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1
Namwong, Sirilak, Somboon Tanasupawat, Takuji Kudo, and Takashi Itoh. "Haloarcula salaria sp. nov. and Haloarcula tradensis sp. nov., isolated from salt in Thai fish sauce." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 61, no. 2 (February 1, 2011): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.021790-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Two red-pigmented, strictly aerobic, pleomorphic rod-shaped and extremely halophilic archaea, designated strains HST01-2RT and HST03T, were isolated from salt in a fish sauce sample from Thailand. The novel strains grew optimally at 37 °C, pH 7.0, and in the presence of 20–25 % (w/v) NaCl. The DNA G+C contents of the isolates were 61.6–62.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on a comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains HST01-2RT and HST03T were placed in the radiation of species of the genus Haloarcula. The chemotaxonomic properties of the two strains, i.e. the presence of MK-8 and MK-8(H2) as the major menaquinone components and C20C20 derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, phosphatidylglycerol sulfate and a triglycosyl diether as major polar lipids, supported the assignment of the two strains to the genus Haloarcula. Nevertheless, several phenotypic features and the low DNA–DNA relatedness between the two strains and related species of the genus Haloarcula (13.4–46.9 %) enabled the strains to be distinguished from each other and from recognized species. Therefore, strains HST01-2RT and HST03T represent two novel species in the genus Haloarcula, for which the names Haloarcula salaria sp. nov. and Haloarcula tradensis sp. nov. are proposed, respectively. The type strains are HST01-2RT (=BCC 40029T=JCM 15759T=PCU 313T) and HST03T (=BCC 40030T=JCM 15760T=PCU 314T).
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Shaik, Sadulla, K. Sri Rama Krishna, and Ramesh Vaddi. "Tunnel Transistor-Based Reliable and Energy Efficient Computing Architectures with Circuit and Architectural Co-Design at Low VDD." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 27, no. 03 (October 30, 2017): 1850046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126618500469.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs) as low voltage device options have attracted recent attention for energy efficient circuit designs with CMOS technology scaling. This paper presents the circuit and architectural co-design approach for designing reliable and energy efficient architectures (adder cells) for new computing platforms at supply voltages. At circuit level TFET-based 28-transistor static logic design (28T) and 24-transistor transmission gate logic design (24T) have been explored. At architectural level, multiplexer (MUX)-based 22-transistor full adder design (22T) is proposed. Performance of TFET-based architectures have also been benchmarked with 20[Formula: see text]nm double gate Si FinFET technology. It has been seen that with FinFET technology 24T design is not effective in terms of energy efficiency and reliability (due to the large leakage currents in transmission gate logic topology). 28T design is the best in reliability perspective (in terms of reduced over shoots, full logic swing and reduced glitch duration etc.) and 22T design to be energy efficient option. It has been demonstrated in this paper that TFET’s steep slope characteristics enable the 24T design to have similar reliability characteristics like 28T design and energy efficiency like 22T design. TFET-based 22T design has [Formula: see text]91% smaller energy delay product (EDP) and [Formula: see text]84.4% less power delay product (PDP) in comparison to the low threshold voltage (LVT) FinFET 22T design at 0.2[Formula: see text]V VDD.
3
Thompson, L. V., E. M. Balog, D. A. Riley, and R. H. Fitts. "Muscle fatigue in frog semitendinosus: alterations in contractile function." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 262, no. 6 (June 1, 1992): C1500—C1506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1992.262.6.c1500.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to characterize the contractile properties of the frog semitendinosus (ST) muscle before and during recovery from fatigue, to relate the observed functional changes to alterations in specific steps in the crossbridge model of muscle contraction, and to determine how fatigue affects the force-frequency relationship. The frog ST (22 degrees C) was fatigued by direct electrical stimulation with 100-ms 150-Hz trains at 1/s for 5 min. The fatigue protocol reduced peak twitch (Pt) and tetanic (Po) force to 32 and 8.5% of initial force, respectively. The decline in Pt was less than Po, in part due to a prolongation in the isometric contraction time (CT), which increased to 300% of the initial value. The isometric twitch duration was greatly prolonged as reflected by the lengthened CT and the 800% increase in the one-half relaxation time (1/2RT). Both Pt and Po showed a biphasic recovery, a rapid initial phase (2 min) followed by a slower (40 min) return to the prefatigue force. CT and 1/2RT also recovered in two phases, returning to 160 and 265% of control in the first 5 min. CT returned to the prefatigue value between 35 and 40 min, whereas even at 60 min 1/2RT was 133% of control. The maximal velocity of shortening, determined by the slack test, was significantly reduced [from 6.7 +/- 0.5 to 2.5 +/- 0.4 optimal muscle length/s] at fatigue. The force-frequency relationship was shifted to the left, so that optimal frequency for generating Po was reduced.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Thompson, L. V., E. M. Balog, and R. H. Fitts. "Muscle fatigue in frog semitendinosus: role of intracellular pH." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 262, no. 6 (June 1, 1992): C1507—C1512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1992.262.6.c1507.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to utilize glass microelectrodes to characterize the intracellular pH (pHi) before and during recovery from fatigue in the frog semitendinosus (ST) muscle. A second objective was to evaluate the relationship between pHi and contractile function. The frog ST muscle (22 degrees C) was fatigued by direct electrical stimulation with 100-ms 150-Hz trains at 1/s for 5 min. Peak tetanic force (Po) was reduced to 8.5% of initial force and recovered in a biphasic manner, returning to the resting value by 40 min. Resting pHi was 7.00 +/- 0.02 (n = 37) and declined with fatigue to an average value of 6.42 at 3 min of recovery. During recovery pHi significantly increased and by 25 min had returned to the prefatigue value. The pHi recovery was highly correlated to the slow phase of Po recovery (r = 0.98, P less than 0.001). The mean resting membrane potential was -78 +/- 1.0 mV (n = 42) and at 3 min of recovery was depolarized to -67 +/- 4 mV. Both the peak rate of twitch force development (+dP/dt) (r = 0.99, P less than 0.001) and decline (-dP/dt) (r = 0.94, P less than 0.014) were highly correlated to pHi during the slow phase of recovery. Contraction time (CT) and one-half relaxation time (1/2RT) increased significantly and recovered exponentially. The recovery of CT and 1/2RT were both significantly correlated to pHi (r = -0.93, P less than 0.001 and r = -0.86, P less than 0.001 for CT and 1/2RT, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Shields, R. K. "Fatigability, relaxation properties, and electromyographic responses of the human paralyzed soleus muscle." Journal of Neurophysiology 73, no. 6 (June 1, 1995): 2195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.73.6.2195.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
1. The goal of this study was to characterize the fatigability, contractile relaxation properties, electrophysiological responses, and histochemical properties of the human paralyzed soleus muscle to determine its relative plasticity. 2. Acute (< 6 wk, n = 3) and chronic (> 1 yr, n = 10) paralyzed individuals had the tibial nerve activated with a 20-Hz square wave delivered for 330 ms every second for 4 min. The soleus muscle peak torque, one-half relaxation time (1/2RT), normalized maximum rate of relaxation (nMRR), and mass muscle action-potential amplitude (M wave) were computed every 30 s. A soleus muscle biopsy was evaluated for myosin adenosine triphosphatase enzyme (ATPase; pH 9.4, 4.6, and 4.2) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide tetrazolium reductase (NADH-TR). 3. In the chronically paralyzed group the torque was significantly reduced within 30 s of the fatigue protocol. The 1/2RT and nMRR were also significantly changed within 30 s, supporting that muscle relaxation was prolonged. No significant changes were present at comparable times during the same 4-min fatigue protocol applied to the acutely paralyzed soleus muscle. M-wave amplitude was significantly reduced in the chronic group, but only at 3 min of the fatigue protocol. Conversely, no significant changes occurred to the M waves of the acute group. 4. The correlation was high between torque and nMRR (r = 0.88-0.97) and torque and 1/2RT (r = 0.88-0.96) for each chronic subject. A close association was also found between 1/2RT and nMRR (r = 0.88-0.92) for each chronic subject. Because these variables changed minimally in the acutely paralyzed group, a lower correlation was present (r = 0.45-0.52). 5. Torque was weakly correlated to M-wave amplitude (r = 0.55) for the chronically paralyzed group. The greatest change in torque occurred at a time (0-65 s) when the least amount of change occurred in the M-wave amplitude, suggesting that the source of fatigue was within the contractile mechanism and not attributable to neuromuscular transmission compromise. 6. Despite a close association between torque and relaxation properties during fatigue of the chronically paralyzed soleus muscle, there was a significant dissociation after 5 min of recovery. Torque recovered to 60%, whereas the relaxation properties were consistently fully recovered. This suggests that the mechanism causing torque reduction covaried with the mechanism leading to prolonged relaxation during fatigue, but during recovery the two mechanisms no longer covaried. M-wave amplitude was also completely recovered at 5 min despite continued torque depression.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Okeke, Ifeanyichukwu. "Molecular Docking and Analysis of some Ligands on Var2csTargetA." Journal of Health, Medicine, and Clinical Studies 1, no. 1 (December 11, 2022): 26–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.58425/jhmcs.v1i1.84.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose: Prevalence of malaria during pregnancy and the spate of drug resistance by malaria parasites have constantly impacted maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aims to discover “in silico” non-recombinant molecules which can interact with placental chondroitin sulfate to inhibit binding or displace bound var2csA from the placenta in order to prevent pregnancy associated malaria.
Methodology: Protein data bank (rcsb.org) and PubChem were used to download the chemical structures of the receptor (3bqk) and those of the ligands. Canonical SMILES and other information about the ligands and the receptor were extracted from PubChem. Toxtree, Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (TEST), SwissADMET, Molinspiration and Lazar Toxicity Predicter were employed to test various toxicity and safety parameters of lead compounds. The structure of the macromolecule – chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) was retrieved by searching in the protein data bank (PDB) (rcsb.org/structure/3bqk); downloaded, and saved as a PDB format.
Findings: Molecular modeling and toxicity predictors used in this study indicated that among the ligands screened, IH3 had the lowest binding energy of -9.8Kcal/mol while var2csA had -2.8Kcal/mol. Var2csA is parasite’s adhesive protein. It was also observed that out of the 90 ligands (binding affinity range -9.8 to -1.0 Kcal/mol) screened, IH3 (-9.8Kcal/mol), FAD (-8.4 Kcal/mol), NDP (-8.2 Kcal/mol), A5A (-8.2 Kcal/mol), ABO (-8.1 Kcal/mol), IH2 (-7.8 Kcal/mol), 2RT (-7.7 Kcal/mol), CRO (-7.7 Kcal/mol) and IH1 (-7.7 Kcal/mol) appear to be the most promising lead compounds to occupy var2csA binding pocket in pCSA in order to prevent adhesion of malaria infected erythrocytes to the placenta. SwissADME and Molinspiration Cheminformatics for LogP (mean of 1.07 and range of -2.79 to 4.18) of the lead compounds showed no correlations between lipophilicity and interaction with receptors. Of all the compounds selected for analysis, only ABO and 2RT exhibited drug-like properties based on Ghose, Lipinski and Veber filters.
Conclusion: Data obtained from the study therefore suggests that IH3, FAD, NDP, A5A, ABO, IH2, 2RT, CRO, IH1 and var2csA make favourable lead candidates for targeting pCSA and therefore require further in vitro and in vivo evaluations.
Recommendation: This study therefore recommends the repurposing and extending the use of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) to cover prophylactic management of malaria among pregnant women.
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Wicks, K. L., and D. A. Hood. "Mitochondrial adaptations in denervated muscle: relationship to muscle performance." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 260, no. 4 (April 1, 1991): C841—C850. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1991.260.4.c841.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We have studied mitochondrial adaptations in muscle subject to chronic denervation, and their relationship to muscle performance, using a model of unilateral sciatic nerve denervation in rats over periods of 2, 5, 8, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days (n = 5-9 rats/day). Time to peak tension (TPT), one-half relaxation time (1/2RT), and endurance performance were evaluated during in situ stimulation of denervated and contralateral gastrocnemius-plantaris muscles. Denervation led to a 70% decline in muscle mass after 42 days. TPT and 1/2RT increased 17 and 30%, respectively, indicating a transformation toward slower muscle. The activities of the enzymes cytochrome-c oxidase (CYTOX), succinate dehydrogenase, and citrate synthase were decreased by 8-14 days, and by 42 days these were 34-58% of control. The mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin was reduced earlier, by 5 days, and gradually decreased to 37% of control. Thus phospholipid removal appears to precede the loss of enzyme activity during decreases in mitochondrial content. Endurance performance was reduced in parallel with decreases in enzyme activity and cardiolipin. Cytochrome c mRNA levels decreased to 52% of control by 5 days. Denervation resulted in coordinated changes in mRNA levels encoding the nuclear-derived CYTOX subunit VIc and the mitochondrially derived CYTOX subunit III. However, changes in CYTOX activity did not always parallel alterations in subunit mRNA levels. Thus transcriptional and translational mechanisms operate in regulating mitochondrial gene expression during denervation.
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Gaca-Wysocka, Magdalena, and Andrzej Grzybowski. "Application of 2RT nanopulse retinal laser in the treatment of diabetic macular edema." OphthaTherapy. Therapies in Ophthalmology 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24292/01.ot.300617.02.
Повний текст джерела
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Michel, R. N., and P. F. Gardiner. "Influence of overload on recovery of rat plantaris from partial denervation." Journal of Applied Physiology 66, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 732–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.2.732.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A functional index of neural adaptability is the capacity of motoneurons to extend and establish supernumerary connections with neighboring denervated muscle fibers. The purpose of this study was to guage this response in rat plantaris muscles subjected to increased levels of activity resulting from the surgical removal of the synergistic gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Thirty-seven days of overload increased plantaris absolute (69%) and relative (82%) weight, whole muscle (35%) and individual fiber (37%) mean cross-sectional area, half-relaxation time (1/2RT; 25%), and maximum tetanic tension (P0; 21%). In a separate group of animals that had undergone 30 days of overload, three-quarters of the plantaris muscle fibers were denervated by sectioning radicular nerve L4. At 7 days postlesion, contractile responses were obtained from sprouting motor units remaining in radicular nerve L5, and the results compared to a nonoverloaded group that had undergone this same procedure. Twitch time to peak tension and 1/2RT were prolonged in normal partially denervated (PD) and overloaded partially denervated (OPD) muscles, and this response was significantly greater in the overloaded muscles. Both PD and OPD muscles increased twitch tension (38%) and peak tension developed at 25 Hz (34%) to a similar extent, during recovery from partial denervation. These increases, attributable to sprouting of L5 motor axon collaterals, were matched in PD muscles with a corresponding increase in P0, a response which did not occur in OPD muscles. Additionally, a more extensive decrease in P0 occurred as a result of partial denervation in OPD muscles compared with whole muscle P0 of nondenervated muscle (L4 plus L5 stimulation).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Li, Hui-Juan, Xi-Ying Zhang, Chun-Xiao Chen, Yan-Jiao Zhang, Zhao-Ming Gao, Yong Yu, Xiu-Lan Chen, Bo Chen, and Yu-Zhong Zhang. "Zhongshania antarctica gen. nov., sp. nov. and Zhongshania guokunii sp. nov., gammaproteobacteria respectively isolated from coastal attached (fast) ice and surface seawater of the Antarctic." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 61, no. 9 (September 1, 2011): 2052–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.026153-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Two Gram-negative, motile, aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped strains, designated ZS5-23T and ZS6-22T, were respectively isolated from Antarctic coastal attached (fast) ice and surface seawater samples. Both strains could grow at 4–35 °C (optimum 30 °C) and in the absence of NaCl. Analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains ZS5-23T and ZS6-22T were closely related to each other (99.0 % sequence similarity) and belonged to the class Gammaproteobacteria, with their closest relatives being Spongiibacter and Melitea species (93.1–94.3 % sequence similarity). The predominant cellular fatty acids in both strains were C17 : 1ω8c, C17 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). Genomic DNA G+C contents of strains ZS5-23T and ZS6-22T were 51.5 and 51.8 mol%, respectively. The DNA–DNA relatedness between strains ZS5-23T and ZS6-22T was 50.9 %. Strains ZS5-23T and ZS6-22T could be differentiated from each other and from Spongiibacter and Melitea species by differences in a number of phenotypic properties. Based on the data presented, strains ZS5-23T and ZS6-22T represent two novel species in a new genus in the class Gammaproteobacteria, for which the names Zhongshania antarctica gen. nov., sp. nov. (the type species) and Zhongshania guokunii sp. nov. are proposed. The type strain of Zhongshania antarctica is ZS5-23T ( = KACC 14066T = CCTCC AB 209246T) and that of Zhongshania guokunii is ZS6-22T ( = KACC 14532T = CCTCC AB 209247T).
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Qiu, Xia, Zhihao Qu, Fan Jiang, Lvzhi Ren, Xulu Chang, Wenjing Kan, Chengxiang Fang, and Fang Peng. "Pedobacter huanghensis sp. nov. and Pedobacter glacialis sp. nov., isolated from Arctic glacier foreland." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 64, Pt_7 (July 1, 2014): 2431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.061648-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Two psychrotolerant, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterial strains, designed M1-27T and 8-24T, were subjected to polyphasic taxonomic studies. Strain M1-27T was isolated from the foreland of the Midtre Lovénbreen glacier, whereas strain 8-24T was isolated from the foreland of the Austre Lovénbreen glacier. Both were Arctic glacier forelands, near Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard Archipelago, Norway. Strains M1-27T and 8-24T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 91.0–96.0 % and 92.3–96.7 %, respectively, to type strains of recognized species of the genus Pedobacter . Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the two strains were grouped with members of the genus Pedobacter, but represented distinct taxa. Both strains contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone. The DNA G+C contents of strains M1-27T and 8-24T were 43.8 % and 39.4 %, respectively. The phenotypic characteristics, biochemical properties and polygenetic analysis, clearly indicated that strains M1-27T ( = CCTCC AB 2012936T = LMG 28205T) and 8-24T ( = CCTCC AB 2012941T = NRRL B-59993T) represent two novel species of the genus Pedobacter , for which the names Pedobacter huanghensis sp. nov. and Pedobacter glacialis sp. nov., respectively, are proposed.
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Wang, Congzhe, Yuefa Fang, and Hairong Fang. "Novel 2R3T and 2R2T parallel mechanisms with high rotational capability." Robotica 35, no. 2 (July 21, 2015): 401–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574715000636.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
SUMMARYLarge rotational angles about two axes for parallel mechanisms (PMs) with two rotational and three translational (2R3T) degrees of freedom (DOFs) or two rotational and two translational (2R2T) DOFs are demanded in some industries, such as parallel machine tools and multi-axis 3D printing. To address the problem, this paper focuses on the structural synthesis of new 2R3T and 2R2T PMs with high rotational capability. First, two new moving platforms are proposed based on the concepts of decoupled and configurable design. By means of the proposed platforms and Lie group theory, a series of 2R2T and 2R3T PMs are synthesized. Then the inverse kinematics and velocity relationship of one of the synthesized 2R3T PMs are presented. Finally, the rotational capability of the same 2R3T PM is analyzed. The result shows that by means of actuation redundancy, the studied 2R3T PM indeed possesses the high rotational capability about two axes, even though interferences and singularities are taken into consideration.
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Akimoto, Madoka, Kody Moleschi, Stephen Boulton, Bryan VanSchouwen, Rajeevan Selvaratnam, Susan S. Taylor, and Giuseppe Melacini. "Allosteric linkers in cAMP signalling." Biochemical Society Transactions 42, no. 1 (January 23, 2014): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20130257.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Weak interactions mediated by dynamic linkers are key determinants of allosteric regulation in multidomain signalling proteins. However, the mechanisms of linker-dependent control have remained largely elusive. In the present article, we review an allosteric model introduced recently to explain how signalling proteins effectively sense and respond to weak interactions, such as those elicited by flexible linkers flanking globular domains. Central to this model is the idea that near degeneracy within the free energy landscape of conformational selection maximally amplifies the response to weak (~2RT), but conformation-selective interactions. The model was tested as proof of principle using the prototypical regulatory subunit (R) of protein kinase A and led to the unanticipated finding that dynamic linkers control kinase activation and inhibition by tuning the inhibitory pre-equilibrium of a minimally populated intermediate (apo R). A practical implication of the proposed model is a new strategy to design kinase inhibitors with enhanced potency through frustration-relieving mutations.
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Asenso, Evans, Jiuhao Li, Lian Hu, Fuseini Issaka, Kai Tian, Lina Zhang, Luyong Zhang, and Haibo Chen. "Tillage Effects on Soil Biochemical Properties and Maize Grown in Latosolic Red Soil of Southern China." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2018 (October 8, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8426736.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Based on the hypothesis that soil biochemical and maize yield components should be affected by different tillage methods, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of subsoiling (SS), two passes of rotary tillage (2RT), two passes of rotary tillage + subsoiling (2RTSS), and zero tillage (ZT) on distribution of organic C, available NPK and soil enzyme, and its effects on maize yield in latosolic red soil of southern China in 2016 and 2017. ZT treatment had significantly higher organic C and available NPK than the other treatments, whereas the SS treatment had higher concentration of soil urease, catalase, and acid phosphatase. Also, maximum grain yield, dry matter, harvest index, and 1000-grain weight were recorded under SS treatment. Overall, although ZT facilitated more organic C and available NPK, soil with ZT had lower soil enzyme and maize yield components compared to SS treatment, and therefore SS treatment could be exploited as a strategy for soil health and productivity resulting in a sustainable agricultural system.
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Pagacz, Dominika. "Efficacy of ranibizumab therapy combined with 2RT laser the wet form of age-related macular degeneration – a case report." OphthaTherapy. Therapies in Ophthalmology 5, no. 20 (December 31, 2018): 224–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24292/01.ot.311218.02.
Повний текст джерела
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Czechowicz-Janicka, Krystyna. "The results of 3- and 6-month follow up in patients with dry AMD treated with 2RT laser." OphthaTherapy. Therapies in Ophthalmology 4, no. 3 (September 29, 2017): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24292/01.ot.290917.06.
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Lee, Soo-Young, Sooyeon Park, Tae-Kwang Oh, and Jung-Hoon Yoon. "Winogradskyella aquimaris sp. nov., isolated from seawater." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 62, Pt_8 (August 1, 2012): 1814–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.034090-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A Gram-negative, non-flagellated, motile by gliding, aerobic rod, designated DPG-24T, was isolated from seawater of Geoje Island in the South Sea, Korea. Strain DPG-24T grew optimally at 30–37 °C, at pH 7.0–7.5 and with 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain DPG-24T belonged to the genus Winogradskyella and clustered with Winogradskyella poriferorum UST030701-295T and Winogradskyella exilis 022-2-26T. Strain DPG-24T exhibited 97.6 and 95.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with W. poriferorum UST030701-295T and W. exilis 022-2-26T, respectively, and 92.4–95.7 % with other members of the genus Winogradskyella . Strain DPG-24T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified lipid, one unidentified aminolipid and one unidentified phospholipid. The DNA G+C content was 36.7 mol%. DNA–DNA relatedness between the isolate and W. poriferorum JCM 12885T was 10.8 %. The differential phenotypic properties and phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness enabled strain DPG-24T to be differentiated from recognized members of the genus Winogradskyella . On the basis of the data presented, strain DPG-24T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Winogradskyella , for which the name Winogradskyella aquimaris sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is DPG-24T ( = KCTC 23502T = CCUG 60798T).
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Webster, D. M. S., and B. H. Bressler. "Changes in isometric contractile properties of extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles of C57BL/6J mice following denervation." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 63, no. 6 (June 1, 1985): 681–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y85-113.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study, conducted on mice of the C57BL/6J+/+ strain, we investigated the differential effects of denervation on the isometric contractile properties of the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus (SOL) muscles. The contractile properties were studied at 1, 28, 84, and 210 days following unilateral section of the sciatic nerve at 12 weeks of age. When isometric tetanus tension was expressed relative to wet weight, the denervated SOL showed an earlier and more pronounced loss in tension generating capacity than the EDL. Both the denervated SOL and EDL showed potentiation of the twitch tension at 28 days postdenervation. The time to peak twitch tension (TTP) and the time to half-relaxation (1/2RT) were prolonged by 28 days postdenervation in both muscles. This trend continued to the oldest age-groups studied in the EDL, but reached an apparent plateau in the SOL at 84 days postdenervation. In response to fatigue, the denervated SOL showed a marked decrease in resistance to fatigue at 1 day but a relatively normal response thereafter, whereas the denervated EDL showed an increase in resistance to fatigue at and beyond the 28-day period. In spite of the fact that the total contraction time of both muscles increased following denervation, the predominantly oxidative SOL remained a slower contracting muscle than the more glycolytic EDL.
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Elezovic, Nevenka, Biljana Babic, Nedeljko Krstajic, Snezana Gojkovic, and Ljiljana Vracar. "Temperature dependence of the kinetics of oxygen reduction on carbon-supported pt nanoparticles." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 73, no. 6 (2008): 641–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0806641e.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The temperature dependence of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was studied on highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles supported on a carbon cryo-gel. The specific surface area of the support was 517 m2 g-1, the Pt particles diameter was about 2.7 nm and the loading of the catalyst was 20 wt.%. The kinetics of the ORR at the Pt/C electrode was examined in 0.50 mol dm-3 HClO4 solution in the temperature range from 274 to 318 K. At all temperatures, two distinct E-log j regions were observed; at low current densities with a slope of -2.3RT/F and at high current densities with a slope of -2.3?2RT/F. In order to confirm the mechanism of oxygen reduction previously suggested at a polycrystalline Pt and a Pt/Ebonex nanostructured electrode, the apparent enthalpies of activation at selected potentials vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode were calculated in both current density regions. Although ?H ?a,1 > ?H ?a,h , it was a,1 a, h found that the enthalpies of activation at the zero Galvani potential difference were the same and hence it could be concluded that the rate-determining step of the ORR was the same in both current density regions. The synthesized Pt/C catalyst showed a small enhancement in the catalytic activity for ORR in comparison to the polycrystalline Pt, but no change in the mechanism of the reaction.
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Al-Qassem, Hussain, and Ahmad Al-Salman. "Rough Marcinkiewicz integral operators." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 27, no. 8 (2001): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171201006548.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We study the Marcinkiewicz integral operatorM𝒫f(x)=(∫−∞∞|∫|y|≤2tf(x−𝒫(y))(Ω(y)/|y|n−1)dy|2dt/22t)1/2, where𝒫is a polynomial mapping fromℝnintoℝdandΩis a homogeneous function of degree zero onℝnwith mean value zero over the unit sphereSn−1. We prove anLpboundedness result ofM𝒫for roughΩ.
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Keh-Evans, L., C. L. Rice, E. G. Noble, D. H. Paterson, D. A. Cunningham, and A. W. Taylor. "Comparison of Histochemical, Biochemical and Contractile Properties of Triceps Surae of Trained Aged Subjects." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 11, no. 4 (1992): 412–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980800006929.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
RÉSUMÉL'étude avait pour but de comparer les propriétés contractiles, histochimiques et biochimiques du muscle triceps sural de 13 sujets mâles âgés de 63 à 76 ayant suivi un entrâinement aérobique. Une stimulation électrique fut appliquée au muscle triceps sural des sujets afin de déterminer les paramètres de secousse musculaire élémentaire, de tétanisation et de fatigue. Ces tests ont permis de calculer la tension de secousse musculaire (Pt), la tension TPT, le demi-temps de relaxation (1/2RT), les tensions tétaniques à 10(Po10), 20(Po20) et 50(Po50) Hz et un indice de fatigue (FI). Des échantillons du faisceau externe des muscles jumeaux du triceps furent prélevés par biopsie par aspiration. Une partie de chaque échantillon fut soumise à un examen histochimique afin de mesurer la myosine ATPasique (pH 4,30, 4,58 et 10,00) et la NADH-tétrazolium réductase et de pouvoir ainsi déterminer les zones fibreuses. Le reste de l'échantillon fut analysé afin de déceler l'activité enzymatique des déhydrogénase succinique et phosphofructokinase. D'importantes corrélations furent établies entre les zones fibreuses (ST et FI) et Po10/Po50 et FI. Par contre, pour aucun des paramètres histochimiques, on n'a relevé de lien significatif entre la Pt, la 172RT et le MVC. L'activité des SDH et PFK n'était corrélative à aucun paramètre histochimique ou psychologique. La fait de faire régulièrement des exercices d'endurance ne semble pas freiner le déclin des propriétés contractiles propres au vieillissement. Les activités enzymatiques régulatrices de substrat (PKF) et celles de marqueur (SDH) des muscles squelettiques sont plus faibles chez les personnes âgées que les sujets plus jeunes, et ce, en dépit du fait que les sujets s'adonnent à des exercices aérobiques.
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Thomas, C. K., B. Bigland-Ritchie, G. Westling, and R. S. Johansson. "A comparison of human thenar motor-unit properties studied by intraneural motor-axon stimulation and spike-triggered averaging." Journal of Neurophysiology 64, no. 4 (October 1, 1990): 1347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1990.64.4.1347.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
1. Measurements of twitch contractile properties of human motor units recorded by spike-triggered averaging may be distorted by partial fusion between twitches, because motor units seldom fire at rates below 8-10 Hz. The effects of this fusion were examined by comparing the responses of 27 human thenar motor units when their motor axons were stimulated at 1, 8, and 10 Hz. 2. Resultant forces were calculated from the abduction and flexion force components, together with various contraction and relaxation rate indexes as reported previously. Values for single twitches were compared to measurements made from the unfused force fluctuations ("apparent twitches") of the same units recorded during 8 and 10 Hz stimulation. 3. For all units, stimulation at 8 and 10 Hz caused partial twitch fusion. At 10 Hz, mean values for "apparent twitch" forces, contraction times (CT), and one-half relaxation times (1/2RT) were reduced to 44, 76, and 52% of the corresponding values measured from separate twitches evoked by 1 Hz stimulation. Similar but smaller reductions were seen at 8 Hz. 4. Slow units, with initial twitch CT greater than 60 ms, showed significantly more distortion of all "apparent twitch" parameters when stimulated at both 8 and 10 Hz, compared to fast units (less than 50 ms). 5. The potentiated abduction force component data were compared with abduction forces obtained previously by spike-triggered averaging from the same muscle group. Mean force obtained by spike-triggered averaging ("STA twitch" force: 21 mN) was significantly larger than that measured in abduction in response to either 1 or 10 Hz motor-axon stimulation (14 mN, 6 mN, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Muurholm, Sören, Sylvie Cousin, Orsola Päuker, Evelyne Brambilla, and Erko Stackebrandt. "Pedobacter duraquae sp. nov., Pedobacter westerhofensis sp. nov., Pedobacter metabolipauper sp. nov., Pedobacter hartonius sp. nov. and Pedobacter steynii sp. nov., isolated from a hard-water rivulet." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 57, no. 10 (October 1, 2007): 2221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.65166-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Five isolates that were related phylogenetically to members of the genus Pedobacter were isolated from freshwater of the hard-water creek Westerhöfer Bach, North Germany. The five strains (WB 2.1-25T, WB 2.3-71T, WB 3.3-3T, WB 3.3-22T and WB 2.3-45T) were Gram-negative and chemoheterotrophic, with rod-shaped cells. Most of their metabolic properties matched those given in the description of the genus Pedobacter. Consistent with the genus description, their fatty acids included mainly iso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c, iso-C15 : 0 2-OH or both); C16 : 1 ω5c, C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 0 3-OH and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH were present in smaller amounts. The major isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone 7. With one exception, binary similarity values of the almost complete 16S rRNA gene sequences determined among the isolates as well as between the isolates and type strains of Pedobacter species were lower than 98.5 %. The only exception was the close relationship between Pedobacter caeni DSM 16990T and strain WB 2.3-45T (99.2 % similarity). DNA–DNA reassociation values determined for this pair of strains was 29.8 %, indicating that strain WB 2.3-45T represents a unique genospecies. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strains WB 2.1-25T and WB 2.3-71T form a group that is moderately related to P. caeni and strain WB 2.3-45T (98.5 % similarity). Strains WB 3.3-3T and WB 3.3-22T (98.5 % similarity) branched separately from these four organisms. The five phylogenetically isolated strains differed from each other as well as from the type strain of the type species (Pedobacter heparinus DSM 2366T) and some related representatives of the genus in several metabolic reactions and cultural parameters. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic distinctiveness, five novel species are proposed: Pedobacter duraquae sp. nov., with WB 2.1-25T (=DSM 19034T=CIP 109481T) as the type strain; Pedobacter westerhofensis sp. nov., with WB 3.3-22T (=DSM 19036T=CIP 109479T) as the type strain; Pedobacter metabolipauper sp. nov., with WB 2.3-71T (=DSM 19035T=CIP 109480T) as the type strain; Pedobacter hartonius sp. nov., with WB 3.3-3T (=DSM 19033T=CIP 109468T) as the type strain; and Pedobacter steynii sp. nov., with WB 2.3-45T (=DSM 19110T=CIP 109507T) as the type strain.
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Wing, John. "Measuring Outcomes in the Mental Health Services. By Susie Green. Discussion Paper No. 29 Health Services Management Centre, 40 Edgbaston Park Road, Birmingham B15 2RT. 1992. Pp 80." Psychiatric Bulletin 17, no. 6 (June 1993): 380–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.17.6.380-a.
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Hanna, Verina, Jonathan Oakley, Daniel Russakoff, and Netan Choudhry. "Effects of subthreshold nanosecond laser therapy in age-related macular degeneration using artificial intelligence (STAR-AI Study)." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 29, 2021): e0250609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250609.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose To investigate changes in retinal thickness, drusen volume, and visual acuity following subthreshold nanosecond laser (SNL) treatment in patients with age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). Design Retrospective chart review. Methods Patients with intermediate ARMD treated with a single session of SNL (2RT®, Ellex R&D Pty Ltd, Adelaide, Australia) were included. Swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging (Triton; Topcon Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) was performed within 6 months before and after SNL treatment. Retinal layers were segmented using the artificial intelligence-enabled Orion® software (Voxeleron LLC, San Francisco, USA). The macular region was analyzed according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study map. Mean difference and standard deviation in baseline and post-treatment retinal layer thicknesses are reported. Results 37 eyes from 25 patients were included in this study (mean age 74.7±9.2 years). An average of 51±6 spots were applied around the macula of each study eye, with a mean spot power of 0.33±0.04mJ. Increases in total retinal thickness were observed within the outer temporal and inferior sectors (P<0.05). Within the annulus, there was an increase in thickness of the sub-retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) space [0.88±2.41μm, P = 0.03], defined between the RPE and Bruch’s membrane. An increase in thickness of 1.13±2.55μm (P = 0.01) was also noted in the inferior sector of the photoreceptor complex, defined from the inner and outer segment junction to the RPE. Decreases in thickness were observed within the superior sector of the inner nuclear layer (INL) [-1.08±2.55μm, P = 0.01], and within the annulus of the outer nuclear layer (ONL) [-1.44±3.55μm, P = 0.02]. Conclusions At 6 months post-SNL treatment, there were sectoral increases in OPL, photoreceptor complex, and sub-RPE space thicknesses and sectoral decreases in INL and ONL thicknesses. This pilot study demonstrates the utility of OCT combined with artificial intelligence-enabled software to track retinal changes that occur following SNL treatment in intermediate ARMD.
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Clerici, A., and A. Gomboc. "A study on tidal disruption event dynamics around an Sgr A*-like massive black hole." Astronomy & Astrophysics 642 (October 2020): A111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202037641.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Context. The number of observed tidal disruption events is increasing rapidly with the advent of new surveys. Thus, it is becoming increasingly important to improve tidal disruption event models using different stellar and orbital parameters. Aims. We study the dynamical behaviour of tidal disruption events produced by an Sgr A*-like massive black hole by changing different initial orbital parameters, taking into account the observed orbits of S stars. Investigating different types of orbits and penetration factors is important since their variations lead to different timescales of the tidal disruption event debris dynamics, making mechanisms such as self-crossing and pancaking act strongly or weakly and thus affecting the circularisation and accretion disc formation. Methods. We performed smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations. Each simulation consisted of modelling the star with 105 particles, and the density profile is described by a polytrope with γ = 5/3. The massive black hole was modelled with a generalised post-Newtonian potential, which takes into account the relativistic effects of the Schwarzschild space-time. Results. Our analyses find that mass return rate distributions of solar-like stars and S-like stars with the same eccentricities have similar durations, but S-like stars have higher mass return rate distributions, as expected due to their larger masses. Regarding debris circularisation, we identify four types of evolution related to the mechanisms and processes involved during circularisation: in type 1, the debris does not circularise efficiently, hence a disc is not formed or is formed after a relatively long time; in type 2, the debris slowly circularises and eventually forms a disc with no debris falling back; in type 3, the debris circularises relatively quickly and forms a disc while there is still debris falling back; in type 4, the debris quickly and efficiently circularises, mainly through self-crossings and shocks, and forms a disc with no debris falling back. Finally, we find that the standard relation of circularisation radius rcirc = 2rt holds only for β = 1 and eccentricities close to parabolic.
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Liu, Wei, and Hongzhao Liu. "Synthesis of asymmetric parallel mechanism with multiple 3-DOF motion modes." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 14, no. 2 (February 2022): 168781402210753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878140221075309.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A method for designing asymmetric multi-mode parallel mechanism is proposed. Parallel mechanisms with 2R1T and 2T1R motion modes are synthesized by using displacement manifold theory. Based on the parallel mechanism, a kind of mechanism with hybrid variable DOF kinematic chain is proposed. The DOF characteristics of the mechanism in the process of motion mode transformation are analyzed by using screw theory, and the rationality of the selection of driving pairs in different motion modes is verified. The results show that the mechanism with hybrid variable DOF kinematic chain has 3R, 2T1R, and 2R1T motion modes. When the mechanism is in the general configuration of the four motion modes mentioned above, three driving pairs can control the mechanism. When the mechanism is in the transformation configuration having 2R2T or 3R1T instantaneous DOF, an additional auxiliary driving pair is needed to control the mechanism. The mechanism can realize multiple motion modes by using fewer driving pairs. It does not need to reassemble the mechanism when the motion mode is changed.
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Bowman, Kimberly S., Rachael E. Dupré, Fred A. Rainey, and William M. Moe. "Clostridium hydrogeniformans sp. nov. and Clostridium cavendishii sp. nov., hydrogen-producing bacteria from chlorinated solvent-contaminated groundwater." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 60, no. 2 (February 1, 2010): 358–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.013169-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Four hydrogen-producing, aerotolerant, anaerobic bacterial strains isolated from chlorinated solvent-contaminated groundwater were characterized using a polyphasic approach. Three of the strains, designated BL-18, BL-19 and BL-20T, were found to be identical in 16S rRNA gene sequences and in phenotypic properties. Cells of these strains are Gram-positive-staining, spore-forming, motile rods with peritrichous flagella. Growth occurred at 15–40 °C, pH 5.0–10.0 and at NaCl concentrations up to 5 % (w/v). Acid was produced in fermentation of cellobiose, fructose, galactose (weak), glucose, maltose and salicin. Products of fermentation in PYG medium were acetate, butyrate, ethanol, formate, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Dominant cellular fatty acids when grown in PYG medium were C13 : 0 iso, C16 : 0, C13 : 0 anteiso, C15 : 0 iso and C15 : 0 anteiso. The genomic DNA G+C content was 30.4 mol%. These isolates can be differentiated from their closest phylogenetic relative, the cluster I Clostridium species Clostridium frigidicarnis (97.2 % similar to the type strain in 16S rRNA gene sequence), on the basis of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties. The other strain characterized in this study, BL-28T, was Gram-positive-staining with spore-forming, rod-shaped cells. Growth occurred at 15–46 °C, pH 6.0–8.5 and at NaCl concentrations up to 3 % (w/v). Acid was produced from cellobiose, dextran, fructose (weak), glucose, maltose, salicin and trehalose. End products of PYG fermentation included acetate, butyrate, pyruvate, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Dominant cellular fatty acids from cells grown in PYG medium at 30 °C were C14 : 0, C14 : 0 dimethyl aldehyde, C16 : 0 and C12 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 28.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain BL-28T falls within cluster I of the genus Clostridium, but with ≤95.2 % identity with previously described species. On the basis of results presented here, strains BL-20T (=NRRL B-51348T =DSM 21757T) and BL-28T (=NRRL B-51352T =DSM 21758T) are proposed as the type strains of novel species of the genus Clostridium with the names Clostridium hydrogeniformans sp. nov. and Clostridium cavendishii sp. nov., respectively.
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LO, Naysim, Hyo Jung Kang, and Che Ok Jeon. "Zhongshania aliphaticivorans sp. nov., an aliphatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated from marine sediment, and transfer of Spongiibacter borealis Jang et al. 2011 to the genus Zhongshania as Zhongshania borealis comb. nov." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 64, Pt_11 (November 1, 2014): 3768–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.068593-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A Gram-staining-negative, facultatively aerobic bacterium, designated SM-2T, was isolated from a sea-tidal flat of Yellow Sea, South Korea. Cells were catalase- and oxidase-positive motile rods with a single polar flagellum. Growth of strain SM-2T was observed at 10–37 °C (optimum, 25–30 °C), at pH 5.5–8.5 (optimum, pH 7.0–7.5) and in the presence of 0–11 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2 %). Strain SM-2T contained ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) as the sole isoprenoid quinone and C17 : 1ω8c, summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C17 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c as the major fatty acids. Phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified lipid were identified as the major cellular polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 52.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SM-2T formed a tight phyletic lineage with Zhongshania antarctica ZS5-23T, Zhongshania guokunii ZS6-22T and Spongiibacter borealis CL-AS9T, but that S. borealis CL-AS9T was distinct from other species of the genus Spongiibacter . Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, strain SM-2T was most closely related to S. borealis CL-AS9T, Z. antarctica ZS5-23T and Z. guokunii ZS6-22T, with similarities of 99.5 %, 98.9 % and 98.7 %, respectively, but the DNA–DNA hybridization values among these species were clearly lower than 70 %. On the basis of chemotaxonomic data and molecular properties, we propose strain SM-2T represents a novel species of the genus Zhongshania with the name Zhongshania aliphaticivorans sp. nov. (type strain SM-2T = KACC 18120T = JCM 30138T). We also propose the transfer of Spongiibacter borealis Jang et al. 2011 to the genus Zhongshania as Zhongshania borealis comb. nov. (type strain CL-AS9T = KCCM 90094T = JCM 17304T).
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Spiridoniv, Ivan S., Nikolay F. Ushmarin, Nadezhda A. Semenova, Sergey I. Sandalov, and Nikolay I. Koltsov. "Influence of technological additive TsD-12 on the properties of heat-aggressive resistant rubber for sealing elements." Butlerov Communications 64, no. 10 (October 31, 2020): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/20-64-10-94.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article presents the results of a study of the effect of the technological active additive СD-12, which is a combination of zinc salts of fatty acids, on the physical and mechanical properties and resistance to aggressive media of rubber for sealing elements of packer-anchor equipment. The rubber mixture was prepared on the basis of hydrogenated nitrile-butadiene rubber Therban 3406, vulcanizing agent Novoperox BP-40, coagents for vulcanization of zinc monomethacrylate and oligoester acrylates MGF-9 and TGM-3, antioxidants Naugard 445 and agidol-2, fillers of technical carbon P 514 and T 900, filler dispersant stearic acid, rosin softener and other ingredients. To stabilize the physical and mechanical properties of vulcanizates, uniform dispersion of rubber components, reduce viscosity and improve vulcanization properties, a technological additive CD-12 was also introduced into the rubber mixture. The rubber mixture was prepared in a laboratory SKI-3L rubber mixer at a temperature not exceeding 70 °C for 7 min. The resulting mixture was vulcanized on a PV-100-2RT-2-PCD vulcanization press at a temperature of 150 °C for 60 minutes and then further vulcanized in a thermostat at a temperature of 160 °C for 6 hours. For the obtained vulcanizates, the physical and mechanical properties and resistance to the action of aggressive media were determined according to the standards existing in the rubber industry. On the basis of a rubber mixture heat-aggressive persistent sealing elements with a hardness of 70±5 Shore A units were made. These sealing elements as part of two sets of packer-anchor equipment were tested for tightness in a casing string simulator. The tests were carried out in an environment of PMS-200 polymethylsiloxane fluid at a temperature of 150 °C, an axial load of 6 tons and a pressure of 70 MPa. It is shown that both sets of packers have passed the tests and meet the requirements. The developed rubber mixture with a hardness of 70±5 Shore A units, containing the process additive СD-12, can be used for the manufacture of sealing elements for packers used in the oil and gas industry.
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Chernook, Anastasiya G., Mikhail S. Bazhenov, Pavel Yu Kroupin, Aleksey S. Ermolaev, Aleksandra Yu Kroupina, Milena Vukovic, Sergey M. Avdeev, Gennady I. Karlov, and Mikhail G. Divashuk. "Compensatory Effect of the ScGrf3-2R Gene in Semi-Dwarf Spring Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack)." Plants 11, no. 22 (November 9, 2022): 3032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11223032.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The dwarfness in many triticale cultivars is provided by the dominant Ddw1 (Dominant dwarf 1) allele found in rye. However, along with conferring semi-dwarf phenotype to improve resistance to lodging, this gene also reduces grain size and weight and delays heading and flowering. Grf (Growth-regulating factors) genes are plant-specific transcription factors that regulate plant growth, including stem growth, in terms of length and thickness, and leaf and fruit size. In this work, we partially sequenced the rye gene ScGrf3 on chromosome 2R homologous to the wheat Grf3 gene, and found multiple polymorphisms in intron 3 and exon 4 complying with two alternative alleles (haplotypes ScGrf3-2Ra and ScGrf3-2Rb). For the identification of these, we developed a codominant PCR marker. Using a new marker, we studied the effect of ScGrf3-2R alleles in combination with the Ddw1 dwarf gene on economically valuable traits in F4 and F5 recombinant lines of spring triticale from the hybrid combination Valentin 90 x Dublet, grown in the Non-Chernozem zone for 2 years. Allele ScGrf3-2Ra was associated with greater thousand-grain weight, higher spike productivity, and earlier heading and flowering, which makes ScGrf3-2R a perspective compensator for negative effects of Ddw1 on these traits and increases prospects for its involvement in breeding semi-dwarf cultivars of triticale.
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Sukowati, S., and V. Baimai. "A standard cytogenetic map for Anopheles sundaicus (Diptera: Culicidae) and evidence for chromosomal differentiation in populations from Thailand and Indonesia." Genome 39, no. 1 (February 1, 1996): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g96-022.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A standard photographic map of polytene chromosomes of Anopheles sundaicus was constructed from ovarian nurse cells and is described herein. Polytene chromosomes of wild specimens collected from 9 different geographical areas in Thailand and Indonesia have been analyzed. Specimens from these populations appear to share banding patterns with standard gene arrangements, except for some specimens from Purworejo, in Central Java, and South Tapanuli and Asahan, both of North Sumatra, which exhibited distinct banding patterns at the tip of chromosome X (Xb) compared with the standard sequence (Xa). Moreover, some specimens collected from Asahan, North Sumatra, consistently showed distinct loosely diffuse bands in zone 19 of chromosome arm 2R (2Rb) compared with the standard banding patterns (2Ra). The existence of the 2Rb pattern correlates perfectly with the presence of an extra block of centromeric heterochromatin in autosome 2 as revealed by mitotic karyotype analysis (2n = 6). These cytological differences have led to the recognition of 3 distinct forms, viz., A, B, and C, within the taxon An. sundaicus. In addition, forms A and C show a normal size for chromosome Y, (Y1), while form B has a relatively larger type of chromosome Y, (Y2). Form A is widely distributed in Thailand and Indonesia, while form B has been found in North Sumatra and Central Java. Form C, however, has been found only in Asahan, North Sumatra. Key words : Anopheles sundaicus, polytene chromosome map, mitotic karyotype, chromosomal differentiation.
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Darus, Maslina, and Imran Faisal. "Some subclasses of analytic functions of complex order defined by new differential operator." Tamkang Journal of Mathematics 43, no. 2 (June 30, 2012): 223–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5556/j.tkjm.43.2012.740.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Let \hskip 2pt $\mathcal{A}(n)$ \hskip 2pt denote \hskip 2pt the \hskip 2pt class \hskip 2pt of \hskip 2pt analytic \hskip 2pt functions \hskip 2pt $f$ \hskip 2pt in \hskip 2pt the \hskip 2pt open \hskip 2pt unit \hskip 2pt disk \hskip 2pt $U=\{z:|z|<1\}$ \hskip 2pt normalized \hskip 2pt by \hskip 2pt $f(0)=f'(0)-1=0.$ \hskip 2pt In \hskip 2pt this \hskip 2pt paper, \hskip 2pt we \hskip 2pt introduce \hskip 2pt and \hskip 2pt study \hskip 2pt the \hskip 2pt classes \hskip 2pt $S_{n, \mu}(\gamma, \alpha, \beta, \lambda, \mho)$ \hskip 2pt and \hskip 2pt $R_{n, \mu}(\gamma, \alpha, \beta, \lambda, \mho)$ \hskip 2pt of \hskip 2pt functions \hskip 2pt $f\in\mathcal{A}(n)$ with $(\mu)z(D^{\mho+2}_{\lambda}(\alpha, \omega)f(z))'+(1-\mu)z(D^{\mho+1}_{\lambda}(\alpha, \omega)f(z))'\neq0$ and satisfy some conditions available in literature, where $f\in\mathcal{A}(n), \alpha, \omega, \lambda, \mu \geq0, \mho\in \mathbb{N}\cup\{0\},\,\,z\in U,$ and $D^{m}_{\lambda}(\alpha, \omega)f(z): \mathcal{A}\rightarrow \mathcal{A},$ is the linear fractional differential operator, newly defined as follows $$D^{m}_{\lambda}(\alpha, \omega)f(z) = z+ \sum\limits_{k=2}^{\infty}a_{k}(1+(k-1)\lambda \omega^{\alpha})^{m}z^{k}\cdot$$ Several properties such as coefficient estimates, growth and distortion theorems, extreme points, integral means inequalities and inclusion for the functions included in the classes $S_{n, \mu}(\gamma, \alpha, \beta, \lambda, \mho, \omega)$ and $R_{n, \mu}(\gamma, \alpha, \beta, \lambda, \mho, \omega)$ are given.
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Felices, Martin, Todd Lenvik, Dave Ankarlo, Julie Curtsinger, Jakub Tolar, Bruce R. Blazar, Stephen Anderson, and Jeffrey S. Miller. "Education and Cytokine Receptor Balance Play a Critical Role in Long Term Survival of the Most Differentiated Natural Killer (NK) Cells." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 2148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2148.2148.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Abstract 2148 NK cells can effectively treat advanced acute myelogenous leukemia if they survive and maintain functional competency after adoptive transfer. In the peripheral blood of healthy human donors the balance between Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor positive (KIR+) NK cells, which are more differentiated and functional in terms of tumor killing and cytokine production, and KIR− NK cells is maintained by proliferation, differentiation, and survival. The mechanism that governs this process is largely unknown. Given that we and others have shown that KIR− NK cells proliferate better than KIR+ NK cells with IL-15 in vitro, we chose to study whether the balance between these two subsets could be maintained by enhanced survival of KIR+ NK cells. To explore this further, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy human donors were put in serum free conditions overnight and NK cell survival was assessed. A significantly larger proportion of the KIR− NK cells died (33±2.41%) compared to well characterized KIR+ NK cells: KIR2DL1/DS1 (8.9±1.22%), KIR2DL2/DL3 (6.7±0.51%), and KIR3DL1 (6.1±0.95%) (all P < 0.0001). A similar effect was seen when looking at Annexin V+ cells that still had membrane integrity. In order to further understand why KIR+ NK cells exhibited superior survival, we quantified expression of anti-apoptotic markers and found that KIR-expressing NK cells express more Bcl-xL, by Q-PCR and Western blotting. They also express more Bcl-2, by Q-PCR and flow median fluorescence intensity (MFI), particularly when the cells are treated with IL-15 overnight (P ≤ 0.0005). We next investigated expression of cell death family receptors Fas and Fas-Ligand (FasL). Under every condition tested Fas was expressed at significantly higher levels in the KIR− NK cells (P ≤ 0.03). FasL on the other hand was only expressed at higher levels in KIR− NK cells post 60 hrs in culture alone or with IL-2 but not IL-15. Although NK cells can signal through IL-7 or IL-2, only IL-15 mouse knockouts demonstrate a complete deficit of NK cells. Both IL-15 and IL-2 signal through 2 common shared components, IL-2Rb and the common g chain, and an individual cytokine specific component, IL-2Ra for IL-2 and IL-15Ra for IL-15. Interestingly, although all the components for IL-2 signaling are present on the NK cell, IL-15Ra bound to IL-15 is presented in trans from other cells or in complexes in order to achieve IL-15 signaling in NK cells, thereby discarding the necessity for IL-15Ra expression on the NK cell itself. Based on this information, the expression of all of these components was evaluated on KIR+ and KIR− NK cells. We found that IL-2Ra is expressed, by MFI, at statistically significant lower levels (P ≤ 0.0023) on KIR+ NK cells when compared to KIR− NK cells. In contrast, the common g chain is expressed, by MFI, at statistically higher levels (P < 0.0001) on KIR+ NK cells. No statistical differences were seen in IL-15Ra and IL-2Rb expression. We hypothesized that competition for common components, IL-2Rb and the common g chain, between IL-2Ra and IL-15Ra (in trans) plays a role in regulating survival through IL-15. In agreement with this premise, IL-2Ralo NK cells died significantly less than IL-2Rahi NK cells with transpresentation of IL-15 (3.5±1.5% vs. 30.8±2.6%, P = 0.0025). Transient overexpression of IL-2Ra ablates this enhanced survival. Finally we wanted to see if the educational status of the NK cell has a role in its survival. Of the KIR+ NK cells the educated NK cells, which have KIRs corresponding to self-ligands, represent the most differentiated and functional subset. We found that educated NK cells consistently had more Bcl-2 than uneducated NK cells (P ≤ 0.0021). This was associated with enhanced common g chain expression in the educated NK cell population (P = 0.0001). Previous studies have shown that CD57+ NK cells are long lived. We show here that educated NK cells had a statistically larger proportion and density of CD57 expression on a per cell basis (P < 0.0001). These data indicate that educated NK cells could survive better, through enhanced Bcl-2 upregulation, and persist longer, as determined by CD57 expression, than their uneducated counterparts. In summary we find that the mechanism for maintenance of more differentiated NK cells involves enhanced cell survival and differential responses to cytokines limited by the alpha chains of IL-2 and IL-15, which may be manipulated for therapeutic purposes. Disclosures: Miller: Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Coronado Bioscience: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.
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Tyshchuk, E. V., V. A. Mikhailova, S. A. Selkov, and D. I. Sokolov. "Natural killer cells: origin, phenotype, function." Medical Immunology (Russia) 23, no. 6 (December 20, 2021): 1207–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-nkc-2330.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Natural killer cells (NK) are innate immune lymphocytes produced in the bone marrow. Isolation of NK cells as a separate population of lymphocytes is related to discovery of their ability to induce the death of tumor cells without prior sensitization. In this review, an attempt was made to systematize the numerous data on the biology of NK cells presented in the literature. The authors consider the stages of NK cells` differentiation from a common lymphoid progenitor (CLP) in the bone marrow, describe two functionally different populations of mature NK cells – CD56brightCDl6- and CD56dimCD16+. In addition, the role of cytokines and chemokines in the development of NK cells is discussed. The review includes data on the spectrum of molecules expressed by NK cells: adhesion molecules (LFA-1, LFA-2, LFA-3; αMβ2, αXβ2, L-selectin, VLA-4, VLA-5; PECAM-1; CEACAM-1), cytokine receptors (IL-1R, IL-2ra, IL-2Rb/IL-2Rc, IL-6Rα, IL-7Ra, IL-8R, IL-10R, IL-12Rβ1, IL-15ra, IL-18R, IL-21ra, IFNGR2, TGFBR, c-Kit, CXCR1, CXCR3, CXCR4, CCR4, CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, IChemR23, CX3CR1), as well as receptors that regulate the activity of NK cells (LILRB1, LILRB2, LILRB4; KIR2DL1-5; KIR2DS1-5; KIR3DL1-3; KIR3DS1; NKG2A, NKG2C, NKG2D; Siglec7, Siglec9; CD16; NKRP-1; TIGIT; TACTILE; NKp30, NKp44, NKp46, NKp80; LAIR-1; PD-1; TIM-3; 2B4; TLR1-9). The authors also examine the mechanisms of implementing cytotoxic activity by NK cells, including cytotoxicity, via expression of MHC-I-specific receptors, CD16 Fc receptors, receptors and ligands of apoptosis (Fas-FasL and TRAIL-TRAILR) as well as other receptors. The review describes in detail the structure of immunological synapse between the NK cell and target cell, receptor interactions, and the role of the cytoskeleton in its formation. The data are summarized on the variants of exocytosis of lytic granules by NK cells, including complete or partial fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane, exocytosis of vesicles containing perforin and FasL, and the formation of microvesicles containing granzyme B. The review also describes data on ability of NK cells to maintain activated state for a long time, as well as to maintain contact with several targets at the same time. In addition to the functions inherent in natural killers as cells of innate immunity, the authors point out their ability to exhibit the features of cells of adaptive immunity. In general, a variety of mechanisms that regulate the activity of NK cells may complement the specific functions of lymphocytes, thus making the immune system more efficient.
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Ganzert, Lars, Felizitas Bajerski, Kai Mangelsdorf, André Lipski, and Dirk Wagner. "Leifsonia psychrotolerans sp. nov., a psychrotolerant species of the family Microbacteriaceae from Livingston Island, Antarctica." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 61, no. 8 (August 1, 2011): 1938–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.021956-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A cold-tolerant, yellow-pigmented, Gram-positive, motile, facultatively anaerobic bacterial strain, LI1T, was isolated from a moss-covered soil from Livingston Island, Antarctica, near the Bulgarian station St. Kliment Ohridski. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic analysis placed the strain in a clade with the species Leifsonia kafniensis KFC-22T, Leifsonia pindariensis PON10T and Leifsonia antarctica SPC-20T, with which it showed sequence similarities of 99.0, 97.9 and 97.9 %, respectively. DNA–DNA hybridization revealed a reassociation value of 2.7 % with L. kafniensis LMG 24362T. The DNA G+C content of strain LI1T was 64.5 mol%. The growth temperature range was −6 to 28 °C, with optimum growth at 16 °C. Growth occurred in 0–5 % NaCl and at pH 4.5–9.5, with optimum growth in 1–2 % NaCl and at pH 5.5–6.5. The predominant fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, C18 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. The polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. Physiological and biochemical tests clearly differentiated strain LI1T from L. kafniensis. Therefore, a novel cold-tolerant species within the genus Leifsonia is proposed: Leifsonia psychrotolerans sp. nov. (type strain LI1T = DSM 22824T = NCCB 100313T).
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He, Lingge, Wenjie Zhang, Shuangyu Yang, Wenting Meng, Xia Dou, Jianfeng Liu, Yuanwei Liu, Haiyue Li, and Tianbo Jin. "Impact of genetic variants in IL-2RA and IL-2RB on breast cancer risk in Chinese Han women." Biochemical Genetics 59, no. 3 (January 28, 2021): 697–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10528-021-10029-y.
Повний текст джерела
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Zhu, J., F. He, D. D. Zhang, J. Y. Yang, J. Cheng, R. Wu, B. Gong, X. Q. Liu, S. Ma, and B. Zhou. "Lack of association of IL-2RA and IL-2RB polymorphisms with rheumatoid arthritis in a Han Chinese population." Genetics and Molecular Research 12, no. 1 (2013): 581–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2013.february.27.7.
Повний текст джерела
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Rabinovitch-Deere, Christine A., and Rebecca E. Parales. "Three Types of Taxis Used in the Response ofAcidovoraxsp. Strain JS42 to 2-Nitrotoluene." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 7 (January 27, 2012): 2306–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.07183-11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACTAcidovoraxsp. strain JS42 is able to utilize 2-nitrotoluene (2NT) as its sole carbon, nitrogen, and energy source. We report here that strain JS42 is chemotactic to 2NT and that the response is increased when cells are grown on compounds such as 2NT that are known to induce the first step of 2NT degradation. Assays with JS42 mutants unable to oxidize 2NT showed that the first step of 2NT metabolism was required for the induced response, but not for a portion of the constitutive response, indicating that 2NT itself is an attractant. The 2NT metabolite nitrite was shown to be a strong attractant for strain JS42, and sufficient nitrite was produced during the taxis assay to account for a large part of the induced response. A mutant with an inactivatedntdYgene, which is located adjacent to the 2NT degradation genes and codes for a putative methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein, showed a defect in taxis toward 2NT that may involve a reduced response to nitrite. Responses of a mutant defective for the energy-taxis receptor, Aer, indicated that a functionalaergene is required for a substantial part of the wild-type induced response to 2NT. In summary, strain JS42 utilizes three types of taxis to sense and respond to 2NT: constitutive 2NT-specific chemotaxis to directly sense 2NT, metabolism-dependent nitrite-specific chemotaxis that may be mediated by NtdY, and energy taxis mediated by Aer.
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Lim, Jung Wook, and Dong Yeol Oh. "Noetherian properties in composite generalized power series rings." Open Mathematics 18, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 1540–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/math-2020-0103.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Let ({\mathrm{\Gamma}},\le ) be a strictly ordered monoid, and let {{\mathrm{\Gamma}}}^{\ast }\left={\mathrm{\Gamma}}\backslash \{0\} . Let D\subseteq E be an extension of commutative rings with identity, and let I be a nonzero proper ideal of D. Set \begin{array}{l}D+[\kern-2pt[ {E}^{{{\mathrm{\Gamma}}}^{\ast },\le }]\kern-2pt] := \left\{f\in [\kern-2pt[ {E}^{{\mathrm{\Gamma}},\le }]\kern-2pt] \hspace{0.15em}|\hspace{0.2em}f(0)\in D\right\}\hspace{.5em}\text{and}\\ \hspace{0.2em}D+[\kern-2pt[ {I}^{{\Gamma }^{\ast },\le }]\kern-2pt] := \left\{f\in [\kern-2pt[ {D}^{{\mathrm{\Gamma}},\le }]\kern-2pt] \hspace{0.15em}|\hspace{0.2em}f(\alpha )\in I,\hspace{.5em}\text{for}\hspace{.25em}\text{all}\hspace{.5em}\alpha \in {{\mathrm{\Gamma}}}^{\ast }\right\}.\end{array} In this paper, we give necessary conditions for the rings D+[\kern-2pt[ {E}^{{{\mathrm{\Gamma}}}^{\ast },\le }]\kern-2pt] to be Noetherian when ({\mathrm{\Gamma}},\le ) is positively ordered, and sufficient conditions for the rings D+[\kern-2pt[ {E}^{{{\mathrm{\Gamma}}}^{\ast },\le }]\kern-2pt] to be Noetherian when ({\mathrm{\Gamma}},\le ) is positively totally ordered. Moreover, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the ring D+[\kern-2pt[ {I}^{{\Gamma }^{\ast },\le }]\kern-2pt] to be Noetherian when ({\mathrm{\Gamma}},\le ) is positively totally ordered. As corollaries, we give equivalent conditions for the rings D+({X}_{1},\ldots ,{X}_{n})E{[}{X}_{1},\ldots ,{X}_{n}] and D+({X}_{1},\ldots ,{X}_{n})I{[}{X}_{1},\ldots ,{X}_{n}] to be Noetherian.
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Yang, Zhi-Zhang, Steven C. Ziesmer, Anne J. Novak, Thomas E. Witzig, and Stephen M. Ansell. "Elevated Serum sIL-2Ra Levels Facilitate IL-2 Signaling and Contribute to Impaired Tumor Immunity in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL)." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.281.281.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Abstract 281 Elevated serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor alpha (sIL-2Ra) have been shown to be a poor prognostic factor in various malignancies and sIL-2Ra levels have generally correlated with tumor bulk and advanced stage of disease. In a clinical trial of single agent rituximab in previously untreated follicular lymphoma (FL) patients, we found that sIL-2Ra levels were elevated compared to controls and increased sIL-2Ra levels prior to treatment were associated with a poor outcome. The mean sIL-2Ra level (+/− standard deviation) in untreated FL patients (n=32) was 2.13 ng/ml (+/− 1.81) and 1.09 ng/ml (+/− 1.53) for normal controls (n=16). The time to progression for previously untreated FL patients after 4 doses of rituximab was 12 months for patients with sIL-2Ra levels above the mean compared to 40 months for patients with low sIL-2Ra levels (p=0.003) confirming that elevated sIL-2Ra is a poor prognostic factor in FL. To explore the mechanism by which sIL-2Ra may contribute to a poor prognosis, we determined the source of sIL-2Ra and whether sIL-2Ra facilitates interleukin-2 (IL-2) signaling. Based on our previous work showing that IL-2 induces Foxp3 expression, we particularly evaluated whether sIL-2Ra may bind IL-2 and contribute to impaired anti-tumor immunity by promoting Treg cell development. We found that sIL-2Ra could be detected by ELISA in the culture medium of IL-2Ra-expressing cell lines such as SuDHL1 and Karpas299 and that activation of these cells with PMA/Ionomycin significantly increased sIL-2Ra levels in the culture medium. Production of sIL-2Ra was associated with an attenuation of surface IL-2Ra expression on SuDHL1 and Karpas299 cells suggesting that surface IL-2Ra is the source of sIL-2Ra. Next, using histo-tagged sIL-2R, we tested whether the complex between sIL-2Ra and IL-2 was able to bind to IL-2R on the malignant cell. We found that sIL-2Ra bound IL-2 and that the complex could be detected on the surface of IL-2R-expressing cells. We then compared the signaling of the sIL-2Ra/IL-2 complex to that of IL-2 alone. As expected, we found that IL-2 stimulated cell proliferation, enhanced STAT5 phosphorylation and upregulated Foxp3 expression in CD4+ T cells in a dose-dependent manner. Administration of an anti-IL-2 antibody attenuated these effects. In contrast, sIL-2Ra alone had little effect on cell proliferation, STAT5 phosphorylation and Foxp3 expression. However, the addition of sIL-2Ra to IL-2 prior to incubation with IL-2R-expressing cells enhanced IL-2-mediated phosphorylation of STAT5 and Foxp3 expression in CD4+ T cells. Compared to IL-2 alone, treatment with sIL-2Ra (25ng/ml) and IL-2 (25ng/ml) increases the number of CD4+ T cells with phosphorylation of STAT5 from 7.9% to 17.4%. Taken together, these results indicate that sIL-2R plays an active biologic role in FL by binding IL-2 and promoting IL-2 signaling rather than depleting IL-2 and blocking its function. Given the findings that IL-2 strongly induces Foxp3 expression and promotes Treg cell development and that Treg cells suppress anti-tumor immunity, we conclude that elevated serum levels of sIL-2Ra facilitate IL-2 signaling and thereby contribute to a poor prognosis in FL. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Lim, Jung Wook, and Dong Yeol Oh. "Noetherian properties in composite generalized power series rings." Open Mathematics 18, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 1540–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/math-2020-0103.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Let ( Γ , ≤ ) ({\mathrm{\Gamma}},\le ) be a strictly ordered monoid, and let Γ ⁎ = Γ \ { 0 } {{\mathrm{\Gamma}}}^{\ast }\left={\mathrm{\Gamma}}\backslash \{0\} . Let D ⊆ E D\subseteq E be an extension of commutative rings with identity, and let I be a nonzero proper ideal of D. Set D + 〚 E Γ ⁎ , ≤ 〛 ≔ f ∈ 〚 E Γ , ≤ 〛 | f ( 0 ) ∈ D and D + 〚 I Γ ⁎ , ≤ 〛 ≔ f ∈ 〚 D Γ , ≤ 〛 | f ( α ) ∈ I , for all α ∈ Γ ⁎ . \begin{array}{l}D+[\kern-2pt[ {E}^{{{\mathrm{\Gamma}}}^{\ast },\le }]\kern-2pt] := \left\{f\in [\kern-2pt[ {E}^{{\mathrm{\Gamma}},\le }]\kern-2pt] \hspace{0.15em}|\hspace{0.2em}f(0)\in D\right\}\hspace{.5em}\text{and}\\ \hspace{0.2em}D+[\kern-2pt[ {I}^{{\Gamma }^{\ast },\le }]\kern-2pt] := \left\{f\in [\kern-2pt[ {D}^{{\mathrm{\Gamma}},\le }]\kern-2pt] \hspace{0.15em}|\hspace{0.2em}f(\alpha )\in I,\hspace{.5em}\text{for}\hspace{.25em}\text{all}\hspace{.5em}\alpha \in {{\mathrm{\Gamma}}}^{\ast }\right\}.\end{array} In this paper, we give necessary conditions for the rings D + 〚 E Γ ⁎ , ≤ 〛 D+[\kern-2pt[ {E}^{{{\mathrm{\Gamma}}}^{\ast },\le }]\kern-2pt] to be Noetherian when ( Γ , ≤ ) ({\mathrm{\Gamma}},\le ) is positively ordered, and sufficient conditions for the rings D + 〚 E Γ ⁎ , ≤ 〛 D+[\kern-2pt[ {E}^{{{\mathrm{\Gamma}}}^{\ast },\le }]\kern-2pt] to be Noetherian when ( Γ , ≤ ) ({\mathrm{\Gamma}},\le ) is positively totally ordered. Moreover, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the ring D + 〚 I Γ ⁎ , ≤ 〛 D+[\kern-2pt[ {I}^{{\Gamma }^{\ast },\le }]\kern-2pt] to be Noetherian when ( Γ , ≤ ) ({\mathrm{\Gamma}},\le ) is positively totally ordered. As corollaries, we give equivalent conditions for the rings D + ( X 1 , … , X n ) E [ X 1 , … , X n ] D+({X}_{1},\ldots ,{X}_{n})E{[}{X}_{1},\ldots ,{X}_{n}] and D + ( X 1 , … , X n ) I [ X 1 , … , X n ] D+({X}_{1},\ldots ,{X}_{n})I{[}{X}_{1},\ldots ,{X}_{n}] to be Noetherian.
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Oh, Ki-Hoon, Yong-Taek Jung, Tae-Kwang Oh, and Jung-Hoon Yoon. "Ruegeria faecimaris sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat sediment." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 61, no. 5 (May 1, 2011): 1182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.025999-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A Gram-negative-staining, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterial strain, HD-28T, was isolated from a tidal flat of the Yellow Sea, Korea. Strain HD-28T grew optimally at pH 7.0–8.0 and 30 °C in the presence of 2–3 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HD-28T was most closely related to species of the genus Ruegeria and exhibited 95.5–96.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strains of Ruegeria species. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on gyrB gene sequences also showed that strain HD-28T fell within the cluster comprising recognized species of the genus Ruegeria, showing 77.5–83.9 % sequence similarity. Strain HD-28T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1ω7c as the major fatty acid. The major polar lipids detected in strain HD-28T were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminolipid and two unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content was 57.9 mol%. Differential phenotypic properties, together with phylogenetic distinctiveness, demonstrated that strain HD-28T could be distinguished from recognized species of the genus Ruegeria. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain HD-28T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Ruegeria, for which the name Ruegeria faecimaris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HD-28T ( = KCTC 23044T = CCUG 58878T).
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Yoon, Jung-Hoon, So-Jung Kang, Soo-Young Lee, Yong-Taek Jung, Jung-Sook Lee, and Tae-Kwang Oh. "Marivita hallyeonensis sp. nov., isolated from seawater, reclassification of Gaetbulicola byunsanensis as Marivita byunsanensis comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Marivita Hwang et al. 2009." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 62, Pt_4 (April 1, 2012): 839–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.032086-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated DPG-28T, was isolated from seawater on the southern coast of Korea. Strain DPG-28T grew optimally at 30 °C and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain DPG-28T formed a coherent cluster with members of the genera Marivita and Gaetbulicola , with which it exhibited sequence similarity values of 97.8–98.5 %. The DNA G+C content of strain DPG-28T was 65.1 mol%. The predominant ubiquinone of strain DPG-28T was ubiquinone-10 (Q-10), consistent with data for the genera Marivita and Gaetbulicola . The cellular fatty acid profiles of strain DPG-28T and the type strains of Marivita cryptomonadis , Marivita litorea and Gaetbulicola byunsanensis were essentially similar in that the common predominant fatty acid was C18 : 1ω7c. Major polar lipids found in strain DPG-28T and the type strains of M. cryptomonadis , M. litorea and G. byunsanensis were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and an unidentified aminolipid. From these data, it is proposed that Gaetbulicola byunsanensis be reclassified as a member of the genus Marivita , for which the name Marivita byunsanensis comb. nov. is proposed, with the type strain SMK-114T ( = CCUG 57612T = KCTC 22632T), and that strain DPG-28T be classified in the genus Marivita . Differential phenotypic properties and genetic distinctiveness of strain DPG-28T demonstrated that this strain is distinguishable from M. cryptomonadis , M. litorea and G. byunsanensis . On the basis of the data presented, strain DPG-28T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Marivita , for which the name Marivita hallyeonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DPG-28T ( = KCTC 23421T = CCUG 60522T). An emended description of the genus Marivita is also provided.
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Molenaar, Remco, Tomas Radivoyevitch, Mohammed Khurshed, Eiju Negoro, Bartlomiej P. Przychodzen, Hetty E. Carraway, Cornelis J. van Noorden, and Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski. "Clinical Effects of IDH1/2-Mutant Inhibitors in IDH1/2-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients: Suggestions from Ex Vivo Experiments." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 4308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.4308.4308.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 mutations (IDH1/2MT) occur in up to 20% of MDS, MDS/MPN overlap and (secondary) AML, 80% of secondary glioma and 20% of cholangiocarcinoma patients. IDH1/2MT confer an improved prognosis in glioma and cholangiocarcinoma patients, but not AML patients, compared with IDH1/2 wild-type (IDH1/2WT)counterparts (Fig 1). IDH1/2MT enzymes produce D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG)at the expense of NADPH, an important cellular antioxidant. IDH1/2MT are ancestral in ~30% of AML/MDS cases, rendering them attractive therapeutic targets because all cancer cells carry IDH1/2MT and this limits the chance of therapy resistance. Inhibitors of IDH1/2MT were recently developed and are currently in clinical trials. IDH1MT inhibitors protect IDH1MT solid tumor cells against irradiation and cisplatin. Thus, IDH1/2MT inhibitors and cytotoxic drugs should not be used together in patients with IDH1/2MT solid tumors. It remains unknown whether IDH1/2MT inhibitors can be safely used as adjuvants to cytotoxic drugs in patients with myeloid malignancies. Methods Primary IDH1/2MT and IDH1/2WT AML and MDS cells (n=20) were cultured and treated with D-2HG, the IDH1/2MT inhibitors, the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and/or irradiation, cisplatin, 5-azacytidine, cytarabine, daunorubicin or decitabine. We determined cell death, ROS levels and DNA double strand break numbers. In addition, maximal cellular IDH1/2 and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity was determined. Results After treatment with irradiation, cisplatin, 5-azacytidine, cytarabine, daunorubicin or decitabine, we did not observe more reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA double strand breaks or cell death in IDH1/2MT primary AML/MDS cells versus IDH1/2WT primary AML/MDS cells (Fig 2). Accordingly, IDH1/2MT inhibitors or the ROS scavenger NAC had no effect on these aforementioned outcomes in IDH1/2MT primary AML/MDS cells. These results contrast the situation in glioma and carcinoma cells, where increased ROS levels, DNA double strand breaks and cell death levels were observed in irradiated or cisplatin-treated IDH1/2MT cancer cells, and where IDH1/2MT inhibitors or NAC reverse these effects (Fig 1). IDH1/2 MT were associated with a striking reduction in the IDH1/2-mediated NADPH production capacity in primary AML cells and solid tumor cells. However, IDH1/2 are not important NADPH providers in primary AML/MDS cells and the contribution of G6PD to the total NADPH production pool is ~4 times larger than IDH1/2 (Fig 3). In contrast, IDH1/2 provide 65% of all NADPH in glioma. Administration of D-2HG, the metabolite produced by IDH1/2MT enzymes, decreased IDH1/2-mediated NADPH production capacity in primary AML/MDS cells and solid tumor cells and is a likely cause of the decreased IDH1/2-mediated NADPH production in IDH1/2MT cells. Discussion Our results offer an explanation for the relatively longer survival of patients with IDH1/2MT glioma and cholangiocarcinoma and the unchanged survival of patients with IDH1/2MT AML or MDS. A plausible mechanism is the strong production of the antioxidant NAPDH by IDH1/2 in solid tumor, but not AML/MDS cells. These data imply that concomitant use of IDH1/2MT inhibitors and cytotoxic therapy in patients with IDH1/2MT solid tumors may limit therapy efficacy. However, in patients with IDH1/2MT AML or MDS, IDH1/2MT inhibitors can probably be used safely as adjuvants to AML/MDS standard of care 5-azacytidine, cytarabine, daunorubicin and/or decitabine therapies, or whole-body irradiation in the context of bone marrow transplantations. These data are crucial for the rational design of clinical trials with IDH1/2MT inhibitors and complete understanding of their outcomes. Figure 1 Increased survival of IDH1/2MT patients (A) in a glioblastoma population, (B) but not in a myeloid neoplasm population sequenced and analyzed by our groups. (C) IDH1MT radiosensitize carcinoma cells and (D) IDH1MT inhibitors radioprotect carcinoma cells. Figure 1. Increased survival of IDH1/2MT patients (A) in a glioblastoma population, (B) but not in a myeloid neoplasm population sequenced and analyzed by our groups. (C) IDH1MT radiosensitize carcinoma cells and (D) IDH1MT inhibitors radioprotect carcinoma cells. Figure 2 Primary IDH1/2MT AML/MDS cells are not sensitized to (A) 5-azacitidine, (B) cytarabine, (C) daunorubicin or (D) decitabine, compared with primary IDH1/2WT AML/MDS cells. Figure 2. Primary IDH1/2MT AML/MDS cells are not sensitized to (A) 5-azacitidine, (B) cytarabine, (C) daunorubicin or (D) decitabine, compared with primary IDH1/2WT AML/MDS cells. Figure 3 G6PD (A, C, E, G) and IDH1 activity (B, D, F, H) staining of IDH1WT (A, B, E, F) and IDH1MT (C, D, G, H) primary AML cells (A-D) and glioblastoma (E-H) cryostat sections. The amount of blue color directly reflects enzyme activity (production of NADPH). Figure 3. G6PD (A, C, E, G) and IDH1 activity (B, D, F, H) staining of IDH1WT (A, B, E, F) and IDH1MT (C, D, G, H) primary AML cells (A-D) and glioblastoma (E-H) cryostat sections. The amount of blue color directly reflects enzyme activity (production of NADPH). Disclosures Carraway: Celgene: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Baxalta: Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Maciejewski:Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Apellis Pharmaceuticals Inc: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.
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Park, Sooyeon, Sung-Min Won, Ji-Min Park, Yong-Taek Jung, and Jung-Hoon Yoon. "Pontivivens insulae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from seawater." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 65, Pt_9 (September 1, 2015): 2896–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.000352.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile and coccoid, ovoid or rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated GYSW-23T, was isolated from seawater off Geoje island in the South Sea, South Korea. Strain GYSW-23T grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of approximately 2.0–3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain GYSW-23T forms a distinct evolutionary lineage independent of other taxa of the family Rhodobacteraceae. It exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 94.0, 93.5, 93.4 and 93.4 % to the type strains of Roseovarius aestuarii, Ruegeria marina, Roseovarius pacificus and Oceanicola litoreus, respectively, and 93.6 % to ‘Actibacterium atlanticum’ 22II-S11-z10. Strain GYSW-23T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1ω7c as the major fatty acid. The major polar lipids of strain GYSW-23T were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and one unidentified aminolipid. The fatty acid and polar lipid profiles of strain GYSW-23T were distinguishable from those of the phylogenetically related taxa. The DNA G+C content of strain GYSW-23T was 60.6 mol%. On the basis of the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and other phenotypic properties, strain GYSW-23T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Rhodobacteraceae, for which the name Pontivivens insulae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Pontivivens insulae is GYSW-23T ( = KCTC 42458T = CECT 8812T).
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Li, Guangyu, Shanshan Wang, Yingbao Gai, Xiupian Liu, Qiliang Lai, and Zongze Shao. "Marinobacter changyiensis, sp. nov., isolated from offshore sediment." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 3004–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004118.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated CLL7-20T, was isolated from a marine sediment sample from offshore of Changyi, Shandong Province, China. Cells of strain CLL7-20T were rod-shaped, motile with one or more polar flagella, and grew optimally at pH 7.0, at 28 °C and with 3 % (w/v) NaCl. The principal fatty acids of strain CLL7-20T were C16 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c/C16 : 1 ω6c). The main polar lipids of strain CLL7-20T were phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG) and an unidentified aminolipid (AL). Strain CLL7-20T contained Q-9 as the major respiratory quinone. The G+C content of its genomic DNA was 56.2 mol%. Phylogenetically, strain CLL7-20T branched within the genus Marinobacter , with M. daqiaonensis YCSA40T being its closest phylogenetic relative (96.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), followed by M. sediminum R65T (96.6 %). Average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain CLL7-20T and the closest related reference strains were 73.2% and 19.8 %, respectively. On the basis of its phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, we suggest that strain CLL7-20T (=MCCC 1A14855T=KCTC 72664T) is the type strain of a novel species in the genus Marinobacter , for which the name Marinobacter changyiensis sp. nov. is proposed. Based on the genomic analysis, siderophore genes were found from strain CLL7-20T, which indicate its potential as a promising alternative to chemical fertilizers in iron-limitated environments such as saline soils.
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Jung, Yong-Taek, Ji-Hoon Kim, So-Jung Kang, Tae-Kwang Oh, and Jung-Hoon Yoon. "Namhaeicola litoreus gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from seawater." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 62, Pt_9 (September 1, 2012): 2163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.036046-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A Gram-staining-negative, non-flagellated, non-gliding and pleomorphic bacterial strain, designated DPG-25T, was isolated from seawater in a seaweed farm in the South Sea in Korea and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Strain DPG-25T grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.0–7.5 and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Flexirubin-type pigments were not produced. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain DPG-25T formed a cluster with the type strains of Actibacter sediminis , Aestuariicola saemankumensis and Lutimonas vermicola . Strain DPG-25T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 95.3, 93.1 and 93.6 % to the type strains of Actibacter sediminis , Aestuariicola saemankumensis and L. vermicola , respectively. Strain DPG-25T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids detected in strain DPG-25T were phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content was 39.9 mol%. Differential phenotypic properties and the phylogenetic distinctiveness of strain DPG-25T demonstrated that this strain is distinguishable from Actibacter sediminis , Aestuariicola saemankumensis and L. vermicola . On the basis of the data presented here, strain DPG-25T represents a novel species in a novel genus of the family Flavobacteriaceae , for which the name Namhaeicola litoreus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Namhaeicola litoreus is DPG-25T ( = KCTC 23702T = CCUG 61485T).
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Yoon, Jung-Hoon, Kook Hee Kang, Tae-Kwang Oh, and Yong-Ha Park. "Shewanella gaetbuli sp. nov., a slight halophile isolated from a tidal flat in Korea." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54, no. 2 (March 1, 2004): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.02731-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A Gram-negative, motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped strain, TF-27T (=KCCM 41648T=JCM 11814T), was isolated from a tidal flat in Korea. This organism grew well at 25–35 °C, with optimum growth at 30 °C. Strain TF-27T grew optimally in the presence of 2 % NaCl; it did not grow without NaCl or in the presence of >8 % NaCl. Strain TF-27T simultaneously contained both menaquinones and ubiquinones as isoprenoid quinones. The predominant menaquinone was MK-7 and the predominant ubiquinones were Q-7 and Q-8. The major fatty acids in strain TF-27T were iso-C15 : 0 (20·6 %) and iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1 ω7c (21·1 %). The DNA G+C content of strain TF-27T was 42 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rDNA sequences showed that strain TF-27T falls within the radiation of the cluster that is encompassed by the genus Shewanella. Levels of 16S rDNA sequence similarity between strain TF-27T and the type strains of Shewanella species were 93·2–96·8 %. On the basis of phenotypic properties and phylogenetic data, strain TF-27T should be placed in the genus Shewanella as a novel species, for which the name Shewanella gaetbuli sp. nov. is proposed.
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Lee, Soo-Young, Chul-Hyung Kang, Tae-Kwang Oh, and Jung-Hoon Yoon. "Virgibacillus campisalis sp. nov., from a marine solar saltern." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 62, no. 2 (February 1, 2012): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.033084-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A Gram-staining-variable, motile, endospore-forming and rod-shaped bacterial strain, IDS-20T, was isolated from a marine solar saltern in Korea and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. Strain IDS-20T grew optimally at 37 °C, at pH 7.5–8.0 and in the presence of 4–5 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain IDS-20T belongs to the genus Virgibacillus. Strain IDS-20T exhibited 93.4–96.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strains of species of the genus Virgibacillus. Strain IDS-20T had MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and a cell-wall peptidoglycan based on meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 and major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and two unidentified phospholipids. The DNA G+C content was 39.5 mol%. The phylogenetic distinctiveness and differential phenotypic characteristics of strain IDS-20T demonstrated that this strain can be distinguished from recognized species of the genus Virgibacillus. On the basis of the data presented, strain IDS-20T represents a novel species of the genus Virgibacillus, for which the name Virgibacillus campisalis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is IDS-20T ( = KCTC 13727T = CCUG 59308T).