Статті в журналах: "Aboriginal nutrition"

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Browne, Jennifer, Karen Adams, Petah Atkinson, Deborah Gleeson, and Rick Hayes. "Food and nutrition programs for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians: an overview of systematic reviews." Australian Health Review 42, no. 6 (2018): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah17082.

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Objective To provide an overview of previous reviews of programs that aimed to improve nutritional status or diet-related health outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, in order to determine what programs are effective and why. Methods A systematic search of databases and relevant websites was undertaken to identify reviews of nutrition interventions for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. Pairs of reviewers undertook study selection and data extraction and performed quality assessment using a validated tool. Results Twelve papers reporting 11 reviews were identified. Two reviews were rated high quality, three were rated medium and six were rated low quality. The reviews demonstrated that a positive effect on nutrition and chronic disease indicators can be a result of: 1) incorporating nutrition and breastfeeding advice into maternal and child health care services; and 2) multifaceted community nutrition programs. The evidence suggests that the most important factor determining the success of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander food and nutrition programs is community involvement in (and, ideally, control of) program development and implementation. Conclusions Community-directed food and nutrition programs, especially those with multiple components that address the underlying causes of nutrition issues, can be effective in improving nutrition-related outcomes. What is known about the topic? More effective action is urgently required in order to reduce the unacceptable health inequalities between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and non-Indigenous Australians. Food insecurity and nutrition-related chronic conditions are responsible for a large proportion of the ill health experienced by Australia’s First Peoples. What does this paper add? This narrative overview of 11 reviews published between 2005 and 2015 provides a synthesis of the current evidence for improving Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander nutrition across the lifespan. The findings suggest that community-based and community-controlled programs, especially those with multiple components that address the underlying causes of nutrition issues, have the greatest potential to improve nutrition-related health outcomes. What are the implications for practitioners? Food and nutrition programs that are initiated and designed by local Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are most likely to be effective. Nutrition and breastfeeding education and advice should be consistently incorporated into maternal and child healthcare services. Nutrition issues should be addressed through multifaceted approaches that address improving individual knowledge and skills, as well as strategies that increase access to nutritious food and provide a healthy food environment.

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Helson, Catherine, Ruth Walker, Claire Palermo, Kim Rounsefell, Yudit Aron, Catherine MacDonald, Petah Atkinson, and Jennifer Browne. "Is Aboriginal nutrition a priority for local government? A policy analysis." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 16 (August 14, 2017): 3019–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017001902.

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AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to explore how Australian local governments prioritise the health and well-being of Aboriginal populations and the extent to which nutrition is addressed by local government health policy.DesignIn the state of Victoria, Australia, all seventy-nine local governments’ public health policy documents were retrieved. Inclusion of Aboriginal health and nutrition in policy documents was analysed using quantitative content analysis. Representation of Aboriginal nutrition ‘problems’ and ‘solutions’ was examined using qualitative framing analysis. The socio-ecological framework was used to classify the types of Aboriginal nutrition issues and strategies within policy documents.SettingVictoria, Australia.SubjectsLocal governments’ public health policy documents (n79).ResultsA small proportion (14 %,n11) of local governments addressed Aboriginal health and well-being in terms of nutrition. Where strategies aimed at nutrition existed, they mostly focused on individual factors rather than the broader macroenvironment.ConclusionsA limited number of Victorian local governments address nutrition as a health issue for their Aboriginal populations in policy documents. Nutrition needs to be addressed as a community and social responsibility rather than merely an individual ‘behaviour’. Partnerships are required to ensure Aboriginal people lead government policy development.

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Kuralneethi, Silambarasi, Sharifah Intan Zainun Sharif Ishak, and Vaidehi Ulaganathan. "Association between dietary quality and growth of the aboriginal primary school children in Negeri Sembilan." British Food Journal 124, no. 5 (October 6, 2021): 1712–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-04-2021-0350.

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PurposeThis study aims to determine the association between dietary quality and growth of the aboriginal primary school children in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe cross-sectional study was carried out in Negeri Sembilan. A total of 194 school-aged aboriginal children participated in the study. The dietary intake and socioeconomic status data were collected from the parents using an interviewer-administrated structured questionnaire comprised of sociodemographic questions and three days of dietary recall. The Malaysian Healthy Eating Index was used to determine the diet quality of children. WHO Anthro Plus software was used to determine the z-score of weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ) and body mass index (BMI)-for-age (BAZ).FindingsAmong all children, 15, 9 and 5% of them were stunted, underweight and thin, respectively. On the other hand, 16 and 12% of the children were overweight and obese, respectively. The aboriginal children were at risk of poor diet quality (37.19 ± 12.07) and had high dietary protein and fat intake than national recommended nutrient intake. The children achieved micronutrients intake, except for calcium. There was no significant association between total diet quality scores with growth indices among the aboriginal children. There is significant negative correlation between dietary vitamin A intake with HAZ (r = −0.168, p < 0.05) and WAZ (r = −0.219, p < 0.05) z-score of the aboriginal children.Originality/valueAlthough there was a reduction in under-nutrition among the aborigines, an increasing over-nutrition status among aborigines should be considered, especially in terms of poor dietary quality and intake.

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Kuralneethi, Silambarasi, Sharifah Intan Zainun Sharif Ishak, and Vaidehi Ulaganathan. "Association between dietary quality and growth of the aboriginal primary school children in Negeri Sembilan." British Food Journal 124, no. 5 (October 6, 2021): 1712–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-04-2021-0350.

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PurposeThis study aims to determine the association between dietary quality and growth of the aboriginal primary school children in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe cross-sectional study was carried out in Negeri Sembilan. A total of 194 school-aged aboriginal children participated in the study. The dietary intake and socioeconomic status data were collected from the parents using an interviewer-administrated structured questionnaire comprised of sociodemographic questions and three days of dietary recall. The Malaysian Healthy Eating Index was used to determine the diet quality of children. WHO Anthro Plus software was used to determine the z-score of weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ) and body mass index (BMI)-for-age (BAZ).FindingsAmong all children, 15, 9 and 5% of them were stunted, underweight and thin, respectively. On the other hand, 16 and 12% of the children were overweight and obese, respectively. The aboriginal children were at risk of poor diet quality (37.19 ± 12.07) and had high dietary protein and fat intake than national recommended nutrient intake. The children achieved micronutrients intake, except for calcium. There was no significant association between total diet quality scores with growth indices among the aboriginal children. There is significant negative correlation between dietary vitamin A intake with HAZ (r = −0.168, p < 0.05) and WAZ (r = −0.219, p < 0.05) z-score of the aboriginal children.Originality/valueAlthough there was a reduction in under-nutrition among the aborigines, an increasing over-nutrition status among aborigines should be considered, especially in terms of poor dietary quality and intake.

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Browne, Jennifer, Deborah Gleeson, Karen Adams, Deanne Minniecon, and Rick Hayes. "Strengthening Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health policy: lessons from a case study of food and nutrition." Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 15 (May 22, 2019): 2868–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019001198.

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AbstractObjective:To examine key factors influencing the prioritisation of food and nutrition in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health policy during 1996–2015.Design:A qualitative policy analysis case study was undertaken, combining document analysis with thematic analysis of key informant interviews.Setting:Australia.Participants:Key actors involved in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health policy between 1996 and 2015 (n 38).Results:Prioritisation of food and nutrition in policy reduced over time. Several factors which may have impeded the prioritisation of nutrition were identified. These included lack of cohesion among the community of nutritionists, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leaders and civil society actors advocating for nutrition; the absence of an institutional home for nutrition policy; and lack of consensus and a compelling policy narrative about how priority nutrition issues should be addressed. Political factors including ideology, dismantling of public health nutrition governance structures and missing the opportunities presented by ‘policy windows’ were also viewed as barriers to nutrition policy change. Finally, the complexity and multifaceted nature of nutrition as a policy problem and perceived lack of evidence-based solutions may also have constrained its prioritisation in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health policy.Conclusions:Future advocacy should focus on embedding nutrition within holistic approaches to health and building a collective voice through advocacy coalitions with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leadership. Strategic communication and seizing political opportunities may be as important as evidence for raising the priority of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health issues.

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Porykali, Bobby, Alyse Davies, Cassandra Brooks, Hannah Melville, Margaret Allman-Farinelli, and Julieann Coombes. "Effects of Nutritional Interventions on Cardiovascular Disease Health Outcomes in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians: A Scoping Review." Nutrients 13, no. 11 (November 15, 2021): 4084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13114084.

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Nutrition interventions can support Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to reduce their risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review examines nutritional interventions aiming to improve CVD outcomes and appraises peer-reviewed interventions using an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Quality Appraisal Tool. Five electronic databases and grey literature were searched, applying no time limit. Two reviewers completed the screening, data extraction and quality assessment independently. The study quality was assessed using the South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and the Centre of Research Excellence in Aboriginal Chronic Disease Knowledge Translation and Exchange Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Quality Appraisal Tool (QAT). Twenty-one nutrition programs were included in this review. Twelve reported on anthropometric measurements, ten on biochemical and/or hematological measurements and sixteen on other outcome domains. Most programs reported improvements in measurable CVD risk factors, including reduced body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), weight, blood pressure and improved lipid profiles. Most programs performed well at community engagement and capacity strengthening, but many lacked the inclusion of Indigenous research paradigms, governance and strengths-based approaches. This review highlights the need for contemporary nutrition programs aimed at improving cardiovascular health outcomes to include additional key cultural components.

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Chong, Su, Geeta Appannah, and Norhasmah Sulaiman. "Predictors of Diet Quality as Measured by Malaysian Healthy Eating Index among Aboriginal Women (Mah Meri) in Malaysia." Nutrients 11, no. 1 (January 10, 2019): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11010135.

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Socioeconomic status and nutrition knowledge are the determining factors of food choices. However, their relationship with diet quality is ambiguous among aboriginal women in Malaysia. Henceforth, the objective of this study was to examine diet quality and its predictors among the aboriginal women from the Mah Meri ethnic group in Malaysia. Data on socioeconomic characteristics, nutrition knowledge, and 24-h dietary recalls were obtained through face-to-face interviews with the respondents. Household food insecurity was assessed using Radimer/Cornell Hunger and Food Insecurity Instrument. The Malaysian Healthy Eating Index (HEI) was used to measure the diet quality of this population. The overall diet quality of the respondents was poor, with a mean Malaysian HEI score of 45.3%. Household income (r = 0.242, p < 0.001) and nutrition knowledge (r = 0.150, p < 0.05) were positively correlated with diet quality. More importantly, the predictors of diet quality were marital status (β = 0.181, p < 0.01), household income (β = 0.237, p < 0.001), food security status (β = −0.151, p < 0.01), and fat intake (β = −0.438, p < 0.001). Women being married and those with higher household income was associated with a better diet quality among Malaysian aborigines.

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GRACEY, M. "Nutrition of Australian Aboriginal infants and children." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 27, no. 5 (October 1991): 259–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.1991.tb02536.x.

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Shannon, Cindy. "Acculturation: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander nutrition." Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 11 (December 2002): S576—S578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0964-7058.2002.00352.x.

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Barnes, A. "Online nutrition education in an Aboriginal community." Topics in Clinical Nutrition 14, no. 4 (September 1999): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008486-199909000-00015.

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Atkinson-Briggs, Sharon, Alicia Jenkins, Christopher Ryan, and Laima Brazionis. "Prevalence of Health-Risk Behaviours Among Indigenous Australians With Diabetes: A Review." Journal of the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet 3, no. 4 (2022): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14221/aihjournal.v3n4.6.

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Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians are at high risk of Type 2 diabetes and its complications. Optimal lifestyle choices can improve health outcomes. A thematic review of original research publications related to smoking, nutrition, alcohol intake, physical activity and emotional wellness in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians with diabetes was performed. Overall, 7118 English-language publications were identified by search engines (PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Medline-Web of Science, and Google Scholar) with search terms Indigenous Australians OR Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders AND diabetes AND lifestyle OR smoking OR nutrition OR alcohol OR physical activity OR emotional wellbeing and their common synonyms. After review of abstracts and publication reference lists, 36 articles met inclusion criteria and were reviewed. In general, the self-reported health-related behaviours of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australian adults with diabetes, which is predominantly Type 2 diabetes, was suboptimal. An important clinical challenge in diabetes care is to sustainably reduce smoking, improve nutrition (including alcohol use), increase physical activity, reduce sedentary time, and improve emotional wellbeing, which should lead to reduced rates of diabetes complications. Regular assessments and multi-stakeholder input, including individuals, communities, clinical, health policy, societal and government inputs and partnerships, are desirable to facilitate closing the gap in health between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Indigenous Australians.

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McDermott, Robyn, Sandra Campbell, Ming Li, and Brad McCulloch. "The health and nutrition of young indigenous women in north Queensland – intergenerational implications of poor food quality, obesity, diabetes, tobacco smoking and alcohol use." Public Health Nutrition 12, no. 11 (June 11, 2009): 2143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980009005783.

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AbstractObjectiveTo document nutritional status and health behaviours of young indigenous women of childbearing age in rural communities in north Queensland.DesignCross-sectional survey of 424 Aboriginal and 232 Torres Strait Islander (TSI) women aged 15–34 years, conducted in twenty-three rural and remote communities of far north Queensland in 1999–2000, with follow-up of a smaller cohort (n132) in 2006–2007.Main outcome measuresWeight, waist circumference, intake of fruit and vegetables, smoking, alcohol intake, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, γ-glutamyltransferase, red cell folate (RCF), interval weight and waist gain and incidence of diabetes.ResultsForty-one per cent of Aboriginal and 69 % of TSI had central obesity, 62 % were smokers, 71 % drank alcohol regularly and of those, 60 % did so at harmful levels. One third of Aboriginal and 16 % of TSI women had very low RCF levels. In the group followed up, there was a mean annual waist gain of 1·6 cm in Aboriginal women and 1·2 cm in TSI, 0·5 kg/m2in BMI and 1·5 kg in weight. Incidence of new type 2 diabetes mellitus in this cohort was 29·1 per 1000 person-years (py) (95 % CI 14·0, 52·8) in Aboriginal women and 13·9 per 1000 py (95 % CI 5·6, 28·5) among TSI.ConclusionsHigh prevalence and incidence of central obesity and diabetes, poor nutrition, high rates of alcohol use and tobacco smoking together with young maternal age, provide a poor intra-uterine environment for many indigenous Australian babies, and contribute to high perinatal morbidity and future disability. Community level interventions to improve pre-pregnancy nutrition and health behaviours in young women are urgent.

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Moffatt, Michael E. K. "Current status of nutritional deficiencies in Canadian Aboriginal people." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 73, no. 6 (June 1, 1995): 754–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y95-100.

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Since the Nutrition Canada Survey (1973) there has been clear evidence that Aboriginal people have low intakes of many nutrients such as iron, vitamin D, calcium, folate, vitamin A, and fluoride. Recent surveys suggest that the situation has not changed. Children are most likely to be affected clinically. More than half of Aboriginal children in some subpopulations in Manitoba suffer a period of iron deficiency, which may affect development. Nutritional rickets is still a common problem in Manitoba. We have seen cases of megaloblastic anemia due to folate deficiency. The relationship of the well-described low folate intake in pregnancy and birth defects has received no attention for the Aboriginal population. In a recent survey of Inuit children, dental caries of the primary teeth were present in over 70% of children, with a mean DMF (decayed, missing, and filled) index of 1.8 teeth in children under 2 and 9.5 in children 6 to 8 years. Although clinical vitamin A deficiency is not seen, there is now good evidence that subclinical deficiency increases susceptibility to infections. Although not all Aboriginal populations suffer all of these deficiencies, the problems are sufficiently widespread to suggest this is an urgent problem. It will not be solved simply by education. There must be a political will and a coordinated effort to make a balanced diet available to all at an affordable cost.Key words: North American Indian, nutrition, iron deficiency, rickets.

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Zeunert, Sally, Nadia Cerro, Lorinda Boesch, Marcelle Duff, Mark D. Shephard, Kenneth F. Jureidini, and Janice Braun. "Nutrition project in a remote Australian aboriginal community." Journal of Renal Nutrition 12, no. 2 (April 2002): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1051-2276(02)90000-2.

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Murray, Margaret, Emily Bonnell, Sharon Thorpe, Jennifer Browne, Liza Barbour, Catherine MacDonald, and Claire Palermo. "Sharing the tracks to good tucker: identifying the benefits and challenges of implementing community food programs for Aboriginal communities in Victoria." Australian Journal of Primary Health 20, no. 4 (2014): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py14038.

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Food insecurity is a significant issue in the Victorian Aboriginal population, contributing to the health disparity and reduced life expectancy. Community food programs are a strategy used to minimise individual level food insecurity, with little evidence regarding their effectiveness for Aboriginal populations. The aim of this study was to explore the role of community food programs operating for Aboriginal people in Victoria and their perceived influence on food access and nutrition. Semistructured interviews were conducted with staff (n = 23) from a purposive sample of 18 community food programs across Victoria. Interviews explored the programs’ operation, key benefits to the community, challenges and recommendations for setting up a successful community food program. Results were analysed using a qualitative thematic approach and revealed three main themes regarding key factors for the success of community food programs: (1) community food programs for Aboriginal people should support access to safe, affordable, nutritious food in a socially and culturally acceptable environment; (2) a community development approach is essential for program sustainability; and (3) there is a need to build the capacity of community food programs as part of a strategy to ensure sustainability. Community food programs may be an effective initiative for reducing food insecurity in the Victorian Aboriginal population.

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Nilson, Caroline, Karrie-Anne Kearing-Salmon, Paul Morrison, and Catherine Fetherston. "An ethnographic action research study to investigate the experiences of Bindjareb women participating in the cooking and nutrition component of an Aboriginal health promotion programme in regional Western Australia." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 18 (April 22, 2015): 3394–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015000816.

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AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the experiences of women participating in a cooking and nutrition component of a health promotion research initiative in an Australian Aboriginal regional community.DesignWeekly facilitated cooking and nutrition classes were conducted during school terms over 12 months. An ethnographic action research study was conducted for the programme duration with data gathered by participant and direct observation, four yarning groups and six individual yarning sessions. The aim was to determine the ways the cooking and nutrition component facilitated lifestyle change, enabled engagement, encouraged community ownership and influenced community action.SettingRegional Bindjareb community in the Nyungar nation of Western Australia.SubjectsA sample of seventeen Aboriginal women aged between 18 and 60 years from the two kinships in two towns in one shire took part in the study. The recruitment and consent process was managed by community Elders and leaders.ResultsMajor themes emerged highlighting the development of participants and their recognition of the need for change: the impact of history on current nutritional health of Indigenous Australians; acknowledging shame; challenges of change around nutrition and healthy eating; the undermining effect of mistrust and limited resources; the importance of community control when developing health promotion programmes; finding life purpose through learning; and the need for planning and partnerships to achieve community determination.ConclusionsSuggested principles for developing cooking and nutrition interventions are: consideration of community needs; understanding the impact of historical factors on health; understanding family and community tensions; and the engagement of long-term partnerships to develop community determination.

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Calvin, Zac, John Skinner, Yvonne Dimitropoulos, Gabriela Stan, Julie Satur, Susan Cartwright, Richard P. Widmer, et al. "The Indigenous Adolescent Oral Health Partnership Study: A Co-Design Study Protocol." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15 (July 26, 2022): 9104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159104.

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Background: in this protocol we outline a method of working alongside Aboriginal communities to learn about and facilitate improvement in the oral health habits in Aboriginal adolescents. By facilitating positive oral health in Aboriginal adolescents, we hope to achieve lifelong improvement in oral health and general wellbeing. Methods: this paper outlines a co-design methodology through which researchers and Aboriginal communities will work together to create a custom oral healthcare program aimed at Aboriginal adolescents. Researchers, a youth advisory group, Aboriginal community-controlled health services and three regional NSW communities will together devise an oral health strategy focused on five components: application of topical fluoride, increasing water consumption, improving nutrition, daily toothbrushing, and enhancing social and emotional wellbeing. Capacity building is a key outcome of this program. Discussion: as the gap in health status between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people remains wide, it is clear that new approaches and attitudes are needed in Aboriginal public health research. This protocol is representative of this shifting approach; giving power to Aboriginal communities who seek to have sovereignty and self-determination over their healthcare. Trial registration: TRN: ISRCTN15496753 Date of registration: 20 October 2021.

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Willows, Noreen D., Paul Veugelers, Kim Raine, and Stefan Kuhle. "Prevalence and sociodemographic risk factors related to household food security in Aboriginal peoples in Canada." Public Health Nutrition 12, no. 8 (August 2009): 1150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980008004345.

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AbstractObjectiveCanada’s Aboriginal population is vulnerable to food insecurity and increasingly lives off-reserve. The Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2.2 Nutrition, was used to compare the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of food insecurity between non-Aboriginal and off-reserve Aboriginal households.DesignFood insecurity status was based on Health Canada’s revised interpretation of responses to the US Household Food Security Survey Module. Logistic regression was used to assess if Aboriginal households were at higher risk for food insecurity than non-Aboriginal households, adjusting for household sociodemographic factors.SettingCanada.SubjectsHouseholds (n35,107), 1528 Aboriginal and 33 579 non-Aboriginal.ResultsThirty-three per cent of Aboriginal households were food insecure as compared with 9 % of non-Aboriginal households (univariate OR 5·2, 95 % CI 4·2, 6·3). Whereas 14 % of Aboriginal households had severe food insecurity, 3 % of non-Aboriginal households did. The prevalence of sociodemographic risk factors for household food insecurity was higher for Aboriginal households. Aboriginal households were more likely to have three or more children (14 %v. 5 %), be lone-parent households (2 1 %v. 5 %), not have home ownership (52 %v. 31 %), have educational attainment of secondary school or less (43 %v. 26 %), have income from sources other than wages or salaries (38 %v. 29 %), and be in the lowest income adequacy category (33 %v. 12 %). Adjusted for these sociodemographic factors, Aboriginal households retained a higher risk for food insecurity than non-Aboriginal households (OR 2·6, 95 % CI 2·1, 3·2).ConclusionsOff-reserve Aboriginal households in Canada merit special attention for income security and poverty alleviation initiatives.

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Lee, Amanda J., Dympna Leonard, Aletia A. Moloney, and Deanne L. Minniecon. "Improving Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander nutrition and health." Medical Journal of Australia 190, no. 10 (May 2009): 547–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2009.tb02559.x.

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G, Singh, White A, Spencer J, Wang Z, and Hoy W. "NUTRITION, BODY SIZE AND KIDNEY DIMENSIONS IN ABORIGINAL CHILDREN." Nephrology 5, no. 3 (October 2000): A68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1797.2000.0abs7.x.

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Wright, Kathleen M., Joanne Dono, Aimee L. Brownbill, Odette Pearson (nee Gibson), Jacqueline Bowden, Thomas P. Wycherley, Wendy Keech, et al. "Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption, correlates and interventions among Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities: a scoping review." BMJ Open 9, no. 2 (February 2019): e023630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023630.

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ObjectivesSugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption in Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people is reported to be disproportionally high compared with the general Australian population. This review aimed to scope the literature documenting SSB consumption and interventions to reduce SSB consumption among Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Findings will inform strategies to address SSB consumption in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities.MethodsPubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Informit, Joanna Briggs Institute EBP, Mura databases and grey literature were searched for articles published between January 1980 and June 2018. Studies were included if providing data specific to an Australian Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander population’s SSB consumption or an intervention that focused on reducing SSB consumption in this population.DesignSystematic scoping review.Results59 articles were included (1846 screened). While reported SSB consumption was high, there were age-related and community-related differences observed in some studies. Most studies were conducted in remote or rural settings. Implementation of nutrition interventions that included an SSB component has built progressively in remote communities since the 1980s with a growing focus on community-driven, culturally sensitive approaches. More recent studies have focused exclusively on SSB consumption. Key SSB-related intervention elements included incentivising healthier options; reducing availability of less-healthy options; nutrition education; multifaceted or policy implementation (store nutrition or government policy).ConclusionsThere was a relatively large number of studies reporting data on SSB consumption and/or sales, predominantly from remote and rural settings. During analysis it was subjectively clear that the more impactful studies were those which were community driven or involved extensive community consultation and collaboration. Extracting additional SSB-specific consumption data from an existing nationally representative survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people could provide detailed information for demographic subgroups and benchmarks for future interventions. It is recommended that a consistent, culturally appropriate, set of consumption measures be developed.

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Zhubreva, Т. V., and E. N. Myasnikova. "Healthy Nutrition of Schoolchildren of Aboriginal Population in the North." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, no. 3 (May 13, 2020): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2020-3-40-48.

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Healthy nutrition has a positive impact on human body functioning, however, the foundation of long and active life is laid in childhood and teenage years. The article provides information about using normative, technical and technological documents for organization of nutrition for schoolchildren in secondary education institutions located in places of residence of aboriginal population in the Far East. State policy concerning the development of these areas is expressed in a number of regulating documents of the federal level, where serious attention is paid to organization of hot meals for schoolchildren. On the territory of the Russian Federation ‘Rospotrebnadzor’ acts as a regulating and controlling body in the field of organization of nutrition in secondary education institutions and ‘SanPin’ is the principle regulating documents. The authors analyzed the requirements put forward by the regulator, which cannot take into account all specific features of physiology of schoolchildren’s nutrition, regional specificities and traditional nutrition culture, which underlines topicality of the research. Exclusion of traditional for Northern people food and its replacement with food typical of Central Russia cannot improve health of the rising generation. If we change this situation, it could enhance children’s health in the region and promote the development of local craft and small enterprises dealing with storing-up traditional food stuffs.

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Gwynn, Josephine, Kyra Sim, Tania Searle, Alistair Senior, Amanda Lee, and Julie Brimblecombe. "Effect of nutrition interventions on diet-related and health outcomes of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians: a systematic review." BMJ Open 9, no. 4 (April 2019): e025291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025291.

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ObjectiveTo review the literature on nutrition interventions and identify which work to improve diet-related and health outcomes in Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.Study designSystematic review of peer-reviewed literature.Data sourcesMEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, CINAHL, Informit, PsychInfo and Cochrane Library, Australian Indigenous Health InfoNet.Study selectionPeer-reviewed article describing an original study; published in English prior to December 2017; inclusion of one or more of the following outcome measures: nutritional status, food/dietary/nutrient intake, diet-related biomedical markers, anthropometric or health measures; and conducted with Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers extracted data and applied the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies from the Effective Public Health Practice Project. A purpose designed tool assessed community engagement in research, and a framework was applied to interventions to report a score based on numbers of settings and strategies. Heterogeneity of studies precluded a meta-analysis. The effect size of health outcome results were estimated and presented as forest plots.ResultsThirty-five articles (26 studies) met inclusion criteria; two rated moderate in quality; 12 described cohort designs; 18 described interventions in remote/very remote communities; none focused solely on urban communities; and 11 reported moderate or strong community engagement. Six intervention types were identified. Statistically significant improvements were reported in 14 studies of which eight reported improvements in biochemical/haematological markers and either anthropometric and/or diet-related outcomes.ConclusionsStore-based intervention with community health promotion in very remote communities, fiscal strategies and nutrition education and promotion programmes show promise. Future dietary intervention studies must be rigorously evaluated, provide intervention implementation details explore scale up of programmes, include urban communities and consider a multisetting and strategy approach. Strong Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community engagement is essential for effective nutrition intervention research and evaluation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42015029551.

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Foley, Wendy. "Family food work: lessons learned from urban Aboriginal women about nutrition promotion." Australian Journal of Primary Health 16, no. 3 (2010): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py10004.

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This article reports on ethnographic study of urban Aboriginal family food and implications for nutrition promotion. Data were collected over 2 years through in-depth interviews and participant observation in groups conducted through Indigenous organisations in a suburb of Brisbane. Issues when organising family food include affordability, keeping family members satisfied and being able to share food, a lack of cooking ideas, the accessibility of nutrition information, additional work involved in ensuring healthy eating, and a desire for convenience. Many different health professionals provide nutrition advice, often directing it towards individuals and not providing adequate guidance to facilitate implementation. The easiest advice to implement worked from existing household food practices, skills and budget. Cooking workshops helped to provide opportunities to experiment with recommended foods so that women could confidently introduce them at home. Aboriginal women are concerned about healthy eating for their families. Disadvantage can limit dietary change and the complexity of family food work is often underestimated in nutrition promotion. Household, rather than individual, framing of nutrition promotion can lead to more sustainable healthy eating changes.

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Luke, Joanne N., Rebecca Ritte, Kerin O’Dea, Alex Brown, Leonard S. Piers, Alicia J. Jenkins, and Kevin G. Rowley. "Nutritional predictors of successful chronic disease prevention for a community cohort in Central Australia." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 13 (November 17, 2015): 2475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015003262.

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AbstractObjectiveTo investigate biomarkers of nutrition associated with chronic disease absence for an Aboriginal cohort.DesignScreening for nutritional biomarkers was completed at baseline (1995). Evidence of chronic disease (diabetes, CVD, chronic kidney disease or hypertension) was sought from primary health-care clinics, hospitals and death records over 10 years of follow-up. Principal components analysis was used to group baseline nutritional biomarkers and logistic regression modelling used to investigate associations between the principal components and chronic disease absence.SettingThree Central Australian Aboriginal communities.SubjectsAboriginal people (n444, 286 of whom were without chronic disease at baseline) aged 15–82 years.ResultsPrincipal components analysis grouped twelve nutritional biomarkers into four components: ‘lipids’; ‘adiposity’; ‘dietary quality’; and ‘habitus with inverse quality diet’. For the 286 individuals free of chronic disease at baseline, lower adiposity, lower lipids and better dietary quality components were each associated with the absence at follow-up of most chronic diseases examined, with the exception of chronic kidney disease. Low ‘adiposity’ component was associated with absence of diabetes, hypertension and CVD at follow-up. Low ‘lipid’ component was associated with absence of hypertension and CVD, and high ‘dietary quality’ component was associated with absence of CVD at follow-up.ConclusionsLowering or maintenance of the factors related to ‘adiposity’ and ‘lipids’ to healthy thresholds and increasing access to a healthy diet appear useful targets for chronic disease prevention for Aboriginal people in Central Australia.

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Ng, Carmina, T. Kue Young, and Paul N. Corey. "Associations of television viewing, physical activity and dietary behaviours with obesity in aboriginal and non-aboriginal Canadian youth." Public Health Nutrition 13, no. 9 (May 4, 2010): 1430–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980010000832.

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AbstractObjectiveTo determine associations of diet, physical activity and television (TV) viewing time with obesity among aboriginal and non-aboriginal youth in conjunction with socio-economic variables.DesignCross-sectional study of differences between aboriginal and non-aboriginal groups and associations between lifestyle and socio-economic factors with obesity were examined.SettingPopulation data from the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2·2 conducted in 2004 in the ten provinces of Canada.SubjectsA total of 198 aboriginal and 4448 non-aboriginal Canadian youth aged 12–17 years.ResultsCompared to non-aboriginal youth, physical activity participation among aboriginal youth was higher, but consumption of vegetables and dairy products was lower, and more aboriginal youth were ‘high’ TV watchers. Low income adequacy was associated with decreased odds for obesity among aboriginal youth in contrast to higher odds among non-aboriginal youth. Non-aboriginal ‘high’ TV watchers consumed more soft drinks and non-whole-grain products than did ‘low’ TV watchers. Physical activity participation did not differ between ‘high’ and ‘low’ TV watchers for both groups, and was associated with lowered odds for obesity only among aboriginal youth.ConclusionsSociodemographic and lifestyle risk factors associated with obesity differ between aboriginal and non-aboriginal youth. These findings may be useful for guiding intervention efforts.

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Towns, Claire, Martin Cooke, Lee Rysdale, and Piotr Wilk. "Healthy Weights Interventions in Aboriginal Children and Youth: A Review of the Literature." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 75, no. 03 (September 1, 2014): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2014-006.

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There is evidence that Aboriginal children and youth in Canada and elsewhere are at higher risk of obesity and overweight than other children. However, there has been no review of healthy weights interventions specifically aimed at Aboriginal children. A structured search for peer-reviewed articles presenting and evaluating healthy weights interventions for Aboriginal children and youth was conducted. Seventeen articles, representing seven interventions, were reviewed to identify their main characteristics, evaluation design, and evaluation outcomes. Interventions included several large community-based programs as well as several more focused programs that all targeted First Nations or American Indians, rather than Métis or Inuit. Only 1 program served an urban Aboriginal population. None of the published evaluations reported significant reductions in obesity or overweight or sustained increases in physical activity, although some evaluations presented evidence of positive effects on children's diets or on nutrition knowledge or intentions. We conclude that broader structural factors affecting the health of Aboriginal children may limit the effectiveness of these interventions, and that more evidence is required regarding interventions for Aboriginal children in various geographic and cultural contexts in Canada including Inuit and Métis communities.

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BINNS, Colin W., Dawn GILCHRIST, Beth WOODS, Michael GRACEY, Jane SCOTT, Hannah SMITH, Min ZHANG, and Brian ROBERMAN. "Breastfeeding by Aboriginal mothers in Perth." Nutrition Dietetics 63, no. 1 (March 2006): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0080.2006.00032.x.

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Foley, Wendy, and Lisa Schubert. "Applying strengths-based approaches to nutrition research and interventions in Australian Indigenous communities." Critical Dietetics 1, no. 3 (March 4, 2013): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32920/cd.v1i3.600.

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This paper provides a background to strengths-based approaches used in health and considers what these have to offer in the context of public health nutrition, with particular reference to work with Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Deficit, disease and dysfunction permeate approaches in health fields, including nutrition. Public health has focused on gathering evidence about ‘what works’ from this deficit perspective, particularly in those communities identified as vulnerable. Strengths-based approaches, on the other hand, work with the assets already existing in individuals, communities and institutions to support the conditions for health. Although strengths-based approaches are used in some health fields, they are under-utilised in public health nutrition. A strengths-based paradigm draws on the theory of salutogenesis to accentuate positive capacities so that nutrition professionals and clients/communities can jointly identify problems and activate solutions. Research processes and findings from a number of participatory Indigenous nutrition health projects will be discussed. This research has identified significant social resources within Australian Indigenous communities and these assets offer points from which to work. A strengths-based paradigm offers a different language with which to address nutrition inequalities. It can contribute to empowering Indigenous individuals and communities towards healthier nutrition. We propose that redressing the current imbalance between strengths and deficit-based approaches is needed in public health nutrition and consider the nature and potentials of strengths-based approaches in nutrition, with particular reference to their use in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander groups.

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Pettigrew, Simone, Michelle I. Jongenelis, Sarah Moore, and Iain S. Pratt. "A comparison of the effectiveness of an adult nutrition education program for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australians." Social Science & Medicine 145 (November 2015): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.09.025.

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Black, Andrew P., Hassan Vally, Peter Morris, Mark Daniel, Adrian Esterman, Connie S. Karschimkus, and Kerin O'Dea. "Nutritional impacts of a fruit and vegetable subsidy programme for disadvantaged Australian Aboriginal children." British Journal of Nutrition 110, no. 12 (June 7, 2013): 2309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114513001700.

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Healthy food subsidy programmes have not been widely implemented in high-income countries apart from the USA and the UK. There is, however, interest being expressed in the potential of healthy food subsidies to complement nutrition promotion initiatives and reduce the social disparities in healthy eating. Herein, we describe the impact of a fruit and vegetable (F&V) subsidy programme on the nutritional status of a cohort of disadvantaged Aboriginal children living in rural Australia. A before-and-after study was used to assess the nutritional impact in 174 children whose families received weekly boxes of subsidised F&V organised through three Aboriginal medical services. The nutritional impact was assessed by comparing 24 h dietary recalls and plasma carotenoid and vitamin C levels at baseline and after 12 months. A general linear model was used to assess the changes in biomarker levels and dietary intake, controlled for age, sex, community and baseline levels. Baseline assessment in 149 children showed low F&V consumption. Significant increases (P< 0·05) in β-cryptoxanthin (28·9 nmol/l, 18 %), vitamin C (10·1 μmol/l, 21 %) and lutein–zeaxanthin (39·3 nmol/l, 11 %) levels were observed at the 12-month follow-up in 115 children, although the self-reported F&V intake was unchanged. The improvements in the levels of biomarkers of F&V intake demonstrated in the present study are consistent with increased F&V intake. Such dietary improvements, if sustained, could reduce non-communicable disease rates. A controlled study of healthy food subsidies, together with an economic analysis, would facilitate a thorough assessment of the costs and benefits of subsidising healthy foods for disadvantaged Aboriginal Australians.

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Saethre, Eirik. "Nutrition, Economics and Food Distribution in an Australian Aboriginal Community." Anthropological Forum 15, no. 2 (July 2005): 151–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00664670500135212.

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Colles, Susan L., Elaine Maypilama, and Julie Brimblecombe. "Food, food choice and nutrition promotion in a remote Australian Aboriginal community." Australian Journal of Primary Health 20, no. 4 (2014): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py14033.

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Contemporary diets of Aboriginal people living in remote Australia are characterised by processed foods high in fat and sugar. Within the ‘new’ food system, evidence suggests many Aboriginal people understand food in their own terms but lack access to consumer information about store-purchased foods, and parents feel inadequate as role models. In a remote Australian Aboriginal community, purposive sampling identified adults who participated in semistructured interviews guided by food-based themes relating to the contemporary food system, parental guidance of children’s food choice and channels through which people learn. Interpretive content analysis was used to identify salient themes. In discussions, people identified more closely with dietary qualities or patterns than nutrients, and valued a balanced, fresh diet that made them feel ‘light’. People possessed basic knowledge of ‘good’ store foods, and wanted to increase familiarity and experience with foods in packets and cans through practical and social skills, especially cooking. Education about contemporary foods was obtained from key family role models and outside the home through community-based organisations, including school, rather than pamphlets and flip charts. Freedom of choice was a deeply held value; carers who challenged children’s autonomy used strategic distraction, or sought healthier alternatives that did not wholly deny the child. Culturally safe approaches to information sharing and capacity building that contribute to the health and wellbeing of communities requires collaboration and shared responsibility between policy makers, primary healthcare agencies, wider community-based organisations and families.

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Clague, Liesa, Neil Harrison, Katherine Stewart, and Caroline Atkinson. "Thinking Outside the Circle: Reflections on Theory and Methods for School-Based Garden Research." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 47, no. 2 (July 24, 2017): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jie.2017.21.

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School-based gardens (SBGs) are contributing to improvements in many areas of education, including nutrition, health, connectedness and engagement of students. While considerable research has been conducted in other parts of the world, research in Australia provides limited understanding of the impact of SBGs. The aim of this paper is to give a reflective viewpoint on the impact of SBGs in Australia from the perspective of an Aboriginal philosophical approach called Dadirri. The philosophy highlights an Australian Aboriginal concept, which exists but has different meanings across Aboriginal language groups. This approach describes the processes of deep and respectful listening. The study uses photovoice as a medium to engage students to become researchers in their own right. Using this methodology, students have control over how they report what is significant to them. The use of photovoice as a data collection method is contextualised within the Aboriginal philosophical approach to deep listening. For the first author, an Aboriginal researcher (Clague), the journey is to find a research process that maintains cultural integrity and resonates with the participants by affirming that a culturally sensitive approach to learning is important.

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Willows, Noreen D., Anthony J. G. Hanley, and Treena Delormier. "A socioecological framework to understand weight-related issues in Aboriginal children in Canada." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 37, no. 1 (February 2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h11-128.

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Obesity prevention efforts in Aboriginal (First Nations, Métis, or Inuit) communities in Canada should focus predominantly on children given their demographic significance and the accelerated time course of occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Aboriginal population. A socioecological model to address childhood obesity in Aboriginal populations would focus on the numerous environments at different times in childhood that influence weight status, including prenatal, sociocultural, family, and community environments. Importantly, for Aboriginal children, obesity interventions need to also be situated within the context of a history of colonization and inequities in the social determinants of health. This review therefore advocates for the inclusion of a historical perspective and a life-course approach to obesity prevention in Aboriginal children in addition to developing interventions around the socioecological framework. We emphasize that childhood obesity prevention efforts should focus on promoting maternal health behaviours before and during pregnancy, and on breastfeeding and good infant and child nutrition in the postpartum and early childhood development periods. Ameliorating food insecurity by focusing on improving the sociodemographic risk factors for it, such as increasing income and educational attainment, are essential. More research is required to understand and measure obesogenic Aboriginal environments, to examine how altering specific environments modifies the foods that children eat and the activities that they do, and to examine how restoring and rebuilding cultural continuity in Aboriginal communities modifies the many determinants of obesity. This research needs to be done with the full participation of Aboriginal communities as partners in the research.

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Svarc, Ruby, Corinne Davis, Helena McDonald, Julia Perruzza, Jennifer Browne, Robyn Delbridge, Keith Morgan, Sharleen O’Reilly, Claire Margerison, and Claire Palermo. "Exploring the impact of Aboriginal health placement experiences on the preparation of dietetic graduates for practice with Aboriginal communities." Nutrition & Dietetics 75, no. 5 (February 13, 2018): 448–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1747-0080.12407.

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Gracey, M. "Annie B Cunning Lecture - Nutrition and infections in Australian Aboriginal children*." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine 21, no. 6 (December 1991): 921–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.1991.tb01421.x.

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Browne, Jennifer, Rick Hayes, and Deborah Gleeson. "Aboriginal health policy: is nutrition the ‘gap’ in ‘Closing the Gap’?" Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 38, no. 4 (August 2014): 362–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12223.

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Brand, J. C., I. Darnton-Hill, M. S. Gracey, and R. M. Spargo. "Lactose malabsorption in Australian Aboriginal children." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 41, no. 3 (March 1, 1985): 620–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/41.3.620.

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Binns, C., D. Gilchrist, M. Gracey, M. Zhang, J. Scott, and A. Lee. "Factors associated with the initiation of breast-feeding by Aboriginal mothers in Perth." Public Health Nutrition 7, no. 7 (October 2004): 857–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2004634.

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AbstractObjectives:To identify the prevalence of breast-feeding at discharge and the determinants of breast-feeding initiation amongst Aboriginal women.Design:A prospective cohort study using a self-administered baseline questionnaire and telephone-administered follow-up interviews.Setting:Six hospitals with maternity wards in Perth, Western Australia.Subjects:Four hundred and twenty-five Aboriginal mothers of newborn infants.Results:At discharge, 89.4% of Aboriginal mothers were breast-feeding. Breast-feeding at discharge was most positively associated with perceived paternal support of breast-feeding, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 6.65 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.81–15.74), and with maternal age (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03–1.22), but negatively associated with parity and having delivered vaginally.Conclusion:The factors independently associated with breast-feeding at discharge were similar to those previously identified for a group of non-Aboriginal Perth women, suggesting that separate breast-feeding interventions specially targeted at Aboriginal women are not warranted. The findings do, however, highlight the importance of including the father in the breast-feeding discussions.

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Taylor, Jennifer P., Vianne Timmons, Roberta Larsen, Fiona Walton, Janet Bryanton, Kim Critchley, and Mary Jean McCarthy. "Nutritional Concerns in Aboriginal Children Are Similar to Those in Non-Aboriginal Children in Prince Edward Island, Canada." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 107, no. 6 (June 2007): 951–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2007.03.008.

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Abbott, Penelope A., Joyce E. Davison, Louise F. Moore, and Raechelle Rubinstein. "Effective Nutrition Education for Aboriginal Australians: Lessons from a Diabetes Cooking Course." Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 44, no. 1 (January 2012): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2010.10.006.

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Myers, Judith, Sharon Thorpe, Jennifer Browne, Kay Gibbons, and Stephanie Brown. "Early childhood nutrition concerns, resources and services for Aboriginal families in Victoria." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 38, no. 4 (June 24, 2014): 370–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12206.

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Vargas, Carmen, Jennifer Browne, Tracy Hardy, Edward Moore, Hassan Vally, and Deborah Gleeson. "Coverage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander nutrition in the Koori Mail." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 44, no. 3 (April 20, 2020): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12980.

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McKay, Fiona H., and Stephanie L. Godrich. "Interventions to address food insecurity among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: a rapid review." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 46, no. 12 (December 2021): 1448–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2020-1075.

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Food insecurity disproportionately impacts Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. This review sought to investigate research and evaluations of programs and interventions implemented to address food insecurity among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. A rapid review was conducted to collate the available research from 6 databases. The search was conducted in May 2020. Search constructs related to food insecurity, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, and Australia. Twenty-five publications were included in this review, 24 reported on an intervention, while 9 were evaluations of an intervention. Interventions included behaviour change projects, including projects that sought to change purchasing and cooking behaviours, school-based education programs, and gardening programs. In general, the studies included in this sample were small and lacked a systematic consideration of the factors that shape the experience of food insecurity among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people specifically. Based on the findings of this review, authors suggest greater consideration to the systematic determinants of food insecurity among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities to have lasting and sustainable impact on food insecurity. This review has been registered with the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42020183709). Novelty: Food insecurity among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people poses significant risk to health and wellbeing. Small-scale food security interventions may not provide ongoing and sustained impact. Any intervention to promote food security will need to involve Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and be sustained once external parties have left.

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Adegbija, Odewumi Oluwarotimi, and Zhiqiang Wang. "Gender variations in waist circumference levels between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australian populations: A systematic review." Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 8, no. 6 (November 2014): e513-e524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2013.11.009.

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Gracey, Michael. "The Problem of Diarrhoeal Disease Children." Paediatrica Indonesiana 18, no. 1-2 (June 13, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi18.1-2.1978.1-5.

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In Western Austnalia, diarrheal disease in Aboriginal children found inhalf cases of malnutrition, sugar intolerance in 25% of patients and approximately 50% showed high rates of infection and infestation. The most commonly isolated are Giardia lamblia, Enteropathogenic E. Coli, Salmonellaea and Shigellae.The mortality rate of diarrhoeal disease is maro than 5%, which is severaltimes than white children. The cause of death are hypokalemia, hypoglycaemia, delayed rehydration treatment, the high incidence of malnutrition and sugar intolerance.To improve and solving the problem the prime aim should be preventionby upgrading many factors including maternal nutrition, promotion of breast feeding, standard of living, nutritional and hygiene education and related socioeconomic condition, the availability of skilled medical and nursing facilities.

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Li, Ming, Robyn McDermott, Katina D'Onise, and Dympna Leonard. "Folate status and health behaviours in two Australian Indigenous populations in north Queensland." Public Health Nutrition 15, no. 10 (February 10, 2012): 1959–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980011003661.

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AbstractObjectiveTo assess nutritional status using red-cell folate (RCF) and associated health behaviours including fruit and vegetable intake, smoking, drinking and physical activity in two Indigenous populations living in remote northern Australia.DesignA cross-sectional survey conducted during 1998–2000.SettingTwenty-six rural communities in north Queensland, Australia.SubjectsA total of 2524 Indigenous people aged 15 years and over was included in the study. Self-reported fruit and vegetable intake, tobacco smoking, alcohol intake and physical activity were recorded. RCF was measured using the Bayer Advia Centaur automated immunoassay system. The association between low RCF (RCF<295 nmol/l) and risk factors was analysed using general linear models adjusted for demographic factors and covariates, namely BMI, diabetes and dyslipidaemia.ResultsThe prevalence of RCF deficiency was higher in Aboriginal participants compared with Torres Strait Islanders (25·6 %v. 14·8 %,P< 0·001). Young women of childbearing age were more likely to have low RCF. Among Aboriginal adults, smoking was strongly associated with low RCF (risk ratio = 1·9, 95 % CI 1·5, 2·5 in females and risk ratio = 2·9, 95 % CI 1·9, 4·2 in males).ConclusionsIndigenous Australians, especially women of childbearing age, had high prevalence of low RCF. Smoking was associated with insufficient folate independent of fruit and vegetable intake and alcohol consumption in the Aboriginal population. This population with an already higher risk of obesity and higher rate of tobacco smoking should be targeted to improve nutrition status to prevent ill health such as diabetes and CVD.

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W. Battersby, Malcolm, Jackie Ah Kit, Colleen Prideaux, Peter W. Harvey, James P. Collins, and Peter D. Mills. "Research Implementing the Flinders Model of Self-management Support with Aboriginal People who have Diabetes: Findings from a Pilot Study." Australian Journal of Primary Health 14, no. 1 (2008): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py08009.

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A pilot program for Aboriginal people with diabetes on Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, aimed to test the acceptability and impact of using the Flinders model of self-management care planing to improve patient self-management. A community development approach was used to conduct a twelve-month demonstration project. Aboriginal health workers (AHWs) conducted patient-centred, self-management assessment and care planning. Impacts were measured by patient-completed diabetes self-management assessment tool, goal achievement, quality of life and clinical measures at baseline and 12 months. Impact and acceptability were also assessed by semi-structured interviews and focus groups of AHWs. Sixty Aboriginal people with type 2 diabetes stated their main problems as family and social dysfunction, access to services, nutrition and exercise. Problems improved by 12% and goals by 26%, while quality of life scores showed no significant change. Self-management scores improved in five of six domains. Mean HbA1c reduced from 8.74-8.09 and mean blood pressure was unchanged. AHWs found the process acceptable and appropriate for them and their patients. It was concluded that a diabetes self-management program provided by AHWs is acceptable, improves self-management and is seen to be useful by Aboriginal communities. Barriers include lack of preventative health services, social problems and time pressure on staff. Enablers include community concern regarding the prevalence and mortality associated with diabetes.

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Lee, Amanda J., Ann P. V. Bonson, Daisy Yarmirr, Kerin O'Dea, and John D. Mathews. "Sustainability of a successful health and nutrition program in a remote Aboriginal community." Medical Journal of Australia 162, no. 12 (June 1995): 632–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb126048.x.

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