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Jana, J. C., S. Guha, and R. Chatterjee. "Effect of planting geometry and nitrogen levels on crop growth, fruit yield and quality in okra grown during early winter in terai zone of West Bengal." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2010): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v5i1.488.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A field-experiment was conducted in early winter of 2006 and 2007 under sub-Himalayan terai agroclimatic region of West Bengal to evaluate comparative effect of planting geometry and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and fruit quality in okra variety Arka Anamika. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design and replicated thrice, with four levels of nitrogen, viz., 50 kg, 100 kg, 150 kg and 200 kg ha-1 and four different spacings viz., 30 cm x 15 cm, 30 cm x 30 cm, 45 cm x 30 cm and 60 cm x 30 cm. Among different treatment combinations, application of 150 kg N ha-1 and 45 cm x 30 cm spacing recorded the highest number of fruits plant-1 (13.7), individual fruit weight (18.5 gm), fruit yield plant-1 (195.0 g), fruit yield ha-1 (12.2 t) and Vitamin C content in fruits (25.3 mg /100 g). Fertilization with 200 kg N ha-1 and 45 cm x 30 cm spacing recorded the highest value for nitrate content in fruits (658.1 mg kg-1). The study amply revealed scope for growing okra crop profitably during early winter season of mild, cool temperature by adopting nitrogen levels of 150 kg ha-1 with plant spacing of 45 cm x 30 cm in the terai agro-climatic region of West Bengal.
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Ravandi, Farhad, Jorgensen L. Jeffrey, Deborah A. Thomas, Susan O'Brien, Elias Jabbour, Gautam Borthakur, Rebecca Garris, et al. "Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) Assessed By Multi-Parameter Flow Cytometry (MFC) Is Highly Predictive of Outcome in Adult Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 1079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.1079.1079.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Purpose - Predicting outcome in patients with ALL has been traditionally based on pre-treatment characteristics such as age, white blood cell count (WBC) and cytogenetics. Minimal residual disease is a surrogate to the complex interaction of disease biology and therapy and its role in assigning risk is well-established. Many prior studies in patients with ALL have used molecular markers of MRD with few studies evaluating the role of multi-parameter flow cytometry (MFC) in the adult population. We investigated the predictive value of MRD assessed by MFC among 340 patients with ALL treated between March 2004 and March 2014 using regimens including the hyperCVAD backbone. Methods - Among 340 patients with B-ALL treated in this period 323 (95%) achieved complete remission (CR) or CR without platelet recovery (CRp) and were included in this study. Median age was 52 (Range, 15-84). Median WBC was 9.35 x109/L (Range, 0.4-658.1 x109/L). Cytogenetics were normal in 62 (18%), Philadelphia+ in 146 (43%), 11q23/rearranged MLL in 14 (4%), aneuploid in 45 (13%), hyperdiploid in 29 (9%), hypodiploid in 13 (4%), insufficient metaphases/ not done in 31 (9%). MRD by MFC was assessed with a sensitivity of 0.01%, using a 15-marker, 4-color panel in the first half of the study and subsequently a 6-color panel. Bone marrow specimens for MRD assessment were obtained at the time of achievement of CR and at approximately 3 month intervals thereafter. Results - 260 patients had available samples at CR and 166 (64%) became MRD negative. Achieving MRD negative status at CR was associated with a statistically significant improvement in disease-free survival (P =0.004) and overall survival (P=0.03). 215 patients were evaluated for MRD at approximately 3 months and 201 (93%) became negative. Achieving MRD negative status at approximately 3 months was also associated with a statistically significant improvement in DFS (P=0.002) and OS (P=0.003). 166 patients were evaluated for MRD at approximately 6 months and 160 (96%) became negative. Achieving MRD negative status at approximately 6 months was also associated with a statistically significant improvement in DFS (P<0.0001) and OS (P<0.0001). Figure below demonstrates the DFS and OS by MRD status at CR (Figure 1a and 1b), at 3 months (Figure 2a and 2b), and at 6 months (Figure 3a and 3b) with patients censored at the time of undergoing an allogeneic stem cell transplant or last follow-up. On multivariate analysis including age, WBC at presentation, cytogenetics (standard vs. high risk), and MRD status at CR, 3 months and 6 months, achieving an MRD negative status at CR was an independent predictor of DFS (P<0.05). Conclusion – Achievement of an MRD negative state assessed by MFC is an important predictor of DFS and OS in patients with ALL Figure 1 Figure 1. Figure 2 Figure 2. Figure 3 Figure 3. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Xia, Daocheng, and Feng Feng. "Crystal structure of 1-methyl-5-(4-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-ylthio) butylthio)-1H-tetrazole, C8H14N8S2." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 228, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/ncrs.2013.0007.
Повний текст джерела
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Ravandi, Farhad, Susan O'Brien, Rebecca Garris, Stefan H. Faderl, Deborah A. Thomas, Jan A. Burger, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Elias Jabbour, Jorge E. Cortes, and Hagop M. Kantarjian. "Final Report Of Single-Center Study Of Chemotherapy Plus Dasatinib For The Initial Treatment Of Patients With Philadelphia-Chromosome Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 3914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.3914.3914.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background The dual Src and Abl inhibitor dasatinib has significant in vitro kinase inhibition against wild-type and mutant BCR-ABL, and significant clinical activity in patients with imatinib-resistant lymphoid blast phase CML (CML-LB) and Philadelphia-chromosome positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Aim To determine the long-term efficacy of the combination of the hyperCVAD regimen with dasatinib for treating patients with Ph+ ALL. Methods In this phase II trial, patients with newly diagnosed Ph+ ALL received dasatinib 50 mg po bid (or 100 mg daily) for the first 14 days of each of 8 cycles of alternating hyperCVAD and high dose cytarabine and methotrexate (induction/consolidation cycles). After 42 patients, the protocol was amended to give dasatinib 100 mg daily in the first 14 days of the first cycle and then 70 mg daily continuously from the second cycle. Patients in complete remission (CR) continued to receive maintenance dasatinib 50 mg po bid (or 100 mg daily) and vincristine and prednisone monthly for 2 years followed by dasatinib indefinitely. Patients eligible for allogeneic stem cell transplant proceeded to it in first CR. Results 63 patients with untreated Ph+ ALL and 9 patients with 1 or 2 prior cycles of chemotherapy (before Ph+/BCR-ABL+ status was known) have been enrolled in the study from September 2006 to March 2012. Patients have received a median of 6 cycles (range 1-8) of induction/consolidation. Median age is 55 years (range 21 – 80); 46 patients were older than 50 years, Median WBC at diagnosis was 12 x 109/L (range, 0.4 - 658.1 x 109/L). Ten patients had CNS involvement at presentation. All patients are evaluable for assessment of response to induction; 69 (96%) achieved CR after first cycle or were CR at start. 3 patients died before response assessment from infections. 57 of 69 (83%) evaluable patients achieved cytogenetic (CG) CR after 1 cycle; 5 had a major CG response (4 had 5% and one had 15% Ph+), 2 had insufficient metaphases, and 5 are unknown (no CG exam on day 21 marrow). To date, 45 patients (65%) have achieved complete molecular remission (CMR) and another 19 (28%) have achieved a major (but not complete) molecular response (MMR) at a median of 4 weeks from initiation of treatment (range, 2 – 38 weeks). Minimal residual disease assessment by flow cytometry is negative in 65 (94 %) patients at a median of 3 weeks (range, 2-37 weeks). The median time to neutrophil and platelet recovery for cycle 1 is 18 and 22 days and for subsequent cycles is 15 and 20 days. Grade 3 and 4 adverse events have included bleeding (GI, GU, soft tissue and subdural hematomas), pleural effusions, pericardial effusions, reversible rise in creatinine, deep vein thromboses, pulmonary emboli, as well as diarrhea, infections, hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hyperglycemia, and elevated transaminases. With a median follow up of 48 months in the surviving patients (range 16.5 - 81.5), 36 patients (50%) are alive and 31 (43%) are in CR. Twelve patients have undergone an allogeneic stem cell transplant. Thirty six patients have died [3 at induction, 16 after relapse, 7 post stem cell transplant performed in CR1, and 10 in CR (6 from infections, 1 from unrelated cardiac event, 1 from unrelated cancer, and 2 from an unknown cause)]. The median disease free survival is 31 months (range, 0.3 to 81) and the median overall survival is 44 months (range, 0.2 to 82). Twenty-one patients have relapsed with a median response duration of 16 months (range, 5 - 62) and 16 of them have died. In 6 patients morphological relapse was preceded by flow and molecular relapse. Six relapsed patients had ABL mutations (4 T315I, 1 F359V, and 1 V299L). Conclusion Combination of chemotherapy with dasatinib is effective in achieving long term remissions in patients with newly diagnosed Ph+ ALL. Disclosures: Ravandi: Bristol Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Research Funding. Off Label Use: Use of dasatinib for the frontline therapy of Ph+ ALL. O'Brien:Pharmacyclics: Research Funding. Jabbour:Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria. Cortes:Bristol Myers Squibb: Research Funding. Kantarjian:Bristol Myers Squibb: Research Funding.
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Merzweiler, Kurt, and Hans-Jörg Kersten. "Notizen: Darstellung und Kristallstruktur von [{(CO)5WPhP}2S2] / Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [{(CO)5WPhP}2S2]." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 48, no. 4 (April 1, 1993): 541–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1993-0422.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The reaction of [{(CO)5W}PhPCl2] with S(SiMe3)2 leads to the formation of [{(CO)5WPhP}2S2] (1). 1 crystallizes in the space group P21/n. The lattice constants (at 298 K) are: a = 658.9(3), b = 2287.6(11), c = 1905.5(9) pm, β = 94.53(3)°. According to the crystal structure determination 1 contains a four-membered P2S2 ring which is coordinated to two {(CO)5W} units.
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Zhang, Dawei, Yanrong Ren, Zhenhua Jin, Yonghua Duan, Mingli Xu, and Jie Yu. "Facile Synthesis of PtPd Network Structure Nanochains Supported on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Methanol Oxidation." Metals 12, no. 11 (November 8, 2022): 1911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12111911.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, a PtPd NC catalyst with a network structure of nanochains was prepared with KBr as a structure-directing agent, NaBH4 as a reducing agent, and modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a support. The experimental results show that the structure-directing agent KBr helps to form a particular type of nanochain with a network topology. PtPd NCs with various ratios (Pt:Pd = 2:1, 1:1, 1:2) have respective diameters of 30 nm, 35 nm, and 23 nm. With numerous structural flaws at the junctions, the nanochains’ distinctive network structure increases the number of active sites on the PtPd nanocenter surface. Electrochemical characterization results show that the current density of the PtPd NCs is about 658.5 mA mg−1, 1.5-times that of the Pt/C catalyst and 3.9-times that of the commercial Pd/C catalyst. Furthermore, it has better electrocatalytic stability for methanol oxidation than Pd/C and Pt/C catalysts.
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Lee, M. R., M. Quartern, and S. Jaulmes. "New Crystal Data for Seven Molybdates MIIUMo4O16 (MII = Mg,Mn,Cd,Ca,Hg,Sr,Pb)." Powder Diffraction 3, no. 2 (June 1988): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600013361.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractSeven isotopic molybdates MIIUMo4O16 have been synthesized by solid state reaction with MII = Mg, Mn, Cd, Ca, Hg, Sr, Pb. Single crystals of CaUMo4O16 were obtained. Previously reported as triclinic, this compound is monoclinic, space group P2/n. Unit-cell parameters for the seven compounds are:MgUMo4O16: a = 11.393(2), b = 6.505(1), c = 7.918(2) Å, β = 89.81(3)°, V = 586.8(5) Å3, Z = 2, Dx = 5.12 Mg m−3;MnUMo4O16: a = 11.413(2), b = 6.555(1), c = 8.023(1) Å, β = 89.86(2)°, V = 600.2(4)Å3, Z = 2, Dx = 5.18 Mg m−3;CdUMo4O16: a = 11.427(2), b = 6.607(1), c = 8.144(2) Å3, β = 90.40(2)°, V = 614.8(5)Å3, Z = 2, Dx = 5.37 Mg m−3;CaUMo4O16: a = 11.443(3), b = 6.653(2), c = 8.239(2)Å, β = 90.51(3)°, V = 627.2(6)Å3, Z = 2, Dm = 4.83(5), Dx = 4.88 Mg m−3;HgUMo4O16: a = 11.439(3), b = 6.643(1), c = 8.257(2)Å, β = 90.53(3)°, V = 627.4(6)Å3, Z = 2, Dx = 5.73 Mg m−3;SrUMo4O16: 11.465(3), b = 6.768(2), c = 8.492(2) Å, β = 90.86(3)°, V = 658.8(6)Å3, Z = 2, Dx = 4.88 Mg m−3;PbUMo4O16: a = 11.470(4), b = 6.813(2), c = 8.557(2)Å, β = 90.88(4)°, V = 668.7(8)Å3, Dx = 5.41 Mg m−3;Powder diffraction data for each phase are reported.
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Iijima, Kei, Kazutaka Kamiya, Yoshihiko Iida, and Nobuyuki Shoji. "Comparison of Laser Iridotomy and Lensectomy Outcomes for Acute Primary Angle Closure." Journal of Ophthalmology 2022 (May 30, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6959479.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose. To compare the clinical outcomes of the different treatments for acute primary angle closure (APAC). Methods. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical charts of 87 eyes of 87 patients undergoing treatment for APAC. We investigated the best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), and secondary interventions after each treatment. Results. The pretreated IOP was 56.4 ± 9.0 mmHg. As the first treatment for APAC, all eyes underwent topical 2% pilocarpine and systemic mannitol administration. Subsequent laser iridotomy (LI) and lensectomy were necessary in 29 eyes (33%) and 35 eyes (40%), respectively. Bullous keratopathy developed in 1 eye (1%), and following glaucoma surgery was required in 7 eyes (8%). The BSCVA at the final follow-up was 0.16 ± 0.53 and 0.01 ± 0.20 logMAR (Mann–Whitney U test, p = 0.149 ), the IOP was 12.8 ± 2.6, and 12.6 ± 2.9 mmHg ( p = 0.860 ), and the ECD was 2295.9 ± 658.2 and 2244.1 ± 622.0 cells/mm2 ( p = 0.735 ) in the LI and lensectomy groups, respectively. Conclusions. Approximately 26% of eyes with APAC were resolved after the initial medical treatment, and subsequent surgical treatments, such as LI and lensectomy, were required in 33% and 40% of eyes, respectively. We found no significant differences in the BSCVA, the IOP, or the ECD among LI and lensectomy treatment groups.
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Rama, Mirvete, Mirela Miraci, Idriz Balla, Ela Petrela, Ledjan Malaj, and Anjeza Koleci. "Cost-Effectiveness of Thrombolytic Therapy, Compared with Anticoagulants Therapy in the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Albania." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 3, no. 2 (May 28, 2015): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2015.060.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AIM: The study aim is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of thrombolytic treatment in acute MI comparing with anticoagulants therapy and between each other thrombolytic (SK, r-Pa).MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used a prospective registry of all patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction in intensive care units in Tirana. The average drugs cost was calculated for the hospitalization period in Albanian money (ALL). Survival and life quality were estimated by phone contact 1 year after acute MI.RESULTS: Anticoagulant group cost is 23865.3 ALL (170.5€), SK group cost is 54148.63 ALL (386.7€), r-Pa group has a cost of 92184.90 ALL (658.5€). In the group treated with SK the hospital survival is 100%, while in the control group 88.8%. Reteplase group has a lower period of stay in hospital than SK group 13.04 days vs. 17.97 days, mean age in group treated with r-Pa is 64.29 ± 10.03 approximate with anticoagulant group mean age 64.17 ± 11.08; differ significantly with SK group mean age 56.75 ± 10.04. Survival after 1 year was 96.4% for r-Pa and 96.9% SK.CONCLUSIONS: SK and r-Pa are successful thrombolytics with high effectiveness. It is gained a higher survival with the thrombolytic treatments. Reteplase is well tolerated in older patients than SK, is easier to apply than Streptokinase, but has higher cost.
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Andrade, Maria Gabriela de Oliveira, Sebastião Ferreira de Lima, Eduardo Pradi Vendruscolo, Jorgiani de Ávila, Jordana Dias Martins, and Ana Paula Leite de Lima. "Nitrogen and potassium fertilization affects banana production." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 7 (May 9, 2020): e227973753. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.3753.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Banana crop presents rapid growth and high fruit production, demanding intense fertilization, with nitrogen and potassium being the most outstanding nutrients. However, national productivity is still low, indicating the need for studies to improve the performance of this fruit. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity and fruit characteristics of Thap Maeo banana, second cycle, under nitrogen and potassium fertilization. Plants of the cultivar Thap Maeo were used in spacing of 2.5 m x 2.5 m. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme with three replicates. The combination of presence (400 kg ha-1) or absence of nitrogen and four doses of potassium (0, 300, 600 and 900 kg of K2O ha-1) composed the treatments. It was observed that the application of K2O at the best doses gave gains of 8.5; 5.9; 16.3; 50.2; 20.0 and 27.6%, respectively, for the hands per bunch, fruits per hand, fruits per bunch, fruit diameter and fruit length, and fruit yield, when compared to the control. It was concluded that the use of nitrogen in association with K2O influences in isolation the number of hands per bunch and fruits per bunch, increasing their values. The variables hands per bunch, fruits per hand, fruits per bunch, fruit diameter, length and yield were benefited by the application of K2O, and the best doses were in the range of 502.7 to 658.0 kg ha-1.
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García-Ferrer, Lidia, Eduardo Daniel Bolaños-Aguilar, Jesús Ramos-Juárez, Mario Osorio Arce, and Luz Del Carmen Lagunes-Espinoza. "Rendimiento y valor nutritivo de leguminosas forrajeras en dos épocas del año y cuatro edades de rebrote." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias 6, no. 4 (December 8, 2015): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v6i4.4105.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
El efecto de edad de rebrote (21, 42, 63 y 84 días) sobre el rendimiento de materia seca (RMS), proporción de hoja (PH) y valor nutritivo de cacahuatillo (Arachis pintoi), stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis), clitoria (Clitoria ternatea) y kudzú (Pueraria phaseoloides), se evaluó durante la época seca (marzo-mayo) y lluviosa (junio-agosto) de 2013. El RMS y la fibra detergente neutro (FDN) se incrementaron con la edad, mientras que la PH, proteína (CP) y degradabilidad disminuyeron. Cacahuatillo y stylo registraron los RMS más altos en las dos épocas; en promedio 5.5 y 7.5 t ha-1 a los 84 días en época seca y lluviosa, respectivamente. En ambas épocas, la mayor y menor PH fueron para cacahuatillo y stylo, respectivamente. En CP, clitoria y cacahuatillo presentaron las mayores en ambas épocas; superiores a 140 g kg-1 MS aún a 84 días de edad. No se observó variación significativa en CP a partir de los 42 días en las especies. A los 21 días, stylo (704.7 g kg-1 MS) en la época seca y kudzú (658.4 g kg-1 MS) en la época lluviosa presentaron la mayor FDN. No hubo diferencias entre especies a partir de los 42 días. Cacahuatillo tuvo la mayor degradabilidad (>700 g kg-1 MS) durante su crecimiento en ambas épocas. En clitoria, stylo y kudzú sólo fue superior a 700 g kg-1 MS a los 21 días, pero desde los 42 días de edad, la degradabilidad disminuyó. En conclusión, la edad de rebrote que integra mayor RMS y valor nutritivo es la de 42 días en las leguminosas evaluadas, independientemente de la época del año.
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Dinh, Văn Chien, Thanh Phu Nguyen, Thanh Hoa Doan, and Van Khoa Bui. "Optimizating Spray Parameters of High Velocity Oxy Fuel (HVOF) for Cr3C2 - NiCr Coating." Applied Mechanics and Materials 889 (March 2019): 168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.889.168.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Porosity, hardness, and adhesion mainly affect the performance of thermal spray coating and significantly depend on spray parameters. Therefore, determining value of the spray parameters and their effects on the coating properties are always taken into consideration. This paper studies optimization as well as evaluates influences of HVOF spray parameters which include powder feed rate (M), rotational speed of the details per minute (N) and step movement of the nozzle per revolution (S) to the adhesion, porosity, micro-hardness of Cr3C2 - 20(80Ni20Cr) coating on 40Cr steel shaft substrate. Taguchi experimental design L9 combined with analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine optimum spray parameters and percentage of effect of each spray parameter on properties of the coating. From obtained results, the optimal spray parameters are m = 35 g.min-1, n = 130 rpm, S = 6 mm for the highest hardness coating of 658.2 HV; with m = 45g.min-1, n = 130rpm, S = 3 mm for the smallest porosity of 1.27%; with m = 35g.min-1, n = 130 rpm, S = 3 mm for the coating with a maximum adhesion of 44.07 MPa. The percent effects of the parameters m, n, S to adhesion, porosity and hardness were (2.8%, 33.6%, 63.6%), (0.1%, 1.3%, 98.6%), (32.7%, 43.3%, 24%), respectively. The percent effects of spray parameters on corresponding coating property allows adjustment of spray parameters to obtain the desired coating. Verified experiment results shows that the results are reliable. Taguchi method and ANOVA can find optimal parameters of the HVOF spray to acquire high-performance coating.
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Kamalah, Rizqi. "PERBEDAAN PEMBERIAN MADU DAN TIDAK DIBERI MADU TERHADAP VOLUME ASI MATUR IBU NIFAS HARI KE SEPULUH." Jurnal Kebidanan Sorong 1, no. 1 (September 6, 2021): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36741/jks.v1i1.139.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRAK
Cakupan ASI eksklusif di Puskesmas Sumbersari pada tahun 2011 99%, dengan permasalah volume ASI 20 %. Tiga penyebab kurangnya volume ASI pada ibu menyusui meliputi nutrisi, masalah psikologi, dan hisapan bayi. Untuk terhindar dari masalah gangguan nutrisi, ibu menyusui memerlukan nutrisi lebih, agar jumlah air susu yang dihasilkan cukup. Kejadian ini dapat diantisipasi dengan memberikan madu, karena nutrisi madu dapat mencukupi kebutuhan nutrisi ibu menyusui. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah True-Eksperimen.Dimana populasi yang digunakan ibu nifas, dan sampel adalah ibu nifas hari ke-1 sampai hari ke-10 (total sampling). Penelitian ini menggunakan uji t independent. Hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil bahwa nilai nilai rata – rata volume ASI matur hari ke-10 pada ibu dengan pemberian madu 703.5 cc / 24 jam, sedangkan rata – rata volume ASI matur hari ke-10 pada ibu tanpa pemberian madu 658.5 cc / 24 jam. t hitung (3.073) ≥ t tabel (2.101) terdapat Perbedaan Pemberian Madu Dan Tidak Diberi Madu Terhadap Volume Asi MaturIbu Nifas Hari Ke Sepuluh. Disebabkan madu memiliki kandungan nutrisi (energi, karbohidrat, protein) yang memiliki fungsi sebagai tenaga untuk hipofise posterior menghasilkan hormon oksitosin dan prolaktin. Kedua hormon tersebut memiliki peran sebagai pelancar dan produksi air susu. Dan diharapkan ibu menyusui mengkonsumsi madu pada awal nifas hingga bayi tidak menyusu lagi.
Kata Kunci: Madu; Ibu Nifas; Volume ASI Matur
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De Gregorio, Miguel Ángel, Masao Yamamoto-Ramos, Arturo Fredes, Carolina Serrano-Casorran, Sergio Sierre, Juan José Ciampi-Dopazo, Santiago Méndez, et al. "A Comparative Study of a Small Series of Patients (50 Patients) with Pelvic Varicose Veins Treated with Plugs Alone or Plugs and Polidocanol." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 16 (August 20, 2023): 5408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12165408.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Level of Evidence: Level 2. Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of vascular plug (VP) and vascular plug and polidocanol foam (VPPF) treatments for embolization in pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS). Materials and methods: A comparative, prospective, two-center study enrolled 50 women with PCS from January 2019 to January 2020. The patients were divided into two groups, and embolization was performed with VP (n = 25) and VPPF (n = 25) treatments. The mean age of the patients was 45.6 years ± 6.9. Three clinical parameters were assessed: abdominal pain, dyspareunia, and lower limb pain. The primary outcome (clinical success at 1 yr using a VAS), number of devices, procedure and fluoroscopy times, radiation doses, costs, and complications were compared. The participants were followed-up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Results: At the 1-year follow-up, clinical success did not significantly differ between the two groups (VP vs. VPPF) regarding the improvement of the symptoms analyzed (pelvic pain, dyspareunia, lower extremity pain, and other symptoms (p < 0.05)). The mean number of devices per case was 4 ± 1.1 for the VP group and 2 ± 0.31 for the VPPF group (p < 0.001). No major complications were recorded in either group. The VPPF group had a significantly longer fluoroscopy time (42.8 min ± 14.2 vs. 25.4 min ± 7) and longer radiation dose (VPPF air kerma 839.4 ± 513 vs. VP air kerma 658.4 mGy ± 355 (all p < 0.001)). Conclusions: Embolization for PCS resulted in pain relief in 90% of patients; the use of polidocanol did not demonstrate changes in the clinical outcome. The use of a VP alone was associated with decreased fluoroscopy time and radiation dose.
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McLoughlin, Shauna L., Richard A. D. Pattrick, J. Frederick W. Mosselmans, Joe Kelleher, and Bart E. van Dongen. "Selenium Uptake from Livestock Pasture Extremely Enriched in Selenium, Molybdenum and Uranium: A Field and X-ray Absorption Study." Soil Systems 7, no. 1 (March 10, 2023): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems7010024.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The agricultural soils of West Limerick, Ireland, contain very localised, extremely high natural Se concentrations that reach levels that are very toxic to grazing livestock. The Carboniferous shales that formed in anoxic deep-water marine environments are the source of the selenium, which, along with the other redox-sensitive elements of molybdenum, uranium, arsenic and vanadium, were mobilised and reprecipitated in post-glacial anoxic marshes. The result has been a history of selenosis and molybdenosis in livestock in this important dairy province. Soils collected at 10–20 cm from five different agricultural sites were analysed, and all yielded concentrations greatly in excess of the safe Se limits of 3–10 mg kg−1; the highest value recorded was 1265.8 mg kg−1 Se. The highest recorded value for Mo in these soils was 1627.5 mg kg−1, and for U, 658.8 mg kg−1. There was a positive correlation between Se, Mo U and organic matter in the soils. Analysis of non-accumulator pasture grasses (Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass), Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue), Dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot) and Phleum pretense (timothy grass)) revealed the shoot/leaf to contain up to 78.05 mg kg−1 Se while Trifolium repens (white clover) leaves contained 296.15 mg kg−1 Se. An in situ growing experiment using the Se accumulator species Brassica oleracea revealed 971.2 mg kg−1 Se in the leaves of premier kale, which also contained 1000.4 mg kg−1 Mo. Translocation factors (TFs) were generally higher for Mo than Se across all plant species. Combined X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) with micro-X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) showed the Se was present in the soil predominantly as the reduced immobile phase, elemental Se (Se0), but also as bioavailable organoselenium species, mainly selenomethionine (SeMet). SeMet was also the main species identified within both the Se non-accumulator and Se accumulator plants. The Se soil–plant system in West Limerick is dominated by SeMet, and uptake into the cattle pasture results in selenosis in the grazing dairy herds. The hyperaccumulating Brassica oleracea species could be used to extract both the Se and Mo to reduce the toxicity of the blighted fields.
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Sosa-Montes, E., U. Martínez-Martínez, A. Pro-Martínez, F. González-Cerón, J. Gallegos-Sánchez, and L. T. Rodríguez-Ortega. "Nutritive value of full-fat dehulled sunflower seeds in diets for broiler chickens." South African Journal of Animal Science 51, no. 4 (September 16, 2021): 542–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v51i4.15.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The goal of this research was to evaluate the nutritive value of full-fat de-hulled sunflower seeds (DHSS) in feeding broiler chickens. Three experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 determined the proximal analysis of DHSS, the essential amino acid content, and apparent metabolizable energy (AME). In experiment 2, two diets were formulated, namely a control and a diet containing 10% DHSS. Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and ether extract (EE) were calculated. In experiment 3, the performances of broilers fed the two diets were evaluated in terms of the relative weights of digestive system organs, breast meat colour, growth and feed consumption. Full-fat de-hulled sunflower seeds were characterized as having 507.9 g/kg EE, 282.1 g/kg CP, 21.02 MJ/kg AME and 9.3 g/16 g N arginine. Apparent ileal digestibility of DM in the 10% DHSS diet was 658.0 g/kg, similar to that of the control diet (643.0 g/kg). Partial substitution of DHSS for soybean meal (SBM) did not affect the relative weight of digestive system organs, except for the liver. The relative weights of the liver were 17.90 g/kg bodyweight in birds fed the DHSS diet and 16.37 g/kg bodyweight (P <0.05) in the control. The colour of the breast meat was 3.5% darker and 13.8% less yellow for DHSS birds compared with the control. Growth and feed consumption were unaffected by the dietary treatments. Therefore, 10% DHSS can partially replace SBM in broiler finisher diets.
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Lanzetta, Kenneth M., Stefan Gromoll, Michael M. Shara, Stephen Berg, David Valls-Gabaud, Frederick M. Walter, and John K. Webb. "Introducing the Condor Array Telescope. I. Motivation, Configuration, and Performance." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 135, no. 1043 (January 1, 2023): 015002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/acaee6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The “Condor Array Telescope” or “Condor” is a high-performance “array telescope” comprised of six apochromatic refracting telescopes of objective diameter 180 mm, each equipped with a large-format, very low-read-noise (≈1.2 e−), very rapid-read-time (<1 s) CMOS camera. Condor is located at a very dark astronomical site in the southwest corner of New Mexico, at the Dark Sky New Mexico observatory near Animas, roughly midway between (and more than 150 km from either) Tucson and El Paso. Condor enjoys a wide field of view (2.29 × 1.53 deg2 or 3.50 deg2), is optimized for measuring both point sources and extended, very low-surface-brightness features, and for broad-band images can operate at a cadence of 60 s (or even less) while remaining sky-noise limited with a duty cycle near 100%. In its normal mode of operation, Condor obtains broad-band exposures of exposure time 60 s over dwell times spanning dozens or hundreds of hours. In this way, Condor builds up deep, sensitive images while simultaneously monitoring tens or hundreds of thousands of point sources per field at a cadence of 60 s. Condor is also equipped with diffraction gratings and with a set of He ii 468.6 nm, [O iii] 500.7 nm, He i 587.5 nm, Hα 656.3 nm, [N ii] 658.4 nm, and [S ii] 671.6 nm narrow-band filters, allowing it to address a variety of broad- and narrow-band science issues. Given its unique capabilities, Condor can access regions of “astronomical discovery space” that have never before been studied. Here we introduce Condor and describe various aspects of its performance.
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Pan, Chih-Chuan, Che-Sheng Chu, Chien-Liang Chen, Yao-Chung Chuang, and Nai-Ching Chen. "Factors Affecting Rapid Cognitive Decline in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (August 13, 2021): 8576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168576.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We investigated the preventive and risk factors of rapid cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Using the Chang Gung Research Database (CGRD), we enrolled patients with AD aged over 65 years between 1 January 2001 and 30 May 2019, and followed up for at least two years. Rapid cognitive decline was defined by a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score decline of ≥4 in 2 years. A longer prescription of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) was defined as 22 months based on the median treatment duration of the cohorts. The Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusted for age, sex, medication, and physical comorbidities was used to examine the candidate risk and protective factors. We analyzed data from 3846 patients with AD (1503 men, 2343 women) with a mean age and percentage of females of 77.8 ± 6.2 years and 60.9%, respectively. The mean duration of patients with AD receiving AChEIs was 658.7 ± 21.9 days. In general, 310 patients with AD showed a rapid cognitive decline, accounting for 8.1%. Treatment of a consecutive AChEI prescription for >22 months in patients with AD was a protective factor against rapid cognitive decline (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.33–0.52, p < 0.001). Patients with AD aged >85 years (aHR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.36–0.79, p < 0.01) and aged 75–85 years (aHR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.57–0.93, p < 0.05) had a significantly lower risk of rapid cognitive decline than those aged 65–75 years. Additionally, patients with mild and moderate AD (clinical dementia rating (CDR = 1, aHR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.26–2.07, p < 0.001; CDR = 2, aHR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.90–3.65, p < 0.001) were more likely to have rapid cognitive decline than those with early AD (CDR = 0.5). Sex, medication with different types of AChEIs, and physical comorbidities were not associated with rapid cognitive decline. These findings indicate that it is important to maintain longer consecutive AChEI prescriptions in patients with AD to prevent cognitive decline.
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Sivaganesh, Vignesh, and Bela Peethambaran. "Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 inhibitor strictinin exhibits anti-cancer properties against highly aggressive androgen-independent prostate cancer." Exploration of Targeted Anti-tumor Therapy 4, no. 6 (December 20, 2023): 1188–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.37349/etat.2023.00192.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim: It is important to identify anti-cancer compounds that can inhibit specific molecular targets to eradicate androgen-receptor negative (ARneg), androgen-independent (AI) prostate cancer, which is an aggressive form of prostate cancer with limited treatment options. The goal of this study was to selectively target prostate cancer cells that have high levels of oncogenic protein Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) by using strictinin, a small molecule ROR1 inhibitor. Methods: The methods performed in this study include western blots, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) proliferation assays, phosphatidylserine apoptosis assays, apoptosis flow cytometry (Annexin V, caspase 3/7), migration scratch assays, Boyden chamber invasion assays, and cell cycle flow cytometry. Results: Strictinin was most lethal against PC3 [half-maximal drug inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 277.2 µmol/L], an ARneg-AI cell type that expresses the highest levels of ROR1. Strictinin inhibited ROR1 expression, downstream phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT)-glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3β) pro-survival signaling, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers in PC3 cells. Additionally, strictinin decreased PC3 cell migration and invasion, while increasing S-phase cell cycle arrest. In ARneg-AI DU145 cells, strictinin inhibited ROR1 expression and modulated downstream AKT-GSK3β signaling. Furthermore, strictinin exhibited anti-migratory, anti-invasive, but minimal pro-apoptotic effects in DU145 cells likely due to DU145 having less ROR1 expression in comparison to PC3 cells. Throughout the study, strictinin minimally impacted the phenotype of normal prostatic epithelial cells RWPE-1 (IC50 of 658.5 µmol/L). Strictinin was further identified as synergistic with docetaxel [combination index (CI) = 0.311] and the combination therapy was found to reduce the IC50 of strictinin to 38.71 µmol/L in PC3 cells. Conclusions: ROR1 is an emerging molecular target that can be utilized for treating prostate cancer. The data from this study establishes strictinin as a potential therapeutic agent that targets ARneg-AI prostate cancer with elevated ROR1 expression to reduce the migration, invasion, cell cycle progression, and survival of prostate cancer.
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Kattamis, Antonios, Christina Lazaropoulou, Maria Siopi, Ino Kanavaki, Evgenios Goussetis, Vassilios Ladis, and Ioannis Papassotiriou. "Soluble Endoglin and Its Interaction with Adhesion Molecules in Patients with Thalassemia Intermedia." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 5408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.5408.5408.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Endoglin (CD105) is an accessory protein of the transforming growth factor-β receptor system expressed on vascular endothelial cells. Mutations on the endoglin gene are associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasias (Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome) and, thus, endoglin has been extensively studied in the context of this disease. Endoglin is highly expressed on endothelial cells in healing wounds, developing embryos, inflammatory tissues and solid tumors. It is a marker of activated endothelium, while its vascular expression is limited to proliferating cells. Previous studies have shown that the endothelial function is impaired in patients with Thalassemia Intermedia (TI). Oxidative damage resulting from hemolysis and iron load, leads to increased expression of the intercellular and vascular adhesion molecules-1 (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) and impaired nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. As endoglin plays a critical role in angiogenesis and dysregulation of its expression and/or activity has been implicated in multiple vascular diseases, we aimed to investigate the expression of endoglin and its correlation with factors of endothelial dysfunction in patients with TI. Thirty adult patients with TI were included in the study, while 20 healthy individuals served as controls. Soluble endoglin, soluble forms of adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E and P-Selectins, thrombomodulin, von Willebrand factor, as well as NO and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), were measured in patients and controls, by immunoenzymatic methods. The main results of the study are: levels of endoglin, E-selectin, thrombomodulin, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and VEGF in patients with TI (5.5±0.4 ng/ml, 91.4±20.0 ng/ml, 48.8±16.5 ng/ml, 1413.7±176.1 ng/ml, 658.8±34.6 ng/ml and 619.1±227.8 pg/ml, respectively) were higher compared to controls (4.9±0.3 ng/ml, 10.3±2.2 ng/ml, 4.0±0.6 ng/ml, 328.3±43.8 ng/ml, 107.6±26.5 ng/ml, 81.3±58.1 pg/ml), (p<0.01), endoglin levels in patients with TI correlated positively with concentrations of ICAM-1 (r=0.760, p<0.003), VCAM-1 (r=0.520, p<0.05), E-Selectin (r=0.790, p<0.0020, P-Selectin (r=0.530, p<0.04), while these correlations were absent in normal individuals. Angiogenesis is a highly coordinated process in which VEGF, endoglin and hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) play a pivotal role by coordinating interaction between endothelial cells, extracellular matrix and the surrounding cells. Taking into assumption that endoglin is a protective-repair tissue protein, our findings support the hypothesis that patients with TI exhibit increased degree of angiogenesis and endothelial regeneration, which are probably compensatory mechanisms in response to tissue hypoxia and damage.
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Preda, Agnesa, Vlad Pădureanu, Maria Moța, Adela-Gabriela Ștefan, Alexandru Cristian Comănescu, Lucrețiu Radu, Emilia Roxana Mazilu, and Ionela Mihaela Vladu. "Analysis of Maternal and Neonatal Complications in a Group of Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus." Medicina 57, no. 11 (October 28, 2021): 1170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57111170.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background and Objectives: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represents one of the most common complications during pregnancy, being associated with numerous maternal and neonatal complications. The study aimed to analyze maternal and neonatal complications associated with GDM. The risk factors of GDM and of the maternal and neonatal complications were studied in order to prevent their occurrence. Materials and Methods: The study included 97 women in the study, who underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) between weeks 24–28 of pregnancy, consequently being divided into two groups: pregnant women with and without GDM. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 26.0 software and MATLAB fitglm, the results being considered statistically significant if p < 0.05. Results: We observed statistically significant differences between the group of women with and without GDM, regarding gestational hypertension (17.6% vs. 0%), preeclampsia (13.72% vs. 0%), and cesarean delivery (96.1% vs. 78,3%). Data on the newborn and neonatal complications: statistically significant differences were recorded between the two groups (GDM vs. no GDM) regarding the average weight at birth (3339.41 ± 658.12 g vs. 3122.83 ± 173.67 g), presence of large for gestational age (21.6% vs. 0%), macrosomia (13.7% vs. 0%), excessive fetal growth (35.3% vs. 0%), respiratory distress (31.4% vs. 0%), hospitalization for at least 24 h in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (9.80% vs. 0%), and APGAR score <7 both 1 and 5 min following birth (7.8% vs. 0%). Additionally, the frequency of neonatal hypoglycemia and hyperbilirubinemia was higher among newborns from mothers with GDM. Conclusions: The screening and diagnosis of GDM is vital, and appropriate management is required for the prevention of maternal and neonatal complications associated with GDM. It is also important to know the risk factors for GDM and attempt to prevent their appearance.
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Liu, Xiuli, Mun S. Ho, Geoffrey J. D. Hewings, Yuxing Dou, Shouyang Wang, Guangzhou Wang, Dabo Guan, and Shantong Li. "Aging Population, Balanced Diet and China’s Grain Demand." Nutrients 15, no. 13 (June 25, 2023): 2877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15132877.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The need to make more accurate grain demand (GD) forecasting has become a major topic in the current international grain security discussion. Our research aims to improve short-term GD prediction by establishing a multi-factor model that integrates the key factors: shifts in dietary structures, population size and age structure, urbanization, food waste, and the impact of COVID-19. These factors were not considered simultaneously in previous research. To illustrate the model, we projected China’s annual GDP from 2022 to 2025. We calibrated key parameters such as conversion coefficients from animal foods to feed grain, standard person consumption ratios, and population size using the latest surveys and statistical data that were either out of date or missing in previous research. Results indicate that if the change in diets continued at the rate as observed during 2013–2019 (scenario 1), China’s GD is projected to be 629.35 million tons in 2022 and 658.16 million tons in 2025. However, if diets shift to align with the recommendations in the Dietary Guideline for Chinese Residents 2022 (scenario 2), GD would be lower by 5.9–11.1% annually compared to scenario 1. A reduction in feed grain accounts for 68% of this change. Furthermore, for every 1 percentage point increase in the population adopting a balanced diet, GD would fall by 0.44–0.73 million tons annually during that period. Overlooking changes in the population age structure could lead to an overprediction of annual GDP by 3.8% from 2022 to 2025. With an aging population, China’s GD would fall slightly, and adopting a balanced diet would not lead to an increase in GD but would have positive impacts on human health and the environment. Our sensitivity analysis indicated that reducing food waste, particularly cereal, livestock, and poultry waste, would have significant effects on reducing GD, offsetting the higher demand due to rising urbanization and higher incomes. These results underscore the significance of simultaneous consideration of multiple factors, particularly the dietary structure and demographic composition, resulting in a more accurate prediction of GD. Our findings should be useful for policymakers concerning grain security, health, and environmental protection.
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Blake, Cody, Jason Street, James Wooten, Brian Mitchell, and Frank C. Owens. "Industrial-scale Pelletization of Southern Pine Energy Pellets with Various Additives." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 35, no. 6 (2019): 889–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.13382.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The energy pellet industry desires to improve processing techniques and the characteristics of fuel pellets by including additives with the feedstock. In this study, the industrial-scale pelletization of southern yellow pine (SYP) planer shavings was performed along with experiments involving the effect of production rate and moisture on the energy required for production (measured in kWh Mg-1). Multiple additives were investigated to determine their effects on southern yellow pine pelletization performance and pellet characteristics. These additives included southern-yellow-pine-derived biochar (BC), southern-yellow-pine-derived bio-oil (BO), corn starch (CS), vegetable oil (VO), sweet potatoes (SwP), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), micronized rubber powder (MRP), and mixed hardwood planer shavings (HW). A control was compared to 20 different treatments at various additive concentrations, and the effect on pellet durability, bulk density, and higher heating value was determined. The production rate of the pellets with additives varied but were able to be compared with the baseline regression line (production rate vs. energy required for production per Mg) control trials so that the appropriate amount of energy required to produce one Mg of biomass could be compared to the control. The data for the additives, which outperformed the control using the economic study, are listed below. The control, HW10%, HW 25%, HW 50%, BC 0.5%, BC 1%, BC 2%, BC 4%, MRP 1%, and BO 0.5% had a mean pellet durability index (PDI) of 97.9%, 98.1%, 98.1%, 97.7%, 98.2%, 98.6%, 98.4%, 98.7%, 98.0%, and 98.0%, respectively. The control, HW10%, HW 25%, HW 50%, BC 0.5%, BC 1%, BC 2%, BC 4%, MRP 1%, and BO 0.5% had mean bulk density values of 703.0, 700.8, 704.8, 692.2, 693.9, 695.6, 695.6, 683.2, 658.8, and 684.6 kg m-3, respectively. The mean higher heating values (HHV) for the control, HW10%, HW 25%, HW 50%, BC 0.5%, BC 1%, BC 2%, BC 4%, MRP 1%, and BO 0.5% were 19.0, 18.9, 18.6, 18.2, 19.4, 19.5, 19.6, 19.6, 19.6, and 19.2, MJ kg-1, respectively. The normalized energy requirements for production for the control, HW10%, HW 25%, HW 50%, BC 0.5%, BC 1%, BC 2%, BC 4%, MRP 1%, and BO 0.5% were 112.0, 110.5, 112.1, 115.3, 110.7, 111.7, 112.1, 118.1, 108.5, and 111.1 kWh Mg-1, respectively. An economic feasibility analysis showed that the discounted net present value (NPV) at a rate of 12% could be improved when using certain pellet additives in the feedstock. The following additives could increase the profit of the mill over just using the control: hardwood planer shavings at 10%, 25%, and 50%, biochar at 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 4%, MRP at 1% and bio-oil (with volatiles removed) at 0.5% (all on a dry basis). Keywords: Biochar, Biomass pellets, Bio-oil, Corn starch, Hardwood, Micronized rubber powder, Microcrystalline cellulose, Sweet potato, Vegetable oil.
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Casper, David P., and Ishwary P. Acharya. "220 Evaluating LactoPlan for milk replacer inclusion as a direct fed microbial for neonatal calves." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.269.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract LactoPlan™ is a direct fed microbial (DFM) produced by a proprietary solid-state fermentation process using an unique strain of lactobacillus plantarum which is shelf and heat-stable. The hypothesis was feeding LP will ease transitioning from milk replacer (MR) to calf starter (CS) by improving gut health, appetite, and minimize health challenges due to pathogens and stress. The objective was to evaluate LP in a MR feeding program. Sixty 2-to-5-d-old Holstein calves were randomly assigned to one of three treatments using a randomized complete block design. Treatments were: 1) Control: No LP fed; 2) LP1: LP fed at 4 g/calf/d; and 3) LP2: LP fed at 8 g/calf/d. Calves were fed at 0630 and 1800 h along with free choice water and 22% CP calf starter (CS). The MR feeding phase was 42 d of the 56 d experiment. Calves fed LP2 gained more (P < 0.05) BW (33.0, 36.9 and 37.7 for Control, LP1, and LP2, respectively) than calves fed Control, with calves fed LP1 being intermediate and similar (P > 0.05). The 0 to 42 d (MR feeding phase) ADG (562.9, 595.9, and 655.7 g/d) and 0 to 56 d ADG (588.6, 658.4, and673.0 g/d were greater (P < 0.05) for calves fed LP2 than calves fed Control, with calves fed LP1 being intermediate and similar (P > 0.05). The 56 d CS intake was similar (P > 0.05) among calves fed all treatments (66.3, 69.0, and 72.5 kg/ 56 d), which resulted in greater feed efficiency (0.50, 0.53, 0.52 kg gain/kg DMI) for calves fed LP1 compared with calves fed Control, with calves fed LP2 being intermediate and similar (P > 0.05). This study demonstrates that feeding neonatal calves LP can increase growth performance and feed efficiency when fed at the appropriate inclusion rates.
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Martsevich, S. Yu, Yu V. Lukina, and N. P. Kutishenko. "Pharmacoeconomic Analysis of Therapy with Generic Statin Drugs in Patients with High and Very High Cardiovascular Risk (According to the Study PRIORITY)." Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology 16, no. 5 (November 4, 2020): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2020-10-16.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim. To perform a pharmacoeconomical assessment of the use of generic statin drugs in patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk (CVR) in real clinical practice based on the data of the study PRIORITY.Material and methods. The PRIORITY study included 298 patients with high (29; 9.7%) and very high (269, 90.3%) CVR. All patients were recommended to take the reproduced drugs of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin in an individually prescribed dose. After 1 month (B1), if the target level of lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was not reached, the statin dose was titrated. After 3 months of follow-up (B3), the hypolipidemic effect of statin therapy was evaluated. 295 people completed the study, 285 patients had the results of the lipid profile. To perform a pharmacoeconomic analysis and evaluate the “cost/effectiveness” ratio, we used the prices of generic statins in one of the online pharmacies. The effectiveness of statins was determined by the LDL-C reduction, as well as by the percentage of achieving the target LDL-C level.Results. At the first stage of the pharmacoeconomic analysis, the criterion for the effectiveness of 3-month lipid-lowering therapy was a decrease in LDL-C level by 1 mmol/l. The median and interquartile range of the ratio “cost/effectiveness” indicator for atorvastatin was 658.2 (431.5; 1257.1) RUB/mmol/l, and for rosuvastatin – 621.0 (390.7; 940.6) RUB/mmol/l (p=0.45). The results of a comparative assessment of the “cost/effectiveness” ratio (with the abovementioned effectiveness indicator) in subgroups of patients with high and very high CVR, with the achievement and nonachievement of the target level of LDL-C, adherent and non-adherent to statins, revealed the economic advantage of statins in groups of adherent patients (p=0.35), high-risk patients (p<0.0001) and individuals who reached the target level of LDL-C (p=0.002) when compared with the corresponding comparison groups. Despite the revealed high effectiveness of rosuvastatin at doses of 20-40 mg/day (assessed by the cost/effectiveness of achieving the target values of LDL-C for specific doses of statins), calculation of the “cost/effectiveness” ratio for each reproduced statin, in general, showed a higher economic effectiveness of atorvastatin.Conclusion. Pharmacoeconomic analysis of therapy with generic statin drugs, performed according to the data of the non-randomized uncontrolled study, allows to justify the economic efficiency and advantages of these drugs in various subgroups of patients who need statin therapy.
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Didovich, S. V., A. N. Pas', I. L. Danilova, and O. P. Alekseenko. "BIORATIONAL METHOD OF AMBROSIA ARTEMISIIFOLIA L. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT INHIBITION." TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES 3 (27) (2021): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2021-3-27-61-74.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Currently, the search for biological agents that are alternative to chemical ones to protect agrocenoses from weeds, including quarantine objects like different types of ragweed, is relevant because they cause biological and technological damage to the environment, agriculture and have a negative impact on human health. The research was aimed at searching for biotically active elicitors of plant and microbial origin for the induction, reinforce of oxidative stress and inhibition of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. growth. Strains were searched for and studied in 2019–2020 in laboratory experiments and greenhouse trials in the Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea. Ragweed plants were grown in pots. Soil – chernozem southern. In the phase of 4–6 leaves, plants were treated with biorational preparative forms based on microbial and plant elicitors at a dose of 200 mkl/plant. For bioherbicidal composites, strains-inhibitors from the Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea collection (CCM), plant extracts from the ragweed and glycerin were used. The inhibition efficiency was evaluated three weeks after treatment. The indices of height, phytomass, antioxidant status and ragweed damage degree were taken into account. We identified seven strains that inhibited plant growth by 0.13–1.08 g/plant (37–38 %) compared to the control variants: 1) water treatment, 2) bacterization with a phytopathogenic strain of Stagonosporopsis heliopsidis from the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Plant Protection collection. For the first time, we used ambrosia BAS to develop a birational herbicide to control the ragweed. Bacterization with biorational preparative forms based on biotically active elicitors of plant and microbial origin affected the homeostasis of ragweed, induced plant stress by blocking the enzymatic activity and the antioxidant protection systems. The activity of catalases and polyphenoloxidases decreased by 2.9–85.6 and 1.2–658.0 times, respectively, with a significant correlation between themselves (r = 0.66) and the correlation of catalase activity with plant phytomass (r = 0.72). The content of glutathione decreased by 2.5–2.7 compared to the control and had significant correlations with the activity of catalases (r = 0.63) and the phytomass of ragweed (r = 0.80) (p < 0.05) depending on the components of the biohebicidal formulations.
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Mikhailova, Z. D., D. V. Pivovarov, and A. R. Pivovarova. "Features of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Combination with Oncological Diseases in Elderly and Senile Patients." Russian Archives of Internal Medicine 11, no. 2 (March 30, 2021): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.20514/2226-6704-2021-11-2-122-131.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Relevance. The presence of oncological diseases, high polymorbidity in elderly and senile patients can lead to a complicated course of acute coronary syndrome, including the development of acute kidney injury and/or chronic kidney disease, which contributes to a deterioration of the immediate and long-term prognosis and an increase in mortality.The research purposes. To study the course of acute coronary syndrome depending on the presence or absence of oncological diseases in elderly and senile people and to identify clinical and laboratory-instrumental features.Materials and methods. The study included 200 patients (men — n=122 (61 %), women — n=78 (39 %), Me age — 69 (65;77) years). The patients were divided into two groups: 1) the main group — acute coronary syndrome in combination with oncological diseases (n=100) (men — n=61 (61 %), women — n=39 (39 %), Me age — 69 (65;77) years); 2) the comparison group — acute coronary syndrome without oncological diseases (n=100). The groups were formed by the copy-pair method in a ratio of 1:1 by gender and age. All patients were evaluated for anamnesis parameters, the total number of diseases, the Charlson comorbidity index, the main clinical and laboratory-instrumental parameters and the development of complications. We collected an average portion of morning urine on the first day of hospitalization to determine the content of KIM-1 (pg/ml) in 40 patients of the main group and 47 from the comparison group. We collected daily urine on the 2nd day of hospital treatment to determine the level of K+, Na+, Cl-, uric acid and albumin.The results. Patients of the main group, according to the anamnesis, were more often diagnosed with stable angina (p = 0.042), diabetic kidney disease (p = 0.017), chronic kidney disease (p = 0.013) and anemia (p = 0.008). In addition, these patients had a higher Charleson comorbidity index [8 (6; 9) and 5 (4; 6) points; p <0.001] and a total number of diseases [6 (5; 7) and 4 (3; 5); p <0.001]. Patients with oncological diseases with the development of acute coronary syndrome more often complained of shortness of breath (p=0.008) and heart rhythm disturbance (p=0.004). In patients of the main group a lower left ventricular ejection fraction was diagnosed [51.0 (44; 55) and 54 (48; 57), p=0.013]. Acute kidney injury was more frequently diagnosed in the study group than in the comparison group (p <0.001), including acute kidney injury by “basal” creatinine (p=0.005), acute kidney injury by creatinine dynamics (p=0.047), and acute kidney injury by chronic kidney disease (p=0.003). The KIM-1 leel in patients of the main group was higher [921.0 (425.1; 1314.8) and 658.0 (345.6; 921.4) pg/ml; p=0.011]. In patients with acute kidney injury, in contrast to patients without acute kidney injury, a higher level of KIM-1 was detected [999.2 (480.8;1314.1) and 663.1 (360.5;905.2) pg/ml; p=0.008]. Patients with acute coronary syndrome and oncological diseases in the hospital were more likely to develop urgent complications (p=0.005), including death (p=0.024) and acute heart failure (p <0.001). They also had a higher incidence of early post-infarction angina (p=0.018) and anemia (p=0.005).Conclusions. Our study found that patients in the main group had a higher Charlson comorbidity index, a greater number of diseases, including stable angina, diabetic kidney disease, chronic kidney disease, and anemia. These patients with the development of acute coronary syndrome more often complained of shortness of breath and heart rhythm disturbance. Patients with oncological diseases were more often diagnosed with acute kidney damage, including “basal” creatinine, creatinine dynamics, and chronic kidney disease. The level of KIM-1 in the urine was higher in this group of patients. Patients of the main group in the hospital were more likely to develop urgent complications, including acute heart failure and death. There was also a high incidence of early post-infarction angina and anemia.
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Cappelli, L., J. Perin, C. Bingham, and A. Shah. "AB1499 TWO DISTINCT SUBSETS OF IMMUNE CHECKPOINT INHIBITOR-INDUCED INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIS DEFINED BY LATENT CLASS ANALYSIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (May 30, 2023): 1979.1–1980. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.152.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can lead to immune related adverse events, including inflammatory arthritis (IA). ICI-IA is heterogeneous and can be severe, even persisting after ICI cessation. Understanding the clinical heterogeneity of ICI-IA can guide future studies of pathogenesis and identify relevant groups for clinical trials.ObjectivesTo define clinically relevant subgroups within ICI-IA using a data driven approach and to examine differences between subgroups.MethodsParticipants were >=18 years old, treated with anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, and/or anti-CTLA-4 agents alone or in combination, and had ICI-IA diagnosed by a rheumatologist. We used information from the baseline rheumatology visit (patient reported symptoms, physical exam features, physician global arthritis rating, and laboratory studies) to cluster patients with latent class analysis. The Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) was used to select the number of phenotypes with the lowest BIC. We then compared demographics, cancer type and treatments, and IA treatments and outcomes between the estimated phenotypes. Next, we estimated the association between these features of interest and the likelihood of being in the group with the most severe IA symptoms using logistic regression.ResultsOf the 126 patients with ICI-IA, the majority of participants were female (56%) and white (92%). Most patients had a moderate or high level of disease activity by CDAI; the mean CDAI was 16.98 (SD 10.2). Eighteen variables were used to estimate latent classes. Two distinct phenotypes were indicated by the BIC; 61 patients are estimated to be the first phenotype and 65 the second phenotype. Participants in the second phenotype were more likely to have high baseline levels of patient reported pain, stiffness, and disease activity (Figure 1). There were no significant differences in age, gender, race, ethnicity or marital status between the two phenotype groups. Patients in phenotype 2 were more likely to require steroids as compared to patients in phenotype 1 and were more likely to have persistent IA (table 1). Type of ICI therapy, type of cancer, prior chemotherapy or radiation did not differ between the groups. When adjusted for age, gender, baseline steroid use, these variables remained significantly associated with the second phenotype.ConclusionTwo separate phenotypes of ICI-IA were determined with latent class analysis. Those in the group with more severe features at baseline were more likely to need corticosteroids and to have persistent IA, but there was no association with cancer history or treatment. Future research can interrogate underlying genetic and immunologic differences between groups.Figure 1.Predicted probabilities of features for two estimated phenotypesTable 1.Comparison of cancer features, arthritis treatment, and outcomes between estimated phenotypesPhenotype 1Phenotype 2FeatureNMean (SD) or N(%)NMean (SD) or N(%)pCancer relatedCancer type61650.263Melanoma20 (33%)21 (32%)Lung cancer14 (23%)16 (25%)GU cancer3 (5%)4 (6%)GI cancer5 (8%)12 (18%)Breast3 (5%)3 (5%)SCC7 (11%)1 (2%)Other9 (15%)8 (12%)Cancer Stage59640.64322 (3%)3 (5%)310 (17%)15 (23%)447 (80%)46 (72%)Prior radiation61650.850Yes20 (33%)20 (31%)Prior chemo57631.000Yes30 (53%)34 (54%)ICI class61650.757Ipi2 (3%)2 (3%)Anti-PD138 (62%)40 (62%)Anti-PD-L17 (11%)4 (6%)Combo ipi nivo13 (21%)15 (23%)Other0 (0%)2 (3%)Nivo/relatlimab1 (2%)2 (3%)ICI duration at baseline (months)619.4 (8.7)659.9 (10.0)0.767Inflammatory arthritis relatedSymptom duration at baseline (months)616.3 (7.7)658.0 (10.4)0.304Patient on steroids at baseline61650.544Yes14 (23%)19 (29%)Steroid (any)61650.010Yes47 (77%)61 (94%)Steroid injections in the joint since starting ICI ICIIICIimmunotherapy33360.585Yes7 (21%)10 (28%)Any csDMARd61650.135Yes17 (28%)27 (42%)other2 (12%)0 (0%)Any biologic61640.075Yes8 (13%)17 (27%)Erosions on imaging19270.635Yes3 (16%)2 (7%)Persistent >6 months after ICI stop54600.024Yes37 (69%)52 (87%)REFERENCES:NIL.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsLaura Cappelli Grant/research support from: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Jamie Perin: None declared, Clifton Bingham Grant/research support from: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Ami Shah Grant/research support from: Kadmon Corporation, Eicos Sciences, Medpace LLC, Arena Pharmaceuticals.
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Cannioto, Rikki, Evan Davis, Karen Hulme, Chi-Chen Hong, Carol DeNysschen, Tracey O'Connor, and Christine Ambrosone. "Abstract 2246: The impact of a waitlist control group on physical activity level in the activity after cancer treatment exercise oncology randomized pilot study." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 2246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-2246.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background: In randomized clinical trials, control conditions such as blinding are essential for mitigating threats to validity. In exercise oncology trials, researchers are unable to blind participants to randomization, which may confer unintended consequences (i.e., crossover or dropout) that may threaten validity. Despite prior suggestions that a waitlist control is optimal for lessening these consequences, to date there is little agreement concerning control conditions in exercise oncology. Further, the use of a waitlist control is complicated by concerns regarding the ethical implications of instructing participants to delay healthy behavior change. Herein, we leveraged data from the Activity after Cancer Treatment (ACT) study to evaluate the impact of randomization to a waitlist control group on objectively assessed physical activity (PA) levels in breast cancer (BC) survivors. Methods: The ACT Study (PI: Ambrosone) was a 12-week, four-arm pilot study at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center. Participants included 37 BC survivors who were randomized to either a waitlist control group (n=10), or one of three exercise interventions of varying intensities including home-based walking (n=9), home-based Zumba (n=9), or a supervised high-intensity interval training treadmill protocol (n=9) delivered by study personnel at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center. The waitlist group was asked to maintain their usual PA during the 12-week intervention. All participants received weekly phone calls to optimize engagement and ensure Fitbit data were properly synced. For the current analysis, the primary analytic exposure was randomization assignment (control or active intervention); the analytic outcomes included steps/day, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) minutes/week and total active minutes/week as measured by the Fitbit Charge 2. ANOVA was used to assess mean group differences in steps and active minutes. Results: At study conclusion, the control group accumulated significantly fewer steps/day [6,087 (±1,353)] than the active intervention groups [8,729 (±2,585), p=0.0003]. The control group also accumulated significantly fewer MVPA minutes/week [146.2 (±114.9) vs. 264.1 (±192.3), p=0.045] and total active minutes/week [1,478 (±291.0) vs. 1,976.8 (±658.6), p=0.003] in comparison to the active intervention groups, respectively. Conclusions: BC survivors randomized to active intervention accumulated significantly more steps, MVPA and total active minutes than the waitlist group. Although the waitlist was effective for minimizing PA relative to the active arms, waitlisted participants exceeded the national step average of 4800 steps/day by 1200 steps and nearly met the minimum PA recommendation of 150 minutes of MVPA/week, potentially assuaging ethical or public health concerns regarding the delay of health-seeking behavior. Citation Format: Rikki Cannioto, Evan Davis, Karen Hulme, Chi-Chen Hong, Carol DeNysschen, Tracey O'Connor, Christine Ambrosone. The impact of a waitlist control group on physical activity level in the activity after cancer treatment exercise oncology randomized pilot study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2246.
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Yallop, Deborah, Andrea GS Buggins, Chris Pepper, and Stephen Devereux. "Direct Evidence for a Chronic Antigen Driven T Cell Response In CLL Lymph Nodes." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.915.915.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Abstract 915 In this study we put forward a novel approach to investigate the T cell compartment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The role of T cells in the pathobiology of CLL has become the subject of much research due to compelling evidence that CLL is derived from antigen experienced B cells that are subject to ongoing activation. The malignant proliferation occurs particularly within the pseudofollicles of lymph nodes where the CLL cells are in close proximity with T cells and stromal cells of the microenvironment. Our group has previously shown, by multi-parameter confocal microscopy of paraffin embedded CLL lymph node biopsy sections, that almost all proliferating CLL cells are in close contact with CD4+ CD25+ FOXP3- T cells. In order to gain access to this T cell compartment and gain further insight into the phenotype and role of these T cells we have utilized the technique of lymph node fine needle aspiration (LN-FNA). Patients with a diagnosis of CLL and who have lymphadenopathy accessible to LN-FNA were invited to participate in the study. A total of 21 LN-FNAs were collected from 18 patients. The median cell yield obtained was 4.1 x106 (range 1–13×106). Multi-colour flow cytometry using antibody panels of up to 7 flurochrome combinations was performed using a BD FACSCanto II (BD Biosciences) and analyzed with FlowJo (Treestar) and GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software Inc.). Uniquely we have been able to compare the phenotype of the T cells derived from the LN-FNA with cells from the peripheral blood (PB) of the same patient taken at the same time. A panel consisting of CD3 (APC-Cy7), CD4 (PerCp-Cy5.5), CD8 (Pacific Blue), CD25 (FITC), CD40L (PE), CTLA-4 (Pe-Cy7), PD-1 (APC) was designed to investigate T cell subsets and activation markers. We found a statistically significant higher number of CD3+ T cells in the lymphocyte gate of CLL LN-FNAs (20.75% +/−13.80) compared to PB (6.25% +/− 4.06); p=0.0152. Additionally, of the CD3+ cells, there were more CD4+ cells in the LN-FNA (72.25% +/− 8.10) compared to PB (59.38% +/− 15.73); p=0.005, and conversely less CD8+ cells in the LN-FNA (17.43% +/− 6.50) compared to PB (27.43% +/− 14.18); p=0.03. The percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ cells expressing CD25, CD40L and CTLA-4 was not found to be significantly different. A further panel consisting of CD4 (PerCP-Cy5.5), CD8 (Pacific Blue), CD45RA (Pe-Cy7), CD62L (APC-Cy7), CCR7 (PE), CD28 (APC) and CD25 (FITC) was used to differentiate between effector memory, central memory and naive T cells. In the LN-FNA CD4+ cells there was a trend towards an increased effector memory phenotype compared to the peripheral blood (60%+/− 20 vs. 29%+/−13). One of the most striking observations in this study was the significantly increased mean fluorescence intensity of the exhaustion marker PD-1 on the CD4+ LN-FNA cells (1041+/− 1130) compared to PB (415.9+/− 487); p=0.0002. This was also mirrored in the CD8+ cells, LN-FNA (1342+/− 1219) compared to PB (465.8+/− 658.7); p=0.0015. Additionally significantly less PD-1 expression was observed in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from age matched normal controls confirming the relevance of these findings. Importantly, we have reproduced these observations using multi-parameter immunofluorescence microscopy on paraffin embedded CLL and normal lymph node biopsy samples. Lymph node sections were antigen retrieved and fluorescently labelled with combinations of CD4, CD23, Ki67 as well as PD-1 and then visualised using a Zeiss Axiovert LSM 510 microscope. Our results support the hypothesis that T cells in CLL are chronically stimulated by antigen within the lymph node. In addition, the results from the PB imply that either PD-1 expression is down-regulated on these cells or that the T cell pools derived from LN-FNA and PB are distinct from one another. To investigate this further we are currently examining the T cell receptor repertoires from these two compartments. In addition, it is known that expression levels of PD-L1, a ligand of PD-1, correlates with poor prognosis in many solid tumours and we are therefore investigating the role of this ligand pairing in CLL. In order to understand how this disease persists and progresses it is necessary to unravel the complex network of signals that mediate the survival and proliferation of the CLL cells. Our data suggest that T cells are part of this complex cellular crosstalk and blocking receptor ligand interactions, such as PD-1 and PD-L1, may offer potential future therapeutic targets. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Zhu, Bowen, Huan Xie, Yaozhong Chen, Li Chen, Yuting Wang, Lvjin Gao, Yi Zou, and Zhaolin Liu. "Multidimensional Heterostructure Sn‐Based (SnO2/MoS2)@C Composites as Superior Anode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries." Energy Technology, December 24, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ente.202300761.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sn‐based composites are promising anode materials for Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical specific capacity. However, the large volume expansion during lithiation, poor conductivity and poor stability limit their practical applications as anodes of LIBs. Herein, (SnO2/MoS2)@C composites with 0D/1D/2D multidimensional microstructures are successfully prepared via successive two‐step hydrothermal reactions with a subsequent multi‐coating modification and pyrolysis. Due to the structural integrity, interconnected conductive paths, and synergistic effect between the MoS2 nanosheets and SnO2 nanoparticles, the (SnO2/MoS2)@C composite shows excellent electrochemical performance as anode for LIBs. The composite is able to deliver high reversible capacities of 953.4, 797.9, 758.3, 711.9, and 658.6 mAh g−1 at current densities of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, and 2 A g−1, respectively. Furthermore, it also demonstrates good cyclic performance at 0.2 A g−1.
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Jablonskienė, Jolita, Dijana Šimkūnaitė, Jūratė Vaičiūnienė, Giedrius Stalnionis, Audrius Drabavičius, Loreta Tamašauskaitė-Tamašiūnaitė, and Eugenijus Norkus. "Carbon supported manganese(IV)–cobalt(II/III) oxides nanoparticles for high-performance electrochemical supercapacitors." Chemija 31, no. 2 (April 21, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.6001/chemija.v31i2.4220.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The carbon supported manganese(IV)–cobalt (II/III) oxides nanoparticles labelled as MnO2–Co3O4/C nanocomposites have been prepared by a simple one-step microwave-assisted heating method using different precursor materials. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) have been used for the characterization of morphology, structure and composition of the synthesized nanocomposites, whereas the electrochemical performance of the prepared nanocomposites has been evaluated by using cyclic voltammetry (CV). It was determined that the use of different precursor materials for the synthesis of the carbon supported MnO2 and Co3O4 nanocomposites results in a different morphology of the prepared substances. A high specific capacitance (Cs) of 658.8 F g−1 at a scan rate of 10 mV s−1 in a 1 M Na2SO4 solution has been obtained for the MnO2–Co3O4/C-2 nanocomposite that has a spherical shape of nanoparticles. Moreover, it significantly outperforms the MnO2–Co3O4/C-1 nanocomposite that has a lamellar shape of nanoparticles.
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Zhao, Xin, Jian-feng Liu, Xin Su, De-yong Long, Cai-hua Sang, Ri-bo Tang, Rong-Hui Yu, et al. "Direct autotransfusion in the management of acute pericardial tamponade during catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: An imperfect but practical method." Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 9 (September 23, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.984251.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
BackgroundAcute pericardial tamponade (APT) is one of the most serious complications of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF-CA). Direct autotransfusion (DAT) is a method of reinjecting pericardial blood directly into patients through vein access without a cell-salvage system. Data regarding DAT for APT are rare and provide limited information. Our present study aims to further investigate the safety and feasibility of DAT in the management of APT during the AF-CA procedure.Methods and resultsWe retrospectively reviewed 73 cases of APT in the perioperative period of AF-CA from January 2014 to October 2021 at our institution, among whom 46 were treated with DAT. All included patients successfully received emergency pericardiocentesis through subxiphoid access guided by X-ray. Larger volumes of aspirated pericardial blood (658.4 ± 545.2 vs. 521.2 ± 464.9 ml), higher rates of bridging anticoagulation (67.4 vs. 37.0%), and surgical repair (6 vs. 0) were observed in patients with DAT than without. Moreover, patients with DAT were less likely to complete AF-CA procedures (32/46 vs. 25/27) and had a lower incidence of APT first presented in the ward (delayed presentation) (8/46 vs. 9/27). There was no difference in major adverse events (death/disseminated intravascular coagulation/multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and clinical thrombosis) (0/0/1/0 vs. 1/0/0/0), other potential DAT-related complications (fever/infection and deep venous thrombosis) (8/5/2 vs. 5/3/1), and length of hospital stay (11.4 ± 11.6 vs. 8.3 ± 4.7 d) between two groups.ConclusionDAT could be a feasible and safe method to deal with APT during AF-CA procedure.
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E., Krithika, and Raajeswari, P. A. "Development and Evaluation of Vegan Egg using Soya Beans as Key Ingredient." Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, February 1, 2022, 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21048/ijnd.2021.58.s3.28414.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Vegan diet is important for health and prevents many diseases. Egg contains the protein of highest biological value. Approximately the nutritional composition of one egg is 75 calories but 7 g of high quality protein, 5 g of fat and 1.6 g of saturated fat, along with iron, vitamins, minerals and carotenoids. Interest in alternative protein sources to those derived from animal, soya and wheat is on the rise. Pulses are rich in protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals are low in fat. Soya bean pods generally contain one to three seeds within each one. The size of the soya seed ranges from 5-11 mm and seed weight from 120-180 mg/seed. They are generally a rich source of protein and filled with polyunsaturated fatty acids. With this background the present study was undertaken with the following objectives of developing a standardized vegan egg from a high protein source (soybean) to replace the egg protein. This study expounds developing techniques of vegan egg and preparing recipes for evaluation. The property of the selected protein source ensures the viscosity of the Vegan Egg developed. The soya bean vegan egg contains 658.3 kcal of energy, 35.5 g of carbohydrates, 63.3 g of protein, 29.1 mg of total fat, zero cholesterol, 483.3 mg of calcium, 525 mg of phosphorus, 108 mg of sodium, 1 mg of vitamin E and 0.30 mg of vitamin B6. Based on the type of flour used, the vegan egg is used for the suitable recipes. The study expounds developing techniques of vegan egg and preparing recipes for evaluation.
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Traby, Ludwig, Marietta Kollars, Manuel Kussmann, Matthias Karer, Hana Šinkovec, Elisabeth Lobmeyr, Alexander Hermann, et al. "Extracellular Vesicles and Citrullinated Histone H3 in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients." Thrombosis and Haemostasis, June 2, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1522-4131.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Objectives Pulmonary thrombus formation is a hallmark of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A dysregulated immune response culminating in thromboinflammation has been described, but the pathomechanisms remain unclear. Methods We studied 41 adult COVID-19 patients with positive results on reverse-transcriptase polymerase-chain-reaction assays and 37 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Number and surface characteristics of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and citrullinated histone H3 levels were determined in plasma upon inclusion by flow cytometry and immunoassay. Results In total, 20 patients had severe and 21 nonsevere disease. The number of EV (median [25th, 75th percentile]) was significantly higher in patients compared with controls (658.8 [353.2, 876.6] vs. 435.5 [332.5, 585.3], geometric mean ratio [95% confidence intervals]: 2.6 [1.9, 3.6]; p < 0.001). Patients exhibited significantly higher numbers of EVs derived from platelets, endothelial cells, leukocytes, or neutrophils than controls. EVs from alveolar-macrophages and alveolar-epithelial cells were detectable in plasma and were significantly higher in patients. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1-positive EV levels were higher in patients, while no difference between tissue factor-positive and angiotensin-converting enzyme-positive EV was seen between both groups. Levels of EV did not differ between patients with severe and nonsevere COVID-19. Citrullinated histone H3 levels (ng/mL, median [25th, 75th percentile]) were higher in patients than in controls (1.42 [0.6, 3.4] vs. 0.31 [0.1, 0.6], geometric mean ratio: 4.44 [2.6, 7.7]; p < 0.001), and were significantly lower in patients with nonsevere disease compared with those with severe disease. Conclusion EV and citrullinated histone H3 are associated with COVID-19 and could provide information regarding pathophysiology of the disease.
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Kefayat, Amirhosein, Maryam Hosseini, Fatemeh Ghahremani, Nafise Arbab Jolfaie, and Mohammad Rafienia. "Biodegradable and biocompatible subcutaneous implants consisted of pH-sensitive mebendazole-loaded/folic acid-targeted chitosan nanoparticles for murine triple-negative breast cancer treatment." Journal of Nanobiotechnology 20, no. 1 (March 31, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12951-022-01380-2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background Mebendazole (MBZ) is a well-known anti-parasite drug with significant anti-cancer properties. However, MBZ exhibits low solubility, limited absorption efficacy, extensive first-pass effect, and low bioavailability. Therefore, multiple oral administration of high dose MBZ is required daily for achieving the therapeutic serum level which can cause severe side effects and patients’ non-compliance. Method In the present study, MBZ-loaded/folic acid-targeted chitosan nanoparticles (CS-FA-MBZ) were synthesized, characterized, and used to form cylindrical subcutaneous implants for 4T1 triple-negative breast tumor (TNBC) treatment in BALB/c mice. The therapeutic efficacy of the CS-FA-MBZ implants was investigated after subcutaneous implantation in comparison with Control, MBZ (40 mg/kg, oral administration, twice a week for 2 weeks), and CS-FA implants, according to 4T1 tumors’ growth progression, metastasis, and tumor-bearing mice survival time. Also, their biocompatibility was evaluated by blood biochemical analyzes and histopathological investigation of vital organs. Results The CS-FA-MBZ implants were completely degraded 15 days after implantation and caused about 73.3%, 49.2%, 57.4% decrease in the mean tumors’ volume in comparison with the Control (1050.5 ± 120.7 mm3), MBZ (552.4 ± 76.1 mm3), and CS-FA (658.3 ± 88.1 mm3) groups, respectively. Average liver metastatic colonies’ number per microscope field at the CS-FA-MBZ group (2.3 ± 0.7) was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than the Control (9.6 ± 1.7), MBZ (5.0 ± 1.5), and CS-FA (5.2 ± 1) groups. In addition, the CS-FA-MBZ treated mice exhibited about 52.1%, 27.3%, and 17% more survival days after the cancer cells injection in comparison with the Control, MBZ, and CS-FA groups, respectively. Moreover, the CS-FA-MBZ implants were completely biocompatible based on histopathology and blood biochemical analyzes. Conclusion Taking together, CS-FA-MBZ implants were completely biodegradable and biocompatible with high therapeutic efficacy in a murine TNBC model. Graphical Abstract
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Migita, S., S. Simodai-Yamada, K. Asakura, T. Mukaiyama, Y. Okumura, and H. Hao. "P2805Initial pathological responses of third-generation everolimus-eluting stents implantation: comparison with second-generation everolimus-eluting stents." European Heart Journal 40, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.1117.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background Third-generation drug-eluting stent (3rd DES) is commonly used now in percutaneous coronary intervention, and it has not only thinner struts, easier delivery than second-generation drug-eluting stent (2nd DES), but also abluminal biodegradable polymer. Clinical superiority of 3rd DES has been demonstrated compared to 1st and 2nd DESs. However, pathological response after 3rd DES implantation remains unclear. Purpose Pathological study of coronary artery after 3rd DES implantation have not been reported as far as we have referred to the previous studies. This study aimed to examine the initial tissue response after 3rd DES and 2nd DES implantation within one year. Methods Using specimens obtained by autopsy, we compared the histology between 3rd DES (n=3, 8 histological sections) and 2nd DES (n=6, 41 histological sections) lesions within 1 year after stent implantation to evaluate early tissue reaction. Stent segments were fixed with 10% buffered formalin and embedded in plastic, followed by hematoxylin–eosin, Masson's trichrome and elastica van Gieson. Ratio of covered stent struts by neointima was calculated. The thickness of neointima and the area of fibrin deposition were morphometrically evaluated. The degree of inflammation around struts was examined semi-quantitatively (score 0–3). Results The ratio of covered struts and thickness of neointima of 3rd DES were 0.84±0.04 and 68.2±10.3μm, while those of 2nd DES were 0.69±0.05 and 30.4±4.8μm respectively. The inflammation score was similar between two groups (1.00±0.14 vs. 1.02±0.16). The area of fibrin deposition around the struts was larger in 3rd DES compared with 2nd DES (1276.6±490.3μm2 vs. 658.0±173.4μm2). These results suggest that the 3rd DES may obtain prompt as well as rich covering of struts in the initial term after DES implantation. Although the biological feature of the polymers in 3rd and 2nd DESs is different, the inflammatory responses after both 3rd and 2nd DESs implantation were similar, at least within one year after deployment. The degree of inflammation was mild, less than approximately 50 inflammatory cells (score 1) around the struts. Conclusions Our pathological analysis showed advanced healing process in 3rd DES compared with 2nd DES lesions in the viewpoint of strut coverage by neointima. Observation of long-term pathological response may be required to evaluate the superiority of bioabsorbable polymer in 3rd DES.
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Graca Santos, L., R. Ladeiras-Lopes, N. Ferreira, R. Faria, W. Ferreira, M. Carvalho, and P. Braga. "Is coronary computed tomography angiography a good choice for elders and high probability cases?" European Heart Journal 41, Supplement_2 (November 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1375.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Introduction Coronary computed tomography angiography (cCTA) is widely considered the optimal non-invasive test to rule out coronary artery disease (CAD) and the gatekeeper for invasive coronary angiography (ICA). However, its diagnostic utility in elderly patients (pts) and in cases of high pre-test probability (PTP) is still questioned. Aim To determine whether older age and high PTP are correlated with non-diagnostic cCTA scans in pts with suspected chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). Methods Single-centre retrospective study of 302 pts with suspected CAD assigned to two groups: (A) 207 pts aged ≥70 years (y); (B) 95 aged <70y. Younger pts were randomly selected from our database. We excluded pts with known history of CAD and suspected acute coronary syndrome. A 192x2 dual-source CT equipment was used. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were collected as well as scan features and findings. We defined high PTP according to clinical Morise score. Our endpoint was the obtention of diagnostic scan (all segments evaluable). Multivariate analysis was performed to assess the determinants of non-diagnostic scans. We used SPSS Statistics 22 for statistical analysis. Results Overall, mean age was 68±9y and 53% were male. Elderly pts presented more co-morbidities (hypertension: 78.3 vs 54.7%, p<0.01; hyperlipidaemia: 69.1 vs 52.6%, p<0.01; pulmonary disease: 13.0 vs 4.2%, p=0.02) and high PTP more frequently (16.9 vs 6.3%, p<0.01). Total coronary calcium score (CaS) was higher in elderly pts (382.7±658.7 vs 243.5±490.8, p=0.04); per-vessel, both left anterior descending (156.7±254.2 vs 92.2±187.8, p=0.01) and left circumflex (LCX) arteries (65.5±131.3 vs 26.8±67.6, p<0.01) showed higher CaS in the elderly. Multiple calcified plaques (≥5) were also more common in this group (60.4 vs 45.3%, p=0.01). However, the proportion of pts with CaS considered prohibitive for angiography (13.5 vs 7.4%; p=0.12) and calcium blooming artefacts impairing interpretation (14.5 vs 12.5%; p=0.65) did not differ. A diagnostic study was more frequently obtained in younger pts but without reaching statistical significance (69.1 vs 76.8%; p=0.17). Obstructive CAD was equally identified (30.3 vs 30.4%; p=0.92) with a respective per-patient accuracy of 68.4% (13/19) and 57.1% (8/14) comparing with ICA when performed. Multivariate analysis showed that LCX CaS ≥75th percentile and multiple calcified plaques (≥5) were associated with non-diagnostic cCTA scan (Figure 1). High PTP (p=0.83) and age ≥70y (p=0.61) were not associated with the endpoint. Conclusion In this comparison study of elderly and young pts undergoing cCTA for suspected CCS, age ≥70y and high PTP were not associated with non-diagnostic tests while multiple calcified lesions and severe LCX calcification predicted inconclusive studies. Our results cast hope on the applicability of cCTA to elderly pts and cases with high PTP, although larger studies are required. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None
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Rezq, Samar, Jelina Basnet, Alexandra Huffman, Ngoc Hoang, Kristin Edwards, Ahmed Abdelhameed, Tolulope Asala, Licy Yanes Cardozo, and Damian Romero. "Leptin Inhibition Ameliorates Renal Mitochondrial Dysfunction And Associated Renal Injury In Polycystic Ovary Syndrome." Physiology 38, S1 (May 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiol.2023.38.s1.5731351.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries. Renal injury, increased central adiposity and higher circulating levels of the adipokine leptin are common characteristics of PCOS. Leptin has direct renal fibrotic, hypertrophic, and albuminuric effects and can cause renal mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress leading to chronic kidney disease development. Despite increased circulating leptin level in both lean and obese PCOS women, its role in PCOS-mediated renal damage remains unknown. In a well-characterized mouse model of PCOS, we aimed to test the hypothesis that hyperandrogenemia increases central adiposity leading to hyperleptinemia, which via leptin receptors induces intrarenal mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction causing renal injury. Methods: Three-week-old peripubertal female mice were implanted with Silastic tubes filled with the non-aromatizable androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT, 8 mg) or vehicle for 12 weeks. Eight weeks post-Silastic tubes implantation, the animals were treated with the leptin receptor antagonist (LepR-Ant) pegylated leptin (2 mg/kg, ip, 3x/week) for 4 weeks. Body weight, fat mass (EchoMRI), kidney weight (gravimetry), plasma leptin (ELISA), the glomerular filtration rate (GFR, transcutaneous fluorescence), as well as the renal injury markers urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR, clinical chemistry analyzer), NGAL, and KIM1 (ELISA) were measured. Freshly isolated kidney mitochondria were used to measure mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) by Amplex Red assay. Moreover, mitochondrial complex I and complex II-driven respiration and complex IV activity were assessed using Oroboros Fluorespirometer. Results: DHT significantly (p<0.05) increased body weight (31.6 ± 2.3 vs. 23.6 ± 0.5 g), fat mass (3.5 ± 0.6 vs. 1.9 ± 0.4 g), kidney weight (365.6 ± 13.1 vs. 257.1 ± 3.7 mg), leptin (3.7-fold), UACR (1013.3 ± 56.4 vs. 658.9 ± 103.6 μg albumin/g creatinine), NGAL (6-fold), and KIM1 (3.7-fold). Moreover, PCOS mice had significantly (p<0.05) lower GFR (1067.2 ± 59.9 vs. 1335.6 ± 60.3 uL/min/100g body weight), higher mtROS driven by complexes I (3.8 ± 0.8 vs. 2.0 ± 0.3 % electron leak) and III (8.0 ± 1.8 vs. 3.7 ± 0.9 % electron leak), as well as lower complexes I, II, and IV respiration (43-71%). The LepR-Ant had no effect on kidney weight or GFR; however, it abolished DHT-induced increases in body weight and fat mass. Excitingly, the LepR-Ant inhibited mtROS generation and completely restored complex I and II respiration, which was associated with a significant reduction in the urinary renal injury markers UACR, NGAL, and KIM-1 levels (40-60%, p<0.05). Conclusion and significance: Our findings suggest that leptin via its receptor activation plays a significant role in the renal outcomes in PCOS by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. Leptin receptor blockade could be a novel therapeutic approach to ameliorate renal injury in PCOS. Supported by NIH grants NIGMS P20GM121334 to KSE, LLYC, and DGR, NIGMS P20GM104357, NHLBI P01HL51971, and American Heart Association Predoctoral Fellowship 903804 (A.M.H.). This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.
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Slim, May A., Catherine A. Vanstone, Suzanne Morin, Elham Rahme, and Hope Weiler. "The Association Among Vitamin D status, Bone Geometry and Muscle Structure in 14 to 18 y Female Adolescents with Usual Intake of < 2 Servings of Milk and Alternatives per Day." FASEB Journal 31, S1 (April 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.967.6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The associations among vitamin D status, based on serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), and bone geometry and muscle structure in adolescents is under investigated. The objective was to explore the relationships among serum 25OHD and bone and muscle parameters of the lower leg and forearm in female adolescents with usual intake of < 2 servings of milk and alternatives per day. Healthy adolescents (14 to 18 y, n=50) from the Greater Montreal area participating in a trial (NCT02236871) were divided into three groups according to serum 25OHD level (<50, n=15; 50–74.9, n= 25; and ≥75 nmol/L, n=10) at baseline. Trabecular and cortical volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), cortical thickness (CT) and bone area (BA) of the radius (4% and 66% sites), the tibia (4%, 38% and 66% sites) and muscle cross‐sectional area and density (66% sites) were obtained using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT, XCT‐2000; Stratec). Fasted venous blood was sampled to measure serum 25OHD concentration (Liaison, Diasorin). Lean mass and fat mass were acquired using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA; Hologic Discovery QDR series). This was followed by standardized anthropometry, individual topological angle (ITA) as well as 24‐hour recall for dietary calcium, vitamin D, total energy and protein intake. All data reflect baseline only. Differences among 25OHD level groups for bone and muscle parameters were tested using mixed model ANOVA with post‐hoc Bonferroni adjustment. Data are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise stated. Multivariate linear regression models, adjusting for age, height, fat mass, lean mass, ethnicity, skin color and vitamin D intake, were applied to evaluate the association between 25OHD and bone parameters. Participants (n= 50) had a mean age of 16.4 ± 1.5 y and a BMI of 21.7 ± 3.1 kg/m2 (Table 1). No significant differences among the groups were obtained for any of the bone parameters except for trabecular vBMD at the 4% tibia, where the group with 25OHD levels of >75 nmol/L revealed greater vBMD values than the group with less than 50 nmol/L (Figure 1). Muscle parameters did not differ among vitamin D status groups. After applying multivariate linear regression models, the association between 25OHD and bone parameters remained significant for trabecular vBMD of the 4% tibia (Table 2). Findings of this study support a beneficial role of vitamin D status in skeletal health of female youth. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether changes in vitamin D status over time associates with peak bone mass.Support or Funding InformationSupported by a contribution from the Dairy Research Cluster Initiative (Dairy Farmers of Canada, Agriculture and Agri‐food Canada, the Canadian Dairy Network and the Canadian Dairy Commission), Canada Foundation for Innovation and Canada Research Chairs Program Descriptive characteristics of the study population 25OHD Levels (nmol/L) Total Sample, n= 50 < 50, n=15Means ± SD 50 – 74.9, n= 25Means ± SD ≥ 75, n= 10Means ± SD 25OHD (nmol/L) 63.7 ± 27.8 38.9 ± 7.6a 60.3 ± 6.4b 109.2 ± 25.4c Age (y) 16.4 ± 1.5 16.6 ± 1.4 16.4 ± 1.7 16.1 ± 1.3 Ethnicity, white (%)1 66 40 66.7 100 Height (cm) 165.0 ± 7.0 165.9 ± 7.1 164.0 ± 7.3 166.3 ± 6.3 Weight (kg) 60.7 ± 10.8 62.8 ± 12.6 58.8 ± 10.2 62.5 ± 9.9 BMI (kg/m2) 22.2 ± 3.2 22.7 ± 3.5 21.8 ± 3.1 22.6 ± 3.1 Fat Mass (kg) 16.9 ± 5.6 18.0 ± 5.1 15.9 ± 5.6 17.7 ± 6.4 Lean Mass (kg) 42.5 ± 6.9 42.4 ± 7.8 40.6 ± 5.7 42.6 ± 4.7 Vitamin D Intake (IU/d) 108.7 ± 118.4 128.7 ± 106.1 133.6 ± 88.9 128.1 ± 95.2 Calcium Intake (mg/d) 741.4 ± 445.9 705.2 ± 469.6 727.5 ± 449.5 830.8 ± 435.0 Protein Intake (g/d) 73.3 ± 38.6 65.3 ± 36.1 77.8 ± 43.4 74.2 ± 30.4 Total Energy Intake (kcal/d) 1849.8 ± 677.7 1814.7 ± 803.5 1963.2 ± 658.3 1630.4 ± 497.6 Calcium per 1000 kcal 402.8 ± 204.5 371.9 ± 218.3 371.9 ± 192.0 494.3 ± 206.6 Physical Activity (min/wk) 386.6 ± 242.9 318.5 ± 197.1 392.0 ± 215.5 475.6 ± 346.8 Groups with different superscripts are significantly different from each other using a mixed model ANOVA (p<0.0001). Data are expressed as mean ± SD. Ethnicity was defined as 1= white and 2=non‐white including Asian, African and Hispanics. Multiple regression analysis to evaluate the relation between vitamin D status and 4% tibial trabecular volumetric bone mineral density Dependent Variable Regression Model (n=50) R‐square β SE p‐value 4% Tibia Trabecular vBMD (mg/cm3)1 0.20 25OHD (nmol/L) 1.6 0.8 0.04 Age (years) −21.2 15.7 0.2 Whole body fat mass (kg) 0.007 0.004 0.09 Whole body lean mass (kg) −0.0006 0.004 0.99 Height (cm) −1.5 3.7 0.7 Vitamin D intake (IU/d) 0.02 0.2 0.9 Ethnicity (white)2 56.8 54.3 0.4 Multiple linear regression models were used with a stepwise forward procedure to assess the independent association among the bone parameters at each bone site and the 25‐OHD values, including the following covariates (age, height, fat mass, lean mass, ethnicity and vitamin D intake). R‐Square was used as a fit criterion. A variance inflation factor was computed for each independent variable in the model to test for multicollinearity: Values more than 2 were used to indicate a multicollinearity problem in the model. In all analyses, a p‐value less than .05 was considered statistically significant. Ethnicity was defined as 1= white and 2=non‐white including Asian, African and Hispanics.
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Li, Yu, Jin Li, Yaojun Hu, Ke Wang, Hongxia Yuan, Bingjian Sun, Hong-Lian Li, and Bin Lei. "Occurrence of Root-Lesion Nematode Pratylenchus coffeae on Corn in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China." Plant Disease, April 22, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-21-1988-pdn.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pratylenchus coffeae Filipjev & Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1941, is one of the most important root-lesion nematodes (RLN) parasitizing many agronomic and industrial crops (Wang et al. 2021). Corn (Zea mays L.) is one economically important crop in China, with 35 million hectares cultivated annually (Li et al. 2019). In July 2019, a survey of RLN was carried out in corn field planting with cultivar Heyu 187 in Chuanba village in Qitai County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Five root/soil samples were collected from poor growing plants with distinct brown lesions. Nematodes were extracted from the collected root/soil samples with the modified Baermann funnel method (Hooper et al. 2005). The average of 157 RLN per 100 cm3 of soil and 43 RLN per gram of fresh root were extracted. The obtained RLN were sterilized with 0.3% streptomycin sulfate and cultured on carrot disks at 25°C. Twenty petri dishes with carrot disks, each inoculated with one female. The morphological and molecular characteristics of RLN cultured on carrot disks were examined for species identification. Morphological measurements of adult females (n=15) included body length (range = 529.0 to 658.0 μm, mean = 571.0 μm), head with two lip annuli, stylet (15.5 to 17.0 μm, 16.0 μm), tail length (27.5 to 32.5 μm, 30.5 μm), a (23.8 to 32.9, 28.5), b (5.8 to 7.1, 6.5), c (16.5 to 23.4, 18.9), and V (76.6 to 83.1%, 80.8%). Morphological measurements of adult males (n=15) were body length (range = 479.5 to 568.0 μm, mean = 516.0 μm), head with two lip annuli, stylet (14.5 to 15.5 μm, 15.0 μm), tail length (24.0 to 29.0 μm, 26.0 μm), spicule length (16.4 to 19.0 μm, 17.5 μm), gubernaculum length (4.4 to 5.3 μm, 4.9 μm), a (29.2 to 32.5, 31.0), b (5.7 to 6.9, 6.2), and c (18.2 to 22.6, 19.8). The morphological characters of this population are consistent with the description of P. coffeae (Castillo and Vovlas, 2007). Nematode DNA was extracted from an individual female. The primers of D2A/D3B (5′-ACAAGTACCGTGAGGGAAAGTTG-3′/5′-TCGGAAGGAACCAGCTACTA-3′) (Subbotin et al. 2006) and 18S/26S (5'-TTGATTACGTCCCTGCCCTTT-3' / 5'-TTTCACTCGCCGTTACTAAGG-3') (Vrain et al. 1992) were used to amplify the D2/D3 expansion region of the 28S rRNA gene and the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, respectively. The PCR products were purified and transformed to E. coli strain DH5α, and then sequenced by Sangon Biotech Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The obtained sequences of the D2/D3 region (793 bp) and the ITS region (1,242 bp) were submitted to GenBank, and the accession numbers for D2/D3 region were OK103614 and OK103619 which had 98.6% and 100% identity with the reported P. coffeae sequences (KC490925); the two obtained ITS sequences accession numbers OK103603 and OK103613) had more than 99% identity with published P. coffeae sequences from GenBank (e.g., LC030410, LC030395, MH134508 and LC030380). Hence, both morphological and molecular data demonstrated the presence of P. coffeae. To further confirm reproduction on corn, the obtained RLN population was used to inoculate corn plants in 2-liter pots containing 1.8-liter sterilized and mixed soil with 2 pastoral soil: 1 substrate in greenhouse at 27°C. About 15 days after sowing, each pot with one corn plant (cv. Heyu 187) with the same growth status was selected to inoculate P. coffeae. Five small holes near the roots were made using a glass rod. Approximately 1,000 mixed stage nematodes of P. coffeae were then pipetted into the holes of each plant. Eight replications were performed. Eight additional pots of uninoculated corn plants were used as control. After 2 months, corn roots were washed and brown lesions were observed on roots. The average number of RLN/pot was approximately 5,030 in soil and 2,870 in roots, and each pot had an average of 7.9 reproduction factors (final population/initial population), indicating that this nematode population infects and reproduces well on this corn cultivar. No nematodes and symptoms was detected in the control pot. The nematode of P. coffeae has only been reported on corn in Guangdong, Liaoning, Shangdong and Henan Provinces in China (Liu et al. 1996; Liu et al. 2001; Xia et al. 2021). To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. coffeae infecting corn in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China. Since RLN can cause considerable damage to corn, one of the most important food crops produced in China, strategic measures should be taken to prevent the spread of P. coffeae to other regions.