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1
Barrow, C. J. "Silenced rivers: the ecology and politics of large dams, P. McCully. Zed Books, London, 2001. ISBN 1 85469 902 2 (paperback) £15.95; 1 85649 901 4 (hardback) £45.00,xxii+359pp." Land Degradation & Development 13, no. 5 (September 2002): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ldr.515.
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Mataradze, Edgar, Nikoloz Chikhradze, Irakli Akhvlediani, Mikhail Chikhradze, Nika Bochorishvili, and Karlo Tavlalashvili. "Influence of the Droplet Velocity on the Attenuation of Overpressures in a Water Mist." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 906, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/906/1/012042.
Анотація:
Abstract Mist generator is a basic element of systems designed to protect from explosions. It is responsible for forming a suppression barrier between the place of explosion and the zone to be protected. The effectiveness of the system is determined by the capacity of the mist to suppress blast overpressure and impulse. The attenuation capacity, on its turn, depends on mist properties, such as droplet size, water concentration in mist and droplet velocity. The paper examines droplet velocity influence on overpressure and impulse attenuation in mist when the properties of the latter are in the following ranges: droplet size - 15-345 μm; droplet velocity - 5.5-35 m/s; shock wave velocity – 515-718 m/s, droplet impact angle - 900. The influence of drop velocity on blast attenuation has been assessed according to overpressure and impulse reduction factors.
3
Moldovan, Diana, Crina Rusu, Ina Maria Kacso, Alina Potra, Ioan Mihai Patiu, and Mirela Gherman-Caprioara. "Mineral and bone disorders, morbidity and mortality in end-stage renal failure patients on chronic dialysis." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 89, no. 1 (February 2, 2016): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-515.
Анотація:
Background and aim. In spite of numerous interventions, the control of mineral disturbances remains poor in end-stage renal failure (ESRF) patients. Chronic kidney disease - mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD) represent an important cause of mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between mineral and bone disorders (MBD) and their components impact on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular (CDV) mortality and morbidity in chronic dialysis patients. Methods. This prospective study was carried out in a cohort of 92 randomly selected patients with ESRF treated with hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). The data regarding demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded, including vascular disease (coronary, cerebral, peripheral). The follow-up lasted 40 months and the final evaluation included the number and causes of deaths, CDV events and disease. Serum Ca, P, ALP, iPTH, albumin, cholesterol, urea and creatinine levels were measured. The plain radiographic films of hands and pelvis evaluated all bone abnormalities suggestive of renal osteodystrophy (ROD) and peripheral vascular calcification (VC). Results. All-cause annual mortality represented 9.25% in HD and 9.09% in PD patients. The CDV mortality represented almost 44% in HD patients and 66% in PD patients from all deaths. There was a high prevalence of CDV diseases and events. High and low serum P levels were associated with a worse survival rate. Hypercalcaemia was associated with high risk for CDV events in HD patients. In PD patients, the relationship between increased ALP levels and all-cause mortality was significant. Other mineral markers were not predictive of the outcome in the studied patients. In the HD patients the severity of VC was associated with all-cause and CDV mortality, and with CDV events. Male gender, hypercholesterolemia, decreased URR, albumin and creatinine were identified as risk factors for all-cause mortality. The diabetics had higher death rates. Low dialysis efficacy represented a risk factor for mortality and CDV diseases and events. In PD patients, low albumin induced a higher death rate. In PD patients the death rate was similar to HD patients. Conclusion. All-cause mortality was higher than in general population, but lower than the chronic dialysis patients’ mortality reported in other studies. The death rates in HD and PD patients were similar. VC and serum P levels influenced the outcome in the HD patients – increased the risk for all-cause and CDV mortality, but also for CDV events. ALP levels influenced outcome in PD patients. There were no significant differences between HD and PD patients regarding outcome.
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Le Tourneau, Dominique. "L’admirable et surprenant rayonnement du concile d’Agde (506)." Annuarium Historiae Conciliorum 49, no. 2 (August 17, 2020): 367–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/25890433-04902007.
Анотація:
Abstract This article aims to highlight the importance trough space and time of the canonical legislation promoted by saint Caesarius, bishop of Arles, in Provence. It starts at the council of Agde, in 506, not convened by Caesarius but presided by him. The influence of that council should not be limited, as it is usual, to the five councils he directly gathered: Arles IV (524), Carpentras (527), Orange II (529), Vaison II (529) and Marseille (533). The first national council in the franc kingdom, Orléans I (511), as well as the first national council in the burgundian kingdom, Epaone (517), are largely tributaries of Agde. Moreover, the author comments more than 300 norms taken by something like 54 other councils, till the council of Trosly (909), which shows a clear filiation from Agde.
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Farias, Marcelo Silveira de, José Fernando Schlosser, Leonardo Casali, Mateus Cassol Cella, and Alfran Tellechea Martini. "DEMANDA ENERGÉTICA NA SEMEADURA DA SOJA COM DIFERENTES CONFIGURAÇÕES DE SULCADORES." ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA 35, no. 4 (May 21, 2021): 507–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17224/energagric.2020v35n4p507-515.
Анотація:
DEMANDA ENERGÉTICA NA SEMEADURA DA SOJA COM DIFERENTES CONFIGURAÇÕES DE SULCADORES MARCELO SILVEIRA DE FARIAS1, JOSÉ FERNANDO SCHLOSSER2, LEONARDO CASALI2, MATEUS CASSOL CELLA3, ALFRAN TELLECHEA MARTINI4 1 Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus de Frederico Westphalen, Linha 7 de Setembro, s/n, BR 386, km 40, CEP 98400-000, Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, silveira_farias@hotmail.com. 2 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima n°1000, Bairro Camobi, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, josefernandoschlosser@gmail.com; leonardo.casali@yahoo.com.br. 3 Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima n°1000, Bairro Camobi, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, mateus996@gmail.com. 4 Coordenadoria Acadêmica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus de Cachoeira do Sul, Rua Ernesto Barros, n° 1345, Bairro Santo Antônio, CEP 96506-310, Cachoeira do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, alfrantm@gmail.com. RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a demanda energética requerida por uma semeadora-adubadora para plantio direto, com diferentes configurações de sulcadores na implantação da cultura da soja, em áreas de várzea. O experimento foi conduzido em duas áreas agrícolas, tipicamente cultivadas com arroz irrigado, localizadas na região Central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos aleatorizados, em arranjo bifatorial, sendo avaliadas quatro configurações de sulcadores (haste sulcadora, haste sulcadora com sistema tapa-sulco, disco ondulado e disco duplo), em duas áreas de características distintas (área agrícola 1 e área agrícola 2). As variáveis estudadas foram: força na barra de tração, velocidade real de trabalho, patinamento das rodas motrizes do trator e consumo específico de combustível. Com base nas análises dos resultados obtidos neste estudo pode-se afirmar que, os mecanismos sulcadores influenciam na demanda energética do conjunto mecanizado, independentemente da área agrícola. O consumo específico de combustível com o uso de hastes sulcadoras quando comparado aos discos foi 0,7 vezes menor, para ambas as áreas. Palavras-chave: mecanização agrícola, força de tração, consumo de combustível, eficiência. ENERGY DEMAND OF IN SOYBEAN SOWING WITH DIFFERENT FURROWER CONFIGURATIONS ABSTRACT: This research aimed to evaluate the energy demand required by a seeder-fertilizer for direct planting, with different configurations of furrowers in the implantation of soybean culture, in lowland areas. The experiment was conducted in two agricultural areas, typically cultivated with irrigated rice, located in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. A randomized block design was used, in a bifactorial arrangement, and four furrow configurations (shank, shank with furrow-groove system, corrugated disc and double disc) were evaluated in two areas with different characteristics (agricultural area 1 and agricultural area 2). The variables studied were drawbar pull, real travel speed, the slippage of the driving wheels of the tractor and specific fuel consumption. Based on the analysis of the results obtained in this study, it can be said that the furrow mechanisms influence the energy demand of the mechanized set, regardless of the agricultural area. Specific fuel consumption with the use of shanks instead of disks was 0.7 times lower, for both areas. Keywords: Agricultural mechanization, drawbar pull, fuel consumption, efficiency
6
O'Neill, T. J., D. Bhattacharya, S. Blair, G. Case, O. T. Tumer, R. S. White, and A. D. Zych. "The TIGRE desktop prototype results for 511 and 900 keV gamma rays." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 42, no. 4 (1995): 933–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/23.467768.
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Boiça Jr., Arlindo L., Fernando M. Lara, and Flávio P. Guidi. "Resistência de genótipos de milho ao ataque de Sitophilus zeamais Mots. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 26, no. 3 (December 1997): 481–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0301-80591997000300010.
Анотація:
Avaliação da resistência de genótipos de milho ao ataque de Sitophilus zeamais Mots., em condições de laboratório, em testes com e sem chance de escolha, indicaram que os genótipos menos atrativos ao inseto foram C-701 e C-505 (8,5% e 10,43% dos insetos liberados), enquanto que C-525 e C-606 (33,25% e 21,72%) foram os mais atrativos. Os genótipos C-511, C-505, C-525 e C-125 proporcionaram a emergência de menor número de insetos e de peso de grãos consumidos (5,0 insetos e 0,1g; 8,1 e 0,1; 8,5 e 0,2; 9,9 e 0,2), quando comparados ao C-606, C-805, C-701 e C-135 com maiores valores (24,2 insetos e 0,6g; 18,6 e 0,5; 20,4 e 0,5; 20,1 e 0,5 respectivamente).
8
Hamieh, Lana, Rana R. McKay, Xun Lin, Ronit Simantov, and Toni K. Choueiri. "Characterization of patients (pts) with poor risk metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC): Results from a pooled clinical trials database." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2017): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.6_suppl.515.
Анотація:
515 Background: Survival outcomes are heterogeneous across different subsets of mRCC pts. Poor risk pts have grim outcomes and are less likely to be enrolled in clinical trials, hence the lack of prospective data characterizing this pt population. We provide a comprehensive analysis of poor risk pts, as defined by three widely used prognostic models, in the era of targeted therapy. Methods: We conducted a pooled retrospective analysis of 4,736 mRCC pts treated on phase II and III clinical trials. Pts were defined as poor risk according to the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), International Metastatic Database Consortium (IMDC), and Hudes prognostic risk models. We evaluated overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and adverse events (AEs) in poor risk pts in each of the risk models in the total cohort and in a subset of pts who remained on treatment for >12 months (mos). The models’ concordance (c-) index was used to assess their prognostic performance. Results: We identified 1145 (24.2%), 904 (19.1%), and 1901 (40.1%) poor risk pts by IMDC, MSKCC, and Hudes models, respectively. The majority were <65 years of age (70-73%) with clear-cell histology (85-88%), prior nephrectomy (62-66%), and no prior systemic therapy (80-86%). The efficacy and toxicity outcomes as well as the c-indexes for each of the models are reported in the table below. Additionally, 9-14% of poor risk pts remained on therapy for >12 mos and had higher OS (29.8-35.2 mos) and ORR (42-53%). Conclusions: In this large database of poor risk mRCC pts, we highlight that the models have similar predictive accuracy in the targeted therapy era. We also demonstrate that poor risk pts continue to have dismal outcomes and should be considered for trials of novel agents and combinations. A subset of these pts appears to derive prolonged clinical benefit and should be further explored.[Table: see text]
9
Ntah, Z. L. Epossi, R. Sobott, B. Fabbri, and K. Bente. "Characterization of some archaeological ceramics and clay samples from Zamala - Far-northern part of Cameroon (West Central Africa)." Cerâmica 63, no. 367 (September 2017): 413–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132017633672192.
Анотація:
Abstract Seventeen ceramics samples (515±95 BP, about 580 years old) and two clay raw materials from Zamala (Far-northern, Cameroon) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (DTA/TG) and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The aim of the work was the deduction of the production technology and provenance of these ceramics. With the exception of one sample the analysed ceramics formed a homogeneous chemical and mineralogical group. The observed mineralogical phases were quartz, mica (biotite), potassium feldspar (microcline) and plagioclase (albite and oligoclase). The XRD study of two local clays yielded the presence of quartz, kaolinite, mica, feldspar and plagioclase. The presence of the broad endothermic peak in the DTA/TG curves of the clays and its absence in the curves of the ceramics indicated that the firing temperature of the ceramics was above 550-600 °C, which is the temperature of the kaolinite-metakaolinite transformation. The firing experiments of the clay between 400-1200 °C in oxidizing atmosphere showed that mica disappeared above 900 °C. Therefore, the firing temperature of the sherds should have been between 600-900 °C. The chemical correlation between ceramics and local clay materials pointed out to a local production of these ceramics.
10
Witzgall, Helmut, Reinhard Lorenz, Klaus Von Werder, and Peter C. Weber. "Dopamine reduces aldosterone and 18-hydroxycorticosterone response to angiotensin II in patients with essential low-renin hypertension and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism." Clinical Science 68, no. 3 (March 1, 1985): 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0680291.
Анотація:
1. Plasma aldosterone, 18-hydroxycorticosterone (18-OH-B), 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone (18-OH-DOC), corticosterone, cortisol and prolactin levels were determined during an angiotensin II infusion at increasing rates both with and without a simultaneous infusion of dopamine in seven normotensive subjects, in ten patients with essential hypertension, and in ten patients with primary aldosteronism. In a second set of experiments, maximum increases of these plasma levels were determined after metoclopramide (10 mg intravenously) in all subgroups. 2. As compared with the other groups, an exaggerated angiotensin II-induced response of plasma aldosterone and 18-OH-B levels was observed in the five patients with low-renin essential hypertension (LREH) and in five patients with idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA). 3. Dopamine reduced the maximal increase of aldosterone and of 18-OH-B after angiotensin II to 259 ± 48 (sem) pg/ml and 511 ± 152 pg/ml repectively in LREH (without dopamine: 515 ± 74 and 908 ± 201 respectively; P<0.05), and to 466 ± 197 and 741 ± 212 in IHA (without dopamine: 766 ± 193 and 1264 ± 337 respectively; P<0.05). 4. The maximal increases of plasma aldosterone, 18-OH-B, and prolactin after metoclopramide (10 mg intravenously) were higher (P<0.01) in patients with LREH and in patients with primary aldosteronism. Plasma levels of 18-OH-DOC, corticosterone and cortisol were not affected by the stimuli applied. 5. The exaggerated response to metoclopramide as well as to angiotensin II and its reversion only by pharmacological doses of dopamine are consistent with an increased but ineffective dopamine inhibition of aldosterone and 18-OH-B in LREH and IHA.
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Кузнецов, Александр Иванович, Фирдаус Габдрахмановна Гизатуллина, Дмитрий Сергеевич Брюханов та Наталья Петровна Смолякова. "Влияние молочной продуктивности свиноматок на скорость роста, развитие и сохранность поросят". АПК России 29, № 4 (30 листопада 2022): 515–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.55934/10.55934/2587-8824-2022-29-4-515-519.
Анотація:
Для изучения влияния молочной продуктивности свиноматок на скорость роста, развитие и сохранность поросят под свиноматками крупной белой породы с разной молочной продуктивностью в начале второй лактации было создано 10 групп аналогичных пометов в каждом по 10 поросят. Исследования проводили в течение 222 дней в условиях свинофермы «Сибайское», Республика Башкортостан. Первая группа включала 5 свиноматок с высокой молокопродукцией – 255,2 кг молока за 45 суток лактации, вторая – 5 свиноматок с низкой молокопродукцией – 234,2 кг молока. Молокопродукцию определяли методом А. И. Кузнецова (1991). Было установлено, что в группе поросят, выращенных под высокомолочными свиноматками, напряженность роста оказалась больше в сравнении с животными, выращенными под свиноматками с низкой молокопродукцией. За весь период наблюдений интенсивность роста у них была на уровне 10 900,0 %, в среднем за 1 сутки она составила 47,8 %. Такая интенсивность роста обеспечила увеличение живой массы в среднем за сутки 578,9±7,10 г и достижение живого веса 129,72±2,3 кг. При этом на каждую кормящую матку в конце подсосного периода пришлось по 9,5 поросенка. В пометах, находившихся под матками с низкой молокопродукцией, напряженность роста оказалась меньше в сравнении с их сверстниками, выращенными под свиноматками с высокой молокопродукцией. За весь период наблюдений интенсивность роста установлена на уровне 9586,4 %, что в расчете на 1 день составило 42,9 %. Такая напряженность роста обеспечила увеличение живой массы в среднем за сутки 525,8±11,3 г, а массу тела –115,56±2,1 кг. При этом сохранность составила 84,9 %, что составило на каждую свиноматку по 8,5 поросенка. Эти параметры оказались меньше, чем у их сверстников, находившихся под матками с высокой молочной продуктивностью, соответственно на 12,7; 9,6, 9,9 %.
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Padmanabhan, Swaminathan, Hima Bansal, Manjeet Rao, and Sanjay Bansal. "**511 Hsp90 Inhibitor STA-9090 Down-Regulates Expression of Hsp90 Client Protein WT1 in Myeloid Leukemia Cells." Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma and Leukemia 11 (June 2011): S129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clml.2011.05.023.
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Kudryavtsev, A. S., and K. A. Okhapkin. "Effect of long-term thermal aging in heat exchange equipment of fast neutron switchgears on the structure and properties of austenitic chromium-nickel steel." Izvestiya Visshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Chernaya Metallurgiya = Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 61, no. 11 (December 24, 2018): 907–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2018-11-907-913.
Анотація:
The influence of long-term operation at 515 °C on structure and properties of 09Cr18Ni9 steel was investigated. Structure and phase composition were obtained using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The phase composition of the steel in equilibrium state was determined by thermodynamic modeling in the software package Fact-Sage. As a result of the study, it was found that during the operation at 515 °C with a duration of 195,000 h, the structure changes occurred in the 09Cr18Ni9 steel with the formation of secondary phases, initiated by the release of elements with limited solubility from the supersaturated solid solution. The following secondary precipitates in structure of the solid solution of austenite presented: Cr23C6 chromium carbide, ferrite (a), G-phase. Based on comparison of the thermodynamic modeling results and on experimental determination of the phase composition, it was established that the steel structure is in a state close to equilibrium. The mechanism of structural transformations course and sequence of the secondary phases’ formation were revealed and described. At the initial stage, chromium carbide is formed, then a-ferrite is formed near the carbides, and then G-phase is formed. Results of the tests for impact strength and static elongation have shown that the change in phase composition in process of thermal aging leads to embrittlement of the steel - a reduction in ductility and impact energy. Fractografic studies of fracture surfaces of the samples have shown that the decrease in plasticity during long-term high-temperature operation is associated with softening of the grain body and strengthening of the boundaries due to secondary precipitations of the carbide phase. As a result of this process, plastic deformation is localized in the weakened volume of the body of grain surrounded by strong boundaries. The structure evolution during prolonged heat aging has the greatest effect on impact strength. At the same time, the change in ultimate and yield stress is insignificant. The main contribution to the change in mechanical characteristics of steel is made by the secondary precipitates of the carbide phase.
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Sun, Xiao Xia, Ze Biao Tang, and Yu Hu. "Synthesis of a Novel D-A Type Photoelectrical Material: 5,5'-(9,9-Dioctyl-9H-Fluorene-2,7-Diyl)bis(Thiophene-2-Carbaldehyde)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.408.
Анотація:
A donor-acceptor organic molecule based on fluorene unit as an electron donor and aldehyde group as an electron acceptor has been demonstrated in high yields over four steps. This approach offers a much milder and more efficient route to synthesize the target compound via the Vilsmeier-Haack reaction. Optical spectra show that the electron-accepting groups induce an intermolecular charge transfer, resulting in a shift of the absorbance maximum toward longer wavelength. Such D-A type intermediate compounds as organic molecules display a significantly improved property profile in photoelectrical materials for applications in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic photovoltaics (OPVs), and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs).
15
Kutluk, M. Tezer, and Akif Yeşilipek. "Pediatric cancer registry in Turkey 2009-2019 (TPOG & TPHD)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e22513-e22513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e22513.
Анотація:
e22513 Background: The pediatric cancer registry is an essential element of pediatric cancer control. More than 200000 pediatric cancer cases annually are expected in children and adolescents aged 0-14 globally. The current efforts are focusing to improve the survival rates for children and adolescents in LMICs since the survival has already exceeded 80% in most of the high income countries. Here we present the most updated results of the pediatric cancer registry in Turkey. Methods: Pediatric cancer registry has been established by theTurkish Pediatric Oncology Group and Turkish Pediatric Hematology Association in 2002. The childhood cancer cases registered between 2009-2019 was included in this analysis. International Childhood Cancer Classification System was used for the classification. Essential demographic findings, ICD-O-3 morphology and topography codes were recorded for each case. Results: During the 11 years from 2009 to 2019, 17770 cases were registered. For all cases, median age was 6.8 year (0-17; M/F 9973/7789, 3 hermaphrodite, 5 unknown). Age distribution was 0-4 yrs, 40.3%; 5-9 yrs, 24.0%; 10-14 yrs, 23.6%; 15-19 yrs, 12.1%) The distribution of the tumor types were [number of cases, percentage of total, median age yrs, M/F]: Leukemia (4570, 25.7%, 5.5, 2633/1937); Lymphoma & other RES tumors (3477, 19.6%, 9.9, 2324/1150, 1 hermaphrodite & 2 unknown); CNS [brain & spinal] (2493, 14.0%, 6.9, 1363/1129, 1 unkown); Symphatetic system (1426, 8.0%, 2.4, 743/683); Retinoblastoma (348, 2.0%, 1.5, 204/144); Renal (905, 5.1%, 3.2, 435/469, 1 unknown); Liver (304, 1.7%, 1.8, 172/132); Malignant bone (1209, 6.8%, 12.6, 658/551); Soft tissue sarcomas (1221, 6.9%, 7.5, 703/518); Germ cell (1165, 6.6%, 8.8, 426/736, 2 hermaphrodite, 1 unknown); Carcinoma & other malignant epithelial (533, 3.0%, 13.8, 254/279); Other/non-specific malignant (119, 0.7%, 8.5, 58/61). Five year survival rate was found as 71.9%. Conclusions: The data is the most essential part of the cancer control.This registry has been used widely among professionals since its establishment in 2002. Survival rates for children and adolescents has been improved to 70%. This is at the acceptable level for the income level of Turkey which is classified as an upper middle income country. The registry is a useful source for investigators and decision makers at national and international level.
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Salisu, B., S. M. Anua, W. R. Wan Ishak, and N. Mazlan. "Mycotoxigenic fungi contamination of grains and peanuts from open markets in Kelantan, Malaysia." Food Research 6, no. 1 (January 16, 2022): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.6(1).511.
Анотація:
The warm weather and high relative humidity in Malaysia are ideal for the survival and proliferation of mycotoxigenic fungi leading to a high rate of stored product contamination. This study was conducted to enumerate and characterise the mycotoxigenic fungi associated with commonly consumed food grains in Kelantan, Malaysia. The fungal bioburden and fungal identification from forty-four composite food samples comprising 11 samples each of maize, wheat, rice, and peanuts from open markets in Kelantan, Malaysia, were determined using standard mycological techniques. A total of 115 mould fungal isolates belonging to 12 species were isolated, of which Aspergillus flavus (17.39%), A. versicolor (13.04%), A. felis (12.17%), Neoscytalidium dimidiatum (11.3%), Penicillium cheresanum (11.3%) and P. chrysogenum (8.7%), were predominant. Peanuts were the most contaminated (9.7×105 ± 1.5×105 CFU/g) followed by maize (7.5×105 ± 1.8×106 CFU/g), wheat (1.9×105 ± 2.6×105 CFU/g), and rice (9.9×104 ± 1.5×105 CFU/g). The levels of the mycotoxigenic fungi in peanut, maize, and wheat were above the permissible limit of 102 CFU/g set by the Malaysian Ministry of Health and 102 to 105 CFU/g set by the International Commission for Microbiological Specification for Foods, signifying that they are unsafe for use as food or feed ingredients. Hence, there is a need for more stringent control measures.
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Forero-Torres, Andres, Mehdi Hamadani, Michelle A. Fanale, Celeste M. Bello, Thomas J. Kipps, Fritz Offner, Gregor Verhoef, et al. "Safety Profile and Clinical Response To MEDI-551, a Humanized Monoclonal Anti-CD19, In a Phase 1/2 Study In Adults With Relapsed Or Refractory Advanced B-Cell Malignancies." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 1810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.1810.1810.
Анотація:
Abstract Background MEDI-551 is an affinity-optimized and afucosylated humanized IgG kappa monoclonal antibody directed against CD19 and induces malignant clone destruction by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. This study evaluates the safety profile and clinical activity of MEDI-551 in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies. These include chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and multiple myeloma (MM). Objectives Determine the safety profile and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of MEDI-551 in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies. Secondary objectives include clinical activity of MEDI-551. Methods In this phase 1/2 open-label multicenter, global dose-escalation and expansion study, patients with relapsed or refractory CLL, DLBCL, FL, or MM received MEDI-551 (at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, or 12 mg/kg) by intravenous infusion administered over 28-day cycles using standard 3+3 dose escalation. Dose escalation continued to the maximum dose ≤12 mg/kg or until MTD was reached. Therapy continued for 2 cycles beyond complete response (CR), or until unacceptable toxicity or disease progression. Dose-limiting toxicity was defined as a MEDI-551-related adverse event (AE) that prevented completion of a full first cycle of MEDI-551, or as a ≥grade 3 toxicity (excluding hematologic toxicity) that could not be ascribed to another cause. Results Of 91 patients who received ≥1 dose of MEDI-551, 25 patients (CLL [3], DLBCL [6], FL [12], MM [4]) were enrolled in the phase 1 escalation portion (Jun 2010–Aug 2011). No MTD was achieved. The phase 2 expansion phase included 66 patients (CLL [23], DLBCL [20], FL [22], MM [1]) as of 14Jul2013. Three patients were re-treated with MEDI-551 upon relapse. Median age of patients treated was 66 years; median lines of prior therapy was 6. The median number of treatment cycles was 5 with a maximum of 28 cycles. There were 14 deaths due to AEs (none were drug-related) and 15 subjects discontinued treatment. One subject each discontinued due to drug-related neutropenia and infusion reaction. Most AEs were grade 1/2 with dose-independent frequency and severity (Table). Of 91 patients, 5 (5.5%) patients had grade 4 TEAEs (2 with drug-related neutropenia) and 9 (9.9%) had grade 5 events, none were drug related. Of 19 patients with 38 serious AEs (SAE), 2 patients had 3 events that were considered drug-related; pneumonia and sepsis in 1 patient and infusion related reaction in the other. Of 83 patients in the efficacy evaluable population (includes all patients who received any treatment of MEDI-551 and completed at least 1 post-baseline disease assessment), 9 had CR, 12 had partial responses (PR) and 42 had stable disease (SD; Figure 1). ORR to single-agent MEDI-551 was 24%, 24%, or 31% respectively in heavily pre-treated patients with CLL, DLBCL, or FL. Median progression-free survival was ≈9 months (Figure 2). Conclusions MEDI-551 has an acceptable safety profile warranting further study. Anti-tumor activity was achieved in a heavily pre-treated population of DLBCL, CLL, and FL patients respectively in this single-agent study. Phase 2 studies of MEDI-551 in combination with chemotherapy in DLBCL and CLL are ongoing. Funding Source This study was sponsored by MedImmune. Disclosures: Forero-Torres: MedImmune: Research Funding. Hamadani:MedImmune: Research Funding. Fanale:MedImmune: Research Funding. Bello:MedImmune: Research Funding. Kipps:MedImmune: Research Funding. Offner:MedImmune: Research Funding. Verhoef:MedImmune: Research Funding. Federico:MedImmune: Research Funding. Gregory:MedImmune: Research Funding. Sonet:MedImmune: Research Funding. Assouline:MedImmune: Research Funding. Pérez de Oteyza:MedImmune: Research Funding. Tomas:MedImmune: Research Funding. Cuneo:MedImmune: Research Funding. Elgeioushi:MedImmune: Employment, Stock/stock options from AstraZeneca Other. Goswami:MedImmune: Employment, Stock/stock options from AstraZeneca Other. Ibrahim:MedImmune: Employment, Stock/stock options from AstraZeneca Other. Herbst:MedImmune: Employment, Stock/stock options from AstraZeneca Other. Cheson:MedImmune: Research Funding.
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Chen, Fei, Qiang Shen, and Lian Meng Zhang. "Pressureless Sintering of Silicon Nitride Porous Ceramics with High Porosity and Bimodal Pore Structure." Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (June 2012): 873–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.873.
Анотація:
In this paper, silicon nitride porous ceramics with high porosity and bimodal pore structure were prepared using pressureless sintering at 900~1100°C. In these porous ceramics, zirconium phosphate (ZrP2O7) was used as a binder and starch and naphthalene powders were used as pore forming agents. The obtained results showed that the porosity could be controlled in the range of 34 % to 70 % by changing the content of pore forming agents. The pores were formed by the continuous reaction of ZrP2O7 at ~250 °C and burnout of starch at ~550 °C (when starch was used as a pore forming agent), or sublimation of naphthalene at 80°C (when naphthalene was used as a pore forming agent). The bimodal pore structure was produced with pore size of less than 0.5m and ~10 m when using starch as a pore forming agent and the pore size of less than 0.5m and ~30μm when using naphthalene as a pore forming agent.
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Fukizawa, Mizuki, Yoshimasa Tanaka, Yasunobu Ogawa, Keisuke Hosokawa, Tero Raita, and Kirsti Kauristie. "Three-dimensional ionospheric conductivity associated with pulsating auroral patches: reconstruction from ground-based optical observations." Annales Geophysicae 41, no. 2 (November 20, 2023): 511–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-41-511-2023.
Анотація:
Abstract. Pulsating auroras (PsAs) appear over a wide area within the aurora oval in the midnight–morning–noon sector. In previous studies, observations by magnetometers on board satellites have reported the presence of field-aligned currents (FACs) near the edges and interiors of pulsating aurora patches. PsAs are thus a key research target for understanding the magnetosphere–ionosphere coupling process. However, the three-dimensional (3-D) structure of the electric currents has yet to be clarified, since each satellite observation is limited to a single dimension along its orbit. This study's aim was a reconstruction of the 3-D structure of ionospheric conductivity, which is necessary to elucidate the 3-D ionospheric current. Tomographic analysis was used to estimate the 3-D ionospheric conductivity for rapidly changing auroral phenomena such as PsAs. The reconstructed Hall conductivity reached its maximum value of 1.4 × 10−3 S m−1 at 94 km altitude, while the Pedersen conductivity reached its maximum value of 2.6 × 10−4 S m−1 at 116 km altitude. A secondary peak in the Pedersen conductivity, due to electron motion, at 9.9 × 10−5 S m−1 appears at 86 km altitude. The electron Pedersen conductivity maximum value in the D region was approximately 38 % of the ion Pedersen conductivity maximum value in the E region. The FAC, derived under the assumption of a uniform ionospheric electric field, was approximately 70 µA m−2 near the edge of the PsA patch. This FAC value was approximately 10 times that observed by satellites in previous studies. If the conductivity around the patch is underestimated or the assumption of a uniform field distribution is incorrect, the FAC could be overestimated. By contrast, due to sharper boundary structures, the FAC could actually have had such a large FAC.
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Wang, Xin Shelley, Fengmin Zhao, Michael Fisch, Tito R. Mendoza, Ann M. O'Mara, David Cella, and Charles S. Cleeland. "Defining mild, moderate, and severe fatigue in cancer patients and survivors: E2Z02, a trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): 9099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.9099.
Анотація:
9099 Background: Although mild, moderate and severe categories have been used in clinical guidelines for fatigue management in cancer patients, the optimal cutpoints on a 0-10 scale for delineating these categories have not been replicated. Methods: A multicenter ECOG study (E2Z02) enrolled breast, lung, prostate, or colorectal cancer patients with any treatment status. Fatigue and symptom interference were measured on the 0-10 numerical rating scale of the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI). The optimal boundaries for categorizing fatigue severity were determined by the largest F ratios from MANOVA (Serlin’s criteria, 1995). Logistic regression with robust standard errors was used to identify risk factors for moderate/severe fatigue for cancer survivors (defined as patients with no evidence of disease and receiving no cancer treatment). Results: The optimal cutpoints that identified 3 distinct levels of fatigue severity for the 2341 patients were: ratings of 1-3 as mild, 4-6 as moderate, and 7-10 as severe. Known-group validity for these cutpoints was established by significant differences of fatigue severity by ECOG performance status and patient-reported quality of life (all P<0.001). Using these cutpoints, 45% (983/2177) of patients undergoing active therapy had moderate/severe fatigue, with significant more mild fatigue in breast and colorectal cancer patients, while more severe fatigue in lung cancer patients (p<.001). Among cancer survivors, 29% (150/515) had moderate/severe fatigue (breast 31%, colorectal 27%, prostate 22%, lung 33%). Younger age (OR=0.97, 95% CI=0.95-0.99) and poor performance status (OR=4.21, 95% CI=2.36-7.51) were associated with more moderate/severe fatigue in cancer survivors. Survivor time was also associated with moderate/severe fatigue in breast and colorectal cancer survivors (>=5yrs vs. <5yrs: OR=0.23, P<0.01 for breast, OR=9.3, P=0.03 for colorectal). Conclusions: This multicenter study confirmed the standard cutpoints for fatigue severity used in NCCN fatigue management guidelines. It also provides a profile of moderate to severe fatigue prevalence for actively treated cancer patients and for cancer survivors.
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Cai, Peng, Xianping Wu, Zhihao Liu, Ying Deng, Xiaofang Chen, Guanghui Yi, Jiang Xu, Shirong Huang, and Rongsheng Luan. "Analysis of the burden and trend of injury in Sichuan, China, from 2006 to 2015: results from the national injury surveillance system." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (November 2019): e031184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031184.
Анотація:
ObjectiveThis study investigates the distribution, burden and trends of injuries in Sichuan, China.DesignA surveillance study using injury data collected by the National Injury Surveillance System.Setting and participants312 511 injury cases reported in the National Injury Surveillance System in Sichuan, China, from 2006 to 2015.Primary outcome measuresYears of potential life lost (YPLL) were calculated to determine the disease burden from injuries. Trend analysis was performed to assess the trends in specific injuries over time.ResultsA total of 312 511 injury cases were reported in the last 10 years in Sichuan with 192 904 (men: 58.58%) and 119 607 (men: 67.11%) cases from the urban and rural surveillance hospitals, respectively. The annual number of injury cases increased from 21 257 in 2006 to 44 112 in 2015 with an average annual increase of 8.45%. The top three common causes of injury were fall (29.3%), animal-related injury (19.1%) and road-related injury (14.6%) in the urban area and fall (38.4%), road-related injury (17.2%) and blunt injuries (16.0%) in the rural area. YPLLs from injuries accounted for 13% of the total YPLLs in the urban area.ConclusionsThe number of injury cases varied according to rural/urban areas and gender and increased sharply in Sichuan over the last decade. It is necessary to develop targeted prevention and control measures to reduce the disease burden of injuries.
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Gaja, Vijay, Jacqueline Cawthray, Clarence R. Geyer, and Humphrey Fonge. "Production and Semi-Automated Processing of 89Zr Using a Commercially Available TRASIS MiniAiO Module." Molecules 25, no. 11 (June 5, 2020): 2626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25112626.
Анотація:
The increased interest in 89Zr-labelled immunoPET imaging probes for use in preclinical and clinical studies has led to a rising demand for the isotope. The highly penetrating 511 and 909 keV photons emitted by 89Zr deliver an undesirably high radiation dose, which makes it difficult to produce large amounts manually. Additionally, there is a growing demand for Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)-grade radionuclides for clinical applications. In this study, we have adopted the commercially available TRASIS mini AllinOne (miniAiO) automated synthesis unit to achieve efficient and reproducible batches of 89Zr. This automated module is used for the target dissolution and separation of 89Zr from the yttrium target material. The 89Zr is eluted with a very small volume of oxalic acid (1.5 mL) directly over the sterile filter into the final vial. Using this sophisticated automated purification method, we obtained satisfactory amount of 89Zr in high radionuclidic and radiochemical purities in excess of 99.99%. The specific activity of three production batches were calculated and was found to be in the range of 1351–2323 MBq/µmol. ICP-MS analysis of final solutions showed impurity levels always below 1 ppm.
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Ahluwalia, Manmeet, Stephanie Pugh, Benjamin Ellingson, Rupesh Kotecha, Timothy Cloughesy, Michael Vogelbaum, Kenneth Aldape, Yunfeng Cui, Terri Armstrong, and Minesh Mehta. "RBTT-11. NRG ONCOLOGY NRG-BN006: A PHASE II/III RANDOMIZED, OPEN-LABEL STUDY OF TOCA 511 AND TOCA FC WITH STANDARD OF CARE COMPARED TO STANDARD OF CARE IN PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (November 2019): vi220—vi221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.922.
Анотація:
Abstract The standard of care (SOC) in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (nGBM) includes resection and chemoradiotherapy. With a median overall survival (OS) of only 16–18 months for well-selected patients in clinical trials, better therapeutic options are needed. Toca 511 (vocimagene amiretrorepvec) is a retroviral replicating vector encoding a codon optimized, heat stabilized cytosine deaminase that converts Toca FC (extended-release 5- fluorocytosine,5-FC) into 5-fluorouracil. Preclinical evidence demonstrates that Toca 511 & 5-FC kill cancer cells and immunosuppressive myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment, leading to durable antitumor immune responses. Three phase (P) 1 studies in patients with recurrent high grade glioma have demonstrated tolerable safety profile and encouraging efficacy. NRG-BN006 is a randomized P2/3 trial of Toca 511 & Toca FC with SOC versus SOC for patients with nGBM. Optune use is allowed on the SOC arm, but not on the experimental arm. Patients will be stratified by age and KPS score for 1:1 randomization. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival for P2 and OS for P3. The secondary endpoints include objective response rate in patients with measurable disease and safety. Key inclusion criteria include presumptive diagnosis of glioblastoma with anticipated 80% resection, unifocal tumor, and KPS≥70. Immune monitoring and molecular profiling will be performed. P2 has 90% power to detect a hazard ratio (HR)=0.67 in 250 nGBM patients. P3 has 85% power to detect a HR=0.75 in 720 nGBM patients. Since patients are enrolled prior to surgery and confirmatory diagnosis of GBM, approximately 900 patients will be enrolled, and two interim analyses are planned for OS. In addition, two interim safety analyses will be conducted for the experimental treatment, with the first 15 and 30 eligible and analyzable patients randomized to the experimental arm. NRG-BN006 is anticipated to start enrollment in Q4 2019. Supported by grants U10CA180868, U10CA180822 from NCI and Tocagen.
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Nikishina, E. E. "Heterophase synthesis of ferrite cobalt Elena E. Nikishina." Fine Chemical Technologies 16, no. 6 (January 27, 2022): 502–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2021-16-6-502-511.
Анотація:
Objectives. The study aimed to develop new methods for the synthesis of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4), which is a precursor for the synthesis of CoFe2O4-based functional materials, as well as to study the physicochemical properties of the obtained phases.Methods. Two methods were used for the synthesis of CoFe2O4: (1) heterophase interaction of hydrated iron oxide with cobalt(II, III) oxide and (2) heterophase interaction of hydrated iron oxide with an aqueous solution of cobalt(II) sulfate (CCo = 0.147 mol/L, solid/liquid = 1:43). In both cases, the precursor was hydrated iron oxide (Fe2O3, 84.4 wt %), which was obtained by the heterophase interaction of iron(III) chloride with a concentrated ammonia solution (6.0–9.5 mol/L). The resulting intermediate products were subjected to thermal treatment at 750 °C (synthesis 1) and at 900 °C (synthesis 2) for 10–30 h in increments of 10 h. The synthesized phases and products of their thermolysis were studied by differential thermal analysis and differential thermogravimetry (DTA–DTG), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRDA), and granulometry.Results. The hydrated iron oxide sample remained amorphous even up to the crystallization temperature of 445 °C, which corresponds to the exothermic effect on the DTA curve. Further heating led to the α-modification of iron(III) oxide of the hexagonal system (a = b = 5.037 ± 0.002 Å; c = 13.74 ± 0.01 Å), which has an average particle size of 1.1 μm. XRDA results showed that a synthesis temperature of 750 °C (synthesis 1) and a heat treatment duration of 30 h were sufficient for the formation of a single-phase cobalt ferrite (a = 8.388 ± 0.002 Å) with an average particle diameter of 1.9 μm. For synthesis 2, a higher temperature of 900 °C was used because sample weight loss (about 12.5%) was observed in the temperature range of 720–810 °C based on the DTA results, which was due to the removal of SO2 and SO3. Moreover, when synthesis temperature and duration were at 900 °C and 30 h, respectively, CoFe2O4 with a = 8.389 ± 0.002 Å was formed. The results of the granulometric analysis showed that particles of different diameters were formed. The smallest particle size (1.5 μm) of cobalt ferrite was obtained by the heterophase interaction of hydrated iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3, 84.4 wt %) with an aqueous solution of cobalt sulfate with CCo = 0.147 mol/L. Conclusions. Depending on the method used for the synthesis of cobalt ferrite, particles of different diameters are formed. The smallest particle size of cobalt ferrite was obtained from the heterophase interaction of hydrated iron(III) oxide with an aqueous solution of cobalt(II) sulfate.
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Vemula, Sai Vikram, Wenxin Xu, Yu Wang, Xiaowen Liu, Jorge Ruiz de Somocurcio, David McDermott, Jun Li, et al. "Abstract 5151: High serum kidney injury marker-1 and high baseline tumor PD-L1 protein expression levels are independently associated with treatment effect in adjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab vs placebo in localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 5151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-5151.
Анотація:
Abstract Introduction: CheckMate 914 (CM-914) Part A is a double-blind, phase III randomized trial of the Nivolumab (NIVO) plus Ipilimumab (IPI) vs placebo (PBO) in localized ccRCC. Our prior report from this study suggested a disease-free survival (DFS) benefit for NIVO+IPI among patients with Fuhrman grade 4, TNM stages PT2a and PT4, or sarcomatoid features, although the sample size was limited. It is known that high circulating KIM-1 is associated with worse DFS after nephrectomy. In this exploratory post hoc analysis, we investigated whether high KIM-1 may help identify a subset of patients who benefit from adjuvant NIVO+IPI. Methods: Patients (n=816) with RCC after nephrectomy were randomized in CM-914 Part A to receive NIVO+IPI or PBO as previously described. Assessment of KIM-1 levels was performed using enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) on pre-treatment (n=584) and matched on-treatment blood samples (n=584). We used pre-treatment tumor samples to assess PD-L1% tumor cell expression (%TC) in an PD-L1 IHC 28-8 pharm Dx assay. The association between biomarkers and DFS outcomes was investigated by Kaplan-Meier (KM) and Cox proportional hazards analysis. Results: Median baseline serum KIM-1 level was 102 (9.9 - 1055.7) pg/mL. Serum KIM-1 levels were higher in males vs females, ≥65 yrs vs <65 yrs, Asian vs white patients, and patients with partial vs radical nephrectomy. In the PBO arm, subjects with highest quartile of pre-treatment KIM-1 had significantly worse DFS than those from the three lower quartiles. In contrast, this DFS risk among the subjects within the highest KIM-1 quartile was mitigated with NIVO+IPI treatment. Among patients within the highest quartile of pre-treatment KIM-1, there was trend for better DFS for NIVO+IPI versus PBO, HR=0.6 (0.34-1.04). Increase in KIM-1 during study therapy was positively associated with higher DFS rate in both arms. Multivariable analysis showed that PD-L1 %TC was predictive at predefined PD-L1 cutoffs (>=1%, >=5%, and >=10%), associating with improved DFS compared to placebo. Subjects with high PD-L1 expression had a DFS benefit from NIVO+IPI independent of KIM-1. Conclusion: Circulating KIM-1 and tumor PD-L1 expression may enrich for benefit from IO therapy in adjuvant ccRCC and hence holds promise for informing risk stratification and patient inclusion in neoadjuvant or adjuvant clinical trials. Citation Format: Sai Vikram Vemula, Wenxin Xu, Yu Wang, Xiaowen Liu, Jorge Ruiz de Somocurcio, David McDermott, Jun Li, Rupal Bhatt, Chung-Wei Lee, Burcin Simsek, Saurabh Gupta, Robert Motzer. High serum kidney injury marker-1 and high baseline tumor PD-L1 protein expression levels are independently associated with treatment effect in adjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab vs placebo in localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 5151.
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Pascua Mateo, Fabio. "Órganos directivos de los Ministerios y servicios comunes." Asamblea. Revista parlamentaria de la Asamblea de Madrid 2, no. 2 (June 1, 2004): 197–245. http://dx.doi.org/10.59991/rvam/2004/vol2.m.2/902.
Анотація:
Sumario: I. LOS SUBSECRETARIOS.—1.1. Aspectos formales.—1.2. Evolución histórica.—1.3. Estatuto personal. El principio de profesionalización de los órganos directivos.—1.4. Posición en la estructura del Ministerio.—1.5. Competencias.—II. LOS SECRETARIOS GENERALES.—2.1. Aspectos formales.—2.2. Evolución histórica.—2.3. Estatuto personal.—2.4. Posición en la estructura del ministerio.—2.5. Competencias.—III. LOS SECRETARIOS GENERALES TÉCNICOS.—3.1. Aspectos formales.—3.2. Evolución histórica.—3.3. Estatuto personal.—3.4. Posición en la estructura del Ministerio.—3.5. Competencias.—IV. LOS DIRECTORES GENERALES.—4.1. Aspectos formales.—4.2. Evolución histórica.—4.3. Estatuto personal.—4.4. Posición en la estructura del departamento.—4.5. Competencias.—V. LOS SUBDIRECTORES GENERALES.—5.1. Aspectos formales.—5.2. Evolución histórica.—5.3. Estatuto personal.—5.4. Posición en la estructura del Departamento.—5.5. Competencias.—VI. REGLAS GENERALES SOBRE LOS SERVICIOS COMUNES.—6.1. Aspectos formales.—6.2. Contenido del precepto.—VII. ORGANIZACIÓN BÁSICA DE LOS SERVICIOS COMUNES MINISTERIALES.—7.1. Aspectos formales.—7.2. Antecedentes históricos.—7.3. Contenido del precepto.
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van Goor, J. "Martin Bossenbroek, Holland op zijn Breedst: Indië en Zuid Afrika in de Nederlandse Cultuur omstreeks 1900. Amsterdam (Bakker) 1996. 443 pp. ISBN 903-511-695X." Itinerario 21, no. 3 (November 1997): 152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s016511530001528x.
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Станько, Д. Э., and Л. В. Гутикова. "Diagnostic Criteria for Recurrent Infectious Non-Inflammatory Vaginal Disease in Women of Reproductive Age." Репродуктивное здоровье. Восточная Европа 13, no. 6 (December 26, 2023): 588–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2023.13.6.005.
Анотація:
Введение. Высокий интерес к проблеме рецидивирующего анаэробного дисбиоза обусловлен его распространенностью, многообразием этиологических факторов, слабой выраженностью клинических проявлений, диагностическими трудностями и отсутствием эффективной терапии. Эти факторы вносят значительный вклад в общую картину и имеют экономические последствия в сфере сохранения репродуктивного здоровья. Цель. Определение критериев диагностики рецидивирующего анаэробного дисбиоза у женщин репродуктивного возраста. Материалы и методы. Выкопировка данных, клинический, pH-метрия влагалищных выделений, бактериоскопический, PCR real-time, статистический. Результаты и обсуждение. Обследованы 124 пациентки с различным состоянием биоценоза влагалища. Кластерный анализ по k-средним позволил выявить 4 группы пациенток. В 1-й группе из 36 пациенток выявлено состояние нормобиоценоза влагалища, pH влагалищной жидкости 4,1 [3,8; 4,4], общая бактериальная масса составила 107–108 ГЭ/мл, G. vaginalis и A. vaginae не более 4×103–5. Во 2-й группе из 29 пациенток обнаружено состояние переходного микробиоценоза, pH влагалищной жидкости 4,6 [4,5; 4,8], общая бактериальная масса составила 107–108 ГЭ/мл, количество G. vaginalis и A. vaginae до 1,1×107 ГЭ/мл. В 3-й группе пациенток обнаружен классический бактериальный вагиноз, pH=5,1 [4,7; 5,5], общая бактериальная масса составила до 2,7×109 ГЭ/мл, количество G. vaginalis и A. vaginae до 9,9×108 ГЭ/ мл. В 4-й группе пациенток отмечался выраженный анаэробный дисбиоз влагалища, pH=6,1 [5,7; 6,5], общая бактериальная масса составила до 109 ГЭ/мл, количество G. vaginalis и A. vaginae до 3,9×109 ГЭ/мл. Методом ROC-анализа с вычислением максимального значения индекса Юдена определен порог выявления рецидивирующего бактериального вагиноза на уровне pH 4,9 единицы. Introduction. High interest in the problem of recurrent anaerobic dysbiosis is due to its prevalence, a variety of etiologic factors, poor severity of clinical manifestations, diagnostic difficulties and lack of effective therapy. These factors contribute significantly to the overall picture and have economic implications in the field of reproductive health. Objective. To determine the diagnostic criteria for recurrent anaerobic dysbiosis in women of reproductive acopies. Materials and methods. Data extraction, clinical, pH-metry of vaginal secretions, bacterioscopic, PCR real-time, statistical. Results and discussion. 124 patients with different vaginal biocenosis were examined. Cluster analysis by k-means allowed us to identify 4 groups of patients. The 1st group of 36 patients showed a state of vaginal normobiocenosis, vaginal fluid pH 4.1 [3.8; 4.4], total bacterial mass was 107–108 copies/mL, G. vaginalis and A. vaginae not more than 4×103–5. In the 2nd group of 29 patients, a state of transient microbiocenosis was found, vaginal fluid pH was 4.6 [4.5; 4.8], total bacterial mass was 107×108 copies/mL, the number of G. vaginalis and A. vaginae up to 1.1×107 copies/mL. In the 3rd group of patients, classical bacterial vaginosis was found, pH=5.1 [4.7; 5.5], the total bacterial mass was up to 2.7×109 copies/mL, the number of G. vaginalis and A. vaginae up to 9.9×108 copies/mL. In the 4th group of patients there was marked anaerobic dysbiosis of the vagina, pH=6.1 [5.7; 6.5], total bacterial mass was up to 109 copies/mL, the number of G. vaginalis and A. vaginae up to 3.9×109 copies/mL. The threshold for detecting recurrent bacterial vaginosis at pH=4.9 units was determined by the ROC-analysis method with calculation of the maximum value of the Youden index.
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Ramacciotti, Carlos Dino, César Casquet, Edgardo Gaspar Baldo, Sebastián Osvaldo Verdecchia, Matías Martín Morales, and Priscila Soledad Zandomeni. "Metamorfismo de alto gradiente P/T en la Sierra de Pie de Palo (Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina): modelado de equilibrio de fases minerales e implicancias geodinámicas en el antearco famatiniano." Andean Geology 46, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.5027/andgeov46n3-3198.
Анотація:
The Sierra de Pie de Palo (SPP, Western Sierras Pampeanas) shows evidence of two regional metamorphisms: one Mesoproterozoic attributed to the Grenvillian orogeny and other of Ordovician age related to the Famatinian orogeny. The Neoproterozoic-to-Cambrian sedimentary successions that cover the Grenvillian basement only record the Ordovician event. One staurolite-schist from the Ediacaran Difunta Correa Metasedimentary Sequence collected in the southeastern side of the SPP allows to constrain, by means of pseudosections, a prograde evolution from ca. 3 kbar and 515 ºC up to ca. 9 kbar and 640 ºC corresponding to a high P/T gradient. The SPP and the immediately east Loma de Las Chacras outcrop were part of the famatinian forearc which shows a progressive decrease of P (from ca. 13 kbar to 6 kbar), T (from ca. 900 ºC to 450 ºC), and P/T gradient (from ca. 85 ºC/kbar to 35 ºC/kbar) towards the active continental margin on the west. The Caucete Group, in the western side of the SPP, represents the westernmost part of the forearc, near to the active continental margin. Metamorphism was apparently coeval with the Famatinian magmatism and with ductile underthrusting at ca. 470-465 Ma, which led to burial of the forearc beneath the magmatic arc.
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Cardon, Greet M., Lea R. D. Maes, Leen L. Haerens, and Ilse M. M. De Bourdeaudhuij. "Bicycling to School During the Transition From Childhood Into Adolescence: A Six-Year Longitudinal Study." Pediatric Exercise Science 24, no. 3 (August 2012): 369–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.24.3.369.
Анотація:
Little is known about bicycling to school as children age. At baseline (2002) self-report data from 1070 children were gathered (51.9% boys; mean age: 10 years). The measurements were repeated in 2003 (n = 1039), 2004 (n = 907), 2005 (n = 549) and 2008 (n = 515). The rates of children bicycling to school significantly varied across time points from 46% at the age of ten, 69% at the age of 11, 83% at the age of 12, 70% at the age of 13 toward 78% at the age of 16. Starting from the age of 11, the average duration of time spent bicycling to school significantly increased over time. According to multilevel regression analyses 13.6% of the variance in rates of bicycling to school was situated at the school level, 39.6% at the pupil level and 46.7% at the measurement level. The differences in rates and durations across time points were independent from gender, BMI, SES and having siblings. Pupils engaging in bicycling to school at younger ages had a higher change of engaging in bicycling to school at 16 years old (ORs: 2.69–7.61; ICC bicycling rates: 0.46, ICC bicycling durations: 0.82). This finding emphasizes the need for promoting bicycling to school at young age.
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Gomez-Beloz, Alfredo, Michelle A. Williams, Sixto E. Sanchez, and Nelly Lam. "Intimate Partner Violence and Risk for Depression Among Postpartum Women in Lima, Peru." Violence and Victims 24, no. 3 (June 2009): 380–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.24.3.380.
Анотація:
A cross-sectional study of 2,317 women who delivered at Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru, was carried out to evaluate risk of depression in relation to maternal experience with intimate partner violence (IPV) before and during pregnancy. Depression severity was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Subset (PHQ-9). The prevalence of IPV during lifetime and pregnancy was 44% and 21%, respectively. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for each level of depression severity associated with history of IPV during pregnancy were: mild 1.4 (1.9–2.3); moderate 2.9 (1.8–4.5); moderately severe 5.5 (3.4–9.2); and severe 9.9 (5.1–19.9). A positive gradient was observed for severity of depression and IPV during pregnancy (trend p < 0.001). Postpartum women who experienced IPV during pregnancy had higher levels of depression severity than did nonabused women.
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Mahaley, M. Stephen, Mary B. Urso, Robert A. Whaley, Maxine Blue, Thomas E. Williams, Alfred Guaspari, and Robert G. Selker. "Immunobiology of primary intracranial tumors." Journal of Neurosurgery 63, no. 5 (November 1985): 719–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1985.63.5.0719.
Анотація:
✓ Human lymphoblastoid alpha-interferon was administered intravenously or intramuscularly to 19 patients with recurrent gliomas. Each patient had previously undergone surgery and radiation therapy. The treatment course consisted of 8 weeks of therapy with an escalating daily dosage and number of days of treatment per week to a total dose of 900 × 106 U/sq m. Response to treatment was determined by serial computerized tomography (CT) scans. Seven of the 17 evaluable patients were determined to be treatment responders at 12 weeks (1 month after completion of treatment), and the other 10 patients exhibited tumor progression during this period. Median survival time was 511 days for the responders versus 147 days for the non-responding patients. Interferon appears to be efficacious in the treatment of recurrent anaplastic gliomas as defined by CT brain scan responses following therapy.
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Hing, Jun Xian, Yen Nee Chua, Pei Ting Tan, Meliza Su Ling Tan, Chi Wei Mok, Melissa Yert Li Seet, Zar Chi Lin, Chin Mui Seah, Wai Peng Lee, and Su-Ming Tan. "Defining breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) prevalence and risk factors: A pragmatic approach to lymphedema surveillance." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 53, no. 2 (February 28, 2024): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2023264.
Анотація:
Introduction: We presented the key findings from Singapore’s Changi General Hospital Breast Centre’s lymphedema surveillance strategy that used patients’ reported symptoms, standard arm circumference measurements and clinical assessment in the diagnosis of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). Our secondary aim was to highlight and discuss important elements of a surveillance strategy that can be implemented to track this outcome measure of breast cancer treatment for future research. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 511 breast cancer patients to assess the prevalence of BCRL and its associated risk factors. We defined BCRL prevalence rates based on patients’ self-reporting, objective arm circumference measure-ments and clinical diagnosis based on International Society of Lymphology (ISL) staging. Results: The median follow-up of patients was 88.8 months. The cumulative prevalence rate in the cohort was 30.9%. The cohort of BCRL patients were older (58.4 versus [vs] 54.9 years), had higher mean Body Mass Index (27.7 vs 25.2), higher proportion of mastectomy (77% vs 64.3%), axillary clearance, less likely breast reconstruction, higher-grade tumour, more lymph nodes excised, more advanced nodal disease, and had undergone adjuvant chemotherapy. However, clinically apparent BCRL was only 6.5% (33 out of 511 patients). The proportion of clinically significant BCRL in patients undergoing sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) or axillary sampling was 1.7% compared to 9.9% in patients who had undergone axillary clearance. Majority of the BCRL were subclinical or mild in severity. Conclusion: Our study showed that our rates of BCRL were comparable to international rates and highlighted similar patient profiles who were at risk of developing the disease. Having a comprehensive lymphedema surveillance strategy is paramount in paving the way for future studies.
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Adams, M. J., A. K. Ng, P. M. Mauch, and S. E. Lipshultz. "Cardiac status predicts quality of life in Hodgkin’s disease survivors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 9029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.9029.
Анотація:
9029 Background: Long-term survivors of Hodgkin’s disease (HD) treated with mediastinal radiotherapy suffer from a variety of subclinical cardiac abnormalities including valvar defects and findings suggestive of restrictive cardiomyopathy. Their clinical importance has not been definitively demonstrated in longitudinal studies, but they may be related to the reduced quality of life reported by many HD survivors. Methods: The overlapping participants in two independent studies of HD survivors were identified in order to form a longitudinally studied cohort. In the first study, 48 survivors of childhood and young adulthood HD were evaluated by multiple cardiac testing modalities and quality-of-life assessment including the SF-36, a mean of 16 years after diagnosis. In the second performed about 5 years later, 511 survivors took part in a survey study, which also included the SF-36 instrument. A total of 23 patients participated in both studies and formed the current study population. Correlations were performed between key cardiac abnormalities uncovered during the first study and the physical component score (PCS) of the SF-36 measured in the second study, and the changes in PCS during the time between the 2 studies. Results: Average PCS was 44.05 at time of the second study, about 6.0 points lower than at time of cardiac testing. Maximum oxygen consumption correlated with PCS at time 2 (r=0.50, p=0.029). Univariate regression suggested that for every unit decrease in maximum oxygen consumption, the PCS decreased by 0.45 units. The higher the baseline PCS, the greater the negative change in PCS. Left ventricular fractional shortening correlated with PCS at time 2 (r=−0.579, p=0.0094) but not change in PCS. Conclusions: The study suggests that objective measures of reduced cardiac function are predictive of future quality of life in HD survivors. These results however need to be verified in a larger longitudinal study that allows for multivariate analysis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Joshi, Shreyas, Suraj Peri, Eric A. Ross, Robert G. Uzzo, Alexander Kutikov, and Daniel M. Geynisman. "Categorization of gene expression subtypes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid features." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2017): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.6_suppl.519.
Анотація:
519 Background: Presence of sarcomatoid features in Renal Cell Carcinoma (sRCC) tumors signals aggressive clinical behavior and poor prognosis compared to Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC). However, the underlying gene expression patterns of sRCC are poorly understood. We sought to categorize ccRCC and sRCC gene expression subtypes and compare survival outcomes, as well as evaluate whether sRCC gene expression patterns are similar to non-renal sarcomas. Methods: We identified 511 ccRCC cases, of which 36 had a sarcomatoid component from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Enrichment analysis was used to measure associations between gene expression signatures for soft tissue sarcomas and expression profiles of sRCC and ccRCC cases measured by RNA-Seq. The resulting scores were used to identify distinct patient groups using K-means clustering. Overall survival (OS) was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier, log rank, and Cox regression methods. Results: Our analysis identified 4 distinct clusters that differ in enrichment for soft-tissue sarcoma gene expression profiles. The clusters showed significantly different OS distributions (p-value<0.001 log rank). Most sRCC cases (69%) segregated into a single cluster with the worst prognosis. Among ccRCC cases, 57% of patients with higher levels of sarcoma signature enrichment were associated with a shorter OS, which is independent of tumor stage. 5-year/median OS survival estimates for ccRCC cases in the 4 clusters, by increasing levels of sarcoma profile enrichment, were 83%/NR, 75%/NR, 67%/90.9 mo, and 49%/56.7 mo. We also validated existence of these clusters in another sRCC cohort (Sircar 2015). Conclusions: We identified strong associations between sarcoma expression signatures and gene expression profiles of sRCC. We also found that 57% of morphologically non-sRCC cases demonstrate enrichment for sarcoma expression signatures, and these patients have worse OS than their non-sarcoma enriched ccRCC counterparts. The presence of sarcoma expression signatures has not been previously evaluated in RCC. These signatures portend poor survival and may be clinically actionable, as they describe unique subtypes of RCC that may not correspond to histologic characterization.
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Franzetti, Megan, Emily Dries, Brady Stevens, Lisa Berkowitz, and Sheldon C. Yao. "Support for osteopathic manipulative treatment inclusion in chronic pain management guidelines: a narrative review." Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 121, no. 3 (February 22, 2021): 307–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jom-2019-0284.
Анотація:
Abstract Context Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) is used to treat chronic pain conditions. However, few guidelines focusing on chronic pain management include recommendations for OMT. Objectives To evaluate previous literature on the use of OMT for improving chronic pain. Methods A literature search was conducted on MEDLINE/PubMed and ScienceDirect on August 26–27, 2019, using the terms “osteopathic,” “chronic,” and “pain,” yielding a total of 312 MEDLINE/PubMed articles and 515 ScienceDirect articles. Eligibility criteria required that studies investigate pain, functional status, or medication usage through an experimental design, focusing on human subjects with chronic pain who had various forms of OMT administered by osteopathically trained individuals in which the comparator group received no intervention, a sham or placebo, or conventional care. Three authors independently performed literature searches and methodically settled disagreements over article selection. Results In the 22 articles included in our study that examined OMT use in chronic pain conditions, we evaluated primary outcomes of pain (22; 100%) and functional status (20; 90.9%), and the secondary outcome of medication usage (3; 13.6%). The majority of articles showed that OMT resulted in a significant decrease in pain levels as compared to baseline pain levels or the control group (20; 90.9%) and that OMT resulted in an improvement in functional status (17; 77.3%). In articles that did not find a significant difference in pain (2; 9.1%) or functional status (3; 13.6%), there were overall outcomes improvements noted. All articles that investigated medication usage (3; 13.6%) showed that OMT was effective in decreasing patients’ medication usage. Our study was limited by its small sample size and multimodal comparator group exclusion. Conclusions OMT provides an evidence-based management option to reduce pain levels, improve functional status, and decrease medication usage in chronic pain conditions, especially low back pain (LBP). Pain management guidelines should include OMT as a resource to alleviate chronic pain.
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Shah, Amar S., Alexander T. Yahanda, Peter T. Sylvester, John Evans, Gavin P. Dunn, Randy L. Jensen, John Honeycutt, et al. "Using Histopathology to Assess the Reliability of Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Guiding Additional Brain Tumor Resection: A Multicenter Study." Neurosurgery 88, no. 1 (August 17, 2020): E49—E59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyaa338.
Анотація:
Abstract BACKGROUND Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) is a powerful tool for guiding brain tumor resections, provided that it accurately discerns residual tumor. OBJECTIVE To use histopathology to assess how reliably iMRI may discern additional tumor for a variety of tumor types, independent of the indications for iMRI. METHODS A multicenter database was used to calculate the odds of additional resection during the same surgical session for grade I to IV gliomas and pituitary adenomas. The reliability of iMRI for identifying residual tumor was assessed using histopathology of tissue resected after iMRI. RESULTS Gliomas (904/1517 cases, 59.6%) were more likely than pituitary adenomas (176/515, 34.2%) to receive additional resection after iMRI (P < .001), but these tumors were equally likely to have additional tissue sent for histopathology (398/904, 44.4% vs 66/176, 37.5%; P = .11). Tissue samples were available for resections after iMRI for 464 cases, with 415 (89.4%) positive for tumor. Additional resections after iMRI for gliomas (361/398, 90.7%) were more likely to yield additional tumor compared to pituitary adenomas (54/66, 81.8%) (P = .03). There were no significant differences in resection after iMRI yielding histopathologically positive tumor between grade I (58/65 cases, 89.2%; referent), grade II (82/92, 89.1%) (P = .98), grade III (72/81, 88.9%) (P = .95), or grade IV gliomas (149/160, 93.1%) (P = .33). Additional resection for previously resected tumors (122/135 cases, 90.4%) was equally likely to yield histopathologically confirmed tumor compared to newly-diagnosed tumors (293/329, 89.0%) (P = .83). CONCLUSION Histopathological analysis of tissue resected after use of iMRI for grade I to IV gliomas and pituitary adenomas demonstrates that iMRI is highly reliable for identifying residual tumor.
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Restrepo, D., Y. Okada, and J. H. Teeter. "Odorant-regulated Ca2+ gradients in rat olfactory neurons." Journal of General Physiology 102, no. 5 (November 1, 1993): 907–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.102.5.907.
Анотація:
Olfactory neurons respond to odors with a change in conductance that mediates an influx of cations including Ca2+. The concomitant increase in [Cai] has been postulated to play a role in the adaptation to maintained odorant stimulation (Kurahashi, T., and T. Shibuya. 1990. Brain Research. 515:261-268. Kramer, R. H., and S. A. Siegelbaum. 1992. Neuron. 9:897-906. Zufall, F., G. M. Shepherd, and S. Firestein. 1991. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B. 246:225-230.) We have imaged the distribution of [Cai] in rat olfactory neurons (RON) using the Ca2+ indicator fura-2. A large percentage of the RON (42%, n = 35) responded to odorants with an increase in [Cai]. About half of the responding neurons displayed an increase in [Cai] at the apical end of the cell, but not at the soma. Moreover, in those cells that responded to odors with a standing [Cai] gradient, the gradient could be maintained for long periods of time (minutes) provided that the cells were continuously stimulated. In contrast, K(+)-induced depolarization elicited a more homogeneous increase in [Cai]. The spatially inhomogeneous increase in [Cai] elicited by odorants in some cells has important implications for the role of Ca2+ in adaptation because channels and enzymes regulated by Ca2+ will be affected differently depending on their location.
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Murgas, F., G. Chen, L. Nortmann, E. Palle, and G. Nowak. "The GTC exoplanet transit spectroscopy survey." Astronomy & Astrophysics 641 (September 2020): A158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038161.
Анотація:
Context. One of the main atmospheric features in exoplanet atmospheres, detectable both from ground- and space-based facilities, is Rayleigh scattering. In hydrogen-dominated planetary atmospheres, Rayleigh scattering causes the measured planetary radius to increase toward blue wavelengths in the optical range. Aims. We aim to detect and improve our understanding of several features in the optical range observable in planetary atmospheres. We focus on studying transiting exoplanets that present a wide range of orbital periods, masses, radii, and irradiation from their host star. Methods. We obtained a spectrophotometric time series of one transit of the Saturn-mass planet WASP-69b using the OSIRIS instrument at the Gran Telescopio Canarias. From the data we constructed 19 spectroscopic transit light curves representing 20 nm wide wavelength bins spanning from 515 to 905 nm. We derived the transit depth for each curve individually by fitting an analytical model together with a Gaussian process to account for systematic noise in the light curves. Results. We find that the transit depth increases toward bluer wavelengths, indicative of a larger effective planet radius. Our results are consistent with space-based measurements obtained in the near infrared using the Hubble Space Telescope, which show a compatible slope of the transmission spectrum. We discuss the origin of the detected slope and argue between two possible scenarios: a Rayleigh scattering detection originating in the planet’s atmosphere or a stellar activity induced signal from the host star.
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Brown, M., C. L. Kirkland, and T. E. Johnson. "Evolution of geodynamics since the Archean: Significant change at the dawn of the Phanerozoic." Geology 48, no. 5 (February 27, 2020): 488–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g47417.1.
Анотація:
Abstract A time-series analysis of thermobaric ratios (temperature/pressure [T/P]) for Paleoarchean to Cenozoic metamorphic rocks identified significant shifts in mean T/P that may be related to secular change in the geodynamics on Earth. Thermobaric ratios showed significant (>95% confidence) change points at 1910, 902, 540, and 515 Ma, recording drops in mean T/P, and at 1830, 604, and 525 Ma, recording rises in mean T/P. Highest mean T/P occurred during the Mesoproterozoic, and lowest mean T/P occurred from the Cambrian to the Oligocene. Correlated changes were seen between T/P and global data sets of time-constrained hafnium (Hf) and oxygen (O) isotope compositions in zircon. The range of correlated variation in T/P, Hf, and O was larger during the formation of Rodinia than Columbia. Large changes and a wide range for these variables continued through the Phanerozoic, during which a statistically significant 83 m.y. frequency of T/P excursions recorded the high tempo of orogenic activity associated with the separation, migration, and accretion of continental terranes during the formation of Pangea. Since the early Tonian, the decreasing mean T/P of metamorphism, widespread appearance of blueschist and ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism, and wide fluctuations in Hf and O isotope compositions document a change to the modern plate-tectonic regime, characterized by widespread continental subduction and deeper slab breakoff than in the Proterozoic.
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Elhalik, M., K. El-Atawi, S. K. Dash, A. Faquih, A. D. Satyan, N. Gourshettiwar, A. Khan, S. Varughese, A. Ramesh, and E. Khamis. "Palivizumab Prophylaxis among Infants at Increased Risk of Hospitalization due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in UAE: A Hospital-Based Study." Canadian Respiratory Journal 2019 (December 1, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2986286.
Анотація:
Background. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) represents a significant public health burden and the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections globally, and it is the major cause of hospitalization during the winter. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of palivizumab prophylaxis to reduce the hospitalization in children at high risk of RSV infection. Methods. We performed a retrospective observational single-arm hospital-based study including five RSV seasons (September to March) from 2012 to 2017. We retrospectively included premature infants born at less than 35 weeks of gestation with chronic lungs disease or hemodynamic significant congenital heart disease for palivizumab prophylaxis against RSV infection according to the criteria presented. Results. A total of 925 children were enrolled in the study over the five RSV seasons. Of them, 410 (44.3%) infants born at <32 weeks of gestation and 515 (55.6%) infants born at 32–35 weeks of gestation with mean (±SD) birth weight of 1104.8 ± 402.85 and 1842.5 ± 377.5, respectively. The compliance with the course of palivizumab was reported in 841 (90.9%) children. Of them, about 75 (8.9%) hospitalized children were reported, and 17 (2.02%) RSV positive children were detected. Hospitalization due to RSV infection was decreased from 9.23% in the 2012-2013 season to 0.67% in the 2016-2017 season. Conclusion. This study demonstrated that palivizumab prophylaxis in children at high risk of developing RSV infection was effective in reducing the risk of hospitalization with a high compliance rate over the five RSV seasons.
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Lebbé, Celeste, Nicolas Meyer, Laurent Mortier, Ivan Marquez-Rodas, Caroline Robert, Piotr Rutkowski, Alexander M. Menzies, et al. "Evaluation of Two Dosing Regimens for Nivolumab in Combination With Ipilimumab in Patients With Advanced Melanoma: Results From the Phase IIIb/IV CheckMate 511 Trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 11 (April 10, 2019): 867–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.18.01998.
Анотація:
PURPOSE Nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg (NIVO1+IPI3) is approved for first-line treatment of patients with advanced melanoma in several countries. We conducted a phase IIIb/IV study (CheckMate 511) to determine if nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg (NIVO3+IPI1) improves the safety profile of the combination. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients (N = 360) age 18 years or older with previously untreated, unresectable stage III or IV melanoma were randomly assigned 1:1 to NIVO3+IPI1 or NIVO1+IPI3 once every 3 weeks for four doses. After 6 weeks, all patients received NIVO 480 mg once every 4 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point was a comparison of the incidence of treatment-related grade 3 to 5 adverse events (AEs) between groups. Secondary end points included descriptive analyses of objective response rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival. The study was not designed to formally demonstrate noninferiority of NIVO3+IPI1 to NIVO1+IPI3 for efficacy end points. RESULTS At a minimum follow-up of 12 months, incidence of treatment-related grade 3 to 5 AEs was 34% with NIVO3+IPI1 versus 48% with NIVO1+IPI3 ( P = .006). In descriptive analyses, objective response rate was 45.6% in the NIVO3+IPI1 group and 50.6% in the NIVO1+IPI3 group, with complete responses in 15.0% and 13.5% of patients, respectively. Median progression-free survival was 9.9 months in the NIVO3+IPI1 group and 8.9 months in the NIVO1+IPI3 group. Median overall survival was not reached in either group. CONCLUSION The CheckMate 511 study met its primary end point, demonstrating a significantly lower incidence of treatment-related grade 3-5 AEs with NIVO3+IPI1 versus NIVO1+IPI3. Descriptive analyses showed that there were no meaningful differences between the groups for any efficacy end point, although longer follow up may help to better characterize efficacy outcomes.
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AMANDEEP KAUR and SATYAVAN. "Effect of varieties and nitrogen levels on growth indices of malt barley (Hordeum vulgare) under saline water irrigation." Indian Journal of Agronomy 67, no. 4 (January 12, 2023): 368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v67i4.140.
Анотація:
A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi)season of 2017–18 and 2018–19 at the Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, to study the effect of saline water irrigation on growth indices in 4 varieties (‘BH 902’, ‘BH 946’, ‘BH 885’ and ‘DWRB 101’) of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) at different nitrogen levels (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg/ha). The results showed that, during early growth period both 6-row barley varieties ‘BH 902’ and ‘BH 946’ recorded significantly higher crop-growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), specific leaf weigth (SLW) and leaf-area duration (LAD) than both 2-row barley varieties ‘BH 885’ and ‘DWRB 101’, whereas ‘BH 885’ and ‘DWRB 101’ varieties attained higher values of RGR and NAR after 90 days after sowing (DAS). The CGR and LAD recorded maximum values between 61 and 90 DAS, while RGR and NAR showed the highest values up to 30 DAS irrespective of varieties and nitrogen levels. Application of 90 kg N/ ha significantly enhanced the CGR up to 90 DAS, RGR up to 30 DAS and LAD up to 120 DAS, while NAR values were significantly increased up to 60 DAS with 30 kg N/ha and SLW up to 90 DAS with 60 kg N/ha. The RGR, NAR and SLW were significantly decreased with the application of different nitrogen levels between 91 and 120 DAS as compared to the control. The variety ‘BH 946’ gave the highest grain yield of 5.15 t/ha, being 5.1, 7.3 and 14.7% higher than ‘DWRB 101’, ‘BH 902’ and ‘BH 885’, respectively. Different varieties responded to N application only up to 60 kg/ha. Grain yield of barley was positively correlated with CGR, SLW and LAD but negatively with RGR.
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Dauvilliers, Yves, Abby Chen, Marisa Whalen, Wayne Macfadden, and Michael Thorpy. "0592 Efficacy of Lower-Sodium Oxybate by Baseline Sleep Inertia in a Phase 3 Clinical Study in Patients With Idiopathic Hypersomnia." SLEEP 46, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2023): A260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsad077.0592.
Анотація:
Abstract Introduction Idiopathic hypersomnia is a debilitating neurologic sleep disorder. Sleep inertia (difficulty awakening) is a common symptom that can significantly impair functioning and quality of life. This post hoc analysis evaluated response to lower-sodium oxybate (LXB; Xywav®) by baseline sleep inertia in a phase 3 trial (NCT03533114). Methods Eligible participants began LXB treatment with an open-label treatment titration and optimization period (10–14 weeks), followed by a 2-week stable-dose period (SDP). Participants were randomized to placebo or continued LXB treatment during a 2-week, double-blind, randomized withdrawal period (DBRWP). Using the visual analog scale for sleep inertia (VAS-SI), participants rated their difficulty awakening during baseline, SDP, and DBRWP on a 100-mm line with anchors at 0 (very easy) and 100 (very difficult). VAS-SI terciles comprised score segments of < 44 (group A), ≥44 to < 70 (group B), and ≥70 (group C). Efficacy assessments included the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Idiopathic Hypersomnia Severity Scale (IHSS), Clinical Global Impression of Severity (CGIs), and Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIc). Results Participants (A, n=34; B, n=33; C, n=32) were a mean (SD) 40.7 (13.5) years of age and primarily female (74%). At baseline, participants with the highest VAS-SI scores had numerically higher mean (SD) ESS (A=16.0 [3.1], B=15.6 [2.6], C=17.1 [2.4]) and IHSS (A=26.7 [7.7], B=34.5 [5.9], C=36.3 [5.5]) scores. Participants with the highest baseline sleep inertia were more frequently rated severely ill on the CGIs (A=17.6%, B=12.1%, C=34.4%). Baseline total sleep time trended higher with increasing VAS-SI scores. From baseline to end of SDP, mean (SD) scores decreased (improved) on the ESS (A=−9.9 [5.1], B=−9.8 [3.5], C=−10.0 [5.1]) and IHSS (A=−14.1 [9.9], B=−19.0 [9.0], C=−18.1 [9.9]), regardless of baseline sleep inertia; nearly all (99%) participants reported improvement on the PGIc. Mean (SD) VAS-SI scores decreased by 9.3 (11.9), 31.5 (14.8), and 42.8 (22.9) in groups A, B, and C, respectively, at end of SDP. Spearman correlation coefficients for VAS-SI and IHSS items assessing sleep inertia were moderate (≥0.3) to strong (≥0.6). Conclusion Participants with higher baseline sleep inertia generally had greater baseline disease burden. LXB treatment was efficacious across subgroups regardless of baseline sleep inertia. Support (if any) Jazz Pharmaceuticals.
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Hallit, Souheil, Hala Sacre, Nelly Kheir, Rabih Hallit, Mirna Waked, and Pascale Salameh. "Prevalence of asthma, its correlates, and validation of the Pre-School Asthma Risk Factors Scale (PS-ARFS) among preschool children in Lebanon." Allergologia et Immunopathologia 49, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/aei.v49i1.25.
Анотація:
Objectives: The Asthma Risk Factor Scale (ARFS) is used to screen for asthma in Lebanese pre-school children (aged 3–16 years). The study objective was to describe factors associated with asthma, confirm ARFS score validity among Lebanese preschool children, and develop a risk score for asthma diagnosis in this age group (Pre-School Asthma Risk Factor Scale [PS-ARFS]). Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 515 preschool children (November 2018 and March 2019). The ARFS is a 15-item tool that assesses children’s environmental exposure, parental history of asthma, and dietary habits.Results: The percentage of asthmatic children was 8.2%. Higher odds of asthma in children were associated with living near a prairie sprayed with pesticides (odds ratio [OR] = 2.33), playing out-doors (OR = 2.89), having a heater in the bedroom (OR = 10.73), attending a nursery (OR = 2.91), having a mother who smokes cigarettes (OR = 3.35) or water pipe (OR = 2.46), a sister with a history of seasonal allergy (OR = 6.81), and a parental history (mother and father) of asthma (OR = 6.15 and OR = 9.83, respectively). Higher ARFS scores (OR = 1.144) were associated with higher odds of asthma. Accordingly, the PS-ARFS was created according to the following formula: ARFS score + (playing out-door × 2.4) + (heating system in the bedroom × 12.9) + (having attended a nursery × 2.5) (area under the curve = 0.908 [0.860–0.957]; P < 0.001); at value: 14.20, Se = 84.3% and Sp = 90.9%.Conclusion: PS-ARFS is suggested for screening of asthma in preschool children in an epidemiological setting and in the absence of spirometry.
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Nawab, Faisal, Ag Sufiyan Abd Hamid, Muhammad Arif, Tufial A. Khan, Amir Naveed, Muhammad Sadiq, Sahibzada Imad Ud din, and Adnan Ibrahim. "Solar–Biogas Microgrid: A Strategy for the Sustainable Development of Rural Communities in Pakistan." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (September 6, 2022): 11124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811124.
Анотація:
Access to uninterrupted power is not a luxury but a basic need. Rural communities living far from the national grid, particularly those in the southern region of Pakistan’s Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, have limited access to a reliable power supply. In order to provide sustainable electricity, small-scale off-grid renewable energy systems are increasingly used for rural electrification. These systems are commonly known as stand-alone home systems or community micro-grids. This paper proposes an off-grid solar–biogas micro-grid for rural communities in the Lakki Marwat district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The area is mainly dependent upon income from the agricultural and livestock sectors. HOMER was used to simulate the electric power system, while RET-Screen was used to analyze the economics of the system. The optimized system’s results demonstrate that the most economically and technically possible system, which produces 515 kWh and 338.50 m3 biogas daily, is made up of a 30-kW photovoltaic system coupled with a 37-kW biomass hybrid system, a 64-kWh battery storage capacity, and a 20-kW invertor. The system will meet the cooking and power needs of 900 individuals who reside in 100 homes. In addition to household users, the system will provide fixed-priced electricity to productive buildings, and free electricity to community buildings. The system will generate 1300 kg of organic fertilizer each day, which will be sold to local farmers for 50% less than what it would cost on the open market. The proposed approach is techno-economically viable based on the payback period and internal rate of return.
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Straiton, M., and A. Nissen. "Insomnia and the role of postmigration stress among Syrian refugees." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1625.
Анотація:
Introduction Research on the prevalence of and risk factors for insomnia among refugee populations is limited and tends to focus on pre-migratory trauma. Yet, post migratory stressors are just as important for mental health and may also relate to insomnia. Objectives Objective: To determine the association between different post-migration stressors and insomnia among Syrian refugees living in Norway. Methods We used data from the REUFGE study, a cross-sectional survey with 902 Syrian refugees who arrived in Norway between 2015 and 2017. Insomnia was measured with the Bergen Insomnia Scale and post-migrant stress with the Refugee Post-Migration Stress Scale (RPMS). We applied logistic regression analyses to investigate the association between seven different postmigration stressors and insomnia after controlling for demographics, traumatic experiences and post traumatic stress symptoms. Results Of the 873 participants who completed questions on insomnia, 515 (41%) reported insomnia. There was no significant difference between men and women. The most commonly reported postmigration stressors were Competency Strain [SML1], Family and Home Concerns, and Loss of Home Country. After controlling for demographics, traumatic experiences and post-traumatic stress symptoms, Financial Strain, Loss of Home Country, Family and Home Concerns and Social Strain were still associated with higher odds of insomnia. Conclusions Resettlement difficulties are related to poorer sleep among refugees. Measures to improve the social conditions and financial concerns of refugees in receiving countries could potentially reduce insomnia among refugees which in turn, may benefit mental and physical health. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Hallit, Souheil, Hala Sacre, Nelly Kheir, Rabih Hallit, Mirna Waked, and Pascale Salameh. "Prevalence of asthma, its correlates, and validation of the Pre-School Asthma Risk Factors Scale (PS-ARFS) among preschool children in Lebanon." Allergologia et Immunopathologia 49, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/aei.v49i1.25.
Анотація:
Objectives: The Asthma Risk Factor Scale (ARFS) is used to screen for asthma in Lebanese pre-school children (aged 3–16 years). The study objective was to describe factors associated with asthma, confirm ARFS score validity among Lebanese preschool children, and develop a risk score for asthma diagnosis in this age group (Pre-School Asthma Risk Factor Scale [PS-ARFS]). Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 515 preschool children (November 2018 and March 2019). The ARFS is a 15-item tool that assesses children’s environmental exposure, parental history of asthma, and dietary habits.Results: The percentage of asthmatic children was 8.2%. Higher odds of asthma in children were associated with living near a prairie sprayed with pesticides (odds ratio [OR] = 2.33), playing out-doors (OR = 2.89), having a heater in the bedroom (OR = 10.73), attending a nursery (OR = 2.91), having a mother who smokes cigarettes (OR = 3.35) or water pipe (OR = 2.46), a sister with a history of seasonal allergy (OR = 6.81), and a parental history (mother and father) of asthma (OR = 6.15 and OR = 9.83, respectively). Higher ARFS scores (OR = 1.144) were associated with higher odds of asthma. Accordingly, the PS-ARFS was created according to the following formula: ARFS score + (playing out-door × 2.4) + (heating system in the bedroom × 12.9) + (having attended a nursery × 2.5) (area under the curve = 0.908 [0.860–0.957]; P < 0.001); at value: 14.20, Se = 84.3% and Sp = 90.9%.Conclusion: PS-ARFS is suggested for screening of asthma in preschool children in an epidemiological setting and in the absence of spirometry.
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Tindale, Alexander, and Vasileios Panoulas. "The BE-ALIVE score: assessing 30-day mortality risk in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes." Open Heart 10, no. 2 (August 2023): e002313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2023-002313.
Анотація:
AimTo create and validate a simple scoring system for predicting 30-day mortality in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) at their moment of admission.Methods and results2407 consecutive patients presenting to Harefield Hospital with measured arterial blood gases, from January 2011 to December 2020, were studied to build the training set. 30-day mortality in this group was 17.2%. A scoring algorithm that was built using binary logistic regression of variables available on admission was then converted to an additive risk score. The resultant scoring system is the BE-ALIVE score, which incorporates the following factors:Base Excess (1 point for <−2 mmol/L), Age (<65 years: 0 points, 65–74: 1 point, 75–84: 2 points, ≥85: 3 points), Lactate (<2 mmol/L: 0 points, 2–4.9: 1 point, 5–9.9: 3 points, ≥10: 6 points), Intubated (2 points), Left Ventricular function (mildly impaired or better: −1 point, moderately impaired: 1 point, severely impaired: 3 points) and External/out of hospital cardiac arrest 2 points).The scoring system was validated using a testing set of 515 patients presenting to Harefield Hospital in 2021. The validation metrics were excellent with a c-statistic of 0.9, Brier’s score 0.06 vs a naïve classifier of 0.15, Spiegelhalter’s z-statistic probability of 0.267 and a calibration slope of 1.08.ConclusionThe BE-ALIVE score is a simple and accurate scoring system to predict 30-day mortality in patients presenting with ACS. Appreciating this mortality risk can allow prompt involvement of appropriate care such as the shock team.
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Jiang, Chenyao, Harry F. Lee, Xin Jia, and Xinggong Kong. "Changes in paleo-groundwater levels revealed by water wells and their relationship with climate variations in imperial Southern China." PLOS ONE 18, no. 10 (October 25, 2023): e0292662. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292662.
Анотація:
Based on records of the bottom elevations of 511 ancient water wells from published archaeological reports, we reconstructed the paleo-groundwater levels (PGWL) in urban areas of Chengdu, Changsha, Nanjing, Suzhou, Suqian, Yancheng, Fuzhou, and Guangzhou cities in southern China. Our PGWL reconstruction shows that PGWL varied in two patterns. In the inland monsoon region (Chengdu and Changsha), there was a low PGWL in Jin (AD 266–420) and South Song (AD 1127–1279), and a high PGWL in Tang (AD 618–907) and Ming (AD 1368–1644). In the coastal region (Yancheng, Fuzhou, and Guangzhou), there was a low PGWL in Jin (AD 266–420) and Ming (AD 1368–1644) but a high PGWL in Tang (AD 618–907) and Song (AD 960–1279). Via cross-wavelet transform and wavelet transform coherence analyses, we found that monsoon and temperature significantly drove the PGWL fluctuations at the inter-centennial scale. East Asian Summer Monsoon-induced precipitation has continuously affected cities in the inland monsoon area represented by Chengdu and Changsha over the past 2,500 years. It has also intermittently affected Nanjing and Suzhou when EASM intensified. In parallel, temperature influenced the PGWL in coastal cities such as Yancheng, Fuzhou, and Guangzhou via the changes in the sea level. Also, the temperature affected the PGWL in relatively inland cities during climatic anomalies such as the Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age. This study demonstrates the value of archaeological records in learning how climatic factors influence the PGWL variation and its mechanism.