Статті в журналах: "Acanthocyte"

1

Maslak, P. "Acanthocyte." ASH Image Bank 2005, no. 0420 (April 20, 2005): 101352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/ashimagebank-2005-101352.

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2

Darras, Alexis, Kevin Peikert, Antonia Rabe, François Yaya, Greta Simionato, Thomas John, Anil Kumar Dasanna, et al. "Acanthocyte Sedimentation Rate as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Neuroacanthocytosis Syndromes: Experimental Evidence and Physical Justification." Cells 10, no. 4 (April 2, 2021): 788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10040788.

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(1) Background: Chorea-acanthocytosis and McLeod syndrome are the core diseases among the group of rare neurodegenerative disorders called neuroacanthocytosis syndromes (NASs). NAS patients have a variable number of irregularly spiky erythrocytes, so-called acanthocytes. Their detection is a crucial but error-prone parameter in the diagnosis of NASs, often leading to misdiagnoses. (2) Methods: We measured the standard Westergren erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of various blood samples from NAS patients and healthy controls. Furthermore, we manipulated the ESR by swapping the erythrocytes and plasma of different individuals, as well as replacing plasma with dextran. These measurements were complemented by clinical laboratory data and single-cell adhesion force measurements. Additionally, we followed theoretical modeling approaches. (3) Results: We show that the acanthocyte sedimentation rate (ASR) with a two-hour read-out is significantly prolonged in chorea-acanthocytosis and McLeod syndrome without overlap compared to the ESR of the controls. Mechanistically, through modern colloidal physics, we show that acanthocyte aggregation and plasma fibrinogen levels slow down the sedimentation. Moreover, the inverse of ASR correlates with the number of acanthocytes (R2=0.61, p=0.004). (4) Conclusions: The ASR/ESR is a clear, robust and easily obtainable diagnostic marker. Independently of NASs, we also regard this study as a hallmark of the physical view of erythrocyte sedimentation by describing anticoagulated blood in stasis as a percolating gel, allowing the application of colloidal physics theory.

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3

Doll, D. C., A. F. List, D. A. Dayhoff, T. S. Loy, Q. S. Ringenberg, and J. W. Yarbro. "Acanthocytosis associated with myelodysplasia." Journal of Clinical Oncology 7, no. 10 (October 1989): 1569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1989.7.10.1569.

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Dysplastic hematopoiesis associated with erythrocyte macrocytosis is a morphologic hallmark of myelodysplasia. We report the cases of six patients with myelodysplasia in which acanthocytosis was the predominant red blood cell (RBC) abnormality. In each case acanthocytes represented 5% to 10% of circulating RBC forms and was the primary reason for referral in two cases. None of the patients had comorbid conditions known to be associated with acanthocyte formation. Myelodysplasia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acanthocytosis, particularly in the anemic, elderly individual. Acanthocytosis may be a harbinger of an unrecognized, hematologic stem-cell disorder.

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4

Slavova-Azmanova, Neli S., Nicole Kucera, Jiulia Satiaputra, Leah Stone, Aaron Magno, Mhairi J. Maxwell, Cathy Quilici, et al. "Gain-of-function Lyn induces anemia: appropriate Lyn activity is essential for normal erythropoiesis and Epo receptor signaling." Blood 122, no. 2 (July 11, 2013): 262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-10-463158.

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Key Points Gain-of-function Lyn mice develop hemolytic anemia with acanthocyte red blood cells and display compensatory extramedullary erythropoiesis. Hyperactive Lyn notably alters Epo receptor signaling, particularly an Akt-FoxO3 pathway, enhancing viability and delaying differentiation.

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5

Bayreuther, C., M. Borg, C. Ferrero-Vacher, A. Chaussenot, and C. Lebrun. "Choréo-acanthocytose sans acanthocytes." Revue Neurologique 166, no. 1 (January 2010): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2009.03.005.

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6

Rabe, Antonia, Alexander Kihm, Alexis Darras, Kevin Peikert, Greta Simionato, Anil Kumar Dasanna, Hannes Glaß, et al. "The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and Its Relation to Cell Shape and Rigidity of Red Blood Cells from Chorea-Acanthocytosis Patients in an Off-Label Treatment with Dasatinib." Biomolecules 11, no. 5 (May 12, 2021): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11050727.

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Background: Chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) is a rare hereditary neurodegenerative disease with deformed red blood cells (RBCs), so-called acanthocytes, as a typical marker of the disease. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was recently proposed as a diagnostic biomarker. To date, there is no treatment option for affected patients, but promising therapy candidates, such as dasatinib, a Lyn-kinase inhibitor, have been identified. Methods: RBCs of two ChAc patients during and after dasatinib treatment were characterized by the ESR, clinical hematology parameters and the 3D shape classification in stasis based on an artificial neural network. Furthermore, mathematical modeling was performed to understand the contribution of cell morphology and cell rigidity to the ESR. Microfluidic measurements were used to compare the RBC rigidity between ChAc patients and healthy controls. Results: The mechano-morphological characterization of RBCs from two ChAc patients in an off-label treatment with dasatinib revealed differences in the ESR and the acanthocyte count during and after the treatment period, which could not directly be related to each other. Clinical hematology parameters were in the normal range. Mathematical modeling indicated that RBC rigidity is more important for delayed ESR than cell shape. Microfluidic experiments confirmed a higher rigidity in the normocytes of ChAc patients compared to healthy controls. Conclusions: The results increase our understanding of the role of acanthocytes and their associated properties in the ESR, but the data are too sparse to answer the question of whether the ESR is a suitable biomarker for treatment success, whereas a correlation between hematological and neuronal phenotype is still subject to verification.

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7

Shah, J. R., D. P. Patkar, and R. N. Kamat. "A Case of McLeod Phenotype of Neuroacanthocytosis Brain MR Features and Literature Review." Neuroradiology Journal 26, no. 1 (February 2013): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140091302600103.

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Huntington's disease and neuroacanthocytosis may present similar clinical and MRI features. It is important to differentiate these findings since treatment and prognosis vary vastly between them. The aim of this article is to familiarize radiologists with the differentiating features of Huntington's disease and various diseases comprising neuroacanthocytosis. A 40-year-old Indian man with extrapyramidal symptoms was referred for MRI. The clinical diagnosis was Huntington's disease, but there were a few atypical clinical features such as a history of biting the tongue, tics, marked hyporeflexia and lower limb muscle wasting. MR showed atrophy of the caudate nucleus and putamen with iron deposition in the basal ganglia, which can be seen in Huntington's disease and in neuroacanthocytosis. An increased blood acanthocyte level was subsequently confirmed. Further work-up revealed increased serum creatine phosphokinase levels, normal serum lipoprotein levels and depressed K cell antigen activity on serological studies, confirming the diagnosis of McLeod syndrome. McLeod syndrome is one of the distinct phenotypes of neuroacanthocytosis. Neuroacanthocytosis is a group of disorders with increased serum acanthocyte counts and neurological involvement. Various causes of neuroacanthocytosis are discussed. It is important to consider the possibility of neuroacanthocytosis when features typical of Huntington's disease are encountered on imaging.

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8

Tant, M. S., J. H. Lumsden, R. M. Jacobs, and B. N. Bonnett. "Evaluation of acanthocyte count as a diagnostic test for canine haemangiosarcoma." Comparative Clinical Pathology 12, no. 4 (April 1, 2004): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00580-003-0493-z.

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9

Peikert, Kevin, Hannes Glaß, Enrica Federti, Alessandro Matte, Lisann Pelzl, Katja Akgün, Tjalf Ziemssen, et al. "Targeting Lyn Kinase in Chorea-Acanthocytosis: A Translational Treatment Approach in a Rare Disease." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 5 (May 10, 2021): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11050392.

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Chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in the VPS13A gene. It is characterized by several neurological symptoms and the appearance of acanthocytes. Elevated tyrosine kinase Lyn activity has been recently identified as one of the key pathophysiological mechanisms in this disease, and therefore represents a promising drug target. Methods: We evaluated an individual off-label treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib (100 mg/d, 25.8–50.4 weeks) of three ChAc patients. Alongside thorough safety monitoring, we assessed motor and non-motor scales (e.g., MDS-UPDRS, UHDRS, quality of life) as well as routine and experimental laboratory parameters (e.g., serum neurofilament, Lyn kinase activity, actin cytoskeleton in red blood cells). Results: Dasatinib appeared to be reasonably safe. The clinical parameters remained stable without significant improvement or deterioration. Regain of deep tendon reflexes was observed in one patient. Creatine kinase, serum neurofilament levels, and acanthocyte count did not reveal consistent effects. However, a reduction of initially elevated Lyn kinase activity and accumulated autophagy markers, as well as a partial restoration of the actin cytoskeleton, was found in red blood cells. Conclusions: We report on the first treatment approach with disease-modifying intention in ChAc. The experimental parameters indicate target engagement in red blood cells, while clinical effects on the central nervous system could not be proven within a rather short treatment time. Limited knowledge on the natural history of ChAc and the lack of appropriate biomarkers remain major barriers for “clinical trial readiness”. We suggest a panel of outcome parameters for future clinical trials in ChAc.

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10

Sae-Ung, N., P. Srisukkho, S. Archwichaiudom, K. Sairos, Y. Jungtrakul, and S. Anutrakulchai. "Advantage of acanthocyte flag message of UriSed 3 pro automated microscopy urine analyzer." Clinica Chimica Acta 493 (June 2019): S476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.1005.

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11

De Franceschi, Lucia, Giovanni Scardoni, Carlo Tomelleri, Adrian Danek, Ruth H. Walker, Hans H. Jung, Benedikt Bader, et al. "Computational Identification of Phospho-Tyrosine Sub-Networks Related to Acanthocyte Generation in Neuroacanthocytosis." PLoS ONE 7, no. 2 (February 15, 2012): e31015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0031015.

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12

Zatta, Paolo, Maurizio Perazzolo, and Benedetto Corain. "Tris acetylacetonate aluminium(III) induces osmotic fragility and acanthocyte formation in suspended erythrocytes." Toxicology Letters 45, no. 1 (January 1989): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4274(89)90154-9.

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13

Poulet, Frederique M., Kelley Penraat, Nathaniel Collins, Ellen Evans, Evan Thackaberry, Denise Manfra, Laura Engstrom, et al. "Drug-induced Hemolytic Anemia and Thrombocytopenia Associated with Alterations of Cell Membrane Lipids and Acanthocyte Formation." Toxicologic Pathology 38, no. 6 (August 30, 2010): 907–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623310378865.

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CXCR3 is a chemokine receptor, upregulated upon activation of T cells and expressed on nearly 100% of T cells in sites of inflammation. SCH 900875 is a selective CXCR3 receptor antagonist. Thrombocytopenia and severe hemolytic anemia with acanthocytosis occurred in rats at doses of 75, 100, and 150 mg/kg/day. Massively enlarged spleens corresponded histologically to extramedullary hematopoiesis, macrophages, and hemosiderin pigment and sinus congestion. Phagocytosed erythrocytes and platelets were within splenic macrophages. IgG and/or IgM were not detected on erythrocyte and platelet membranes. Ex vivo increased osmotic fragility of RBCs was observed. Lipid analysis of the RBC membrane revealed modifications in phosphatidylcholine, overall cholesterol, and/or sphingomyelin. Platelets exhibited slender filiform processes on their plasma membranes, analogous to those of acanthocytes. The presence of similar morphological abnormalities in acanthocytes and platelets suggests that possibly similar alterations in the lipid composition of the plasma membrane have taken place in both cell types. This phenotype correlated with alterations in plasma lipids (hypercholesterolemia and low triglycerides) that occurred after SCH 900875 administration, although other factors cannot be excluded. The increased cell destruction was considered triggered by alterations in the lipid profile of the plasma membranes of erythrocytes and platelets, as reflected morphologically.

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14

Sushadi, Pangda Sopha, Syaiful Rizal, and Endah Dwi Jayanti. "Detection of potential diseases from wild rats (Maxomys bartelsii [Jentink, 1910]) using morphological evaluation of peripheral blood smears." BIO Web of Conferences 19 (2020): 00012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201900012.

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Recent studies show 60.3% of emerging infectious diseases are zoonoses and 71.8% of these number are obtained from wild animals in in-situ habitat. Therefore, high animal diversity in Indonesia is also followed by animal-borne diseases, both zoonoses or not. One of the in-situ habitats of wildlife that needs attention is the biosphere reserves. Here we conducted a research to analyze the health status of Maxomys bartelsii (Jentink, 1910) rats from biosphere reserve in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park. Rats were chosen because they are very potential for zoonoses transmission to human, such as leptospirosis, bubonic plague, and hantavirus. Peripheral blood samples were taken from 5 adult rats that were captured using live traps. Morphological evaluation of blood cells was carried out under a microscope at 1000x magnification. Our results show several erythrocyte abnormalities (hypochromasia, anisocytosis, and acanthocyte) and leukocyte abnormalities (neutrophilia, eosinophilia, and leukocytopenia) are observed in all individuals. These results indicate that most of rats suffered several pathological conditions that need to be explored.

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15

Kengkoom, Kanchana, and Sumate Ampawong. "In VitroProtective Effect of Phikud Navakot Extraction on Erythrocyte." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1961327.

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Phikud Navakot (PN), Thai herbal remedy in National List of Essential Medicines, has been claimed to reduce many cardiovascular symptoms especially dizziness and fainting. Apart from blood supply, erythrocyte morphology, in both shape and size, is one of the main consideration factors in cardiovascular diseases and may be affected by vascular oxidative stress. However, little is known about antioxidative property of PN on erythrocyte to preserve red blood cell integrity. In this study, 1,000 μM hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress was conducted on sheep erythrocyte. Three doses of PN (1, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/mL) and 10 μM of ascorbic acid were compared. The released hemoglobin absorbance was measured to demonstrate hemolysis. Electron microscopic and immunohistochemical studies were also performed to characterize dysmorphic erythrocyte and osmotic ability in relation to aquaporin- (AQP-) 1 expression, respectively. The results revealed that all doses of PN and ascorbic acid decreased the severity of dysmorphic erythrocyte, particularly echinocyte, acanthocyte, knizocyte, codocyte, clumping, and other malformations. However, the most effective was 0.5 mg/mL PN dosage. In addition, hydrostatic pressure may be increased in dysmorphic erythrocyte in association with AQP-1 upregulation. Our results demonstrated that PN composes antioxidative effect to maintain the integrity and osmotic ability on sheep erythrocyte.

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16

Redman, CM, T. Huima, E. Robbins, S. Lee, and WL Marsh. "Effect of phosphatidylserine on the shape of McLeod red cell acanthocytes." Blood 74, no. 5 (October 1, 1989): 1826–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v74.5.1826.1826.

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Abstract The rare McLeod blood group phenotype is characterized by weak Kell antigens, lack of the common Kx antigen, and acanthocytic morphology. Previous studies that did not detect membrane or cytoskeletal protein abnormalities suggested a lipid disturbance. In normal red cells, dimyristoyl phosphatidylserine (DMPS) is transported across the membrane by an enzymatic process and accumulates in the inner leaflet of the membrane bilayer causing discocyte to stomatocyte shape changes. Scanning electron microscopy of McLeod red cells shows a mixture comprised of 15% discocytes, 51% with irregular surfaces, and 34% acanthocytes. On incubation with various concentrations of DMPS at 37 degrees C for periods up to two hours, McLeod red cells transported DMPS across the membrane and caused irregularly shaped and acanthocytic McLeod red cells to attain normal discocyte shape and later to become stomatocytes. Chlorpromazine, which at 0 degrees C preferentially partitions into the inner monolayer of the membrane, had a similar effect on the shape of McLeod red cells. This suggests that in McLeod cells acanthocytosis is due to a lack of lipid in the inner leaflet of the membrane bilayer but that the imbalance is not caused by defective transport of phosphatidylserine across the membrane.

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17

Redman, CM, T. Huima, E. Robbins, S. Lee, and WL Marsh. "Effect of phosphatidylserine on the shape of McLeod red cell acanthocytes." Blood 74, no. 5 (October 1, 1989): 1826–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v74.5.1826.bloodjournal7451826.

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The rare McLeod blood group phenotype is characterized by weak Kell antigens, lack of the common Kx antigen, and acanthocytic morphology. Previous studies that did not detect membrane or cytoskeletal protein abnormalities suggested a lipid disturbance. In normal red cells, dimyristoyl phosphatidylserine (DMPS) is transported across the membrane by an enzymatic process and accumulates in the inner leaflet of the membrane bilayer causing discocyte to stomatocyte shape changes. Scanning electron microscopy of McLeod red cells shows a mixture comprised of 15% discocytes, 51% with irregular surfaces, and 34% acanthocytes. On incubation with various concentrations of DMPS at 37 degrees C for periods up to two hours, McLeod red cells transported DMPS across the membrane and caused irregularly shaped and acanthocytic McLeod red cells to attain normal discocyte shape and later to become stomatocytes. Chlorpromazine, which at 0 degrees C preferentially partitions into the inner monolayer of the membrane, had a similar effect on the shape of McLeod red cells. This suggests that in McLeod cells acanthocytosis is due to a lack of lipid in the inner leaflet of the membrane bilayer but that the imbalance is not caused by defective transport of phosphatidylserine across the membrane.

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18

De Franceschi, Lucia, Carlo Tomelleri, Alessandro Matte, Anna Maria Brunati, Petra H. Bovee-Geurts, Mariarita Bertoldi, Edwin Lasonder, et al. "Erythrocyte membrane changes of chorea-acanthocytosis are the result of altered Lyn kinase activity." Blood 118, no. 20 (November 17, 2011): 5652–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-05-355339.

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Abstract Acanthocytic RBCs are a peculiar diagnostic feature of chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc), a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder. Although recent years have witnessed some progress in the molecular characterization of ChAc, the mechanism(s) responsible for generation of acanthocytes in ChAc is largely unknown. As the membrane protein composition of ChAc RBCs is similar to that of normal RBCs, we evaluated the tyrosine (Tyr)–phosphorylation profile of RBCs using comparative proteomics. Increased Tyr phosphorylation state of several membrane proteins, including band 3, β-spectrin, and adducin, was noted in ChAc RBCs. In particular, band 3 was highly phosphorylated on the Tyr-904 residue, a functional target of Lyn, but not on Tyr-8, a functional target of Syk. In ChAc RBCs, band 3 Tyr phosphorylation by Lyn was independent of the canonical Syk-mediated pathway. The ChAc-associated alterations in RBC membrane protein organization appear to be the result of increased Tyr phosphorylation leading to altered linkage of band 3 to the junctional complexes involved in anchoring the membrane to the cytoskeleton as supported by coimmunoprecipitation of β-adducin with band 3 only in ChAc RBC-membrane treated with the Lyn-inhibitor PP2. We propose this altered association between membrane skeleton and membrane proteins as novel mechanism in the generation of acanthocytes in ChAc.

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19

Klempíř, Jiří, Jan Roth, Kateřina Zárubová, Martin Písačka, Nataša Špačková, and Louise Tilley. "The McLeod syndrome without acanthocytes." Parkinsonism & Related Disorders 14, no. 4 (May 2008): 364–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2007.07.011.

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20

Khodadad, Jena K., Ronald S. Weinstein, Laurence W. Marsh, and Theodore L. Steck. "Shape determinants of McLeod acanthocytes." Journal of Membrane Biology 107, no. 3 (March 1989): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01871936.

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21

Luo, Hong, Xuan Li, Guohong Li, Yanbo Pan, and Keqin Zhang. "Acanthocytes of Stropharia rugosoannulata Function as a Nematode-Attacking Device." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 4 (April 2006): 2982–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.4.2982-2987.2006.

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ABSTRACT Efficient killing of nematodes by Stropharia rugosoannulata Farlow ex Murrill cultures was observed. This fungus showed the ability to immobilize the free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus Goodey within minutes and to immobilize the pine wilt nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer) Nickle within hours on agar plates. Moreover, P. redivivus worms were completely degraded by the fungus within 24 to 48 h. The cultures of S. rugosoannulata studied shared the characteristic of abundantly producing cells with finger-like projections called acanthocytes. We showed that the nematode-attacking activity of this fungus is carried out by these spiny acanthocytes and that mechanical force is an important factor in the process. Furthermore, the growth and nematode-attacking activity of the fungus in soil were also determined, and our results suggest that acanthocytes are functional in soil.

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22

Saibara, Toshiji. "Spur cells and acanthocytes in liver diseases." Hepatology Research 37, no. 6 (June 2007): 402–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1872-034x.2007.00110.x.

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23

Cortez, V. G., and R. M. B. Silveira. "A new species of Stropharia with hymenial acanthocytes." Mycologia 99, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3852/mycologia.99.1.135.

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24

Cortez, Vagner G., and Rosa M. B. Silveira. "A new species of Stropharia with hymenial acanthocytes." Mycologia 99, no. 1 (January 2007): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15572536.2007.11832609.

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25

Barcat, D., F. Lamouliatte, F. Doerman, J. Constans, and C. Conri. "Acanthocytes (spur cell), anémie hémolytique et cirrhose hépatique." La Revue de Médecine Interne 23 (December 2002): 690s—691s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0248-8663(02)80674-9.

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26

Barcat, D., A. Bérard, J. Constans, and C. Conri. "Anomalies des lipoprotéines au cours d'une anémieavec acanthocytes." La Revue de Médecine Interne 24 (December 2003): 472s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0248-8663(03)80576-3.

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27

Mahlaoui, Nizar, Marie-Dominique Dumont, Thierry Peyrard, Stephane Blanche, and Alain Fischer. "Chronic Granulomatous Disease and Mcleod Syndrome: Single Center Report of Four Cases." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 3595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.3595.3595.

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Abstract Abstract 3595 Poster Board III-532 Background Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) is an inherited disease affecting innate immunity and leading to increased susceptibility to severe invasive fungal and bacterial infections. The X linked form of CGD is the most frequent and is caused by mutations in the gp91phox subunit of the NADPH oxidase complex encoding gene CYBB. McLeod syndrome patients present with late-onset neuromuscular troubles and a mild chronic haemolytic anaemia with acanthocytes. It is defined by the lack of expression of Kell antigens on erythrocytes and caused by mutations in the KX gene located close to the CYBB gene. The association of CGD and McLeod syndrome is a rare event. It can also be associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), retinitis pigmentosa or ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency. Patients : Four CGD patients patients were recently diagnosed with McLeod syndrome in Necker Hospital on a 2 year period of time. Their clinical and main biological characteristics are reviewed and a review of recent litterature Observations: In 1 patient, McLeod was evoked because of association of Duchenne myopathy and CGD revealed at 10 months with major hypotonia and recurrent infections. Initially, no acanthocytes were seen but Kell antigens testings led to confirmation of McLeod. Three other infants were diagnosed with CGD because of lung infections. One had lung biopsies revealing Nocardia sp. infection and received packed blood red cells. Four months after, an allo immunisation against red cells and a weakened Kell antigen expression led to McLeod diagnosis. For other patients, diagnosis was evoked because of anaemia and acanthocytes on blood smear analysis. All had confirmed by CYBB mutations with complete deletion. None had muscle weakness or retinal abnormality. For 2 infants, iron therapy and erythropoietin led to the correction of anemia. Conclusion Management and evaluation of X-linked CGD patients should require the search of McLeod syndrome. Biological diagnosis is sometimes uneasy, especially because acanthocytes are sometimes hard to identify on blood smears. Kell antigen reactivity screening could be easy to perform. When McLeod syndrome is diagnosed, patients are included in the French national registry for rare erythrocyte phenotype to receive appropriate transfusion management. Erythropoietin therapy could be useful in preventing chronic anemia. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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28

Malandrini, A., G. M. Fabrizi, S. Palmeri, G. Ciacci, C. Salvadori, G. Berti, A. Bucalossi, A. Federico, and G. C. Gnazzi. "Choreo-acanthocytosis like phenotype without acanthocytes: clinicopathological case report." Acta Neuropathologica 86, no. 6 (November 1993): 651–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00294306.

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29

Kraus, Daniel, Hans Köhler, and Julia Weinmann-Menke. "Urine, doctors, and the acanthocyte’s 30th birthday." Kidney International 101, no. 2 (February 2022): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2021.11.007.

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30

Ohsaka, Akimichi, Yoshihito Yawata, Yasuhiro Enomoto, Atsushi Takahashi, Yuko Sato, Shinobu Sakamoto, and Yasusada Miura. "ABNORMAL CALCIUM TRANSPORT OF ACANTHOCYTES IN ACUTE MYELODYSPLASIA WITH MYELOFIBROSIS." British Journal of Haematology 73, no. 4 (December 1989): 568–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2141.1989.tb00301.x.

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31

Sorrentino, Giuseppe, Amalia De Renzo, Stefania Miniello, Ornella Nori, and Vincenzo Bonavita. "Late appearance of acanthocytes during the course of chorea-acanthocytosis." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 163, no. 2 (March 1999): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-510x(99)00005-2.

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32

LIU, HONG, NING MAO, LI FAN, and SHANG GUO. "Stropharia populicola (Strophariaceae, Agaricales), a new species from China." Phytotaxa 518, no. 4 (September 9, 2021): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.518.4.2.

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Stropharia populicola sp. nov., found during autumn under Populus spp. in Shanxi Province of North China, is described and illustrated. Stropharia populicola is similar and closely related to S. jilinensis and S. scabella but can be distinguished from the latter two species by the acanthocytes commonly present in the hymenium. Phylogenetic analysis supports its taxonomic position in the genus Stropharia.

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Martínez-Martínez, M. U., L. M. de G. Llamazares-Azuara, D. Martínez-Galla, P. B. Mandeville, F. Valadez-Castillo, S. Román-Acosta, J. A. Borjas-García, and C. Abud-Mendoza. "Urinary sediment suggests lupus nephritis histology." Lupus 26, no. 6 (September 29, 2016): 580–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203316669241.

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Objectives The objective of this paper was to evaluate correlations between kidney biopsy indexes (activity and chronicity) and urinary sediment findings; the secondary objective was to find which components of urinary sediment can discriminate proliferative from other classes of lupus nephritis. Methods Lupus nephritis patients scheduled for a kidney biopsy were included in our study. The morning before the kidney biopsy, we took urine samples from each patient. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to determine the area under the curve (AUC) of each test for detecting proliferative lupus nephritis; a classification tree was calculated to select a set of values that best-predicted lupus nephritis classes. Results We included 51 patients, 36 of whom were women (70.6%). Correlations of lupus nephritis activity index with the counts in the urinary sediment of erythrocytes (isomorphic and dysmorphic), acanthocytes, and leukocytes were 0.65 ( p < 0.0001) 0.62 ( p < 0.0001) and 0.22 ( p = 0.1228), respectively. Correlations of lupus nephritis chronicity index with the counts of erythrocytes, acanthocytes, and leukocytes were 0.60 ( p ≤ 0.0001), 0.52 ( p = 0.0001) and 0.17 ( p = 0.2300), respectively. Our classification tree had an accuracy of 84.3%. Conclusions Evaluation of urine sediment reflects lupus nephritis histology.

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VIZZINI, ALFREDO, CLAUDIO ANGELINI, JEAN-LOUIS CHEYPE, ELISEO BATTISTIN, and ENRICO ERCOLE. "Stropharia acanthostipitata (Agaricales, Strophariaceae), a new species from Tropical America." Phytotaxa 324, no. 2 (October 10, 2017): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.324.2.4.

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A new species, Stropharia acanthostipitata, is here described from the Dominican Republic and French Guiana based on morphological and molecular ITS/LSU analyses. It is distinguished by a dry, smooth and hygrophanous pileus with minute and fugacious velar remnants at the pileus margin, exannulate stipe, brown lamellae, presence of chrysocystidia on both edge and face of lamellae, and the occurrence of acanthocytes all over the stipe surface.

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Kimmel, Martin, Dagmar Biegger, and Mark Alscher. "Urinuntersuchung – Schritt für Schritt." DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 113, no. 13 (July 2018): 965–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-123436.

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AbstractThe examination of the urine is the oldest and a very basic technique for every nephrologist. It helps to detect, diagnose and classify diseases of the kidneys and the urinary tract. Proteinuria is an important sign of kidney disease and an own factor in the pathophysiology of renal progression. Acanthocytes in the urine (> 5 %) have a high specifity (98 – 100 %) for diagnosing a glomerular hematuria.

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Beaulieu, Gregory P., Dawn C. Ward, Sandhya R. Panch, and Willy A. Flegel. "Acanthocytes in the McLeod phenotype of X‐linked chronic granulomatous disease." Transfusion 57, no. 10 (September 25, 2017): 2307–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/trf.14119.

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Goodall, H. B., A. H. Reid, D. J. Findlay, C. Hind, J. Kay, and G. Coghill. "Irregular Distortion of The Erythrocytes (Acanthocytes, Spur Cells) in Senile Dementia." Disease Markers 12, no. 1 (1994): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1994/493810.

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An excess of irregularly di storted red cells with spiked forms (acanthocytes. spur cells) has been found in a substantial minority of patient s with seni le dementia of Alzheimer type (7 of 50 patients, 3 of 21 men and 4 of 29 women). Of 100 control patients, 42 men and 58 women), 5 (men and 2 women) showed comparable distortion, but, of these, one man may well have incipient dementia and the others had serious organic di seases which may be associated with comparable erythrocytic changes. The cause of the distortion is not yet clear, but the presence of occasional giant erythrocytes in the absence of general macrocytosis suggests a possible abnormality of cell membrane synthes is. This distortion may be a useful marker in patients with loss of memory. Whether it is a manifestation of a haemopoietic clone or a constitutional anomaly associated with Alzheimer’s disease remains to be seen.

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Zagidullina, K. L., and N. A. Popova. "Acute debut of neuroacanthocytosis in clinical practice." Kazan medical journal 97, no. 6 (December 15, 2016): 971–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2016-971.

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Neuroacanthocytosis is a rare autosomal dominant disease, which in its clinical manifestation is characterized by choreiform hyperkinesis, mental and cognitive disorders, signs of polyneuropathy and cardiomyopathy, and the basis of the disease is presence of modified erythrocytes (acanthocytes) in peripheral blood. The disease is characterized by autosomal dominant type of inheritance (the gene was mapped on chromosome 9q21), sporadic cases are possible. Description of a clinical case of a 63-year old patient with neuroacanthocytosis delivered by an ambulance with a preliminary diagnosis of stroke is provided. The patient complained of severe general fatigue, whole body shivering, and involuntary compulsive uncontrollable movements in the limbs, body, and face. The patient noted changes in her voice, probably due to compulsive movements of her tongue, lightheadedness, and shaky walk. Almost all physical and laboratory findings were within normal. Taking into account acuteness of the disease, its attack at the time of hypertensive emergency and patient’s age, circular cause was suggested, computed tomography of the brain and magnetic resonance imaging were performed. The results of neuroimaging ruled out the pathology of cerebral circulation. Ultrasound of neck vessels revealed nothing abnormal. Purposeful repeated blood analysis revealed that 85% of erythrocytes were acanthocytes and after that the correct diagnosis was made. The peculiarities of this clinical case are acute manifestation of symptoms and relatively late debut of the disease.

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Na, Qin, and Tolgor Bau. "Recognition of Mycena sect. Amparoina sect. nov. (Mycenaceae, Agaricales), including four new species and revision of the limits of sect. Sacchariferae." MycoKeys 52 (May 16, 2019): 103–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.52.34647.

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Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed that Mycena stirps Amparoina, which is traditionally classified in sect. Sacchariferae, should be treated at section level. Section Amparoina is characterised by the presence or absence of cherocytes, the presence of acanthocysts and spinulose caulocystidia. Eight species referred to Mycenasect.Amparoinasect. nov. are recognised in China. Of these taxa, four new species classified in the new section are formally described: M.bicystidiatasp. nov., M.griseotinctasp. nov., M.hygrophoroidessp. nov. and M.miscanthisp. nov. The new species are characterised by the absence of both cherocytes and a basal disc, along with the presence of acanthocysts on the pileus, spinulose cheilocystidia and caulocystidia. Descriptions of the new species, accompanied by illustrations of morphological characters and comparisons with closely related taxa, are provided. A multi-locus analysis utilising the ITS + nLSU + SSU regions was carried out using maximum likelihood and Bayesian Inference. A key to the 12 species of sect. Amparoinasect. nov. and sect. Sacchariferae that are found in China is provided.

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TIAN, ENJING, CHONGHUA GAO, XIAOMEI XIE, and YUAN ZHENG. "Stropharia lignicola (Strophariaceae, Agaricales), a new species with acanthocytes in the hymenium from China." Phytotaxa 505, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 286–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.505.3.4.

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A new mushroom species from Hunnan province in China, Stropharia lignicola, is described. S. lignicola is distinguished from other species of Stropharia by its greyish yellow pileus, white stipe with recurved yellowish squamules, presence of acanthocytes in the hymenium, and association with decaying fallen wood or stumps of a hardwood species, Tilia sp. The phylogenetic analyses were based on ITS and 28S. An illustrated description of S. lignicola is provided along with a key to the Stropharia species found in China.

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Heine, G. H., U. Sester, M. Girndt, and H. Kohler. "Acanthocytes in the Urine: Useful tool to differentiate diabetic nephropathy from glomerulonephritis?" Diabetes Care 27, no. 1 (December 23, 2003): 190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.1.190.

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Adjobo-Hermans, Merel J. W., Judith C. A. Cluitmans, and Giel J. C. G. M. Bosman. "Neuroacanthocytosis: Observations, Theories and Perspectives on the Origin and Significance of Acanthocytes." Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements 5 (August 25, 2015): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/tohm.271.

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Pageot, N., C. Vial, C. Remy, G. Chazot, and E. Broussolle. "Progressive chorea and amyotrophy without acanthocytes: a new case of Fotopoulos syndrome?" Journal of Neurology 247, no. 5 (May 2000): 392–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050610.

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Silva, Roberto Aguilar Machado Santos, Heitor Miragaia Herrera, Luzimari Borges da Silveira Domingos, Flora Auxiliadora Ximenes, and Alberto Martin Rivera Dávila. "Pathogenesis of Trypanosoma evansi infection in dogs and horses: hematological and clinical aspects." Ciência Rural 25, no. 2 (1995): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84781995000200010.

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Trypanosoma evansi caused severe anemia in horses and pronounced leukopenia in dogs, both naturally infected. The horses presented microcytic normochromic anemia and the dogs showed microcytic hypochromic anemia. The clinical signs observed were fever, anemia, edema of the legs and lower parts, weakness and inappetence. Light microscopic studies demonstrated that Trypanosoma evansi produced several alterations in erythrocytes of dogs and horses. These pathologic changes included vacuolation, acanthocytes, dacrocytes, codocytes, microspherocytes and bizarre shapes. Mature erythrocyte were observed adhered to trypanosomes. Erythrophagocytosis was also demonstred.

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Kawami, Hisae, Mitsunori Iwataki, and Kazumi Matsuoka. "A new diplopsalid species Oblea acanthocysta sp. nov. (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)." Plankton and Benthos Research 1, no. 4 (2006): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3800/pbr.1.183.

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Zaera, Sofía, Noa Villar-Mallo, Marta González Vilanova, María Carmen Díaz Lozano, Juan J. Garrido-Sánchez, and Lola Máiz Suárez. "About the correct definition of acanthocytes for their use as markers of glomerular haematuria." Revista del Laboratorio Clínico 12, no. 3 (July 2019): 155–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.labcli.2019.02.004.

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Santiago, J. O. Flores, and J. Velez. "Development of a computational modeling tool for automated detection of urinary casts and acanthocytes." American Journal of the Medical Sciences 365 (February 2023): S413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00759-0.

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Hymes, Kenneth B., and Chan Huynh. "Intravascular Hemolytic Anemia with Acanthocytosis Following Alternative Treatment with Ozone, UV Light, and Perflurocarbon." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 5388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.5388.5388.

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Abstract Alternative medicine has become more common as patients seek approaches to diseases where traditional medicine has failed. Treatment with ozone has been purported to have benefits for a variety of infectious, inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. Treatment can be administered by the intra arterial, intravenous, intra rectal and subcutaneous routes as well as ozonated autohaemotherapy. We describe a 44 year old woman who received treatment at an alternative medical center for recurrent breast cancer including laetrile, perflurocarbon emulsion, high dose ascorbic acid, vitamin K and extracorporeal treatment of her blood with ozone and ultraviolet light. After receiving her second treatment, she presented to our hospital with a syncopal episode and was found to be anemic (Hb 4 gm/dl). The LDH was 8X> ULN, the serum haptoglobin was undetectable, and the reticulocyte count was increased. The peripheral blood smear showed aniscocytosis, poikilocytosis and polychromasia. There was also severe acanthocytosis. Heinz bodies were not detected. The patient refused blood products and after 48h of hospitalization, her Hb rose to 7gm and she was discharged. She did not return for follow-up evaluation. Acanthocytosis has been associated with impairment of cholesterol membrane fluidity seen with acquired hepatic disease as well as some congenital diseases. Oxidative stress can lead to peroxidation of membrane phospholipids, and if the intrinsic repair mechanism of the RBC is overwhelmed, the RBCs transform into acanthocytes. To date, there has been no literature describing hemolysis associated with any of the individual treatments which this patient received; however the combination of treatments exposed the RBC’s to multiple oxidative stresses which might lead to lipid peroxidation and formation of acanthocytes. This case illustrates the potential problems that face clinicians when encountering patients who seek alternative therapy.

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Akuzawa, M., M. Matumoto, K. Okamoto, F. Nakashima, M. Shinozaki та M. Morizono. "Hematological, Osmotic, and Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Erythrocytes of Dogs Given β-acetylphenylhydrazine". Veterinary Pathology 26, № 1 (січень 1989): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098588902600111.

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Hematologic examinations, osmotic fragility tests, and scanning electron microscopy of erythrocytes were done on blood of dogs given 5 mg/kg of β-acetylphenylhydrazine for 5 weeks. Reticulocytes, Heinz bodies, and serum total bilirubin values increased in the 1st week. Reticulocyte numbers peaked in the 2nd week, and reticulocytosis persisted through the 5th week. Erythrocyte, packed cell volume, and hemoglobin values decreased markedly and became lowest in the 2nd week. Mean corpuscular volume increased in the 1st week and remained increased for the duration of treatment. Erythrocyte osmotic fragility was increased after 1 week of treatment. Echinocytes were increased with a peak level of 47.6% at week 1 of treatment. Increased numbers of acanthocytes and schizocytes also were detected.

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Zouhar, M., O. Douda, J. Nováková, E. Doudová, J. Mazáková, J. Wenzlová, P. Ryšánek, and M. Renčo. "First report about the trapping activity of Stropharia rugosoannulata acanthocytes for Northern Root Knot Nematode." Helminthologia 50, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11687-013-0120-8.

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AbstractThis study summarises the results of in vitro screening of the nematophagous activity of Stropharia rugosoannulata and Arthrobotrys oligospora. The tests were conducted with Meloidogyne hapla plant parasitic nematode juveniles placed into Petri dishes containing cultures of the tested fungal species. Immobilisation of the nematodes was observed after 4 and 24 hours. Both species of fungi showed nematophagous activity, however it was much stronger and faster in the case of S. rugosoannulata.

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