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1
John, J., and M. S. Malchijah Raj. "Graphs with large Steiner number." Ukrains’kyi Matematychnyi Zhurnal 76, no. 5 (June 2, 2024): 719–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3842/umzh.v76i5.7409.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
UDC 519.1 In 2002, Gary Chartrand and Ping Zhang [<em>The Steiner number of a graph,</em> Discrete Math., <strong>242</strong>, 41--54 (2002)] characterized the connected graphs G of order p ≥ 3 with Steiner number p , p - 1 , or 2. In our paper, we characterize all connected graphs G of order p ≥ 4 with Steiner number s ( G ) = p - 2 . In addition, we obtain some sharp Nordhaus–Gaddum bounds for the Steiner number of connected graphs whose complement is also connected.
2
Makarov, V. L., N. V. Mayko та V. L. Ryabichev. "Реалізація точних триточкових різницевих схем для системи звичайних диференціальних рівнянь 2-го порядку". Ukrains’kyi Matematychnyi Zhurnal 75, № 1 (5 лютого 2023): 72–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37863/umzh.v75i1.7373.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
УДК 517.9 + 519.6 Досліджено точну триточкову різницеву схему (ТТРС) для системи звичайних диференціальних рівнянь 2-го порядку з крайовими умовами першого роду. Знайдено послаблені умови (порівняно з відомими), за яких можливе перетворення ТТРС до однорідного дивергентного вигляду. Доведено теореми про коефіцієнтну стійкість і точність. Показано, що коефіцієнти ТТРС можна подати через розв'язки чотирьох задач Коші на проміжках довжини кроку сіт\-ки. Розв'язки цих задач можна одержати за допомогою будь-якого однокрокового методу, що приводить до усіченої різницевої схеми відповідного рангу.
3
Rahman, Md Mahfuzur, and Md Abid Hasan. "Screening of carrot lines for quality roots and higher yield for commercial cultivation." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 2, no. 1 (April 27, 2015): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v2i1.23031.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The experiment was conducted at Research and Development (R&D) farm of Ispahani Agro LTD., Rangpur in order to screen suitable carrot lines for commercial cultivation in Bangladesh. Two hybrid lines (02001 and 02002) and four open pollinated lines (01001, 01002, 01003 and 01004) were used in this screening program. The experiment was carried out following randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that root length and diameter of line 01004 were 14.66 and 3.580 cm, respectively. The standard weight of 5 roots was 519.3 g. Moreover, the line 01004 showed maximum quality roots and yield as compared to any other lines. This line is therefore can be recommended for commercial cultivation in Bangladesh.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(1): 75-77, April 2015
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Zulkurnai, N. Z., U. F. Md. Ali, N. Ibrahim, and N. S. Abdul Manan. "Carbon Dioxide Capture by Deep Eutectic Solvent Impregnated Sea Mango Activated Carbon." E3S Web of Conferences 34 (2018): 02030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183402030.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The increment amount of the CO2 emission by years has become a major concern worldwide due to the global warming issue. However, the influence modification of activated carbon (AC) has given a huge revolution in CO2 adsorption capture compare to the unmodified AC. In the present study, the Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) modified surface AC was used for Carbon Dioxide (CO2) capture in the fixed-bed column. The AC underwent pre-carbonization and carbonization processes at 519.8 °C, respectively, with flowing of CO2 gas and then followed by impregnation with 53.75% phosphoric acid (H3PO4) at 1:2 precursor-to-activant ratios. The prepared AC known as sea mango activated carbon (SMAC) was impregnated with DES at 1:2 solid-to-liquid ratio. The DES is composing of choline chloride and urea with ratio 1:2 choline chloride to urea. The optimum adsorption capacity of SMAC was 33.46 mgco2/gsol and 39.40 mgco2/gsol for DES modified AC (DESAC).
5
Lou, Ben Lin, Yuan Yuan Li, and Ru Xiao. "Preparation and Characterization of Polyacrylonitrile in Aqueous Slurry Polymerization." Materials Science Forum 789 (April 2014): 215–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.789.215.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is widely used for its superior properties, and comonomers are usually introduced to improve its properties. In this paper, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylamide (AM) were used as comonomers to prepare polyacrylonitrile by aqueous slurry polymerization. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to characterize the chemical structures, the thermal properties, degree of crystallinity of polyacrylonitrile copolymer. The results show that the best thermal property of AN/AMPS/AM ternary copolymer in cyclization reaction was achieved in the proportion (w/w/w) 98/1/1. The exothermic quantity of AN/AMPS/AM ternary copolymer is 612.1 J/g while that of PAN homopolymer is 519.5 J/g during the cyclization reaction, carried out in DSC under nitrogen atmosphere. The introduction of AMPS and AM has small impact on the degree of crystallinity of PAN, the degree of crystallinity approximates 53.8%
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Starkova, A. V., Yu N. Karpenko, B. Ya Syropyatov, F. V. Sobin, and N. A. Pulina. "STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF BLOOD THIAZOLINE AMMONIUM 4-CHLOROPHENYL-2-HYDROXY-4-OXO-2-BUTENOATE CONCENTRATION ON ANTICOAGULANT EFFECT UPON SUBCUTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION." Perm Medical Journal 35, no. 1 (February 15, 2018): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pmj35188-94.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim. To study the effect of blood thiazoline ammonium 4-chlorophenyl-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-2-butenoate content on the manifestation of anticoagulant effect upon subcutaneous administration to rabbits. Materials and methods. The studies were fulfilled on outbred rabbits. The substance was administered subcutaneously in the dose of 35 mg/kg. The time of blood coagulation was determined using coagulometer “Minilab 701”, and blood concentration - by means of liquid micro-column chromatograph “Milichrom A-02”. Results. The obtained results prove that maximum concentration of the compound in blood and maximum anticoagulant effect is reached in 30 minutes after subcutaneous administration. The substance anticoagulant effect lasted for 120 minutes after its administration. At present, the compound concentration in blood is equal to 519.8 ± 145.41 ng/ml. Conclusions. The studied compound, when administered subcutaneously, is quickly absorbed and begins to render an anticoagulant effect. Efficacy of action of this compound depends on its blood concentration.
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Oh, Tak, Jung-Won Hwang, Young-Tae Jeon, and Sang-Hwan Do. "Perioperative Cumulative Fluid Balance and Its Association with an Increase in Costs after Major Surgery." Journal of Clinical Medicine 7, no. 9 (August 21, 2018): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm7090227.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Positive fluid balance (FB) during the perioperative period may increase the incidence of postoperative complications, which may lead to longer hospitalization and higher hospital costs. However, a definitive association between positive FB and hospital costs has not yet been established. This retrospective observational study examined the association between perioperative FB and hospital costs of patients who underwent major surgical procedures. Medical records of patients who underwent major surgery (surgery time >2 h, estimated blood loss >500 mL) from January 2010 to December 2017 were analyzed to determine the associations between calculated FB (%, total input fluid—output fluid in liter/weight (kg) at admission) and total hospital cost ($). The analysis included medical data of 7010 patients. Multivariable linear regression analyses showed that a 1% increase in FB in postoperative day (POD) 0 (24 h), 0–1 (48 h), 0–2 (72 h), and 0–3 (96 h) significantly increased the total cost by $967.8 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 803.4–1132.1), $688.8 (95% CI: 566.3–811.2), $591 (95% CI: 485.7–696.4), and $434.2 (95% CI: 349.4–519.1), respectively (all p < 0.001). Perioperative cumulative FB was positively associated with hospital costs of patients who underwent major surgery.
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Hamilton, Michael A., J. Javier Álvaro, Sandra M. Barr, Sören Jensen, Susan C. Johnson, Teodoro Palacios, Deanne van Rooyen, and Chris E. White. "U–Pb zircon ages from tuffaceous beds in the Terreneuvian to Cambrian Series 2 sections of Avalonian southern New Brunswick, Canada: new constraints on chronostratigraphic correlations and the Cambrian time scale." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 542, no. 1 (October 5, 2023): 217–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp542-2023-11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Avalonian sections in the Saint John area, southern New Brunswick, have long contributed to global understanding of Cambrian chronostratigraphy. A tuffaceous bed in the Ratcliffe Brook Formation (RBF) in the Somerset Street section dated at c. 531 Ma has traditionally been considered to post-date small shelly fossils attributed to the Watsonella crosbyi Zone in the Hanford Brook section. A fine-grained tuffaceous bed approximately 8 m stratigraphically lower in the Somerset Street section yields a chemical abrasion isotope dilution–thermal ionization mass spectrometry zircon age of 532.3 ± 0.3 Ma; a tuffaceous carbonate unit in the lower RBF in Hanford Brook gives an age of 531.5 ± 0.3 Ma. Crystal and crystal-lithic tuff beds near the top of the RBF yield ages of 520.3 ± 0.3 Ma (in Hanford Brook) and 519.1 ± 0.3 Ma (in Ratcliffe Brook). The new ages confirm the correlation between the Somerset Street and Hanford Brook sections based on acritarchs and make the association of small shelly fossils in the Hanford Brook section younger than 531 Ma. This result is relevant to ongoing discussions on the age of the base of undefined Cambrian Stage 2. The radiometric ages also support a young age for the upper part of the RBF, perhaps extending into Epoch 2.
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Dedy Pratama, Hendro Sudjono Yuwono, Rudi Supriyadi, Herry Herman, Fachreza Aryo Damara, and Avicenna Akbar. "Antioxidant Properties of Curcumin and Its Impact on Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation in End-Stage Kidney Disease Patient with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 7624–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.4107.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The risk of maturation failure in arteriovenous fistula (AVF) remains high. Curcumin poses antioxidant effects may enhance AVF maturation. This study evaluates the antioxidant effect of Curcumin on AVF maturation among type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This was a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial conducted in three tertiary hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia. Patients underwent the first hemodialysis. A total of 67 patients divided into groups of Curcumin, acetylsalicylic acid, and placebo. After 4 weeks, TAC level among the curcumin group was significantly higher compared to acetylsalicylic acid, and placebo groups 794.2(457.4±1473.7) µM vs. 519.2(247.7 ± 1027.7) µM and 794.2(457.4± 1473.7) µM vs. 542.5(281.91± 1054.64) µM, respectively (p<0.05). Also, TAC after 8 weeks was significantly higher among curcumin group compared to acetylsalicylic acid, and placebo groups (820.5(380.7± 1643.7) µM vs. 509.7(341.0± 981.91) µM and 820.5(380.7± 1643.7) µM vs. 497.7(324.7± 979.2) µM, respectively (p<0.001). The TAC level patients with mature AVF were also higher. A 2000 mg/day of curcumin increases antioxidant capacity after 4 and 8 weeks following AVF surgery among ESRD with T2DM.
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Zeng, Baimei, Ling Yuan, Jun Chu, Yanqing Yang, and Shide Lin. "Challenges in early identification of causes and treatment of cholestasis in patients with hyperthyroidism: a case report and literature review." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 3 (December 16, 2019): 030006051989101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060519891018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Early identification of the causes of cholestasis is important for appropriate management of patients with hyperthyroidism. We report a patient who had hyperthyroidism and severe cholestasis after methimazole (MMI) treatment. The patient was diagnosed as having MMI-induced cholestatic hepatitis. Treatment with MMI was stopped at admission to hospital. However, his serum total bilirubin (TBil) level rose from 410.5 µmol/L to 519.9 µmol/L and prothrombin time activity (PTA) dropped from 81.0% to 52.2% in 10 days. To prevent further deterioration of his liver function, plasma exchange was performed three times, and dexamethasone (10 mg, intravenously) was used each time. His PTA rose to 101% and his TBil continued to increase to 669.8 µmol/L after plasma exchange. He was subsequently diagnosed as having thyrotoxicosis-induced cholestasis and treated with radioactive iodine (380 MBq) 2 weeks after admission. His hyperthyroidism was significantly relieved, but the TBil level further increased to 776.8 µmol/L. Three weeks after admission, oral prednisone (30 mg/day) was used in this patient. Subsequently, his TBil levels gradually decreased and his liver function almost normalized within 3 months. We discuss the literature on cholestasis in the context of hyperthyroidism.
11
Colak, Yasar, Ebubekir Senates, Ender Coskunpinar, Yasemin Musteri Oltulu, Ebru Zemheri, Oguzhan Ozturk, Levent Doganay, et al. "Concentrations of Connective Tissue Growth Factor in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Association with Liver Fibrosis." Disease Markers 33, no. 2 (2012): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/283726.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim:In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the histological fibrosis stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and serum connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) to determine the usefulness of this relationship in clinical practice.Methods:Serum samples were collected from 51 patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD and 28 healthy controls, and serum levels of CTGF were assayed by ELISA.Results:Levels of CTGF were significantly higher in patients with NAFLD compared with controls (P= 0.001). The serum CTGF levels were significantly increased, that correlated with histological fibrosis stage, in patients with NAFLD [in patients with no fibrosis (stage 0) 308.2 ± 142.9, with mild fibrosis (stage 1–2) 519.9±375.2 and with advanced fibrosis (stage 3–4) 1353.2 ± 610 ng/l,P< 0.001]. Also serum level of CTGF was found as an independent predictor of histological fibrosis stage in patients with NAFLD (β= 0.662,t= 5.6,P< 0.001). The area under the ROC curve was estimated 0.931 to separate patients with severe fibrosis from patients with other fibrotic stages.Conclusion:Serum levels of CTGF may be a clinical utility for distinguishing NAFLD patients with and without advanced fibrosis.
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Kim, Young-Kyun, Yeun-Ah Joo, Tae-Shik Yoon, and Kee-Ahn Lee. "Effect of Fe-Cr-B on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Powder Injection Molding Processed Fe-Cr-B/316L Stainless Steel Matrix Composite." Korean Journal of Metals and Materials 61, no. 1 (January 5, 2023): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3365/kjmm.2023.61.1.9.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Stainless steel-based composites (SMCs) mixed with 316L stainless steel powder and Fe-Cr-B based M alloys powder ed M) powder were manufactured using the powder injection molding (PIM) process, and their microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. To examine the effect of M content on the properties of SMCs, the M fraction was controlled to 30 vol.%, 50 vol.%, and 70 vol.%. It was observed that PIM-processed Fe-Cr-B/316L SMCs (30 vol.%, 50 vol.%, 70 vol.%) had γ-austenite and minor α-ferrite as a matrix, and (Cr, Fe)<sub>2</sub>B was formed as a reinforced phase. In tensile tests at room temperature, the yield strengths of the 30 vol.%, 50 vol.%, 70 vol.% M SMCs were measured to be 519.9 MPa, 574.1 MPa, and 604.8 MPa (peak stress), respectively. From the fracture surface observation results, it was found that the deformation behavior changed from the intergranular fracture of boride to intergranular fracture between the matrix and boride, as the M fraction increased. Based on the above results, the deformation and fracture mechanisms of novel Fe-Cr-B/316L SMCs are also discussed.
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Zurnadzhyants, V. A., E. A. Kchibekov, K. G. Gasanov, and A. A. Kchibekov. "Modern view in diagnosis of uremic pseudoperitonitis and peritonitis in patients on renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis)." Perm Medical Journal 38, no. 4 (August 15, 2021): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pmj384104-111.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective. Determination of blood serum 2-microglobulin and lactoferrin concentration in patients on renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis) for the diagnosis of uremic pseudoperitonitis and peritonitis.
Materials and methods. We examined 56 patients admitted to the Surgical Department of Astrakhan Clinical Hospital RZhD-Medicine and City Clinical Hospital № 3, and studied the concentration of blood serum 2-microglobulin and lactoferrin in patients urgently hospitalized with suspicion of uremic pseudoperitonitis or peritonitis, who receive renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis). The control group included 50 outpatients on renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis). The study did not include patients with suspected peritonitis who did not receive renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis). The period of the study is 20192021.
Results. The concentration of serum 2-microglobulin is statistically higher than normal in all patients receiving renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis) in anamnesis. The most statistically high concentration of 2-microglobulin was detected in patients with uremic pseudoperitonitis (n = 39), and was 30000 6680 ng/ml compared with the concentration in the blood serum among patients with peritonitis 6000 519.9 ng/ml. The concentration of lactoferrin is statistically high in peritonitis (n = 17) and was 3480 439 ng/ml compared with uremic pseudoperitonitis 1160 148 ng/ml. In the control group of outpatients (n = 50), who received renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis), no statistically significant concentrations of blood serum 2-microglobulin and lactoferrin were detected.
Conclusions. A clear dependence of 2-microglobulin and lactoferrin concentrations on the severity of uremic pseudoperitonitis and peritonitis was established. Statistically high values of 2-microglobulin concentration were obtained in patients with uremic pseudoperitonitis, and the level of lactoferrin was statistically high in peritonitis.
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Bajetta, Emilio, Laura Catena, Sara Pusceddu, Francesca Spada, Claudio Iannacone, Italo Sarno, Giandomenico Di Menna, Lorenzo Dottorini, and Anna Maria Marte. "Everolimus in Combination with Octreotide Long-Acting Repeatable in a First-Line Setting for Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumors: A 5-Year Update." Neuroendocrinology 106, no. 4 (July 26, 2017): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000479587.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: We previously presented data of this multicentric, phase II study showing that everolimus plus octreotide long-acting repeatable (LAR) for advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), in the first line setting, is an active and safe treatment. We now present updated data at 5 years. Methods: Patients with advanced well-differentiated, previously untreated neuroendocrine tumors of the gastroenteropancreatic tract and of the lung received octreotide LAR 30 mg plus everolimus 10 mg/day. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). We performed an analysis of “long responder” patients and of time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) at 5 years. Results: Fifty patients were enrolled; the primary tumor site was: pancreas (14 patients), lung (11 patients), ileum (9 patients), jejunum/duodenum (2 patients), and unknown (14 patients). Seventeen (34%) of these patients have received treatment for more than 2 years. The median exposure to study drugs was 519.5 days (range 48-2,024). Currently 3 patients are still in treatment. The ORR (partial response + complete response) was 18% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.4-28.6): complete response 1 patient (2%), partial response 8 patients (16%), stable disease 37 patients (74%). The median TTP was 33.6 months (95% CI 18.7-41.2) and the median OS was 61.0 months (95% CI 49.8-not reached). Conclusion: In this update of clinical outcome at 5-year follow-up, everolimus plus octreotide has been shown to be active in advanced NENs. The current analysis showed a further prolongation of TTP and a long exposure to the study drug without major side effects in the long term.
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Dorji, Jigme, Dhendup, and Iona M. MacLeod. "Phenotypic and genetic parameters for milk yield in traditional Nublang cattle (Bos indicus) of Bhutan." Animal Genetic Resources/Ressources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales 57 (July 20, 2015): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2078633615000223.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
SummaryThe Nublang is a unique dual-purpose breed ofBos indicuscattle found in Bhutan. They have been crossed with Mithun (Bos frontalis) andBos taurusbreeds in an effort to improve milk production leading to a decline in the population of purebred Nublang. An alternative to crossbreeding would be the genetic improvement of milk yield within purebred Nublang, thus allowing conservation and sustainable utilization of the pure breed. It is important to measure the genetic variability (heritability) of milk yield to assess the potential for genetic improvement within Nublang. Therefore this study estimated phenotypic and genetic parameters of milk yield using 2 052 test day milk yields from 66 cows recorded from 1997 to 2013 in the National Nublang Farm, Tashiyangphu. The average daily milk yield (DMY) was 2.12 ± 0.7 litres (N 2 052, range: 0.3–5.0 L, CV: 34 percent). Parity, month in milk and year all had a significant effect on DMY (P< 0.05). The average lactation milk yield (LMY) was 519.2 ± 151 L (N: 261, range: 115–881.7, CV: 29.1 percent) and average lactation length was 239 days. LMY was significantly influenced by parity (P< 0.05) and season of calving. The heritability of DMY and LMY was 0.22 ± 0.16 and 0.13 ± 0.20, respectively. The repeatability estimates were 0.45 ± 0.05 and 0.49 ± 0.08 for DMY and LMY, respectively. Overall the heritability and repeatability estimates of milk yields indicate potential for genetic improvement of milk yield in Nublang cattle through selection. However, it is recommended that a larger dataset is generated to enable more precise estimates of genetic parameters.
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KILINÇ, Çetin, Melike YAŞAR DUMAN, Büşra ÇALIŞIR, Nilay ÇÖPLÜ, Rıdvan ÖZBEK, Celal DEMİR, Zafer ERGÜL, and Enis Fuat TÜFEKCİ. "Evaluation of anti-spike IgG response after inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in healthcare workers." Kastamonu Medical Journal 2, no. 4 (December 8, 2022): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.51271/kmj-0085.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim: This study purposed to determine anti-spike IgG levels at the fourth week after the second dose in healthcare workers (HCWs) who had two doses of the CoronaVac vaccine (Sinovac Life Sciences, Beijing, China). The second purpose of the study was to evaluate several factors that may affect antibody levels.
Material and Method: The study was performed at Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital. A total of 197 HCWs of both genders aged 20-63 were included in this study. Antibody levels that neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 subunit were determined using the SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant kit from serum samples collected from the subjects between 10-16 March 2021. Also, a questionnaire containing information about demographic and clinical data was administered to all subjects. It was statistically investigated whether these data affected the anti-spike IgG levels.
Results: All subjects had anti-spike IgG levels positive. The median value of the subjects' anti-spike IgG levels was calculated as 860.2 AU/mL (519.1-1674.1 AU/mL). Anti-spike IgG levels were statistically higher in non-smokers and Rh-positive subjects versus the smokers and Rh-negative subjects (p=0.001 and p=0.046, respectively). However, age groups, gender, COVID-19 history, blood type, and seasonal influenza vaccine did not significantly affect anti-spike IgG levels in the subjects (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Anti-spike IgG responses were positive in all HCWs who received the CoronaVac vaccine. Besides, the results showed that smoking and Rh-factor affect the anti-spike IgG response. On the other hand, further studies need to examine more parameters with a larger number of subjects.
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Joshi, J. R., S. Dhakal, and S. Kafle. "Performance of Wheat Genotypes Under Different Dates of Sowing in Southern Part of Kailali District, Nepal." American Journal of Life Science and Innovation 1, no. 1 (April 19, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v1i1.212.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An experiment was conducted in the Kailali district to study the performance of wheat genotypes under different sowing from December, 2017 to April, 2018. The field experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design with a total of 18 treatments consisting of 2 dates of sowing (November 4 and November 20 ) and 9 wheat genotypes(WH1105, HD2733, HD2824, HD2967, Borlaug100, HD3086, PBW550, NL971 and PBW373). Grain yield (5.802 ton/ha),spike length(17.94 cm) and biomass yield(13.16 ton/ha) of NL 971 was highest. HD 2733 had highest number of effective tillers (519.1/ m2) while number of grains per spike(59.80) was highest in HD 2967. PBW 373 had lowest grain yield (4.551 ton/ha), Borlaug 100 was the variety with minimum number of tillers per m2 area (401.3), minimum spike length(15.14 cm) was observed in HD 2733 ,HD 3086 had lowest no. of grains per spike(42.12). Grain yield(5.328 ton/ha) , effective tillers per m2(475.5) , spike length(16.95 cm), number of grains per spike (53.12), biomass yield(11.45 ton/ha) was recorded maximum in wheat sown on 20th Nov. Grain yield (4.893 ton/ha),effective tillers(435.1), spike length(15.66 cm), grains per spike(49.59) and biomass yield(10.49 ton/ha) was recorded minimum in wheat sown on 4th Nov. Maximum test wt. (50.83 g ) was found in HD 2733 of 20th Nov. and the lowest test wt. (40.47 g) was found in PBW 550 of 20th Nov.
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Lee, Chang Won, In Soo Kim, Jeong-Gil Kim, Hyeoncheol Hwang, Il Young Jung, Shi-Uk Lee, and Kwan-Sik Seo. "Effects of Hydrodilatation With Corticosteroid Injection and Biomechanical Properties in Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis After Breast Cancer Surgery." Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine 46, no. 4 (August 31, 2022): 192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.5535/arm.22059.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective To compare the biomechanical properties of the glenohumeral joint capsule between adhesive capsulitis (AC) after breast cancer surgery and idiopathic AC and demonstrate the effects of hydrodilatation (HD) with corticosteroid injection for AC after breast cancer surgery.Methods Twenty-three prospective patients with AC after breast cancer surgery (BC group) and 44 retrospective patients with idiopathic AC without breast cancer (CON group) underwent HD with corticosteroid injection and home exercise training. We compared their biomechanical characteristics (capsular capacity, maximal pressure, and capsular stiffness). In the BC group, the passive range of motion (ROM) of the affected shoulder and a questionnaire (Shoulder Pain and Disability Index [SPADI]) were evaluated at baseline and 2 and 4 weeks after treatment.Results The BC group showed higher biomechanical characteristics (maximal pressure and capsular stiffness) than did the CON group. The mean maximal pressure and capsular stiffness were 519.67±120.90 mmHg and 19.69±10.58 mmHg/mL in the BC group and 424.78±104.42 mmHg and 11.55±7.77 mmHg/mL in the CON group (p=0.002 and p=0.001, respectively). And, the BC group showed significant improvements in all ROMs (abduction, flexion, and external rotation) and the SPADI pain and disability sub-scores following the treatment.Conclusion The glenohumeral joint capsular stiffness was greater in the patients with AC after breast cancer surgery than in those with idiopathic AC. HD with corticosteroid injection was effective in treating AC after breast cancer surgery.
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Koguchi, Yoshinobu, Noriko Iwamoto, Takashi Shimada, Shu-Ching Chang, John Cha, Brian Piening, Brendan Curti, Walter Urba, and William Redmond. "760 Trough levels of ipilimumab in serum as a potential predictive biomarker of clinical outcomes for patients with advanced melanoma after treatment with ipilimumab." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 8, Suppl 3 (November 2020): A808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2020-sitc2020.0760.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
BackgroundImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) using anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 has revolutionized the treatment of advanced cancer. However, ICB cures only a fraction of patients, and biomarkers such as PD-L1 expression or CXCL11 have suboptimal sensitivity and specificity. Exposure-response (E-R) relationships have been observed in other therapeutic mAbs. There are many factors that can influence E-R,1 yet several studies have shown that trough levels of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 correlated with clinical outcomes. Little is known about the potential utility of anti-CTLA-4 levels as a predictive biomarker.MethodsSerum was obtained after doses 2 and 4 from patients with advanced melanoma who received ipilimumab alone (3 mg/kg every 3 weeks for 4 treatments) via an expanded access program. We have successfully established a proteomics assay to measure ipilimumab concentration in serum using a versatile LC-MS/MS-based nano-surface and molecular-orientation limited proteolysis (nSMOL) approach.2ResultsSerum samples from 38 patients were assessed for the ipilimumab trough levels by the nSMOL assay. The ipilimumab concentrations after dose 2 were ranged between 4.44 and 33.63 ug/ml (median:16.30, IQR: 11.41 – 20.87). We found that patients with lower serum trough levels of ipilimumab had poorer overall survival when we grouped patients based on the ipilimumab trough level (figure1 Median survival: < median = 199.5 days, > median = 519.0 days. Log-rank test: p = 0.0057). A similar result was observed for ipilimumab trough levels after dose 4. We also found that trough levels of ipilimumab inversely associated with CXCL11 (p = 0.0095. R2 = 0.1818), a predictive biomarker we previously identified,3 and soluble CD25 (sCD25) (p = 0.0038. R2 =0.2210), a prognostic biomarker for advanced melanoma but not with other biomarkers such as absolute lymphocyte counts, LDH, VEGF, sMICA, and sMICB.Abstract 760 Figure 1Poorer OS in patients with lower trough levels of ipilimumabPatients with lower serum trough levels of ipilimumab had poorer overall survival when we grouped patients based on the ipilimumab trough level (Median survival: < median = 199.5 days, > median = 519.0 days. Log-rank test: p = 0.0057).ConclusionsOur results suggest that the trough levels of ipilimumab might be a useful predictive biomarker for the long-term survival of the patients with advanced melanoma treated by ipilimumab. The weak association of ipilimumab trough levels with CXCL11 and sCD25 as well as no association with known biomarkers highlights the potential usefulness of trough levels of ipilimumab as the biomarker. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms for lower levels of ipilimumab in refractory patients to improve the efficacy of ICB.AcknowledgementsThis study was funded by Providence Portland Medical Foundation and Shimadzu Corporation.Trial RegistrationNCT00495066Ethics ApprovalAll patients provided written informed consent and all studies were carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki under good clinical practice and Institutional Review Board approval.ReferencesDai HI, Vugmeyster Y, Mangal N. Characterizing exposure-response relationship for therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in immuno-oncology and beyond: challenges, perspectives, and prospects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2020. 10.1002/cpt.1953.Iwamoto N, et al. Selective detection of complementarity-determining regions of monoclonal antibody by limiting protease access to the substrate: nano-surface and molecular-orientation limited proteolysis. Analyst 2014;139:576–580.Koguchi Y, et al. Serum immunoregulatory proteins as predictors of overall survival of metastatic melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab. Cancer Res 2015;75:5084–5092.
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Pertseva, N. O., and K. I. Moshenets. "Definition of the dependence of QTc interval prolongation on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus." Medicni perspektivi 27, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2022.1.254326.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the study: to assess the impact of glycemic variability on the duration of QTc interval in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. 68 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level ≤10% were examined. Of them – 37 (54.4%) men and 31 (45.6%) women. The average age – 46.0 (43.0; 54.0) years, the duration of DM type 2 – 7.0 (5.0; 9.0) years. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to HbA1c level: group 1 (n=31) with HbA1c <7% and group 2 (n=37) with HbA1c ≥7%. The control group consisted of 10 practically healthy people, compared by gender and age. The duration of the QTc interval was calculated automatically by Bazett's formula during 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings. Additionally, the percentage of cases of exceeding the QTc threshold over 450 ms (QTc>450) was also calculated. Simultaneously with 24-hour Holter monitoring, the continuous glucose monitoring was performed, using iPro2 system (Medtronic MiniMed, USA). The maximum value of glycemia (Gmax), the minimum value of glycemia (Gmin), as well as indicators of glycemia variability (GV) were analyzed: standard deviation of mean glycemia (SD) and glycemia range (GR). The duration of daily QTc and the value of QTc >450 in patients with type 2 DM were significantly greater compared with the control group (p<0.05) and did not depend on the HbA1c level. In type 2 DM patients without recorded hypoglycemic episodes, the characteristics of QTc did not differ from the results of the control group (p>0.05). At the time of the hypoglycemic episode, the QTc duration in patients with type 2 DM significantly increased compared with the average daily value of QTc in the same patients – 487 (466; 519.5) ms against 436.5 (431; 452) ms (p<0.001). A strong correlation between QTc duration and the presence of hypoglycemia was determined (rs=0.78; p=0.023). QTc duration also correlated with GR (rs=0.23; p=0.016) and SD (rs=0.21; p=0.021). Therefore, it was found that in patients with type 2 diabetes, the prolongation of QTc duration is associated with high glycemic fluctuations and hypoglycemia (p<0.05) regardless of the HbA1c level.
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O’Toole, Dermot, Alexandru Saveanu, Anne Couvelard, Ginette Gunz, Alain Enjalbert, Philippe Jaquet, Philippe Ruszniewski, and Anne Barlier. "The analysis of quantitative expression of somatostatin and dopamine receptors in gastro-entero-pancreatic tumours opens new therapeutic strategies." European Journal of Endocrinology 155, no. 6 (December 2006): 849–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.1.02307.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective: Somatostatin (sst) are present in the majority of gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) tumours. Effects of somatostatin receptor (sst) analogues are partial and of limited duration. Cell lines derived from GEP express dopaminergic receptors D2. New chimeric analogues simultaneously recognising sst2 and sst5 or sst2 and D2 have additive effects in inhibition of GH and prolactin secretion in pituitary adenomas. Our aim was to quantify the expression of sst and D2 mRNA in human GEP tumours. Design and methods: mRNA expression of sst1, sst2, sst3 and sst5 as well as D2, was analysed using real-time PCR (TaqMan probe) in a series of 35 patients with GEP tumours (pancreas (n = 19) and intestinal (n = 16)). Levels of expression were compared with a group of 13 somatotroph adenomas. Results: All GEP tumours express sst1, sst2 and D2. Expression of sst3 and sst5 was observed in 89 and 76% of tumours respectively with highly variable levels. sst2 mRNA expression was higher in nonfunctional tumours (P < 0.009) and sst5 was higher in pancreatic than in intestinal tumours (P < 0.02). Whereas sst2 levels were similar between GEP and somatotroph tumours, levels of sst5 and D2 were higher in the former (394.9 ± 156.1 × 10−2 vs 69.7 ± 19.5 × 10−2 copy/copy β-Gus (P < 0.0036) and 519.6 ± 121.2 × 10−2 vs 50.0 ± 21.6 × 10−2 copy/copy β-Gus (P < 0.0001) respectively). In small tumours ( < 30 mm), sst2 density appeared as a crucial parameter in somatostatin receptor scintigraphy results, whereas in big tumours, a consistent bias in SRS results was introduced by the size. In pancreatic GEP, high-level sst3 expression was found in tumours with more active angiogenesis (higher microvessel density and vascular endothelial growth factor expression (P < 0.03)). Conclusions: GEP tumours co-express sst2 and D2 in 100% of cases and sst5 in 89% thus supporting the testing of bi-specific agonists (sst2/sst5 or sst2/D2) in these tumours.
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PALACIOS, ADRIAN G., RANJANA SRIVASTAVA, and TIMOTHY H. GOLDSMITH. "Spectral and polarization sensitivity of photocurrents of amphibian rods in the visible and ultraviolet." Visual Neuroscience 15, no. 2 (February 1998): 319–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523898152136.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Photocurrents from isolated rods of adults and sub-adults of three species of amphibians, Rana pipiens, Ambystoma tigrinum, and Xenopus laevis, were measured with suction pipette electrodes. The intensity for a half-maximal response was 0.91 ± 0.48 photons μm−2 flash−1 (mean ± s.d., 10-ms flashes) for Rana, 0.92 ± 0.44 for Ambystoma, and 6.14 ± 1.33 for Xenopus. The mean number of photoisomerizations at half-saturation was 22 ± 12 for Rana, 50 ± 24 for Ambystoma, and 221 ± 48 for Xenopus. The photocurrent per photoisomerization is several times smaller in Xenopus rods than in the other two species. Spectral sensitivity was measured from 277–737 nm with light polarized both parallel and perpendicular to the planes of the membrane disks. Dichroism fell in the near UV and was absent in the region of absorption by tryptophan and tyrosine. Maximum sensitivity of Rana was at 503.9 ± 2.6 nm (n = 86), and of Ambystoma, 505.8 ± 1.8 nm (n = 24). Animals from these same batches that were sampled by HPLC had no 3-dehydroretinal (retinal2). Xenopus containing about 94% retinal2 and 6% retinal1 had λmax at 519.3 ± 2.7 nm (n = 11). Spectral position of the β-band, estimated by the method of Stavenga et al. (1993), appears to be at longer wavelengths in amphibian photoreceptors than in other vertebrates. Fits of log sensitivity to a normalized-frequency template that tracks the long-wavelength tail of the α-band (Lamb, 1995) show that the rod pigments of Rana and Ambystoma are slightly narrower than those found in the photoreceptors of fish and mammals.
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Huang, Ying, Nima S. Hejazi, Bryan Blette, Lindsay N. Carpp, David Benkeser, David C. Montefiori, Adrian B. McDermott, et al. "Stochastic Interventional Vaccine Efficacy and Principal Surrogate Analyses of Antibody Markers as Correlates of Protection against Symptomatic COVID-19 in the COVE mRNA-1273 Trial." Viruses 15, no. 10 (September 29, 2023): 2029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15102029.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The COVE trial randomized participants to receive two doses of mRNA-1273 vaccine or placebo on Days 1 and 29 (D1, D29). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgG binding antibodies (bAbs), anti-receptor binding domain IgG bAbs, 50% inhibitory dilution neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers, and 80% inhibitory dilution nAb titers were measured at D29 and D57. We assessed these markers as correlates of protection (CoPs) against COVID-19 using stochastic interventional vaccine efficacy (SVE) analysis and principal surrogate (PS) analysis, frameworks not used in our previous COVE immune correlates analyses. By SVE analysis, hypothetical shifts of the D57 Spike IgG distribution from a geometric mean concentration (GMC) of 2737 binding antibody units (BAU)/mL (estimated vaccine efficacy (VE): 92.9% (95% CI: 91.7%, 93.9%)) to 274 BAU/mL or to 27,368 BAU/mL resulted in an overall estimated VE of 84.2% (79.0%, 88.1%) and 97.6% (97.4%, 97.7%), respectively. By binary marker PS analysis of Low and High subgroups (cut-point: 2094 BAU/mL), the ignorance interval (IGI) and estimated uncertainty interval (EUI) for VE were [85%, 90%] and (78%, 93%) for Low compared to [95%, 96%] and (92%, 97%) for High. By continuous marker PS analysis, the IGI and 95% EUI for VE at the 2.5th percentile (519.4 BAU/mL) vs. at the 97.5th percentile (9262.9 BAU/mL) of D57 Spike IgG concentration were [92.6%, 93.4%] and (89.2%, 95.7%) vs. [94.3%, 94.6%] and (89.7%, 97.0%). Results were similar for other D29 and D57 markers. Thus, the SVE and PS analyses additionally support all four markers at both time points as CoPs.
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Haring, Monika M. M., and Andrew M. McDonald. "Nolzeite, Na(Mn,□)2[Si3(B,Si)O9(OH)2]·2H2O, a new pyroxenoid mineral from Mont Saint-Hilaire, Québec, Canada." Mineralogical Magazine 81, no. 1 (February 2017): 183–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2016.080.089.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractNolzeite, Na(Mn,□)2[Si3(B,Si)O9(OH)2]·2H2O, is a new mineral found in altered sodalite syenite at the Poudrette quarry, La Vallée-du-Richelieu, Montérégie (formerly Rouville County), Québec, Canada. Crystals are colourless to pale green and are acicular with average dimensions of 5 μm × 8 μm × 55 μm. They occur as radiating to loose, randomly oriented groupings within vugs associated with aegirine, nepheline, sodalite, eudialyte-group minerals, analcime, natron, pyrrhotite, catapleiite, steedeite and the unidentified mineral, UK80. Nolzeite is non-pleochroic, biaxial, with nmin = 1.616(2) and nmax = 1.636(2) and has a positive elongation. The average of six chemical analyses gave the empirical formula: Na1.04(Mn1.69□0.24Fe0.05Ca0.02)∑=2.00(Si2.96S0.04)∑=3.00(B0.70Si0.30)∑=1.00O9(OH)2·2H2O based on 13 anions. The Raman spectrum shows six distinct bands occurring at ∼3600–3300 cm–1 and 1600–1500 cm–1 (O–H and H–O–H bending), 1300–1200 cm–1 (B–OH bending), 1030–800 cm–1 (Si–O–Si stretching) as well as 700–500 cm–1 and 400–50 cm–1 (Mn–O and Na–O bonding, respectively). The FTIR spectrum for nolzeite shows bands at ∼2800 –3600 cm–1(O–H) stretching, a moderately sharp band at 1631 cm –1(H–O–H) bending, strong, sharp bands at ∼650 –700 cm–1, ∼800 –840 cm–1, and ∼900–1100 cm–1(Si–O and B –O) bonds. Nolzeite is triclinic, crystallizing in space group P with a = 6.894(1), b = 7.632(2), c = 11.017(2) Å, α= 108.39(3), β= 99.03, γ = 103.05(3)°, V = 519.27 Å3, and Z = 2. The crystal structure was refined to R = 12.37% and wR2 = 31.07% for 1361 reflections (Fo > 4σFo). It is based on chains of tetrahedra with a periodicity of three (i.e. a dreier chain) consisting of three symmetrically independent SiO4 tetrahedra forming C-shaped clusters closed by BO2(OH)2 tetrahedra, producing single loop-branched dreier borosilicate chains. The chains are linked through shared corners to double chains of edge-sharing MnO5(OH) octahedra. Nolzeite is a chain silicate closely related to steedeite and members of the sérandite–pectolite series. Paragenetically, nolzeite is late-stage, probably forming under alkaline conditions and over a narrow range of low pressures and temperatures.
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Jarvis, Nicholas, Amaal J. Starling, and Todd J. Schwedt. "Photophobia symptoms and visual pain thresholds in posttraumatic headache after mild traumatic brain injury." Neurology 91, no. 23 Supplement 1 (December 4, 2018): S11.2—S11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000550668.55103.10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
BackgroundLight sensitivity can be a disabling symptom in posttraumatic headache (PTH). The objective of this pilot study was to characterize photophobia symptoms and visual pain thresholds in PTH compared to healthy controls (HC).MethodsIndividuals with PTH attributed to mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) (N = 18) and HC (N = 20), aged 18–65, were prospectively assessed using the Photosensitivity Assessment Questionnaire (PAQ), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). A progressive light stimulation device was used to quantify visual pain thresholds. Visual pain thresholds were determined by the intensity of light at which subjects first noted pain. The mean of 3 trials was considered the visual pain threshold. Two sample t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, χ2 test and Fisher exact test was used to compare the 2 groups for their demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes measures.ResultsThere were no differences in demographics including age, gender, or race. The average time since onset of PTH was 50.7 (73.6) months. Those with PTH had 15.8 (9.2) headache days per month. BDI and STAI scores were significantly higher in PTH compared to HC. Photophobia was higher in PTH compared to HC, 0.64 (0.25) vs 0.24 (0.24), p < 0.0001. Visual pain thresholds were lower in PTH (median 50.1 lux; quartiles 15.3 to 300.0) compared to HC (median 863.5 lux; quartiles 519.9 to 4,906.5; p = 0.0002).ConclusionPhotophobia symptoms are higher and visual pain thresholds are lower in PTH compared to HC. Light sensitivity is a well-known disabling symptom in PTH and this pilot study provides objective data through a validated photophobia scale and visual pain thresholds to characterize light sensitivity. Additional studies are needed to confirm this data, to compare acute to persistent PTH, to compare PTH to other headache disorders, and to determine if photophobia and visual pain thresholds will improve with intervention.
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Al-Gharawi, Firas Abdul Karim Makki, Hamza Nouri Al-Dulaimi, and Naim Shteiwi Matar. "Effect of Adding Different Levels of Potassium on Some Vegetative Growth Characteristics of Maize Under Water Stress Conditions." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1262, no. 5 (December 1, 2023): 052054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1262/5/052054.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract A field experiment was conducted for the autumn season in 2022 in an agricultural land in the province of Raranjia (Hamzawiyah), 10 km south of Babylon Governorate, the center of Hilla, in soil with sandy clay mixed texture to improve the growth efficiency of the Maize plants (Zea mays L.) Fajr 1 cultivar under water stress conditions by the effect of irrigation durations and the addition of different amounts of potassium sulfate. The experiment was designed in randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) with three replicates. in a split - plots arrangement, as the irrigation periods included four levels, namely irrigation every (6, 8, 10 and 12) days as a main factor, while potassium sulfate included four levels (0, 150, 200 and 250) kg.h-1. The results achieved the duration of irrigation every 8 days significant superiority in the average on the highest, leaf area, leaves content of chlorophyll and the dry matter of plant, which amounted to 177.8 cm, 519.3 cm 2, 47.9 SPAD and 428.5 g, while the duration of irrigation every 12 days was significantly reduced in reducing some vegetative growth characteristics, as the average yield of dry matter reached 341.9 g and the level of potassium sulfate added significantly affected the increase in vegetative of growth indicators such as plant height, leaf area, dry weight and leaf content of chlorophyll, and the potassium level of 250 kg.h-1 achieved the highest values among other potassium levels for the same traits, reaching 180.3 cm, 522.9 cm2, 432.1 g and 47.9 SPAD respectively, while the interaction between the two factors had a significant impact on most of the studied traits and gave interference Irrigation periods 8 days and potassium addition 250 kg.ha -1.
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Sansur, Charles A., Nicholas M. Caffes, David M. Ibrahimi, Nathan L. Pratt, Evan M. Lewis, Ashley A. Murgatroyd, and Bryan W. Cunningham. "Biomechanical fixation properties of cortical versus transpedicular screws in the osteoporotic lumbar spine: an in vitro human cadaveric model." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 25, no. 4 (October 2016): 467–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.2.spine151046.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
OBJECTIVE Optimal strategies for fixation in the osteoporotic lumbar spine remain a clinical issue. Classic transpedicular fixation in the osteoporotic spine is frequently plagued with construct instability, often due to inadequate cortical screw–bone purchase. A cortical bone trajectory maximizes bony purchase and has been reported to provide increased screw pullout strength. The aim of the current investigation was to evaluate the biomechanical efficacy of cortical spinal fixation as a surgical alternative to transpedicular fixation in the osteoporotic lumbar spine under physiological loading. METHODS Eight fresh-frozen human spinopelvic specimens with low mean bone mineral densities (T score less than or equal to –2.5) underwent initial destabilization, consisting of laminectomy and bilateral facetectomies (L2–3 and L4–5), followed by pedicle or cortical reconstructions randomized between levels. The surgical constructs then underwent fatigue testing followed by tensile load to failure pullout testing to quantify screw pullout force. RESULTS When stratifying the pullout data with fixation technique and operative vertebral level, cortical screw fixation exhibited a marked increase in mean load at failure in the lower vertebral segments (p = 0.188, 625.6 ± 233.4 N vs 450.7 ± 204.3 N at L-4 and p = 0.219, 640.9 ± 207.4 N vs 519.3 ± 132.1 N at L-5) while transpedicular screw fixation demonstrated higher failure loads in the superior vertebral elements (p = 0.024, 783.0 ± 516.1 N vs 338.4 ± 168.2 N at L-2 and p = 0.220, 723.0 ± 492.9 N vs 469.8 ± 252.0 N at L-3). Although smaller in diameter and length, cortical fixation resulted in failures that were not significantly different from larger pedicle screws (p > 0.05, 449.4 ± 265.3 N and 541.2 ± 135.1 N vs 616.0 ± 384.5 N and 484.0 ± 137.1 N, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Cortical screw fixation exhibits a marked increase in mean load at failure in the lower vertebral segments and may offer a viable alternative to traditional pedicle screw fixation, particularly for stabilization of lower lumbar vertebral elements with definitive osteoporosis.
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Travnicek, J., V. Kroupova, I. Herzig, and J. Kursa. "Iodine content in consumer hen eggs." Veterinární Medicína 51, No. 3 (March 19, 2012): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5526-vetmed.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents the latest information about the supply of iodine to meet its requirements in hens of laying type, on the basis of iodine content in egg yolk and about the importance of eggs as an iodine source in human nutrition. The Sandell-Kolthoff method was applied to determine iodine content in the yolk of eggs from 9 large flocks (54 eggs) and 16 small flocks (96 eggs) in 2004, and from 10 large flocks (135 eggs) and 15 small flocks (114 eggs) in 2005. Iodine content was also determined in the albumen of 70 eggs. In 2004, the iodine content in the yolk of eggs from large flocks was 1 014.1 ± 356.6 while in 2005 it amounted to 1 663.8 ± 1 179.7 µg/kg fresh matter (P < 0.01); the respective values for the yolk of eggs from small flocks in 2004 and 2005 were 307.1 ± 255.7 and 519.5 ± 508.2 µg/kg fresh matter (P < 0.01). Compared to 1996, in 2005, the iodine content in yolk increased by 123.7% in large flocks, and by 19.2% in small flocks. The iodine content in albumen was 16.2 ± 9.7 µg/kg fresh matter, and it accounted for 2.6–5.0% of the total iodine content in 1 egg. The correlation coefficient between iodine contents in yolk and albumen was r = 0.67. In the Czech Republic, 1 egg from large flocks contains on average 31.2 µg iodine while 1 egg from small flocks contains 10.0 µg. Eggs from large flocks cover 7–14% and from small flocks 2.2–4.4% of the daily iodine requirement in adults. Iodine concentrations exceeding 2 500 µg/kg yolk fresh matter in large flocks were measured between week 32 and 60 of the laying cycle and with daily intake of 0.116–0.132 mg iodine per hen.
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Malyugin, B. E., A. M. Gelyastanov, O. P. Antonova, A. V. Belodedova, and A. A. Khaletskaya. "Comparative Analysis of Clinical and Functional Results of Standard and Modified Endothelial and Descemet Membrane Transplantation Techniques." Ophthalmology in Russia 20, no. 1 (April 5, 2023): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2023-1-95-104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose: to evaluate the clinical and functional results of two methods of Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty using a full and half graft.Patients and methods. This study is based on surgical treatment of 54 patients (54 eyes) with cataracts and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy were divided into two groups. In the first one, phacoemulsification of cataract with implantation of a hydrophobic IOL and standard «classical» technique of Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty were performed, it included 30 patients (30 eyes). The second group underwent cataract phacoemulsification with implantation of a hydrophobic IOL and modified transplantation of a fragment (1/2) of Descemet’s membrane, it included 24 patients (24 eyes).Results. Transparent engraftment in the first group was achieved in 100 % of cases (30 out of 30 patients), in the second group in 95.8 % of cases (23 out of 24 patients). It should be noted that in the second group, one patient had fibrosis of the posterior layers of the corneal stroma (due to incomplete adherence of the DM to the posterior surface of the recipient’s cornea), this complication required endothelial re-keratoplasty. After 12 months, the BCVA improved from 0.2 ± 0.1 to 0.8 ± 0.2 in the first group, from 0.1 ± 0.1 to 0.7 ± 0.2 in the second group (p < 0 ,0001). The central corneal thickness (CCT) according to keratopachymetry in the first group decreased from 648.7 ± 60 to 512.4 ± 27.4 μm, in the second group — from 650.9 ± 44.5 to 519.6 ± 43.9 μm respectively. The endothelial cell loss (ECL) was 52.3 % and 54.9 % in the first and second groups respectively.Conclusion. The modified technique of Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty is effective for the treatment of Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy providing high clinical and functional results. A comparative analysis of the results obtained showed that at all results of BCVA, ECC and CCT by 12 months after surgery were comparable between two groups. Thus, the use of the new technique made it possible to double the availability of donor material and provide patients good clinical outcomes comparable to those of «classical» DMEK.
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Moore, Margaret M., David W. Huffman, Peter Z. Fulé, W. Wallace Covington, and Joseph E. Crouse. "Comparison of Historical and Contemporary Forest Structure and Composition on Permanent Plots in Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Forests." Forest Science 50, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 162–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/50.2.162.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract We compared historical (1909–1913) and contemporary (1997–1999) forest structure and composition on 15 permanent plots in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) forests of Arizona and New Mexico. We used the same sampling methods as in the early 1900s and compared stand density, diameter distributions, species composition, and broad age classes from the two periods. Stand density (trees ≥9.14 cm dbh) significantly (P < 0.001) increased on plots from an average of 77.4 trees per plot (s = 49.9) at plot establishment in 1909–1913 to 519.1 trees per plot (s = 252.3) at remeasurement in 1997–1999. Basal area significantly (P < 0.001) increased from 8.0 m2 per plot (s = 3.5) to 28.5 m2 per plot (s = 10.1). Contemporary tree diameter distribution shifted toward smaller size classes as demonstrated by a significant (P = 0.001) decrease in quadratic mean diameter from 38.5 cm (s = 7.5) in 1909–1913 to 28.6 cm (s = 7.1) in 1997–1999. Broad age classes yielded an average of 61.5 (s = 49.5) residual live trees classified as “blackjack” ponderosa pine (P. ponderosa <150 years) and 13.3 (s = 11.9) “yellow pine” (P. ponderosa ≥150 years) in 1909–1913. In 1997–1999, 416 live trees (s = 229.6) were “blackjack” and 57.2 (s = 28.5) trees on average were “yellow pine.” Twelve of the 15 plots were not invaded by other tree species (remained pure ponderosa pine type), while composition shifted slightly on three plots toward more shade-tolerant and fire-intolerant species. Ninety-one percent of the historically (1909–1913 or older) mapped tree structures (live trees, snags, logs, stumps, etc.) were relocated, which suggested that the forest reconstruction field techniques are reliable within 10%. Dramatic increases in tree densities may represent an increased potential for bark beetle epidemics and stand replacing wildfire over large areas in the Southwest. FOR. SCI. 50(2):162–176.
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Hernández-Fernández, Francisco, Hernán Sandoval Valencia, Rosa Angélica Barbella-Aponte, Rosa Collado-Jiménez, Óscar Ayo-Martín, Cristina Barrena, Juan David Molina-Nuevo, et al. "Cerebrovascular disease in patients with COVID-19: neuroimaging, histological and clinical description." Brain 143, no. 10 (July 9, 2020): 3089–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awaa239.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Since the appearance of the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic has emerged affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Although the main clinical manifestations are respiratory, an increase in neurological conditions, specifically acute cerebrovascular disease, has been detected. We present cerebrovascular disease case incidence in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients were confirmed by microbiological/serological testing, or on chest CT semiology. Available data on co-morbidity, laboratory parameters, treatment administered, neuroimaging, neuropathological studies and clinical evolution during hospitalization, measured by the modified Rankin scale, were analysed. A bivariate study was also designed to identify differences between ischaemic and haemorrhagic subtypes. A statistical model of binary logistic regression and sensitivity analysis was designed to study the influence of independent variables over prognosis. In our centre, there were 1683 admissions of patients with COVID-19 over 50 days, of which 23 (1.4%) developed cerebrovascular disease. Within this group of patients, cerebral and chest CT scans were performed in all cases, and MRI in six (26.1%). Histological samples were obtained in 6/23 cases (two brain biopsies, and four arterial thrombi). Seventeen patients were classified as cerebral ischaemia (73.9%, with two arterial dissections), five as intracerebral haemorrhage (21.7%), and one leukoencephalopathy of posterior reversible encephalopathy type. Haemorrhagic patients had higher ferritin levels at the time of stroke (1554.3 versus 519.2, P = 0.004). Ischaemic strokes were unexpectedly frequent in the vertebrobasilar territory (6/17, 35.3%). In the haemorrhagic group, a characteristic radiological pattern was identified showing subarachnoid haemorrhage, parieto-occipital leukoencephalopathy, microbleeds and single or multiple focal haematomas. Brain biopsies performed showed signs of thrombotic microangiopathy and endothelial injury, with no evidence of vasculitis or necrotizing encephalitis. The functional prognosis during the hospital period was unfavourable in 73.9% (17/23 modified Rankin scale 4–6), and age was the main predictive variable (odds ratio = 1.5; 95% confidence interval 1.012–2.225; P = 0.043). Our series shows cerebrovascular disease incidence of 1.4% in patients with COVID-19 with high morbidity and mortality. We describe pathological and radiological data consistent with thrombotic microangiopathy caused by endotheliopathy with a haemorrhagic predisposition.
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Rojo-Tolosa, Susana, José Antonio Sánchez-Martínez, Laura Elena Pineda-Lancheros, José María Gálvez-Navas, María Victoria González-Gutiérrez, Gonzalo Jiménez-Gálvez, Cristina Pérez-Ramírez, Concepción Morales-García, and Alberto Jiménez-Morales. "Influence of Genetics on the Response to Omalizumab in Patients with Severe Uncontrolled Asthma with an Allergic Phenotype." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 8 (April 10, 2023): 7029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087029.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Omalizumab is a monoclonal antibody indicated for the treatment of severe uncontrolled asthma with an allergic phenotype. Its effectiveness could be influenced by clinical variables and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in one or more of the genes involved in the mechanism of action and process of response to omalizumab, and these could be used as predictive biomarkers of response. We conducted an observational retrospective cohort study that included patients with severe uncontrolled allergic asthma treated with omalizumab in a tertiary hospital. Satisfactory response after 12 months of treatment was defined as (1) Reduction ≥ 50% of exacerbations or no exacerbations, (2) Improvement of lung function ≥ 10% FEV1, and (3) Reduction ≥ 50% of OCS courses or no OCS. Polymorphisms in the FCER1A (rs2251746, rs2427837), FCER1B (rs1441586, rs573790, rs1054485, rs569108), C3 (rs2230199), FCGR2A (rs1801274), FCGR2B (rs3219018, rs1050501), FCGR3A (rs10127939, rs396991), IL1RL1 (rs1420101, rs17026974, rs1921622), and GATA2 (rs4857855) genes were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using TaqMan probes. A total of 110 patients under treatment with omalizumab were recruited. After 12 months of treatment, the variables associated with a reduction in exacerbations were the absence of polyposis (odds ratio [OR] = 4.22; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.95–19.63), IL1RL1 rs17026974-AG (OR = 19.07; 95% CI = 1.27–547), and IL1RL1 rs17026974-GG (OR = 16.76; 95% CI = 1.22–438.76). Reduction in oral corticosteroids (OCS) was associated with age of starting omalizumab treatment (OR = 0.95; 95% CI = 0.91–0.99) and blood eosinophil levels > 300 cells/µL (OR = 2.93; 95% CI = 1.01–9.29). Improved lung function showed a relationship to the absence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR = 12.16; 95% CI = 2.45–79.49), FCGR2B rs3219018-C (OR = 8.6; 95% CI = 1.12–117.15), GATA2 rs4857855-T (OR = 15.98; 95% CI = 1.52–519.57) and FCGR2A rs1801274-G (OR = 13.75; 95% CI = 2.14–142.68; AG vs. AA and OR = 7.46; 95% CI = 0.94–89.12; GG vs. AA). Meeting one response criterion was related to FCER1A rs2251746-TT (OR = 24; 95% CI = 0.77–804.57), meeting two to age of asthma diagnosis (OR = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.88–0.99), and meeting all three to body mass index (BMI) < 25 (OR = 14.23; 95% CI = 3.31–100.77) and C3 rs2230199-C (OR = 3; 95% CI = 1.01–9.92). The results of this study show the possible influence of the polymorphisms studied on the response to omalizumab and the clinical benefit that could be obtained by defining predictive biomarkers of treatment response.
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Murakami, Haruka, Ryoko Kawakami, Satoshi Nakae, Yosuke Yamada, Yoshio Nakata, Kazunori Ohkawara, Hiroyuki Sasai, Kazuko Ishikawa-Takata, Shigeho Tanaka, and Motohiko Miyachi. "Accuracy of 12 Wearable Devices for Estimating Physical Activity Energy Expenditure Using a Metabolic Chamber and the Doubly Labeled Water Method: Validation Study." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 7, no. 8 (August 2, 2019): e13938. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/13938.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background Self-monitoring using certain types of pedometers and accelerometers has been reported to be effective for promoting and maintaining physical activity (PA). However, the validity of estimating the level of PA or PA energy expenditure (PAEE) for general consumers using wearable devices has not been sufficiently established. Objective We examined the validity of 12 wearable devices for determining PAEE during 1 standardized day in a metabolic chamber and 15 free-living days using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. Methods A total of 19 healthy adults aged 21 to 50 years (9 men and 10 women) participated in this study. They followed a standardized PA protocol in a metabolic chamber for an entire day while simultaneously wearing 12 wearable devices: 5 devices on the waist, 5 on the wrist, and 2 placed in the pocket. In addition, they spent their daily lives wearing 12 wearable devices under free-living conditions while being subjected to the DLW method for 15 days. The PAEE criterion was calculated by subtracting the basal metabolic rate measured by the metabolic chamber and 0.1×total energy expenditure (TEE) from TEE. The TEE was obtained by the metabolic chamber and DLW methods. The PAEE values of wearable devices were also extracted or calculated from each mobile phone app or website. The Dunnett test and Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to examine the variables estimated by wearable devices. Results On the standardized day, the PAEE estimated using the metabolic chamber (PAEEcha) was 528.8±149.4 kcal/day. The PAEEs of all devices except the TANITA AM-160 (513.8±135.0 kcal/day; P>.05), SUZUKEN Lifecorder EX (519.3±89.3 kcal/day; P>.05), and Panasonic Actimarker (545.9±141.7 kcal/day; P>.05) were significantly different from the PAEEcha. None of the devices was correlated with PAEEcha according to both Pearson (r=−.13 to .37) and Spearman (ρ=−.25 to .46) correlation tests. During the 15 free-living days, the PAEE estimated by DLW (PAEEdlw) was 728.0±162.7 kcal/day. PAEE values of all devices except the Omron Active style Pro (716.2±159.0 kcal/day; P>.05) and Omron CaloriScan (707.5±172.7 kcal/day; P>.05) were significantly underestimated. Only 2 devices, the Omron Active style Pro (r=.46; P=.045) and Panasonic Actimarker (r=.48; P=.04), had significant positive correlations with PAEEdlw according to Pearson tests. In addition, 3 devices, the TANITA AM-160 (ρ=.50; P=.03), Omron CaloriScan (ρ=.48; P=.04), and Omron Active style Pro (ρ=.48; P=.04), could be ranked in PAEEdlw. Conclusions Most wearable devices do not provide comparable PAEE estimates when using gold standard methods during 1 standardized day or 15 free-living days. Continuous development and evaluations of these wearable devices are needed for better estimations of PAEE.
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ZIEGLER, THOMAS, TRUONG QUANG NGUYEN, CUONG THE PHAM, TAO THIEN NGUYEN, ANH VAN PHAM, MONA VAN SCHINGEN, THAM THI NGUYEN, and MINH DUC LE. "Three new species of the snake genus Achalinus from Vietnam (Squamata: Xenodermatidae)." Zootaxa 4590, no. 2 (April 26, 2019): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4590.2.3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Three new species of the xenodermatid genus Achalinus are described from northern Vietnam based on morphological and molecular evidence: Achalinus juliani sp. nov. is characterized by a combination of the following characters: 1) maxillary teeth 28; 2) suture between the internasals distinctly longer than that between the prefrontals; 3) internasal not fused to prefrontal; 4) loreal not fused with prefrontal; 5) infralabials 6; 6) mental separated from anterior chin shields; 7) two elongated anterior temporals, in contact with the eye, and two posterior temporals; 8) dorsal scales in 25–23–23 rows, keeled; 9) ventrals 173–179; 10) subcaudals 77–91, unpaired; 11) a total length of at least 413 mm (with a maximum tail length of 109 mm, and a tail/total length ratio of 0.22–0.37); 12) dorsum in preservative reddish to greyish brown above, with the lower and posterior head sides being paler; venter greyish cream, with the underside of the tail being somewhat darker. Achalinus timi sp. nov. is characterized by a combination of the following characters: 1) maxillary teeth 27; 2) suture between the internasals distinctly longer than that between the prefrontals; 3) loreal fused with the prefrontal on each side, with the prefrontal extending towards the supralabials; 4) dorsal scales in 25–25–23 rows, keeled; 5) ventrals 170+1; 6) subcaudals 72, unpaired; 7) a total length of at least 177.9 mm in males (with a tail length of 37.9 mm, and a tail/total length ratio of 0.21); 8) dorsum in preservative reddish to greyish brown above, with wide portion of the vertebral region being distinctly darker; the lower head sides somewhat paler; infralabial and chin shields light greyish brown; venter greyish cream, with the underside of the tail being somewhat darker and the chin region somewhat paler. Achalinus emilyae sp. nov. is characterized by a combination of the following characters: 1) maxillary teeth 27 or 28; 2) suture between internasals distinctly longer than that between the prefrontals; 3) internasal not fused to prefrontal; 4) loreal not fused with prefrontal; 5) infralabials 5; 6) mental separated from anterior chin shields; 7) two anterior temporals, only the upper one in contact with eye, and two posterior temporals; 8) dorsal scales in 23–23–23 rows, keeled; 9) ventrals in females 157–161; 10) subcaudals in females 63, unpaired; 11) a total length of at least 519.5 mm (with a maximum tail length of 95.1 mm, and a tail/total length ratio of 0.18 in females); 12) dorsum iridescent pale yellowish brown with a dark longitudinal mid-dorsal stripe. In terms of pairwise genetic distance (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, COI), the three new species differ by at least 12.7% from other members of the genus, including themselves. The total number of Achalinus known is increased to twelve and the number of Achalinus species known from Vietnam is increased from three to six. Currently ten species of xenodermatids are known to exist in Vietnam: Achalinus ater, A. emilyae, A. juliani, A. rufescens, A. spinalis, A. timi, Fimbrios klossi, F. smithi, Parafimbrios lao, and P. vietnamensis.
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Câmara, Antônio Carlos Lopes, Robério Gomes Olinda, Luciana Dalcin, Ivana Cristina Nunes Gadelha, Jael Soares Batista, and Benito Soto-Blanco. "Accumulative Copper Poisoning in Sheep in Northeastern Brazil." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 44, no. 1 (January 16, 2016): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.84521.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Despite the proven copper deficiency in several parts of Brazil, reports of acute and accumulative copper poisoning are increasing in ruminants. Sheep are known to be far more sensible to copper toxicity than cattle, but the sensibility of goats is not quite known. The present paper aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical, laboratorial and pathological findings of two outbreaks of accumulative copper poisoning in sheep fed poultry litter in Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil, and to compare these findings with national outbreaks.Cases: Two outbreaks of copper poisoning occurred in the municipalities of Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte [outbreak 1], and Icapuí, Ceará [outbreak 2], Brazil. A total of 35 sheep [outbreak 1] and 190 small ruminants (175 sheep and 15 goats) [outbreak 2] were fed poultry litter. First clinical signs of poisoning started after two months of litter consumption. Main clinical signs were apathy, jaundice, hepatomegaly, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and dark urine. Clinical evolution varied between one and eight days. Laboratorial findings in ill animals consisted of anemia, highly increased serum AST and GGT activities and urea and creatinine levels; whilst in the non symptomatic sheep and one goat revealed high and light GGT increase, respectively. Poultry litter analysis revealed levels of 449, 2610, 414 and 333 mg/kg of copper, iron, manganese and zinc, respectively. Analysis of copper levels by atomic absorption spectrometry in two sheep showed 730.1 and 1526.5 mg/kg in liver and 485.1 and 519.4 mg/kg in the kidneys. Treatment consisted of oral administration of 100 mg ammonium molibdate and 1 g sodium sulphate for five days. A total of 32 sheep died and necropsy of five animals showed deep jaundice, livers presenting a yellow to orange coloration, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, blackish kidneys and dark urine. The microscopic examination of liver and kidneys showed degenerative and necrotic lesions.Discussion: This is the first report of copper poisoning in sheep from Rio Grande do Norte and Ceará, Northeastern Brazil. Even though it is not allowed in Brazil, the use of poultry litter for animal feeding still occurs and represents a great risk for copper poisoning in ruminants, especially sheep. The use of poultry litter should be discouraged to producers for feeding ruminants and requires more awareness of them that the use of this product is prohibited for this purpose. Clinical signs were typical of accumulative copper poisoning and the most evident changes in the serum biochemistry analyses were anemia and increased serum AST and GGT activities and urea and creatinine levels. Serum activity of GGT in a non symptomatic goat was slight increased, which is suggestive of an initial liver damage promoted by copper accumulation. Main pathological changes are associated to liver and kidney damage. Measurement of copper levels in liver and kidney fragments by atomic absorption spectrometry confirmed the diagnosis of poisoning by this element. Oral administration of ammonium molibdate associated to sodium sulphate was efficient for the treatment of poisoned sheep because both compounds reduce digestive absorption and increase excretion of copper. The absence of poisoning in goats fed the same poultry litter confirms that this species is more resistant than sheep to copper toxicity. Nevertheless further research must be carried out to test this sensibility. The use of poultry litter should be discouraged to producers for feeding ruminants and requires more awareness of them that the use of this product is prohibited for this purpose.Keywords: jaundice, hemoglobinuric nephrosis, poultry litter, small ruminants.
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Scanu, A., F. Tirelli, A. Meneghel, R. Luisetto, C. Baggio, M. L. Cagnato, R. Ramonda, F. Oliviero, G. Martini, and F. Zulian. "POS0739 LEUCOCYTE ABNORMALITIES AND CYTOKINE LEVELS IN SYNOVIAL FLUID OF JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS PATIENTS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (May 30, 2023): 659.2–660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.4635.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
BackgroundJuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by joint inflammation and uveitis is the most frequent extra-articular manifestation [1,2]. Although several studies evaluated the differences between the different types of JIA, no specific markers have been identified which would allow early stratification of patients and predict the future disease course. Recently, it has been suggested that rheumatic diseases might be associated with genomic instability and increased sensitivity to DNA damage (3), but it has not yet determined in JIA.ObjectivesTo investigate cell populations, cytokine levels, and signs of genotoxicity in synovial fluid (SF) of patients with different JIA subtypes.MethodsSF was collected from the knees of 24 patients, untreated for at least 6 months prior to enrollment, and fulfilling ILAR criteria (4): 9 with polyarticular (poly)-JIA (age:6.56±4.67 years) and 15 with oligoarticular (oligo)-JIA (age:8.33±5.15 years). Six poly-JIA and 8 oligo-JIA patients were at disease onset. Among the oligo-JIA patients, 12 had positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA+) and 5 had uveitis.SF was examined under optical light microscopy. White cell count (WBC) and the polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) percentage were determined in SF according to standard procedures. May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining was used to determine the percentage of hypo- or hypersegmented PMN, binucleated monocytes, and cells with micronuclei (MN), pyknosis, necrosis, apoptosis and nuclear buds, which are considered biomarkers of genotoxic events. SF IL-1β and IL-8 levels were assayed by ELISA.ResultsWBC count and PMN percentage were higher in SF of patients with poly-JIA than in those with oligo-JIA, albeit not significantly. Comparison between the two groups at disease onset showed that WBC levels and PMN percentage were significantly greater in SF from poly-JIA (poly-JIA WBC:10500±4580.32 cells/mm3, PMN:59.83±13.75%; oligo-JIA WBC:4850±1050 cells/mm3, PMN:41.5±16%; p<0.05). IL-1β and IL-8 levels were higher in children with poly-JIA, but the difference reached statistical significance only for IL-8 in patients at disease onset (poli-JIA:1253.19±264.4 pg/ml; oligo-JIA:519.67±468.34 pg/ml; p<0.01). This group also showed a percentage of cells with MN significantly greater as compared to that in oligo-JIA (poli-JIA:7.1±2.42%; oligo-JIA:1.75±2.05%; p<0.001). Although SFs from oligo-JIA-ANA+ patients had higher WBC and PMN percentage than those from oligo-JIA-ANA-, no significant differences were observe between the 2 groups.SFs from oligo-JIA patients with uveitis showed higher but not significant IL-8 levels (554.06±520.26 pg/ml), significantly greater IL-1β concentrations (100.94±76.05 pg/ml; p<0.05) and percentage of cells with MN (5.73±3.06%; p<0.05), and significantly lower hypersegmented PMN percentage (11.06±8.45%; p<0.05) than those from oligo-JIA patients without uveitis (IL-8:280.88±310.11 pg/ml; IL-1β:6.04±15.4 pg/ml; cells with MN:1.96±2.36%; hypersegmented PMN:22.79±8.07%).There was no significant difference in the other studied parameters between the different patient groups.ConclusionThis study shows that poly-JIA SFs have higher inflammation marker levels than oligo-JIA SFs, and this is observed mostly at the disease onset. The presence of MN may be associated with SF genotoxic effects, and trigger the induction of inflammatory pathways that contribute to disease complications. As hypersegmented PMN suppress T cell proliferation, a low cell number with this phenotype may reflect a persisting antigenic stimulus.References[1]Ravelli A, et al. Lancet 2007;369:767– 78[2]Zulian F, et al. J Rheumatol 2002;29:2446-53[3]Souliotis VL, et al. Int J Mol Sci 2019;21:55[4]Petty RE, et al. J Rheumatol 2004;31:390-2Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
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Kuei, Nina, Niren Patel, Hongyan Xu, Leigh Wells, Latanya Bowman, Pritam Bora, Kavita Natrajan, and Abdullah Kutlar. "Characteristics and Potential Biomarkers for Chronic Pain in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.986.986.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Vaso-occlusive episodes (VOE) or pain crises are a hallmark of sickle cell disease (SCD), with increasing recognition that a significant portion of SCD patients develop chronic pain. In the landmark PiSCES study (Smith et al), patients reported pain on 55% days, with ~30% reporting pain on >90% days. Thus, the episodic, nociceptive pain (VOE) in younger patients, evolves into a chronic pain syndrome, with neuropathic and centralized components in some adults. Kutlar et al (Blood, 2014), reported on the association of different pain related phenotypes (pain diaries, frequency of hospitalizations/ED visits, pressure pain threshold) with polymorphisms in candidate genes in 167 SCD patients, providing evidence that multiple signaling pathways and mechanisms are likely involved. In this study, 12 SCD subjects with "chronic pain", defined by reported pain >50% of days in pain diaries collected over 6 months, were enrolled (SCD-CP). 17 SCD patients who did not have chronic pain (SCD-NCP), and 9 non-SCD African-Americans (C) were enrolled as controls. Informed consent was obtained. Age, gender, Hb F levels, HU usage, and pressure pain algometer readings were recorded from SCD subjects. 8 ml of blood (EDTA) was collected from subjects at "steady state" and from normal controls. Plasma was separated and kept at -80 C until the assay. Plasma tryptase and Substance P levels were assayed by ELISA using kits from Biomatik, Inc. (catalog # EKU07922) and Enzo Life Sciences (Catalog #ADI-900-018), respectively. SCD-CP patients were significantly older than SCD-NCP: mean age 41 vs 32.2 (p=0.033). The pressure pain algometer readings did not differ significantly between SCD-CP and SCD-NCP at three sites (trapezius, ulna, masseter, p= 0.67-0.74). There were 12/17 patients on HU (70.6%) among SCD-NCP, and 6/12 (50%) among SCD-CP (p=0.435). Similarly, Hb F levels were not significantly different (14.7% in SCD-CP, vs 11.7% in SCD-NCP, p=0.446). Opioid use (average morphine equivalent as mg/day) was significantly higher in the chronic pain group (11.45 mg/day, vs 2.92 mg/day, p=0.015). Plasma tryptase and substance-P levels are shown in the table: Table 1. Tryptase (pg/ml) Substance-P (pg/ml) SCD-CP 1388.6 ±519.8 7221.1±7742.7 SCD-NCP 1023.64±221.04 5983.1±3473.0 Control 768.9±416.16 3939.7±1350.1 The difference in substance-P levels did not reach significance across groups by ANOVA (p=0.337) or in pairwise comparison between groups. However, tryptase levels were significantly different across groups by ANOVA (p=0.00615). Pairwise comparisons between two groups showed that tryptase levels were significantly different between SCD-CP and controls (p=0.0053). These results highlight characteristics of SCD patients with chronic pain: they are older, have a higher use of opioids, and have significantly higher tryptase levels. These observations support previous findings that age is a significant factor in transition to chronic pain in SCD. Higher dose of opioid use in SCD-CP could result from dose escalation to control pain; conversely, it could be argued that higher opioid use itself could be a factor in development of chronic pain through opioid-induced hyperalgesia. To our knowledge, this is the first study of plasma tryptase levels in SCD, in relation to different pain phenotypes. Tryptase is released into plasma with degranulation of mast cells and leads to inflammation, anaphylaxis, urticaria, and neuropathic pain. It binds PAR2 (protease activated receptor 2), releasing inflammatory mediators and substance P, inducing neurogenic inflammation. Elevated tryptase levels are found in systemic mastocytosis, and the newly recognized Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS). Vincent et al (Blood, 2013) showed that mast cell activation played an important role in neurogenic inflammation and chronic pain in a mouse model of SCD. They also demonstrated that inhibition of mast cell activation, via c-kit knockout or with imatinib or cromolyn sodium improved neurogenic inflammation and chronic pain. Two recent case reports (Murphy et al, Stankovic et al) document significant improvement in pain in SCD patients who developed CML, during treatment with imatinib. These observations, and the findings of our pilot study, not only suggest a novel mechanism and biomarker for chronic pain in SCD, but also a potential therapeutic target by inhibition of mast cell activation via c-kit pathway, or stabilization with cromolyn. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Belobrovaya, Olga Ya, Victor V. Galushka, Victoria S. Ismailova, Valentina P. Polyanskaya, Vasiliy I. Sidorov, Denis V. Terin, and Anton A. Mashkov. "Effect of Small Doses of Gamma Radiation on the Optical Properties of Nanostructured Silicon Obtained by Metal-Stimulated Chemical Etching in situ." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New series. Series: Physics 20, no. 4 (2020): 288–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1817-3020-2020-20-4-288-298.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background and Objectives: Porous silicon nanowires (SiNP) obtained by the method of metal stimulated chemical etching (EE method) are of great interest. The physical properties of this material depend significantly on the morphology of the nanostructures and their sizes. Given in the literature data on the effect of small doses of ionizing radiation on metals and alloys and the effect of irradiation on the properties of porous silicon and SiNP, makes sense to modify not only the substrate, but also the SiNP layer during its formation by irradiation. A change in the morphology of the formed layers with increasing in situ irradiation within small doses can affect the properties of SiNP. In the literature known to us, this issue is not considered. This work presents studies of the total reflection, Raman scattering, and photoluminescence of SiNP upon irradiation with γ-rays directly in the production process (in situ). Materials and Methods: The formation of nanoporous silicon structures was performed on non-irradiated and irradiated with small doses of gamma-quanta substrates. The substrates were processed by the Saratov State University’s betatron electron brake accelerator at a maximum energy of Eymax ~ 25 MeV. The radiation dose was 30 and 40 kR. A layer of porous SiNP nanosilicon was formed on irradiated and non-irradiated substrates. Samples were obtained by water-based non-electric etching or metal-stimulated chemical etching. The method of chemical etching EE is based on the replacement of silicon when reducing Ag+ → Agо on the surface of the silicon substrate using Ag in an aqueous solution of AgNO3. Porous silicon structures were formed by a two-stage method on irradiated gamma-quanta and non-irradiated p-type silicon substrates with a resistivity of 4.5 Ω cm, oriented in the plane <111>. The substrate was lowered into an aqueous solution of 0.01 M AgNO3 and 5M HF for 60 s., then was etched in an aqueous solution of 5M HF, 0.5 M H2O2 for 20, 40 and 60 minutes, respectively. The studied nanoporous structures were obtained on irradiated and non-irradiated substrates without irradiation and when irradiated in situ with inhibitory gamma radiation of the medical linear electron accelerator Varian Unique of State Health Institution “Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary” at an electron energy of 6 MeV. After receiving the samples, they were purified in concentrated nitric acid for an hour. The structural properties of SiNP were studied using measurements on an analytical complex based on the Mira 2 LMU scanning electron microscope, as well as the DRON-4 diffractometer using an x-ray tube with a copper anode (Cu-Ka). Full reflection spectra in the range of 500–1100 nm were obtained using a LOMO SF-56 spectrophotometer equipped with a special integrating set-top box. Raman spectra were recorded using a Renishaw inVia spectrometer. Results: The samples under study are quasiordered ensembles of silicon nanowires oriented almost normal to the substrate. The thickness of the SiNP layer is of the order of 1–8 μm, depending on the preparation conditions, and the diameter of the nanowires was 30–400 nm. In all SiNP samples, a decrease in total reflection was observed in the wavelength range of 400–1000 nm as compared to a single-crystal substrate, which is associated with light scattering on an inhomogeneous structural surface. At the initial stage of the process, the defective state of the substrate was decisive; microstresses on the substrate disappear when it is irradiated. For SiNP samples, total reflection increased with increasing radiation dose over time (from 0 to 24 kR) due to improved surface quality, reduced scattering, and a change in layer thickness. In addition, in situ monitoring of SiNP samples indicates the influence of not only the radiation dose of the formed layer on the reflection value, but also the dose of preliminary irradiation of the substrate. Raman spectra were studied to determine the effect of gamma-irradiation on the properties of porous silicon – SiNP in situ. The intensity of the main peak of Raman scattering of SiNP samples obtained on non-irradiated and irradiated substrates is significantly higher compared to the intensity of the main peak characteristic of single-crystal silicon. Against the background of the high Raman signal, light scattering from particles with broken bonds does not appear and basically gives a maximum – a peak P1 of the order of 519.5 cm-1, slightly shifted to the low-frequency region relative to the maximum of peak P1 of a single-crystal silicon substrate 520 cm-1. An increase in the irradiation dose of the substrate leads to an increase in the intensity of the main Raman peak. Studies of Raman spectroscopy of nanostructured porous silicon-silver layers have revealed the effect of surface giant signal amplification (SERS). The maximum silver content is below the surface of the samples. The depth of the silver-enriched layer is about 250– 400 nm. The photoluminescence peak of SiNP samples formed on irradiated and non- irradiated substrates shifts to the shortwavelength region as the radiation dose increases. The shift is much more dependent on the dose of the substrate than on the irradiation of the layer. The calculated nanocrystallite size by λmax was about 2 nm. Conclusion: The results of an experimental study of the optical properties of porous Si structures obtained by metal-stimulated chemical etching when irradiated with small doses of gamma-quanta directly during in situ formation are presented. In situ monitoring of samples indicates the influence not only of the radiation dose of the resulting layer on the value of total reflection, but also the dose of pre-irradiation of the substrate. Studies of Raman spectroscopy of nanostructured layers of “porous silicon-silver” revealed the effect of surface giant signal amplification in samples. There is a shift in the wavelength of the maximum photoluminescence from 600 nm to 750 nm when the irradiation of the substrate changes from 0 to 40 kR at the same radiation dose of the layer.
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Rasonabe, Zinna Marie P., Charlene G. Tiausas, Jannelle D. Cruz, and Francheska Areza. "Chemical Composition, Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of Extracts and Fractions of Vitex negundo." Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, December 20, 2022, 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2022/v34i587259.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to determine chemical components and demonstrate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of Vitex negundo species native to the Philippines. Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), eleven compounds were tentatively identified from the iridoids, flavonoids, and phenolics group. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by measuring the inhibition of proinflammatory enzymes, lipoxygenase (LOX), and cyclooxygenase (COX-2). For LOX inhibitory effect, crude methanol extract has an IC50 value of 440.9 µg/mL. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) fractionation results in IC50 values of 196.6 µg/mL and 150.0 µg/mL for the 50% methanol-water and 100% methanol fractions, respectively. The IC50 value of crude hexane extract is 519.7 µg/mL. SPE produced lower IC50 values; 397.5 µg/mL for 2% IPA-hexane fraction and 142.9 µg/mL for 50% IPA-hexane fraction. The inhibition against COX-2 was effective in the 100% methanol fraction with an IC50 of 34.27 μg/mL and 2% IPA-hexane with an IC50 of 6.57 μg/mL. SPE fractions demonstrated more potent anti-inflammatory effects via in-vitro inhibition of LOX for the 100% methanol-water and 50% IPA-hexane or COX-2 for the 100% methanol and 2% IPA-hexane. The analgesic action was evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing in mice. The percentage inhibition of writhing at all dose levels of methanol and hexane extracts ranged from 90-96% (p<0.05). The SPE fractions from methanol extracts showed inhibition of 73-97% (p<0.05). Both extracts and fractions showed strong analgesic effects in an in-vivo animal model.
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Landing, Ed, Mark D. Schmitz, Gerd Geyer, Robin B. Trayler, and Samuel A. Bowring. "Precise early Cambrian U–Pb zircon dates bracket the oldest trilobites and archaeocyaths in Moroccan West Gondwana." Geological Magazine, June 15, 2020, 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756820000369.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract New U–Pb radioisotopic ages on early Cambrian volcanic zircons condition a high-resolution Bayesian age model that constrains the first occurrences and zonations of West Gondwanan archaeocyaths and trilobites in southern Morocco. The oldest archaeocyaths in the Tiout Member of the Igoudine Formation (519.71 + 0.26/− 0.35 Ma) are c. 6 Ma younger than the oldest Siberian archaeocyaths. The oldest Moroccan trilobite fragments, from the lower member of the Igoudine, are constrained to 519.95 + 0.43/− 0.40 Ma. The succeeding Issendalenian Stage (i.e. Hupetina antique – Eofallotaspis tioutensis – Fallotaspis plana – Choubertella – Daguinaspis trilobite zones) spans c. 1.5 Ma (519.78 + 0.26/− 0.37 Ma to 518.43 + 0.25/− 0.69 Ma). Identifiable Moroccan fallotaspidids and bigotinids, among Earth’s oldest trilobites, occur above a positive δ13C excursion dated with our age model at 520.27 + 0.59/− 0.57 Ma, and correlated with the IV excursion peak within the lower range of Siberian Atdabanian Stage trilobites (Repinaella Zone). This excursion is the best standard for a Cambrian Series 2 base. The oldest West Gondwana trilobite fragments are c. 1 Ma younger than those in Siberia and c. 0.5 Ma older than the oldest Avalonian trilobites (Callavia Zone). This diachrony means a trilobite first appearance datum is an inappropriate chronostratigraphic base for Cambrian Series 2. Taxonomic differences in the oldest trilobites between Cambrian palaeocontinents are in accordance with trace fossil evidence for the group’s appearance possibly as late as c. 530 Ma in the Cambrian Evolutionary Radiation. Coeval 519–517 Ma dates from Avalonia (cool-water siliciclastic shelf) and West Gondwana (tropical carbonate platform) sections with distinct macrofaunas emphasize these successions were latitudinally separate by the late Ediacaran Period.
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Yue, Xiaoping, Yitong Li, Lin Yang, Di Sang, Zedu Huang, and Fener Chen. "Sustainable Asymmetric Synthesis of Diltiazem Precursor Enabled by Recombinant Escherichia coli Whole Cells Co‐Expressing an Engineered Ketoreductase and Glucose Dehydrogenase." Biotechnology Journal, December 4, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biot.202300250.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractAs a key synthetic intermediate of the cardiovascular drug diltiazem, methyl (2R,3S)‐3‐(4‐methoxyphenyl) glycidate ((2R,3S)‐MPGM) (1) is accessible via the ring closure of chlorohydrin (3S)‐methyl 2‐chloro‐3‐hydroxy‐3‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)propanoate ((3S)‐2). We report the efficient reduction of methyl 2‐chloro‐3‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐3‐oxo‐propanoate (3) to (3S)‐2 using an engineered enzyme SSCRM2 possessing 4.5‐fold improved specific activity, which was obtained through the structure‐guided site‐saturation mutagenesis of the ketoreductase SSCR by reliving steric hindrance and undesired interactions. With the combined use of the co‐expression fine‐tuning strategy, a recombinant E. coli (pET28a‐RBS‐SSCRM2/pACYCDuet‐GDH), co‐expressing SSCRM2 and glucose dehydrogenase, was constructed and optimized for protein expression. After optimizing the reaction conditions, whole‐cell‐catalyzed complete reduction of industrially relevant 300 g/L of 3 was realized, affording (3S)‐2 with 99% ee and a space‐time yield of 519.1 g∙L−1∙d−1, representing the highest record for the biocatalytic synthesis of (3S)‐2 reported to date. The E‐factor of this biocatalytic synthesis was 24.5 (including water). Chiral alcohol (3S)‐2 generated in this atom‐economic synthesis was transformed to (2R,3S)‐MPGM in 95% yield with 99% ee.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
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Hamilton, Michael A., J. Javier Álvaro, Sandra M. Barr, Sören Jensen, Susan C. Johnson, Teodoro Palacios, Deanne van Rooyen, and Chris E. White. "U-Pb zircon ages from tuffaceous beds in the Terreneuvian to Cambrian Series 2 sections of Avalonian southern New Brunswick, Canada: New constraints on chronostratigraphic correlations and the Cambrian time scale." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 542, no. 1 (June 9, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp542-2022-11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Avalonian sections in the Saint John area, southern New Brunswick, have long contributed to global understanding of Cambrian chronostratigraphy. A tuffaceous bed in the Ratcliffe Brook Formation (RBF) in the Somerset Street section dated at ca. 531 Ma has traditionally been considered to postdate small shelly fossils attributed to the Watsonella crosbyi Zone in the Hanford Brook section. A fine-grained tuffaceous bed approximately 10 m stratigraphically lower in the Somerset Street section yields a CA-IDTIMS zircon age of 532.3 ± 0.3 Ma; a tuffaceous carbonate unit in the lower RBF in Hanford Brook gives an age of 531.5 ± 0.3 Ma. Crystal and crystal-lithic tuff beds near the top of the RBF yield ages of 520.3 ± 0.3 Ma (Hanford Brook) and 519.1 ± 0.3 Ma (Ratcliffe Brook). The new ages confirm the correlation between the Somerset Street and Hanford Brook sections based on acritarchs and make the association of small shelly fossils in the Hanford Brook section younger than 531 Ma. This result is relevant to ongoing discussions on the age of the base of undefined Cambrian Stage 2. The radiometric ages also support a young age for the upper part of the RBF, perhaps extending into Epoch 2.
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Ogunfolaji, Oloruntoba, Adrien Tangmi, Olaoluwa Ezekiel Dada, Lorraine Arabang Sebopelo, Dawin Sichimba, Olga M. Djoutsop, Hazem S. Ghaith, et al. "Profiling African Health Journals: A Bibliometric Study." International Journal of Public Health 67 (November 10, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2022.1604932.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objectives: This study aimed to map out African health journals using publicly-available information on major databases.Methods: The authors searched the African Journals Online Library (AJOL) and Scientific Journal Rankings (SJR) databases from their inception in 1998 and 1996 respectively to 17 October 2020, and identified African health journals. The authors extracted data on journal scope, PubMed indexation, open-access status, publishing fees, Journal Publishing Practices and Standards rating and bibliometrics. The data were compared with health journals from other regions using the Chi-square test and odds ratio.Results: AJOL had 173 health journals registered on its database. One hundred (57.8%) journals were actively publishing. Fifty-seven (32.9%) had a 1-star Journal Publishing Practices and Standards rating and 4 (2.3%) had 2-star ratings. 112 (64.7%) had no star rating. The journal scope spanned all aspects of health. Few health journals were PubMed (n = 20) or SJR (n = 22) indexed. On average, African journals had lower total publications (median [IQR]: 52.0 [29.0–74.8] vs. 140.0 [75.8–272.5]), total references (55.0 [19.5–74.8] vs. 160.0 [42.0–519.8]), and H-index (12.2 [5.0–14.0] vs. 39.1 [10.0–53.0]) (P=0.01) compared to other regions.Conclusion: African health journals face unique challenges that require targeted interventions.
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Gensberger-Reigl, Sabrina, Ingrid Weigel, Joachim Stützer, Andrea Auditore, Tim Nikolaus, and Monika Pischetsrieder. "Degradation and de novo formation of nine major glucose degradation products during storage of peritoneal dialysis fluids." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (March 11, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08123-1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractReactive glucose degradation products (GDPs) are formed during heat sterilization of glucose-containing peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDFs) and may induce adverse clinical effects. Long periods of storage and/or transport of PDFs before use may lead to de novo formation or degradation of GDPs. Therefore, the present study quantified the GDP profiles of single- and double-chamber PDFs during storage. Glucosone, 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), 3-deoxygalactosone (3-DGal), 3,4-dideoxyglucosone-3-ene (3,4-DGE), glyoxal, methylglyoxal (MGO), acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) were quantified by two validated UHPLC-DAD methods after derivatization with o-phenylenediamine (dicarbonyls) or 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (monocarbonyls). The PDFs were stored at 50 °C for 0, 1, 2, 4, 13, and 26 weeks. The total GDP concentration of single-chamber PDFs did not change considerably during storage (496.6 ± 16.0 µM, 0 weeks; 519.1 ± 13.1 µM, 26 weeks), but individual GDPs were affected differently. 3-DG (− 82.6 µM) and 3-DGal (− 71.3 µM) were degraded, whereas 5-HMF (+ 161.7 µM), glyoxal (+ 32.2 µM), and formaldehyde (+ 12.4 µM) accumulated between 0 and 26 weeks. Acetaldehyde, glucosone, MGO, and 3,4-DGE showed time-dependent formation and degradation. The GDP concentrations in double-chamber fluids were generally lower and differently affected by storage. In conclusion, the changes of GDP concentrations during storage should be considered for the evaluation of clinical effects of PDFs.
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Das Trisha, Aporajita, Jaasia Momtahena Hafsa, Akibul Hasan, Ahsan Habib, Humaira Rashid Tuba, Gisela H. Degen, and Nurshad Ali. "Occurrence of ochratoxin A in breast milk and urine samples of nursing mothers in Bangladesh." Mycotoxin Research, December 1, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12550-023-00510-5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) is a potent nephrotoxin with carcinogenic properties and, thus, of concern as a food contaminant. Since food contaminant data are scarce in Bangladesh, we applied human biomonitoring to gain more insights into OTA exposure in the country’s population. OTA concentrations in human milk and urine samples of nursing mothers were determined with the aim to assess also exposure to this mycotoxin in breastfed infants. Breastfeeding mothers (n = 74) from three districts of Bangladesh (Sylhet, Cumilla, and Mymensingh region) participated in this study. They provided demographic data, along with breast milk and urine samples. OTA levels were measured by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a detection limit of 60 ng/L for milk and 30 ng/L for urine.OTA was detected in 62.2% of all breast milk samples (mean 74.8 ± 49.0 ng/L, range < LOD–243.3 ng/L) and in 51.4% of all urine samples (mean 44.3 ± 63.5 ng/L, range < LOD–519.3 ng/L). The differences observed between regions for mean breast milk or for urinary OTA levels were relatively small. No significant correlation was observed between OTA levels in breast milk and food consumption patterns among nursing mothers. Regarding infant exposure, the estimated average daily intake of OTA for all was 15.0 ng/kg bw/day (range 4.5–45 ng/kg bw/day). In 34.5% of these infants, their estimated daily OTA intake exceeded a preliminary TDI value set by EFSA (17 ng/kg bw/day). The mean OTA intake was slightly higher (16.2 ± 7.8 ng/kg bw/day) in 1–2 months babies than in older infants (< 2 to 12 months), although the difference was not significant. Presence of OTA in most milk and urine samples of nursing mothers documents their widespread dietary mycotoxin exposure. Although based on a relatively small number of participants, the present analysis indicates non-negligible exposure of some nursed infants in Bangladesh. Therefore, further biomonitoring studies and investigations on major sources of OTA in food commodities are encouraged.
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Bathla, Girish, Sarv Priya, Neetu Soni, and Colin Derdeyn. "Abstract WP72: Low kV Computed Tomography Cerebral Angiogram Using Third-Generation Reconstruction Algorithm Provides Significantly Improved Image Quality With Lower Contrast and Radiation Exposure." Stroke 51, Suppl_1 (February 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/str.51.suppl_1.wp72.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction/Aim: We aimed to determine if CTA imaging using third generation reconstruction algorithm and lower contrast dose-low kVp technique (LD-CTA) was comparable to regular contrast dose CTA at 120 kVp using a sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction algorithm (ND-CTA). Methods: Retrospective imaging review of 100 consecutive patients (50 each in LD- and ND-CTA groups). Two readers independently assessed the subjective image quality across multiple vascular segments on a Likert-like scale. Contrast- and signal-to-noise ratios (CNR/ SNR) were compared for the mid-M1-MCA vessels bilaterally and the mid-basilar artery. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare subjective image quality. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated for the SNR/CNR values. Finally differences in contrast dose, CT-dose index (CTDI) and dose length product (DLP) were compared using Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Both observers showed excellent correlation in subjective image quality (mean percentage agreement of 95.2% (84-100%) for group-1 versus 89.2% (82%-98%) for group-2). The subjective scores were not statistically different in the anterior circulation but showed significantly better image quality for the basilar artery. LD-CTA group showed significantly better SNR and CNR (p < 0.0001) for both MCA vessels and the basilar artery. ICC showed moderate correlation (0.51-0.63) between the observers. Student paired t-test did not show any significant difference between the observers. LD-CTA group also used lower contrast (49 cc versus 103 cc in ND-CTA) and had lower radiation exposure (DLP/ CTDI for both groups 268.3/12.42 vs 519.5/ 25.15, both < 0.0001). Conclusion: Next-generation reconstruction algorithm and low-Kv scanning significantly improved image quality on cerebral CTA images despite lower contrast dose, and in addition, have lower radiation exposure.
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Xiang, Jiang, Bin Wang, Lai Min, Cheng Ye, and Xin Su. "Novel Insights of ANGPTL-3 on Modulating Cholesterol Efflux Capacity Induced by HDL Particle." Current Molecular Medicine 23 (April 18, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566524023666230418104400.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background:: Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL-3) modulates lipid metabolism and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), especially stable angina (SA), via suppressing lipoprotein lipase (LPL). However, whether there are other mechanisms is not elucidated yet. The current research explored the modulatory roles of ANGPTL-3 on high-density lipoprotein (HDL), which further affects atherosclerotic development. background: Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL-3) modulates lipid metabolism and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), especially stable angina (SA), via suppressing lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Whether there are other mechanisms are still not elucidated. Methods:: A total of 200 individuals were enrolled in the present study. Serum ANGPTL-3 levels were detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Cholesterol efflux capacity induced by HDL particles was detected through H3-cholesterol loading THP-1 cell. Results:: The serum ANGPTL-3 levels presented no significant discordance between the SA group and the non-SA group, whereas the serum ANGPTL-3 levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) group were significantly elevated compared with those in the non-T2DM group [428.3 (306.2 to 736.8) ng/ml vs. 298.2 (156.8 to 555.6) ng/ml, P <0.05]. Additionally, the serum ANGPTL-3 levels were elevated in patients with low TG levels compared to those in patients with high TG levels [519.9 (377.6 to 809.0) ng/ml vs. 438.7 (329.2 to 681.0) ng/ml, P <0.05]. By comparison, the individuals in the SA group and T2DM group presented decreased cholesterol efflux induced by HDL particles [SA: (12.21±2.11)% vs. (15.51±2.76)%, P <0.05; T2DM: (11.24±2.13)% vs. (14.65±3.27)%, P <0.05]. In addition, the serum concentrations of ANGPTL-3 were inversely associated with the cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL particles (r=-0.184, P <0.05). Through regression analysis, the serum concentrations of ANGPTL-3 were found to be an independent modulator of the cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL particles (standardized β=-0.172, P <0.05). Conclusion:: ANGPTL-3 exhibited a negative modulatory function on cholesterol efflux capacity induced by HDL particles. other: N/A
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A K LANGADI, R L CHOUDHARY, R S JAT, H V SINGH, M L DOTANIYA, M K MEENA, O P PREMI, and P K RAI. "Effect of super absorbent polymer on drought mitigation, and enhancing productivity and profitability of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)." Journal of Oilseeds Research 38, no. 2 (July 4, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.56739/jor.v38i2.137088.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Under the current scenario of increasing demand of edible oil and dwindling irrigation water supply, the development of drought mitigation strategies is the need of the hour to increase productivity and profitability of the Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the field efficacy of the superabsorbent polymer (SAP: Pusa hydrogel) and its application rates 0, 1.5, 2.5 and 5.0 kg/ha under moisture stress and normal moisture conditions in a factorial randomized complete block design and replicated thrice. The SCMR, dry matter accumulation, 1000-seed weight, oil and biological yields, economic indicators of the Indian mustard and also the soil available N, P and S contents were reduced (p = 0.05) under moisture stress regime, but improved considerably with the use of SAP. Across the moisture regimes, the maximum oil yield (1.12 t/ha), biological yield (9.24 t/ha), harvest index (29.12 %), gross returns (` 116140/ha), net returns (` 74790/ha), B: C ratio (1.81) and economic efficiency (` 519.4/ha/day) were recorded with SAP @ 5.0 kg/ha. SAP @ 2.5 to 5.0 kg/ha improved oil yield and net returns by 3 % (0.04 t//ha) and 2 % (` 1980/ha), respectively under normal moisture regime, while under moisture stress these parameters were increased by 13% (0.12 t/ha) and 14% (` 8280/ha), respectively. Further, under moisture stress, the maximum B:C ratio (1.66) was recorded with 5.0 kg SAP/ha, while it was the maximum(2.05) with 2.5 kg SAP/ha under the normal moisture regime. Across the moisture regimes, SAP @ 5.0 kg/ha, being on par with 2.5 kg SAP/ha improved the soil organic carbon, available N, P, K and S by 29.27, 13.61, 14.10, 11.95 and 25.01%, respectively over the control. Thus, 5.0 kg SAP/ha under moisture stress and 2.5 kgSAP/ha under normal moisture condition can be recommended for increasing yield, profit, savingwater and better soil health in Indian mustard.
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Amor-Salamanca, A., L. M. Garcia-Cruz, H. Rasoul, D. De Castro Campos, J. Limeres, J. R. Gimeno, J. M. Garcia-Pinilla, et al. "The role of TBX20 truncating variants in dilated and left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy." European Heart Journal 44, Supplement_2 (November 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehad655.1866.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background The genetic cause of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains unexplained in a considerable proportion of cases. TBX20, the T-Box transcription factor 20 gene, has been linked to cardiac septal defects. Although only a few case reports have described an association between TBX20 and DCM/left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC), there are no case-control studies available, and TBX20 is still considered a gene with limited evidence for these phenotypes. Objectives This study sought to investigate the relationship between truncating variants in TBX20 (TBX20tv) and the development of DCM and LVNC. Methods TBX20 was sequenced using massive parallel sequencing in 7,463 unrelated probands with DCM/LVNC and 22,773 probands with other diagnoses (e.g., hypertrophic or arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, channelopathies, or aortic diseases) as internal controls. It was tested for enrichment and cosegregation of TBX20tv in DCM/LVNC, and clinical characteristics and outcomes in carriers were analyzed. Results Twenty-four probands with 22 TBX20tv were identified. Variant frequencies were significantly higher in patients with DCM/LVNC (24/7,463; 0.29%) than in internal controls (2/22,773; 0.008%) or controls from the gnomAD database (4/124,098; 0.003%), with an OR of 70.18 (CI95%: 9.48 to 519.8; p <0.0001) and 95.61 (CI95%: 33.06-276.55; p <0.0001), respectively. Cosegregation was studied in 21 families, identifying 57 carriers, of whom 43 (75.4%) had cardiac involvement. A combined LODs score of 4.41 was obtained, which is indicative of very strong segregation. Regarding clinical characteristics, the mean age at diagnosis was 37 years old, and 50% of carriers were female. Forty-six percent developed left-ventricular dysfunction, which was moderate to severe in half of the cases. Three carriers received a heart transplant, and another carrier died due to heart failure. Congenital heart defects were present in 16 patients (28.1%). Valvular involvement was the most frequent congenital abnormality (5 cases had bicuspid aortic valve, and another 5 had mitral valve defects), followed by heart septal defects (3 atrial and 3 ventricular); coronary anomalies (2) and aortic coarctation (2) were also detected. In some patients, these defects presented as complex congenital heart disease. Conclusions TBX20tv are associated with the development of dilated and non-compaction cardiomyopathy, and the presence of congenital heart defects is also common. Although some carriers, particularly younger ones, may not present the phenotype, nearly half of them experience ventricular dysfunction, and significant cardiac events, such as cardiac death or transplantation, are not uncommon. Therefore, the TBX20 gene should be routinely included in genetic testing panels for DCM and LVNC.
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Ufnal, Marcin, Klaudia Maksymiuk, Mateusz Szudzik, and Dawid Chabowski. "Abstract P326: Trimethylamine, A Gut Bacteria Metabolite And Air Pollutant, Increases Blood Pressure, Proteinuria And Markers Of Kidney Damage In Rats." Hypertension 79, Suppl_1 (September 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hyp.79.suppl_1.p326.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) is a biomarker in cardiovascular and renal diseases. TMAO originates from the oxidation of trimethylamine (TMA), a product of gut microbiota and industry-derived pollutant, by flavin monooxygenases (FMOs). The effect of chronic exposure to TMA on cardiovascular and renal systems is undetermined. Metabolic, hemodynamic, echocardiographic, biochemical and histopathological evaluations were performed in male, 12-week-old rats receiving water (control group) or TMA (500 μM/day) in water for 18 weeks (each group: n=9). TMA and TMAO levels, the expression of FMOs and RAS genes were evaluated in various tissues. Data are expressed as the median (Q1; Q3) or mean ± SE. In comparison to controls, rats receiving TMA had significantly increased systolic blood pressure (mmHg; 151.2 ± 7.0 vs. 126.3 ± 3.8; P<0.05), urine protein to creatinine ratio [3.4 (3.3; 4.2) vs. 1.6 (1.5; 2.8); P<0.05], urine KIM-1 levels (pg/ml; 3 519.0 ± 301.6 vs. 2 338.3 ± 244.0; P<0.05), mild degeneration of renal bodies with glomerulosclerosis, and hypertrophy of the tunica media of arteries and arterioles. There was no significant difference between the groups in body weight, water-electrolyte balance and echocardiographic parameters and RAS expression. TMA group had marginally increased 24hr TMA urine excretion [μM; 5.0 (3.8; 5.5) vs. 0.3 (0.2; 0.4); P<0.01]. However, TMA serum level [μM/l; 0.32 (0.27; 0.64) vs. 0.04 (0.03; 0.04)], TMAO serum level [49.5 (45.8; 84.8) vs. 9.0 (6.5; 11.9)] and 24hr TMAO urine excretion [255.4 (237.2; 311.1) vs. 10.6 (10.3; 11.2); all P<0.001] were increased. TMA group had lower FMOs expression in the kidneys but significantly increased TMAO levels in the liver [μM/kg; 35.9 (29.3; 41.9) vs. 5.4 (4.2; 9.6)], renal cortex [189.7 (82.2; 204.5) vs. 14.5 (13.1; 21.9)], renal medulla [192.0 (74.0; 213.7) vs. 18.5 (14.4; 27.8)] and heart [96.3 (90.3; 112.4) vs. 3.2 (2.4; 5.8); all P<0.001]. In conclusion, chronic exposure to TMA increases blood pressure and increases markers of kidney damage including proteinuria and KIM-1. TMA is rapidly oxidized to TMAO in rats, which may limit toxic effects of TMA.