Дисертації з теми "190102 Ecosystem adaptation to climate change"
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Oh, Yu Kyung. "Climate change adaptation in London through resilient ecosystem services management." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2018. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/climate-change-adaptation-in-london-through-resilient-ecosystem-services-management(c1b8b3aa-04d5-4151-83da-9971ed59f95f).html.
Повний текст джерелаIacob, Oana. "Natural flood management : an ecosystem based adaptation response for climate change." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2015. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/d0a9eb21-dbcb-40a0-ab5f-b36ca2e94041.
Повний текст джерелаMellmann, Niels. "Ecosystem-based adaptation – In Theory and Practice : A case study of projects supported by the International Climate Initiative." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-260729.
Повний текст джерелаBlanco, González Víctor. "Modelling adaptation strategies for Swedish forestry under climate and global change." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25380.
Повний текст джерелаHall, Elin. "Sustainable forests: A strategy for climate change adaptation and mitigation? : A case study from Babati District, Tanzania." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Life Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-2719.
Повний текст джерелаThis Bachelor‟s thesis aims at explaining the relationship between forests and climate change, a subject that has been given a lot of attention in environmental discussions in recent years, particularly because forests are a source of carbon dioxide emissions and in the same time have the potential to mitigate climate change through carbon sequestration. However, with the importance of mitigation as a background, the focus of this study is on adaptation. The purpose is to identify mutual benefits from the diverse forest ecosystems, and examine the possible benefits from forests to the rural poor population in Tanzania, in a future scenario of increased vulnerability to climate change. The methodology for the study can be divided into two parts, one qualitative literature study and one field study in Babati District northern Tanzania, limited to interviews and excursions. This thesis gives details about the scientific projections and local perceptions of climate change and the effects of climate change. The results of the thesis highlights the importance of sustainably managed forests and agroforestry systems, which have been successful in Babati through local participation; economic incentives such as carbon credit and other payments for ecosystem services, which is a possible future extension of forestry activities; and increased integration between sectors, which make sure that adaptation within different sectors can be done simultaneously.
Boltemo, Edholm Jenny. "How can Ecosystem Services be implemented in local Climate Adaptation? : A case study of Arjeplog." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekoteknik- och hållbart byggande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-36856.
Повний текст джерелаComte, Adrien. "Coral reefs ecosystem services under global environmental change : interdisciplinary approaches to guide science and action." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0002/document.
Повний текст джерелаGlobal environmental change (GEC) in the ocean threatens marine ecosystems and the people who depend on them. A growing scientific effort is attempting to evaluate the impacts of environmental changes on ecosystems and ecosystem services and guide policy-making to respond to this global issue. Focusing on social-ecological systems of coral reefs, this thesis critically reviews the approaches put forward in the literature to understand gaps and to design new methodologies, assessments, and indicators to guide science and policy. Our findings show that a regionally targeted strategy of research should address complexity and provide more realistic projections about the impacts of GEC on coral reefs ecosystems and ecosystem services. We map global-scale indicators to understand where human dependence on coral reef ecosystems will be affected by globally-driven threats expected in a high-CO2 world. We then analyze how science is responding to the challenge posed by GEC on coral reefs and to identify gaps in research.Finally, we attempt to operationalize an overlooked component of vulnerability assessments, ecological adaptive capacity, to serve as a tool to help assess where local actions can be effective in the context of climate change. This manuscript contributes to theoretical and methodological advances to evaluate impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to GEC. It develops interdisciplinary approaches for the study of social-ecological systems and ecosystem services, targeting coral reefs as a case study. Finally, it synthesizes critically the emergence of a scientific field on solutions to GEC for coral reef social-ecological systems
Baier, Camilla. "Integration of ecosystem-based adaptation measures in urban planning : Insights from Copenhagen and Malmö." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-284343.
Повний текст джерелаEn viktig utmaning för hållbar stadsutveckling är att adressera effekterna av de stundande klimatförändringar. För att ta sig an denna fråga har användningen av ekosystembaserad anpassning (EbA), dvs. användningen av ekosystemtjänster för klimatanpassning, främjats av både forskare och utövare. I detta sammanhang behandlar studien två forskningsfrågor: hur EbA ingår i strategisk klimatanpassningsplanering och hur EbA implementeras i praktiken. Studien innehåller en fallstudie- design, där processen från strategisk planering till dess genomförande undersöks i två nordeuropeiska städer: Köpenhamn och Malmö. För att samla in data användes två kvalitativa metoder: en dokumentanalys och semistrukturerade intervjuer med tjänstepersoner på kommuner. Resultaten från studien visar att det finns en hög grad av medvetenhet om de olika EbA åtgärderna, deras potentiella roll för att hantera klimatförändringseffekter och deras synergier i klimatanpassningsplaner. Det praktiska genomförandet av planerna utfördes endast i en projektbaserad skala för att ta med vissa klimatförändringseffekter snarare än på ett holistiskt vis och på en större regional nivå. Den viktigaste EbA åtgärden som användes var utbyggnaden eller omvandlingen av de offentliga grönytorna. Sammanfattningsvis har studien visat på att det finns behov av ett mer heltäckande tillvägagångssätt och ytterligare integrering beträffande användandet av EbA krävs.
William, Apollinaire. "Smallholder Farmers, Environmental Change and Adaptation in a Human-Dominated Landscape in the Northern Highlands of Rwanda." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1527182117011253.
Повний текст джерелаReyer, Christopher. "The cascade of uncertainty in modeling forest ecosystem responses to environmental change and the challenge of sustainable resource management." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16749.
Повний текст джерелаProjecting the effects of environmental change on social-ecological systems is a crucial component of sustainability science. Such projections rely on models and modeling chains. At each modeling step, model-specific uncertainties about parameter values, input data or structure accumulate and lead to a cascade of uncertainty. The aim of this thesis is to explore the cascade of uncertainties in responses to environmental change in a structured way at the example of forest ecosystem modeling. This leads to two overarching research questions: 1. How do different types of uncertainties affect projections of the effects of environmental change on forest ecosystems? 2. What is the general framework of sustainable natural resource management in coupled social-ecological systems in which uncertainties need to be integrated? This thesis shows that forest productivity under climate change may increase in cool and wet regions and decrease in already warm and dry regions. These findings are robust despite large differences in model structure, climate change scenarios and model parameters that induce considerable uncertainty into future projections. It also stresses that there are methods available to assess uncertainties but also that many climate change impact studies have focused on testing the response of plants to changes in mean climate rather than climatic extremes. Finally, this thesis shows that adaptive, cross-sectoral natural resource management strategies exist that accommodate uncertain impacts of environmental and societal change and foster sustainable regional development. I conclude that the cascade of uncertainty challenges sustainable natural resource management and that a more systematic treatment of uncertainties is strongly needed to generate robust projections of the impacts of environmental change. The findings of this thesis provide a general framework in which both modelers and decision-makers can integrate model results and assess their robustness.
Gomez, Maria. "Modeling Coastal Vulnerability for Insight into Mangrove and Coral Reef Conservation Efforts in Cuba." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7562.
Повний текст джерелаBubendorfer, Alwin. "Adoption of effective improved cookstoves in sub-Sahara Africa: case study in the Arua District." Thesis, KTH, Energi och klimatstudier, ECS, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-104461.
Повний текст джерелаThorn, Jessica Paula Rose. "Ecosystem services, biodiversity and human wellbeing along climatic gradients in smallholder agro-ecosystems in the Terai Plains of Nepal and northern Ghana." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3319dafc-5b0c-436a-b653-a623fc3e8de4.
Повний текст джерелаHashoum, Hazem. "Impact du changement climatique sur les interactions biotiques en forêt méditerranéenne : approches chimique, écophysiologique et fonctionnelle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0480/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is to study allelopathic interactions in the downy oak forest in the mediterranean region and to consider how these interactions can be affected by climate change. We have shown that the dominant tree Q. pubescens and its companion species A. monspessulanum and C. coggygria have different allelopathic potentialities, evaluated in vitro on herbaceous target plants, depending on the phenological stage of the leaves, which could in natura affect the germination and growth of understory herbaceous plants. These differences in allelopathic effect may result not only from differences in the quantity of allelopathic compounds produced, but also from qualitative differences observed as a function of the phenological stage. This suggests that the allelopathic effect may vary over time to match the stage of development of the target herbaceous plants. On one of the target plants used in the bioassays, the allelopathic effects were further accentuated by changing the water and / or thermal conditions which suggests possible modifications of the allelopathic potential of the plants to be expected with climate change.Our results in the plant nursery showed the allelopathic potential of cotinus and pinus on the growth of oak seedlings, whatever the watering conditions (stressed or unstressed). By affecting in particular the biomass of the root system, the growth of which is a key element of the mediterranean species to resist the prolonged summer drought, these interactions could play an important role in the regeneration processes of downy oak
Fedele, Giacomo. "Stratégies de gestion des terres dans les réponses aux aléas climatiques en Indonésie." Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IAVF0021.
Повний текст джерелаEcosystems play an important role in strategies for facing climate change because they address both its causes and effects through the delivery of ecosystem services. Ecosystems act as safety nets for rural livelihoods and as buffers against damages by supplying provisioning services (e.g., food and timber) and regulating services (e.g., water regulation and erosion control). In addition, carbon sequestration by ecosystems contributes to mitigate climate change. Land management affects ecosystem services in diverse ways and, because of trade-offs, can enhance the supply of one ecosystem service of interest at the expense of others. For example, the conversion of forests to agriculture to increase food production may degrade water regulation. Although trade-offs are recognized, knowledge on how changes in land management affect ecosystem services and their beneficiaries is still limited. This research aims to increase our understanding of how land management changes impact the resilience of local communities to climate hazards and the provision of ecosystem services at regional and global level. We combined multi-disciplinary and participatory methods to analyze changes in the management of forests and trees in the responses of local communities to climate hazards. Across four rural communities affected by floods and droughts in tropical forest landscapes in Indonesia, we inventoried forests, surveyed households, discussed with focus groups, and analysed satellite images. To analyse how ecosystem services are affected by changes in land management, we developed a conceptual framework to account for the multiple human contributions in the delivery of ecosystem services. The findings showed how communities used ecosystems in their responses to climatic impacts and how changes in land management affected the supply of ecosystem services. In the study sites with least forests, communities had the highest needs for forest ecosystem services to help them adapt to drought. Between 5 and 45% of the households reported at least one coping strategy based on products from forests and trees, for example harvesting timber or collecting leaves, rubber, and wild vegetables. Several anticipatory strategies at the community level aimed to protect or restore forests to reduce the impacts of droughts and floods on soil and water. Communities were not passive beneficiaries of ecosystem services but actively contributed to their delivery in multiple ways. They managed land, mobilized human and human-made assets (e.g. skills, fertilizers), allocated benefits, and appreciated their contribution to well-being. Such actions determined who benefited from ecosystems and how. The human contributions in the delivery of ecosystem services depended on community rules (e.g. logging restrictions or taxes), assets (e.g. access to transportation or irrigation systems), values (e.g. perception of environmental degradation), and spatial factors (e.g., location of houses and crops in disaster prone areas). The land management strategies of local communities in response to climate hazards also affected the delivery of ecosystem services at regional and global scales, through changes in biodiversity, water regulation, and carbon sequestration. An improved understanding of human inputs and trade-offs in the delivery of ecosystem services can inform the design of sound ecosystem-based solutions for strengthening the resilience of local people to climate hazards while providing other global benefits for sustainable development
Barrera, David Lameiras. "NBS for climate change adaptation: the Roadmap potential to enable cooperative institutions for managing urban green commons." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/26126.
Повний текст джерелаDe acordo com a definição de trabalho da Comissão Europeia de Soluções Baseadas na Natureza (SBN), estas são diversas soluções inspiradas e apoiadas pela natureza, proporcionando co-benefícios sociais, ambientais e económicos. Corretamente implementado, as NBS funcionam como uma abordagem sistémica para fornecer serviços ecossistémicos urbanos (SEU) através da Infraestrutura Verde Urbana (IVU). Para testar a eficácia do NBS em estratégias de resiliência climática urbana e integrá-las a um cenário de 2050, o projeto H2020 UNaLab oferece às cidades em todo o mundo know-how, ferramentas, assistência técnica e suporte de rede. Para abordar a complexidade do desafio, o UNaLab apela à participação de diversas partes interessadas em exercícios de planeamento prospectivo, seguindo a metodologia Roadmapping de UnaLab (MRU). O URM tem potencial teórico para criar Instituições Cooperativas para governar a riqueza comum baseada nos SEU co-produzidos na IVU, em espaços verdes comuns (EVC). A presente pesquisa estuda esse potencial na prática. Pretende avaliar se permite a cooperação das partes interessadas além do estágio de planeamento, proporcionando, assim, uma abordagem alternativa para a produção do espaço urbano. Pesquisas e entrevistas com profissionais da MRU permitiram avaliar a implementação da MRU e seu potencial para o envolvimento cooperativo. Os resultados dos dois estudos de caso mostram que não existem características específicas decorrentes da primeira etapa da MRU que sustentem as reivindicações por tal potencial. Entretanto, os resultados mostram também a importância das soft-skills como potenciadoras da participação das partes interessadas e a media visual para apoiar a construção de sentido. Existem áreas de oportunidade no processo, como uma abordagem metódica na seleção de stakeholders e permitir que os participantes influenciem as atividades da URM de modo a harmonizá-las localmente. Estas recomendações são relevantes para realizar o potencial da MRU e permitir que a ação coletiva use as SBN como para transformar a IVU em EVC.
Mestrado em Estudos Ambientais
Christensen, Lisa. "Evaluation of coastal protection services provided by nearshore habitats in Cox Bay, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada." 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10170/705.
Повний текст джерелаWenger, Caroline Elizabeth Balean. "Flood management in a changing climate." Phd thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/117237.
Повний текст джерелаBelete, Gebrie Alebachew. "Evaluating the sustainability of communal land rehabilitation practices as a disaster risk reduction strategy and adaptation measures to climate change : a case study from Legambo District, Northern Ethiopia." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/21792.
Повний текст джерелаEnvironmental Sciences
M. Sc. (Environmental Management)