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1
Mietchen, Matthew S., Christopher T. Short, Matthew Samore, and Eric T. Lofgren. "Examining the impact of ICU population interaction structure on modeled colonization dynamics of Staphylococcus aureus." PLOS Computational Biology 18, no. 7 (July 25, 2022): e1010352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010352.
Анотація:
Background Complex transmission models of healthcare-associated infections provide insight for hospital epidemiology and infection control efforts, but they are difficult to implement and come at high computational costs. Structuring more simplified models to incorporate the heterogeneity of the intensive care unit (ICU) patient-provider interactions, we explore how methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) dynamics and acquisitions may be better represented and approximated. Methods Using a stochastic compartmental model of an 18-bed ICU, we compared the rates of MRSA acquisition across three ICU population interaction structures: a model with nurses and physicians as a single staff type (SST), a model with separate staff types for nurses and physicians (Nurse-MD model), and a Metapopulation model where each nurse was assigned a group of patients. The proportion of time spent with the assigned patient group (γ) within the Metapopulation model was also varied. Results The SST, Nurse-MD, and Metapopulation models had a mean of 40.6, 32.2 and 19.6 annual MRSA acquisitions respectively. All models were sensitive to the same parameters in the same direction, although the Metapopulation model was less sensitive. The number of acquisitions varied non-linearly by values of γ, with values below 0.40 resembling the Nurse-MD model, while values above that converged toward the Metapopulation structure. Discussion Inclusion of complex population interactions within a modeled hospital ICU has considerable impact on model results, with the SST model having more than double the acquisition rate of the more structured metapopulation model. While the direction of parameter sensitivity remained the same, the magnitude of these differences varied, producing different colonization rates across relatively similar populations. The non-linearity of the model’s response to differing values of a parameter gamma (γ) suggests simple model approximations are appropriate in only a narrow space of relatively dispersed nursing assignments. Conclusion Simplifying assumptions around how a hospital population is modeled, especially assuming random mixing, may overestimate infection rates and the impact of interventions. In many, if not most, cases more complex models that represent population mixing with higher granularity are justified.
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Cheong, Kaman, Fanrui Guo, and Jinshi Lu. "Analysis of Huaxing Yuanchuang M&A Based on PEG and EVA Valuation Model." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 36, no. 1 (November 10, 2023): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/36/20231785.
Анотація:
In the process of expanding operations, enterprises often encounter bottlenecks in terms of capital, technology, management, and other aspects. In order to tackle these problems, enterprises often choose to issue bonds, go public, mergers and acquisitions, etc. to expand their production and business scope, update management models, and improve their competitiveness. Due to the short introduction of the merger and acquisition mechanism, the analysis and research of mergers and acquisitions by various enterprises are relatively shallow, and the success rate of mergers and acquisitions by Chinese enterprises is low. This study conducts a research and analysis on the first merger and acquisition case on the Science and Technology Innovation Board, i.e., the case of Huaxing Yuanchuang's acquisition of Olyto. Based on PEG and EVA valuation models, it analyzes the motivation and results of Huaxing Yuanchuang's acquisition of Olyto's business behavior. By valuing and comparing the stock price of Huaxing Yuanchuang before and after the merger and acquisition behavior, the conclusion that the merger and acquisition behavior is not successful is drawn. Research has found that under the PEG valuation model, the stock price of Huaxingyuan Chuang after the merger is slightly overvalued, while under the EVA valuation model, the stock price is greatly underestimated.
3
K. N. Narasimha, Prasad. "Case studies of alternative land acquisition models in india." i-manager's Journal on Humanities & Social Sciences 1, no. 1 (2019): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jhss.1.1.17107.
Анотація:
Independent India continued with the land acquisition policy based on the doctrine of eminent domain.In the early two and three decades after independence, land acquisition has not been a major challenge Rights were limited, political and non-political organizations mobilizing the public against such acquisitions made them aware of the different provisions of the Land Acquisition Act. However, this situation has gradually changed and land acquisition for infrastructure and developmental works has become difficult. At places like Singer in West Bengal the government was forced to stop the land acquisition and have finally returned the land to the original owners based on court directions. Courts that have generally limited themselves to compensate for property acquired in the interest of society rather than the welfare of an individual have gradually begun to see land acquisition from different perspectives. Even after repeal of the colonial land acquisition act of 1894 and enactment of the new citizen friendly land acquisition act in 2013, the government continues to face major challenges in acquiring lands. At the same time there have been some initiatives in employing alternative land acquisition models and employing them successfully. This study traces the process of land acquisition in India and makes case studies of a few alternative land acquisition models and their reception by the people.
4
Andersson, Patric, Johan Graaf, and Niclas Hellman. "Sell-side analysts and corporate acquisitions: case study findings." Qualitative Research in Financial Markets 12, no. 4 (June 10, 2020): 437–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-08-2019-0094.
Анотація:
Purpose This paper aims to investigate how sell-side analysts form expectations on, analyse, and communicate the effects of corporate acquisitions. Design/methodology/approach The paper reports on case studies of three listed firms who are frequent acquirers. The case data comprise semi-structured interviews and content analysis of analyst reports and corporate reports. Findings The paper reports three sets of findings. First, the analysts viewed acquisitions as heterogeneous events and, therefore, also treated acquisitions differently depending on factors such as size and acquisition strategy and the perceived “authenticity” of the acquisition (i.e. whether parts of the acquisition would be more accurately described as organic growth and regular capital expenditure (CAPEX) investments). Second, the authors find that analysts struggle with analysing the effects of acquisitions at the announcement date because of a mismatch between the analysts’ need of and the analysts’ access to relevant information. Although clients demand evaluations of announced acquisitions, relevant accounting information is not published until much later and the information at hand only allows for cursory analyses. Finally, the authors find that the analysts’ valuation models were too inflexible to fully incorporate the effects of the acquisition. In sum, the analysts, therefore, developed acquisition-driven investment cases without supporting accounting information and without converting expected acquisitions into forecasts. Originality/value By adopting a qualitative case study research design, the paper contributes to the ongoing efforts to open the “black-box” of sell-side analyst behaviour. In particular, the unique research design focusses on effects related to specific corporate events (acquisitions) rather than analysts’ everyday work.
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Vinod, Venkateswaran, and SUDARSANAM S K. "Multiple Models in Predicting Acquisitions in the Indian Manufacturing Sector: A Performance Comparison." Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Management 18 (2023): 791–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/5205.
Анотація:
Aim/Purpose: Acquisitions play a pivotal role in the growth strategy of a firm. Extensive resources and time are dedicated by a firm toward the identification of prospective acquisition candidates. The Indian manufacturing sector is currently experiencing significant growth, organically and inorganically, through acquisitions. The principal aim of this study is to explore models that can predict acquisitions and compare their performance in the Indian manufacturing sector. Background: Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) have been integral to a firm’s growth strategy. Over the years, academic research has investigated multiple models for predicting acquisitions. In the context of the Indian manufacturing industry, the research is limited to prediction models. This research paper explores three models, namely Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, and Multilayer Perceptron, to predict acquisitions. Methodology: The methodology includes defining the accounting variables to be used in the model which have been selected based on strong theoretical foundations. The Indian manufacturing industry was selected as the focus, specifically, data for firms listed in the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) between 2010 and 2022 from the Prowess database. There were multiple techniques, such as data transformation and data scrubbing, that were used to mitigate bias and enhance the data reliability. The dataset was split into 70% training and 30% test data. The performance of the three models was compared using standard metrics. Contribution: The research contributes to the existing body of knowledge in multiple dimensions. First, a prediction model customized to the Indian manufacturing sector has been developed. Second, there are accounting variables identified specific to the Indian manufacturing sector. Third, the paper contributes to prediction modeling in the Indian manufacturing sector where there is limited research. Findings: The study found significant supporting evidence for four of the proposed hypotheses indicating that accounting variables can be used to predict acquisitions. It has been ascertained that statistically significant variables influence acquisition likelihood: Quick Ratio, Equity Turnover, Pretax Margin, and Total Sales. These variables are intrinsically linked with the theories of liquidity, growth-resource mismatch, profitability, and firm size. Furthermore, comparing performance metrics reveals that the Decision Tree model exhibits the highest accuracy rate of 62.3%, specificity rate of 66.4%, and the lowest false positive ratio of 33.6%. In contrast, the Multilayer Perceptron model exhibits the highest precision rate of 61.4% and recall rate of 64.3%. Recommendations for Practitioners: The study findings can help practitioners build custom prediction models for their firms. The model can be developed as a live reference model, which is continually updated based on a firm’s results. In addition, there is an opportunity for industry practitioners to establish a benchmark score that provides a reference for acquisitions. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers can expand the scope of research by including additional classification modeling techniques. The data quality can be enhanced by cross-validation with other databases. Textual commentary about the target firms, including management and analyst quotes, provides additional insight that can enhance the predictive power of the models. Impact on Society: The research provides insights into leveraging emerging technologies to predict acquisitions. The theoretical basis and modeling attributes provide a foundation that can be further expanded to suit specific industries and firms. Future Research: There are opportunities to expand the scope of research in various dimensions by comparing acquisition prediction models across industries and cross-border and domestic acquisitions. Additionally, it is plausible to explore further research by incorporating non-financial data, such as management commentary, to augment the acquisition prediction model.
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Collins, Tim, Sandra I. Woolley, Erlend Gehlken, and Eugene Ch’ng. "Automated Low-Cost Photogrammetric Acquisition of 3D Models from Small Form-Factor Artefacts." Electronics 8, no. 12 (December 1, 2019): 1441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121441.
Анотація:
The photogrammetric acquisition of 3D object models can be achieved by Structure from Motion (SfM) computation of photographs taken from multiple viewpoints. All-around 3D models of small artefacts with complex geometry can be difficult to acquire photogrammetrically and the precision of the acquired models can be diminished by the generic application of automated photogrammetric workflows. In this paper, we present two versions of a complete rotary photogrammetric system and an automated workflow for all-around, precise, reliable and low-cost acquisitions of large numbers of small artefacts, together with consideration of the visual quality of the model textures. The acquisition systems comprise a turntable and (i) a computer and digital camera or (ii) a smartphone designed to be ultra-low cost (less than $150). Experimental results are presented which demonstrate an acquisition precision of less than 40 μ m using a 12.2 Megapixel digital camera and less than 80 μ m using an 8 Megapixel smartphone. The novel contribution of this work centres on the design of an automated solution that achieves high-precision, photographically textured 3D acquisitions at a fraction of the cost of currently available systems. This could significantly benefit the digitisation efforts of collectors, curators and archaeologists as well as the wider population.
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Astapov, K. L. "Strategy of M&A deals in oil industry (on example of «Rosneft» and «Bashneft» deal)." Russian Journal of Industrial Economics 13, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2020-2-137-148.
Анотація:
I analyzed merges and acquisitions’ transactions and their influence on strategy and development of oil company. For analyses the deal I chose acquisition by Rosneft of Bashneft, which took place in October 2016, applying both traditional and real option models. Real option model is more difficult, but better methodology, because it allows to valuate different scenarios of acquisition, choose more optimal scheme (acquisition time, amount of acquired shares). After building decision tree I calculated NPV of cash flows, which are generated in the deal (in scenarios of high and low oil prices, high and low synergy effects in two periods 2017–2018 and 2019–2020).The main results are the following. Acquisition deals create value for shareholders, only if acquisitions correspond to strategy of bidder company and culture of target company. Under some hypotheses the acquisition of Bashneft creates additional value for Rosneft in most scenarios (except scenario with low oil price and low synergy). Postponing the decision about complete acquisition till 2019 increases probability of successful acquisition as well as maximizes NPV.
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LaMagna, Michael, Erica Swenson Danowitz, and Andrea Rodgers. "Competing eBook acquisition models: which model best serves a community college library?" Collection and Curation 39, no. 2 (December 12, 2019): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cc-07-2019-0019.
Анотація:
Purpose Academic libraries continue to invest in eBooks to ensure access to content in various formats. This paper aims to examine eBook acquisition models, including patron-driven acquisitions, one-time purchases, focused collection subscriptions or large-scale subscriptions, to better understand how users engage with this content based on usage data. Design/methodology/approach Usage data provide insights into eBook acquisition and how access models influence use. This study defines the acquisition model for each eBook purchase. Data were examined to determine usage by acquisition model and cost-per-use. Findings This paper finds that for a large suburban community college, a large-scale subscription model has the lowest cost-per-use and serves the largest portion of students. Focused collection subscriptions supported small, specialized programs in the Allied Health, Emergency Services, and Nursing fields. Originality/value This paper examines how eBooks are acquired to determine which model best serves an academic library community, specifically a community college library, which is currently underrepresented in the literature.
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Gu, Yue, Shenglin Ben, and Jiamin Lv. "Peer Effect in Merger and Acquisition Activities and Its Impact on Corporate Sustainable Development: Evidence from China." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (March 25, 2022): 3891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14073891.
Анотація:
The research aims to investigate the existence of peer effect in mergers and acquisitions and study its impact on corporate sustainable development. It first constructs a peer effect testing model to examine whether there is peer effect in mergers and acquisitions, based on quarterly data in China between 2005 and 2019. Then, two econometric models are proposed separately to explore the impact of economic policy uncertainty on the merger and acquisition peer effect, as well as how the peer effect affects corporate sustainability. The key findings show that (i) firms tend to imitate their peers’ merger and acquisition behaviors, which means that the peer effect does exist in mergers and acquisitions; (ii) economic policy uncertainty could strengthen the peer effect in mergers and acquisitions; (iii) the peer effect has a negative impact on corporate sustainable development, and the impact is more significant within a relatively short period. Therefore, this study enriches the research of behavior science in mergers and acquisitions, improves the accuracy of peer effect testing and enables both firms and policymakers to mitigate irrational imitation in merger and acquisition deals, thus achieving their sustainable development goals.
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Öberg, Christina. "Acquisition as a mode for servitisation: servitisation integration and consequences." Journal of Service Management 35, no. 6 (December 26, 2023): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/josm-08-2022-0255.
Анотація:
PurposeWhile existing literature extensively explores manufacturing firms expanding into services, little is known about the modes of servitisation, the means by which they carry it out. This paper concentrates on acquisitions as a mode of servitisation. Post-acquisition integration is when the potential of an acquisition is realised. The paper therefore aims to categorise types of integrations following the acquisition of servitised firms and discusses their consequences for servitisation.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical part of the paper is based on two case studies, each involving the acquisition of servitised firms. Both acquirers changed their integration approach over time.FindingsThe paper conceptualises three types of integrations: rhetorical, insulated and transformative integrations, indicating whether and how the acquirer becomes servitised following the integration. These highlight the analysis of integration based on business models and customer orientation in relation to servitisation.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to research on servitisation by emphasising acquisitions as a mode of servitisation and conceptualising three integration types related to business models and customer orientations. Furthermore, the paper highlights how an acquirer's servitisation leads to new offerings targeting new customers, as opposed to strengthening existing relationships.
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Hegedűs, Szilárd, and László Zoltán Kucséber. "Analyzing acquisitions using bankruptcy forecasting models." Prosperitas, In press (2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31570/prosp_2023_0083.
Анотація:
Merger and acquisition (M&A) transactions are often associated with increasing market share, improved operational efficiency and the ability to create value. Nevertheless, many studies have presented the drawbacks of M&A transactions, including an increase in the risk of bankruptcy. A significant number of companies go bankrupt in Hungary every year, even in non-recession periods. The goal of our analysis is to examine how the risks of companies, especially their bankruptcy risks, were affected by acquisitions in Hungary between 2008 and 2017. The results of our study with a focus on Hungarian companies confirm the research published in the international literature, according to which M&A transactions are unsuccessful in many cases, and the transactions are often followed by adverse effects. Our research results may change the perspectives associated with the allegedly well-known benefits and expectations of acquisitions. Based on our research, we recommend that companies planning to merge or acquire should also consider the possible failure of such transactions.
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KOROLEVA, Ekaterina V., Polina V. OSYKA, and Vladlen N. SHAKHOV. "Analyzing the impact of mergers and acquisitions on the profitability of seller company shares in the oil and gas industry of Russia." Financial Analytics: Science and Experience 15, no. 2 (May 30, 2022): 128–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/fa.15.2.128.
Анотація:
Subject. We investigate the behavior of profitability of seller's shares in relation to key accompanying events in mergers and acquisitions in the Russian oil and gas industry. Objectives. The aim is to determine the nature of the impact of dates of merger or acquisition announcement and completion on the profitability of shares of a Russian oil and gas company acting as a seller. Methods. The study rests on the analysis of mergers and acquisitions, using the event study methods. Results. The paper shows that announcement and execution of a merger or acquisition transaction positively affect the profitability of seller’s shares in the oil and gas sector of Russia. We constructed models that indicate an increase in the profitability of seller companies relative to projected profitability without a merger or acquisition transaction. Conclusions. The findings are of practical significance and can be taken into account by financial managers when planning mergers and acquisitions and forecasting their impact on stock returns. Stock market participants may also value the obtained data.
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Chen, Yifan. "Deficiencies of the Allocation Mechanism of Target Company's Anti-Acquisition Decision Rights under the Chinese Shareholder Primacy." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 26, no. 1 (September 13, 2023): 364–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/26/20230598.
Анотація:
With the continuous deepening of China's market economy system reform, corporate acquisitions, especially hostile acquisitions, are becoming increasingly popular. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the market to improve the relevant legal provisions for anti-takeover decisions and measures. To begin with, this article takes the allocation of anti-acquisition decision-making right from the perspective of comparative law as an index. Then, it sorts out the decision-making models and related measures of anti-hostile acquisitions. Subsequently, this article takes the equity dispute between China Vanke Co., Ltd. and Baoneng Investment Group Co as a case study, using literature research methods and qualitative analysis methods as the basic research approaches to explore various practical difficulties faced by Chinese companies in anti-hostile acquisitions under the shareholder primacy. This refers to the limitations of the legislative design of the relevant shareholder primacy for Chinese listed companies in the face of hostile acquisitions, which include an analysis of the implementation authority of acquisition defense measures, the responsible parties, and the reasons for the insufficient power of the board in anti-hostile acquisition activities. Ultimately, in order to overcome the above deficiencies, this article proposes suggestions on limiting the power of shareholders' meetings to expand the function of the board, improving the mechanism for the operation of directors' powers and responsibilities, balancing the overall rights and protecting interests of shareholders.
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Čirjevskis, Andrejs. "The Role of Dynamic Capabilities as Drivers of Business Model Innovation in Mergers and Acquisitions of Technology-Advanced Firms." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 5, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc5010012.
Анотація:
Despite the widespread agreement on the importance of dynamic capabilities to the success of mergers and acquisitions, little is known about how these capabilities may contribute to the business model’s innovation of an acquirer. The purpose of the paper is to clarify the role of dynamic capabilities in business model innovation of acquirer’s company in mergers and acquisitions of technology-advanced firms. Empirically, the author examined the role of dynamic capabilities in the transformation of operationalized components of the business model of the two acquirers (Samsung and Microsoft) by means of the acquisition of technology-advanced firms (Harman and LinkedIn) in 2016. Drawing on extensive qualitative data, the author developed a practice-driven model as a practical guide for scholars who have been studying dynamic capabilities and business models, as well as for those who are new to the field. The resulting model advances the discourse on dynamic capabilities. The presented conceptual model encourages practitioners to grasp an exact relationship between the micro-foundations of each perspective. Overall, the paper deepens the conversation at the nexus of dynamic capabilities and business model innovation in pursuing a new customer value proposition in the merger and acquisition processes and thereby exploiting a competitive advantage.
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d’Angelo, P., and P. Reinartz. "DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS FROM STEREO, VIDEO AND MULTI-VIEW IMAGERY CAPTURED BY SMALL SATELLITES." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2021 (June 28, 2021): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2021-77-2021.
Анотація:
Abstract. Small satellites play an increasing role in earth observation. This article evaluates different possibilities of utilizing data from Planet’s SkySat and PlanetScope satellites constellations for derivation of digital elevation models. While SkySat provides high resolution image data with a ground sampling distance of up to 50 cm, the PlanetScope constellation consisting of Dove 3U cubesats provide images with a resolution of around 4 m. The PlanetScope acquisition strategy was not designed for stereo acquisitions, but for daily acquisition of nadir viewing imagery. Multiple different products can be acquired by the SkySat satellites: Collects covering an area of usually 12 by 6 km, tri-stereo collects and video products with a framerate of 30 Hz. This study evaluates DSM generation using a Semi-Global Matching from multi date stereo pairs for SkySat and PlanetScope, and the dedicated Video and tri-stereo SkySat acquisitions. DSMs obtained by merging many PlanetScope across track stereo pairs show an normalized median deviation against LiDaR first pulse data of 5.2 meter over diverse landcover at the test sites around the city of Terrassa in Catalonia, Spain. SkySat tri-stereo products with 80 cm resolution reach an NMAD of 1.3 m over Terrassa.
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COX, LOUIS ANTHONY, and DJANGIR A. BABAYEV. "NETWORKED FACILITIES EXPANSION PROBLEM." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 05, no. 02 (June 2006): 379–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622006002003.
Анотація:
This paper considers how best to sequence the acquisition of new locations (e.g. office park buildings, multi-tenant units, etc.) to expand the coverage area or fill in the geographic footprint of a network service provider or other business-service activities. Consider several locations, candidates for acquisition, on the plane. Each location will generate a certain revenue stream for the service provider if it is acquired. In addition, once a location has been acquired (i.e. served), it may be less expensive to acquire other nearby locations. The problem addressed in this paper is: Given a finite budget for acquisitions and a model for the acquisition costs, how to sequence the acquisitions to maximize the total new revenue from the locations acquired? A specific cost model is proposed, an integer programming formulation of the problem and its transformations presented. Properties of the models and of the optimal solution are discussed. Finally, an effective heuristic method intended for applications is developed. Features of the solutions are demonstrated by a numerical study.
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Hütt, C., N. Tilly, H. Schiedung, and G. Bareth. "POTENTIAL OF MULTITEMPORAL TANDEM-X DERIVED CROP SURFACE MODELS FOR MAIZE GROWTH MONITORING." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B7 (June 22, 2016): 803–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b7-803-2016.
Анотація:
In this study, first results of retrieving plant heights of maize fields from multitemporal TanDEM-X images are shown. Three TanDEM-X dual polarization spotlight acquisitions were taken over a rural area in Germany in the growing season 2014. By interferometric processing, digital terrain models (DTM) were derived for each date with 5m resolution. From the data of the first acquisition (June 1st) taken before planting, a DTM of the bare ground is generated. The data of the following acquisition dates (July 15th, July 26th) are used to establish crop surface models (CSM). A CSM represents the crop surface of a whole field in a high resolution. By subtracting the DTM of the ground from each CSM, the actual plant height is calculated. Within these data sets 30 maize fields in the area of interest could be detected and verified by external land use data. Besides the spaceborne measurements, one of the maize fields was intensively investigated using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), which was carried out at the same dates as the predicted TanDEM-X acquisitions. Visual inspection of the derived plant heights, and accordance of the individually processed polarisations over the maize fields, demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. Unfortunately, the infield variability of the intensively monitored field could not be successfully captured in the TanDEM-X derived plant heights and merely the general trend is visible. Nevertheless, the study shows the potential of the TanDEM-X constellation for maize height monitoring on field level.
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Hütt, C., N. Tilly, H. Schiedung, and G. Bareth. "POTENTIAL OF MULTITEMPORAL TANDEM-X DERIVED CROP SURFACE MODELS FOR MAIZE GROWTH MONITORING." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B7 (June 22, 2016): 803–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b7-803-2016.
Анотація:
In this study, first results of retrieving plant heights of maize fields from multitemporal TanDEM-X images are shown. Three TanDEM-X dual polarization spotlight acquisitions were taken over a rural area in Germany in the growing season 2014. By interferometric processing, digital terrain models (DTM) were derived for each date with 5m resolution. From the data of the first acquisition (June 1st) taken before planting, a DTM of the bare ground is generated. The data of the following acquisition dates (July 15th, July 26th) are used to establish crop surface models (CSM). A CSM represents the crop surface of a whole field in a high resolution. By subtracting the DTM of the ground from each CSM, the actual plant height is calculated. Within these data sets 30 maize fields in the area of interest could be detected and verified by external land use data. Besides the spaceborne measurements, one of the maize fields was intensively investigated using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), which was carried out at the same dates as the predicted TanDEM-X acquisitions. Visual inspection of the derived plant heights, and accordance of the individually processed polarisations over the maize fields, demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. Unfortunately, the infield variability of the intensively monitored field could not be successfully captured in the TanDEM-X derived plant heights and merely the general trend is visible. Nevertheless, the study shows the potential of the TanDEM-X constellation for maize height monitoring on field level.
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Lewis, Ron M., and Marie R. Kennedy. "The Big Picture: A Holistic View of E-book Acquisitions." Library Resources & Technical Services 63, no. 2 (April 24, 2019): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/lrts.63n2.160.
Анотація:
The merging of two departments into the Acquisitions and Collection Development Department afforded Loyola Marymount University an opportunity to rethink existing workflows, with the acquisition of electronic books (e-books) being identified as a critical task to review. Process mapping was used to show the complexity of different tasks being performed in the department and to provide a visualization mechanism for staff to see how their work fit into a sequence of actions as part of a larger workflow. The authors listed the types of acquisition models used at their library for e-books and constructed process maps for the following six major types: 1. Firm order e-books; 2. Firm order e-book collections; 3. Approval order e-books; 4. Demand-driven e-books; 5. Standing order e-books, and; 6. Subscription e-book database. The authors merged the individual process maps into a single visualization to view the entirety of the acquisition process as a whole and to show how the different e-book acquisition models relate and diverge from one another.
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Goodbody, Tristan, Nicholas Coops, Txomin Hermosilla, Piotr Tompalski, and Gaetan Pelletier. "Vegetation Phenology Driving Error Variation in Digital Aerial Photogrammetrically Derived Terrain Models." Remote Sensing 10, no. 10 (September 27, 2018): 1554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10101554.
Анотація:
Digital aerial photogrammetry (DAP) and unmanned aerial systems (UAS) have emerged as synergistic technologies capable of enhancing forest inventory information. A known limitation of DAP technology is its ability to derive terrain surfaces in areas with moderate to high vegetation coverage. In this study, we sought to investigate the influence of flight acquisition timing on the accuracy and coverage of digital terrain models (DTM) in a low cover forest area in New Brunswick, Canada. To do so, a multi-temporal UAS-acquired DAP data set was used. Acquired imagery was photogrammetrically processed to produce high quality DAP point clouds, from which DTMs were derived. Individual DTMs were evaluated for error using an airborne laser scanning (ALS)-derived DTM as a reference. Unobstructed road areas were used to validate DAP DTM error. Generalized additive mixed models (GAMM) were generated to assess the significance of acquisition timing on mean vegetation cover, DTM error, and proportional DAP coverage. GAMM models for mean vegetation cover and DTM error were found to be significantly influenced by acquisition date. A best available terrain pixel (BATP) compositing exercise was conducted to generate a best possible UAS DAP-derived DTM and outline the importance of flight acquisition timing. The BATP DTM yielded a mean error of −0.01 m. This study helps to show that the timing of DAP acquisitions can influence the accuracy and coverage of DTMs in low cover vegetation areas. These findings provide insight to improve future data set quality and provide a means for managers to cost-effectively derive high accuracy terrain models post-management activity.
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Dr Kyriazopoulos Georgios and Theodoropoulou Styliani. "MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS. A FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF A BIG CASE STUDY IN EMERGING MARKETS DURING THE PANDEMIC." International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research 5, no. 11 (November 4, 2023): 836–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v5i11.601.
Анотація:
This paper deals with the issue of Acquisitions and Mergers. More emphasis is placed on the approach of the term Acquisition, and in particular on a large and important acquisition of two companies listed on the Greek economy. As is known, the Greek stock market belongs to the emerging markets. The agreement and completion of the acquisition took place during the pandemic. This study is an in-depth research and financial analysis of the companies Singular Logic and Epsilon Net for the years 2011 to 2020. The two companies, Singular Logic and Epsilon Net, have agreed to acquire the former from the latter in 2020. An acquisition carried out with the partial separation of the acquired business until the beginning of 2021, and the result of this process was the newly established company Epsilon Singular Logic SA This newly established company is half-owned by Epsilon Net and Space Hellas. As far as the study of this particular work is concerned, a complete financial analysis is carried out before the acquisition of these two companies. Our analysis focuses on a longitudinal comparison with productivity, efficiency, cash flow, investment ratios, liquidity, the Altman bankruptcy model and finally the takeover evaluation models, between Epsilon Net and Singular Logic. This comparative study tries to highlight the financial course of the two companies with any financial problems that existed from the year 2011 to the year of the acquisition agreement 2020, i.e. before the completion of the split and acquisition of the economic entity Singular Logic.
Keywords: Mergers & Acquisitions, Financial Analysis.
JEL Classification: G21, G33, G34.
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Savović, Slađana. "Organizational culture differences and post-acquisition performance." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 38, no. 5 (July 3, 2017): 719–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-02-2016-0043.
Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to examine the impact of organizational culture differences on post-acquisition performance, and second, to provide deeper understanding of the mechanisms through which the impact occurs introducing into the analysis the mediating effect of employee attitudes. Design/methodology/approach The sample is based on domestic and international acquisitions in Serbia carried out during the period 2002-2011. Linear regression models were fitted according to Baron and Kenny procedures for mediation analysis. Statistical significance of the indirect or mediated effect is calculated by using the bootstrap test. Findings The results show that organizational culture differences positively impact post-acquisition performance. Moreover, employee attitudes are found to be a partial mediator of the relationship between culture differences and post-acquisition performance. Practical implications The presented results are especially useful for managers involved in the processes of acquisitions indicating that culture differences, if properly understood and managed, can be a source of value creation. Further, the results of the analysis indicate that managers must monitor and evaluate employee attitudes towards changes and help employees to face the challenges of change, thereby contributing the improvement of post-acquisition performance. Originality/value Previous research of organizational culture differences in transitional economies is limited, and this study is the first empirical investigation of the impact of organizational culture differences on post-acquisition performance in Serbia. This paper aids researchers and practitioners to identify the specific cultural challenges in the context of transitional economies.
23
Goetz, Ernest T., James L. Parsons, and Janice J. Wilson. "Causal models of literacy acquisition." Reading Research and Instruction 31, no. 4 (June 1992): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19388079209558092.
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Morikawa, Hiromi. "Computer models of language acquisition." Computers in Human Behavior 4, no. 2 (January 1988): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0747-5632(88)90022-2.
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Leve, Robert M. "Informational acquisition and cognitive models." Complexity 9, no. 1 (September 2003): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cplx.10108.
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Yang, Charles. "Computational models of syntactic acquisition." Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science 3, no. 2 (December 5, 2011): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1154.
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Vergeles, V., and D. Baiura. "MATHEMATICAL METHODS FOR RESEARCHING THE VALUE OF COMPANIES IN MERGER AND ACQUISITION AGREEMENTS (M&A TRANSACTIONS)." THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSUES OF ECONOMICS, no. 46 (2023): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/tppe.2023.46.2.
Анотація:
The results of the research of mathematical methods used to determine the value of companies during the implementation of merger and acquisition agreements (M&A Transactions) are highlighted. The theoretical and practical aspects of the application of methods for assessing the value of companies in mergers and acquisitions are summarized, their essence is revealed, the differences between the methods are highlighted, indicating the special characteristics of these methods, the application criteria and the main prerequisites under which the use of each method will be most effective and give the best result are defined. Particular attention is paid to the disclosure of the advantages and disadvantages of each method of assessing the value of companies, which are used in accordance with the characteristics of gas companies in which mergers and acquisitions take place. Modern scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists, devoted to the application of mathematical methods of estimating the value of companies in merger and acquisition agreements, were studied. The methods of applying mathematical methods to calculate the value of companies-potential targets of mergers and acquisitions are clearly shown, namely the Discounted Cash Flow model (DCF), the Precedent Transactions Analysis (PTA), the Comparable Companies Analysis (CCA) and Machine Learning algorithms (ML). On the basis of the conducted research, promising directions for improving the research of mathematical methods and models for determining the value of companies in merger and acquisition agreements were determined.
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Claudio, Alimonti, Baiocchi Valerio, and Spadaro Carlo. "Integration of UAV data with soil water balance models for evaluation/monitoring of maize water stress." AUGUST 2020, no. 14(08):2020 (August 20, 2020): 1242–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.08.p2287.
Анотація:
UAV based photogrammetry and 3D mapping are gaining fast and wide applications around the world majorly due to the relatively low-cost advantage it offers in the acquisition of high resolution multispectral acquisitions, compared to Aerophotogrammetry and satellite acquisitions. This research seeks to demonstrate the applicability of UAV photogrammetry visible, multispectral and thermal in investigating some physiological indexes of plants, reflecting plant physiological traits. A maize field in Latina (Italy) was acquired using a Fly Novex drone and with different cameras for the various acquisitions and consequently for different flight heights. The obtained images were processed using different photogrammetric models and a variable number of Ground Control Points (GCPs) for the georeferencing and accuracy assessment as well. Subsequently, by combining hydrological simulation methods and the use of physical indicators of the state of water stress, a method is proposed for predicting crop water consumption. The study conducted on the agricultural land of test site has provided useful results in terms of water savings, with an estimated value of three quarters of the total cubic meters of water needed to bring the land to saturation.
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Jain,, Hardik. "Post Merger Financial Analysis: An AI & ML tool for Banks." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 04 (April 13, 2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem30659.
Анотація:
This paper models the significance of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) in reviving the growth of obsolete or low performing organizations. In line with adapting to the changing circumstances and limiting exposure to the volatility, higher level of capital backing is necessary which only consolidation can achieve (Mantravadi, 2007). Banks being economic institutions are expected to be more directly involved in inclusive growth by including the whole economy in the growth and development, therefore, to support this belief, merger and acquisition as a strategic tool is studied. M&A is considered as one of the significant tools for organizational restructuring and value addition considering the volatility prevailing in the present business environment. It enables organizations to expand their horizon of operation, mitigating risks, explore new markets and geographical locations by creating synergies thereby increasing profitability gaining through competitive advantage. It includes the study of the factors and series of events that led the Government of India (GOI) to the merger of 10 public sector banks (PSB) into 4 merged entities, adoption of M&A as technique to achieve objectives moreover it studies acquisition of the Allahabad Bank by the Indian Bank to identify and interpret the purpose and potential of consolidation backed by a comparative analysis of pre-acquisition and post-acquisition performance of the above-mentioned banks. Key Words: Mergers and Acquisitions, Public Sector Banking (PSB), Indian Bank, Allahabad Bank, NPA and Synergy.
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Qaimari, Nader, and Bethany Dotson. "Emerging business models: Usage-driven acquisition." Information Services & Use 34, no. 1-2 (September 19, 2014): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/isu-140728.
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Chang, Tyler A., and Benjamin K. Bergen. "Word Acquisition in Neural Language Models." Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 10 (2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00444.
Анотація:
Abstract We investigate how neural language models acquire individual words during training, extracting learning curves and ages of acquisition for over 600 words on the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory (Fenson et al., 2007). Drawing on studies of word acquisition in children, we evaluate multiple predictors for words’ ages of acquisition in LSTMs, BERT, and GPT-2. We find that the effects of concreteness, word length, and lexical class are pointedly different in children and language models, reinforcing the importance of interaction and sensorimotor experience in child language acquisition. Language models rely far more on word frequency than children, but, like children, they exhibit slower learning of words in longer utterances. Interestingly, models follow consistent patterns during training for both unidirectional and bidirectional models, and for both LSTM and Transformer architectures. Models predict based on unigram token frequencies early in training, before transitioning loosely to bigram probabilities, eventually converging on more nuanced predictions. These results shed light on the role of distributional learning mechanisms in children, while also providing insights for more human-like language acquisition in language models.
32
Brown, P., F. Jelinek, J. Lafferty, R. Mercer, and S. Roukos. "Acquisition of language models from text." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 92, no. 4 (October 1992): 2367–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.404864.
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Coutinho, Daniel, Ricardo Marroquim, Matteo Dellepiane, and Roberto Scopigno. "Assisted color acquisition for 3D models." Computers & Graphics 68 (November 2017): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2017.08.011.
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Hartmann, Sven, Sebastian Link, and Thu Trinh. "Constraint acquisition for Entity-Relationship models." Data & Knowledge Engineering 68, no. 10 (October 2009): 1128–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.datak.2009.06.001.
35
Eriksson, Henrik. "Models for knowledge-acquisition tool design." Knowledge Acquisition 6, no. 1 (March 1994): 47–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/knac.1994.1003.
36
Al-Fattah, Saud M. "National oil companies: business models, challenges, and emerging trends." Corporate Ownership and Control 11, no. 1 (2013): 713–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv11i1c8art2.
Анотація:
This paper provides an assessment and a review of the national oil companies’ (NOCs) business models, challenges and opportunities, their strategies and emerging trends. The role of the national oil company (NOC) continues to evolve as the global energy landscape changes to reflect variations in demand, discovery of new ultra-deep water oil deposits, and national and geopolitical developments. NOCs, traditionally viewed as the custodians of their country’s natural resources, have generally owned and managed the complete national oil and gas supply chain from upstream to downstream activities. In recent years, NOCs have emerged not only as joint venture partners globally with the major oil companies, but increasingly as competitors to the International Oil Companies (IOCs). Many NOCs are now more active in mergers and acquisitions (M&A), thereby increasing the number of NOCs seeking international upstream and downstream acquisition and asset targets
37
Dogru, Tarik, Aysa Erdogan, and Murat Kizildag. "Marriott Starwood merger: what did we learn from a financial standpoint?" Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights 1, no. 2 (May 14, 2018): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhti-10-2017-0009.
Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to measure and observe stock market and investor reactions (benchmark adjusted cumulative abnormal returns (CARs)) to the announcement of Marriott’s acquisition of Starwood and related merger and acquisition (M&A) news and related activities over a two-year period. Design/methodology/approach Empirical models and quantifications were developed and tested through event study analysis to test the Marriot-Starwood M&A news and related activities and to observe the abnormal stock return patterns. Several data sources were employed including Factiva by Dow Jones, Wall Street Newspaper, CRSP/COMPUSTAT merged files, and ValueLine Research. Findings This paper provides financial insights and outcomes of pre-, during, and post-Marriot-Starwood merger. While equity returns to Starwood were mostly flat, Marriott experienced negative returns around the acquisition announcement and anytime a news article appears following the announcement. However, performance proxies showed that Marriott’s shareholders gained superior buy and hold returns following the acquisition in the long run. Research limitations/implications Short-term event study methodology might be less than perfect in examining the stock returns to acquisitions. Therefore, future research is encouraged to test and observe Marriot-Starwood merger using longer time periods with predictive analysis to check the further usability of the results. Practical implications The study’s findings practically signal that overreaction in the short term is followed by a correction with an improvement in returns and sales performance of Marriot. In the majority of the acquisitions, integration process is not planned until after the acquisition announcement or the deal completion. Originality/value This paper contributes to the existing literature by demonstrating the financial issues, challenges, and outcomes of the biggest merger in the history of the global lodging industry.
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Lofgren, Eric. "Assessing the Potential Impact of a Long-Acting Skin Disinfectant in the Prevention of MRSA." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (October 2020): s131—s132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.642.
Анотація:
Background: Healthcare-associated transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains a persistent problem despite advances in prevention. The use of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) as a means of decolonizing patients, either through targeted decolonization or daily bathing, is a frequently used measure to supplement other MRSA reduction interventions. However, there is room for new and innovative decolonizing agents. We explored the potential utility of a long-acting CHG-like disinfectant with a persistent protective effect as well as an immediate decolonizing action in the prevention of MRSA acquisition as well as the subsequent development of clinical illness and MRSA-related mortality. Methods: We modeled MRSA transmission throughout an 18-bed intensive care unit, based on previously published models. A baseline model with no daily decolonizing protocol was used as a baseline and was compared to a scenario assuming that patients were bathed with CHG, which decolonizes them but provides no ongoing protection, as well as a scenario involving a hypothetical treatment that both decolonizes and provides ongoing protection from subsequent colonization. We varied the duration and efficacy of this protection to fully explore the potential utility of such a treatment. Results: The results of the simulations are shown in Fig. 1, where duration and efficacy of protection varied. The number of MRSA acquisitions from each combination is depicted as a single point, with blue points indicating correspondingly fewer MRSA acquisitions. Overall, improved efficacy of the hypothetical disinfectant resulted in immediate improvements in MRSA acquisition rates when compared to the baseline. To see major improvements in the MRSA acquisition rate due to the duration of infection, that duration must be well above 10 hours in many scenarios. There is also little evidence of synergy between the two. Conclusions: Based on recent results suggesting CHG has a relatively modest per-use efficacy (<.20), there is room for improvement in the formulation and administration of decolonizing agents. Although there has been considerable excitement about the possibility of long-acting agents that not only decolonize but provide long-acting protection against colonization, these results suggest that such protection would only result in markedly decreased acquisition rates only if that duration of protection was extremely long, or if the agent itself was also considerably more efficacious than CHG. These results may be used to help consider the necessary study size for clinical studies of these agents in the future, or to set research priorities and properly calibrate expectations.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None
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Baldi, Dario, Luca Basso, Gisella Nele, Giovanni Federico, Giuseppe Walter Antonucci, Marco Salvatore, and Carlo Cavaliere. "Rhinoplasty Pre-Surgery Models by Using Low-Dose Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and 3D Printing." Dose-Response 19, no. 4 (October 2021): 155932582110609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15593258211060950.
Анотація:
Rhinoplasty and surgical reconstruction of cartilaginous structures still remain a great challenge today. This study aims to identify an imaging strategy in order to merge the information from CT scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisitions and build a 3D printed model true to the patient’s anatomy, for better surgical planning. Using MRI, information can be obtained about the cartilage structures of which the nose is composed. Ten rhinoplasty candidate patients underwent both a low-dose protocol CT scan and a specific MRI for characterization of nasal structures. Bone and soft tissue segmentations were performed in CT, while cartilage segmentations were extrapolated from MRI and validated by both an expert radiologist and surgeon. Subsequently, a 3D model was produced in materials and colors reproducing the density of the three main structures (bone, soft tissue, and cartilage), useful for pre-surgical evaluation. This study has highlighted that the optimization of a CT and MR dedicated protocol has allowed to reduce the CT radiation dose up to 60% compared to standard acquisitions with the same machine, and MR acquisition time of about 20%. Patient-tailored 3D models and pre-surgical planning have reduced the mean operative time by 20 minutes.
40
Johnson, Stephanie, Matthew Mietchen, and Eric Lofgren. "Modeling methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) acquisitions in the intensive care unit with different staffing levels and finite direct-care tasks." Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology 3, S2 (June 2023): s95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ash.2023.362.
Анотація:
Background: Modeling is a cost-effective way to evaluate interventions pertaining to hospital infection acquisitions, such as staffing levels. Increasing the number of nurses in an intensive care unit affects rates of HAI transmission. The way compartmental models are often formulated assumes that there is a never-ending series of tasks for workers to perform. Our previous models used a baseline of 1:3 nurse:patient ratio, and we kept the number of tasks the same across staffing ratios. We wanted to understand how having a finite number of tasks, using this baseline number, across staffing levels affected HAI acquisitions. Methods: We used a stochastic mathematical model of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to study the impact of changes in staffing and a finite pool of tasks on hospital-associated acquisitions. For a 15-bed intensive care unit (ICU), we have 1 intensivist, and we set the nurse:patient ratios at 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:5, and 1:7.5, to represent the extreme ends of staffing levels and more moderate values in line with critical care society guidelines. Each model was run 1,000 times. The outcome of each scenario is the median number of hospital-associated MRSA acquisitions in 1 year from those 1,000 runs. Results: Treating the 1:3 nurse:patient ratio as the baseline, with 45 MRSA acquisitions per year, increasing the number of nurses from 5 to 6 (moving to a 1:2.5 nurse:patient ratio) had a relative risk (RR) of 0.77, suggesting that a small change in nurse staffing levels might have an outsized impact on rates. More dramatic changes had correspondingly larger swings in MRSA acquisition rates, with 1:1 nurse:patient ratio scenarios having an RR of 0.17, and at the other extreme, a 1:7.5 nurse:patient ratio having an RR of 4.66. Comparing the infinite to finite models, the ratios with more nurses had lower acquisition rates, with decreases ranging from 20% to 50%. Ratios with fewer nurses in the ICU showed 100%–400% increases in the number of acquisitions. All results were statistically significant. Conclusions: As nurse:patient ratios go up, the burden of direct-care tasks fall on fewer people, which has a direct impact on HAI rates. Our model demonstrates this hypothesis. Therefore, appropriate staffing should be considered in infection control guidelines, and the cost of staffing should be weighed against its impact on infection prevention as well as other areas of patient care. In this study, we considered only the impact from changes in contact patterns emerging from different staffing levels. Further insights may exist when considering other outcomes that also accompany increased staffing.Disclosures: None
41
Tutuncu, Lokman. "Earnings management and performance of management buyouts." Managerial Finance 45, no. 10/11 (October 14, 2019): 1363–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-01-2018-0007.
Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of pre-acquisition earnings management on the performance of private firm management buyouts. Design/methodology/approach The study examines 291 UK private firms acquired by their managers between 2004 and 2012. Earnings management is investigated by means of cross-sectional discretionary accruals models, and estimated discretionary accruals are regressed on performance changes in the three years following acquisition. Findings Management buyouts of private firms are preceded by earnings overstatement and followed by performance deterioration. Private equity sponsored firms engage less in earnings management and remain more profitable than non-sponsored buyouts. Upward earnings managers cease to outperform industry after second post-buyout year, while aggressive earnings managers do not outperform industry at all. Discretionary total accruals are inversely associated with performance changes in the three years after buyout, and explain over 4 per cent of the changes in performance. Research limitations/implications Pertinent to the utilisation of private firms and their exemption from publishing cash flow statement, the study relies on accrual-based models for tests of earnings management. Originality/value The paper contributes to the mergers and acquisitions literature and value creation debate in buyouts by providing the first tests of earnings management and post-acquisition performance in private firm management buyouts.
42
Jacobs, Robert A., and Melissa Dominguez. "Visual Development and the Acquisition of Motion Velocity Sensitivities." Neural Computation 15, no. 4 (April 1, 2003): 761–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/08997660360581895.
Анотація:
We consider the hypothesis that systems learning aspects of visual perception may benefit from the use of suitably designed developmental progressions during training. Four models were trained to estimate motion velocities in sequences of visual images. Three of the models were developmental models in the sense that the nature of their visual input changed during the course of training. These models received a relatively impoverished visual input early in training, and the quality of this input improved as training progressed. One model used a coarse-to-multiscale developmental progression (it received coarse-scale motion features early in training and finer-scale features were added to its input as training progressed), another model used a fine-to-multiscale progression, and the third model used a random progression. The final model was nondevelopmental in the sense that the nature of its input remained the same throughout the training period. The simulation results show that the coarse-to-multiscale model performed best. Hypotheses are offered to account for this model's superior performance, and simulation results evaluating these hypotheses are reported. We conclude that suitably designed developmental sequences can be useful to systems learning to estimate motion velocities. The idea that visual development can aid visual learning is a viable hypothesis in need of further study.
43
Li, Yifan, Xiaohui Yu, and Nick Koudas. "Data acquisition for improving machine learning models." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 14, no. 10 (June 2021): 1832–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3467861.3467872.
Анотація:
The vast advances in Machine Learning (ML) over the last ten years have been powered by the availability of suitably prepared data for training purposes. The future of ML-enabled enterprise hinges on data. As such, there is already a vibrant market offering data annotation services to tailor sophisticated ML models. In this paper, inspired by the recent vision of online data markets and associated market designs, we present research on the practical problem of obtaining data in order to improve the accuracy of ML models. We consider an environment in which consumers query for data to enhance the accuracy of their models and data providers who possess data make them available for training purposes. We first formalize this interaction process laying out the suitable framework and associated parameters for data exchange. We then propose two data acquisition strategies that consider a trade-off between exploration during which we obtain data to learn about the distribution of a provider's data and exploitation during which we optimize our data inquiries utilizing the gained knowledge. In the first strategy, Estimation and Allocation (EA), we utilize queries to estimate the utilities of various predicates while learning about the distribution of the provider's data; then we proceed to the allocation stage in which we utilize those learned utility estimates to inform our data acquisition decisions. The second algorithmic proposal, named Sequential Predicate Selection (SPS), utilizes a sampling strategy to explore the distribution of the provider's data, adaptively investing more resources to parts of the data space that are statistically more promising to improve overall model accuracy. We present a detailed experimental evaluation of our proposals utilizing a variety of ML models and associated real data sets exploring all applicable parameters of interest. Our results demonstrate the relative benefits of the proposed algorithms. Depending on the models trained and the associated learning tasks we identify trade-offs and highlight the relative benefits of each algorithm to further optimize model accuracy.
44
Jochen Lang, Dinesh K. Pai, and Robert J. Woodham. "Acquisition of Elastic Models for Interactive Simulation." International Journal of Robotics Research 21, no. 8 (August 2002): 713–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/027836402761412458.
45
Suzuki, Motoyuki, Shozo Makino, and Hirotomo Aso. "Acquisition of language models based on HMnet." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 100, no. 4 (October 1996): 2757–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.416330.
46
Melamed, Raviv. "Experimental comparison of three target acquisition models." Optical Engineering 37, no. 7 (July 1, 1998): 1902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.602029.
47
Goel, Ashok K., and Kurt P. Eiselt. "Mental models, text interpretation, and knowledge acquisition." ACM SIGART Bulletin 2, no. 4 (July 1991): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/122344.122358.
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HAHN, ULRIKE. "Language acquisition also needs non-connectionist models." Journal of Child Language 26, no. 1 (February 1999): 217–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000998283747.
Анотація:
Rethinking innateness is a timely volume which forcefully demonstrates the importance of modelling in understanding development, ‘innateness’, and the nature of change. It provides an inspiring vision of what developmental psychology could one day be like, linking behaviour and biology via connectionist models. However, Rispoli's worry about the book's potential for detrimental polarization does not seem unfounded. One aspect of the book that deserves comment in this respect is the focus on connectionism to the exclusion of other types of model. It is unclear from Rethinking innateness itself whether this exclusion of other approaches merely stems from the legitimate desire to write a focused book, or whether it possibly reflects an actively held view that connectionism is the one true approach to modelling development. Regardless of the authors' intentions, the role of connectionism in relation to other computational approaches is an issue which is particularly pertinent to the study of language acquisition.To clarify straightaway, I not only concur with Elman et al. on the central role of modelling, but also strongly believe that the task of the cognitive scientist is not complete until one has an account of how a particular process is realised in a neural architecture. These two commitments give connectionist models a central role. But they do not make connectionism the exclusive modelling tool for the study of language acquisition, nor necessarily the best path to currently pursue. The reasons for this are twofold.The first is a matter of research strategy. It is possible that more rapid progress and greater success might be made if one starts with high-level models which give less immediate regard to matters of implementation.
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dittmar, Norbert. "SLA Models and Issues: Acquisition of Semantics." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 9 (March 1988): 54–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500000805.
Анотація:
Semantic aspects of learner varieties have only recently gained the interest of second language acquistion [SLA] researchers. This is partly a consequence of some shifts in SLA theory and partly due to the discussion of “form” and “function” and the notions “pragmatics” and “semantics” in linguistic theory. There are two corollaries in recent SLA research: interlanguages should be described on the basis of their use in real communication situations, and the process of learning (strategies and stages in course of acquisition) should be the focus of empirical work. (For a discussion of process and product cf., Dittmar 1984.) As a matter of fact, the present standard paradigm in SLA is the description of learner varieties “outside the classroom” with a focus on “learning without explicit teaching” (also known by the somewhat misleading term undirected learning ) under natural conditions of communication with an emphasis on cross-sectional studies in the seventies (cf., Klein and Dittmar 1979) and on longi- tudinal research in the eighties (cf., Perdue 1982).
50
Greer, Willis R., and Shu S. Liao. "Weapon pricing models for defense acquisition policy." Journal of Accounting and Public Policy 6, no. 4 (December 1987): 271–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0278-4254(87)80003-0.