Дисертації: "16th century"

1

Zander, Christine. "Lutheran-Orthodox dialog in the 16th century." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.

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2

Lai, Wai-yin, and 黎惠賢. "Maritime trade policy in 16th century China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3194856X.

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3

Murdock, Mark Cammeron. "In the Company of Cheaters (16th-Century Aristocrats and 20th-Century Gangsters)." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1775.

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This document contains a meta-commentary on the article that I co-authored with Dr. Corry Cropper entitled Breaking the Duel's Rules: Brantôme, Mérimée, and Melville, that will be published in the next issue of Essays in French Literature and Culture, and an annotated bibliography of primary and secondary sources featuring summaries and important quotes dealing with duels, honor, honor codes, cheating, historical causality, chance, and sexuality. Also, several examples of film noir are cited with brief summaries and key events noted. The article we wrote studies two instances of cheating in duels: one found in Brantôme's Discours sur les duels and the other in Prosper Mérimée's Chronique du règne de Charles IX, and the traditional, as well as anti-causal, repercussions they had. Melville's Le Deuxième souffle is also analyzed with regards to the Gaullist Gu Minda and the end of the aristocratic codes of honor that those of his generation dearly respected but that were overcome by the commercial world of republican law and order.

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4

Anthony, Danielle Tina. "Intimate Invasion: Andeans and Europeans in 16th Century Peru." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1515105243237725.

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5

Roberts, Dunstan Clement David. "Readers' annotations in sixteenth-century religious books." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610579.

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6

Lam, Lai Sing. "Origins and development of the traditional Chinese roof : 16th century B.C.-19th century A.D." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2001.

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7

Davis, Lydia. "British travellers and the rediscovery of Sicily, 16th-19th century." Thesis, Southampton Solent University, 2006. http://ssudl.solent.ac.uk/579/.

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This project deals with the early period of what could be termed the 'Grand Tour' in Sicily, a subject which has previously been covered only in a small number of academic works. In particular, it looks at the history of British travel and travellers to Sicily, placing particular emphasis on the way in which classical considerations prompted, guided and inspired visitors to the island. Whilst covering a wide time span which ranges from the 8th until the 20th centuriy AD, the main body of the work focuses on the period between 1550 and 1770 and provides a study of the major British travellers to Sicily during this period - most particularly the journeys of Thomas Hoby in the 16th century, George Sandys and Isaac Basire in the 17th and John Breval in the early 18th century. It also looks at the cultural construction of Sicily itself during this period, and the major Latin and Italian historical sources which influenced, and in some cases were influenced by, travellers and writers from Britain. Much of this work involves the in-depth analysis of several of the major geographical and antiquarian texts from the 16th, 17th and early 18th centuries both in English and Italiaan. The results suggest that rather than the more traditional view of Sicily as a late addition to the Grand Tour, relatively undiscovered until the 1770s, the island had in fact generated a significant amount of interest from numerous erudite British travellers and antiquarians, who made a small but nevertheless important contribution to the body of work written upon the island and its culture and antiquities

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8

Castillo, Flores José Gabino. "The University and the Ecclesiastical Cabildo of Mexico: 16th Century." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/121659.

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This article examines the role of the University of Mexico in the formation of the Ecclesiastical Cabildo of Mexico City in the second half of the 16th century, since it was in its classrooms that the learned men who would occupy key positions in the secular and ecclesiastical government of the kingdom of New Spain were groomed. They were the sons of the conquistadors and the earliest colonists who settled in the Indies. Thanks to the university, a local bureaucracy was created that would shape and consolidate the principal corporate bodies of the kingdom, including the Ecclesiastical Cabildo of Mexico. The text elucidates how the close relationship between these two corporate bodies benefitted the project of the secular Church and functioned to anchor the population of Spanish origin in New Spain. Este artículo estudia el papel que la Universidad de México tuvo en la conformación del Cabildo eclesiástico de México en la segunda mitad del siglo XVI. En las aulas de la universidad se formaron los letrados que ocuparon los cargos más importantes del gobierno seglar y eclesiástico del reino de la Nueva España. Dichos personajes fueron los hijos de conquistadores y primeros pobladores que se asentaron en las Indias. Gracias a la universidad se creó una burocracia local que conformó y consolidó las principales corporaciones del reino, entre ellas, el Cabildo eclesiástico de México. A lo largo del texto se plantea que ambas corporaciones tuvieron una estrecha relación que benefició el proyecto de Iglesia secular y favoreció el arraigo de la población de origen hispánico en la Nueva España.

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9

Martínez, Martínez Franklin de Jesús. "Cowlonialism : Colonialism, cattle and landscapes in 16th century New Spain." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-418884.

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Cattle are not endemic to the American continent. Nevertheless, they are present and thrive in many landscapes, all the way from Canada to Argentina. The narratives about the process of colonisation of the American continent include human actors, but there is very little literature in comparison that deals on the influence of cattle in landscapes in the continent. In this thesis, I will contribute to the discussion about more-than-human processes of landscape modification, by analysing archival sources from the New Spain. This region included a big part of the West of the United States, Mexico and Central America. The period I analyse, between 1550 and 1602, represents the first decades of encounter between the Spanish settlers and indigenous communities, in the region of New Spain, where the Spanish established administrative institutions to manage their empire. The documents that I analysed showcase the transformations that cattle caused in the landscape, from how indigenous people lived, to what plants and crops could be cultivated. Inspired by Multi-species studies, ethography, and the concepts of “animal” and “landscape”, I use Actor-Network Theory to create a thoroughly described network of relations. In my analysis, I find that cattle influenced the activities that were performed in the landscape, as well as the ways that other actors interacted with each other. These actions, complemented by religious, economic and cultural ideas that circulated during the XVI century, would form what I call Cowlonialism, a regime of ideas and practices where cattle invade the land and displace their inhabitants, exercising power over other actors.

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10

McDermott, James Sebastian. "Montaigne and the ancients : reassessing nobility in 16th century France." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.702179.

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This thesis seeks to examine the role of Sparta in the writing of the 16th century French author Michel de Montaigne. As he lived during the Religious Wars period in France, Montaigne's work was heavily influenced by the social and political upheaval that surrounded him. In particular, the actions of the elite throughout this era come under scrutiny in Montaigne's Essais. Although primarily analysed in modern scholarship as a man of letters, this thesis will examine the essayist through his social position of a nobleman, a position which was still defined by a martial chivalric ideal in Renaissance France. From the perspective of Montaigne as a member of this class of warrior-nobility, a unique reading of the Essais emerges. When considered alongside the literature of his peers, the extent to which the essayist's work complemented the rhetoric of the traditional military elite becomes apparent. Within this historical and literary context, the classics and especially Sparta become a mechanism through which Montaigne espoused his ideas on nobility in the Essais. Through an analysis of the ancients' presence in Montaigne's writing, the manner in which the classically educated essayist married the traditional military virtues of the nobility to the humanist teaching of the Renaissance becomes clear. By combining the noble ideal with developments in learning, Montaigne hoped to forge a new definition of nobility whose proponents' virtuous and just rule would restore peace to a troubled France. Through a combination of old concepts of nobility with the new ideas of the age, Montaigne was also able to justify his own place as a nobleman in France. With his family having risen to a noble rank from a mercantile background Montaigne was determined to establish his own credentials as a legitimate martial nobleman. He would accomplish this partly through his celebration of Sparta and her military reputation but also through his denunciation of Cicero. As the personification in the Essais of a new class of learned nobility who were roundly criticised within the traditional elite for the problems afflicting France, Montaigne condemns Cicero throughout his writing. As a foil to Montaigne's idealisation of Sparta, an understanding of Cicero's place in the Essais is crucial in order to define the essayist's thoughts on the noble ideal. This analysis of these classical sources within the literary and historical context of Montaigne's period, allows for a fresh insight into the Essais and Montaigne's conclusions on the role of nobility in French society. This thesis will contribute to the increasing interest in the reception of Sparta from the Renaissance onwards as well as offering a rare concerted study into the role of the classics in Montaigne's work, an often neglected area of Montaigne studies. By approaching Montaigne's work through his classical muses, entirely new perspectives on his thought can be recognised. Similarly, an appreciation of his use of Sparta can help chart future studies into the impact of the polis in European socio-political thought.

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11

Lauersdorf, Mark Richard [Verfasser]. "The Question of 'Cultural Language' and Interdialectal Norm in 16th Century Slovakia : A Phonological Analysis of 16th Century Slovak Administrative-Legal Texts / Mark Richard Lauersdorf." Frankfurt a.M. : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 1996. http://d-nb.info/1165479664/34.

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12

LaCerva, Daniel Anthony. "Purepècha y Pescado: Food, Status, and Conquest in 16th Century Michoacán." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1503004991079327.

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13

莊小屛 and Siu-ping Amy Chong. "The chansons of Claudin de Sermisy in Attaingnant's Chansons nouvellesand other early collections." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31225871.

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14

Bishop, Jennifer Jane. "Precious metals, coinage, and 'commonwealth' in mid-Tudor England." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708796.

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15

Monette, Barbara. "The Anabaptist Contributions to the Idea of Religious Liberty." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5060.

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The relationship between ideas and history is important in order to understand the past and the present. The idea of religious liberty and the realization of that ideal in sixteenth-century Europe by the Anabaptists in Switzerland and South Germany in the 1520s was considered to be revolutionary in a society characterized by the union of church and state. The main impetus of the idea of religious liberty for the Anabaptists was the application of the New Testament standard of the Christian church, which was an independent congregation of believers marked only by adult baptism. The purpose of the present study is to demonstrate the contributions of the Swiss Anabaptists to the idea of religious liberty by looking at the ministries and activities of three major leaders of the early Swiss movement: Conrad Grebel, Michael Sattler, and Balthasar Hubmaier. This thesis takes up the modern form of religious liberty as analyzed by twentieth-century authorities, as a framework for better understanding the contributions of the Anabaptists. My research then explores the establishment of the first Anabaptist church in history, the Zollikon church outside of Zurich, and examines its organization membership, motives, and strategies for evangelizing Switzerland. In all areas influenced by the Anabaptists, there was considerable acceptance of their doctrine of a separated church. Their teaching on liberty of conscience also influenced people in towns such as Zollikon and Waldshut. Possible historical links between the Anabaptist doctrines and establishment of later Baptist denominations are shown.

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16

Blakeway, Amy Louise. "Regency in sixteenth-century Scotland." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252207.

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17

McMillan, Catherine Elizabeth. "Aberdeen and the Reformation: Implementation and Interpretation of Reform." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/711.

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In the burgh of Aberdeen in northeast Scotland, the realm's Reformation of 1559-1560 and the subsequent alteration of the religious landscape were unwelcome developments. Although national authorities required reform, the burgh's powerful governing local oligarchy, mainly comprised of wealthy Catholic burgesses, dictated the speed and shape of conformity to the new religion. Existing scholarship on Aberdeen in the 1560s has concentrated on the ways in which Aberdeen's leaders responded to the Reformation rather than the reasons behind those responses. Thus, the purpose of this thesis is to further the understanding of the implementation and interpretation of the Reformation and Reformed Protestantism in Aberdeen from c. 1560 to 1568. Aberdeen's town council records from 1559 to 1568 and kirk session legislation from 1562-1563 and 1568 are the foundational primary sources for this study. Close textual analysis makes visible the many layers of meaning contained within these sources and unearths the common threads that run throughout. Additional primary sources, such Confession of Faith, Book of Discipline, and relevant entries from the records of St Andrews' kirk session, serve to place Aberdeen in the larger national context and, in many aspects, highlight the burgh's comparative religious conservatism. Chapter One of this thesis provides an overview of the national political and religious history from the early 1540s to the early 1570s. Chapter Two focuses on Aberdeen's response to the Reformation Crisis of 1559-1560 and the subsequent implementation of reform from 1560 to 1568 as administered by the burgh's civic authorities. Finally, Chapter Three explores and explains the interpretation of the Reformation and Reformed Protestantism by the town council and the kirk session. This thesis concludes that the town council of Aberdeen deftly maneuvered through the twists and turns of the Reformation and its immediate aftermath and was successful not only in retaining relative local autonomy, but also in restricting the pace and determining the character of reform. Furthermore, the burgh's kirk session sought common ground between Catholicism and Reformed Protestantism in doctrine and discipline and was able to distract attention from matters of religious belief and practice by concentrating on the regulation of moral behavior.

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18

True, Thomas-Leo Richard. "Power and place : the Marchigian Cardinals of Sixtus V." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648270.

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19

Hoskins, Sara Grace. "16th Century Cast-Bronze Ordnance at the Museu de Angra do Heroismo." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/556.

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Within the collections of the Museu de Angra do Heroismo (Terceira Island, Azores, Portugal) are nine cast bronze guns from the 16th century. Most were raised from the seafloor between the 1960s and 1990s, but this study comprises the first in-depth research into their design and manufacture. The importance of this kind of study lies in the fact that ordnance is commonly found on shipwrecks of this time. A greater knowledge of guns will help provide information about the ships from which they came. Careful documentation and study of the Museu de Angra cannon will add greatly to their value as museum exhibits, by allowing museum patrons to better understand where the guns came from, how they were cast, and why they were important. This documentation adds to our knowledge of Western European gunfounding technology during the sixteenth century, as four different countries commissioned the guns: Portugal, Spain, France, and England. With detailed documentation and publication, the Museu de Angra bronze guns can be added to the bibliography of ordnance of this period, which will aid future researchers who encounter similar pieces. The Museu de Angra bronze guns, as symbols of the military and naval power of the countries that commissioned them, were sent aboard ships, into the field, and mounted on fortress walls. Bronze guns of this time period are particularly important, as bronze was an expensive commodity, and the demand for ordnance was increasing rapidly. Countries developed more effective ways to make use of iron for the founding of guns, and the use of bronze became more symbolic of wealth. The information that each gun contains includes both the cutting-edge military technology of the time and the artistic statement of the founder. Some of the finest metalwork of the period was displayed in cast bronze guns, and due to the founding techniques, no two are the same, making each an important piece of history.

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20

Želtuchin, Alexander. "Orthographic codes and code-switching : a study in 16th century Swedish ortography." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för nordiska språk, 1996. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-82682.

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21

Wemlinger, Cherri Reni. "Identity in Ethiopia the Oromo from the 16th to the 19th century /." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2008/c_wemlinger_080108.pdf.

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22

Zheltukhin, Alexander. "Orthographic codes and code-switching : a study in 16th century Swedish orthography /." Stockholm : Almqvist & Wiksell, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37164838m.

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23

Tudor, Crina. "Studies of Cipher Keys from the 16th Century : Transcription, Systematisation and Analysis." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik och filologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-396922.

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In historical cryptography, a cipher key represents a set of rules by which we can convert between plaintext and ciphertext within an encryption system. Presently, there are not many studies that focus on analysing keys,especially not on a large scale or done in a systematic manner. In this paper, we describe a uniform transcription standard for the keys in the DECODE database. This way, we intend to lay a strong foundation to facilitate further studies on large sets of key transcriptions. We believe that a homogeneous set of transcriptions would be an ideal starting point for comparative studies, especially from a chronological perspective, as this can reveal potential patterns in the evolution of encryption methods. We also build a script that can perform an in-depth analysis of the components of a key, using our standardized transcription files as input. Finally, we give a detailed account of our findings and show that our method can reliably extract valuable information from the transcription file, such as the method of encryption or the types of symbols used for encoding, without the need of additional manual analysis of the original key.

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24

Lievens, Lore Lotte <1993&gt. "A vast unknown population. Parchment bookbindings in the 16th and 17th century." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10776.

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The study of parchment bookbindings in the past has been greatly neglected. Interest for the bindings was in fact associated with the antiquarian book market and limited to the so-called artistic binding; decorated covers that are rather rarely found on parchment. The recently developed interest for them is more concentrated on particularities in small samples of study than on the entire ‘population’ of the bindings. The current research therefore focusses on the general evolutions of the materials and the manufacturing techniques of parchment bindings from the 16th and 17th century. A sample of about 5000 bindings of printed books kept in the Bishop's Seminary Library of Padua forms the basis of this study. Two research objectives are aimed. First, a methodology is proposed to extend the traditional research corpus and to deal with a quantitative remarkable amount of parchment bindings. Second, a more detailed study is performed summarizing significant evolutions and trends in the history of parchment bindings, both cultural and chronological. In the first phase, relevant characteristics for the research has been selected. Material and structural characteristics of each binding has been collected in a database. Besides, models are derived to describe the (combination of the) most common characteristics, to group bindings and to facilitate the second step of the research. In that phase, the database has been interrogated to highlight chronological tendencies and variations between different language areas. In this way, the experimental research aims to present a unique view on the chronological evolution and the cultural variations in the structural characteristics and the techniques of the manufacturing of the parchment bindings.

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25

Mandal, Rabindranath. "Vaishnavism and vaishnavite culture in midnapore (16th century to the present day)." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2001. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/1264.

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26

Tosh, William Patrick. "Testimonies of affection and dispatches of intelligence : the letters of Anthony Bacon, 1558-1601." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2013. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/9075.

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This thesis explores the affective and professional relationships that sustained the intelligence network of Anthony Bacon (1558-1601), a gentleman-traveller and spymaster for the earl of Essex. Through a series of interventions in the extensive Bacon papers in Lambeth Palace Library, I present four manuscript-based case studies that cast light on a host of relationship-paradigms particular to early modern English culture that are today poorly understood. Chapter 1 focuses on Anthony Bacon’s relationship with the Puritan Nicholas Faunt, and argues for a new understanding of the language of ardent affection between men that acknowledges the influence on such language of Reformed theology. Chapter 2 explores the correspondence of Bacon with Anthony Standen, an imprisoned Catholic spy, and suggests that the early modern prison may have been a facilitating institution in the creation of instrumental friendship between men. Chapter 3 examines the Inns of Court. I argue that the Inns’ concern for the values of friendship was reflected in the widespread political patronage system that operated out of the four societies, a system that was recognised and manipulated by powerful men. In Chapter 4 I explore a context in which the influence of friendship networks was deleterious: the unstable and unhappy political secretariat of the earl of Essex. I argue that the earl’s outmoded concept of ardent service was as damaging to his own household as it was to his relationship with the queen. Taken as a whole, this thesis argues for a new awareness of the place of feeling and the role of friendship in our understanding of relationships between men in the sixteenth century.

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27

Upper, Lauren Elizabeth. "Printing colour in the age of Durer 'Chiaroscuro' woodcuts of the German-speaking lands, 1487-ca. 1600." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608045.

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28

Wivel, Matthias. "Colour in line : Titian and printmaking." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609239.

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29

Strickrodt, Silke. "Afro-European trade relations on the western slave coast, 16th to 19th centuries." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2616.

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This thesis deals with the Afro-European trade on the Western Slave Coast from about 1600 to the 1880s, mainly the slave trade but also the trade in ivory and agricultural produce. The Western Slave Coast comprises the coastal areas of modem Togo and parts of the coastal areas of Ghana and Benin. For much of the period under discussion, this region was dominated by two kingdoms, the kingdom of the Hula (or Pla), known to European traders as Great or Grand Popo, after its coastal port (in modern Benin), and the kingdom of the Ge (Gen/Guin/Genyi), known to European traders as Little Popo, after its main coastal port (in modern Togo). In the nineteenth century, two more ports of trade appeared in the region, Agoud (in modem Benin) and Porto Seguro (in modern Togo). In terms of the Afro-European trade, this was an intermediate area between regions of greater importance to slave traders, the Gold Coast to the west and the eastern Slave Coast (mainly the kingdom of Dahomey) to the east. This thesis gives a detailed reconstruction of the political and commercial developments in the region, especially for the period from the 1780s and the 1860s. The discussion is based mainly on archival material from British, French and African archives, but also makes use of a wide range of published accounts, mainly in English, French and German, and information from oral traditions. Beyond its immediate local interest, the thesis contributes to our understanding of the operation of the Afro-European trade and its impact on African middleman societies. The intermittent commercial success of 'the Popos' illustrates the dynamics of the trade especially clearly. The Western Slave Coast is placed into the wider transatlantic trade network and its role in the trade re-evaluated. The link between the local and overseas economy is illustrated by the centrality of the lagoon, which is discussed in detail. Other important issues that are addressed include the role of the canoemen in the trade, the transition from the slave trade to the palm oil trade and the Afro-Brazilian settlement at Agoue.

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30

Hall, Matthew. "Lyon publishing in the age of Catholic revival, 1565-1600." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16276.

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This PhD dissertation focuses upon the role of Lyon's printing industry in the revival of Catholicism in the second half of the sixteenth century. Lyon was one of Europe's premier cities; booming trade and tolerant attitudes had been catalysts for its growth. It possessed one of the finest and most renowned printing industries on the continent. Reputations were turned upside down by the development of evangelical activism in the 1560s. By the late 1560s the city was once more firmly placed in the Roman Catholic camp. Lyon's presses joined in the newly found Catholic sentiment. Presses produced a vast range of texts necessary for the reconstruction of the Church. From the start, the commerce of the book and the fate of Catholic revival were closely bound together. Within a decade of the fall of the Protestant regime, Catholic authors and publishers produced steady streams of violent pamphlet literature aimed towards the eradication of the Huguenot. With a powerful combination of theological tomes and a flood of book and pamphlet literature addressed to a wider audience, Lyon's printing presses held an important role in the progress of Catholic revival. Chapter one sketches core aspects of the history of the printing industry in Lyon from its inception in the 1470s until 1600. Chapter two concentrates on the production of pamphlet literature between 1565 and 1588, the years of Catholic victory and the period leading up to the radical developments of the Holy Catholic League. Chapter three extends the survey of the period 1565 until 1588 by addressing the body of larger religious books published. Chapters four and five explore the role of pamphlet literature during Lyon's adherence to the Leaguer, and then Royalist movement. Chapter six examines the production of larger religious books throughout the years 1589 until 1600. This study of Lyon's place in print culture demonstrates that our preconceptions of the book culture - seen through the predominantly German model - cannot be accurately imposed across European printing centres. Contrary to the German experience print culture and the Counter-Reformation were inextricably linked. Moreover, French Catholic authors were prepared to confront the evangelical movement in the medium of print. By doing so Catholic authors and publishers fully utilised the weapons that had brought Protestantism so much success, making them their own.

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31

Huncik, Kata. "A liturgical-repertorial study of 16th-century polyphonic music in "Bartfa MS 8"." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26929.

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Along with the other volumes of the Bartfa Collection , the 16th-century MS 8 was discovered in the Lutheran town of Bartfa (today Slovakia). While the manuscripts and prints of the Bartfa Collection have been somewhat neglected by Western scholars, the present study shows that this topic is worthy of attention. In examining the historical context, the role of the schoolmaster, Leonard Stockel stands out as particularly interesting; his life-time friendship with Luther and Melanchthon directly links Bartfa to the German Lutheranism. The German link is also apparent in MS 8 itself, as according to Muranyi, it was copied in Southern Germany ca. 1555. In this research, a thorough watermark study has also been carried out, the results of which challenge the established date and may shift it to as early as 1545. Furthermore, a reportorial study focusing on the anonymous compositions has been taken into consideration along with Bartfa's unique Lutheran liturgical practice.

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32

Lunt, David G., and David G. Lunt. "STYLISTIC CONSIDERATIONS OF THE POLYCHORAL TRADITION FROM 16TH-CENTURY VENICE TO THE PRESENT." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626510.

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33

Schneider, Leann G. "Capturing Otherness on Canvas: 16th - 18th century European Representation of Amerindians and Africans." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1437430892.

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34

Chase, Carol A. "The Reliability of 16th-Century European Claims about Pueblo Lifestyles: An Archaeological Test." University of Arizona, Department of Anthropology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/112062.

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Sixteenth-century Europeans explored the New World to expand their sponsors' territories, to acquire wealth, and to convert souls. Today, archaeologists research the peoples about whom the explorers wrote. Although sometimes inaccurate, the explorers' accounts can provide insights into daily life that the archaeological record cannot. On the other hand, archaeological data fills in many gaps about Pueblo lifeways that the explorers failed to mention. However, both sources must be used with caution, since both are prone to biases.. This paper compares the archaeological and the narrative information on precontact- and contact- period Pueblo religion, material resources, and diet and points to the pitfalls of excluding either of these two information sources. It concludes that a more accurate reconstruction of the lifeways of the Pueblo people will combine, among other sources, both the 16th-century explorers' narratives and the archaeological record.

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35

Trocmé, Latter Daniel. "The singing of the Strasbourg Protestants, 1523-1541." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610281.

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36

Crawford, David John. "Courts of conscience : English Archdeacons' courts at the time of the Reformation, c.1515-1558." Phd thesis, Faculty of Arts, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9735.

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37

Glowark, Erik. "The Christianization of Japan During the First Thirty Years of the Jesuit Apostolate." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11510.

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viii, 169 p. The Jesuit mission to Japan (1549-1639) has long attracted the attention of historians because it coincided with a number of developments in Japanese history: increasing contact with Western powers, political reunification, and the transition to early modernity. However, few historians have placed the Jesuit mission in the wider context of Christianization, a process that many different peoples and cultures globally experienced during the premodern and early modern periods. This study examines Japan's participation in the world-historical process of Christianization during the first thirty years of the Jesuit apostolate. Making extensive use of Jesuit documents written between 1548 and 1561, this study demonstrates how the Japanese of the sixteenth century experienced Christianization and how that experience connected them to other missionized peoples and cultures across time and space. Committee in charge: Jeffrey Hanes, Chairperson; Andrew Goble, Member; Robert Haskett, Member 10000-01-01

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38

Coffey, Shaun C. "The 21st Century Cancer Care Wellness Facility: A Study, Interpretation, and Application of 16th Century Japanese Tea-house Themes." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64515.

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Buildings which address space through all the senses, rather than being dominated by ocular centric considerations solely, have become the minority within the discipline of Architecture. This can create an imbalance, perceivable as feelings of estrangement and detachment for the inhabitant. Estrangement is particularly evident within health care architecture, which owes much of its current form to ideas developed during Modernism. In response to this imbalance, Architecture from the past may have lessons which can be applied. This thesis investigates the potential of applying spatial techniques and approaches learned from the 16th century Japanese tea-house. A health care building which benefits from the same kind of reflective and contemplative spaces inherent in the tea-house includes counseling facilities, and therefore an outpatient cancer care center was chosen to apply these lessons. Among the techniques researched and applied, the use of a sequential vision of spatial experience, which reveals the building in stages and facilitates spaces for pause and reflection, was particularly powerful. The result is a building with spaces that take on an almost sacred tone, where one can be at peace with the realities of their current situation, and begin thinking about the path forward. Master of Architecture

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39

Robert-Nicoud, Vincent Corentin. "The world upside-down in sixteenth-century French literature and visual culture." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1c0536cf-ffcf-4324-a626-19075e1acca8.

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To call something 'inverted' or 'topsy-turvy' in the sixteenth century is, above all, to label it as abnormal, unnatural and going against the natural order of things. The topos of the world upside-down brings to mind a world returned to its initial state of primeval chaos, in which everything is inside-out, topsy-turvy and out of bounds: fish live in trees, children rule over their parents, wives command their husband and rivers flow back to their source. This thesis undertakes a detailed account of the development of the topos of the world upside-down in sixteenth-century French literature and visual culture. By examining different uses of this topos - comic, moralising and polemical - it relates the transformations of the topos to religious, social and political conflicts of the period. To explain the shift of this topos from comic and moralising device to satirical and polemical tool, this thesis argues that troubled times produce troubled texts. In order to demonstrate this hypothesis, two kinds of evidence will be examined: Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 present diachronic evidence of the 'polemicisation' of the topos of the world upside-down in literary genres of the period (adages, paradoxes and emblems) and within François Rabelais's body of work; Chapter 3 and 4 provide synchronic evidence of the polemical use of the topos of the world upside-down during the French religious wars in Huguenot and Catholic polemic and in depictions of socio-political turmoil. Charting the variety of uses of the topos of the world upside-down throughout the sixteenth century, this thesis connects the world upside-down and its historical context; and contributes to the scholarship on religious polemic.

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40

Jones, Morgan. "Gwaith Sion Phylip I noddwyr sir Gaernarfon." Thesis, Bangor University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340492.

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41

Kwok, Yiu-wah, and 郭耀華. "The role of Chinese in Mongolia in the develoipment of Ming-Mongol relationship during the Jiajing Reign (1522-1567)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31950942.

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42

Taylor, Katie. "Communicating mathematics through vernacular books in Elizabethan England." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607744.

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43

Nicholls, Sophie Eugenie Bay. "France and the Catholic League, 1576-1594." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610419.

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44

Sobers-Khan, Nur Anna Helene. "Slaves without shackles : forced labour and manumission in the Galata court registers, 1560-1572." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608134.

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45

Hui, Desmond Cheuk-Kuen. "The science of beauty? : theories of proportion from the 16th to the 20th century." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252308.

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46

Owens, Travis J. "Beleaguered Muslim fortresses and Ethiopian imperial expansion from the 13th to the 16th century." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA483490.

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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Middle East, South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa))--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2008. Thesis Advisor(s): Lawson, Letitia ; Kadhim, Abbas. "June 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on August 26, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 43-48). Also available in print.

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47

Park, Simon. "Diogo Bernardes and 'O Lima' (1596) : poetry, patronage, and print in early modern Portugal." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cc5da494-8e61-4e94-abbc-2093396352ba.

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This thesis examines how the fortunes of poets and the status of poetry were changing at the end of the sixteenth century in Portugal. Centring on the long-neglected verse epistles in Diogo Bernardes's 'O Lima' (1596), I re-evaluate our sense of what it meant to be a poet when writing verse was not a sure-fire way to earn a living and when lyric poetry was regularly lampooned as trifling and immoral. Bernardes's surprisingly forthright cartas, I argue, offer new insights into the protagonists and procedures of literary patronage in Portugal. I use a combination of close readings and sociological methods to illuminate the practical strategies and rhetorical brinkmanship that Bernardes deployed in his quest for favour and highlight the frustrations and moral dilemmas of seeking the support of powerful, but fickle, patrons. Bernardes was a particularly remarkable writer for having printed his verse during his lifetime, and so I also trace how lyric verse was slowly legitimated as a cultural product during the sixteenth century and offer a case study of how an author's reputation was forged in the collaborative enterprise of print, then re-formed by the work of readers, thereby shedding light on the complex mechanisms of early modern canon formation. Paradoxically, I demonstrate that unequivocal praise of a writer's work can harm, rather than help, their chances of remaining in the canon. Although Bernardes's work is an echo chamber for these deep reverberations from the broader history of literature, this thesis also listens closely to Bernardes's distinctive poetic voice and allows it to speak out. Playful, candid, mercurial, it is a poetic voice that here seeks a wider audience.

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48

Diffley, Paul Brian. "Paolo Beni : a biographical and critical study." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fcd4391e-4bfc-41bb-abbd-37ae4ba33158.

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The thesis is divided into three parts. Part One treats Beni's life and works from his birth in 1553 to 1604. His birth, his ancestry, his early education, his early careers, his Jesuit career and its aftermath are described from documentary evidence. His works of this period, most of which are inextricably connected with his life, are also briefly treated, Part Two narrates the events of the remainder of his life: his writing, his teaching, his publishing, his polemical writing, his relationship with his family, his last illness and death. Part Three provides a more ample critical assessment of his major writings after 1604, grouped according to subject-matter. Chapters are devoted to his criticism of Tasso, to his linguistic writings, to his theory and practice of poetry, history and rhetoric. The conclusion summarizes the pattern of his life and reassesses his importance. The Bibliography is divided into two parts. The first contains Beni's writings in three sections: (a) published works, with a note on the Opera omnia; (b) MS works; (c) a chronological reference list of his (mostly unpublished) letters. Part Two contains all other works consulted, MS and printed.

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49

Cumber, Janey. "Tudor Abingdon : the experience of change and renewal in a sixteenth century town." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3a40ab4c-6bd1-4a88-be9a-36185f7ef591.

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This thesis is an early modern urban study that focuses both on national trends and events but also acknowledges the distinctive nature of the individual town. It takes a holistic approach to economic, administrative and socio-cultural changes and developments in a small but significant Berkshire town. The years after the dissolution of Abingdon abbey in 1538 were a critical time of losses, problems and opportunities for Abingdon. In the light of the town's successful development later in the century how serious were the challenges that it faced and what factors contributed to its survival? After a historiographical introduction and discussion of sources, two chapters investigate the town's medieval development under monastic lordship. The central chapters explore different aspects of change in Abingdon during the reformation period. In practical administrative terms the town's response was opportunistic and positive, due to a happy convergence of government policy and the continuity of local elite leadership. Economic and social strength and diversity gave stability, and a detailed rental survey demonstrates how the acquisition of public and private property benefited the town's elite. However, cultural and religious changes had some ill effects. Chapters 8 and 9 discuss Abingdon's successful administrative, economic and social development under the new institutions of the borough and Christ's Hospital established in the 1550s. Experienced leading men were supported by a thriving middling group of tradesmen. A brief discussion about the relationship between civic culture, civil discipline and puritanism later in the 1500s follows. The thesis concludes that Abingdon's resilience and survival was based on its diversified economic development and on social and cultural continuities. Abingdon's richly documented experience of reformation change demonstrates the need for continuing research into individual towns and offers an important contribution to our understanding of the age of reformation in English urban history.

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50

Meshal, Reem A. "Straddling the sacred and the secular : the autonomy of Ottoman Egyptian courts during the 16th and 17th centuries." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21241.

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The autonomy of the shari` a courts in Ottoman-Egypt during the 16th and 17th centuries, is the subject of this thesis. Specifically, it pursues the question of formalization (the incorporation of courts and their functionaries into the civil apparatus of the state) and, relatedly, the legal innovations which accompanied this policy (the merger of siyasa to shari `a and the development of the qanun ), gauging the implications of both for the judiciaries independence from the state. With regards to procedural law, it finds the courts to be the autonomous domain of its practitioners, muftis and qadis, while concluding that formalization renders the efficacy of the courts dependent on the fortunes of the state. With respect to the two innovations described above, it finds that in the contemplative realm of law, the manipulations of the state spurred certain legal trends without affording the state a place in the domain of law.

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