. The PADL-Q appears to have potential as part of the DCD diagnostic process; however, further refinement on a larger sample is necessary before it can be used as an easily-administered guide to ADL performance levels in children.
43
Fitzsimmons, Anna. "Hip joint forces in hip replacement patients and normal subjects during activities of daily living." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1995. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21386.
Анотація:
A high number of revision hip replacement operations are currently performed due to loosening of the primary implant. The loading imposed on the prosthetic joint and its fixation mechanisms may be one of the many factors contributing to the loosening process. Previous work to determine hip joint loading has concentrated on gait, stair negotiation and rising from a chair. However, since patients often comment on the difficulty of getting into and out of a car and bath, these activities are also included in the current project. The 3 orthogonal components of hip joint force have been calculated for 16 postoperative hip replacement patients between one and two years after surgery and also for 10 age-matched normals. A biomechanical model of the lower limb was developed including 37 muscle elements. Algorithms were incorporated to correct for curved muscle paths, providing realistic muscle moment arms with changing joint angle configuration. An optimization routine which minimizes the o verall maximum muscle stress was incorporated to determine muscle forces which were then used in the calculation of joint force. The model utilizes anatomical muscle and bone data, kinematics measured using a 6 camera Vicon motion analysis system and ground reaction forces measured using force platforms. In validity tests, the predicted muscle activity patterns for normal subjects were found to be consistent with published EMG data for most muscles. The mean peak resultant hip joint force of 3.8 times body weight calculated for the patients during gait at 1.01 m/s was consistent with the results published for patients with instrumented hip prostheses at a measurement time of more than 12 months after surgery. The maximum mean peak resultant hip joint force determined for patients was 5 times body weight, calculated at the left hip when getting out of the passenger side of a right hand drive car. A simple calculation of torsional moment about the stem of the femoral component during this and other activities showed it to be close to or to exceed the experimentally determined limits of torsional strength of implant fixations, reported in the literature. The maximum mean peak resultant hip joint force calculated for normals was 6.3 times body weight, determined at the left hip on getting into the passenger side of a right hand drive car. It is suggested that car entry and exit and other activities should be performed in safer styles rid that the results of this thesis should be incorporated into the design and testing of hip prostheses.
44
Hedstrom, Valerie Ann. "Activities of daily living outcomes of hospital discharge planning for people 55 years of age and over living in Yukon." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0022/MQ32127.pdf.
45
Einarsson, Ulrika. "People with multiple sclerosis in Stockholm - aspects of motor and cognitive function, activities of daily living and social/lifestyle activities /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-613-1/.
46
Delaguila, Michael Anthony. "Assessment of physical activity in patients with diabetes /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10935.
47
Aubin, Ginette. "Daily activities in people with schizophrenia : relationships with cognition and community functioning." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115848.
Анотація:
While most people with schizophrenia face the functional consequences of a lifelong disorder, very few studies have investigated the specific domain of daily living activities performance. The purpose of this thesis was to examine the relationships between daily activity performance, cognitive deficits, and community functioning in people with schizophrenia. More specifically, the objectives were: 1) to describe functional limitations during daily task performance, 2) to explore the existence of subgroups of participants with similar functional limitations profiles, 3) to explore the relationships between daily task performance and cognitive functions as well as 4) with community functioning. This thesis tested the hypothesis that limitations in task performance negatively influence community functioning.A sample of 82 individuals with schizophrenia and 28 healthy controls participated in this study and were assessed during a meal preparation task with the Perceive, Recall, Plan and Perform (PRPP) System of Task Analysis and on cognitive tests of visuospatial memory, spatial working memory, visuomotor coordination, planning and selective attention. Community functioning was assessed with the Independent living Skills Survey and the Multnomah Community Ability Scale. Limitations in the Perceive, Recall and Plan quadrants of the PRPP System, were found in participants with schizophrenia when compared to a control group (n = 28), as well as in the complete sample (n = 82). Participants in the high-efficiency subgroup ( n =36) were more independent in daily living and performed better on the visuospatial associative learning task than the low-efficiency subgroup (n = 46). At the specific level of individual profiles, participants were distributed along a continuum of low- to high-functioning on the PRPP System factors and on functional, cognitive, and clinical characteristics.
The associative learning task was most associated with task performance, along with working memory and planning. Finally, less efficient planning skills were associated with a lower level of community functioning, confirming the hypothesis. These results emphasize the relationship of associative visual memory to daily task performance, as well as that of efficiency in daily activities for residential status. Integrating these findings into the rehabilitation process will contribute to better meeting the needs of people with schizophrenia.
48
Gaudy, Jennifer Dickerson Anne. "Assessing the risk of IADL tasks from the perspective of medically-at-risk older adults and their caregivers." [Greenville, N.C.] : East Carolina University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/2231.
Анотація:
Thesis (M.S.)--East Carolina University, 2009.Presented to the faculty the Department of Occupational Therapy. Advisor: Anne Dickerson. Assessing the Risk of IADL Tasks from the Perspective of Medically-at-risk Older Adults and their Caregivers. Includes bibliographical references.
49
Doble, Susan Elizabeth. "Measuring competence in the performance of activities of daily living, the forgotten half of Alzheimer's disease." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0015/NQ57362.pdf.
50
Peters, Christian [Verfasser]. "Automatic Task Assistance for Persons with Cognitive Disabilities in Basic Activities of Daily Living / Christian Peters." Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1054135126/34.