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Статті в журналах з теми "360° CzT SPECT camera"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 липня 2024

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1

Piatkova, Yuliya, Pierre Payoux, Caroline Boursier, Manon Bordonne, Veronique Roch, Pierre-Yves Marie, Gabriela Hossu, Laëtitia Imbert, and Antoine Verger. "Prospective Paired Comparison of 123I-FP-CIT SPECT Images Obtained With a 360°-CZT and a Conventional Camera." Clinical Nuclear Medicine 47, no. 1 (January 2022): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/rlu.0000000000003969.

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2

Bordonne, Manon, Pierre-Yves Marie, Laetitia Imbert, and Antoine Verger. "Brain perfusion SPECT acquired using a dedicated brain configuration on a 360° whole-body CZT-camera." Journal of Neuroradiology 47, no. 2 (March 2020): 180–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurad.2019.11.002.

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3

Chevalier, Elodie, Caroline Boursier, Marine Claudin, Pierre-Yves Marie, and Laetitia Imbert. "Feasibility of 177Lu Therapy Monitoring Using Fast Whole-Body SPECT Recordings Provided by a High-Speed 360° CZT Camera." Clinical Nuclear Medicine 45, no. 11 (June 26, 2020): e493-e494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/rlu.0000000000003169.

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4

Melki, Saifeddine, Mohammad Bilal Chawki, Pierre-Yves Marie, Laetitia Imbert, and Antoine Verger. "Augmented planar bone scintigraphy obtained from a whole-body SPECT recording of less than 20 min with a high-sensitivity 360° CZT camera." European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 47, no. 5 (October 12, 2019): 1329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-019-04525-y.

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5

Cantoni, Valeria, Roberta Green, Carlo Ricciardi, Roberta Assante, Leandro Donisi, Emilia Zampella, Giuseppe Cesarelli, et al. "Comparing the Prognostic Value of Stress Myocardial Perfusion Imaging by Conventional and Cadmium-Zinc Telluride Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography through a Machine Learning Approach." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2021 (October 16, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5288844.

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Анотація:

We compared the prognostic value of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) by conventional- (C-) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and cadmium-zinc-telluride- (CZT-) SPECT in a cohort of patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease (CAD) using machine learning (ML) algorithms. A total of 453 consecutive patients underwent stress MPI by both C-SPECT and CZT-SPECT. The outcome was a composite end point of all-cause death, cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or coronary revascularization procedures whichever occurred first. ML analysis performed through the implementation of random forest (RF) and k -nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithms proved that CZT-SPECT has greater accuracy than C-SPECT in detecting CAD. For both algorithms, the sensitivity of CZT-SPECT (96% for RF and 60% for KNN) was greater than that of C-SPECT (88% for RF and 53% for KNN). A preliminary univariate analysis was performed through Mann-Whitney tests separately on the features of each camera in order to understand which ones could distinguish patients who will experience an adverse event from those who will not. Then, a machine learning analysis was performed by using Matlab (v. 2019b). Tree, KNN, support vector machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes, and RF were implemented twice: first, the analysis was performed on the as-is dataset; then, since the dataset was imbalanced (patients experiencing an adverse event were lower than the others), the analysis was performed again after balancing the classes through the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique. According to KNN and SVM with and without balancing the classes, the accuracy ( p value = 0.02 and p value = 0.01) and recall ( p value = 0.001 and p value = 0.03) of the CZT-SPECT were greater than those obtained by C-SPECT in a statistically significant way. ML approach showed that although the prognostic value of stress MPI by C-SPECT and CZT-SPECT is comparable, CZT-SPECT seems to have higher accuracy and recall.

6

Bouchareb, Yassine, Afrah AlSaadi, Jawa Zabah, Anjali Jain, Aziza Al-Jabri, Peter Phiri, Jian Qing Shi, Gayathri Delanerolle, and Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagandla. "Technological Advances in SPECT and SPECT/CT Imaging." Diagnostics 14, no. 13 (July 4, 2024): 1431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14131431.

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Single photon emission tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) is a mature imaging technology with a dynamic role in the diagnosis and monitoring of a wide array of diseases. This paper reviews the technological advances, clinical impact, and future directions of SPECT and SPECT/CT imaging. The focus of this review is on signal amplifier devices, detector materials, camera head and collimator designs, image reconstruction techniques, and quantitative methods. Bulky photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are being replaced by position-sensitive PMTs (PSPMTs), avalanche photodiodes (APDs), and silicon PMs to achieve higher detection efficiency and improved energy resolution and spatial resolution. Most recently, new SPECT cameras have been designed for cardiac imaging. The new design involves using specialised collimators in conjunction with conventional sodium iodide detectors (NaI(Tl)) or an L-shaped camera head, which utilises semiconductor detector materials such as CdZnTe (CZT: cadmium–zinc–telluride). The clinical benefits of the new design include shorter scanning times, improved image quality, enhanced patient comfort, reduced claustrophobic effects, and decreased overall size, particularly in specialised clinical centres. These noticeable improvements are also attributed to the implementation of resolution-recovery iterative reconstructions. Immense efforts have been made to establish SPECT and SPECT/CT imaging as quantitative tools by incorporating camera-specific modelling. Moreover, this review includes clinical examples in oncology, neurology, cardiology, musculoskeletal, and infection, demonstrating the impact of these advancements on clinical practice in radiology and molecular imaging departments.

7

Weng, Fenghua, Srijeeta Bagchi, Yunlong Zan, Qiu Huang, and Youngho Seo. "An energy-optimized collimator design for a CZT-based SPECT camera." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 806 (January 2016): 330–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.09.115.

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8

Duvall, W. Lane, Lori B. Croft, Tapan Godiwala, Eric Ginsberg, Titus George, and Milena J. Henzlova. "Reduced isotope dose with rapid SPECT MPI imaging: Initial experience with a CZT SPECT camera." Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 17, no. 6 (November 12, 2010): 1009–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12350-010-9215-5.

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9

Yoo, Ik Dong, In Young Jo, Geum Cheol Jeong, Yong Kyun Won, Du Shin Jeong, and Sang Mi Lee. "Quantitative Scintigraphy Imaging of Lingual Raynaud’s Phenomenon Using 3-Dimensional-Ring Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography." Tomography 8, no. 4 (August 17, 2022): 2042–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tomography8040171.

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Perfusion scintigraphy with the acquisition of planar blood flow and pool images of bilateral hands has been used to aid diagnosis and to evaluate treatment response to Raynaud’s phenomenon (decreased blood flow to hand or foot). However, because of the difficulty in imaging the tongue area with a conventional gamma camera, perfusion scintigraphy imaging of patients with lingual Raynaud’s phenomenon has yet to be reported. Here, we report the case of a 59-year-old man with lingual Raynaud’s phenomenon in which blood pool imaging of the tongue was performed using three-dimensional (3D)-ring cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT). During follow-up, the patient’s lingual symptoms had worsened, and follow-up blood pool SPECT/CT images also revealed decreased blood pool uptake of the tongue, showing a decreased blood pool of more than 25% on quantitative analysis. This case suggests that blood pool imaging of the tongue using 3D-ring CZT SPECT/CT has clinical significance in evaluating patients with lingual Raynaud’s phenomenon.

10

Duvall, W. Lane, Lori B. Croft, Eric S. Ginsberg, Andrew J. Einstein, Krista A. Guma, Titus George, and Milena J. Henzlova. "Reduced isotope dose and imaging time with a high-efficiency CZT SPECT camera." Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 18, no. 5 (April 29, 2011): 847–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12350-011-9379-7.

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11

Hindorf, Cecilia, Jenny Oddstig, Fredrik Hedeer, Magnus J. Hansson, Jonas Jögi, and Henrik Engblom. "Importance of correct patient positioning in myocardial perfusion SPECT when using a CZT camera." Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 21, no. 4 (May 8, 2014): 695–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12350-014-9897-1.

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12

Boutaghane, Nasreddine, Michel Hesse, Boualem Bouzid, Habib Zaidi, François Jamar, and Stephan Walrand. "Dual-layer collimator for improved spatial resolution in SPECT with CZT camera: an analytical and Monte Carlo study." Physics in Medicine & Biology 67, no. 6 (March 11, 2022): 065006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ac5671.

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Abstract Purpose. Current hole matching pixel detector (HMPD) collimators for SPECT imaging exist in two configurations: one hole per pixel (1HMPD) or four holes per pixel (4HMPD). The aim of this study was to assess the performance of a dual-layer collimator made by stacking up these two collimator types (1H/4HMDP) for low- and medium energy gamma emitters. Method. Analytical equations describing geometrical efficiency and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the 1H/4HMDP collimator were derived. In addition, a fast dedicated Monte Carlo (MC) code neglecting scattering and designed for the collimator geometry was developed to assess the collimator’s point spread function and to simulate planar and SPECT acquisitions. Results. A relative agreement between analytical equations and MC simulations better than 3% was observed for the efficiency and for the FWHM. The length of the two layers was optimized to get the best spatial resolution while keeping the geometrical efficiency equal to that of the 45 mm length 1HMPD collimator. An optimized combination of the 1H/4HMPD configuration with respective hole lengths of 20 and 13 mm has been derived. For source-collimator distances above 5 cm and equal collimator geometrical efficiency, the spatial resolution of this optimal 1H/4HMDP collimator supersedes that of the 45 mm length 1HMPD collimator, and that of the 19.1 mm length 4HMPD collimator. This improvement was observed in simulations of bar phantom planar images and of hot rods phantom SPECT. Remarkably, the spatial resolution was preserved along the whole radial range within the Jaszczak phantom. Conclusion. The 1H/4HMDP collimator is a promising solution for CZT SPECT imaging of low- and medium energy emitters.

13

Lima, Ronaldo, Thais Peclat, Thalita Soares, Caio Ferreira, Ana Carolina Souza, and Gabriel Camargo. "Comparison of the prognostic value of myocardial perfusion imaging using a CZT-SPECT camera with a conventional anger camera." Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 24, no. 1 (August 10, 2016): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12350-016-0618-9.

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14

Lima, Ronaldo S. L., Thaís R. Peclat, Ana Carolina A. H. Souza, Aline M. K. Nakamoto, Felipe M. Neves, Victor F. Souza, Letícia B. Glerian, and Andrea De Lorenzo. "Prognostic value of a faster, low-radiation myocardial perfusion SPECT protocol in a CZT camera." International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging 33, no. 12 (June 29, 2017): 2049–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10554-017-1202-3.

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15

Hansen, Maria Normand, Christian Haarmark, Bent Kristensen, and Bo Zerahn. "An Algorithm for Individual Dosage in Cadmium–Zinc–Telluride SPECT-Gated Radionuclide Angiography." Diagnostics 11, no. 12 (December 4, 2021): 2268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11122268.

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The aim of the present study was to test an individualised dose without compromising the ease of analysing data when performing equilibrium radionuclide angiography (ERNA) using cadmium–zinc–telluride (CZT) SPECT. From March 2018 to January 2019, 1650 patients referred for ERNA received either an individualised dose of 99mTc-labeled human serum albumin (HSA) according to their age, sex, height, and weight (n = 1567), or a standard dose of 550 MBq (n = 83). The target count rate (CRT) was reduced every two months from 2.7 to 1.0 kcps. A final test with a CRT of 1.7 kcps was run for three months to test whether an agreement within 2% points for the determination of LVEF, on the basis of only two analyses, was obtainable in at least 95% of acquisitions. All the included ERNAs were performed on a dedicated cardiac CZT SPECT camera. When using the algorithm for an individualised dose, we found that agreement between the measured and predicted count rate was 80%. With a CRT of 1.7 kcps, the need for more than two analyses to obtain sufficient agreement for LVEF was 4.9%. Furthermore, this resulted in a mean dose reduction from 550 to 258 MBq. Patients’ weight, height, sex, and age can, therefore, be used for individualising a tracer dose while reducing the mean dose.

16

Legallois, Damien, Laure Champ-Rigot, Benjamin Houdu, Denis Agostini, and Alain Manrique. "Ventricular arrhythmia originating from scar border tissue during dobutamine myocardial perfusion gated SPECT on CZT camera." Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 23, no. 4 (December 3, 2015): 854–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12350-015-0356-4.

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17

Doyeux, K., E. Cassol, and L. Imbert. "51 Multicentric performance assessment of VERITONTM 360° CZT-camera compared to conventional Anger-cameras: a phantom study." Physica Medica 68 (December 2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2019.09.132.

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18

Verger, Antoine, Laetitia Imbert, Yalcine Yagdigul, Renaud Fay, Wassila Djaballah, François Rouzet, Nicolas Fourquet, et al. "Factors affecting the myocardial activity acquired during exercise SPECT with a high-sensitivity cardiac CZT camera as compared with conventional Anger camera." European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 41, no. 3 (November 8, 2013): 522–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-013-2617-2.

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19

Ben Bouallègue, Fayçal, Catherine Nganoa, Jonathan Vigne, Denis Agostini, and Alain Manrique. "Comparative Performances of Dipyridamole and Regadenoson to Detect Myocardial Ischemia using Cardiac Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride Single-Photon Emission Computerized Tomography." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 8 (November 15, 2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcis.jcis_71_17.

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Objective: We evaluated the relative performances of dipyridamole (Dip) and regadenoson (Reg) in a cohort of patients referred for coronary artery disease diagnosis or follow-up using myocardial perfusion imaging. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively included 515 consecutive patients referred for 99mTc-sestamibi myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) on a cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) camera after pharmacologic stress. About three quarters (n = 391, 76%) received Dip. Reg was administrated to patients with chronical respiratory disease or with body mass index (BMI) over 38 kg/m2 (n = 124, 24%). Patients with an abnormal stress scan (92%) underwent a rest imaging on the same day. Qualitative interpretation of perfusion images was achieved using QPS software, and the ischemic area was assessed using the 17-segment model. In patients undergoing a stress-rest protocol, perfusion polar plots were postprocessed using automated in-house software to quantify the extension, intensity, and location of the reversible perfusion defect. Statistical comparison between groups was performed using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Qualitative analysis concluded to myocardial ischemia in 70% of the patients (69% in the Dip group, 76% in the Reg group, P = ns). In those patients, the number of involved segments (Dip 2.5 ± 1.6, Reg 2.7 ± 1.6, P = ns) and the proportion of patients with an ischemic area larger than two segments (Dip 30%, Reg 37%, P = ns) were comparable. Automated quantification of the reversible perfusion defect demonstrated similar defect extension, intensity, and severity in the two groups. Defect location was identical at the myocardial segment and vascular territory scales. Conclusions: Reg and Dip showed equal performances for ischemic burden characterization using myocardial CZT SPECT.

20

Zeng, Gengsheng L., and Daniel Gagnon. "Image reconstruction algorithm for a spinning strip CZT SPECT camera with a parallel slat collimator and small pixels." Medical Physics 31, no. 12 (November 23, 2004): 3461–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.1813873.

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21

van Dijk, Joris D., Jorn A. van Dalen, Mohamed Mouden, Jan Paul Ottervanger, Siert Knollema, Cornelis H. Slump, and Pieter L. Jager. "Value of automatic patient motion detection and correction in myocardial perfusion imaging using a CZT-based SPECT camera." Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 25, no. 2 (July 12, 2016): 419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12350-016-0571-7.

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22

Jurczak, J., L. Imbert, G. Karcher, and P. Y. Marie. "P2. Impact of the modelling of charge collection on the simulation of SPECT recordings from CZT semiconductors camera." Physica Medica 32 (December 2016): 367–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.11.014.

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23

Bice, Alden N., Malte Clausen, Srecko Loncaric, and Henry N. Wagner. "Comparison of transaxial resolution in 180° and 360° SPECT with a rotating scintillation camera." European Journal of Nuclear Medicine 13, no. 1 (April 1987): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00252638.

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24

Luo, J., N. Deitz, D. Pantelic, D. Cowling, and S. Jang. "SU-E-I-179: Evaluation of a SPECT Camera with CZT Detectors and Multipinhole Collimator for Nuclear Cardiology Imaging." Medical Physics 38, no. 6Part6 (June 2011): 3437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3611753.

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25

Mouden, Mohamed, Jorik R. Timmer, Jan Paul Ottervanger, Stoffer Reiffers, Ad H. J. Oostdijk, Siert Knollema, and Pieter L. Jager. "Impact of a new ultrafast CZT SPECT camera for myocardial perfusion imaging: fewer equivocal results and lower radiation dose." European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 39, no. 6 (March 17, 2012): 1048–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-012-2086-z.

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26

Cichocki, Paweł, Michał Błaszczyk, Kamila Cygulska, Krzysztof Filipczak, Zbigniew Adamczewski, Jacek Kuśmierek, Piotr Lipiec, Jarosław Damian Kasprzak, and Anna Płachcińska. "Inter- and Intraobserver Repeatability of Myocardial Flow Reserve Values Determined with SPECT Study Using a Discovery NM530c Camera and Corridor 4DM Software." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 11 (November 9, 2021): 1164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11111164.

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Background: Myocardial blood flow (MBF) and flow reserve (MFR) examination, especially useful in the diagnosis of multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD), can be assessed with a cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) SPECT gamma camera, as an alternative to the expensive and less available PET. However, study processing is not free from subjective factors. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate intra- and interobserver repeatability of MBF and MFR values obtained by the same operator and two independent operators. Methods: This study included 57 adult patients. MBF and MFR were assessed using a Discovery NM530c camera in a two-day, rest/dipyridamople protocol, using 99mTc-MIBI. Data were processed using Corridor4DM software, twice by one operator and once by another operator. Results: The repeatability of the assessed values was quite good in the whole myocardium, LAD and LCX vascular territories, but was poor in the RCA territory. Conclusions: The poor repeatability of MBF and MFR in RCA vascular territory can be explained by poor automatic orientation of the heart axis during post-processing and a so-called “cardiac creep” phenomenon. Better automatic heart orientation and introduction of automatic motion correction is likely to drastically improve this repeatability. In the present state of the software, PET is better for patients requiring assessment of MFR in the RCA territory.

27

Franc, Benjamin L., Yonggang Cui, Seth A. Rosenthal, Tammie Johnston, Uday Poonamallee, Jason B. Wiesner, Kristen MN Vandewalker, Youngho Seo, Terrance Lall, and Ralph James. "Improved techniques to localize foci of carcinoma within the prostate using high-resolution transrectal gamma imaging (TRGI) of monoclonal antibody directed at prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): e21026-e21026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e21026.

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e21026 Background: As many as 40% of prostate cancers may be missed on biopsy, necessitating novel methods for biopsy guidance. There is also interest in mapping primary prostate cancers for treatment. The presented work evaluated the ability of a transrectal gamma-imaging (TRGI) device to detect and localize a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) - specific radiopharmaceutical in the prostate. Methods: The IRB approved this exploratory proof-of-concept study. Male patients with untreated, biopsy-proven prostatic adenocarcinoma received 5±0.5 mCi In-111 capromab pendetide (Prostascint, a PSMA-specific agent) i.v. and were imaged 4 days later using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT-CT). A commercially available cadmium zinc telluride (CZT)-based endorectal gamma camera (ProxiScanTM, Hybridyne Imaging Technologies, Inc.) determined the radiopharmaceutical’s planar distribution (1.5x4 cm FOV; 5 min acquisition) in four prostatic quadrants. Safety assessments occurred day 1 and 7. MRI was acquired within 14 days. Pathology from TRUS biopsy or following prostatectomy identified prostatic quadrants containing adenocarcinoma. Results: Of 8 patients recruited, 6 completed imaging, all without adverse event. Subsequent treatment included prostatectomy (n=3) and radiation (n=3). Twenty-three prostatic quadrants were evaluated. In detecting a cancer-containing quadrant, TRGI, SPECT, and MRI had sensitivities of 100%, 75%, and 33%, respectively, and similar accuracy (61-70%). Target-to-background signal ratio of TRGI was independent of serum PSA level and not significantly different than SPECT. TRGI identified a greater number of foci in each quadrant when compared with SPECT (p<0.001). Lesion sizes on TRGI were smaller (p=0.04) and correlated with cancer size on pathology in patients treated surgically (r=0.69), identifying tracer uptake associated with tumors ≥ 5 mm. Conclusions: TRGI provides improved localization of prostate carcinoma compared with conventional SPECT with potential implications for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.

28

Esteves, Fabio P., James R. Galt, Russell D. Folks, Liudmila Verdes, and Ernest V. Garcia. "Diagnostic performance of low-dose rest/stress Tc-99m tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion SPECT using the 530c CZT camera: Quantitative vs visual analysis." Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 21, no. 1 (November 28, 2013): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12350-013-9827-7.

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29

Wells, RG, K. Vanderwerf, I. Ali, and TD Ruddy. "Poster - Thur Eve - 02: Evaluation of Cross-Talk for Dual-Isotope Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Using a New Dedicated Cardiac CZT SPECT Camera." Medical Physics 37, no. 7Part1 (July 2010): 3886. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3476107.

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30

Morelle, Maxime, Dimitri Bellevre, Claude Hossein-Foucher, Alain Manrique, and Alban Bailliez. "First comparison of performances between the new whole-body cadmium–zinc–telluride SPECT-CT camera and a dedicated cardiac CZT camera for myocardial perfusion imaging: Analysis of phantom and patients." Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 27, no. 4 (April 8, 2019): 1261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12350-019-01702-2.

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31

Giorgetti, Assuero, Pier Giorgio Masci, Gavino Marras, Yasmine K. Rustamova, Alessia Gimelli, Dario Genovesi, Massimo Lombardi, and Paolo Marzullo. "Gated SPECT evaluation of left ventricular function using a CZT camera and a fast low-dose clinical protocol: comparison to cardiac magnetic resonance imaging." European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 40, no. 12 (July 25, 2013): 1869–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-013-2505-9.

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McDonald, Matthew, Robert Cooper, and Michael Y. Wang. "Use of computed tomography–single-photon emission computed tomography fusion for diagnosing painful facet arthropathy." Neurosurgical Focus 22, no. 1 (January 2007): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.2007.22.1.2.

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✓Facet disease is believed to play a major role in axial low-back pain and may prove in the future to be an important indication for posterior dynamic stabilization. However, the lack of good diagnostic tests and imaging methods for identifying this condition have made this entity obscure. Although single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging is a highly sensitive and specific test, the images frequently lack adequate resolution, whereas computed tomography (CT) provides excellent resolution but lacks specificity. Thirty-seven patients with back pain clinically attributable to facet disease underwent CT–SPECT fusion imaging of the lumbar spine. The SPECT images were obtained using a dual-head gamma camera equipped with VXGP high-resolution collimators using a 20% energy window centered at 140 keV and a 360° rotation totaling 128 projections at 16 seconds each. Transaxial CT images were transferred in the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine format to provide proper image overlay in the axial, sagittal, and coronal planes. Scanning for both modalities was performed using standard patient positioning. Patients with concordant images and symptoms then underwent joint injection and/or rhizotomy, which was performed by an independent physician. Image fusion was successfully performed in all patients, and the image quality allowed definitive localization of the “hot” lesion in all cases, in contrast to conventional high-resolution SPECT scanning, which often led to problems differentiating L4/5 and L5/S1. In patients with solitary lesions, injection led to definitive pain resolution, even if temporary, in all cases with anesthetic blockade. The CT–SPECT scanning modality combines the virtues of functional and anatomical imaging, aiding the clinician in making the diagnosis of painful facet arthropathy. This modality may prove useful for the selection of patients who are candidates for posterior dynamic stabilization.

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Legagneur, Corinne, Loïc Djaileb, Caroline Sagnes, Alex Calizzano, Estelle Vautrin, Jean-Louis Quesada, Alexis Broisat, et al. "0005 : Prognostic value of myocardial perfusion SPECT without significant perfusion defect using a dual isotope protocol and a novel CZT camera: interim results of the PROMHETE study." Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 8, no. 3 (April 2016): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1878-6480(16)30499-2.

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Bailliez, Alban, Tanguy Blaire, Frédéric Mouquet, R. Legghe, B. Etienne, Damien Legallois, Denis Agostini, and Alain Manrique. "Segmental and global left ventricular function assessment using gated SPECT with a semiconductor Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) camera: Phantom study and clinical validation vs cardiac magnetic resonance." Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 21, no. 4 (May 9, 2014): 712–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12350-014-9899-z.

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Sharir, Tali, Marina Pinskiy, Abraham Pardes, Arik Rochman, Vitali Prokhorov, Gil Kovalski, Konstantine Merzon, Andrzej Bojko, and Boris Brodkin. "Comparison of the diagnostic accuracies of very low stress-dose with standard-dose myocardial perfusion imaging: Automated quantification of one-day, stress-first SPECT using a CZT camera." Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 23, no. 1 (May 27, 2015): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12350-015-0130-7.

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Hyafil, Fabien, Renata Chequer, Emmanuel Sorbets, Candice Estellat, Gregory Ducrocq, François Rouzet, Toni Alfaiate, et al. "Head-to-head comparison of the diagnostic performances of Rubidium-PET and SPECT with CZT camera for the detection of myocardial ischemia in a population of women and overweight individuals." Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 27, no. 3 (December 20, 2018): 755–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12350-018-01557-z.

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Yamamoto, Atsushi, Michinobu Nagao, Kiyoe Ando, Risako Nakao, Yuka Matsuo, Akiko Sakai, Mitsuru Momose, Koichiro Kaneko, Nobuhisa Hagiwara, and Shuji Sakai. "First Validation of Myocardial Flow Reserve Derived from Dynamic <sup>99m</sup>Tc-Sestamibi CZT-SPECT Camera Compared with <sup>13</sup>N-Ammonia PET." International Heart Journal 63, no. 2 (March 30, 2022): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1536/ihj.21-487.

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Stokes, A., and A. J. Britten. "P36 A REMINDER FOR DUAL-HEADED GAMMA CAMERA USERS: USE FULL 360?? GANTRY ROTATION IN SPECT TO REDUCE ARTIFACTS DUE TO PATIENT MOTION OR CHANGE IN ACTIVITY DISTRIBUTION." Nuclear Medicine Communications 26, no. 3 (March 2005): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006231-200503000-00109.

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D’estanque, Emmanuel, Christophe Hedon, Benoît Lattuca, Aurélie Bourdon, Meriem Benkiran, Aurélie Verd, François Roubille, and Denis Mariano-Goulart. "Optimization of a simultaneous dual-isotope 201Tl/123I-MIBG myocardial SPECT imaging protocol with a CZT camera for trigger zone assessment after myocardial infarction for routine clinical settings: Are delayed acquisition and scatter correction necessary?" Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 24, no. 4 (May 25, 2016): 1361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12350-016-0524-1.

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Agostini, Denis, Vincent Roule, Catherine Nganoa, Nathaniel Roth, Raphael Baavour, Jean-Jacques Parienti, Farzin Beygui, and Alain Manrique. "First validation of myocardial flow reserve assessed by dynamic 99mTc-sestamibi CZT-SPECT camera: head to head comparison with 15O-water PET and fractional flow reserve in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. The WATERDAY study." European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 45, no. 7 (March 1, 2018): 1079–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-018-3958-7.

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Presley, Jennifer. "Innovative Thinking Drives Emissions Mitigation." Journal of Petroleum Technology 75, no. 08 (August 1, 2023): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0823-0016-jpt.

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_ The oil and gas industry walks a fine line between providing the energy supplies demanded by a growing global population and addressing the challenge of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, mainly methane. While the industry has made gains in many areas, critics have flagged concerns that the current pace of emissions mitigation needs to be faster and called for acceleration of the process. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), methane is responsible for approximately 30% of the rise in global temperatures since the Industrial Revolution, making it the second-largest contributor to climate change behind carbon dioxide. Methane is released during oil and gas production processes, and the industry accounts for about a quarter of the global anthropogenic methane emitted into the atmosphere. With increasing recognition of their negative environmental impacts, these emissions are now under greater scrutiny by governments worldwide as they strive toward cleaner power generation sources. As a result, energy companies continue to find ways to effectively manage and reduce their methane emissions to remain compliant with new regulations. According to nonprofit organizations Clean Air Task Force and Ceres, industry efforts are delivering results. An analysis assessed the production-based emissions of more than 300 US producers, finding that the methane emissions intensity of natural gas production and the greenhouse-gas emissions intensity of oil and gas production vary dramatically across companies. The intensity of methane and greenhouse-gas emissions from the oil and gas sector declined 28% and 30%, respectively, between 2019 and 2021 among the largest producers in the country, the report said. However, according to the IEA, overall progress could have been faster. In a special report, the agency looked at the investment required to deliver a sharp reduction in emissions by 2030, finding that if the industry spent $75 billion—about 2% of its 2022 net income—to curb methane emissions through 2030, it would keep the sector on a pathway to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. The agency also reported that methane abatement is one of the most cost-effective measures to cut emissions and would generate about $45 billion from the sale of captured methane (Fig. 1). Leak Detection Comparisons Promising advances in technology have improved methane measurement and leak detection. Traditionally a laborious and error-prone task, leak-detection technologies are undergoing a revolution. Drone technology, satellite surveillance, and infrared cameras are emerging as powerful tools in the industry’s arsenal to pinpoint leaks and fix them swiftly. Companies like Shell and BP have committed to routine checks via drones and cameras to spot leaks more accurately and promptly. By employing these technologies, the industry can reduce its environmental footprint and save valuable natural resources, transforming “waste” methane into a valuable energy source. ExxonMobil deployed new technology to expand measurement and mitigation of methane emissions and reduced methane emissions intensity from operated assets by more than 40% as of year-end 2021 vs. 2016 levels in line with greenhouse gas emission reduction plans. In its 2023 Advancing Climate Solutions Progress Report, the supermajor also said that it increased the amount it intends to invest through 2027 on lower-emission initiatives to approximately $17 billion, up by nearly 15%.

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Bordonne, Manon, Mohammad B. Chawki, Pierre-Yves Marie, Timothée Zaragori, Véronique Roch, Rachel Grignon, Laetitia Imbert, and Antoine Verger. "High-quality brain perfusion SPECT images may be achieved with a high-speed recording using 360° CZT camera." EJNMMI Physics 7, no. 1 (November 4, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40658-020-00334-7.

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Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to compare brain perfusion SPECT obtained from a 360° CZT and a conventional Anger camera. Methods The 360° CZT camera utilizing a brain configuration, with 12 detectors surrounding the head, was compared to a 2-head Anger camera for count sensitivity and image quality on 30-min SPECT recordings from a brain phantom and from 99mTc-HMPAO brain perfusion in 2 groups of 21 patients investigated with the CZT and Anger cameras, respectively. Image reconstruction was adjusted according to image contrast for each camera. Results The CZT camera provided more than 2-fold increase in count sensitivity, as compared with the Anger camera, as well as (1) lower sharpness indexes, giving evidence of higher spatial resolution, for both peripheral/central brain structures, with respective median values of 5.2%/3.7% versus 2.4%/1.9% for CZT and Anger camera respectively in patients (p < 0.01), and 8.0%/6.9% versus 6.2%/3.7% on phantom; and (2) higher gray/white matter contrast on peripheral/central structures, with respective ratio median values of 1.56/1.35 versus 1.11/1.20 for CZT and Anger camera respectively in patients (p < 0.05), and 2.57/2.17 versus 1.40/1.12 on phantom; and (3) no change in noise level. Image quality, scored visually by experienced physicians, was also significantly higher on CZT than on the Anger camera (+ 80%, p < 0.01), and all these results were unchanged on the CZT images obtained with only a 15 min recording time. Conclusion The 360° CZT camera provides brain perfusion images of much higher quality than a conventional Anger camera, even with high-speed recordings, thus demonstrating the potential for repositioning brain perfusion SPECT to the forefront of brain imaging.

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Doyen, Matthieu, Gabriela Hossu, Sébastien Heyer, Timothée Zaragori, Laetitia Imbert, and Antoine Verger. "Identification of resting-state networks using dynamic brain perfusion SPECT imaging: A fSPECT case report." Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 17 (April 20, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2023.1125765.

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Connectivity studies with nuclear medicine systems are scarce in literature. They mainly employ PET imaging and group level analyses due to the low temporal resolution of PET and especially SPECT imaging. Our current study analyses connectivity at an individual level using dynamic SPECT imaging, which has been enabled by the improved temporal resolution performances provided by the 360°CZT cameras. We present the case of an 80-year-old man referred for brain perfusion SPECT imaging for cognitive disorders for whom a dynamic SPECT acquisition was performed utilizing a 360°CZT camera (temporal sampling of 15 frames × 3 s, 10 frames × 15 s, 14 frames × 30 s), followed by a conventional static acquisition of 15 m. Functional SPECT connectivity (fSPECT) was assessed through a seed correlation analysis and 5 well-known resting-state networks were identified: the executive, the default mode, the sensory motor, the salience, and the visual networks. This case report supports the feasibility of fSPECT imaging to identify well known resting-state networks, thanks to the novel properties of a 360°CZT camera, and opens the way to the development of more dedicated functional connectivity studies using brain perfusion SPECT imaging.

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Vergnaud, Laure, Jean-Noël Badel, Anne-Laure Giraudet, David Kryza, Thomas Mognetti, Thomas Baudier, Hanan Rida, Arnaud Dieudonné, and David Sarrut. "Performance study of a 360° CZT camera for monitoring 177Lu-PSMA treatment." EJNMMI Physics 10, no. 1 (September 22, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40658-023-00576-1.

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Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the quantification performance of a 360° CZT camera for 177Lu-based treatment monitoring. Methods Three phantoms with known 177Lu activity concentrations were acquired: (1) a uniform cylindrical phantom for calibration, (2) a NEMA IEC body phantom for analysis of different-sized spheres to optimise quantification parameters and (3) a phantom containing two large vials simulating organs at risk for tests. Four sets of reconstruction parameters were tested: (1) Scatter, (2) Scatter and Point Spread Function Recovery (PSFR), (3) PSFR only and (4) Penalised likelihood option and Scatter, varying the number of updates (iterations × subsets) with CT-based attenuation correction only. For each, activity concentration (ARC) and contrast recovery coefficients (CRC) were estimated as well as root mean square. Visualisation and quantification parameters were applied to reconstructed patient image data. Results Optimised quantification parameters were determined to be: CT-based attenuation correction, scatter correction, 12 iterations, 8 subsets and no filter. ARC, CRC and RMS results were dependant on the methodology used for calculations. Two different reconstruction parameters were recommended for visualisation and for quantification. 3D whole-body SPECT images were acquired and reconstructed for 177Lu-PSMA patients in 2–3 times faster than the time taken for a conventional gamma camera. Conclusion Quantification of whole-body 3D images of patients treated with 177Lu-PSMA is feasible and an optimised set of parameters has been determined. This camera greatly reduces procedure time for whole-body SPECT.

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Hesse, M., F. Dupont, O. Gheysens, R. Lhommel, and V. Roelants. "CT-free attenuation correction for cardiac-dedicated CZT SPECT: first results of the CASCTEC study." European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging 25, Supplement_1 (June 27, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeae142.053.

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Abstract Aim/Introduction The diagnostic accuracy of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) for detecting coronary artery diseases (CAD) is improved when using attenuation-corrected (AC) images. However, for economic reasons, most clinical cardiac-dedicated CZT cameras are marketed without a CT. Therefore, the CASCTEC clinical study aims at developing an approach to generate AC images only from emission scans on a pinhole CZT camera, without the need for CT. Materials & Methods Up to now 25 patients referred for MPS have been enrolled in the CASCTEC single-center prospective study. Two-day stress/rest myocardial SPECT imaging was performed on a pinhole CZT camera. A standard of care (SOC) 5-10 minutes acquisition was immediately followed by an additional 5 minutes acquisition after radially retracting the detectors (FAR) without moving the patient. Subsequently all patients underwent SPECT/CT imaging to be used as reference. The FAR acquisition allowed to delineate the patient body contour, and together with the SOC acquisition, enabled the segmentation of soft and lung tissues to produce an attenuation map. Non-corrected (NC) and AC images were compared together and with respect to the SPECT/CT images using the AHA 17-segment model polar maps and a polar sub-segmentation of these maps (104 segments). All (sub-)segments were scored according to their relative perfusion uptake, and combined to generate stress and rest summed scores. Results The tracer distribution was found more homogeneous for CASCTEC-AC patient stress and rest perfusion images compared to NC images, and similar to the reference. All perfusion defects observed on the SPECT/CT-AC images were also visible on CASCTEC-AC images. The CASCTEC mean relative uptake increased by up to 40% in the inferior segments compared to the NC image. Changes by less than 10% were observed for all other segments, except for the apical segment that decreased by up to 25%. The differences of the changes in the (17-segment) right coronary artery territories (RCA) summed scores from NC to AC between CASCTEC and SPECT/CT images were 0.2±3.0 (p=0.41) and 0.6±2.2 (p=0.21), respectively for stress and rest scans. Similar results were obtained for the differences of the changes in the (104-segment) RCA summed scores, i.e. 0.1±2.7 (p=0.20) and 0.1±2.4 (p=0.14), respectively for stress and rest scans. Conclusions The CASCTEC CT-free patient-specific attenuation map enhances NC perfusion in the inferior wall similarly to CT-based AC images from a SPECT/CT acquisition. This method looks promising to improve the diagnostic accuracy of current cardiac pinhole CZT systems for detecting obstructive CAD but requires further studies.60 years old man – BMI = 30 73 years old man – BMI = 38.5

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Zavadovskiy, K., O. Mochula, A. Maltseva, D. Vorobyeva, A. Mochula, and V. Ryabov. "The feasibility of SPECT CZT measurement of myocardial blood flow and reserve in patients with acute coronary syndrome: comparison with cardiac magnetic resonance." European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging 22, Supplement_3 (June 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeab111.051.

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Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background. Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is currently of interest in terms of diagnostic and treatment strategy. The diagnosis of MINOCA has been included in the STEMI guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology. However, there is lack of data regarding the relationship between myocardial damage according to cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and myocardial blood flow (MBF), myocardial flow reserve (MFR) obtained by dynamic SPECT. Purpose. To elucidate impairment of myocardial perfusion, MBF and MFR in patients with MINOCA. Methods. The study included 31 patients (21 men, age 62(56;70) years) with ASC. According to electrocardiography, cardiac biomarkers, invasive coronary angiography two groups were identified: with non-obstructive coronary arteries MINOCA (n = 10); MICAD (n = 21). Within 7-14 days after admission to the hospital all patients underwent dynamic SPECT on CZT gamma-camera with the assessment of standard indices of myocardial perfusion (SSS, SRS, SDS) and quantitative parameters (stress/rest myocardial blood flow (s/r MBF), myocardial flow reserve (MFR)). All patients underwent CMR with late gadolinium enhancement as well. Infarct size (IS), microvascular obstruction (MVO) and myocardial edema size (ME) were evaluated. Results. SSS and SRS differed significantly (p < 0.05) in MINOCA and MICAD patients: MINOCA: SSS 5.0(3.0;5.0), SRS 2.0(1.0;3.0); MICAD: SSS 9.0(5.0;13.0), SRS 6.0(3.0;11.0). However, SDS did not differ significantly in these two groups 2.5(1.0;4.0) vs 4.0(2.0;5.0). Moreover MINOCA patients in comparison with those with MIACD had higher values of quantitative parameters (p < 0.05): sMBF 2.02 (1.71;2.37) vs 0.86 (0.72;1.02) ml/min/g, rMBF 0.68 (0.66;0.86) vs 0.49 (0.4;0.57) ml/min/g, MFR 2.61 (2.23;3.14) vs 1.67 (1.1;1.9), respectively. Based on CMR, a total of 93 left ventricular vessel territories were analyzed. A total of 36(39%) vessel territories were considered as having acute myocardial injury (5 in MICAD, 31 in MINOCA). In patients with MICAD the values of IS, ME were significantly higher as compared to those with MINOCA (IS: 19.4(10.4;29.7)% vs1.8(0.0;6.9)%, ME: 19.5(12.0;30.0)% vs 3.0(0.0;12.0)% - p < 0.01). Based on regional analysis sMBF and MFR were significantly lower in vessel territories considering as CMR positive compared to those without MR signs of myocardial injury: regional sMBF 0.98(0.73;1.79) vs 1.33(0.94;2.08); regional MFR 0.58(0.43;0.9) vs 0.71(0.57;0.88), respectively. Conclusion. SPECT CZT is feasible in identifying both global and regional disturbances of myocardial blood flow and reserve in patients with acute coronary syndrome. MINOCA patients are characterized by mild reduction of myocardial blood flow and perfusion assessed visually and quantitatively. Therefore despite the absence of obstructive coronary artery lesion this group of patients has more pronounced risk of cardiac events and need more aggressive observation and treatment.

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Maltseva, A., A. Mochula, D. Vorobyeva, M. Gulya, V. Ryabov, and K. Zavadovsky. "The usage CZT SPECT to assess myocardial blood flow and flow reserve in myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries patients." European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging 22, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa356.338.

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Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background. Myocardial infarction (MI) with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is currently of interest in terms of a small amount of data related to myocardial perfusion, myocardial blood flow (MBF) and myocardial flow reserve (MFR). Purpose. To assess the severity of myocardial perfusion, MBF and MFR impairment in MINOCA patients in comparison to those with MI with obstructive coronary artery disease (MICAD) and non-obstructive stable coronary artery disease (SCAD). Methods. The study group comprised 40 patients (29 men, mean age 62.9 ± 10.7 years). 28 patients were admitted to the hospital due to the acute coronary syndrome. At admission all patients underwent invasive coronary angiography (ICA) and cardiac biomarkers – Creatine phosphokinase-MB (CPK-MB) and Troponin I (TnI) measurement. Two groups of patients were created based on ICA results: 1) MINOCA: with coronary artery stenosis <50%, n = 11; 2) MICAD: with coronary artery stenosis ≥50%, n = 17. SCAD patients group without obstructive atherosclerosis was retrospectively selected from the hospital database. All patients underwent dynamic SPECT on Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride (CZT) gamma camera with the assessment of semi-quantitative indexes of myocardial perfusion (SSS, SRS, SDS) and quantitative parameters (rest MBF (rMBF), stress MBF (sMBF) and MFR). Results. After 24 hours cardiospecific biomarkers levels in MINOCA group were significantly (p < 0.05) lower compared to MICAD group: CPK-MB 21.5 (13.7;45.0) vs. 94.4 (53.1;217.0) U/L; TnI 0.5 (0.1;3.3) vs. 9.8 (2.0;23.0) ng/ml. Standard myocardial perfusion indexes differed significantly (p < 0.05) among all three groups (except SDS between the first and second groups): MINOCA: SSS 5.0 (3.0;6.0), SDS 2.0 (1.0;3.0); MICAD: SSS 9.0 (5.0;13.0), SDS 3.0 (2,0;5.0); SCAD: SSS 1.5 (0.5;2.0), SDS 0.0 (0.0;2.0). Moreover, sMBF and MFR differed significantly in all three groups of patients: MINOCA: sMBF 1.2 (0.8;1.7) ml/min/g, MFR 2.0 (1.2;2.4); MICAD: sMBF 0.7 (0.6;1.0) ml/min/g, MFR 1.2 (1.1;1.5); control group: sMBF 2.2 (2.1;2.3) ml/min/g, MFR 2.6 (2.5;2.8). In 7/11 (64%) of MINOCA patients the value of sMBF was ≤1.5 ml/min/g. In the MICAD group 16/17 (94%) had sMBF ≤1.5 ml/min/g and all SCAD patients had sMBF >1.5 ml/min/g. In 4/11 (36%) of MINOCA patients MFR values were less than 2; in MICAD group MFR < 2 was observed in 15/17 (88%) patients. Conclusion. MINOCA patients have more severe myocardial perfusion abnormalities, lower MBF and MFR compared to those with stable CAD. It means that MINOCA patients may have other reasons for reduced myocardial blood flow, such as endothelial dysfunction, thrombophilia, etc., despite the absence of obstructive coronary artery lesion. Further studies are needed to assess added diagnostic and prognostic value of CZT SPECT derived myocardial flow indexes in MINOCA patients.

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Aguade-Bruix, S., A. Cardozo-Saavedra, A. Palomar Munoz, E. Aguirre, G. Romero-Farina, H. Cuellar-Calabria, M. N. Pizzi, and A. Roque. "Improvement of myocardial perfusion SPECT studies with a cardio-dedicated CZT gamma camera. Comparison with an analogical SPECT/CT gamma camera." European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging 25, Supplement_1 (June 27, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeae142.055.

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Abstract Aim To show the improvement in myocardial perfusion SPECT studies achieved in the year 2023 using a cardio-dedicated CZT gamma camera, compared to year 2021 when using an analogical SPECT/CT gamma camera. Methods We have collected data on nuclear cardiology care activity for the years 2021, 2022 and 2023, including patients treated in our institution. In 2021 myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) studies were performed primarily on an analogical SPECT/CT gamma camera, which was replaced by a cardio-dedicated CZT in 2022. In 2023 MPI was carried out mainly in the new CZT gamma camera. For comparison we have selected the SPECT MPI studies performed in 2021 (one day protocol mainly with 18 + 12 minutes acquisition plus 10 minutes for in-out patient), and 2023 MPI studies (one day protocol mainly with 6 + 4 minutes acquisition plus 10 minutes for in-out patient). Results (Results Table) With the new CZT cardio-dedicated gamma camera, the number of stress SPECT increased by 442 (31%) and rest SPECT by 341 (23%), with a total annual increase of 783 SPECT studies (27%) in 2023 compared to 2021. Furthermore, the complexity of SPECT studies has increased in 2023, since part of the studies carried out (68) correspond to SPECT studies of myocardial blood flow, which are obtained in the same gamma camera simultaneously. In addition, the gamma camera acquisition time has reduced by 66% (from 30 to 10 minutes), and the patient total time has reduced by half (from 40 to 20 minutes). Counts in the cardiac area have increased on average more than 1000 times (14 million counts for a low dose study and 32 million for a high dose study). Conclusions The improvement achieved in SPECT studies for myocardial perfusion after upgrading to a cardio-dedicated CZT gamma camera has been an annual increase of 27% in number of SPECT studies, and a decrease in patient total time by half, which has allowed implementing more complex studies, such as evaluation of myocardial blood flow.

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Thiele, Felix, Franziska Schau, Julian M. M. Rogasch, Christoph Wetz, Stephanie Bluemel, Winfried Brenner, Holger Amthauer, Catharina Lange, and Imke Schatka. "Same same but different: dopamine transporter SPECT on scanners with CZT vs. NaI detectors." EJNMMI Research 13, no. 1 (March 22, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13550-023-00973-8.

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Abstract Background The aims of this study were to establish a normal database (NDB) for semiquantification of dopamine transporter (DAT) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with [123I]FP-CIT on a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) camera, test the preexisting NaI-derived NDB for use in CZT scans, and compare the diagnostic findings in subjects imaged with a CZT scanner with either the preexisting NaI-based NDB or our newly defined CZT NDB. Methods The sample comprised 73 subjects with clinically uncertain parkinsonian syndrome (PS) who prospectively underwent [123I]FP-CIT SPECT on a CZT camera according to standard guidelines with identical acquisition and reconstruction protocols (DaTQUANT). Two experienced readers visually assessed the images and binarized the subjects into “non-neurodegenerative PS” and “neurodegenerative PS”. Twenty-five subjects from the “non-neurodegenerative PS” subgroup were randomly selected to establish a CZT NDB. The remaining 48 subjects were defined as “test group”. DaTQUANT was used to determine the specific binding ratio (SBR). For the test group, SBR values were transformed to z-scores for the putamen utilizing both the CZT NDB and the manufacturer-provided NaI-based NDB (GE NDB). A predefined fixed cut-off of -2 was used for dichotomization of z-scores to classify neurodegenerative and non-neurodegenerative PS. Performance of semiquantification using the two NDB to identify subjects with neurodegenerative PS was assessed in comparison with the visual rating. Furthermore, a randomized head-to-head comparison of both detector systems was performed semiquantitatively in a subset of 32 out of all 73 subjects. Results Compared to the visual rating as reference, semiquantification based on the dedicated CZT NDB led to fewer discordant ratings than the GE NDB in CZT scans (3 vs. 8 out of 48 subjects). This can be attributed to the putaminal z-scores being consistently higher with the GE NDB on a CZT camera (median absolute difference of 1.68), suggesting an optimal cut-off of -0.5 for the GE NDB instead of -2.0. Average binding ratios and z-scores were significantly lower in CZT compared to NaI data. Conclusions Use of a dedicated, CZT-derived NDB is recommended in [123I]FP-CIT SPECT with a CZT camera since it improves agreement between semiquantification and visual assessment.

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djaileb, loic, Olivier Phan Sy, Nicolas De Leiris, Marjorie Canu, Alexandre Seiller, Alexis Broisat, Gerald Vanzetto, et al. "Abstract 10954: Quantification of Myocardial Perfusion Reserve Using a Cardiac-Centered Camera: First Comparison with Invasive Indexes of Coronary Microvascular Disease." Circulation 144, Suppl_1 (November 16, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.144.suppl_1.10954.

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Introduction: – The invasive quantification of coronary flow reserve (CFR), the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), and fractional flow reserve (FFR) allows to assess coronary physiology. Although semi-conductor (CZT) SPECT myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR) has been previously compared with FFR, there are no data documenting the relationships between CZT SPECT MPR on one hand and CFR and/or IMR on the other hand. We assessed the performances of noninvasive CZT SPECT MPR in comparison with invasively determined FFR, CFR, and IMR. Methods: – Rest and dipyridamole-induced stress myocardial blood flow and MPR were quantified using 99m Tc-SestaMIBI and a Discovery NM 530c camera in 26 patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease who underwent conventional invasive coronary angiography. Thermodilution-derived resting and adenosine-induced hyperemic mean transit times, distal intracoronary pressures, and mean aortic pressures were assessed for the quantification of FFR, CFR, and IMR values. Results: – Only 2/35 vessels presented with a pathological (<0.8) FFR. A moderate yet significant correlation was observed between regional CZT SPECT MPR and CFR (r=0.40, P =.02). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and accuracy of regional CZT SPECT MPR vs CFR were 69% [44-86%], 94% [74-100%], 91% [65-100%], 77% [56-90%], and 82% [65-93%], respectively. In territories without underlying CAD (n=32), CZT SPECT MPR values were significantly higher in those with CFR≥2 and IMR<25 (negative composite criterion, n=14) than in those with CFR<2 and IMR≥25 (positive composite criterion, n=8, CZT SPECT MPR, 2.6 [2.1-3.6] vs 1.6 [1.2-1.8]), P <.01). Regional CZT SPECT MPR displayed sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and accuracy of 87% [53-99%], 100% [78-100%], 100% [64-100%], 93% [70-99%], and 95% [77-99%] for the diagnosis of a positive composite criterion, respectively. Conclusions: – CZT SPECT MPR presented a moderate, significant correlation with thermodilution CFR and good diagnostic performances for the detection of patients at high risk of cardiovascular events (low CFR and high IMR) in the absence of obstructive CAD.