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1
Hirsch, Leonardo D. "HONOR Y DUELO EN LA ARGENTINA MODERNA, de Sandra Gayol." Prometeica - Revista de Filosofía y Ciencias, no. 1 (April 1, 2010): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24316/prometeica.v0i1.17.
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Calixto, Arturo Enrique Miranda, Carmen Calderón Ezquerro, María del Rocío Reyes Montes, and Judith Castellanos Moguel. "Comparison of total chitinase production in Lecanicillium lecanii. A study between Mexican native and ARSEF strains." Latin American Journal of Development 4, no. 3 (June 28, 2022): 1231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.46814/lajdv4n3-045.
Анотація:
A comparison of total chitinase activity in 12 Mexican native and 7 ARSEF strains from the entomopathogen and mycoparasite Lecanicillium lecanii was performed. For the determination of the enzymatic activity, a water-based medium was used as substrate and carbon source, supplemented with colloidal chitin stained with Remazol brilliant blue. Chitinolytic activity was determined by measuring the amount of dye released; the supernatant from the cultures was analyzed by spectrophotometry. One chitinase unit was defined as the amount of enzyme needed to elevate absorbance by 0.01 at 595 nm. Native strains EH-458 (2), EH-472, EH-572 (2); as well as reference strains EH-628 and EH-634 showed chitinolytic activity since the moment of inoculation. Higher activities were evident after 288 h in EH-348 (2) and reference EH 628 with 25.1 and 20 ChU/mL, respectively. While strains EH-627 and EH-459 showed their highest activity after 312 h with 15.7 and 36 ChU/mL. The assay allowed the detection of the response to the culture media, as well as the comparison of the total chitinase secreted during the analysis by the 19 strains. We suggest that Mexican native strains EH-348 (2) and EH-459 are highly chitinolytic organisms that could be used as Biocontrol Agents.
3
Coura Filho, Pedro, Roberto Sena Rocha, Maria Fernanda Furtado de Lima e Costa, and Naftale Katz. "A municipal level approach to the management of schistosomiasis control in Peri-Peri, MG, Brazil." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 34, no. 6 (December 1992): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651992000600008.
Анотація:
A schistosomiasis control program was implemented between 1974/87 in Peri-Peri,. MG (622 inhabitants). Molluscicide (niclosamide) was applied at three monthly intervals in water sources with Biomphalaria glabrata, and individuals eliminating Schistosoma mansoni eggs in the feces were treated annually with oxamniquine. From 1974 to 1983 the control measures were undertaken by staff of the "René Rachou" Research Center FIOCRUZ (CPqRR), and from 1984 to 1987 these measures were included in the Capim Branco basic health network activities. During both periods, the prevalence, incidence, intensity of infection and hepatosplenic form as well as the number of infected snails decreased significantly. The prevalence decreased from 43.5 to 4.4%, the incidence from 19.0 to 2.9%, the overall intensity of S. mansoni from 281 to 87 and of the hepatosplenic form from 5.9 to 0.0%. The results obtained suggest that the municipal management of control measures was as effective as the vertical program conducted by CPqRR staff.
4
Kuhar, Hannah N., Ashwin Ganti, Hannah J. Brown, Paolo Gattuso, Ritu Ghai, Mahboobeh Mahdavinia, Pete S. Batra, and Bobby A. Tajudeen. "Histopathologic Influences of Comorbid Smoking Status in Chronic Rhinosinusitis." American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 34, no. 6 (June 4, 2020): 775–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1945892420929270.
Анотація:
Background Smoking status has been established as a known irritant of the upper and lower respiratory tracts, leading to inflammation throughout the respiratory system. Tobacco smoking is one comorbidity encountered among chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients. The histopathologic features of CRS and comorbid smoking status have yet to be determined by structured histopathology and may have important implications on disease management. Methods Retrospective study of structured histopathology reports analyzing sinus tissue removed during functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Histopathology variables were compared among patients with CRS who were reported as never smokers, former smokers, or current smokers. Results A total of 285 CRS patients were included: 173 never smokers, 85 former smokers, and 27 current smokers. When compared with former smokers, current smokers demonstrated increased basement membrane thickening (88.9% vs 67.1%, P <.020). Compared with never smokers, former and current smokers collectively demonstrated increased hyperplastic changes (14.3% vs 6.9%, P < .035), increased squamous metaplasia (26.8% vs 17.3%, P < .040), and trends toward increased basement membrane thickening (72.3% vs 65.3%, P < .124) and increased fibrosis (47.3% vs 40.5%, P < .154). Conclusion Smoking status may influence histopathologic tissue-level changes in CRS disease. Interestingly, former and current smokers maintained few differences in histopathology. However, former and current smokers collectively demonstrated increased chronic inflammatory changes compared with never smokers. These findings suggest that the timing of smoking exposure has limited effect on the tissue level, rather exposure overall influences inflammatory change. These findings may have important implications on medical and surgical management of CRS disease and comorbid smoking status.
5
Bellmunt, Joaquim, Christine Théodore, Tomasz Demkov, Boris Komyakov, Lisa Sengelov, Gedske Daugaard, Armelle Caty, et al. "Phase III Trial of Vinflunine Plus Best Supportive Care Compared With Best Supportive Care Alone After a Platinum-Containing Regimen in Patients With Advanced Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Urothelial Tract." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 27 (September 20, 2009): 4454–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.20.5534.
Анотація:
Purpose Vinflunine (VFL) is a new microtubule inhibitor that has activity against transitional cell carcinoma of urothelial tract (TCCU). We conducted a randomized phase III study of VFL and best supportive care (BSC) versus BSC alone in the treatment of patients with advanced TCCU who had experienced progression after a first-line platinum-containing regimen. Patients and Methods The study was designed to compare overall survival (OS) between patients receiving VFL + BSC (performance status [PS] = 0: 320 mg/m2, every 3 weeks; PS = 0 with previous pelvic radiation and PS = 1: 280 mg/m2 subsequently escalated to 320 mg/m2) or BSC. Results Three hundred seventy patients were randomly assigned (VFL + BSC, n =253; BSC, n = 117). Both arms were well balanced except there were more patients with PS more than 1 (10% difference) in the BSC arm. Main grade 3 or 4 toxicities for VFL + BSC were neutropenia (50%), febrile neutropenia (6%), anemia (19%), fatigue (19%), and constipation (16%). In the intent-to-treat population, the objective of a median 2-month survival advantage (6.9 months for VFL + BSC v 4.6 months for BSC) was achieved (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.69 to 1.12) but was not statistically significant (P = .287). Multivariate Cox analysis adjusting for prognostic factors showed statistically significant effect of VFL on OS (P = .036), reducing the death risk by 23% (HR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.98). In the eligible population (n = 357), the median OS was significantly longer for VFL + BSC than BSC (6.9 v 4.3 months, respectively), with the difference being statistically significant (P = .040). Overall response rate, disease control, and progression-free survival were all statistically significant favoring VFL + BSC (P = .006, P = .002, and P = .001, respectively). Conclusion VFL demonstrates a survival advantage in second-line treatment for advanced TCCU. Consistency of results exists with significant and meaningful benefit over all efficacy parameters. Safety profile is acceptable, and therefore, VFL seems to be a reasonable option for TCCU progressing after first-line platinum-based therapy.
6
Wolf-Ostermann, Karin, Annika Schmidt, Benedikt Preuß, Franziska Heinze, Kathrin Seibert, Anna-Carina Friedrich, Dominik Domhoff, Claudia Stolle, and Heinz Rothgang. "Pflege in Zeiten von Corona: Ergebnisse einer deutschlandweiten Querschnittbefragung von ambulanten Pflegediensten und teilstationären Einrichtungen." Pflege 33, no. 5 (October 2020): 277–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1012-5302/a000761.
Анотація:
Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Pflegebedürftige sind aufgrund des Alters, bestehenden Vorerkrankungen und der Schwere von Krankheitsverläufen von der COVID-19-Pandemie besonders betroffen. Eine Vielzahl täglicher direkter Kontakte von Pflegekräften und Pflegebedürftigen erhöhen die Gefahr für eine Übertragung der Erkrankung. Ziel: Die Studie zielt darauf ab, (I) Fallzahlen ambulanter Pflegedienste und teilstationärer Pflegeeinrichtungen in Zusammenhang mit COVID-19, (II) personelle und materielle Ressourcen, (III) die Versorgungssituation von Pflegebedürftigen und (IV) den organisatorischen Umgang mit der Pandemiesituation zu beschreiben sowie Unterstützungswünsche an die Politik zu skizzieren. Methoden: Mehr als 12 000 ambulante und teilstationäre Pflegeeinrichtungen wurden zur Teilnahme an einer Online-Befragung eingeladen (Gelegenheitsstichprobe), 701 Pflegedienste (Rücklauf 7,3 %) und 96 teilstationäre Einrichtungen (Rücklauf 3,5 %) nahmen teil. Ergebnisse: Fast ein Drittel der befragten Pflegedienste (30,1 %, 189 / 627) sind durch (Verdachts-)Fälle von COVID-19 bei Klient_innen betroffen. Jeweils etwa die Hälfte der Dienste berichten von einer verringerten Inanspruchnahme von SGB V- (47,6 %, 288 / 605) bzw. SGB XI-Leistungen (59,7 %, 375 / 628). Zwei Drittel der teilstationären Einrichtungen (65,6 %, 63 / 96) geben an, aufgrund der Pandemie derzeit geschlossen zu sein. Ebenso berichteten fast die Hälfte der Dienste (45,8 %, 253 / 552), dass die Versorgung bei verringerter Leistungsinanspruchnahme von ambulanten Leistungen gefährdet / instabil oder sogar nicht sichergestellt sei. Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ambulant versorgten Pflegebedürftigen in der vorliegenden Pandemie – und auch mit Blick auf eine mögliche zweite Welle – eine erhöhte Aufmerksamkeit in Bezug auf prekäre Versorgungssituationen zukommen sollte.
7
Sumiati, Neneng Tati, and Syanindia Annisa Dewi. "The Relationship of Severity Level of Autism and Parent’s Unconditional Love on Children with Autism Moderated by Religiosity and Social Support." Jurnal Psikologi 20, no. 2 (October 31, 2021): 187–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jp.20.2.187-204.
Анотація:
Children with autism have difficulties in social interaction, lack of communication, and repetitive behavior. Thoseconditions make parents come to grips with several drawbacks in taking care of their autistic children. Thepurpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the severity level of autism and the unconditionallove of parents, moderated by religiosity and social support. This study was using a quantitative approach withstructural equation model (SEM) analysis. Participants in this study were 200 parents of children with AutismSpectrum Disorder (ASD) aged 2-17 years old and were selected by the non-probability sampling technique. Themeasurements applied in this study were unconditional love scale, taken from Porter Parent Acceptance scale,which consists of four items (α = .802; AVE = .628), social support scale, which consists of three items (α = .703;AVE= .628), Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality, which consists of ten items (α =.952; AVE= .699), and Childhood Autism Rating Scale, which consists of four items (α = .756; AVE= .574). Theresult indicated that the unconditional love of parents was significantly affected by severity level of autism, b = -.162; t(196) = 2.849, p = .005; religiosity, b = .534; t(196) = 7.101, p = .000; and social support, b = .157; t(196)= 2.426, p = .016. Religiosity was proven to be essential in moderating the relationship of severity level of autismand unconditional love, b = .249; t(196) = 3.262, p = .001); while social support was not, b = -.020; t(196) = .293,p = .770. Religiosity could help maintain the unconditional love of parents for their autistic children, while socialsupport was not enough to buffer stress caused by them. Thus, parents of children with autism are urged toincrease their level of religiosity
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Suttorp, Meinolf, Ralf Knoefler, Hélène Deutsch, Franziska Paul, Oliver Tiebel, Markus Metzler, and Frederic Millot. "High Platelet Counts, Thrombosis, Bleeding Signs, and Acquired Von Willebrand Syndrome at Diagnosis of Pediatric Chronic Myeloid Leukemia." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 4152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-123343.
Анотація:
Background: At diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients (pats) may present with elevated platelets (PLT) counts. Generally, high PLT counts may result in thrombosis and/or bleeding complications, the latter being due to binding of von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers to platelets. Pediatric CML is very rare (Hijiya N, Suttorp M 2019; Blood 33:2374-2384) and no systematic investigation on clinical complications of elevated PLT counts has so far been reported. Methods: Data on PLT counts and associated thrombo-hemorrhagic complications were retrospectively analyzed in newly diagnosed pediatric pats (0 - 18 yrs old) with CML in chronic phase. Data were pooled from a German pediatric trial (CML-paed II, N= 146 pats; registered as NCT00445822, [Suttorp M, et al. 2018; Leukemia 32:1657-1669], data collection closed Dec 2016) and the International registry for CML in children and adolescents (I-CML- Ped Study, N= 475 pats, registered as NCT01281735, [Millot F, et al. 2017; Haematologica 102:1704-1708], data collection closed June 2019). Results: A total of 621 pediatric pats with CML in chronic phase could be analyzed. At diagnosis 343/621 (55.2%) pats (median age 13.2 yrs, range 1.3 - 18 yrs) presented with thrombocytosis (>500 000 PLT/µl). PLT ranged from 500 000 - 1 000 000 PLT/µl in 239/621 (38.5%) pats while extremely high PLT counts (>1 000 000 PLT /µl) were present in 94/621 (11.2%) pats. Thrombosis was observed in 2/621 (0.3%) pats including priapism occurring at 655 000 PLT/µl and lower leg venous thrombosis at 1 820 000 PLT/µl. Bleeding signs (bruises, mucosal hemorrhage) being of mild nature (grade 1, grade 2, National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria v3.0) only were described in 38/343 (11.1%) pats with thrombocytosis (>500 000 PLT/µl). Bleeding occurred without correlation to elevated PLT counts but was associated in selected cases investigated with a reduced plasma concentration of large VWF multimers pointing to the diagnosis of acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS). AVWS resolved after initiation of CML treatment with imatinib. Discussion: In newly diagnosed pediatric pats with CML, pathologically high PLT counts (>500 000 PLT/µL) were detected in >50% of the cohort and extremely high platelet counts in >10%. However, associated thrombo-hemorrhagic complications were rare events affecting less than 10% (40/621= 6.4%) of the pats. Especially thrombosis was a rare (0.3%) complication whereas mild bleeding symptoms formed the majority of hemostaseological complications observed. Compared to recently published findings in adults (Sora F, et al. 2018; Br J Haematol 181:267-270, N= 1591 pats; Sandal R, et al. 2019; J Clin Oncol (Suppl) abstract #e18546, N= 2350 pats; Liu Z, et al. 2017; Onco Target Ther 10:3515-3520, N= 87 pats) the proportions of adult pats with extremely high platelet counts (Sora F: 5,5%, Sandal R: not listed; Liu Z: 25.3%) is in the same range (5% - 25%) as in pediatric patients (11.2%). Surprisingly, thrombo-hemorrhagic complications were observed more frequently in children (40/621= 6.4%) than in adults (Sora F: 9/1591= 0.5%, Liu Z: 1/85= 0.1%; Sandal R: 66/2350= 2.8%). As a word of caution this comparative analysis is weakened by its retrospective nature and a non-standardized reporting of bleeding signs. Mild bleeding signs in pats with high PLT counts can be caused by an acquired low plasma concentration of large VWF multimers as could be demonstrated in selected pediatric pats from this cohort. Systematic investigations on AVWS in children with CML have not been published so far and AVWS may be underdiagnosed in pediatric CML. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Orlowski, Andi, Chris P. Gale, Rachel Ashton, Bruno Petrungaro, Ruth Slater, Ramesh Nadarajah, J. Campbell Cowan, Jackie Buck, Wayne Smith, and Jianhua Wu. "Clinical and budget impacts of changes in oral anticoagulation prescribing for atrial fibrillation." Heart 107, no. 1 (October 28, 2020): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317006.
Анотація:
ObjectiveTo assess temporal clinical and budget impacts of changes in atrial fibrillation (AF)-related prescribing in England.MethodsData on AF prevalence, AF-related stroke incidence and prescribing for all National Health Service general practices, hospitals and registered patients with hospitalised AF-related stroke in England were obtained from national databases. Stroke care costs were based on published data. We compared changes in oral anticoagulation prescribing (warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs)), incidence of hospitalised AF-related stroke, and associated overall and per-patient costs in the periods January 2011–June 2014 and July 2014–December 2017.ResultsBetween 2011–2014 and 2014–2017, recipients of oral anticoagulation for AF increased by 86.5% from 1 381 170 to 2 575 669. The number of patients prescribed warfarin grew by 16.1% from 1 313 544 to 1 525 674 and those taking DOACs by 1452.7% from 67 626 to 1 049 995. Prescribed items increased by 5.9% for warfarin (95% CI 2.9% to 8.9%) but by 2004.8% for DOACs (95% CI 1848.8% to 2160.7%). Oral anticoagulation prescription cost rose overall by 781.2%, from £87 313 310 to £769 444 028, (£733,466,204 with warfarin monitoring) and per patient by 50.7%, from £293 to £442, giving an incremental cost of £149. Nevertheless, as AF-related stroke incidence fell by 11.3% (95% CI −11.5% to −11.1%) from 86 467 in 2011–2014 to 76 730 in 2014–2017 with adjustment for AF prevalence, the overall per-patient cost reduced from £1129 to £840, giving an incremental per-patient saving of £289.ConclusionsDespite nearly one million additional DOAC prescriptions and substantial associated spending in the latter part of this study, the decline in AF-related stroke led to incremental savings at the national level.
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Sanderson, Matt A., Robert Stout, Sarah Goslee, Jeff Gonet, and Richard G. Smith. "Soil seed bank community structure of pastures and hayfields on an organic farm." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 94, no. 4 (May 2014): 621–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-288.
Анотація:
Sanderson, M. A., Stout, R., Goslee, S., Gonet, J. and Smith, R. G. 2014. Soil seed bank community structure of pastures and hayfields on an organic farm. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 621–631. Understanding the composition of seed banks in pasture soils would help farmers anticipate and manage for weed problems. We characterized the soil seed bank in eight pastures and hayfields [two alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and two predominantly grass hayfields; two recently established and two permanent pastures] within an organic dairy farm in southeastern New Hampshire. Seed banks were sampled in the upper 5 cm of soil in each field at a point scale in 2007 and 2010. In 2010, the seed bank was characterized at the field scale by taking soil samples on six 52-m transects in each field. Seed banks sampled at the field scale in 2010 contained 66 plant species. The total number of seeds in the seed bank ranged from 1560 m−2 in grass hayfields in autumn to more than 20 000 m−2 in alfalfa hayfields in summer. Annual forbs dominated the seed bank of alfalfa fields and recently established pastures, whereas perennial graminoids dominated in one grass hayfield and the permanent pastures. These results suggest that management history affects soil seed bank composition and abundance, and these effects should be considered before implementing management practices that could stimulate recruitment from the seed bank.
11
Mamo, S., J. Kobolak, S. Becker, M. Horsch, J. Beckers, and A. Dinnyes. "289 TARGETING EFFICIENCIES AND CALCIUM-BINDING PROTEIN PROFILES OF TWO MOUSE EMBRYONIC STEM CELL LINES." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, no. 1 (2008): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv20n1ab289.
Анотація:
A concerted performance evaluation and molecular characterization of embryonic stem cells (ESC) will enable us to select cell lines more precisely. However, most of the current ESC studies focus on one or the other approach. Our aims were to compare the targeting efficiencies and gene expression profiles of mouse R1 (Nagy et al. 1993 PNAS 90, 8424–8428) and HM-1 (Selfridge et al. 1992 Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. 18, 325–336) ESCs. Cells were cultured on mitomycin C-treated mouse embryonic fibroblast feeder cell layer and grown in standard ESC medium changed daily [high glucose DMEM (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) supplemented with 0.1 mm 2-mercaptoethanol (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), fetal bovine serum (15% v/v; HyClone, Logan, UT, USA), 1000 U mL–1 murine-LIF (CHEMICON International, Temecula, CA, USA), and antibiotics (penicillin: 50 U mL–1, streptomycin: 50 µg mL–1 (Sigma)]. Kinase-inactive murine Tyk2 (Tyk2K923E) vector was constructed by mutating the invariant lysine in the ATP-binding site of the kinase domain. From both ESC lines, 3 � 106 cells each were nucleoporated using the Amaxa A23, A24, and A30 programs (Amaxa Biosystems, Cologne, Germany), and the percentages of positive clones after PCR and Southern blot analyses were scored. For expression profiling, total RNA was isolated from aliquots of R1 ESC at passage 13 and HM-1 ESC at passage 23 using RNeasy Midi kit (Qiagen, D�sseldorf, Germany) procedures. Fifteen µg of total RNA each from the contrasting samples were used for reverse transcription, labeled with either Cy3 or Cy5 dye (Amersham, Freiburg, Germany), and hybridized to the cDNA arrays containing over 21 000 sequences. The microarray results of four independent hybridizations were analyzed to identify differentially regulated genes, and four randomly selected genes were verified by real-time PCR analyses. There was no significant difference at program A23 for the percentage of positive clones [(2.5% R1) and (2.4% HM-1)]. However, as the program number increased (A24, A30), the efficiency of R1 ESC improved (4.7% and 6%, respectively), while that of HM-1 ESC worsened (2.4% and 0%), and these differences between the cell lines were significant (P < 0.05). The gene expression profiles revealed a number of calcium-binding proteins that were significantly (P < 0.01) down-regulated in the HM-1 ESCs compared to R1 ESC, and these were verified by using independent analyses of real-time PCR that confirmed the microarray results. Thus, the variations in the targeting efficiency can be partially explained by differences in the calcium-binding protein levels of these ESCs. An earlier study (Fierro and Liano 1996 J. Physiol. 496, 617–625) described the tolerance and buffering capacity of other cell types with higher calcium-binding protein levels.
12
Blanchet, Didier, and Jean-Noël Biraben. "Essai sur le mouvement de la population de Paris et de ses environs depuis le XVIe siècle." Population Vol. 53, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 215–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/popu.p1998.53n1-2.0248.
Анотація:
Résumé Biraben (Jean-Noël), Blanchet (Didier).- Essai sur le mouvement de la population de Paris et de ses environs depuis le XVIe siècle Représentant peut-être 15 % de la population urbaine de la France, Paris, malgré la perte de ses registres d'état civil en 1871, ne pouvait être négligé dans l'enquête nationale de reconstitution du mouvement de la population. Sur les 5 millions d'actes détruits, qui allaient de 1515 à 1859, 2,9 millions ont été reconstitués par la commission officielle de l'état civil, environ 0,2 million par la seconde reconstitution des Archives de Paris, 56 000 antérieurs à 1650 avaient été recopiés par Laborde, et à peu près autant par Guiblet. Avec diverses autres copies, on peut estimer à 3,3 millions le nombre d'actes rétablis. La représentativité de ce matériel disparate, testé par comparaison avec les relevés statistiques de l'époque, est plus incertaine lorsqu'on remonte dans le temps ; nous avons tenté avec lui une reconstitution numérique du mouvement de la population de Paris. Selon les registres de 87 paroisses sur les 202 qui entourent Paris à moins de 20 km, les aléas annuels présentent une bonne covariation qui laisse penser que la courbe de Paris n'est pas sans fondements. Nous nous sommes appuyés aussi sur les recensements les plus crédibles de Paris, soit 294 000 habitants en 1565, 220 000 après le siège de 1590, 440 000 en 1636, 480 000 en 1684, peut-être 529 000 en 1767, et 609 000 en 1792. Malgré de nombreuses tentatives pour borner la croissance de Paris (1548, 1644, 1672, 1719...) la population de la ville n'est restée stationnaire qu'entre 1672 et 1719, lors de la création de quatre villes nouvelles satellites.
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Blanchet, Didier, and Jean-Noël Biraben. "Essay on the Population of Paris and its Vicinity Since the Sixteenth Century (Population, 1-2, 1998)." Population Vol. 54, HS1 (December 1, 1999): 155–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/popu.p1999.11n1.0188.
Анотація:
Résumé Biraben (Jean-Noël), Blanchet (Didier).- Essai sur le mouvement de la population de Paris et de ses environs depuis le XVIe siècle Représentant peut-être 15 % de la population urbaine de la France, Paris, malgré la perte de ses registres d'état civil en 1871, ne pouvait être négligé dans l'enquête nationale de reconstitution du mouvement de la population. Sur les 5 millions d'actes détruits, qui allaient de 1515 à 1859, 2,9 millions ont été reconstitués par la commission officielle de l'état civil, environ 0,2 million par la seconde reconstitution des Archives de Paris, 56 000 antérieurs à 1650 avaient été recopiés par Laborde, et à peu près autant par Guiblet. Avec diverses autres copies, on peut estimer à 3,3 millions le nombre d'actes rétablis. La représentativité de ce matériel disparate, testé par comparaison avec les relevés statistiques de l'époque, est plus incertaine lorsqu'on remonte dans le temps ; nous avons tenté avec lui une reconstitution numérique du mouvement de la population de Paris. Selon les registres de 87 paroisses sur les 202 qui entourent Paris à moins de 20 km, les aléas annuels présentent une bonne covariation qui laisse penser que la courbe de Paris n'est pas sans fondements. Nous nous sommes appuyés aussi sur les recensements les plus crédibles de Paris, soit 294 000 habitants en 1565, 220 000 après le siège de 1590, 440 000 en 1636, 480 000 en 1684, peut-être 529 000 en 1767, et 609 000 en 1792. Malgré de nombreuses tentatives pour borner la croissance de Paris (1548, 1644, 1672, 1719...) la population de la ville n'est restée stationnaire qu'entre 1672 et 1719, lors de la création de quatre villes nouvelles satellites.
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Dörner, T., Y. Tanaka, M. Mosca, I. N. Bruce, M. Cardiel, E. F. Morand, M. A. Petri, et al. "POS0714 POOLED SAFETY ANALYSIS OF BARICITINIB IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: RESULTS FROM THREE RANDOMISED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, CLINICAL TRIALS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 639.1–639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2375.
Анотація:
BackgroundBaricitinib (BARI), an oral selective inhibitor of Janus kinase 1 and 2 approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and atopic dermatitis, has been evaluated in clinical studies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).ObjectivesTo assess the safety profile of BARI in patients with SLE.MethodsPatients with SLE receiving stable background therapy were randomised 1:1:1 to BARI 2-mg, 4-mg, or placebo (PBO) once daily in one 24-week, phase 2 (NCT02708095) and two 52-week, phase 3, PBO controlled studies (NCT03616912 and NCT03616964).ResultsA total of 1,849 patients were included in this pooled analysis, representing 1,463.5 patient years of exposure (PYE). The incidence rates per 100 PYR at risk (IR/100 PYR) for serious adverse events (SAEs) were 9.5, 14.7, and 14.1 respectively for PBO, BARI 2-mg, and BARI 4-mg. There were no clinically meaningful differences between treatment groups for discontinuations due to AEs or death (Table 1).Table 1.Overview of safety measures of baricitinib in patients with SLESafety measurePBOBARI 2-mgBARI 4-mgPooled-BARIN=614N=621N=614N=1235PYE=488.1PYE=494.0PYE=481.4PYE=975.4n(%)n(%)n(%)n(%)PYRPYRPYRPYR[IR; 95%CI][IR; 95%CI][IR; 95%CI][IR; 95%CI]SAEs45 (7.3)70 (11.3)*65 (10.6)*135 (10.9)*473.2476.6461.9938.5[9.5; 6.9, 12.7][14.7; 11.5, 18.6][14.1; 10.9, 17.9][14.4; 12.1, 17.0]Discontinuation of study drug due to AE48 (7.8)58 (9.3)57 (9.3)115 (9.3)485.3492.3480.6973.0[9.9; 7.3, 13.1][11.8; 8.9, 15.2][11.9; 9.0, 15.4][11.8; 9.8, 14.2]Death4 (0.7)1 (0.2)4 (0.7)5 (0.4)488.2494.0481.5975.5[0.8; 0.2, 2.1][0.2; 0.0, 1.1][0.8; 0.2, 2.1][0.5; 0.2, 1.2]Serious infections12 (2.0)22 (3.5)28 (4.6)*50 (4.0)*484.3487.2472.5959.7[2.5; 1.3, 4.3][4.5; 2.8, 6.8][5.9; 3.9, 8.6][5.2; 3.9, 6.9]Herpes Zoster18 (2.9)17 (2.7)29 (4.7)46 (3.7)481.1486.5468.6955.1[3.7; 2.2, 5.9][3.5; 2.0, 5.6][6.2; 4.1, 8.9][4.8; 3.5, 6.4]VTEs#6 (1.2)3 (0.6)1 (0.2)4 (0.4)444.0450.2438.1888.3[1.4; 0.5, 2.9][0.7; 0.1, 1.9][0.2; 0.0, 1.3][0.5; 0.1, 1.2]MACE#01 (0.2)3 (0.6)4 (0.4)443.9450.1438.1888.3[0.0; NA, 0.8][0.2; 0.0, 1.2][0.7; 0.1, 2.0][0.5; 0.1, 1.2]Malignancy excluding NMSC2 (0.3)3 (0.5)2 (0.3)5 (0.4)488.0494.1481.4975.5[0.4; 0.0, 1.5][0.6; 0.1, 1.8][0.4; 0.1, 1.5][0.5; 0.2, 1.2]NMSC2 (0.3)000*486.7494.0481.4975.4[0.4; 0.0, 1.5][0.0; NA, 0.7][0.0; NA, 0.8][0.0; NA, 0.4]Data are n (%) patients PYR [IR; 95% CI]. #Phase 2 study data not included. AE=adverse event; CI=confidence interval; MACE=major adverse cardiac event; NMSC=non-melanoma skin cancers; VTE=venous thrombotic event (includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism); IR=incidence rate (100 times the number of patients reporting an adverse event divided by the event-specific exposure to treatment); N=number of patients in the analysis population; n=number of patients in the specified category; PYE=patient-year of exposure; PYR=patient years at risk; SAE=serious adverse event. *p≤0.05 vs placebo.The IR/100 PYR for serious infections were 2.5, 4.5, and 5.9 respectively for PBO, BARI 2-mg, and BARI 4-mg. The risk of Herpes Zoster was higher in BARI 4-mg (4.7%) vs PBO (2.9%) (Table 1).The IR/100 PYR for positively adjudicated venous thrombotic events (VTEs) were 1.4, 0.7, and 0.2 respectively for PBO, BARI 2-mg, and BARI 4-mg. The IR/100 PYR for positively adjudicated major adverse cardiac event (MACE) was numerically higher in BARI 2-mg (0.2) and BARI 4-mg (0.7) vs PBO (0.0), however the pooled-BARI IR/PYR (0.5) was within the range of background disease (1). No increased risk for malignancies was observed.ConclusionThe safety profile of BARI in SLE patients was consistent with the known BARI safety profile. There was no increased risk of VTE in BARI treatment groups.References[1]Barbhaiya M, Feldman CH, et al. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2017;69(9):1823-31.Disclosure of InterestsThomas Dörner Speakers bureau: Eli Lilly and Company and Roche, Consultant of: AbbVie, Celgene, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen, Novartis, Roche, Samsung and UCB, Grant/research support from: Chugai, Janssen, Novartis and Sanofi, Yoshiya Tanaka Speakers bureau: Gilead, Abbvie, Behringer-Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Chugai, Amgen, YL Biologics, Eisai, Astellas, Bristol-Myers, Astra-Zeneca, Consultant of: Eli Lilly, Daiichi-Sankyo, Taisho, Ayumi, Sanofi, GSK, Abbvie, Grant/research support from: Asahi-Kasei, Abbvie, Chugai, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Eisai, Takeda, Corrona, Daiichi-Sankyo, Kowa, Behringer-Ingelheim, Marta Mosca Speakers bureau: Eli Lilly, GSK, Astra Zeneca, Consultant of: Eli Lilly, GSK, Astra Zeneca, Ian N. Bruce Speakers bureau: GSK, Astra Zeneca, UCB, Consultant of: Eli Lilly, GSK, UCB, BMS, Merck Serono, Astra Zeneca, IL-TOO, Aurinia, Grant/research support from: GSK, Janssen, Mario Cardiel Speakers bureau: Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Abbvie, Consultant of: Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Gilead, Roche, Janssen, Eric F. Morand Speakers bureau: AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Consultant of: Amgen, AstraZeneca, Asahi Kasei, Biogen, BristolMyersSquibb, Capella, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Neovacs, Sanofi, Servier, UCB, Wolf, Grant/research support from: Janssen, AstraZeneca, BristolMyersSquibb, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, GlaxoSmithKline, Michelle A Petri Consultant of: Eli Lilly, Grant/research support from: Eli Lilly, Maria Silk Shareholder of: Eli Lilly, Employee of: Eli Lilly, christina dickson Shareholder of: Eli Lilly, Employee of: Eli Lilly, Gabriella Meszaros Shareholder of: Eli Lilly, Employee of: Eli Lilly, Maher Issa Shareholder of: Eli Lilly, Employee of: Eli Lilly, Lu Zhang Shareholder of: Eli Lilly, Employee of: Eli Lilly, Daniel J. Wallace Consultant of: Amgen, Eli Lilly and Company, EMD Merck Serono and Pfizer
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Javalkar, Prakash, Lucy Platt, Ravi Prakash, Tara S. Beattie, Martine Collumbien, Mitzy Gafos, Satyanarayana Ramanaik, et al. "Effectiveness of a multilevel intervention to reduce violence and increase condom use in intimate partnerships among female sex workers: cluster randomised controlled trial in Karnataka, India." BMJ Global Health 4, no. 6 (November 2019): e001546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001546.
Анотація:
IntroductionSamvedana Plus is a multilevel intervention working with sex workers, their intimate partners (IPs) and communities to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV) and to increase condom use within intimate relationships of sex workers in Northern Karnataka, India.MethodsA cluster randomised controlled trial in 47 villages. Female sex workers with IPs in the last 6 months were eligible for baseline (2014), midline (2016) and endline (2017) surveys. 24 villages were randomised to Samvedana Plus and 23 to a wait-list control. Primary outcomes among sex workers included experience of physical and/or sexual IPV or severe physical/sexual IPV in the last 6 months and consistent condom use with their IP in past 30 days. Analyses adjusted for clustering and baseline cluster-level means of outcomes.ResultBaseline (n=620) imbalance was observed with respect to age (33.9 vs 35.2) and IPV (31.4% vs 45.0%). No differences in physical/sexual IPV (8.1% vs 9.0%), severe physical/sexual IPV (6.9% vs 8.7%) or consistent condom use with IPs (62.5% vs 57.3%) were observed by trial arm at end line (n=547). Samvedana Plus was associated with decreased acceptance of IPV (adjusted OR (AOR)=0.62, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.94, p=0.025), increased awareness of self-protection strategies (AOR=1.73, 95% CI=1.04–2.89, p=0.035) and solidarity of sex workers around issues of IPV (AOR=1.69, 95% CI=1.02–2.82, p=0.042). We observed an increase in IPV between baseline (25.9%) and midline (63.5%) among women in Samvedana Plus villages but lower in comparison villages (41.8%–44.3%) and a sharp decrease at end line in both arms (~8%).ConclusionWe found no evidence that Samvedana Plus reduced IPV or increased condom use, but it may impact acceptance of IPV, increase knowledge of self-protection strategies and increase sex worker solidarity. Inconsistencies in reported IPV undermined the ability of the trial to assess effectiveness.Trial registration numberNCT02807259.
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Foroozanfard, Fatemeh, Maesoomeh Talebi, Mansooreh Samimi, Sahar Mehrabi, Bita Badehnoosh, Mehri Jamilian, Maryam Maktabi, and Zatollah Asemi. "Effect of Two Different Doses of Vitamin D Supplementation on Metabolic Profiles of Insulin-Resistant Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial." Hormone and Metabolic Research 49, no. 08 (July 5, 2017): 612–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-112346.
Анотація:
AbstractThe current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of 2 different doses of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic profiles of insulin-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on 90 insulin-resistant patients with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria aged 18–40 years old. Participants were randomly allocated into 3 groups to receive either 4 000 IU of vitamin D (n=30) or 1 000 IU of vitamin D (n=30) or placebo (n=30) per day for 12 weeks. Vitamin D supplementation (4 000 IU), compared with vitamin D (1 000 IU) and placebo, led to reduced fasting plasma glucose (−4.3±8.6 vs. −4.7±7.1 and +0.1±6.7 mg/dl, respectively, p=0.02), serum insulin concentrations (−2.7±2.7 vs. −1.4±4.2 and −0.1±4.1 μIU/ml, respectively, p=0.02), and HOMA-IR (−0.6±0.6 vs. −0.4±1.0 and −0.1±0.9, respectively, p=0.02). In addition, we found significant decreases in mean change of serum triglycerides (−10.3±7.3 vs. −3.6±14.5 and +6.9±23.8 mg/dl, respectively, p=0.001), VLDL- (−2.0±1.5 vs. −0.7±2.9 and +1.4±4.8 mg/dl, respectively, p=0.001), total- (−14.0±9.5 vs. −6.2±24.0 and +7.1±29.7 mg/dl, respectively, p=0.002), LDL- (−10.8±8.3 vs. −5.7±21.9 and +6.8±28.2 mg/dl, respectively, p=0.005), and total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio (−0.2±0.3 vs. −0.1±0.6 and +0.2±0.7 mg/dl, respectively, p=0.003) in the high-dose vitamin D group compared with low-dose vitamin D and placebo groups. Overall, vitamin D supplementation at a dosage of 4 000 IU/day for 12 weeks in insulin-resistant patients with PCOS had beneficial effects of glucose metabolism and lipid profiles compared with 1 000 IU/day of vitamin D and placebo groups.
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Zhang, Lei, Beibei Wang, and Yi Huang. "Impact of anastomotic leakage on survival after surgery for gastric carcinoma: A PRISMA systematic review and meta-analysis." Medicine 102, no. 40 (October 6, 2023): e35417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000035417.
Анотація:
Background: The long-term survival of postoperative anastomotic leakage (AL) following gastric cancer (GC) surgery is still debating. Our aim was to investigate the association between AL and survival of the patients following GC. Methods: We searched articles in databases from inception to July 2023 to retrieve literature related to postoperative AL and survival of GC patients. We evaluated the association of postoperative AL and survival of GC patients using the software STAT10.0. Results: Seven articles with 6209 GC patients were included. Our results showed that the postoperative AL were associated with pooled 1-year patient overall survival (OS) result in an odds ratio (OR) of 0.504 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.372–0.682; I 2 = 84.1%; P = .000), pooled 3-year patient OS (OR = 0.467, 95% CI: 0.356–0.614; I 2 = 85.3%; P = .000) and pooled 5-year patient OS (OR = 0.370, 95% CI: 0.171–0.805; I 2 = 82.5%; P = .012). The P value of Egger test were 0.759, 0.187, 0.175. The postoperative AL were associated with pooled 1-year patient disease-free survival (DFS) result in an OR of 0.538 (95% CI: 0.171–1.691; I 2 = 89.0%; P = .289), the pooled 3-year patient DFS (OR = 0.143, 95% CI: 0.119–1.431; I 2 = 91.7%; P = .163), and the pooled 5-year patient DFS (OR = 0.344, 95% CI: 0.088–1.338; I 2 = 91.0%; P = .124), and the P value of Egger test of pooled 1-, 3-, and 5-year DFS were 0.759, 0.247, 0.07. Conclusion: Postoperative AL was correlated with a worse OS in GC patients, but not correlated with DFS in GC patients, but more studies are required to confirm this conclusion.
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Ejlertsen, Bent, Maj-Britt Jensen, Kirsten V. Nielsen, Eva Balslev, Birgitte B. Rasmussen, Gro L. Willemoe, Pernille B. Hertel, Ann S. Knoop, Henning T. Mouridsen, and Nils Brünner. "HER2, TOP2A, and TIMP-1 and Responsiveness to Adjuvant Anthracycline-Containing Chemotherapy in High-Risk Breast Cancer Patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 28, no. 6 (February 20, 2010): 984–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.24.1166.
Анотація:
Purpose To evaluate whether the combination of HER2 with TIMP-1 (HT) or TOP2A with TIMP-1 (2T) more accurately identifies patients who benefit from cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and fluorouracil (CEF) compared with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) than these markers do when analyzed individually. Patients and Methods The Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group (DBCG) 89D trial randomly assigned 980 high-risk Danish breast cancer patients to CMF or CEF. Archival tumor tissue was analyzed TIMP-1, and HER2-negative and TIMP-1 immunoreactive tumors were classified as HT nonresponsive and otherwise HT responsive. Similarly, the 2T panel was constructed by combining TOP2A and TIMP-1; tumors with normal TOP2A status and TIMP-1 immunoreactivity were classified as 2T-nonresponsive and otherwise 2T-responsive. Results In total, 623 tumors were available for analysis, of which 154 lacked TIMP-1 immunoreactivity, 188 were HER2 positive, and 139 had a TOP2A aberration. HT status was a statistically significant predictor of benefit from CEF compared with CMF (Pinteraction = .036 for invasive disease–free survival [IDFS] and .047 for overall survival [OS]). The 269 (43%) patients with a 2T-responsive profile had a significant reduction in IDFS events (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.69; P < .001) and OS events (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.77; P < .001). 2T status was a highly significant predictor of benefit from CEF compared with CMF (Pinteraction < .0001 for IDFS and .004 for OS). Conclusion The 2T profile is a more accurate predictor of incremental benefit from anthracycline-containing chemotherapy than HER2, TIMP-1, or TOP2A individually, and compared with these, 2T classifies a larger proportion of patients as sensitive to anthracyclines.
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Harrowfield, Jack M., Raj Pal Sharma, Todd M. Shand, Brian W. Skelton, and Allan H. White. "Structural Systematics of 2/4-Nitrophenoxide Complexes of Closed-Shell Metal Ions. I 2-Nitrophenoxides of Group 1." Australian Journal of Chemistry 51, no. 8 (1998): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c97098.
Анотація:
Room-temperature, single-crystal X-ray studies are recorded for the variously hydrated Group 1 metal derivatives of 2-nitrophenol (2-npH = C6H5NO3). A provisional determination is reported for Li(2-np).½H2O, set as monoclinic, P21/c, a 3·535(3), b 15·06(1), c 24·42(2) Å, β 91·7(1)°, Z = 8, conventional R on F currently 0·18 for No 875 ‘observed’ (I > 3σ(I)) reflections. Na(2-np).H2O is monoclinic, C2/c, a 34 ·23(2), b 3·624(4), c 35·48(2) Å, β 91·24(4)°, Z = 24, R 0·060 for No 1371. Rb(2-np).½ H2O is monoclinic, C2/c (isomorphous with the previously determined potassium analogue), a 25·269(9), b 5·381(5), c 12·010(3) Å, β 105·35(3)°, Z = 8, R 0·046 for No 1380. Cs(2-np).½H2O is monoclinic, P21/n, a 7·648(3), b 26·19(1), c 8·713(6) Å, β 111·75(2)°, Z = 8, R 0·061 for No 2347. All compounds except the lithium derivative are two-dimensional polymeric sheets in which the aromatic rings project to either side of a core of metal atoms coordinated by a web of 2-nitrophenoxide oxygen atoms in various bridging functionalities. The lithium compound is a novel ‘stair’ polymer with two crystallographically independent lithium atoms at successive independent Li–O crossbars, the oxygen atoms of which are phenoxide-Oof each of the two independent ligands. The lithium atoms are alternately four- and five-coordinate, the fourth coordination site of the first being occupied by the water molecule oxygen atom, while the fourth and fifth sites of the second are occupied by the cis-2-nitro oxygen atoms of the two ligands
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Hyman, David M., Lillian M. Smyth, Mark T. A. Donoghue, Shannon N. Westin, Philippe L. Bedard, Emma J. Dean, Hideaki Bando, et al. "AKT Inhibition in Solid Tumors With AKT1 Mutations." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 20 (July 10, 2017): 2251–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.73.0143.
Анотація:
Purpose AKT1 E17K mutations are oncogenic and occur in many cancers at a low prevalence. We performed a multihistology basket study of AZD5363, an ATP-competitive pan-AKT kinase inhibitor, to determine the preliminary activity of AKT inhibition in AKT-mutant cancers. Patients and Methods Fifty-eight patients with advanced solid tumors were treated. The primary end point was safety; secondary end points were progression-free survival (PFS) and response according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). Tumor biopsies and plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) were collected in the majority of patients to identify predictive biomarkers of response. Results In patients with AKT1 E17K–mutant tumors (n = 52) and a median of five lines of prior therapy, the median PFS was 5.5 months (95% CI, 2.9 to 6.9 months), 6.6 months (95% CI, 1.5 to 8.3 months), and 4.2 months (95% CI, 2.1 to 12.8 months) in patients with estrogen receptor–positive breast, gynecologic, and other solid tumors, respectively. In an exploratory biomarker analysis, imbalance of the AKT1 E17K–mutant allele, most frequently caused by copy-neutral loss-of-heterozygosity targeting the wild-type allele, was associated with longer PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.41; P = .04), as was the presence of coincident PI3K pathway hotspot mutations (HR, 0.21; P = .045). Persistent declines in AKT1 E17K in cfDNA were associated with improved PFS (HR, 0.18; P = .004) and response ( P = .025). Responses were not restricted to patients with detectable AKT1 E17K in pretreatment cfDNA. The most common grade ≥ 3 adverse events were hyperglycemia (24%), diarrhea (17%), and rash (15.5%). Conclusion This study provides the first clinical data that AKT1 E17K is a therapeutic target in human cancer. The genomic context of the AKT1 E17K mutation further conditioned response to AZD5363.
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Pethrus, Carl-Martin, Kari Johansson, Kristian Neovius, Johan Reutfors, Johan Sundström, and Martin Neovius. "Suicide and all-cause mortality in Swedish deployed military veterans: a population-based matched cohort study." BMJ Open 7, no. 9 (September 2017): e014034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014034.
Анотація:
ObjectiveTo investigate suicide and mortality risk in deployed military veterans versus non-deployed comparators who had gone through military conscription testing.DesignPopulation-based matched cohort study.SettingSweden.ParticipantsParticipants were identified from the Military Service Conscription Register and deployment status from the Swedish Military Information Personnel Register. Of 1.9 million conscripts, 21 721 had deployed at some time between 1990 and 2013 (deployed military veterans). Non-deployed comparators were matched to deployed military veterans in two ways: (1) by cognitive ability, psychological assessment, mental health, body mass index, sex, birth-year and conscription-year (carefully matched), with further adjustment for exercise capacity and suicide attempt history; and (2) by sex, birth-year and conscription-year (age- and sex-matched).Main outcomeSuicide retrieved from the Swedish National Patient and Causes of Death Register until 31 December 2013.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 12 years, 39 and 211 deaths by suicide occurred in deployed military veterans (n=21 627) and carefully matched non-deployed comparators (n=107 284), respectively (15 vs 16/100 000 person-years; adjusted HR (aHR) 1.07; 95% CI 0.75 to 1.52; p=0.72) and 329 in age- and sex-matched non-deployed comparators (n=108 140; 25/100 000 person-years; aHR 0.59; 95% CI 0.42 to 0.82; p=0.002). There were 284 and 1444 deaths by suicide or attempted suicides in deployed military veterans and carefully matched non-deployed comparators, respectively (109 vs 112; aHR 0.99; 95% CI 0.88 to 1.13; p=0.93) and 2061 in age- and sex-matched non-deployed comparators (158; aHR 0.69; 95% CI 0.61 to 0.79; p<0.001). The corresponding figures for all-cause mortality for carefully matched non-deployed comparators were 159 and 820 (61 vs 63/100 000 person-years; aHR 0.97; 95% CI 0.82 to 1.15; p=0.71) and 1289 for age- and sex-matched non-deployed comparators (98/100 000 person-years; aHR 0.62; 95% CI 0.52 to 0.73; p<0.001).ConclusionDeployed military veterans had similar suicide and mortality risk as non-deployed comparators after accounting for psychological, psychiatric and physical factors. Studies of mental health in deployed veterans need to adjust for more factors than age and sex for comparisons to be meaningful.
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Beshgetoor, Donna, and Jeanne F. Nichols. "Dietary Intake and Supplement Use in Female Master Cyclists and Runners." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 13, no. 2 (June 2003): 166–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.13.2.166.
Анотація:
This study compared the dietary intakes of supplementing (SA) and non-supplementing athletes (NSA). Twenty-five female master athletes (mean age = 50.4 yr) participated in the study (SA = 16, NSA = 9). Four-day diet records were analyzed using Nutritionist V. Statistical significance (p < .005) was determined by independent t tests. No significant differences were observed in intakes of kilocalories (SA = 2079 ± 628 kcals, NSA = 2001 ± 435 kcals), protein (SA = 104 ± 75 g, NSA = 84 ± 35 g), fat (SA = 65 ± 39 g, NSA = 61 ± 22 g), or carbohydrates (SA = 269 ± 112 g, NSA = 277 ± 43 g). Mean intakes exceeded Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) guidelines for all micro-nutrients except calcium and vitamin E (NSA = 79% and 87% of DRI, respectively). SA had significantly greater total intakes than NSA for calcium (p = .0001), magnesium (p = .004), vitamin C (p = .003), and vitamin E (p = .001). Results suggest that female master athletes may rely on dietary supplements rather than nutrient-dense food choices to provide daily nutritional needs.
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Peterson, Patricia, Paula McNabb, Sai Ramya Maddali, Jennifer Heath, and Scott Santibañez. "Engaging Communities to Reach Immigrant and Minority Populations: The Minnesota Immunization Networking Initiative (MINI), 2006-2017." Public Health Reports 134, no. 3 (March 26, 2019): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354919834579.
Анотація:
In Minneapolis–St Paul, Minnesota, factors such as cultural and linguistic diversity make it difficult for public health agencies to reach immigrant and racial/ethnic minority populations with health initiatives. Founded in 2006, the Minnesota Immunization Networking Initiative (MINI) is a community project that has provided more than 80 000 free influenza vaccinations to vulnerable populations, including immigrants and racial/ethnic minority groups. MINI administered 5910 vaccinations through 99 community-based vaccination clinics during the 2017-2018 influenza season and surveyed the clients in their own language about influenza vaccination knowledge and practices. Among those surveyed, 2545 (43.1%) were uninsured and 408 (6.9%) received a first-time influenza vaccination at the MINI clinic. A total of 2893 (49.0%) respondents heard about the clinic through their faith community. Lessons learned included the importance of building relationships with community leaders and involving them as full partners, holding clinics in community-based settings to bring vaccinations to clients, and reporting outcomes to partners.
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Lebel, Asaf, Nesia Kropach, Liat Ashkenazi-Hoffnung, Adi Huber-Yaron, and Miriam Davidovits. "Infections in Children With Nephrotic Syndrome: Twenty Years of Experience." Clinical Pediatrics 59, no. 7 (March 1, 2020): 692–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922820908583.
Анотація:
Infections is a common complication of nephrotic syndrome (NS). Our objective was to evaluate the frequency and risk factors for serious bacterial infections (SBI) in febrile children with NS. We reviewed 239 admissions of 107 children with NS who were admitted with fever to a tertiary hospital in Israel, during 1995 to 2016. SBI was diagnosed in 35 admissions (14.6%), most commonly with pneumonia (n = 12), bacteremia/sepsis (n = 8), and urinary tract infection (n = 6). Patients with SBI were more likely to be female (60.0% vs 36.3%, P = .008) and have nephrotic-range proteinuria (71.4% vs 43.6%, P = .010) and edema (62.9% vs 27.0%, P < .001) on admission. No differences were found between the SBI and non-SBI groups in the clinical and histopathological type of NS, immunosuppressive treatment, rate of pneumococcal vaccination, and prophylactic antibiotics. In summary, 1 of 7 children had SBI, most commonly pneumonia, bacteremia/sepsis, and urinary tract infection. Active nephrosis was associated with an increased risk for SBI.
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Damaschke, M., R. Sulpizio, G. Zanchetta, B. Wagner, A. Böhm, N. Nowaczyk, J. Rethemeyer, and A. Hilgers. "Tephrostratigraphic studies on a sediment core from Lake Prespa in the Balkans." Climate of the Past 9, no. 1 (January 30, 2013): 267–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-267-2013.
Анотація:
Abstract. A detailed tephrostratigraphic record, which dates back to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5b (ca. 91 kyr), has been established from a 17.76 m long core (Co1215) from Lake Prespa (Macedonia, Albania and Greece). A total of eleven tephra and cryptotephra layers (PT0915-1 to PT0915-11) were identified, using XRF scanning, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and macro- and microscopic inspection of the sediments. The major element composition of glass shards and/or micro-pumice fragments indicates that the tephras and cryptotephras originate from the explosive volcanism of Italy. Eight tephra and cryptotephra layers were correlated with specific volcanic eruptions: the AD 512 eruption of Somma-Vesuvius (1438 cal yr BP), the Mercato eruption of Somma-Vesuvius (8890 ± 90 cal yr BP), the Tufi Biancastri/LN1-LN2 eruption of the Campi Flegrei (14 749 ± 523 cal yr BP and 15 551 ± 621 cal yr BP), the SMP1-e/Y-3 eruption of the Campi Flegrei (30 000–31 000 cal yr BP), the Campanian Ignimbrite/Y-5 eruption of the Campi Flegrei (39 280 ± 110 cal yr BP), the SMP1-a event of Ischia Island (around 44 000 cal yr BP) and the Green Tuff/Y-6 eruption of Pantelleria Island (around 45 000 cal yr BP). One tephra could be attributed to the volcanic activity of Mount Etna, but probably represents an unknown eruption at ca. 60 000 cal yr BP. Cryptotephras PT0915-6 and PT0915-10 remain unclassified so far, but according to the presented age-depth model these would have been deposited around 35 000 and 48 500 cal yr BP, respectively. Some of the tephras and cryptotephras are recognised for the first time in the Balkan region. The tephrostratigraphic work provides important information about ash dispersal and explosion patterns of source volcanoes and can be used to correlate and date geographically distant paleoenvironmental and archaeological archives in the central Mediterranean region. Moreover, the tephrostratigraphic work in combination with radiocarbon and electron spin resonance (ESR) dating is a precondition for paleoclimatic reconstructions inferred from the sediment succession Co1215.
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Young, Philip, Omar Elghawy, Joseph Mock, Emmett Wynter, Ryan D. Gentzler, Linda W. Martin, Wendy Novicoff, and Richard Hall. "Impact of Opioid Use on Duration of Therapy and Overall Survival for Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors." Current Oncology 31, no. 1 (January 3, 2024): 260–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31010017.
Анотація:
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have significantly improved outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We evaluated the effect of opioid use on outcomes in patients receiving ICI either alone or with chemotherapy. We conducted a retrospective review of 209 patients with advanced NSCLC who received an ICI at the University of Virginia between 1 February 2015 and 1 January 2020. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses to evaluate the impact of opioid use on duration of therapy (DOT) and overall survival (OS). Patients with no or low opioid use (n = 172) had a median DOT of 12.2 months (95% CI: 6.9–17.4) compared to 1.9 months (95% CI: 1.8–2.0) for those with high opioid use (n = 37, HR 0.26 95% CI: 0.17–0.40, p < 0.001). Patients with no or low opioid use had a median OS of 22.6 months (95% CI: 14.8–30.4) compared to 3.8 months (95% CI: 2.7–4.9) for those with high opioid use (HR 0.26 95% CI: 0.17–0.40 p < 0.001). High opioid use was associated with a shorter DOT and worse OS. This difference remained significant when accounting for possible confounding variables. These data warrant investigation of possible mechanistic interactions between opioids, tumor progression, and ICIs, as well as prospective evaluation of opioid-sparing pain management strategies, where possible.
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Penz, Daniela, Elisabeth Waldmann, Monika Hackl, Lena Jiricka, Lisa-Maria Rockenbauer, Irina Gessl, Jasmin Zessner-Spitzenberg, Arnulf Ferlitsch, Michael Trauner, and Monika Ferlitsch. "Colorectal Cancer and Precursor Lesion Prevalence in Adults Younger Than 50 Years Without Symptoms." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 12 (December 6, 2023): e2334757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.34757.
Анотація:
ImportanceIncidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing among younger adults. However, data on precursor lesions in patients who are asymptomatic, especially those aged younger than 50 years, are lacking.ObjectiveTo analyze the prevalence and number needed to screen (NNS) for adenomas, advanced adenomas, and serrated lesions, as well as the incidence of CRC in patients older than age 20 years.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study was conducted among 296 170 patients who received a screening colonoscopy within a national screening colonoscopy registry from 2012 to 2018 in Austria, including 11 103 patients aged younger than 50 years. CRC incidence was analyzed using data from Statistic Austria from 1988 to 2018. Data were analyzed in September 2021.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe prevalence of adenomas and other lesions and the incidence of CRC in individuals aged 20 years or older were assessed.ResultsAmong 296 170 patients included in the study (median [IQR] age, 60 [54-68] years; 150 813 females [50.9%]), 11 103 patients (3.7%) were aged younger than 50 years and 285 067 patients (96.3%) were aged 50 years or older. Among patients younger than age 50 years, 1166 individuals (10.5%; NNS = 9) had adenomas and 389 individuals (3.9%; NNS = 26) had at least 1 advanced adenoma, while among those aged 50 years or older, 62 384 individuals (21.9%; NNS = 5) had adenomas and 19 680 individuals (6.9%; NNS = 15) had at least 1 advanced adenoma. Among 1128 males aged 40 to 44 years, 160 individuals (14.2%; NNS = 7) had at least 1 adenoma, and among 1398 females aged 40 to 44 years, 114 individuals (8.1%; NNS = 12) had at least 1 adenoma. The prevalence of adenomas for individuals aged 45 to 49 years vs 50 to 54 years was 490 of 2879 males (17.1%; NNS = 6) vs 8269 of 40 935 males (20.2%; NNS = 5) and 284 of 2792 females (10.2%; NNS = 10) vs 4997 of 40 303 females (12.4%; NNS = 8), respectively. Prevalence of adenomas changed from 61 of 498 individuals (12.4%) in 2008 to 150 of 1064 individuals (14.1%) in 2018 among those younger than 50 years and from 2646 of 12 166 individuals (21.8%) to 10 673 of 37 922 individuals (28.2%) among those aged 50 years and older. The prevalence of advanced adenomas changed from 20 individuals (4.0%) in 2008 to 55 individuals (5.2%) in 2018 in individuals younger than 50 years and from 888 individuals (7.3%) in 2008 to 2578 individuals (6.8%) in 2018 among those aged 50 years and older. Among individuals younger than age 50 years, CRC incidence per 100 000 individuals changed from 9.1 incidents in 1988 to 10.2 incidents in 2018 among males (average annual percentage change [AAPC], 0.5%; 95% CI, 0.1% to 1.0%) and from 9.7 incidents in 1988 to 7.7 incidents in 2018 among females, with a nonsignificant AAPC (−0.2%; 95% CI, −0.7% to 0.3%). Among individuals aged 50 years or older, CRC incidence per 100 000 individuals changed from 168 incidents in 1988 to 97 incidents in 2018 among females (AAPC, −1.8%; 95% CI, −1.9% to −1.6%), and 217 incidents in 1988 to 143 incidents in 2018 among males (AAPC, −1.2%; 95% CI, −1.3% to −1.1%).ConclusionIn this study, CRC incidence decreased after 1988 in Austria among individuals older than 50 years, while among patients younger than 50 years, incidence increased among males but decreased among females. Prevalence of adenomas increased in all age groups, while advanced adenoma prevalence increased among patients younger than 50 years but decreased in patients aged 50 years and older.
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Damaschke, M., R. Sulpizio, G. Zanchetta, B. Wagner, A. Böhm, N. Nowaczyk, J. Rethemeyer, and A. Hilgers. "Tephrostratigraphic studies on a sediment core from Lake Prespa in the Balkans." Climate of the Past Discussions 8, no. 5 (September 12, 2012): 4443–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-8-4443-2012.
Анотація:
Abstract. A detailed tephrostratigraphic record, which dates back to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5, has been established from a 17.76 m long core (Co1215) from Lake Prespa (Macedonia, Albania and Greece). A total of eleven tephra and cryptotephra layers (PT0915-1 to PT0915-11) were identified, using XRF scanning, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and macro- and microscopic inspection of the sediments. The major element composition of glass shards and/or micro-pumice fragments indicates that the tephras and cryptotephras originate from the explosive volcanism of Italy. Eight tephra and cryptotephra layers were correlated with specific volcanic eruptions: cryptotephra PT0915-1 with the 512 AD eruption of Somma-Vesuvius (1438 cal yr BP), tephra PT0915-2 with the Mercato eruption of Somma-Vesuvius (8890 ± 90 cal yr BP), cryptotephras PT0915-3 and PT0915-4 with Tufi Biancastri/LN1-LN2 of the Campi Flegrei (14 749 ± 523 cal yr BP and 15 551 ± 621 cal yr BP), tephra PT0915-5 with the SMP1-e/Y-3 eruption of the Campi Flegrei (30 000–31 000 cal yr BP), tephra PT0915-7 with the Campanian Ignimbrite/Y-5 of the Campi Flegrei (39 280 ± 110 cal yr BP), cryptotephra PT0915-8 with the SMP1-a event of Ischia Island (around 44 000 cal yr BP) and tephra PT0915-9 with the Green Tuff/Y-6 eruption of Pantelleria Island (around 45 000 cal yr BP). Tephra PT0915-11 could be attributed to the volcanic activity of Mount Etna, but probably represents a hitherto unknown eruption at ca. 60 000 cal yr BP. Cryptotephras PT0915-6 and PT0915-10 remain unclassified so far, but according to the presented age-depth model these would have been deposited around 35 000 and 48 500 cal yr BP, respectively. Some of the tephras and cryptotephras are recognised for the first time in the Balkan region. The tephrostratigraphic work provides important information about ash dispersal and explosion patterns of source volcanoes and can be used to correlate and date geographically distant paleoenvironmental and archaeological archives in the central Mediterranean region. Moreover, the tephrostratigraphic work in combination with radiocarbon and electron spin resonance (ESR) dating is a precondition for paleoclimatic reconstructions inferred from the sediment succession Co1215.
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Azad, Dishari, Daphne Valencia, Sajila Wickramaratne, Korey Kam, Lazar Fleysher, Andrew Varga, Indu Ayappa, David Rapoport, and Ankit Parekh. "0460 Dose-response Relationship Between Thalamic Activity During Sustained Attention and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness." SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (April 20, 2024): A198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0460.
Анотація:
Abstract Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by sleep fragmentation and intermittent hypoxia. Both are known causes of sleepiness and poor sustained attention, i.e., lapses in vigilance, which can be measured using the psychomotor vigilance test (PVT). Crucial to vigilance, the thalamus plays a key role by regulating sensory information essential for sustaining attention. However, to date, the relationship between thalamic activity underlying PVT and its relationship to sleepiness in OSA has not been investigated systematically. Methods A total of 5 newly diagnosed OSA subjects (mean AHI4% = 51±24, 5M, age 42±3 yrs., ESS [Epworth Sleepiness Scale] 11 ± 3.4), 3 healthy controls (1M/2F, age 35±2 yrs., ESS 3±3) and 9 PAP treated OSA subjects (diagnostic AHI4% = 15±12, 6M/3F, age 57±10 yrs., ESS 8±5) who demonstrated >4 hours nightly PAP adherence were studied. Participants performed a PVT during fMRI after an in-lab nocturnal polysomnography. Each fMRI session consisted of 4 runs: two PVT runs interleaved with two control runs. Analyses in AFNI were restricted to the bilateral thalamus with percent signal change used as the primary metric of thalamic activity. Results There was a dose response relationship of ESS to thalamic activity during PVT such that subjects with lowest levels of sleepiness (ESS) exhibited the greatest thalamic activity: untreated OSA (3±2%), CPAP treated OSA subjects (7.2±1.9%), healthy controls (21.8±1.1%); χ2(3) = 7.13, p< 0.05. CPAP treated OSA subjects with persistent sleepiness (ESS≥10) exhibited lower thalamic activity than those without persistent sleepiness (ESS< 10), however it did not reach statistical significance (5.3±3.4% vs. 6.9±2.9%). Conclusion Based on the collected data, the thalamic activity underlying PVT shows a dose response relationship with level of sleepiness. The lower degree of thalamic activity in CPAP treated patients with persistent sleepiness as compared to those without suggesting a level of irreversible injury to the thalamus due to OSA. Our findings should be further validated with a larger sample size with varying degrees of sleep apnea severity. Support (if any) NIH K25HL151912, NIH R01HL171813, NIH R21HL165320
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Vojáček, Milan, František Bauer, Pavel Sedlák, and Tomáš Šmerda. "The effect of the load of a combustion engine on energetic and performance parameters of tractor aggregates." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 57, no. 2 (2009): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200957020155.
Анотація:
The objective of this paper is to demonstrate possibilities how to reduce consumption of Diesel fuel on the one hand and to increase the performance of tractor aggregates on the other. Measurings were performed on a field with clayey-loamy soil, after the harvest of spring barley as forecrop and treatment of soil surface with disc harrowing. At the moment of measuring, the upper soil layer (till 10 cm) contained 16.5 % of humidity. Measured were the following parameters: consumption of Diesel fuel, engine revolutions, total time of ploughing, time of turning, depth of ploughing, and the swath of tractor aggregate. The specific consumption of diesel fuel Qm,1 and the efficiency (performance) of the aggregate W1 were calculated using the aforementioned parameters. The experimental tractor operated always with the full dose of fuel. Measurings were performed within zones A – economic revolutions of the engine (1 580–1 800 min−1) and B – maximum working revolutions of the engine (1 800–2 000 min−1). Basing on measured values it was found out that in zones A and B, the ploughing aggregate Case Magnum MX 285 plus a combined cultivator Köckerling Exaktgrubber – Vario showed 9.1 % of fuel saving. Values of efficiency increased by 11.5%. For the ploughing aggregate Case Magnum MX 285 plus the disc harrow Väderstad Excellent XT 620 the corresponding fuel saving was 17.2 %) while the value of efficiency increased by 7.2 %).
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Тарасов, В. Р., Т. Г. Сотнікова та А. А. Асманкіна. "Моделювання температурних процессів в системі «сонячна панель-охолоджувач»". Вісник Східноукраїнського національного університету імені Володимира Даля, № 3(279) (10 листопада 2023): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33216/1998-7927-2023-279-3-45-53.
Анотація:
В роботі представлено результати дослідження лабораторної установки для охолодження повітря, яка використовує в якості джерела живлення сонячну енергію. Проведено більше ніж 20 дослідів з активною вентиляцією та без неї у різні пори року. Отримано практичні данні та розраховані за формуламитеплові процеси.. Був сформований висновок, що до елемента Пельтьє.
Людству необхідно все більше енергії, тому з’являється необхідність у дослідженні та впровадженні альтернативних джерел енергії. Наприклад, енергоспоживання України січень-вересень 2021 року становило 86,2 млрд кВт∙год а за січень-вересень 2022 року становило 92,2 млрд кВт∙год – це на 6,9% більше. Та з кожним роком ця цифра (енергоспоживання) буде зростати, особливо при умовах посягань агресора. Цю вживану потужність з кожним роком буде все важче генерувати за рахунок викопного палива такого як: нафта, вугілля, газ, уран та інші. Проте діють різноманітні "зелені технології" через які українці почали активніше встановлювати сонячні панелі, тощо. Наприклад, у 2021 році, близько 15 000 сімей встановили сонячні батареї, повідомляє прес-служба Державного агентства з енергоефективності та енергозбереження. Це майже вдвічі більше, ніж за рік до того. Загалом на кінець 2021 близько 45 000 сімей використовували сонячні панелі.
Метод прямого перетворення сонячного випромінювання в електрику є, по-перше, найбільш зручним для споживача, оскільки отримується найбільш вживаний вид енергії, і, по-друге, такий метод вважається екологічно чистим засобом одержання електроенергії на відміну від інших, які використовують органічне паливо, ядерну сировину чи гідроресурси.
Використання сучасних технологій сприятиме не лише підвищенню ефективності тепличного господарства, але й зменшенню екологічного впливу на навколишнє середовище.
Отримані данні є корисними та важливими для подальшого використання: елемент Пельтьє має низький COP, але при відсутності альтернатив, його використання є доцільним. Отримані гарні результати - установка живилася за рахунок сонячної енергії, що робить інші види систем охолодження повітря в приміщенні, в перспективі, незалежними від централізованого електропостачання та/або мобільними.
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Wataba, Hellen Kabasinguzi, and Nafiu Lukman Abiodun. "Boards of Governors' Roles and Management of Government Aided Secondary Schools in Kyenjojo District, Uganda." INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF EDUCATION (IJE) 1, no. 2 (December 26, 2018): 138–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.53449/ije.v1i2.61.
Анотація:
This study sought to establish the relationship between boards of governors' (BOGs) roles and management of government aided secondary schools in Kyenjojo District. The objectives were to establish the relationship between BOGs' planning role and management of government aided secondary schools, to establish the relationship between BOGs' supervisory role and management of government aided secondary schools, to establish the relationship between BOGs' control role and management of government aided secondary schools; and to determine the major predictor of management of government aided secondary schools out of the three aspects of BOGs' roles. A correlational research design was used. A total of 90 respondents drawn from 108 BOGs and nine head teachers were selected as sample for the study using stratified random sampling and census inquiry respectively. The instruments used were questionnaire and interview guide. Quantitative data was analysed using Pearson product-moment correlation and regression, while thematic analysis was used on qualitative data. The study found a statistically moderate positive and significant relationship between BOGs' planning role and management of government aided secondary schools (r=.626, p=.000); a statistically moderate positive and significant relationship between BOGs' supervisory role and management of government aided secondary schools(r=.591, p=.000); and a statistically weak positive and significant relationship between BOGs' control role and management of government aided secondary schools(r=.280, p=.015). All the three aspects of BOGs roles account for 38.4% of the influence on management of government aided secondary schools in Kyenjojo district (adjusted r2=0.384, p=.000). The researchers recommend that BOGs should be well trained in management of schools in order to be effective in their work. Head teachers should not be dictators but create a conducive climate for planning, supervision and control by the BOGs.
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Ašćerić, Mensura, Alma Nadarević, Sevleta Avdić, Muamera Vrabac-Mujčinagić, Sabrija Nukić, and Zulfo Mujčinović. "Hexagon TB for the Rapid Diagnosis of Lung TBC in Praxis." Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 7, no. 3 (August 20, 2007): 218–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2007.3047.
Анотація:
Hexagon TB is intended for the rapid diagnostics of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is a contagious and epidemic disease. According to the data published by WHO, 3-4 millions of patients are diagnosed with this disease annually. In 2004, 107 new cases were discovered in the area of Tuzla Municipality. Annual incidence of this disease is 62,9 per 100 000 inhabitants in Bosnia and Herzegovina; 28,9 in Slovenia; 33,2 in FYRM; 48,5 in Croatia; 41,8 in Serbia and Montenegro. Western European countries have rather low rate of the disease - 5-10 cases per 100 000 inhabitants. Efficiency of Hexagon TB examination method was tested on 100 patients. The subjects were patients with clinical symptoms of active TBC infection, persons who were in contact with TBC patients and persons earlier cured of TBC. All the subjects were tested with Hexagon TB, and the results were compared against lungs X-rays and sputum test for BK and LÖW. Hexagon TB is intended for rapid, qualitative detection of IgG, IgA, IgM antibodies against M. tuberculosis and mycobacterium in human serum, plasma or whole blood as an aid in the early diagnostics of tuberculosis infections for professional use. Hexagon TB was positive in 11 of the examined patients. 10 patients had changes suggesting TBC. 1 patient was directly positive for BK and 3 patients were positive for LÖW. Of all the examined patients, 3 were positive for all tests positive.According to our results, Hexagon TB has significant importance in practice of rapid TBC diagnostics compared to lungs X-ray and examination of sputum for BK and LÖW
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Pradhan, Richeek, Oriana H. Y. Yu, Robert W. Platt, and Laurent Azoulay. "Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and the risk of skin cancer among patients with type 2 diabetes: a UK population-based cohort study." BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 11, no. 6 (November 2023): e003550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2023-003550.
Анотація:
IntroductionThe dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme significantly influences carcinogenic pathways in the skin. The objective of this study was to determine whether DPP-4 inhibitors are associated with the incidence of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer, compared with sulfonylureas.Research design and methodsUsing the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink, we assembled two new-user active comparator cohorts for each skin cancer outcome from 2007 to 2019. For melanoma, the cohort included 96 739 DPP-4 inhibitor users and 209 341 sulfonylurea users, and 96 411 DPP-4 inhibitor users and 208 626 sulfonylurea users for non-melanoma skin cancer. Propensity score fine stratification weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer, separately.ResultsOverall, DPP-4 inhibitors were associated with a 23% decreased risk of melanoma compared with sulfonylureas (49.7 vs 65.3 per 100 000 person-years, respectively; HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.96). The HR progressively reduced with increasing cumulative duration of use (0–2 years HR 1.14, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.54; 2.1–5 years HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.66; >5 years HR 0.33, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.74). In contrast, these drugs were not associated with the incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer, compared with sulfonylureas (448.1 vs 426.1 per 100 000 person-years, respectively; HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.15).ConclusionsIn this large, population-based cohort study, DPP-4 inhibitors were associated with a reduced risk of melanoma but not non-melanoma skin cancer, compared with sulfonylureas.
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Abdul Subhan, Achmad Firdaus Firdaus, and Mukhamad Najib. "The Influence of Islamic Service Quality and Trust on Customer Satisfaction and Intention in Reusing The Services in The Implementation of Umrah and Special Hajj Pilgrimage." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 10, no. 3 (May 31, 2023): 275–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol10iss20233pp275-289.
Анотація:
ABSTRACT: Seeing the high potential for Umrah and Special Hajj departures, with a very large number of Umrah and Special Hajj travel, making competition between travel even higher. This study aimed to determine the effect of Islamic service quality and trust on customer satisfaction, which will relate to interest in using it again. The method used in this research was the quantitative exploratory method. The participants in this study were Umrah and Special Hajj pilgrims who are registered with Hajj and Umrah organisers with official permits and domiciled in Java. The sampling technique in this study was probability random sampling with a total sample of 100 respondents. The analysis technique of the study was SEM-PLS by using the SmartPLS 3.2.9 application. The results showed that the quality of Islamic services provided by the travel company and the trust of pilgrims have a significant influence on customer satisfaction felt by Umrah and Special Hajj pilgrims, which also affects their interest in reusing Umrah and Special Hajj services at the travel company. This research is very useful for Hajj and Umrah travel organisers in Indonesia in order to improve the quality of organising Hajj and Umrah for the comfort and solemnity of customers’ worship. Keywords: Islamic Service quality, trust, service satisfaction, re-patronage Intention. ABSTRAK: Melihat tingginya potensi keberangkatan Umroh dan Haji Khusus, serta jumlah travel penyedia layanan tersebut yang sangat banyak, membuat persaingan antar travel semakin tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan islami dan kepercayaan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan, yang akan berhubungan dengan minat pelanggan untuk menggunakan jasa dan layanan kembali. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksplanatori kuantitatif. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah jamaah umroh dan haji khusus yang terdaftar pada penyelenggara haji dan umroh yang memiliki izin resmi dan berdomisili di Pulau Jawa. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah probability random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah SEM-PLS dengan menggunakan aplikasi SmartPLS 3.2.9. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan islami yang diberikan oleh perusahaan travel dan kepercayaan jamaah memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan yang dirasakan oleh jamaah umroh dan haji khusus, yang juga berpengaruh terhadap minat mereka untuk menggunakan kembali jasa pelayanan umroh dan haji khusus pada perusahaan travel tersebut. Penelitian ini sangat bermanfaat bagi para penyelenggara perjalanan haji dan umroh di Indonesia dalam rangka meningkatkan kualitas penyelenggaraan ibadah haji dan umroh demi kenyamanan dan kekhusyukan ibadah pelanggan. Kata Kunci: Kualitas Pelayanan Islami, Kepercayaan, Kepuasan Pelanggan, Minat menggunakan kembali jasa. REFERENCES Abdullah, A. A., Awang, M. D., & Abdullah, N. (2020). Islamic tourism: The characteristics, concept and principles. KnE Social Sciences, 196–215. doi:10.18502/kss.v4i9.7326 Abdullah, D., Hamir, N., Nor, N. M., Jayaraman, K., & Rostum, A. M. M. (2018). Food quality, service quality, price fairness and restaurant re-patronage intention: The mediating role of customer satisfaction. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(17), 211–226. doi:10.6007/IJARBSS/v8-i17/5226 Ahmad, A. R., Keerio, N., Jameel, A. S., & Karem, M. A. (2020). The relationship between national culture and succession planning in Malaysian public universities. Journal of Education and e-Learning Research, 7(3), 242–249. doi:10.20448/journal.509.2020.73.242.249 Al-Emran, M., Mezhuyev, V., & Kamaludin, A. (2018). PLS-SEM in Information Systems Research: A comprehensive methodological reference. Proceeding of International Conference on Advanced Intelligent System and Informatics 2018, 845, 644-653. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99010-1_59 Ali, H. (2019). Building repurchase intention and purchase decision: Brand awareness and brand loyalty analysis (Case study private label product in Alfamidi Tangerang). Saudi Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 04(09), 623–634. doi:10.36348/sjhss.2019.v04i09.009 Becker, J. M., Cheah, J. H., Gholamzade, R., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). PLS-SEM’s most wanted guidance. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 35(1)321–346. doi:10.1108/IJCHM-04-2022-0474 Belina, A., & Efendi, A. (2019). Word of Mouth, iklan, dan citra perusahaan terhadap keminatan konsumen travel Haji dan Umrah. Jurnal Perspektif Bisnis: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Bisnis, 37–46. BPS. (2022). Pada tahun 1443H/2022M, indeks kepuasan jemaah haji Indonesia (IKJHI) sebesar 90,45. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2022/12/19/1948/pada-tahun-1443h-2022m--indeks-kepuasan-jemaah-haji-indonesia--ikjhi--sebesar-90-45-.html Brady, M., & Robertson, C. (1999). An exploratory study of service value in the USA and Ecuador. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 10 (5), 469–486. doi:10.1108/09564239910289003 Buddy, Tabroni, & Salim, F. (2019). Pengaruh kualitas pelayanan dan kepercayaan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan dan dampaknya pada reputasi perusahaan (Studi empiris pada perusahaan travel Umroh dan Haji di Jakarta Timur). Ekobisman: Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 4(2), 110–125. doi:10.35814/jeko.v4i2.1058 Choi, S. H. (2018). Impact on customer trust and customer satisfaction according to the logistics service quality of home shopping. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 118(19), 277–289. Chulaifi, M., & Setuowati, F. (2018). Pengaruh kualitas pelayanan, persepsi harga dan kepercayaan terhadap kepuasan konsumen jasa travel Umrah dan Haji pada PT. Sebariz Warna Berkah di Surabaya periode 2017-2018. JHP17: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian, 3(1), 40-54. Cristescu, M. P., Nerișanu, R. A., Flori, M., Stoica, F., & Stoica, F. L. (2021). Analysing the stock market as an economic lever, using a qualitative and a quantitative model. Mathematics, 9(19), 2369. doi:10.3390/math9192369 Dawi, N. M., Jusoh, A., Streimikis, J., & Mardani, A. (2018). The influence of service quality on customer satisfaction and customer behavioral intentions by moderating role of switching barriers in satellite pay TV market. Economics & Sociology, 11(4), 198-218. doi: 10.14254/2071789X.2018/11-4/13 Elpansyah, C., Nurdin, S., & Rahayu, Y. S. (2019). Pengaruh Word Of Mouth terhadap minat beli melalui citra perusahaan dan kepercayaan sebagai variabel intervening pada jasa Umroh PT Indojava Mulia Wisata. Jurnal Sains Manajemen, 1(1), 85–95. doi:10.51977/jsm.v1i1.94 Faza, H., & Widiyanto, I. (2016). Studi minat mereferensikan dalam jasa travel Umrah. Diponegoro Journal of Management, 5(1), 117–131. Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R. Switzerland: Springer. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7 Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L. G., & Kuppelwieser, V. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) An emerging tool in business research. European Business Review, 26(2), 106-121. doi:10.1108/EBR-10-2013-0128 Hellier, P. K., Geursen, G. M., Carr, R. A., & Rickard, J. A. (2003). Customer repurchase intention: A general structural equation model. European Journal of Marketing, 37(11), 1762–1800. doi:10.1108/03090560310495456 Kotler, P., & Armstrong, G. (2004). Dasar-dasar pemasaran. Jakarta: Prenhallindo. Laely, N. (2016). Analisis pengaruh kepercayaan dan harga terhadap loyalitas pelanggan dimediasi kepuasan pada PT. Telkomsel di Kota Kediri. MM17: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 3(2), 61-74. doi:10.30996/jmm17.v3i02.802 Levine, J. H., Klein, A., & Mathews, J. (2001). Data without (operational) variables. Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 25(3), 225–273. doi:10.1080/0022250X.2001.9990253 Halomoan, M, E., Kumadji, S., & Yulianto, E. (2014). Pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan, kepercayaan dan loyalias (Survei pada Pelanggan yang menginap di Jambuluwuk Batu Resort Kota Batu). (Skripsi Sarjana, Universitas Brawijaya). http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/116736/ McKnight, D. H., Choudhury, V., & Kacmar, C. (2002). No title developing and validating trust measures for e-commerce: An integrative typology. Information Systems Research, 13(3), 334–359. doi:10.1287/isre.13.3.334.81 Othman, A., & Owen, L. (2001). The multi dimensionality of carter model to measure customer service quality (SQ) in Islamic banking industry: A study in Kuwait finance house. International Journal of Islamic Financial Services, 3(4), 1–12. Othman, B. A., Harun, A., De Almeida, N. M., & Sadq, Z. M. (2020). The effects on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty by integrating marketing communication and after sale service into the traditional marketing mix model of Umrah travel services in Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 12(2), 363–388. doi:10.1108/JIMA-09-2019-0198 Othman, B., Harun, A., Rashid, W., & Ali, R. (2019). The impact of Umrah service quality on customer satisfaction towards Umrah travel agents in Malaysia. Management Science Letters, 9(11), 1763–1772. doi:10.5267/j.msl.2019.6.014 Phuong, N. N., & Dai Trang, T. T. (2018). Repurchase intention: The effect of service quality, system quality, information quality, and customer satisfaction as mediating role: a PLS approach of m-commerce ride hailing service in Vietnam. Marketing and Branding Research, 5(2), 78. doi:10.33844/MBR.2018.60463 Prasetyo, B. (2006). Metode penelitian kuantitatif teori dan aplikasi. Surabaya: Pustaka Pelajar. Sholihin, M., & Ratmono, D. (2021). Analisis SEM-PLS dengan WarpPLS 7.0. Yogyakarta: ANDI. Tate, R. L. (2010). A compendium of tests, scales and questionnaires: The practitioner’s guide to measuring outcomes after acquired brain impairment. London: Psychology Press, Taylor & Francis Group. Wailmi, K., & Tamam, T. (2022). Tourism during covid 19: Service quality and location toward customer satisfaction. International Journal of Education and Social Science Research, 5(2), 355–363. doi:10.37500/IJESSR.2022.5222 Wang, K. Y. (2022). Sustainable tourism development based upon visitors’ brand trust: A case of “100 Religious Attractions.” Sustainability, 14(4), 1977. doi:10.3390/su14041977 Yamin, S., & Kurnoawan, H. (2011). Generasi baru mengolah data penelitian dengan partioal least square path modeling. Jakarta : Salemba Infotek. Yi, Y., & La, S. (2004). What influences the relationship between customer satisfaction and repurchase intention? Investigating the effects of adjusted expectations and customer loyalty. Psychology & Marketing, 21(5), 351–373. doi:10.1002/mar.20009 Zainal, V. (2017). Islamic marketing management: Mengembangkan bisnis dengan hijrah ke pemasaran Islami mengikuti praktik Rasulullah saw. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
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Etzelmueller, Anne, Elena Heber, Hanne Horvath, Anna Radkovsky, Dirk Lehr, and David Daniel Ebert. "The Evaluation of the GET.ON Nationwide Web-Only Treatment Service for Depression- and Stress-Related Symptoms: Naturalistic Trial." Journal of Medical Internet Research 26 (February 1, 2024): e42976. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/42976.
Анотація:
Background GET.ON (HelloBetter) treatment interventions have been shown to be efficacious in multiple randomized controlled trials. Objective This study evaluated the effectiveness of 2 GET.ON interventions, GET.ON Mood Enhancer and GET.ON Stress, in a national digital mental health service implemented across Germany. Methods Following an initial web-based questionnaire, participants were allocated to either intervention based on their baseline symptom severity and personal choice and received a semistandardized guided, feedback-on-demand guided, or self-guided version of the treatment. Uncontrolled routine care data from 851 participants were analyzed using a pretest-posttest design. Half of the participants (461/851, 54.2%) were allocated to the stress intervention (189/461, 41% semistandardized; 240/461, 52% feedback on demand; and 32/461, 6.9% self-guided), and almost all participants in the mood intervention (349/352, 99.2%) received semistandardized guidance. Results Results on depression-related symptom severity indicated a reduction in reported symptoms, with a large effect size of d=−0.92 (95% CI −1.21 to −0.63). Results on perceived stress and insomnia indicated a reduction in symptom severity, with large effect sizes of d=1.02 (95% CI −1.46 to −0.58) and d=−0.75 (95% CI −1.10 to −0.40), respectively. A small percentage of participants experienced deterioration in depression-related symptoms (11/289, 3.8%), perceived stress (6/296, 2%), and insomnia (5/252, 2%). After completing treatment, 51.9% (150/289) of participants showed a clinically reliable change in depression-related symptoms, whereas 20.4% (59/289) achieved a close to symptom-free status. Similar improvements were observed in perceived stress and insomnia severity. Guidance moderated the effectiveness of and adherence to the interventions in reducing depressive symptom severity. Effect sizes on depression-related symptom severity were d=−1.20 (95% CI −1.45 to −0.93) for the semistandardized group, d=−0.36 (95% CI −0.68 to −0.04) for the feedback-on-demand group, and d=−0.83 (95% CI −1.03 to −0.63) for the self-guided group. Furthermore, 47.6% (405/851) of the participants completed all modules of the intervention. Participant satisfaction was high across all patient groups and both interventions; 89.3% (242/271) of participants would recommend it to a friend in need of similar help. Limitations include the assignment to treatments and guidance formats based on symptom severity. Furthermore, part of the differences in symptom change between groups must be assumed to be due to this baseline difference in the measures. Conclusions Future digital health implementation and routine care research should focus on monitoring symptom deterioration and other negative effects, as well as possible predictors of deterioration and the investigation of individual patient trajectories. In conclusion, this study supports the effectiveness of tailored digital mental health services in routine care for depression- and stress-related symptoms in Germany. The results highlight the importance of guidance in delivering internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy interventions and provide further evidence for its potential delivered as web-only solutions for increasing access to and use of psychological treatments.
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Agudelo, Guilliana, Carlos A. Palacio, Sergio Neves Monteiro, and Henry A. Colorado. "Foundry Sand Waste and Residual Aggregate Evaluated as Pozzolans for Concrete." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (July 24, 2022): 9055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159055.
Анотація:
This research is about the utilization of two solid wastes in concrete: foundry sand from the steel smelting process and residual aggregate powder from the asphalt mix production. The solid wastes were added to concrete in contents of 0.0, 5.0, 10, 15, and 20 wt% with respect to cement, and tested in concrete with a design resistance of 280 kgf/cm2 (27.5 MPa). The effects of these wastes in concrete were compared with commercially available metakaolin, a typical admixture added to concrete, in contents of 0.0, 5.0, 10, 15, and 20 wt% replacing cement content. For all samples, the resistant activity index was evaluated at 28 days. Slump test, air content, density, and compressive strength tests were conducted. The materials’ microstructures were evaluated with SEM and XRD after 270 days, in samples immersed in water. Results show that both by-products have pozzolanic activity, classified as N-type pozzolans. Besides, concrete with the residual aggregate powder gave a strength of 541 kgf/cm2 (53.1 MPa), which corresponds to sample M4 (concrete containing 15% residual aggregate powder), consistent with 93% improvement with respect to the strength resistance. Furthermore, concrete with the foundry sand powder gave a strength of 561 kgf/cm2 (55 MPa), consistent with 100% improvement with respect to the strength resistance, which corresponds to M15 (concrete containing 20% foundry sand). Concrete with the metakaolin powder presented a strength of 609 kgf/cm2 (59.7 MPa), which corresponds to M9 (concrete containing 15% metakaolin), consistent with 116% improvement with respect to the strength resistance. The concrete developed with the by-products can be produced at lower costs than traditional admixtures, which guarantees the feasibility of the environmental solution.
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Iljazi, Afrim, Michala Skovlund Sørensen, Thea Hovgaard Ladegaard, Søren Overgaard, and Michael Mørk Petersen. "Dislocation rate after hip arthroplasty due to metastatic bone disease: a retrospective cohort study evaluating the postoperative dislocation risk across different articulating solutions." Acta Orthopaedica 94 (March 6, 2023): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/17453674.2023.10311.
Анотація:
Background and purpose: Joint stability after hip replacement (HR) in patients with metastatic bone disease (MBD) is of special importance. Dislocation is the second leading cause of implant revision in HR, while survival after MBD surgery is poor with an expected 1-year survival of around 40%. As few studies have investigated the dislocation risk across different articulation solutions in MBD, we conducted a retrospective study on primary HR for patients with MBD treated in our department.Patients and methods: The primary outcome is the 1-year cumulative incidence of dislocation. We included patients with MBD who received HR at our department in 2003–2019. We excluded patients with partial pelvic reconstruction, total femoral replacement, and revision surgery. We assessed the incidence of dislocation with competing risk analysis with death and implant removal as competing risks.Results: We included 471 patients. Median follow-up was 6.5 months. The patients received 248 regular total hip arthroplasties (THAs), 117 hemiarthroplasties, 70 constrained liners, and 36 dual mobility liners. Major bone resection (MBR), defined as resection below the lesser trochanter, was performed in 63%. The overall 1-year cumulative incidence of dislocation was 6.2% (95% CI 4.0–8.3). Dislocation stratified by articulating surface was 6.9% (CI 3.7–10) for regular THA, 6.8% (CI 2.3–11) for hemiarthroplasty, 2.9% (CI 0.0–6.8) for constrained liner, and 5.6% (CI 0.0–13) for dual mobility liners. There was no significant difference between patients with and without MBR (p = 0.5).Conclusion: The 1-year cumulative incidence of dislocation is 6.2% in patients with MBD. Further studies are needed to determine any real benefits of specific articulations on the risk of postoperative dislocation in patients with MBD.
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Dewangan, Naresh Kumar, and Achal Sharma. "Validation of the Revised Neuroimaging Radiological Interpretation System For Acute Traumatic Brain Injury in Adult and Pediatric Population." Indian Journal of Neurotrauma 18, no. 01 (February 4, 2021): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1717210.
Анотація:
Abstract Aim Our study aimed to validate the revised neuroimaging radiological interpretation system (NIRIS), which would standardize the interpretation of noncontrast head CT of acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) patient and consolidate imaging finding into ordinal severity categories that would not only inform specific patient management actions but could also be used as a clinical decision support tool. Methods We retrospectively studied dispositions and their outcomes of consecutive patients brought to the Sawai Man Singh Hospital Trauma Centre, Jaipur, India, by any means of transport and who underwent a noncontrast CT scan for suspected TBI between April and December 2018. Results The revised NIRIS correctly predicted disposition and outcome in 62.9% (750/1192) of patients. After excluding patients with OMEI (other major extracranial injuries) and OMII (other major intracranial injuries), a correct prediction was observed in 88.3% (670/758) of patients. After excluding OMEI and OMII, the predictability of revised NIRIS in the adult population is 87.6% (446/509), while predictability in the pediatric population is 92.1% (224/249). Conclusion Revised NIRIS is a good tool for predicting patient dispositions, to specific management categories, and outcomes in TBI patients after noncontrast CT head.
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Abdullahi, Idris Nasir, Carmen Lozano, Laura Ruiz-Ripa, Rosa Fernández-Fernández, Myriam Zarazaga, and Carmen Torres. "Ecology and Genetic Lineages of Nasal Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA Carriage in Healthy Persons with or without Animal-Related Occupational Risks of Colonization: A Review of Global Reports." Pathogens 10, no. 8 (August 8, 2021): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10081000.
Анотація:
In this conceptual review, we thoroughly searched for appropriate English articles on nasal staphylococci carriage among healthy people with no reported risk of colonization (Group A), food handlers (Group B), veterinarians (Group C), and livestock farmers (Group D) published between 2000 and 2021. Random-effects analyses of proportions were performed to determine the pooled prevalence of S. aureus, MRSA, MRSA-CC398, and MSSA-CC398, as well as the prevalence of PVL-positive S. aureus from all eligible studies. A total of 166 eligible papers were evaluated for Groups A/B/C/D (n = 58/31/26/51). The pooled prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA in healthy humans of Groups A to D were 15.9, 7.8, 34.9, and 27.1%, and 0.8, 0.9, 8.6, and 13.5%, respectively. The pooled prevalence of MRSA-CC398 nasal carriage among healthy humans was as follows: Group A/B (<0.05%), Group C (1.4%), Group D (5.4%); and the following among Group D: pig farmers (8.4%) and dairy farmers (4.7%). The pooled prevalence of CC398 lineage among the MSSA and MRSA isolates from studies of the four groups were Group A (2.9 and 6.9%), B (1.5 and 0.0%), C (47.6% in MRSA), and D (11.5 and 58.8%). Moreover, MSSA-CC398 isolates of Groups A and B were mostly of spa-t571 (animal-independent clade), while those of Groups C and D were spa-t011 and t034. The MRSA-CC398 was predominately of t011 and t034 in all the groups (with few other spa-types, livestock-associated clades). The pooled prevalence of MSSA and MRSA isolates carrying the PVL encoding genes were 11.5 and 9.6% (ranges: 0.0–76.9 and 0.0–28.6%), respectively. Moreover, one PVL-positive MSSA-t011-CC398 isolate was detected in Group A. Contact with livestock and veterinary practice seems to increase the risk of carrying MRSA-CC398, but not in food handlers. Thus, this emphasizes the need for integrated molecular epidemiology of zoonotic staphylococci.
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Raghavendra, Akshara, Arup Kumar Sinha, Limin Hsu, Modesto Patangan, Huong T. Le-Petross, Therese Bartholomew Bevers, Debu Tripathy, Isabelle Bedrosian, and Carlos Hernando Barcenas. "Association between tumor stage of first non-metastatic breast cancer and second contralateral breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2016): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.3_suppl.260.
Анотація:
260 Background: Female breast cancer survivors have an average lifetime risk of 4-8% to develop a contralateral breast cancer (CBC).It is unclear if the tumor stage of the first breast cancer is associated with the development of a second CBC. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of women who had a presenting diagnosis of non–metastatic breast cancer treated at MD Anderson Cancer Center between January 1997 and December 2013. Demographic, clinical, pathologic and treatment information were obtained from an institutional database. We excluded male patients, those treated outside MD Anderson, patients who underwent bilateral mastectomy, and those with unknown tumor characteristics. The primary endpoint was the development of CBC. The time to CBC was measured from the date of diagnosis of the first breast cancer. Patients who did not develop CBC were censored at death, or if alive, at the most recent follow-up visit. Index tumor stages were categorized as 0, I, II and III. Results: We analyzed 8,770 patients (median follow-up of 5.4 years), among whom 259 (3.0%) developed a CBC. The median follow-up time for stages 0-III was 4.9, 7.2, 5.2 and 3.9 years, respectively. The proportion of patients who developed a CBC by the stage of the index breast cancer was: stage 0: 0/403 (0.0%); stage I: 115/2,143 (5.4%); stage II: 110/4,220 (2.6%); stage III: 34/2,004 (1.7%). The overall median [quartile (Q) 1, Q3] time to the development of CBC was 3.2 (1.2, 6.3) years (stage 0: 0 (0.0, 0.0); stage I: 3.0 (1.2, 6.3); stage II: 4.4 (1.3, 6.9); stage III: 1.6 (0.8, 5.1) years). Conclusions: Patients with stage 0 breast cancer appear to have lower risk of developing a second CBC compared to women presenting with invasive disease. A more detailed analysis of this observation, including incorporation of hormone receptor status and receipt of endocrine therapy, is warranted to determine whether this observation suggests differing biologic risks or treatment/selection bias.
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Powell, David. "Educational Attainment and US Drug Overdose Deaths." JAMA Health Forum 4, no. 10 (October 6, 2023): e233274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.3274.
Анотація:
ImportanceEducational attainment in the US is associated with life expectancy. As the opioid crisis worsens, it is critical to understand how overdose death rate trends evolve across education groups.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between educational attainment and overdose death rates, with emphasis on trends during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used National Vital Statistics System Mortality Multiple Cause-of-Death data describing overdose death rates in the US by educational attainment from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2021, with a focus on 2018 to 2021. Overdose deaths were aggregated by year and educational level for decedents aged 25 years or older.ExposureEducational attainment, categorized as no high school (HS) diploma, HS diploma (or General Educational Development) but no college, some college but no bachelor’s degree, and bachelor’s degree or more.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcomes were rates of all overdose deaths, overdose deaths involving opioids, and overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids.ResultsOf 912 057 overdose deaths with education information from 2000 to 2021 (mean [SD] age at death, 44.9 [12.3] years; 64.1% male), there were 625 400 deaths (68.6%) among individuals with no college education and 286 657 deaths (31.4%) among those with at least some college. The overdose death rate was 19.9 per 100 000 population. From 2018 to 2021, there were 301 557 overdose deaths, including 58 319 (19.3%) among individuals without an HS diploma, 153 603 (50.9%) among people with an HS diploma, 64 682 (21.4%) among individuals with some college, and 24 953 (8.3%) among individuals with a bachelor’s degree. There were 3324 overdose deaths (1.1%) among American Indian or Alaska Native individuals, 2968 (1.0%) among Asian American or Pacific Islander individuals, 49 152 (16.3%) among Black individuals, 31 703 (10.5%) among Hispanic individuals, 211 359 (70.1%) among White individuals, and 3051 (1.0%) among multiracial individuals. From 2018 to 2021, the overdose death rate was 33.4 per 100 000 population, the opioid-related overdose death rate was 24.2 per 100 000 population, and the synthetic opioid overdose death rate was 19.1 per 100 000 population. From 2018 to 2021, the overdose death rate for those without a HS diploma increased by 35.4 per 100 000 population compared with 1.5 per 100 000 population for those with a bachelor’s degree. This differential growth was primarily due to increased rates of death involving synthetic opioids.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study, lower educational attainment was found to be associated with higher growth in overdose deaths. As the opioid crisis has transitioned to fentanyl and polysubstance use, overdose deaths have become more prevalent in groups with lower socioeconomic status, potentially exacerbating existing life-expectancy disparities.
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Wang, Li-Hua, Lei Liang, and Peng-Fei Li. "Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Catalytic Properties, and Luminescent of a Novel Eu(III) Complex Material with 4-Imidazolecarboxaldehyde-pyridine-2-carbohydrazone." Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 12, no. 2 (August 1, 2017): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.12.2.764.185-190.
Анотація:
A novel Eu(III) complex, [Eu(L)2(H2O)4]·(NO3)·(H2O)4 (1) (H2L = 4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde-pyridine-2-carbohydrazide), was synthesized. Its structure has been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. Complex 1 is of orthorhombic, space group Fdd2 with a = 29.471(6) A˚, b = 10.287(2) A˚, c = 24.340(5) A˚, V = 7379(3) A˚3, Z = 8, Mr = 902.58, Dc = 1.625 µg·m-3, µ = 1.789 mm-1, F(000) = 3656, GOOF = 1.099, the final R= 0.0517, ωR= 0.1292 for 3043 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). The A3 coupling reaction has been investigated using the complex 1 as catalyst. The luminescent spectrum of the complex 1 gives two weak peaks (448 nm and 491 nm) and two strong peaks (596 nm and 620 nm) from excitation at 279 nm. Copyright © 2017 BCREC Group. All rights reserved.Received: 11st November 2016; Revised: 10th February 2017; Accepted: 23rd February 2017How to Cite: Wang, L.H., Liang, L., Li, P.F. (2017). Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Catalytic Properties, and Luminescent of a Novel Eu(III) Complex Material with 4-Imidazolecarboxaldehyde-pyridine-2-carbohydrazone. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 12 (2): 185-190 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.12.2.764.185-190)Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.12.2.764.185-190
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Li, Liman Man Wai, Wen–Qiao Li, Dongmei Mei, and Yiheng Wang. "Self–Esteem among Chinese Cohorts: Its Temporal Trend and Its Relationships with Socioecological Factors, 1993–2016." European Journal of Personality 34, no. 2 (March 2020): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2238.
Анотація:
Self–esteem affects individuals in a variety of psychological processes substantially and extensively. While an increase in self–esteem over time was observed in the USA, different patterns of temporal change in self–esteem were observed in other societies. We analysed the responses ( n = 305 229) collected between 1993 and 2016 from 609 articles to examine the patterns of temporal change in self–esteem in China and its relations with socioecological conditions. Additionally, we explored the patterns in different groups, including secondary school students (158 samples; n = 97 751), college students (427 samples; n = 153 474), and community participants (232 samples; n = 54 004). Some major findings were noted: (i) overall, the level of self–esteem increased over time. However, we also found a significant curvilinear trend in self–esteem with a decline followed by a recent increase; (ii) some evidence for the relationship between socioecological factors and self–esteem was obtained; and (iii) the patterns varied in different cohort groups. Specifically, secondary school students showed a different pattern, in which their self–esteem level did not show a significant linear trend and was not correlated with the examined socioecological factors. The implications on the theories for the relationship between personality characteristics and socioecological conditions were discussed.
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Buckner, Tyler W., Iryna Bocharova, Kaitlin Hagan, Arielle G. Bensimon, Hongbo Yang, Eric Q. Wu, Eileen K. Sawyer, and Nanxin Li. "Health care resource utilization and cost burden of hemophilia B in the United States." Blood Advances 5, no. 7 (April 8, 2021): 1954–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003424.
Анотація:
Abstract Hemophilia B is a rare congenital blood disorder characterized by factor IX deficiency. Clinical profiles of hemophilia B range from mild to severe forms of the disease. The objective of this study was to characterize the economic burden associated with differing clinical profiles of hemophilia B from a US health system perspective. Using the IBM MarketScan database (June 2011-February 2019), a claims-based algorithm was developed to identify 4 distinct profiles (mild, moderate, moderate-severe, and severe) in adult males with hemophilia B based on the frequency of hemorrhage events and factor IX replacement claims. Mean annual health care resource use (HRU) and costs were statistically compared between patients with hemophilia B (N = 454) and 1:1 demographic-matched controls (N = 454), both overall and with stratification by clinical profile. Compared with matched controls, patients with hemophilia B had a significantly higher comorbidity burden (Charlson Comorbidity Index, mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 0.9 ± 1.7 vs 0.3 ± 0.9, P < .001). Across all clinical profiles, patients with hemophilia B had significantly higher HRU vs matched controls (mean ± SD: 0.3 ± 0.6 vs 0.1 ± 0.3 inpatient admissions; 0.6 ± 1.2 vs 0.2 ± 0.6 emergency department visits; 17.7 ± 22.9 vs 8.0 ± 11.0 outpatient visits; all P < .001). Annual total health care costs per patient among patients with hemophilia B were more than 25-fold higher vs matched controls (mean ± SD: $201 635 ± $411 530 vs $7879 ± $29 040, respectively, P < .001). Annual total health care costs per patient increased with increasing severity (mean ± SD: mild, $80 811 ± $284 313; moderate, $137 455 ± $222 021; moderate-severe, $251 619 ± $576 886; severe, $632 088 ± $501 270). The findings of this study highlight the substantial burden of illness associated with hemophilia B.
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Ahmadi, Navid, Jenna M. Christensen, Henry P. Barham, Gretchen M. Oakley, Raymond Sacks, and Richard J. Harvey. "Allergic Sensitization does not Predispose to Sinus Inflammation in Externalized Paranasal Sinuses." American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 31, no. 1 (January 2017): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajra.2017.31.4388.
Анотація:
Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has a multifactorial etiology, with a debate about the role of inhalant allergy in the pathogenesis of CRS. Objective This study assessed the impact of allergy status on externalized paranasal sinuses after tumor resection to determine if a predisposition to inhalant allergy brought about additional inflammation after sinus surgery. Methodology A case-control study was performed on patients who had no history of CRS who underwent paranasal sinus tumor resection. Allergic sensitization was defined by a positive serum ImmunoCAP test result. Outcomes were measured at least 6 months after surgery by using the modified Lund-MacKay endoscopic score and the 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome test, with rhinitis, sleep, psychological, ear and/or facial, and sinus subscores to assess the impact of allergy status on mucosal inflammation. Results A total of 103 patients (53.44 ± 17.46 years; 46% women) were assessed. Of these, 61.17% were allergically sensitized at the time of surgery. Postsurgery endoscopic assessment was similar [the modified Lund-Mackay endoscopic score allergic sensitized 0.5 (1.7) versus nonallergic sensitized 0.0 (0.9); p = 0.15]. Sinonasal symptoms were also similar between the groups' 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome test scores, allergic sensitized versus allergic nonsensitized, (allergic 28.9 ± 20.8 versus nonallergic 33.5 ± 19.7; p = 0.31), rhinitis score (5.9 ± 5.5 versus 6.4 ± 4.7; p = 0.66), sleep score (6.9 ± 5.9 versus 7.7 ± 4.8; p = 0.50), ear and/or facial symptom score (3.4 ± 3.6 versus 4.3 ± 3.3; p = 0.22), psychological score (6.9 ± 6.0 versus 8.3 ± 6.7; p = 0.29), and of nasal symptom score (6.4 ± 5.2 versus 7.0 ± 5.3; p = 0.61). Conclusions Externalization of the sinuses in patients with inhalant allergy did not bring about significant additional inflammation in patients after tumor surgery.
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Jin, Rong, Yuna Guo, and Yan Chen. "Risk factors associated with emergency peripartum hysterectomy." Chinese Medical Journal 127, no. 5 (March 5, 2014): 900–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20132023.
Анотація:
Background Use of an emergency peripartum hysterectomy (EPH) as a lifesaving measure to manage intractable postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) appears to be increasing recently around the world, and the indications for EPH have changed. The object of this study is to identify risk factors associated with EPH. Methods We conducted a case-control study of 21 patients who underwent EPH because of intractable PPH between January 1, 2005 and June 30, 2013, at the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine (IPMCH). The parametric t-test, chi-square tests and Logistic regression models were used for analysis to identify the risk factors. The results were considered statistically significant when P<0.05. Results There were 89 178 deliveries during the study period. Twenty-one women had an EPH, with an incidence of 24 per 100 000 deliveries. The loss of blood during postpartum hemorrhage of the EPH group was (5 060.7±3 032.6) ml, and that of the control group was (2 040.8±723.5) ml. There was a significant difference of PHH between the EHP group and the control group (P=0.001). Independent risk factors for EPH from a logistic regression model were: disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (OR: 9.9, 95% CI 2.8-34, P=0.003), previous cesarean section (OR: 5.27; 95% CI: 1.48-17.9, P=0.009), placenta previa (OR: 6.9; 95% CI 1.6-2.9, P=0.008), the loss of PPH (OR: 1.001; 95% CI 1.001-1.002, P=0.002), placenta accreta (OR: 68; 95% CI 10-456, P=0.004), the use of tocolytic agents prenatally (OR: 6.55, 95% CI 1.34-32.1, P=0.049), and fetal macrosomia (OR: 6.9, 95% CI 1.25-38, P=0.049). Conclusion Significant risk factors of EPH are DIC, placenta previa, PPH, previous cesarean delivery, and placenta accrete, the use of tocolytic agents prenatally, and fetal macrosomia.
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JE, Shitaye, I. Parmova, L. Matlova, L. Dvorska, A. Horvathova, V. Vrbas, and I. Pavlik. "Mycobacterial and Rhodococcus equiinfections in pigs in theCzechRepublicbetween the years 1996 and 2004: the causal factors and distribution of infections in the tissues." Veterinární Medicína 51, No. 11 (March 27, 2012): 497–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5584-vetmed.
Анотація:
Between 1996 and 2004, tissue samples from 3 630 slaughtered pigs were examined by gross examination, microscopy after the Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining of homogenised tissues for the detection of acid-fast rods (AFR) and by culture for the presence of mycobacteria and Rhodococcus equi: 1 781 head lymph nodes (ln), 1 123 mesenteric ln, 54 pulmonary ln, 32 inguinal ln, 562 non-identified ln and 78 samples of tissues from parenchymatous organs (liver, spleen and kidneys). Tuberculous/tuberculoid lesions were not detected in 249 (6.9%) animals slaughtered due to a positive response to avian tuberculin. Various gross lesions were detected in 3 381 (93.1%) animals as follows: adenopathy in 150 (4.1%), tuberculous lesions with caseation in 2 026 (55.8%) and tuberculous lesions with calcification in 1 205 (33.2%) of them. AFR were found in tissues from 2 047 (56.4%) animals: in 36 (14.5%) animals free from gross lesions, in 28 (18.7%) animals with adenopathy, in 801 (39.5%) animals with caseation and in 913 (75.8%) animals with calcified tuberculous lesions. Mycobacteria were isolated from the tissues of 289 (15.8%) of 1 852 animals without detected AFR and from the tissues of 1 290 (72.5%) of the 1 778 animals with detected AFR of various intensities. Of 1 579 mycobacterial isolates 1 493 (94.6%) were classified as M. avium complex (MAC) members: 469 (29.7%) M. a. avium (IS901+, serotypes 1, 2, and 3) and 891 (56.4%) M. a. hominissuis (IS901–) isolates of serotypes 4 (n = 1), 8 (n = 643), 9 (n = 74) and non-typed (n = 173). The other 52 (3.3%) isolates were members of other mycobacterial species: M. chelonae (n = 35), M. smegmatis (n = 4), M. xenopi (n = 3), M. terrae (n = 7), M. aurum (n = 1), M. scrofulaceum (n = 1), M. fortuitum (n = 1) and biochemically non-identified mycobacteria (n = 34). By examination of ZN stained homogenised tissues, AFR were detected significantly more frequently (P < 0.01) in samples from animals with caseated and/or calcified tuberculous lesions than in tissues from animals without tuberculous lesions. The detection rate of isolates from tissues with tuberculous lesions was likewise significantly higher (P < 0.01) than from tissues without tuberculous lesions.
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Lynn, Ena, Gráinne Cousins, Suzi Lyons, and Kathleen E. Bennett. "Trends in drug poisoning deaths, by sex, in Ireland: a repeated cross-sectional study from 2004 to 2017." BMJ Open 11, no. 9 (September 2021): e048000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048000.
Анотація:
ObjectiveTo examine sex differences in age-standardised rates (ASR) of overall and drug-specific drug poisoning deaths in Ireland between 2004 and 2017.DesignRepeated cross-sectional study.SettingDrug poisoning deaths in Ireland.ParticipantsNational Drug-Related Deaths Index and pharmacy claims database (Primary Care Reimbursement Service-General Medical Services) data from 2004 to 2017.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome was trends in drug poisoning death rates by sex. The secondary outcomes were trends in drug poisoning death rates involving (1) any CNS (Central Nervous System) depressants, (2) ≥2 CNS depressants and (3) specific drugs/drug classes (eg, prescription opioids, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, alcohol, cocaine and heroin) by sex. Joinpoint regression was used to examine trends, stratified by sex, in the ASR of drug poisoning deaths (2004–2017), change points over time and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) with 95% CI.ResultsIncreased ASR for all drug poisoning deaths from 6.86 (95% CI 6.01 to 7.72) per 100 000 in 2004 to 8.08 (95% CI 7.25 to 8.91) per 100 000 in 2017 was mainly driven by increasing deaths among men (AAPC 2.6%, 95% CI 0.2 to 5.1), with no significant change observed among women. Deaths involving ≥2 CNS depressants increased for both men (AAPC 5.6%, 95% CI 2.4 to 8.8) and women (AAPC 4.0%, 95% CI 1.1 to 6.9). Drugs with the highest significant AAPC increases for men were cocaine (7.7%, 95% CI 2.2 to 13.6), benzodiazepines (7.2%, 95% CI 2.9 to 11.6), antidepressants (6.1%, 95% CI 2.4 to 10.0) and prescription opioids (3.5%, 95% CI 1.6 to 5.5). For women, the highest AAPC was for antidepressants (4.2%, 95% CI 0.2 to 8.3), benzodiazepines (3.3%, 95% CI 0.1 to 6.5) and prescription opioids (3.0%, 95% CI 0.7 to 5.3).ConclusionDrugs implicated in drug poisoning deaths vary by sex. Policy response should include prescription monitoring programmes and practical harm reduction information on polydrug use, especially CNS depressant drugs.
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Barahona, Maximiliano, Marcela Cárcamo, Macarena Barahona, Cristian Barrientos, Carlos Infante, and Álvaro Martínez. "Efficiency estimation on the use of elective surgical theaters in the Chilean public health system from 2018 to 2021." Medwave 23, no. 03 (April 3, 2023): e2667-e2667. http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2023.03.2667.
Анотація:
Objective The efficient use of wards intended for elective surgeries is essential to resolve cases on the surgical waiting list. This study aims to estimate the efficiency of ward use in the Chilean public health system between 2018 and 2021. Methods The design was an ecological study. Section A.21 of the database constructed by the monthly statistical summaries that each public health network facility reported to the Ministry of Health between 2018 and 2021 was analyzed. Data from subsections A, E and F were extracted: ward staffing, total elective surgeries by specialty, number and causes of suspension of elective surgeries. Then, the surgical performance during working hours and the percentage of hourly occupancy for a working day was estimated. Additionally, an analysis was made by region with data from 2021. Results The percentage of elective wards in use ranged from 81.1% to 94.1%, while those enabled for those staffing ranged from 70.5% to 90.4% during 2018 and 2021. The total number of surgeries was highest in 2019 (n = 416 339), but for 2018, 2020, and 2021 it ranged from 259 000 to 297 000. Suspensions varied between 10.8% (2019) and 6.9% (2021), with the leading cause being patient-related. When analyzing the number of cases canceled monthly by facility, we saw that the leading cause was trade union-related. The maximum throughput of a ward intended for elective surgery was reached in 2019 and was 2.5 surgeries; in 2018, 2020 and 2021, the throughput borders on two surgeries per ward enabled for elective surgery. The percentage of ward time occupied during working hours by contract day varies between 80.7% (2018) and 56.8% (2020). Conclusions All the parameters found and estimated in this study show that there is an inefficient utilization of operating rooms in Chilean public healthcare facilities.