Дисертації з теми "Accessibility cost"
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Sadatsafavi, Mohsen. "Advancing the methods and accessibility of cost-effectiveness and value of information analyses in health care." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40867.
Повний текст джерелаLundin, Susan. "Utredning av merkostnader för höjning av tillgänglighetsnivån från normal till höjd nivå enligt SS 91 42 21:2006 samt 91 42 22:2006." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-90014.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is based on an existing drawing designed by Arkinova Arkitekter, and is adapted to normal level of accessibility. The drawing consists of five apartments, with each apartment covering a total floor area between 36-64 m2. To improve accessibility for disabled groups, the apartments have been re-designed to a higher level of accessibility using BIM software Revit Architecture based on SS (Swedish Standard) 91 42 21:2006 and 91 42 22:2006. The purpose of this study was to investigate the additional costs associated with an increased accessibility; these additional costs were calculated in the spreadsheet program BidCon. The result showed that in order to comply with SS’ recommendation around increased accessibility, the floor area in the original drawing had to be increased by 84 m2 to allow increased mobility. This corresponds to a total increase of 25 %, which resulted in an additional costs of 126 014 SEK (22 % increase) including material for walls, doors and floor slab.
Meng, Qingyue. "Health care pricing and payment reforms in China: the implications for health service delivery and cost containment /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-576-3/.
Повний текст джерелаStröm, Lind Anna, Hanna Silfver, and Eleonor Bengtsson. "Tillgänglighetskrav i nyproduktion - På vilket sätt påverkar tillgänglighetskraven nyproduktionen av bostäder?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23066.
Повний текст джерелаSweden's building regulations are based on UNs conventions and it has been determined thatall new construction should be accessible to everyone. Whether the accessibility requirementsaffect property development in Sweden is a well debated issue. Industry actors believe thatthe building regulations are too detailed and that the development opportunities in the realestate industry are small.The purpose of the thesis is to investigate whether the accessibility requirements affect thenew construction of housing and to find out whether the accessibility requirements entailconsequences on the new construction of housing. The study was conducted using aqualitative method and contains interviews of a total of thirteen companies that all work inthe real estate industry.The companies agree that the accessibility requirements are a factor that influences and caninhibit the construction process, but they believe that it is not the solely factor, but there arerequirements that affect even more, for example the requirement for noise and daylight.Another problem that the companies experience is that the great scope for interpretation, butthe National Board of Housing believes that the scope for interpretations regardingaccessibility requirements is not greater than in other requirements.It is agreed that the trend today goes towards smaller housing, but many experiences that theaccessibility requirements obstruct their construction on this type of smaller housing. Thenational Board of Housing has no direct perception on how the actual demand is on the realestate market. The companies have mixed opinions regarding whether all new constructionshould be available to everyone or if it is sufficient that a proportion of the constructionfollows the accessibility requirements. The National Board of Housing has no comment onthis matter but claims that the laws are mandatory.
Silvestre, Cerdà Joan Albert. "Different Contributions to Cost-Effective Transcription and Translation of Video Lectures." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/62194.
Повний текст джерела[ES] Durante estos últimos años, los repositorios multimedia on-line han experimentado un gran crecimiento que les ha hecho establecerse como fuentes fundamentales de conocimiento, especialmente en el área de la educación, donde se han creado grandes repositorios de vídeo charlas educativas para complementar e incluso reemplazar los métodos de enseñanza tradicionales. No obstante, la mayoría de estas charlas no están transcritas ni traducidas debido a la ausencia de soluciones de bajo coste que sean capaces de hacerlo garantizando una calidad mínima aceptable. Soluciones de este tipo son claramente necesarias para hacer que las vídeo charlas sean más accesibles para hablantes de otras lenguas o para personas con discapacidades auditivas. Además, dichas soluciones podrían facilitar la aplicación de funciones de búsqueda y de análisis tales como clasificación, recomendación o detección de plagios, así como el desarrollo de funcionalidades educativas avanzadas, como por ejemplo la generación de resúmenes automáticos de contenidos para ayudar al estudiante a tomar apuntes. Por este motivo, el principal objetivo de esta tesis es desarrollar una solución de bajo coste capaz de transcribir y traducir vídeo charlas con un nivel de calidad razonable. Más específicamente, abordamos la integración de técnicas estado del arte de Reconocimiento del Habla Automático y Traducción Automática en grandes repositorios de vídeo charlas educativas para la generación de subtítulos multilingües de alta calidad sin requerir intervención humana y con un reducido coste computacional. Además, también exploramos los beneficios potenciales que conllevaría la explotación de la información de la que disponemos a priori sobre estos repositorios, es decir, conocimientos específicos sobre las charlas tales como el locutor, la temática o las transparencias, para crear sistemas de transcripción y traducción especializados mediante técnicas de adaptación masiva. Las soluciones propuestas en esta tesis han sido testeadas en escenarios reales llevando a cabo nombrosas evaluaciones objetivas y subjetivas, obteniendo muy buenos resultados. El principal legado de esta tesis, The transLectures-UPV Platform, ha sido liberado públicamente como software de código abierto, y, en el momento de escribir estas líneas, está sirviendo transcripciones y traducciones automáticas para diversos miles de vídeo charlas educativas en nombrosas universidades e instituciones Españolas y Europeas.
[CAT] Durant aquests darrers anys, els repositoris multimèdia on-line han experimentat un gran creixement que els ha fet consolidar-se com a fonts fonamentals de coneixement, especialment a l'àrea de l'educació, on s'han creat grans repositoris de vídeo xarrades educatives per tal de complementar o inclús reemplaçar els mètodes d'ensenyament tradicionals. No obstant això, la majoria d'aquestes xarrades no estan transcrites ni traduïdes degut a l'absència de solucions de baix cost capaces de fer-ho garantint una qualitat mínima acceptable. Solucions d'aquest tipus són clarament necessàries per a fer que les vídeo xarres siguen més accessibles per a parlants d'altres llengües o per a persones amb discapacitats auditives. A més, aquestes solucions podrien facilitar l'aplicació de funcions de cerca i d'anàlisi tals com classificació, recomanació o detecció de plagis, així com el desenvolupament de funcionalitats educatives avançades, com per exemple la generació de resums automàtics de continguts per ajudar a l'estudiant a prendre anotacions. Per aquest motiu, el principal objectiu d'aquesta tesi és desenvolupar una solució de baix cost capaç de transcriure i traduir vídeo xarrades amb un nivell de qualitat raonable. Més específicament, abordem la integració de tècniques estat de l'art de Reconeixement de la Parla Automàtic i Traducció Automàtica en grans repositoris de vídeo xarrades educatives per a la generació de subtítols multilingües d'alta qualitat sense requerir intervenció humana i amb un reduït cost computacional. A més, també explorem els beneficis potencials que comportaria l'explotació de la informació de la que disposem a priori sobre aquests repositoris, és a dir, coneixements específics sobre les xarrades tals com el locutor, la temàtica o les transparències, per a crear sistemes de transcripció i traducció especialitzats mitjançant tècniques d'adaptació massiva. Les solucions proposades en aquesta tesi han estat testejades en escenaris reals duent a terme nombroses avaluacions objectives i subjectives, obtenint molt bons resultats. El principal llegat d'aquesta tesi, The transLectures-UPV Platform, ha sigut alliberat públicament com a programari de codi obert, i, en el moment d'escriure aquestes línies, està servint transcripcions i traduccions automàtiques per a diversos milers de vídeo xarrades educatives en nombroses universitats i institucions Espanyoles i Europees.
Silvestre Cerdà, JA. (2016). Different Contributions to Cost-Effective Transcription and Translation of Video Lectures [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/62194
TESIS
Dzuranin, Ann C. "Mitigating Escalation of Commitment: An Investigation of the Effects of Priming and Decision-Making Setting in Capital Project Continuation Decisions." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://digital.lib.usf.edu/?e14.2942.
Повний текст джерелаQiu, Waishan. "Increasing Saudi females' accessibility to employment via car-pooling in Riyadh : measure the realistic commute cost by network computing methods and investigate the share-ability based on actual taxi trip data." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111478.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 121-124).
Due to the driving ban as well as to social restrictions on their movement with male drivers, Saudi women have to rely on either male family members or the employer's shuttle bus; otherwise they would hire a driver or take the taxi. These few options pose high commute cost on Saudi females, hence their access to economic opportunities is restrained, especially among lower car ownership segments. Such restrictions have negative influence on Saudi females' employment. The employment rate of Saudi women is only 22%. However, no previous research has quantitatively investigated the commute cost as a financial burden and barrier to job participation for Saudi females. Taking the capital city Riyadh as a case study, this study will (1) develop the method to measure the realistic commute cost (in terms of time and money) by different transportation options for Saudi female residents in different job sectors; (2) examine the spatial mismatch between Saudi females' concentration and their job markets using the notion of accessibility; (3) demonstrate ridesharing's capacity of providing greater access for Saudi women based on spatial analysis of the current commute demands and behaviors; (4) and also look at the feasibility of developing ridesharing programs based on network analysis of current taxi trips. This study sheds light on implications for policy makers and ridesharing service companies to reduce Saudi females' commute cost so as to increase their access to economic opportunities.
by Waishan Qiu.
M.C.P.
Rydell, Emma, and Jennifer Andersson. "Social hållbarhet – en tillgänglighetsinventering i Jönköping." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-41167.
Повний текст джерелаSyfte: Detta arbete undersöker tillgängligheten av det befintliga bostadsbeståndet i Jönköping stad. Inventeringen utfördes med hjälp av handboken Tillgänglighet i befintligt bostadsbestånd, TIBB. Målet är att undersöka omfattningen av tillgänglighetsproblem utifrån urvalet i Jönköping stad med TIBB, samt att beräkna kostnader för att eliminera dessa problem. Detta ger ett underlag som bidrar till en förbättring av den sociala hållbarheten. För att uppnå målet ställdes följande frågeställningar: (1) Hur många flerbostadshus utifrån urvalet från 40-, 50- och 60-tal i Jönköping stad, har problem med tillgängligheten enligt TIBB? (2) Vad är förekomsten av olika typer av tillgänglighetsproblem i de undersökta flerbostadshusen? (3) Vad kan kostnadsuppskattningen vara för att uppfylla kraven i TIBB, med och utan subventionering för en hiss? Metod: Antalet fastigheter som undersökts var 15 stycken. En fallstudie med observation gav rådata som analyserats och gett resultat genom databearbetning. En dokumentanalys gjordes inför kostnadsuppskattningen för att använda sig av samma beräkningar för att kunna få fram generaliserbara siffror, samt jämföra kostnader. För att ge bakgrund till problemet har en litteraturstudie utförts vilket bekräftar att det finns tillgänglighetsproblem i det befintliga bostadsbeståndet. Resultat: Resultatet utifrån arbetet visade att samtliga undersökta flerbostadshusen i Jönköping har problem med tillgängligheten då de endast uppnådde den lägsta nivån enligt TIBB. De vanligaste tillgänglighetsproblemen för de undersökta flerbostadshusen är att trappans nedersta och övertas steg är ej markerade, avsaknad av uppställningsplats för rollator utanför och innanför entrén, hiss saknas samt är trösklarna över 15 mm. För att åtgärda tillgänglighetsproblemen med högsta möjliga tillgänglighetsnivå för respektive fastighet beräknades kostnaden fram till cirka 20,0 miljoner kronor utan subventionering vid installation av hiss. Kostnaden uppgår till cirka 10,4 miljoner kronor med subventionering vid installation av hiss. Konsekvenser: Slutsatserna som dras är att de identifierade tillgänglighetsproblemen utifrån urvalet i Jönköpings stad måste åtgärdas för att tillgodose bostäder för den ökande andelen äldre människor i framtiden. Fastighetsföretagen får höja hyran med max 450 kronor i månaden om hiss installeras. För att fastighetsbolagen ska kunna tillgänglighetsanpassa sina fastigheter, vilket bidrar till en förbättrad social hållbarhet, behöver förslaget till subventionering vid installering av hiss gå igenom, annars kommer fastighetsbolagen gå med förlust om de åtgärdar tillgänglighetsproblemen. Begränsningar: Avgränsningar i arbetet är utifrån årtal, 40-, 50- och 60-talet samt att enbart fem objekt från varje tidsepok inventeras. Kostnader berör många olika faktorer inom ett samhällsekonomiskt perspektiv och kommer i arbetet begränsas till rimliga hyreshöjningar enligt fastighetsförvaltarna.
Seagrave, Susanne M. "The role of expensive technologies in the new medical marketplace /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9906474.
Повний текст джерелаPark, Yongha. "Studies in Airline and Aviation Efficiency." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu149261466159752.
Повний текст джерелаMulindahabi, Charline. "Democratic decentralisation in Rwanda." University of the Western Cape, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7887.
Повний текст джерелаRwandan local government system is currently making an important turning point with the introduction of democratic decentralisation. This study was carried out in order to find out the prospects and challenges of democratic decentralisation in Rwandan context. From Rwanda's independence in 1962 up to the 1999 administrative reforms, local governments, namely communes, have largely failed in their mission of being basic development units. Democratic decentralisation was then introduced to bridge gaps and correct weaknesses that undemined local governance in the past. There are some challenges like generalised poverty in the country, the nonparticipation, and dependence syndrome among citizens that need to be overcome. However, there are also opportunities that ought to be taken advantage if democratic decentralisation is to really take root in Rwanda. The main opportunity is commitment to to democracy and decentralisation by all stakeholders, the national leadership, local authorities and citizens in general. However, democratic decentralisation cannot be attained quickly. It is achieved gradually depending on citizens' understanding and to the availability of the resources. authorities and citizens in general
Reid, Denise P. "Stuck Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Exploring the Lived Experiences of College Students Who Do Not Request Accommodations." Chapman University Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/ces_dissertations/1.
Повний текст джерелаJoaquim, José Amilton. "Financiamento do ensino superior em Moçambique : a comparticipação dos estudantes/famílias na província de Gaza." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20787.
Повний текст джерелаO crescimento massivo da população estudantil nas instituições de ensino superior tem desafiado as modalidades tradicionais de financiamento público. E as políticas de partilha de custos têm sido uma das opções recorridas pelos governos. Nessa partilha, é importante que, em função das características sociais e económicas dos estudantes e famílias, as questões relacionadas com a equidade e acessibilidade sejam acauteladas. Este estudo procura compreender como é que as políticas de partilha de custos, tendo em conta os custos diretos, de frequência de ensino superior, indiretos, outras despesas de vida e as características sociais e económicas dos moçambicanos, podem ajudar ou obstruir a acessibilidade ao ensino superior em Moçambique. Para o efeito, fizemos uma combinação de abordagens metodológicas, qualitativa e quantitativa, recorrendo as técnicas do inquérito por questionário aos estudantes do ensino superior na província de Gaza e a análise documental sobre o financiamento do ensino superior em Moçambique e no mundo. Os resultados revelaram que em Moçambique o modelo de partilha de custos no financiamento do ensino superior é misto, público e privado, e apesar do Estado continuar a assegurar parte do financiamento do ensino superior como forma de garantir o acesso, ainda está muito aquém de satisfazer as reais necessidades dos estudantes e famílias moçambicanas, pelo número de instituições do ensino superior que continuam sendo reduzidas. Pelos custos onerosos de educação e de vida durante a frequência do ensino superior, que estão muito acima dos rendimentos dos estudantes. As bolsas de estudos para além de serem reduzidas, constituem o único meio de apoio social, o processo de atribuição é ineficiente e as condições das bolsas não satisfazem os custos reais acarretados pelos estudantes. O que coloca em causa as questões de equidade e acessibilidade ao ensino superior, principalmente para as famílias com as condições sócio económicas modestas no país.
The massive growth of the student population in higher education institutions has challenged traditional forms of public funding. And cost-sharing policies have been one of the options that governments use. In this sharing, it is important that, due to the social and economic characteristics of students and families, issues related to equity and accessibility are addressed. This study seeks to understand how cost-sharing policies, taking into account direct costs, higher education attendance, indirect costs, other living expenses and the social and economic characteristics of Mozambicans, can help or hinder accessibility to higher education in Mozambique. To this end, we have combined methodological, qualitative and quantitative approaches using survey questionnaire techniques for higher education students in Gaza province and document analysis on higher education funding in Mozambique and around the world. The results showed that in Mozambique the cost-sharing model for higher education funding is mixed, public and private, and while the state continues to provide part of higher education funding as a means of securing access, it is still far from satisfying the real needs of Mozambican students and families by the number of higher education institutions that continue to be reduced. The costly education and living costs during higher education, which are far above student incomes. In addition to being small, scholarships are the only means of social support, the process of awarding them is inefficient and the conditions of the scholarships do not meet the real costs incurred by students. This calls into question the issues of equity and accessibility to higher education, especially for families with modest socio-economic conditions in the country.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Song, Ying. "Green Accessibility: Estimating the Environmental Costs of Space-time Prisms for Sustainable Transportation Planning." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437344275.
Повний текст джерелаEllis, S. D. "The economics of the provision of rural transport services in developing countries." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1996. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/3297.
Повний текст джерелаPezzi, Francesco. "Valutazione dei costi dell'accessibilità del Web." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/1948/.
Повний текст джерелаDavén, Jonatan. "Free Primary Education in Tanzania? : A case study on costs and accessibility of primary education in Babati town." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Life Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1833.
Повний текст джерелаIn 2002 Tanzania initiated the implementation of the Primary Education Development Plan (PEDP), in which a substantial capacity expansion and quality improvement of primary education was outlined. The most important measure in the plan was to make primary school free and accessible to all, irrespective of financial capabilities. This thesis is a qualitative policy study, which aims at finding out whether or not primary education is free and equally accessible to all in Tanzania. Besides establishing if it is in fact free and accessible, the thesis identifies the main costs and restraints to access and also brings forward the children’s perceptions on these restraints. The answers to these questions were sought in a case study, conducted in Babati District in Northern Tanzania. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with households, school staff and primary school children and their responses has been compared to the national policy on primary education. The main conclusions of the study are that: Primary education is not free in Tanzania, as there are significant costs involved to send a child to primary school, such as school uniform, school material and various contributions to the running costs of the school. Neither is primary education equally accessible to all, as children from households, which cannot pay these costs, are sent home from school on a regular basis. Lastly, being sent home has a damaging effect on the children’s school performances and self-esteem.
McClellan, Craig S. "Perspectives of 12th grade students, their families, and school officials related to affordability and accessibility of the West Virginia PROMISE Scholarship program at Logan High School." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2006. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4908.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 211 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 202-209).
Skelton, Ross Alexander. "The impact of home loan key facts sheets on borrowers' comparisons of loan costs." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/91053/4/Ross_Skelton_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMa, Kexin. "Superannuation member disengagement and fund efficiency: the impact of the fees and costs section in superannuation fund product disclosure statements." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/235045/1/Kexin_Ma_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBüttner, Benjamin [Verfasser], Gebhard [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Wulfhorst, Yves [Gutachter] Crozet, and Michael [Gutachter] Wegener. "Consequences of sharp increases in mobility costs on accessibility : Suggestions for individual and public development strategies / Benjamin Büttner ; Gutachter: Yves Crozet, Michael Wegener, Gebhard Wulfhorst ; Betreuer: Gebhard Wulfhorst." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1124590951/34.
Повний текст джерелаBüttner, Benjamin Christoph [Verfasser], Gebhard [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Wulfhorst, Yves [Gutachter] Crozet, and Michael [Gutachter] Wegener. "Consequences of sharp increases in mobility costs on accessibility : Suggestions for individual and public development strategies / Benjamin Büttner ; Gutachter: Yves Crozet, Michael Wegener, Gebhard Wulfhorst ; Betreuer: Gebhard Wulfhorst." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1124590951/34.
Повний текст джерелаMeissner, Roy, Kurt Junghanns, and Michael Martin. "A Decentralized and Remote Controlled Webinar Approach, Utilizing Client-side Capabilities: To Increase Participant Limits and Reduce Operating Costs." ScitePress, 2018. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A32159.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Minghui. "Analyse de la concurrence intermodale : l'évaluation de la qualité des dessertes ferroviaires et aériennes." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2080.
Повний текст джерелаThe high speed line (Ligne à Grande Vitesse Sud Europe Atlantique) that has been operating since July 2, 2017, reduced train travel time by 1 hour on the Paris-Bordeaux line. The expected impacts are an improvement of the competitiveness of rail transport and a modal shift from plane to train. In this thesis, we are interested in the effects of this new railway infrastructure on travellers’ modal choice behaviour. In particular, we are interested in the quality of transport timetable and their impact on the travel behaviour.The quality of transport timetable is an important issue for the various relevant stakeholders. The total number of trains or intermediate stops are not sufficient for a relevant evaluation. The objective of this doctoral thesis is to demonstrate, from the theoretical and empirical point of view, that the relevant approach must be based on activity programs and not just on transport supply.We presented indicators for a better evaluation of the effects related to the quality of transport timetable on travellers’ modal choice. The analysis begins with indicators that provide complementary information to the standard indicators to a more sophisticated model that are able to take into account the characteristics of opportunities in destination. We directed our research to a disaggregated approach while ensuring the measurability of the indicators.Two methods are presented in this thesis: indicators of useful time at destination and the combined modal choice – schedule choice model. Using the first method, we improve our knowledge of the effects related to the quality of transport timetable with a new module integrated in modal choice models. With the second method, we study the research problem with a combined model structure that explains both the modal choice and the schedule choice. These methods are developed on the basis of discrete choice models.We performed an econometric analysis of passenger demand on the Paris - Bordeaux route with "passenger" survey data. We show that the variables specifically constructed for the evaluation of the quality of transport timetable are relevant to explain the travellers’ modal choice.This thesis is organized as follows:In the first part, we present the competition issues in the transport market. Among the different forms of competition, we are interested in intermodal competition. It helps us to understand what is involved in competition questions in the transport market and why this issue is important. This theoretical part includes a literature review that helped us to elaborate our research problem.We present, in the second part, our methods to study the quality of transport timetable: the useful time at destination and the combined modal choice – schedule choice model. In this methodological part, we also present the principles based on discrete choice theory that are the basis of our analysis.The context of our case study, the data and the results are presented in the third part. The advantages and disadvantages of our method are presented in this part of this thesis
Ba, Zrampieu Sarah. "Qualité et accessibilité aux services de soins maternels et infantiles dans un contexte d’exemption de paiement : cas de la Côte-d’Ivoire." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL12012.
Повний текст джерелаFrom April 2011, Ivorian authorities decided adoption of the exemption from payment of medical fees for users of public health institutions and community based. In February 2012, measure of total exemption from payment of medical fees takes end and leaves room to free care, targeted to pregnant women and children under five. This targeted free represents transitional step toward the establishment of universal health coverage. Also, since its adoption in February 2012, the policy of exemption of direct payment targeted to pregnant women and children under five is applied in Côte-d’Ivoire? What are the consequences of the implementation of this policy on the quality and accessibility of maternal and child care in Côte-d’Ivoire? These are the question to which our research will try to answer from a theoretical framework, mainly based on economic theories. These theories are theory of informational asymmetry, Lancasterian theory and approach by capabilities. In order to meet our research questions, we have achieved quantitative analysis of data from surveys of living standards of households carried out by National Institute of Statistics of Côte-d’Ivoire in 2008 and 2015. On the other hand, we realized structured and in-depth interviews, during May 2016 and January 2017, with patients, health providers, and individuals who live close to health centres selected. The main results of our analyses concern partial application of exemption from direct payment, maintaining quality and accessibility to maternal and child healthcare services, and finally, difficult transition to universal health coverage
Mil, Rémy de. "Efficience de programmes de santé publique visant à réduire les inégalités de participation au dépistage organisé des cancers." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC415/document.
Повний текст джерелаBackground. Increasing participation in organized cancers screening and reducing social and geographical inequalities in participation represent a major public health issue. Objectives. To determine the costeffectiveness of 2 interventions aiming at increasing participation and reducing inequalities in organized cancer screening in France Methods. We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis from the payer's perspective: 1) of an invitation to a mobile mammography unit (MM) unit for breast cancer screening from retrospective data (n = 37461), 2) of a patient navigation program (PN) for colorectal cancer screening from a randomized controlled trial (n = 16250). Results. The incremental cost per additional screen compared with usual screening was: 1) € 611 [492-821] for the invitation to the MM (+ 3.8% [2.8-4.8], + € 23.21 [22.64-23.78] ), and 2) of € 1 212 [872-1 978] for PN (+ 3.3% [1.5-5.0], + 39.70 €). Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness were greater in deprived areas and in remote areas for MM, whereas they were less favorable in deprived areas for PN. Conclusion. MM and PN can reduce inequalities while being more efficient in remote areas and in deprived areas for MM, while, to achieve this, PN should target deprived people, even if being not the most efficient strategy. Research needs to be pursued to determine the optimal conditions for MM integration in organized breast cancer screening, and to improve the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of PN, which can not be recommended as experimented for now
Guerreiro, Pablo José Martinelli. "Adequação de calçadas e travessias às condições mínimas de acessibilidade : um procedimento para estimativa de custos de serviços e obras." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4271.
Повний текст джерелаFinanciadora de Estudos e Projetos
Abstract: This study presents a procedure used to determine the cost of adapting sidewalks and urban crossings through cost quantification of work needed to repair or rebuild a sidewalk segment and to adapt its crossing. The necessary work was estimated in accordance with Calçada Cidadã standards, a project elaborated by the city administration of Vitória, ES, Brazil. The sidewalk quality was assessed by determining the level of required work according to procedures and recommendations described in Ferreira & Sanches (2005). Based on these sidewalk and quality assessment models a computer program prototype was developed to assess the quality of public spaces and to determine the necessary amount of work, and its corresponding cost, to make them more accessible. In order to test the prototype and assess its viability a case study was carried out in São Carlos, SP, Brazil. It assessed the conditions of a sidewalk segment of this city s downtown streets and determined the cost of improvement work needed to make it accessible to all pedestrians.
Esta dissertação apresenta um procedimento para determinação de custos de adequação de calçadas e travessias urbanas através da quantificação dos custos dos serviços necessários a realização das obras de reparos ou da reconstrução total de um trecho de calçada, além da adequação da travessia. O levantamento dos serviços necessários foi feito utilizando-se como padrão de projeto as especificações constantes do manual do projeto Calçada Cidadã da Prefeitura Municipal de Vitória ES. A avaliação da qualidade da calçada através da determinação do seu nível de serviço foi feita segundo os procedimentos e recomendações constantes da metodologia de avaliação do nível de serviço de calçadas desenvolvida por FERREIRA E SANCHES (2005). Adotado o padrão de projeto para a calçada ideal e o modelo de avaliação da qualidade foi desenvolvido um protótipo de um programa de computador que avalia a qualidade dos espaços públicos e, a partir da avaliação da situação real, determina os serviços necessários e os seus respectivos custos para transformar este espaço em uma condição de acessibilidade melhor. Para a aferição do protótipo e da viabilidade de sua utilização foi realizado um estudo de caso na cidade de São Carlos visando avaliar as condições de um trecho de calçadas da malha viária da região central da cidade e da determinação dos custos dos serviços e obras de melhorias, necessários para tornar este trecho em condições de acessibilidades adequadas.
Gottfried, Fabrice. "Vers un outil d'aide à la décision en ingénierie territoriale appliqué à la géolocalisation de centres de santé." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAH012.
Повний текст джерелаEveryone knows that our western societies are getting older. Our elderly use also a lot of health care where costs go up and up year after year. Thus, health managers have to face conflicting challenges : how to offer top health protection for all at a reasonable cost for each of us and at an acceptable cost for our local health authorities. A health management that is too rigorous limited to the sole expenditure may undermine intergenerational solidarity by sacrificing the most vulnerable populations. In this way of mind, our aid decision tool could help health managers and politics find alternative solutions to restore some equity, in our case health care accessibility, to ensure sustainable social justice, the cement of all advanced societies. We have tested our tool with 2 territories having very different geographical and demographic characteristics : the densely populated Bas-Rhin region located in the Eastern part of France and the less densely populated region of Estrie located in the South-eastern Province of Quebec (Canada). Our tool may only be part of the solution to these health care costs mentioned above but, its utility and originality are also easily transferable to other possible organizational environments
Gerike, Regine. "Wie kann das Leitbild nachhaltiger Verkehrsentwicklung konkretisiert werden?" Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1132862870193-12708.
Повний текст джерелаGerike, Regine. "Wie kann das Leitbild nachhaltiger Verkehrsentwicklung konkretisiert werden?: Ableitung grundlegender Aufgabenbereiche." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2004. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24597.
Повний текст джерелаAdams, Kirk. "Journeys Through Rough Country: An Ethnographic Study of Blind Adults Successfully Employed in American Corporations." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1552066999409903.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Wei. "A spatial model analysing firms' decision on accessibility improvement." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/13962.
Повний текст джерелаKahler, Ashleigh Joy. "Mobilizing medicine: a design response to the accessibility and cost issues in health care." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/25803.
Повний текст джерелаtext
Thompson, Brandy. "Cost Barriers to Dental Care in Canada." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/33565.
Повний текст джерелаSpiller, Stephen Andrew. "Limited Means and What I Can't Buy: Resource Constraints and Resource Use Accessibility Drive Opportunity Cost Consideration." Diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/3939.
Повний текст джерелаEvery consumer decision incurs a cost. An hour spent researching products is an hour not spent working. Vacation days used in the winter are vacation days not used in the summer. A dollar spent on a car payment is a dollar not spent dining out. What determines the extent to which consumers consider such opportunity costs when making decisions?
Although every purchase requires an outlay cost (i.e., spending dollars in order to obtain a good), outlay costs only have economic significance because some other good or service must be given up as a result. Consumers have unlimited wants but limited resources, so satisfying one want means not satisfying another (the opportunity cost). An opportunity cost is "the evaluation placed on the most highly valued of the rejected alternatives or opportunities" (Buchanan 2008) or "the loss of other alternatives when one alternative is chosen" (Oxford English Dictionary 2010). Opportunity costs are foundational to the science of economics and, normatively, consumers should account for opportunity costs in every decision they make. I define opportunity cost consideration as "considering alternative uses for one's resources when deciding whether to spend resources on a focal option."
Because consumers face opportunity costs, every purchase decision is effectively a choice among alternative resource uses, not just a decision of whether or not to make a particular purchase. When consumers consider their opportunity costs, alternative resource uses specify the broadest form of competition that products face: each resource use competes for share-of-wallet with all other potential resource uses. Understanding when consumers consider a purchase decision as an allocation across multiple options, and what those considered options are, allows researchers and practitioners to better understand why consumers make the purchases that they do, why they restrain from making the purchases that they do not, and how to influence purchases of focal options by increasing or decreasing consideration of alternative resource uses.
What determines when consumers consider opportunity costs? In Essay 1, I propose that consumers consider opportunity costs when they perceive immediate resource constraints. In Essay 2, I propose that consumers consider opportunity costs when the resource in use increases the accessibility of alternative resource uses in memory.
Beyond addressing when consumers consider opportunity costs, I address three additional questions. First, who is more likely to consider opportunity costs? Individuals with a high propensity to plan are likely to consider opportunity costs even when they are not immediately constrained. Second, which opportunity costs are consumers more likely to consider? Consumers are more likely to consider opportunity costs that are more typical of the category of possible resource uses than opportunity costs that are less typical of the category of possible resource uses. Third, what are the consequences of opportunity cost consideration? Individuals who consider their opportunity costs are more sensitive to their value than those who do not consider them. In addition to aiding our understanding of the consumer decision process, understanding opportunity cost consideration has important implications for consumers' sensitivities to the structure of the decision environment, understanding the nature of competition and cross-price elasticities, memory for foregone options, and construction of preferences.
Dissertation
Santos, Andreia Sofia de Sampaio Nunes da Silva. "Telerradiologia: uma alternativa à radiologia presencial?" Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/4667.
Повний текст джерелаTeleradiology has emerged with the advancement of information technologies, the arrival of the internet, digital imaging and network transmission. Teleradiology is described as the transmission of imaging studies from a distant place to another, for the purpose of being interpreted by a physician specialist. To evaluate if teleradiology is an alternative to visiting a radiologists service, a study of economic evaluation – cost analysis – was performed. After determining all costs relating a service of radiology at Hospital do Divino Espírito Santo (S. Miguel, Azores, Portugal), and comparing the average unit cost of studies of physical presence and teleradiology studies, an evaluation was made to determine which solution had a lower cost. This analysis concluded that teleradiology is a viable alternative to presence radiology, in Neuro CT Scans, allowing significant savings. Regarding x-ray the situation is, otherwise, more advantageous when performed in the physician’s presence. Apart from economic issues, there are others factors to be considered when implementing a system of teleradiology – a greater responsiveness of imaging services, a greater flexibility in physician specialist’s shifts management and greater patient’s accessibility in areas geographically rural or islands, which provides a better diagnosis. Teleradiology is a necessary and indispensable tool in the future landscape of healthcare and the predictions suggest continued expansion.
Yao, Shi-sheng, and 姚希聖. "Cost Effects of Public Capital、Agglomeration Economies、and Accessibility on Local Industrial Development Disparities--A Case Study of the Counties in Taiwan." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12736915306772729269.
Повний текст джерела國立成功大學
都市計劃學系
90
Abstract This study, based on the endogenous growth theory, constructs the industrial cost function by introducing three input factors including the public capital stocks, the agglomeration economy, and the accessibility that may affect production efficiency. Adopting the theorem of duality, the first factor, i.e. the public capital stocks, is treated as an unpaid factor of production and the last two factors are treated as the environment technology conditions affecting operations of firms. The data for empirical analysis is based on the Wealth Census of Taiwan where public economic and social capital stocks for counties in Taiwan are estimated by the distribution of major public investment to counties for central authority and provincial government and the annual expenditure of counties. Through the socioeconomic data for regions to establish the index of agglomeration economies by principal analysis, the road-network and traffics for roads above provincial level to establish the index of road-network accessibility, and the data of industrial operations for regions collecting by the Industrial & Commercial Census. The industrial cost function of Translog function type is constructed. The estimation results are used to analyze the effects that those of production environment conditions affect industrial production efficiency for business, transportation-communication & manufacturing, and services industry. Through the empirical analysis, the return to scale for industries are between 1.27 and 1.92 in Taiwan. It is found that the relationship for public economic capital to labors and that for public economic capital to capital factors are substitute but those for public social capital to labors and to capital factors are complementary for industries of business or services, while the relationships for public economic capital to those two kinds of factors are complementary but those for public social capital are substitute respectively for transportation-communication & manufacturing. In relation to the shadow price of public capitals for unit firm, the largest is 0.0452 in new Taiwan dollars for public economic capital of transportation-communication & manufacturing, while the least is 0.00058 for social public capital of business. It is found that the technological change of each industry is not Hick''s neutral. For business during the period of 1986~1991, the growth rate of total factor productivity (TFP), which arrives at 0.4076, is the largest among industries, while that for transportation-communication & manufacturing, arriving at 0.0544, is the least respectively. By comparisons between county clusters for industries, it is shown that the growth rates of TFP for clustered regions differ significantly and that the effect of production environment conditions on industrial production depends on the development degree of regions. For business as an example, in the former two clusters of counties, the main contributions to TFP growth are the effects of scale economies, technological change, public economic investment, and agglomeration economies, while, in the last three clusters of counties, sources to the growth rate of TFP include only in scale economies and in public economic capital. Another example is the services, the magnification of agglomeration economies contributes to the increase in the growth rate of TFP only in regions besides Taipei, Taichung, and Kaoshung. About the disparities in the effect of production environment conditions on development degree for regions, some important properties are found. These include: the production efficiency is significantly raised by the public economic investment for business and services; considering about the effect for agglomeration economies in saving production cost, the property seems significant on condition that, for business, the development degree for regions have to arrive at the lowest threshold of development degree while that for services cannot go beyond the highest threshold; the production efficiency of transportation-communication & manufacturing is significantly raised by public social investment, and the effect increases as the development degree of regions decreases; and the effect of road-network accessibility in saving production cost is significant only for transportation- communication & manufacturing, and the effect is stronger if the region is where this kind of industry is relatively inferior. In view of disparities in effect of production environment conditions on industries and regions, it is suggested that the short-run and middle-run development projects should be reevaluated in considering the spatial characteristics among regions. Key words: public capital, agglomeration economies, road-network accessibility, Translog cost function, total factor productivity
Somega, Selamawit Adnew. "Views of women about accessibility of safe abortion care services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13064.
Повний текст джерелаHealth Studies
M.A. (Public Health)
Laliberté, Benoît. "La télémédecine en radiothérapie : développement d’un modèle et analyse des coûts." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6285.
Повний текст джерелаPurpose: Radiotherapy (RT) is centralized in urban areas in Quebec. Patients with cancer living in remote areas must travel to receive RT, and the proportion of RT patients is inferior to that of urban patients. Telemedicine could allow a minimally staffed RT unit to operate at reasonable costs in a rural setting. This study aims (1) to outline a feasible structure and target population for a tele-radiotherapy unit (teleRT); and (2) to estimate the costs of teleRT, compared to the current situation based on travel to urban centres (travelRT). Methods and Materials: (1) We developed an evidence-based teleRT model meeting the criteria of: feasibility & safety, elimination of patient travel, and minimisation of staff migration. (2) Costs were estimated from the public payor perspective using a previously published activity-based costing model for RT. The model included annualized capital costs, labour, and overhead. Results: (1) In our model, teleRT was restricted to 250 palliative care patients per year. (2) The public payor cost of teleRT was 5918$/patient (95% C.I. 4985 to 7095$) as compared to 4541$/patient (95%C.I. 4351 to 4739$) for travelRT. Yearly costs of the teleRT unit was 1,48 M$ (s.d. 0,6 M$), with a net cost increase to the payor of 0,54 M$ (s.d. 0,26 M$) compared to travelRT. Under less stringent conditions, breast and prostate cancer patients could also benefit from teleRT at similar costs to travelRT. Conclusion: Establishing a teleRT unit to treat a small rural population of palliative care patients results in a modest net increase in cost to the public payor and could lead to increased accessibility and equity.
Williams-Jones, Bryn. "Genetic testing for sale : implications of commercial BRCA testing in Canada." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/13580.
Повний текст джерелаZuma, Sibusiso Memory. "Framework for provision of essential medicines for the district health services." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22792.
Повний текст джерелаHealth Studies
D.Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
Bélanger, Dominique. "Perception des cliniciens, gestionnaires et usagers à l’égard des interventions de groupe offertes pendant la réadaptation en déficience physique." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21400.
Повний текст джерела