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Статті в журналах з теми "342.240 858":
1
Matus, Е. V., M. A. Kerzhentsev, A. P. Nikitin, S. A. Sozinov, and Z. R. Ismagilov. "Promising Directions in Chemical Processing of Methane from Coal Industry. Part 3. Catalytic Tests." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 26, no. 1 (April 20, 2024): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj1559.
Анотація:
For the processing of coal mine methane into hydrogen-containing gas, a catalytic process of methane tri-reforming (СH4 + O2 + CO2 + H2O) was proposed and its component reactions were studied – partial oxidation (СH4 + O2, POM), dry reforming (СH4 + CO2, DRM) and steam reforming (СH4 + H2O, SRM) of methane. Promoted nickel supported on aluminum oxide was used as a catalyst. Experiments were carried out by varying temperature (600–850 ºC), contact time (0.04–0.15 s), linear feed rate (40–240 cm/min) and composition of the reaction mixture (POM – СH4 : O2 : He = 1 : (0.5–0.7) : (3.3–3.4); DRM – СH4 : CO2 : He = 1 : (0.8–1.4) : (2.6–3.2); SRM – CH4 : H2O : He = 1 : (0.8–2.0) : (2.0–3.2)). Optimal reaction conditions were determined to ensure maximum efficiency of hydrogen production by reforming methane-containing mixtures of various compositions (temperature in the range of 800–850 ºC, contact time 0.15 s, linear feed rate 160 cm/min, molar ratio of CH4 : O2 = 1 : 0.5 for POM, CH4 : CO2 = 1 : 1 for DRM and CH4 : H2O = 1 : 1.1 for SRM). The degree of catalyst carbonization during the reactions was reduced (from 3 to 1.5% for POM, from 20.7 to 2.2% for DRM, and from 15.2 to 0.4% for SRM) due to an increase in the O/C molar ratio in the initial reaction mixture. Regulation of H2/CO molar ratio was achieved over a wide range (0.9–6.5). It has been shown that the hydrogen concentration in the resulting hydrogen-containing mixture is determined by the type of process and is equal to 30±5 vol.%.
2
Lapteva, N. K., and L. V. Mitkinykh. "Expansion of assortment of functional gingerbread products." Agricultural Science Euro-North-East 20, no. 4 (August 30, 2019): 334–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2019.20.4.334-342.
Анотація:
In order to expand the range of flour confectionary for healthy nutrition, documentation on new gingerbread products with increased food value was developed in 2017-2018. They are Prune gingerbread (kovrizhka) and gingerbread (pryanik) "Zabava", "Fantaziya", "Vdokhnovenie". The nutrition value of new gingerbread products is defined by the content of medium rye flour, sunflower oil, prunes, dried apricots, cocoa powder which enrich the products with many micronutrients necessary for a human body such as food fibers, mineral substances, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Prune gingerbread exceeds the production analog (Tula gingerbread) in the content of food fibers (3.6%), vitamin E (2.9 mg%) and vitamin B1 (0.11 mg%) by 2.25; 4.1 and 1.37 times, respectively. It also has more mineral substances (K, P, Ca, Mg, Fe) in comparison with the control - 2.0; 1.3; 1.4; 2.4; 1.4 times, respectively. Energy value of Prune gingerbread is 8.8% lower than that of the production analog (Tula gingerbread). In 100 grams of Prune gingerbread and gingerbreads "Zabava", "Fantaziya", "Vdokhnovenie" there are from 2.9 to 4.0 g of polyunsaturated linoleic acid that satisfy the minimum body need a day. Gingerbreads "Zabava", "Fantaziya", "Vdokhnovenie" exceed the production analog (gingerbreads “Festivalnye”) in the content of mineral substances (K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe) in total – by 46.4; 98.4; 45.0%, respectively; in food fibers – by 1.7-2.2 times; in vitamin E – by 1.9-2.0 times. New gingerbread products are functional as they contain 26.4-36.4% of average daily body need in PUFA and 29.0-37.0% of vitamin E. Gingerbreads 'Zabava' and 'Fantaziya' contain respectively 17.0 and 20.0% of average daily body need in food fibers and 15.7% – in iron.
3
Díaz-Mesa, E. M., M. P. García-Portilla, S. Al-Halabí, P. A. Sáiz, and J. Bobes. "Sexual dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia vs bipolar disorder." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73246-1.
Анотація:
IntroductionHealthy sexual functioning is an important part of the human experience, but there is a lack of studies regarding sexuality and sexual behavior in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (García-Portilla, 2010).AimTo determine the differences on the sexual dysfunction profile between patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.MethodNaturalistic, cross-sectional, multicentre, validation study. A total of 89 patients with schizophrenia (SQF) and 82 with bipolar disorder (BPD) were evaluated using the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire Short-Form (CSFQ-14).ResultsSample description (SQF vs BPD): Mean age (SD) were 39.2 (11.0) vs 46.7 (10.9) (p < 0.001), men were 58.8% vs 41.2% (χ2 = 4.0, df. = 1, p < 0.05), 61.8% vs 38.2% were single (χ2 = 12.8, df. = 1, p < 0.001). Mean (SD) scores on CSFQ-14 scales were (SQF vs BPD): Pleasure 2.2 (1.0) vs 2.6 (1.0) (t = -2.2, p < 0.05), Sexual desire/frequency 5.3 (2.0) vs 5.9 (2.0) (t = -2.0, p < 0.05), Sexual desire/interest 5.7 (2.6) vs 6.9 (3.0) (t = -2.5, p < 0.05), Arousal/excitement 8.6 (3.1) vs 8.9 (3.4), Orgasm/completion 7.9 (3.2) vs 8.8 (3.2), Desire 11.1 (3.9) vs 12.9 (4.4) (t = -2.7, p < 0.05), Arousal 8.6 (3.1) vs 8.9 (3.4), Orgasm 7.9 (3.2) vs 8.8 (3.2) and Total 39.5 (9.7) vs 42.2 (11.0).ConclusionsPatients with schizophrenia have more difficulty to get pleasure and more problems in the phase of desire (frequency and interest) than the patients with bipolar disorder.
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Casandjian, Jean-Marc, Jean Ballet, and Isabelle Grenier. "Assessing the Cosmic Infrared Background Monopole from Far-infrared to Millimeter Wavelengths." Astrophysical Journal 969, no. 2 (July 1, 2024): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad43df.
Анотація:
Abstract We measured the cosmic infrared background (CIB) monopole for the COBE Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment (DIRBE) and Planck High-Frequency Instrument (HFI) bands with an updated model for the Galactic dust emission. This model includes a dust excess recently observed in 25% of the sky mainly at high latitude compared to the prediction from N H I. We correlated observations from COBE/DIRBE and Planck-HFI with this model to extract the zero levels of the sky maps. We corrected for the isotropic interplanetary dust (IPD) emission and calibration gains and obtained CIB values of 1.4 ± 8.0, 24.5 ± 3.9, 15.4 ± 4.9, 6.8 ± 2.0, 3.2 ± 0.3, 1.5 ± 0.1, 0.40 ± 0.05, 0.11 ± 0.04, 0.014 ± 0.027, and 0.008 ± 0.012 nW m−2 sr−1 at 60, 100, 140, and 240 μm, and 857, 545, 353, 217, 143, and 100 GHz. We compared those numbers with previous direct CIB measurements and extragalactic source counts. We obtain CIB values lower than previous measurements for wavelengths above 140 μm. Below this value, the large uncertainty related to the IPD emission prevents a clear interpretation.
5
Burk, Kathleen. "The Marshall Plan: Filling in Some of the Blanks." Contemporary European History 10, no. 2 (July 2001): 267–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777301002053.
Анотація:
Dominique Barjot, Rémi Baudouï and Danièle Voldman, eds., Les Reconstructions en Europe (1945–1949) (Paris: Editions Complexe, 1997), 342 pp., FF175, ISBN 2-870-27693-1. Matthias Kipping and Ove Bjarnar, eds., The Americanisation of European Business: The Marshall Plan and the Transfer of US Management Models (London: Routledge, 1998), 235 pp., £50.00, ISBN 0-415-17191-1. Jeffry M. Diefendorf, Axel Frohn and Hermann-Josef Rupieper, eds., American Policy and the Reconstruction of Western Germany, 1945–1955 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press and the German Historical Institute, Washington, DC, 1993), 537 pp., £45.00, ISBN 0-521-43120-4. Hans-Herbert Holzamer and Marc Hoch, eds., Der Marshall-Plan: Geschichte und Zukunft (Landsberg/Lech: Olzog, 1997), 214 pp., ISBN 3-789-29349-0. Haus der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, 50 Jahre Marshall-Plan (Berlin: Argon Verlag, Berlin, 1997), 140 pp., ISBN 3-870-24387-2. Günter Bischof, Anton Pelinka and Dieter Stiefel, eds., The Marshall Plan in Austria (New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 2000), 588 pp., ISBN 0-765-80679-7. Michael Kennedy and Joseph Morrison Skelly, eds., Irish Foreign Policy 1919–1966: From Independence to Internationalism (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2000), 352 pp., £39.50, ISBN 1-851-82404-9. Bernadette Whelan, Ireland and the Marshall Plan 1947–1957 (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2000), 426 pp., £39.50, ISBN 1-851-82517-7. Charles Silva, Keep Them Strong, Keep them Friendly: Swedish–American Relations and the Pax Americana, 1948–1952 (Stockholm: Akademitryck AB, 1999), 376 pp., Kl.10.00, ISBN 9-171-53974-3. Chiarello Esposito, America's Feeble Weapon: Funding the Marshall Plan in France and Italy, 1948–1950 (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1994), 226 pp., £49.50, ISBN 0-313-29340-6. Fernando Guirao, Spain and the Reconstruction of Western Europe 1945–57 (London: Macmillan, 1998), 240 pp., ISBN 0-312-21291-7. Martin A. Schain, Marshall Plan Fifty Years After (Houndmills: Palgrave, 2001), £30.00, ISBN 0-333-92983-7 was published after this article went to press.
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Zhemzhurov, M. L., G. M. Zhmura, I. E. Rubin, G. Z. Serebryany, N. M. Dneprovskaya, N. A. Tetereva, I. V. Rudenkov, and L. F. Babichev. "Predictive evaluation of changes in the volumes of radioactive waste to be deeply dispositioned in activated reactor structures in the process of their storage after the final shutdown of the Belarusian NPP power units." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Physical-Technical Series 67, no. 3 (October 9, 2022): 332–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2022-67-3-332-344.
Анотація:
This paper presents the results of computational studies of the amount of solid high-level and long-lived intermediate level radioactive waste (HLW and ILW-LL) generated during neutron activation of structural materials adjacent to the core of the VVER-1200 reactor of the Belarusian NPP, depending on the time after the final shutdown of the reactor. The assessment of the volumes of HLW and ILW-LL of activation origin, formed over 60 years of operation of the VVER-1200 reactor, was carried out on the basis of computational studies of the induced activity of structural and shielding materials using reactor and Monte Carlo program codes (SERPENT 2, TVS-M, DYN3D, MCU- PD). As a result of calculation studies, it was established that the masses and volumes of activated materials, according to the levels of pollution related to HLW and ILW‑LL, within 10 years after the final shutdown of the VVER-1200 reactor of the Belarusian NPP will be 273 tons and 43 m3 , respectively. In the interval of 30–70 years, the masses and volumes of activated materials of these categories of RW will amount to 262 t and 33 m3 , respectively. From 100 years to 200 years, the masses and volumes of activated materials of these categories of RW will be 118 t and 15 m3 , respectively. Within 10 years after the reactor shutdown, isotopes 55Fe (2.7 years), 60Co (5.27 years), 63Ni (96 years) will make the main contribution to the value of the integral specific activity of the materials of the structures of the fence, shaft, surfacing, reactor vessel, block of protective tubes (BPT), the space under the core, thermal insulation; after 10 years – 63Ni. The main contribution to the value of the integral specific activity of materials of absorbing elements (PEL) with Dy2TiO5 during the entire period of storage will be made by 63Ni.
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Kaul, Adam R., Loredana Salis, Mairead Nic Craith, and Stefan Handler. "Book Reviews." Anthropological Journal of European Cultures 18, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ajec.2009.180108.
Анотація:
Coleman, S. and P. Collins (2007) (eds), Locating the Field, Space, Place and Context in Anthropology (Oxford: Berg), 256 pp., Pb: £19.99, ISBN-13: 978-1845204037.Screeton, P. (2008), Mars Bars and Mushy Peas: Urban Legend and the Cult of Celebrity (Loughborough: Heart of Albion), 184 pp., Pb: £14.95, ISBN-13: 978-1-905646-11-1.Smith, L, and A. Natsuko (2009) (eds), Intangible Heritage (London and New York: Routledge) 312 pp., Pb: £23.99, Hb: £70.00, ISBN-13: 978-0-415-47396-5.Tiesler, N. C. (2006), Muslime in Europa: Religion und Identitätspolitiken unter veränderten gesellschaftlichen Verhältnissen (Münster: LIT), 240 pp., Pb: €24.90, ISBN-13: 978-3-8258-9490-0.
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Carlin, Jeffrey L., David J. Sand, Paul Price, Beth Willman, Ananthan Karunakaran, Kristine Spekkens, Eric F. Bell, et al. "FIRST RESULTS FROM THE MADCASH SURVEY: A FAINT DWARF GALAXY COMPANION TO THE LOW-MASS SPIRAL GALAXY NGC 2403 AT 3.2 MPC." Astrophysical Journal 828, no. 1 (August 25, 2016): L5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8205/828/1/l5.
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Monteiro, Evoni Antunes, and Simey Thury Vieira Fisch. "Estrutura e padrão espacial das populações de Bactris setosa Mart e B. hatschbachii Noblick ex A. Hend (Arecaceae) em um gradiente altitudinal, Ubatuba (SP)." Biota Neotropica 5, no. 2 (2005): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032005000300007.
Анотація:
Foi feito um estudo da estrutura e padrão espacial das palmeiras Bactris setosa Mart. e B. hatschbachii Noblick ex A. Hend., em trechos de mata atlântica no município de Ubatuba-SP, para se avaliar as populações destas espécies no gradiente de altitude. Nestes locais foram realizadas amostragens em seis altitudes (0 m - nível do mar, 100, 200, 400, 600, 850 m) em parcelas circulares de 100 m², onde todos os indivíduos das duas espécies foram medidos. As populações foram divididas em cinco classes de tamanhos: classe 1 (acaule); classe 2 (1 a 50 cm); classe 3 (51 a 100 cm); classe 4 (101 a 200 cm); classe 5 (> 200 cm). Ambas populações apresentaram predominância de indivíduos na classe seguinte a de plântulas. Ao nível do mar, as duas espécies foram abundantes (B. hatschbachii, 472 ind/ha e B. setosa, 312 ind/ha) e na encosta a espécie B. hatschbachii foi mais populosa a 400 m de altitude (400 ind/ha) e B. setosa a 600 m (148 ind/ha), a 850 m as duas espécies não foram amostradas. O índice de Morisita (Id) indicou um padrão espacial agregado para as populações de ambas espécies. O padrão populacional apresentado demonstrou que estas palmeiras são restritas a ambientes favoráveis.
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Lynch, Christel, Asa Gudrun Kristjansdottir, Saskia J. te Velde, Nanna Lien, Eva Roos, Inga Thorsdottir, Michael Krawinkel, et al. "Fruit and vegetable consumption in a sample of 11-year-old children in ten European countries – the PRO GREENS cross-sectional survey." Public Health Nutrition 17, no. 11 (July 15, 2014): 2436–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980014001347.
Анотація:
AbstractObjectiveTo describe fruit and vegetable intake of 11-year-old children in ten European countries and compare it with current dietary guidelines.DesignCross-sectional survey. Intake was assessed using a previously validated questionnaire containing a pre-coded 24 h recall and an FFQ which were completed in the classroom. Portion sizes were calculated using a standardized protocol.SettingSurveys were performed in schools regionally selected in eight countries and nationally representative in two countries.SubjectsA total of 8158 children from 236 schools across Europe participating in the PRO GREENS project.ResultsThe total mean consumption of fruit and vegetables was between 220 and 345 g/d in the ten participating countries. Mean intakes did not reach the WHO population goal of ≥400 g/d in any of the participating countries. Girls had a significantly higher intake of total fruit and vegetables than boys in five of the countries (Sweden, Finland, Iceland, Bulgaria and Slovenia). Mean total fruit intake ranged between 114 and 240 g/d and vegetable intake between 73 and 141 g/d. When using the level ≥400 g/d as a cut-off, only 23·5 % (13·8–37·0 %) of the studied children, depending on country and gender, met the WHO recommendation (fruit juice excluded).ConclusionsFruit and vegetable consumption was below recommended levels among the schoolchildren in all countries and vegetable intake was lower than fruit intake. The survey shows that there is a need for promotional activities to improve fruit and vegetable consumption in this age group.
Дисертації з теми "342.240 858":
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Kuduz, Mario. "Nanocharacterization of magnetoresistant oxide tunnel barrier structures." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/diss/2004/kuduz/kuduz.pdf.
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Lösing, Marion. "Studies on adaptor proteins that shape antigen receptor-proximal signal transduction in B lymphocytes." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B220-0.
Книги з теми "342.240 858":
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Parks, United States Congress Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on National. Various national parks bills: Hearing before the Subcommittee on National Parks of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, first session, on S. 114, S. 127, S. 140, S. 161, S. 177, S. 247, S. 279, S. 302, S. 313, S. 323, S. 403, S. 404, S. 508, S. 535, S. 564, S. 599, S. 713, S. 765, S. 779, S. 849, S. 858, May 11, 2011. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2011.
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Innovación Docente y Calidad Institucional : Jornadas de Innovación Docente e Investigación Educativa UZ, Zaragoza, 5 y 6 de septiembre de 2019. Universidad de Zaragoza, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/uz.978-84-09-29715-3.
Анотація:
Índice de Contenidos Aplicación de metodologías activas I 9 Estrategias de gamificación, y aprendizaje entre pares, para la adquisición de competencias 13 Herramientas para la gestión de los recursos digitales en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje 28 Gamificación de la Cristalografía mediante la App XtereO 40 Educación Visual y Plástica comprometida con el entorno próximo 49 Experiencias de coordinación entre el profesorado 67 Diseño de actividades multidisciplinares de Ciencias de la Naturaleza y Matemáticas 71 Evaluación del aprendizaje 99 Impacto del Concurso de Cristalización en la Escuela en Aragón en el profesorado participante. 103 ¿Influye el género en la evaluación entre iguales? 113 Acciones de integración y orientación de estudiantes 133 Competencias digitales para estudiantes de la Universidad de Zaragoza 158 La organización emocional del aula en la gestión de la actividad docente 164 La motivación como herramienta para mejorar la tasa de aprobados en la asignatura de Contabilidad Financiera II. 20 Gamificación a través de diferentes aplicaciones como innovación docente en el grado de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte 33 Utilización de vídeos y cuestionarios para la mejora del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de conocimientos requeridos en la asignatura “Criterios de diseño de máquinas” 58 Acercando a los estudiantes de magisterio una experiencia colaborativa realizada en Educación Primaria 78 La formación de los futuros maestros desde un modelo interdisciplinar para las enseñanzas de Lengua Castellana y LIJ. 88 Evaluación de necesidades y seguimiento del aprendizaje en competencias de comunicación académica en inglés a través de un focus group en ADEi 121 Percepción de los estudiantes de los grados de la Facultad de Economía y Empresa sobre el uso y utilidad de las tutorías 137 Integración de los estudiantes de ADE en el mercado laboral a través del programa de prácticas y actividades externas. 148 Promoviendo la reflexión entre docentes acerca delas bases fundamentales sobre las que construirla ciudadanía digital 171 Estudio de opinión de los alumnos del Grado en Medicina sobre las limitaciones éticas de la ciencia 179 Percepción social de la ciencia por los alumnos del Grado en Medicina 185 La dirección de Trabajos Fin de Grado (TFG) en el marco de las nuevas modalidades de educación universitaria a distancia: algunas claves metodológicas para su adecuada ejecución 191 Experiencia piloto para mejorar las competencias de trabajo en equipo y comunicación oral en asignaturas de ingeniería 198 Otras metodologías activas II. 207 Metodologías activas basadas en juegos de razonamiento para fomentar el aprendizaje 211 El dispositivo móvil en el aula, ¿herramienta educativa o distracción? 217 Mejora de la adquisición de competencias a través del modelo de aula inversa 224 El customer journey map en la formación de la empatía y la innovación 232 La gamificación en el aula para la mejora de la participación del alumno en el estudio de la asignatura de Esplacnología. 239 Los cuestionarios Moodle como una herramienta para mejorar la calidad de la docencia y fomentar el aprendizaje en el aula universitaria 246 Un canal de YouTube como mecanismo de adquisición de competencias transversales 251 Arte y reciclaje en los entornos educativos (Trash art) 260 Didáctica con la gamificación y el videojuego mediante una intervención multidisciplinar para estudiantes del Grado de Maestro 270 YouTube como repositorio de vídeos docentes de apoyo a la docencia 278 Aplicación de Metodologías Activas III 287 Combinación de la Técnica Just in Time Teaching y los Serious Games con el enfoque pedagógico Flipped Learning en Educación Superior 291 Aprendizaje de lenguas para la inclusión social 303 Gamificación y role playing en la enseñanza de Derecho Procesal Penal, intervención de la Persona Jurídica y cumplimiento normativo 310 Integrando diferentes aplicaciones TIC en la docencia universitaria: uso de Screencast-o-matic, Canva y Pocket 317 Evaluación del uso de diferentes TIC en la docencia universitaria: grupo MultiFlipTech 323 Experiencias de mejora de la calidad de las titulaciones 335 Coordinación de agentes y mejora de los instrumentos de evaluación de las prácticas escolares: selección de las dimensiones a calificar 339 Enseñanza a distancia en el grado en Gestión y Administración Pública 345 Selección y rendimiento de los estudiantes en la asignatura Organización y Gestión Interna 356
Частини книг з теми "342.240 858":
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Quesnel, Benoît, Christophe Scheffer, and Georges Beaudoin. "The Light Stable Isotope (Hydrogen, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Silicon, Sulfur) Composition of Orogenic Gold Deposits." In Isotopes in Economic Geology, Metallogenesis and Exploration, 283–328. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27897-6_10.
Анотація:
AbstractOrogenic gold deposits formed in various terranes of most ages since the Paleoarchean and generally consist of quartz veins hosted in shear zones formed at the ductile brittle transition under greenschist to lower amphibolite metamorphic conditions. Vein mineralogy is dominated by quartz with various amounts of silicates, carbonates, phyllosilicates, borates, tungstates, sulfides, and oxides. The isotopic composition of these minerals and fluid inclusions has been investigated since the 1960s to constrain the characteristics of orogenic fluid systems involved in the formation of gold deposits worldwide. This review is based on 8580 stable isotope analyses, including δ18O, δD, δ13C, δ34S δ15N, δ11B, and δ30Si values, from 5478 samples from 558 orogenic gold deposits reported in the literature from 1960 to 2010. This contribution describes the variability of the light stable isotopic systems as function of the minerals, the age of the deposits, their regional setting, and their country rocks. The temperature of isotopic equilibrium of orogenic gold veins is estimated from mineral pairs for oxygen and sulfur isotopes. Based on these temperatures, and on fractionation between mineral and fluid components (H2O, CO2 and H2S), the isotopic composition of fluids is estimated to better constrain the main parameters shared by most of auriferous orogenic fluid systems. Orogenic gold deposits display similar isotopic features through time, suggesting that fluid conditions and sources leading to the formation of orogenic gold deposits did not change significantly from the Archean to the Cenozoic. No consistent secular variations of mineral isotope composition for oxygen (−8.1‰ ≤ δ18O ≤ 33‰, n = 4011), hydrogen (−187‰ ≤ δD ≤ −4‰, n = 246), carbon (−26.7‰ ≤ δ13C ≤ 12.3‰, n = 1179), boron (−21.6‰ ≤ δ11B ≤ 9‰, n = 119), and silicon (−0.5‰ ≤ δ30Si ≤ 0.8‰, n = 33) are documented. Only nitrogen (1.6‰ ≤ δ15N ≤ 23.7‰, n = 258) and sulfide sulfur from deposits hosted in sedimentary rocks (−27.2‰ ≤ δ34S ≤ 25‰, n = 717) display secular variations. For nitrogen, the change in composition is interpreted to record the variation of δ15N values of sediments devolatilized during metamorphism. For sulfur, secular variations reflect incorporation of local sedimentary sulfur of ultimate seawater origin. No significant variation of temperature of vein formation is documented for orogenic gold deposits of different ages. Quartz-silicate, quartz-carbonate and sulfide-sulfide mineral pairs display consistent temperatures of 360 ± 76 °C (1σ; n = 332), in agreement with the more common greenschist facies hostrocks and fluid inclusion microthermometry. Fluid sources for orogenic gold deposits are complex but the isotopic systems (hydrogen, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur) are most consistent with contributions from metamorphic fluids released by devolatilization of igneous, volcano-sedimentary and/or sedimentary rocks. The contribution of magmatic water exsolved from magma during crystallization is not a necessary component, even if permissible in specific cases. Isotopic data arrays can be interpreted as the result of fluid mixing between a high T (~550 °C)—high δ18O (~10‰)—low δD (~−60‰) deep-seated (metamorphic) fluid reservoir and a low T (~200 °C)—low δ18O (~2‰)—high δD (~0‰) upper crustal fluid reservoir in a number of orogenic gold deposits. The origin of the upper crustal fluid is most likely sea- or meteoric water filling the host rock porosity, with a long history of water–rock isotope exchange. Mixing of deep-seated and upper crustal fluids also explains the large variation of tourmaline δ11B values from orogenic gold veins. Regional spatial variations of oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions of deep-seated fluid reservoirs are documented between orogenic gold districts. This is the case for the Val-d’Or (Abitibi), Coolgardie and Kalgoorlie (Yilgarn) where the oxygen isotope composition of the deep-seated fluid end-member is 4‰ lower compared to that from the Timmins, Larder Lake, and Kirkland Lake districts (Abitibi). However, both mixing trends converge towards a common, low δ18O upper crustal fluid end-member. Such variations cannot be related to fluid buffering at the site of deposition and suggest provinciality of the fluid source. The contribution of meteoric water is mainly recorded by fluid inclusions from Mesozoic and Cenozoic age deposits, but micas are not systematically in isotopic equilibrium with fluid inclusions trapped in quartz from the same vein. This suggests late involvement of meteoric water unrelated to deposit formation. Yet, a number of deposits with low δD mica may record infiltration of meteoric water in orogenic gold deposits. Isotope exchange between mineralizing fluid and country rocks is documented for oxygen, carbon, sulfur and silicon isotopes. Large variations (> 10‰) of sulfide δ34S values at the deposit scale are likely related to evolving redox conditions of the mineralizing fluid during reaction with country rocks. Deposits hosted in sedimentary rocks show a shift to higher δ18O values as a result of fluid/rock oxygen exchange with the regional sedimentary country rocks.
2
Block, Geoffrey. "Reminiscences of Richard Rodgers." In The Richard Rodgers Reader, 303–25. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195139549.003.0045.
Анотація:
Abstract The longest selection in the Reader is excerpted from an extended interview with Kenneth Leish, arranged in twelve parts (392 double-spaced pages of typescript and a two-page index of names). Although only the first four parts include dates, It is clear from references to current productions at places like the Music Theater at Lincoln Center that the final portions of the interview did not extend much beyond Summer and Fall 1968.* In a portion of the Reminiscences not reprinted here readers learn that the press suppressed Hart’s excessive drinking as well as his homosexuality, not because Rodgers threatened the publisher of a scandal rag when confronted with questions about Hart’s sexuality, but “because the newspaper people were all crazy about him” (p. 200}. Also in this section Rodgers discloses that For the archivally curious this footnote offers topics, dates (when provided in the interviews), and page numbers for each section: (I) Rodgers’s current activities (December I4, I967), I-39; (2) Background (December I9, I967), 40-84; (3) Producing Avanti and The Garrick Gaieties through A Connecticut Yankee (February 2I, I968), 85-u8; (4) I927-I932 (March I, I968), II9-43; (5) I932-I936, I44-67; (6) Working with Hart, I68-203 [marked on the title page “closed during lifetime”]; (7) Pal Joey and Oklahoma!, 204-46; (8) State Fair and Carousel, 247-78; (9) Allegro and South Pacific, 279-307; (IO) The King and I, Victory at Sea, and Me and Juliet, 308-36; (II) Pipe Dream and The Sound of Music, 337-62; (I2) After Hammerstein, 363-92.
3
Allison, Penelope M. "House I 10,18." In The Insula of the Menander at Pompeii. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199263127.003.0022.
Анотація:
Giornale degli Scavi A,VI,6 (May 1912–Mar. 1929): 451–2 (12 Nov. 1926) A,VI,7 (Apr. 1929–Dec. 1935): 207–8 (25–6 July 1932); 216–17 (4–7 Aug. 1932); 219 (13 Aug. 1932); 220 (18 Aug. 1932); 221 (19 Aug. 1932). Elia 1934: 341–4. The excavation of this house began from the rear of House I 10,2–3, and the area of the latrine and kitchen. Later excavation proceeded from the upper storey in the front of the house. The recording was possibly less careful than in the larger houses in the insula which were considered more important. For example, Elia did not mention any of the finds from here. Since excavation, the house has been used as a workshop for the gardeners and labourers working on the site but was being restored in 2001. No recorded finds. Vases of various types. i. Preserved h.: c.1.2 m; diam.: c.240 mm; neck diam.: c.100 mm. Fabric: orange, relatively fine. Description: Amphora with a pointed base, cylindrical body, and marked shoulder. Strap handles attached to the shoulder and neck. Large rolled, and vertically flattened, rim. Present location: one left in situ, others unknown, possibly left in room 10. Not inventoried at time of excavation. Discussion: Arthur identifies the remaining amphora as an unprovenanced Italian wine amphora, of form Dressel 1B. He notes that the type was late Republican, the latest dated examples of which bear the consular date for 13 bc (CIL, xv. 4539 and 4575). He therefore notes that this amphora is of considerable interest as it survived in use for at least ninety years after its date of manufacture. Arthur suggests that its longevity, perhaps explained by its use as a container for an ageing vintage, adds a note of caution to the adoption of single artefacts for the dating of archaeological contexts. Dimensions: total l.: 331 mm; dimensions of case: 95 mm × 85 mm × 25 mm. Description: Rectangular iron lock-box and parallel iron bars. Box decorated on upper surface with iron bosses in the form of broad-brimmed hats (head diam.: 18 mm). Each corner boss is part of an attachment nail.
4
Deng, Jun, Yusheng Zhai, Xuanxue Mo, and Qingfei Wang. "Chapter 4 Temporal-Spatial Distribution of Metallic Ore Deposits in China and Their Geodynamic Settings." In Mineral Deposits of China, 103–32. Society of Economic Geologists, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/sp.22.04.
Анотація:
Abstract The temporal-spatial distribution of metallic ore deposits in China, including magmatic Ni-Cu ± platinum group elements (PGE), porphyry, skarn, volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS), epithermal, sedimentary rock-hosted Pb-Zn, Carlin-like Au, and orogenic Au deposits, reflects a diversity of tectonic settings. The ore deposits belong to 14 metallogenic provinces, contained within six age groups, which are classified based on geodynamic setting. Three of the provinces developed in the Precambrian (group I), nine developed in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic (groups II, III, IV, and V), and two developed in the Cenozoic (group VI). Except for the group I provinces, each of the other provinces is characterized by a major metallogenic age peak corresponding to a series of interrelated tectonic events or mantle plume activity. The Precambrian group can be subdivided into a Neoarchean metallogenic province in the North China craton that hosts several VMS deposits; a Proterozoic metallogenic province in the North China craton that hosts the 1505 Ma Bayan Obo carbonatite-related rare earth element (REE)-Nb-Fe deposit and the 832 Ma Jinchuan magmatic Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposit, and a Proterozoic metallogenic province in the South China block that hosts several iron oxide copper-gold deposits. Many of the deposits in these metallogenic provinces are related to continental rifting. The second group of metallogenic provinces occurs in the Chinese part of the Central Asian orogenic belt. It includes a Cambrian-Ordovician metallogenic province that developed during subduction of the Paleo-Asian oceanic plate, a Carboniferous-Triassic metallogenic province (Tianshan-Altay) that developed during final closure of the ocean, and a Permian-Triassic metallogenic province (NE China) that developed after arc-continent collision. Important ore deposits in these metallogenic provinces are, respectively, the 485 Ma Duobaoshan porphyry Cu-Mo deposit the 445 Ma Bainaimiao porphyry Cu-Mo-Au deposit; the 363 Ma Axi epithermal Au deposit, the 322 Ma Tuwu-Yangdong porphyry Cu deposit, the 284 Ma Huangshanxi magmatic Ni-Cu deposit; the 245 Ma Chehugou porphyry Mo-Cu deposit, the 223 Ma Jinchangyu orogenic Au deposit, and 220 Ma Hongqiling magmatic Ni-Cu deposit. The third group of metallogenic provinces occurs in the Tethyan metallogenic domain and can be further divided into a Cambrian-Ordovician Qilian-Kunlun-Sanjiang province that developed during subduction and closure of the Proto-Tethyan Ocean; a Carboniferous-Triassic province that developed during birth, subduction, and consumption of the Paleo-Tethyan Ocean; and a Jurassic-Cretaceous Tethys province that developed during subduction of the Meso-Tethys oceanic plate. Important ore deposits in these provinces include the 411 Ma Baiganhu W-Sn skarn deposit and the 412 Ma Xiarihamu magmatic Ni-Cu deposit that formed in a continental-arc setting; the Laochang Pb-Zn VMS deposit associated with ocean island basalt-like volcanism, the 220 Ma Pulang porphyry Cu deposit that formed in a continental-arc setting, and the 230 to 210 Ma Carlin-like Au deposits formed in a postcollisional environment in the western Qinling and the Youjiang basin; and the 119 Ma Tieyaoshan Sn skarn-greisen deposit, the 88 Ma Tongchanggou porphyry Mo deposit, and the 83 Ma Gejiu Sn skarn deposits. The fourth group of metallogenic provinces developed during subduction of the Pacific oceanic plate beneath southeastern China and comprises a Jurassic and a Cretaceous province. The former is represented by a cluster of ~160 Ma W-Sn skarn deposits in the Nanling region; the latter is known for many ~135 Ma skarn and porphyry Cu-Au deposits in the Tongling region and numerous ~125 Ma unusual orogenic Au deposits in the Jiaodong and Xiaoqinling regions. The fifth group is the Emeishan metallogenic province that is related to Permian mantle plume activity in southwestern China. Several world-class magmatic Fe-Ti-V oxide deposits, a few small magmatic Ni-Cu deposits, and a couple of small magmatic Pt-Pd deposits associated with mafic-ultramafic intrusions are present in this province. The sixth group of metallogenic provinces developed in the Cenozoic during continental collision in the Tibet and Sanjiang region. This group can be further divided into the Sanjiang province that is related to oblique collision, and the Tibet province that is related to orthogonal collision. Important ore deposits in these provinces are the ~41 Ma Yulong porphyry Cu-(Mo) deposit, the 37 Ma Beiya Au-Cu skarn deposit, the ~26 Ma Jinding sedimentary rock-hosted Zn-Pb deposit, the ~30 Ma Zhenyuan orogenic Au deposit, and the ~15 Ma Qulong and Jiama porphyry Cu deposits. The youngest metallogenic province in China occurs on the Taiwan Island. This province developed during the subduction of the Philippine Sea oceanic plate beneath the island in the Pliocene and the accretion of the Luzon volcanic arc to the island in the Pleistocene. This province contains numerous Pliocene orogenic gold deposits as well as the Pleistocene Chinkuashih epithermal gold deposit in northern Taiwan.
5
Kaplun, Marianna V. "The Elements of Expressiveness in the Youth Dialogue about Feast of the Nativity." In Hermeneutics of Old Russian Literature: Issue 20, 314–24. А.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/horl.1607-6192-2021-20-314-324.
Анотація:
The Youth Dialogue about Feast of the Nativity from a cycle “Rhymed and not Rhymed Poems” from the manuscript collection by T.F. Bolshakov (RSL. F. 37. No. 88) refers to the poems in the collection on the biblical plots. The Dialogue, presumably dated to the 17th century, is a small rhymed poem with elements of action, divided into lines of poetry and played by roles by two youths ‘little yours’ to the listening ‘faithful virgins’. The Dialogue was clearly intended for a listener or spectator and, possibly, was shown on a stage or in a church as an action in which passages from the Gospel were read, represented in persons. The stage character of The Dialogue is indicated by an appeal to the audience, containing an invitation to listen to the story, and in a spectacular manner of a riddle, clearly with the aim of interest (intrigue) the audience. There are elements of artistic expressiveness in The Dialogue which gives dynamics and poetry to the text and, possibly, in order to impress the audience. Rapid change of verbs while reading could give an internal dynamics to the passage and even more captivate the audience. The Dialogue contains traditional Christmas attributes (star, myrrh, censer, angels), quotes from the Psalter, but the text doesn’t convey exactly the Gospel, but represents a poetic interpretation of Christmas. The Dialogue contains a linguistic expressiveness which is given by emotional elements (description of Herod’s intentions and speech expressiveness of the Mother of God), artistically meaningful persistent evangelical images (‘a pure dove,’ ‘stars from heaven’). The speech of the two youths is also expressive, in which some differences are also guessed (the speech of the first is more descriptive, the speech of the second is more graphic). All this makes it possible to talk about the elements of artistic expression inherent in The Youth Dialogue about Feast of the Nativity.
6
"Macneil, IR, ‘Restatement (second) of contracts and presentation’ (1974) 60 Virginia LR 589. Macneil, IR, ‘Contracts adjustment of long term economic relations under classical, neo-classical and relational contract law’ (1978a) 72 Northwestern University LR 854. Macneil, IR, Contract: Exchange Transactions and Relations, 2nd edn, 1978b, Playa Vista, California: Foundation. McKendrick, E, ‘The battle of the forms and the law of restitution’ (1988) 8 OJLS 197. Phang, A, ‘Implied terms revisited’ (1990) JBL 394. Phang, A, ‘Implied terms in English law – some recent developments’ (1993) JBL 242. Pollock, G, Principles of Contract, 13th edn, 1950, London: Sweet & Maxwell. Poole, J, ‘Damages for breach of contract – compensation and “personal preferences”’ (1996) 59 MLR 272. Posner, RA, Economic Analysis of Law, 4th edn, 1992, Boston: Little, Brown. Price, D, ‘When is a consumer not a consumer?’ (1989) 52 MLR 245. Sealy, L, ‘The Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977’ [1978] CLJ 15. Sealy, L, ‘Thompson v Lohan (Plant Hire) Ltd’ [1988] CLJ 6. Simpson, A, A History of the Common Law of Contract, 1975, Oxford: OUP. Simpson, A, ‘Innovation in 19th century contract law’ (1975) 91 LQR 247. Spencer, JR, ‘Signature, consent and the rule in L’Estrange v Graucob’ [1973] CLJ 104. Teubner, G, ‘Legal irritants: good faith in British law’ (1998) 61 MLR 11. Thompson, MP, ‘Representation to expectation: estoppel as a cause of action’ [1983] CLJ 257. Treitel, GH, Doctrine and Discretion in the Law of Contract, 1981, Oxford: Clarendon. Treitel, GH, ‘Mistake in contract’ (1989) 104 LQR 501. Treitel, GH, Frustration and Force Majeure, 1994, London, Sweet & Maxwell." In Sourcebook on Contract Law, 810. Routledge-Cavendish, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843141518-324.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "342.240 858":
1
Mecham, Travis, Galen Stanley, Michael Pelletier, and Jim C. P. Liou. "High Speed Data Communications and High Speed Leak Detection Models: Impact of Thermodynamic Properties for Heated Crude Oil in Large Diameter, Insulated Pipelines — Application Pacific Pipeline System." In 2000 3rd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2000-241.
Анотація:
Recent advances in SCADA and leak detection system technologies lead to higher scan rates and faster model speeds. As these model speeds increase and the inherent mathematical uncertainties in implicit method solutions are reduced, errors and uncertainties in measurement of the physical properties of the fluids transported by pipeline come to dominate the confidence calculations for computer generated leak alerts in the control center. The ability to collect more data must be supported by the need for better model data in order to achieve optimal leak detection system performance. This is particularly true when the products transported are non-homogeneous and have strong viscosity-vs-temperature relationships. These are characteristics of crude oils in California’s San Joaquin Valley where significant heating is required to pump these oils in an efficient manner. Proper characterization and correct mathematical expression of these physical properties in leak models has become critical. This paper presents these new developments in the context of an implementation of this new technology for the Pacific Pipeline System (PPS). PPS is a recently constructed and commissioned 209 km (130-mile), 50.8 cm (20″) diameter, insulated, hot crude oil pipeline between the southern portion of California’s San Joaquin Valley and refineries in the Los Angeles basin. Operational temperatures in this line vary from ambient to 82.2°C (180°F) with pressures ranging from 345 kPa (50 psi) to 11,720 kPa (1700 psi). Due to the unique geometry of the line, facilities along the route include pumping stations, metering stations and numerous “throttle-type” pressure reduction facilities. On PPS, a high-speed leak detection model is supported by a fiber optic (OC-1) communication backbone with data rate capacities in excess of 50 Megabits Per Second (MPS). Total scan times for the distributed communication system have been reduced to 1/4 second — each facility reports data to the SCADA host four times each second. A corresponding 1/4 second leak detection model cycle leads to selection of Methods of Characteristics segments on the order of 260 meters (850 feet). This resolution, in conjunction with the advanced instrumentation package of PPS, makes detection of very small leaks realizable. This paper starts with an overview of the system and combines a mix of the theoretical requirements imposed by the mathematical solutions with a practical description of the laboratory procedures and propagated experimental errors. The paper reviews temperature-related errors and uncertainties and their influence on leak detection performance.
2
Wong, Jun-Chun, and Lea-Der Chen. "Correlating Thermal Characteristics From Flow-Reactor Experiments With Primary Reference Fuel." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88042.
Анотація:
An experimental investigation was conducted to correlate thermal characteristics with primary reference fuel (PRF) using an “isothermal” flow reactor. Objective of the investigation was to assess whether or not thermal characteristics measured in a radiant-heated flow reactor could serve as an indicator of fuel octane number. The experimental set-up consisted of a radiant furnace and a pyrex-tube test section inside. The pyrex tube was fitted with thermocouples alongside the tube wall. Four PRF compositions of iso-octane and n-heptane were considered: 0, 65, 85 and 100% of iso-octane by volume; noted as PRF0, 65, 85 and 100, respectively. The test conditions reported in the paper set the fuel-air mixture temperature to 180 °C at the inlet of the test section and the radian furnace temperature to 345 °C. The equivalence ratio was set in the range 0.93 to 2.0. For a pre-set PRF and equivalence-ratio condition, the experiments were run with fixed mixture velocities over the range 0.019 m/s to 0.400 m/s. Over the conditions tested, the thermocouples recorded two temperature oscillations along the flow reactor for each of PRF0, 65 and 85 mixtures. Both oscillation locations moved downstream when PRF number was increased and the two oscillation locations merged when PRF was set to 85. No temperature oscillations were recorded for experiments with PRF100 mixture. The results suggest that the temperature oscillation locations from the experiments using isothermal flow-reactors can be used to correlate fuel octane number.
3
Usmanov, Askhat Radikovich, Anton Mikhailovich Shishkin, Alexander Sergeevich Merzlyakov, Jalal Lalash Ogli Karimov, Anton Valeryevich Fedotov, and Vladimir Ivanovich Khlebnikov. "7-inch Casing While Drilling CWD With Retrievable Bottom Hole Assembly BHA." In SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206438-ms.
Анотація:
Abstract Casing drilling technology, as an alternative to conventional drilling, has been known for a long time. This method is mainly used for wells with geological complications, such as lost circulation or wellbore instability of various nature. By using drilling on a string for a section or part of it, the problem interval is immediately cased, eliminating the time spent on additional operations, such as pulling the bottom hole assembly (BHA), wiper trips and running the casing. Thus, this allows to reduce the time for well construction, reduces the risk of accidents and non-productive time associated with the complication zone. Casing drilling has become widely for drilling vertical surface conductors and technical casing with a drillable shoe, as well as for drilling with retrievable BHA in inclined sections for 324- and 245-mm casing. The aim of this work was to perform directional drilling on a 178mm production casing in an interval where the client had geological problems associated with running casing due to a zone of rock collapse. The uniqueness of the task lies in the fact that no one in the world has yet performed drilling on a casing with a building inclination and landing into a horizontal plane. It was necessary to follow the designed well trajectory, to build inclination from 67 to 85 degrees with the planned dogleg severity of 1 degree / 10m.
4
Котешкова, О. М., Е. А. Ермакова, С. А. Клейменова, Л. П. Ромашкина та М. Б. Анциферов. "ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ БОЛЬНЫХ САХАРНЫМ ДИАБЕТОМ 1 ТИПА И 2 ТИПА НА ИНСУЛИНЕ". У Сборник тезисов III Конференции по лечению и диагностике сахарного диабета «Фундаментальная и клиническая диабетология в 21 веке: от теории к практике». ФГБУ «НМИЦ эндокринологии» Минздрава России, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/diaconfiii25-26.05.23-50.
Анотація:
ЦЕЛЬ: оценить динамику показателей углеводного обмена, липидного спектра крови, показателей
артериального давления, массы тела, частоты гипогликемий, навыков по технике инъекций инсулина,
поведения у больных сахарным диабетом 1 типа (СД1) и 2 типа на инсулине (СД2), прошедших групповое
обучение по структурированной программе в 2021 и 2022 гг.
МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: в исследование было включено 293 пациента, из них с СД1 161 чел. в возрас-
те 44,4±5.7 лет и с СД2 на инсулине 132 чел. в возрасте 59,4±8.7 лет. Все пациенты получали терапию инсу-
лином более 1 года. Средняя длительность инсулинотерапии у пациентов с СД1 10.8±2,1 лет, у пациентов
с СД2 на инсулине - 9.9±1,7 лет. Большинство пациентов с СД2 получали только инсулин (72%), остальные
(28%) - пероральные сахароснижающие препараты и инсулин.
У 47% пациентов с СД1 и 75% с СД2 на инсулине регистрировалась гиперлипидемия. Средний уровень
ЛПНП составил 3.2±1.2 ммоль/л у пациентов СД 1 и 3.8±1.4 ммоль/л у пациентов с СД2 на инсулине. 16% па-
циентов с СД1 и 24% больных с СД2 на инсулине получали гиполипидемическую терапию.
У 32% пациентов с СД1 и 78% с СД2 на инсулине была артериальная гипертензия. Регулярный прием
гипотензивных препаратов осуществляли 50% больных с СД1 и 40% пациентов с СД2 на инсулине. Оценка
параметров проводилась исходно и через 6 месяцев после окончания обучения.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: в процессе наблюдения отмечено достоверное снижение HbAc у пациентов с СД 1 типа
с 8.9±0.82% до 7.6±0.8% (p<0.05), у пациентов с СД2 на инсулине с 9.4±0.9% до 8.1±1.1% (p<0.05). Исходно
22% больных СД1 и 10% больных СД2 на инсулине имели уровень HbAc <7%. Через 6 месяцев после
обучения 56% пациентов с СД1 и 39% больных СД2 на инсулине имели HbAc <7%. У пациентов с СД1
не было отмечено изменение ИМТ. У пациентов с СД2 на инсулине наблюдалось снижение ИМТ с 36.60±1.9
до 33.80±2.0 (p<0.05).
Через 6 месяцев средний уровень ЛПНП составил 1.8±0.6 ммоль/л у пациентов СД1 и 2.0±0.8 ммоль/л
у пациентов с СД2 на инсулине. 76% пациентов с СД1 и 80% больных с СД2 на инсулине получали гипо-
липидемическую терапию. Целевые показатели АД были достигнуты у 90% пациентов с СД1 и 86% боль-
ных с СД2 на инсулине. Регулярный прием гипотензивных препаратов осуществляли 90% больных с СД1
и 85% - с СД2 на инсулине.
Число пациентов, осуществляющих самоконтроль гликемии с частотой 4 раза в день увеличился с 113
(70%) до 150 чел. (93%) среди пациентов с СД1 и с 13 (10%) до 90 чел. (68%) в группе пациентов с СД2
на инсулине. Увеличилось число пациентов, самостоятельно корректирующих дозы инсулина и правиль-
но купирующих гипогликемии. Самостоятельно мониторировали АД 90% пациентов с СД1 и 86% – с СД2
на инсулине.
ВЫВОДЫ: структурированное обучение позволяет ликвидировать пробелы в знаниях и навыках боль-
ного, способствует увеличению доли пациентов, достигших целей лечения, позволяет повысить привер-
женность к выполнению лечебных действий, связанных с диабетом, и сопутствующими заболеваниями.
СБОРНИК ТЕЗИСОВ
III Конференция по лечению и диагностике сахарного диабета
«Фундаментальная и клиническая диабетология в 21 веке: от теории к практике»
5
Lu, Peixian, and Liang Ma. "Support from conversational agent on daily stress for user satisfaction improvement." In 15th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005419.
Анотація:
Daily stress is a universally experienced phenomenon in our modern lives [1]. Studies have shown that cumulative stress in daily life can result in cardiovascular disease [2] and psychological or behavioral disorders, such as depression and anxiety [3]. To regulate stress, social sharing is often used as a method. By talking to others, sharers can gain support that help them cope with their stress events [4]. However, people are not always comfortable sharing their stress events with others, such as the stigmatised issues [5]. In addition, people are not always able to find the right person to talk to. Their friends may be tired of hearing about the same issues [6]. Besides, professional help may be too expensive and require long waits [7].With the widespread use of conversational agent (CA), the CA should provide support for the users who encounter with daily stress to help them get socio-emotional benefits and therefore improve the user satisfaction [8]. At the same time, the gender of the CA should be considered as a factor which influence the user satisfaction of daily stress support.MethodsIn this study, we developed a 2 (CA genders)×3 (types of support) between-subject experiment on user satisfaction of CA with daily stress support function. The CA had two types of gender, including male and female. Three support types included control (without stress support function), stress (with stress detection and support function), and stressor (with stress and stressor detection, and provide support targeted at stressor) groups. So, there were six types of CA in this experiment.Participants (N = 76) were asked to share one personal daily stress experience with a CA, which was assigned from the six CAs randomly and provided support via the Wizard-of-Oz method (a human-operated CA).Results & DiscussionResults showed that participants felt better after sharing with the CA in stress group and stressor group, as evidenced by reduced stress intensity. The interaction experience of participants showed that the likeability, enjoyment, and user satisfaction of stress group were significantly higher than that of control group. While, the user satisfaction of stressor group had no significant difference with that of stress group. For the gender the CA, the female CA achieved higher likeability in control group and stress group. Meanwhile, the female CA achieved higher enjoyment, engagement, and user satisfaction in stressor group.According to the interview after the experiment, the participants in the stressor group proposed more requirements for the targeted advice from CA. They explained that they felt the high intelligent level of the CA. So, they were looking forward for the help from the CA for the solution of their daily stress events.ConclusionAccording to the above results, the support for daily stress from CA can improve the user satisfaction. Between different genders of CA, the female CA is more preferred in this study. What’s more, the CA should provide targeted advice for users with different stressors.Reference[1] Piazza, J. R., Charles, S. T., Sliwinski, M. J., Mogle, J., & Almeida, D. M. (2013). Affective reactivity to daily stressors and long-term risk of reporting a chronic physical health condition. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 45(1), 110-120.[2] Schubert, C., Lambertz, M., Nelesen, R. A., Bardwell, W., Choi, J. B., & Dimsdale, J. E. (2009). Effects of stress on heart rate complexity—a comparison between short-term and chronic stress. Biological psychology, 80(3), 325-332.[3] Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C., & Gordon, L. U. (Eds.). (1997). Measuring stress: A guide for health and social scientists. Oxford University Press on Demand.[4] Rim ́e, B. (2009). Emotion elicits the social sharing of emotion: Theory and empirical review. Emotion Review, 1(1), 60–85.[5] Smart, L., & Wegner, D. M. (2000). The hidden costs of hidden stigma. In T. F. Heatherton, R. E. Kleck, M. R. Hebl, & J. G. Hull (Eds.), The social psychology of stigma (pp. 220–242). New York: Guildford Press.[6] Forest, A. L., Kille, D. R., Wood, J. V., & Holmes, J. G. (2014). Discount and disengage: How chronic negative expressivity undermines partner responsiveness to negative disclosures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 107(6), 1013–1032.[7] Hunt, J., & Eisenberg, D. (2010). Mental health problems and help-seeking behavior among college students. Journal of Adolescent Health, 46(1), 3–10.[8] Pauw, L. S., Sauter, D. A., van Kleef, G. A., Lucas, G. M., Gratch, J., & Fischer, A. H. (2022). The avatar will see you now: Support from a virtual human provides socio-emotional benefits. Computers in Human Behavior, 136, 107368.
Звіти організацій з теми "342.240 858":
1
Lin, Shike, Bing Tan, Suren Rao Sooranna, Tlaye Kenean Getaneh, Meiyan Li, Chaoting Zhao, Xi Xiong, Xiong Wang, Tao Zhang, and Chi Chiu Wang. Acupuncture for adenomyosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.12.0001.
Анотація:
Review question / Objective: Can patients with adenomyosis benefit from acupuncture treatments? Evaluation of current evidence with respect to the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for adenomyosis by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available randomized controlled trial. Condition being studied: Adenomyosis is a gynecological disorder defined as the presence of the endometrial gland and stroma cells within the myometrium. This condition mainly occurs in women who are multiparous and over the age of 30. Among women undergoing hysterectomy, the frequency of adenomyosis is reported to range from 8.8% to 61.5%. Adenomyosis is also observed in 20. 9% to 34% of women who have been referred for pelvic imaging. The incidence of adenomyosis in the general population remains uncertain. Adenomyosis can significantly decrease the patient’s quality of life, with the clinical presentations of menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, metrorrhagia, chronic pelvic pain and dyspareunia.
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Bercovier, Herve, Raul Barletta, and Shlomo Sela. Characterization and Immunogenicity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis Secreted and Cellular Proteins. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7573078.bard.
Анотація:
Our long-term goal is to develop an efficient acellular vaccine against paratuberculosis based on protein antigen(s). A prerequisite to achieve this goal is to analyze and characterize Mycobacterium paratuberculosis (Mpt) secreted and cellular proteins eliciting a protective immune response. In the context of this general objective, we proposed to identify, clone, produce, and characterize: the Mpt 85B antigen and other Mpt immunoreactive secreted proteins, the Mpt L7/L12 ribosomal protein and other immunoreactive cellular proteins, Mpt protein determinants involved in invasion of epithelial cells, and Mpt protein antigens specifically expressed in macrophages. Paratuberculosis is still a very serious problem in Israel and in the USA. In the USA, a recent survey evaluated that 21.6% of the dairy herd were infected with Mpt resulting in 200-250 million dollars in annual losses. Very little is known on the virulence factors and on protective antigens of Mpt. At present, the only means of controlling this disease are culling or vaccination. The current vaccines do not allow a clear differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. Our long-term goal is to develop an efficient acellular paratuberculosis vaccine based on Mpt protein antigen(s) compatible with diagnostic tests. To achieve this goal it is necessary to analyze and characterize secreted and cellular proteins candidate for such a vaccine. Representative Mpt libraries (shuttle plasmid and phage) were constructed and used to study Mpt genes and gene products described below and will be made available to other research groups. In addition, two approaches were performed which did not yield the expected results. Mav or Mpt DNA genes that confer upon Msg or E. coli the ability to invade and/or survive within HEp-2 cells were not identified. Likewise, we were unable to characterize the 34-39 kDa induced secreted proteins induced by stress factors due to technical difficulties inherent to the complexity of the media needed to support substantial M. pt growth. We identified, isolated, sequenced five Mpt proteins and expressed four of them as recombinant proteins that allowed the study of their immunological properties in sensitized mice. The AphC protein, found to be up regulated by low iron environment, and the SOD protein are both involved in protecting mycobacteria against damage and killing by reactive oxygen (Sod) and nitrogen (AhpC) intermediates, the main bactericidal mechanisms of phagocytic cells. SOD and L7/L12 ribosomal proteins are structural proteins constitutively expressed. 85B and CFP20 are both secreted proteins. SOD, L7/L12, 85B and CFP20 were shown to induce a Th1 response in immunized mice whereas AphC was shown by others to have a similar activity. These proteins did not interfere with the DTH reaction of naturally infected cows. Cellular immunity provides protection in mycobacterial infections, therefore molecules inducing cellular immunity and preferentially a Th1 pathway will be the best candidate for the development of an acellular vaccine. The proteins characterized in this grant that induce a cell-mediated immunity and seem compatible with diagnostic tests, are good candidates for the construction of a future acellular vaccine.
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Núñez, Anamaría, and Dolores Subiza. América Latina y el Caribe: Agua y saneamiento (empleo). Inter-American Development Bank, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006391.
Анотація:
INFOGRAFIA: En las últimas dos décadas, la región de América Latina y el Caribe ha estado a la altura de los desafíos en términos de acceso a servicios de agua y saneamiento: entre 1990 y el 2015, más de 220 millones de personas (de un total de 600 millones) se incorporaron a los servicios de agua y saneamiento. El porcentaje de personas con acceso a mejores servicios de agua pasó del 85% al 95% y en saneamiento adecuado el porcentaje aumentó del 67% al 83%. Pero no podemos quedarnos ahí. Hoy todavía quedan 34 millones de personas sin acceso a agua, y las cifras son más alarmantes para saneamiento: 106 millones no cuentan con acceso a uno adecuado y 19 millones defecan al aire libre. Como es de esperar, las estadísticas son aún más alarmantes para los más vulnerables y las zonas más remotas del continente. La gran disparidad urbana-rural, se traduce en una cobertura de los servicios de agua y saneamiento rural en el 2015 (84% y 64%, respectivamente) semejante a la cobertura del sector urbano 25 años atrás.
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Núñez, Anamaría, Dolores Subiza, and Andrea Monje Silva. América Latina y el Caribe: agua y saneamiento (género). Inter-American Development Bank, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006195.
Анотація:
INFOGRAFÍA: En las últimas dos décadas, la región de América Latina y el Caribe ha estado a la altura de los desafíos en términos de acceso a servicios de agua y saneamiento: entre 1990 y el 2015, más de 220 millones de personas (de un total de 600 millones) se incorporaron a los servicios de agua y saneamiento. El porcentaje de personas con acceso a mejores servicios de agua pasó del 85% al 95% y en saneamiento adecuado el porcentaje aumentó del 67% al 83%. Pero no podemos quedarnos ahí. Hoy todavía quedan 34 millones de personas sin acceso a agua, y las cifras son más alarmantes para saneamiento: 106 millones no cuentan con acceso a uno adecuado y 19 millones defecan al aire libre. Como es de esperar, las estadísticas son aún más alarmantes para los más vulnerables y las zonas más remotas del continente. La gran disparidad urbana-rural, se traduce en una cobertura de los servicios de agua y saneamiento rural en el 2015 (84% y 64%, respectivamente) semejante a la cobertura del sector urbano 25 años atrás.
5
Velásquez Morales, Alejandra, Paola Elena León Velasco, Ángela Patricia Alarcón, and Diana Marcela Walteros. Análisis espacial de COVID-19 en población procedente del exterior en Colombia, marzo de 2020 - octubre de 2021. Instituto Nacional de Salud, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33610/01229907.2021v3n4a4.
Анотація:
Introducción: El alto flujo migratorio de personas procedentes del exterior implica mayor riesgo de propagación de SARS CoV2 en el territorio nacional. En Colombia desde marzo de 2020 a 31 de octubre de 2021 se han confirmado 67 787 casos en población extranjera. El objetivo es caracterizar epidemiológicamente la población extranjera de SARS CoV2 en el Sistema de Vigilancia de Salud Pública (Sivigila) desde marzo de 2020 a octubre de 2021. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal observacional, con fuente primaria de datos de Sivigila desde marzo 2020 a octubre de 2021. Se calcularon medidas de tendencia central y dispersión, media y desviación estándar de las variables cuantitativas y proporciones para variables cualitativas. Se realizó análisis univariado y bivariado, se estimó razón de momios entre antecedentes, comorbilidades, edad y sexo, considerando estadísticamente significativos los valores p <0,05. Se realizó análisis espacial para identificar entidades territoriales de riesgo y procedencia de los casos importados. Resultados: se identificaron 67 893 casos de COVID 19 de población extranjera captada por la variable nacionalidad en el Sivigila. El promedio de edad fue de 35,8 ±15,8 (Me=33), la edad mínima fue de 0 años y la máxima 114 años. La variabilidad fue heterogénea (CV=42,81 %). El sexo predominante fue el masculino con el 51,9 % (n=35 203), femenino con 48,1 % (n=32 690). La ciudad con más casos corresponde a Bogotá con el 49,8 % de los casos (n=33 868), seguido del departamento de Antioquia con el 19,73 % (n=13.398), Valle del Cauca con el 5,64 % (n=3827) y Norte de Santander con 3,89 % (n=2640), El distrito de Barranquilla con 3,09 % (n=2098). Conclusión: en la población extranjera el número de casos es mayor en hombres, con una edad entre 30 a 39 años y 20 a 29 años. Se identificó que las muertes tienen una asociación con las comorbilidades de VIH y ser fumador. Se recomienda continuar con el seguimiento de esta población con el fin de identificar características demográficas de mayor vulnerabilidad y áreas de mayor afluencia para focalizar acciones de mitigación y control.
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Ardakani, O. H. Organic petrography and thermal maturity of the Paskapoo Formation in the Fox Creek area, west-central Alberta. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330296.
Анотація:
The Paskapoo Formation, which ranges in age from middle to upper Paleocene, is the major shallow aquifer in Alberta. This study is part of a larger GSC-led study on the potential environmental impact of hydrocarbon development in the Fox Creek area (west-central Alberta) on shallow aquifers. Fox Creek is located near the northern limit of the Paskapoo Formation. In addition to the underlying organic-rich source rocks in the study area, including the Duvernay Formation that is currently exploited for hydrocarbon resources, the Paskapoo Formation contains organic-rich intervals and coal seams. In order to investigate any potential internal hydrocarbon sources within the Paskapoo Formation, ninety-seven (97) cutting samples from the formation obtained from eight shallow monitoring wells (50-90 m) in the study area were studied for total organic carbon (TOC) content, organic matter composition and thermal maturity of coal seams using programmed pyrolysis analysis and organic petrography. The TOC content of all samples ranges from 0.2 to 8.8 wt. %, with a mean value of 0.95 ± 1.6 wt. % (n=97). The Tmax values of studied samples range from 347 to 463 °C, with a mean value of 434 ± 20 °C that suggest a range of thermal maturity from immature to peak oil window. The random reflectance (Rr) measurement and fluorescence microscopy on eighteen (18) selected samples with TOC content &gt; ~1 wt. % shows a mean Rr value of 0.27% and 0.42% for the overlying till deposits and the underlying shallow depth sandstone, siltstone, shale and coal seams respectively, indicating a low rank coal ranging from lignite to sub-bituminous coal. Blue to green and yellow fluorescing liptinite macerals further confirmed the low maturity of studied samples. The low S2 yield of a large part of the samples (65%) resulted in unreliable Tmax values that overestimated the thermal maturity. Although the organic matter in the studied intervals are immature, exsudatinite, as secondary liptinite maceral, was observed in samples from the lower parts of the studied monitoring wells. Exsudatinite generally derives from the transformation of sporinite, alginite, resinite and varieties of vitrinite, which is a resinous or asphalt like material. Considering the thickness and distribution of coal seams in the studied samples, it is unlikely the exsudatinite will be a major source for aquifer hydrocarbon contamination in the study area. Additional stratigraphic studies and molecular geochemical analysis could provide an estimate of the total volume of possible organic compounds contribution to the aquifer in the study area. Due to the presence of coal seams in the studied intervals of the Paskapoo Formation, it is important to investigate the possibility of biogenic methane formation in Paskapoo shallow aquifers.
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Grau, Javier, Horacio Terraza, Germán Sturzenegger, Alfredo Rihm, and Diana Milena Rodríguez Velosa. Solid Waste Management in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006297.
Анотація:
This document is a collection of available data on solid waste management in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The following bullet points contain a brief description of the most relevant data: The regional average per capita generation of Domestic Solid Waste (DSW) and Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is 0.6 kg/cap/day and 0.9 kg/cap/day, respectively. DSW represents, on average, 67% of the MSW generated in the region. The MSW regional average collection rate is 89.9% (as a percentage of the population). Compared with a worldwide average of 73.6%, LAC has a high level of coverage, reflecting the priority the region gives to this service. LAC's coverage is higher than that of Africa (46%), South Asia (65%), and the Middle East and Northern Africa (approximately 85%). Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Trinidad & Tobago, Uruguay and Venezuela have MSW collection rates close to 100% (universal coverage). About 53% of LAC's population receives 2to-5-days a week waste collection service, 45% daily service and 2% once-a-week service. Separate MSW collection, commonly known as selective collection is still uncommon in the region. However, there are cases like that of Brazil, where 62% of municipalities implement selective MSW collection programs. Average unitary collection costs have been estimated at US$34 per collected ton, with high cost variance between countries. For example, the cost in Argentina is US$54, while in Paraguay is only US$6.6 (a US$47 difference). These variations typically reflect differences associated with the (higher-lower) quality of service. Adequate MSW final disposal coverage (i.e., in landfills) is approximately 55% (as a percentage of the population), which means that there is still a large amount of waste that is not disposed and/or treated adequately (45%). The average final disposal cost is US$20.4 per ton disposed. There is a first group of countries where disposal costs are around US$10 (US$5.6 in Ecuador, US$11.4 in Chile), a second group where it costs around US$20 (US$18.8 in Costa Rica, US$23.3 in Colombia), and then there¿s Brazil, where costs are, on average, considerably higher (US$31.5). In several LAC countries MSW management costs are directly afforded by the municipality. The average cost recovery is 51.6%xii. Municipalities typically use property taxes as the main revenue collection system. This collection mechanism represents 52.1% of the total, followed by direct billing to users, with 20.2%; the electricity bill (15.3%); and the water & sanitation bill (12.4%).
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Pavlovic, Noel, Barbara Plampin, Gayle Tonkovich, and David Hamilla. Special flora and vegetation of Indiana Dunes National Park. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302417.
Анотація:
The Indiana Dunes (comprised of 15 geographic units (see Figure 1) which include Indiana Dunes National Park, Dunes State Park, and adjacent Shirley Heinze Land Trust properties) are remarkable in the Midwest and Great Lakes region for the vascular plant diversity, with an astounding 1,212 native plant species in an area of approximately 16,000 acres! This high plant diversity is the result of the interactions among postglacial migrations, the variety of soil substrates, moisture conditions, topography, successional gradients, ?re regimes, proximity to Lake Michigan, and light levels. This richness is all the more signi?cant given the past human alterations of the landscape resulting from logging; conversion to agriculture; construction of transportation corridors, industrial sites, and residential communities; ?re suppression; land abandonment; and exotic species invasions. Despite these impacts, multiple natural areas supporting native vegetation persist. Thus, each of the 15 units of the Indiana Dunes presents up to eight subunits varying in human disturbance and consequently in ?oristic richness. Of the most signi?cant units of the park in terms of number of native species, Cowles Dunes and the Dunes State Park stand out from all the other units, with 786 and 686 native species, respectively. The next highest ranked units for numbers of native species include Keiser (630), Furnessville (574), Miller Woods (551), and Hoosier Prairie (542). The unit with lowest plant richness is Heron Rookery (220), with increasing richness in progression from Calumet Prairie (320), Hobart Prairie Grove (368), to Pinhook Bog (380). Signi?cant natural areas, retaining native vegetation composition and structure, include Cowles Bog (Cowles Dunes Unit), Howes Prairie (Cowles Dunes), Dunes Nature Preserve (Dunes State Park), Dunes Prairie Nature Preserve (Dunes State Park), Pinhook Bog, Furnessville Woods (Furnessville), Miller Woods, Inland Marsh, and Mnoke Prairie (Bailly). Wilhelm (1990) recorded a total of 1,131 native plant species for the ?ora of the Indiana Dunes. This was similar to the 1,132 species recorded by the National Park Service (2014) for the Indiana Dunes. Based on the nomenclature of Swink and Wilhelm (1994), Indiana Dunes National Park has 1,206 native plant species. If we include native varieties and hybrids, the total increases to 1,244 taxa. Based on the nomenclature used for this report?the Flora of North America (FNA 2022), and the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS 2022)?Indiana Dunes National Park houses 1,206 native vascular plant species. As of this writing (2020), the Indiana Dunes is home to 37% of the species of conservation concern in Indiana (241 out of 624 Indiana-listed species): state extirpated = 10 species, state endangered = 75, and state threatened = 100. Thus, 4% of the state-listed species in the Indiana Dunes are extirpated, 31% endangered, and 41% threatened. Watch list and rare categories have been eliminated. Twenty-nine species once documented from the Indiana Dunes may be extirpated because they have not been seen since 2001. Eleven have not been seen since 1930 and 15 since 1978. If we exclude these species, then there would be a total of 1,183 species native to the Indiana Dunes. Many of these are cryptic in their life history or diminutive, and thus are di?cult to ?nd. Looking at the growth form of native plants, <1% (nine species) are clubmosses, 3% (37) are ferns, 8% (297) are grasses and sedges, 56% (682) are forbs or herbs, 1% (16) are herbaceous vines, <1% (7) are subshrubs (woody plants of herbaceous stature), 5% (60) are shrubs, 1% (11) are lianas (woody vines), and 8% (93) are trees. Of the 332 exotic species (species introduced from outside North America), 65% (219 species) are forbs such as garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata), 15% (50 species) are graminoids such as phragmites (Phragmites australis ssp. australis), 2% (seven species) are vines such as ?eld bindweed (Convulvulus arvensis), <1% (two species) are subshrubs such as Japanese pachysandra (Pachysandra terminalis), 8% (28 species) are shrubs such as Asian bush honeysuckle (Lonicera spp.), 1% (three species) are lianas such as oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus), and 8% (23 species) are trees such as tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissimus). Of the 85 adventive species, native species that have invaded from elsewhere in North America, 14% (11 species) are graminoids such as broom sedge (Andropogon virginicus), 57% (48 species) are forbs such as fall phlox (Phlox paniculata), 5% (six species) are shrubs such as Carolina allspice (Calycanthus floridus), 3% (two species) are subshrubs such as holly leaved barberry (Berberis repens), 1% (one species) is a liana (trumpet creeper (Campsis radicans), 3% two species) are herbaceous vines such as tall morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea), and 17% (15 species) are trees such as American holly (Ilex opaca). A total of 436 species were found to be ?special? based on political rankings (federal and state-listed threatened and endangered species), species with charismatic ?owers, and those that are locally rare.