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1
French, H. R., Peter Gaunt, John Herson, Christopher Godden, Andrew Hobbs, Geoff Timmins, David Churchill, et al. "Book Reviews." Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire 159 (January 2010): 157–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/transactions.159.9.
Повний текст джерела
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Bacchella, Luca, Claudio Lina, Flavia Todone, Armando Negri, Gabriella Tedeschi, Severino Ronchi, and Andrea Mattevi. "Crystallization of L-aspartate oxidase, the first enzyme in the bacterial de novo biosynthesis of NAD." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 55, no. 2 (February 1, 1999): 549–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0907444998011913.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The flavoenzyme L-aspartate oxidase from Escherichia coli was crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion technique with PEG 4000 as precipitant. The crystals belong to space group P3121 (or P3221) with unit-cell parameters a = b = 84.9, c = 159.9 Å. A solvent content of 42% corresponds to a monomer (60 kDa) in the asymmetric unit. A complete 2.8 Å resolution data set was collected using a rotating-anode X-ray generator.
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Maulit, Matthew R., David C. Archer, Whitney D. Leyva, Cameron N. Munger, Megan A. Wong, Lee E. Brown, Jared W. Coburn, and Andrew J. Galpin. "Effects of Kettlebell Swing vs. Explosive Deadlift Training on Strength and Power." International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575//aiac.ijkss.v.5n.1p.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Recent research has compared explosive deadlift to kettlebell training observing their effects on strength. The kettlebell swing is a popular practical exercise as it shares share a hip hinge movement with the explosive deadlift, but the two have not been compared. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of kettlebell swing vs. explosive deadlift training on strength and power. Methods: Thirty-one recreationally resistance-trained men (age = 23.1 ± 2.3 years, height = 175.5 ± 6.6 cm, mass = 83.9 ± 13.8 kg, 1RM deadlift = 159.9 ± 31.7 kg) were randomly assigned to one of two groups [kettlebell swing group (KBG) n = 15, or explosive deadlift group (EDLG) n = 16]. Vertical jump height, isometric mid-thigh pull (MTP), and 1RM deadlift were measured pre and post training. Both groups trained twice per week for 4 weeks. Volume and load were increased after the first 2 weeks of training. Results: A 2 (time) x 2 (group) mixed factor ANOVA revealed a significant (P<0.05) increase in deadlift 1RM (pre: 159.9 ± 31.7 kg, post: 168.9 ± 31.8 kg) and vertical jump height (pre: 56.6 ± 9.9 cm, post: 57.9 ± 9.7 cm) for both groups, but were not significantly different between groups. There were no significant changes in MTP. Conclusions: Strength and conditioning professionals may use both kettlebell swings and explosive deadlifts to increase deadlift strength and vertical jump power.
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Chanal, Valérie. "Récits et management." Revue française de gestion 31, no. 159 (November 1, 2005): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rfg.159.9-14.
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Salo, S. V., O. V. Levchyshyna, A. Yu Gavrylyshyn, A. K. Logutov, and A. Yu Hladun. "The Use of Cangrelor in the Treatment of a Patient with COVID-19-Associated Acute Coronary Syndrome." Ukrainian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery, no. 2 (43) (June 18, 2021): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30702/ujcvs/21.4306/s031092-095/616.132.2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In December 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus occurred in Wuhan, Hubei province, spreading rapidly first throughout China and subsequently across Europe, the United States (US), and the rest of the world. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a public health emergency of international concern, and on March 12, 2020, it was characterized as a pandemic. Patients exposed to this virus named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) frequently present with fever, cough, and shortness of breath within 2 to 14 days after exposure, and then usually develop coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-related pneumonia. Although respiratory symptoms prevail among all clinical manifestations of COVID-19, preliminary studies showed that some patients may develop severe cardiovascular (CV) damage.
To date, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant changes in the prevalence and pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases among the population in Ukraine and other countries and has led to a significant increase in mortality in this category of patients. These changes necessitated adjustment of drug treatment in patients with concomitant COVID-19.
Conclusions. COVID-19 is a global pandemic with unpredictable consequences due to mutually reinforcing damage to the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Treatment of acute coronary syndrome on the background of COVID-19 requires a systematic approach involving physicians of various specialties as well as compliance with anti-epidemic mea- sures. Interventional treatment is quite effective in treating patients with COVID-associated acute coronary syndrome.
COVID-19 patients on mechanical ventilation should use intravenous P2Y12 receptor blockers or drugs that can be crushed and administered through a nasogastric tube. Cangrelor, an intravenous P2Y12 receptor blocker with fast action and high controllability, enabled to achieve the optimal result of the intervention.
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Romero, Eliete Caló, Carla Cristiane da Motta Bernardo, and Paulo H. Yasuda. "Human leptospirosis: a twenty-nine-year serological study in São Paulo, Brazil." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 45, no. 5 (October 2003): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652003000500002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A retrospective study of 9,335 cases of human leptospirosis in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, diagnosed between 1969 and 1997 showed that the disease is endemic throughout the state. Middle-aged adults, with a range of 20-39 years, were most frequently infected (32.40%). The mean annual incidence was 0.53 per 100,000 population and the disease was more frequent in males (87.0%). Cases occurred mainly in January to April each year. A peak was observed in 1991 and 1996 which rainfall average was 159.9 and 160.3, respectively. These data emphasize the potential public health importance of leptospirosis in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.
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Harfoush, A., Abdul W. Allaf, and M. Alibrahim. "Determination of the D/H Ratio in Natural Waters of Syria." Water Quality Research Journal 36, no. 1 (February 1, 2001): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2001.010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Natural water samples were collected from various locations in Syria and were analyzed to determine the D/H ratio, using stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Three types of water (a, b and c) were found. The D/H ratios were from 156.6 × 10-6 to 148.9 × 10-6, 159.9 × 10-6 to 158.1 × 10-6, and 170.7 × 10-6 to 153.4 × 10-6 for a-, b- and c-type waters, respectively. The most characterized locations were found in closed dam reservoir (c-type). It is estimated that the D/H ratio in c-type water is proportional to the mean daily evaporation rate and accumulation efficiency and is inversely proportional to the water mean depth. The electrical conductivity is found to be proportional to the D/H value for each separate location of c-type water.
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Li, Wang, Tian Xu, Zheng Ma, Abubakar-Yakubu Haruna, Qing-Hui Jiang, Yu-Bo Luo, and Jun-You Yang. "Simultaneous Optimization of Power Factor and Thermal Conductivity towards High-Performance InSb-Based Thermoelectric Materials." Chinese Physics Letters 38, no. 9 (October 1, 2021): 097201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/38/9/097201.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thermoelectric performance of InSb is restricted by its low Seebeck coefficient and high thermal conductivity. Here, CuCl is employed to optimize simultaneously the electrical and thermal transport properties of InSb. The substitution of Cl for Sb results in enhanced electron effective mass, leading to high Seebeck coefficient of –159.9 μV/K and high power factor of 31.5 μW⋅cm−1⋅K−2 at 733 K for InSb + 5 wt% CuCl sample. In addition, CuCl doping creates hierarchical architectures composed of Cu9In4, Sb, Cu2Sb in InSb, leading to a strengthened phonon scattering in a wide wavelength (i.e., nano to meso scale), thus a low lattice thermal conductivity of 2.97 W⋅m−1⋅K−1 at 733 K in InSb + 5 wt% CuCl. As a result, a maximum ZT of 0.77 at 733 K has been achieved for the InSb + 5 wt% CuCl sample, increasing by ∼ 250% compared to pristine InSb.
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Li, Wang, Tian Xu, Zheng Ma, Abubakar-Yakubu Haruna, Qing-Hui Jiang, Yu-Bo Luo, and Jun-You Yang. "Simultaneous Optimization of Power Factor and Thermal Conductivity towards High-Performance InSb-Based Thermoelectric Materials." Chinese Physics Letters 38, no. 9 (October 1, 2021): 097201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/38/9/097201.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thermoelectric performance of InSb is restricted by its low Seebeck coefficient and high thermal conductivity. Here, CuCl is employed to optimize simultaneously the electrical and thermal transport properties of InSb. The substitution of Cl for Sb results in enhanced electron effective mass, leading to high Seebeck coefficient of –159.9 μV/K and high power factor of 31.5 μW⋅cm−1⋅K−2 at 733 K for InSb + 5 wt% CuCl sample. In addition, CuCl doping creates hierarchical architectures composed of Cu9In4, Sb, Cu2Sb in InSb, leading to a strengthened phonon scattering in a wide wavelength (i.e., nano to meso scale), thus a low lattice thermal conductivity of 2.97 W⋅m−1⋅K−1 at 733 K in InSb + 5 wt% CuCl. As a result, a maximum ZT of 0.77 at 733 K has been achieved for the InSb + 5 wt% CuCl sample, increasing by ∼ 250% compared to pristine InSb.
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Arif, Mariam, Syed Hamad Rasool, Muhammad Khalid Chaudhary, and Zunaira Shakeel. "ESTIMATION OF STATURE." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 11 (November 10, 2018): 1696–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4909.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objectives: Estimation of height from upper arm length in healthy adult medicalstudents in Lahore. Design: Cross sectional, observational. Place and Duration of Study:FMH College of Medicine & Dentistry, Lahore from November 2017 to January 2018. Materialand Methods: This study included 100 healthy medical students (50 males and 50 females)aged 19-25 years. The stature and upper arm length were measured for each subject inanatomical position. The data was compiled on excel and then analyzed on SPSS version11. Results: Stature in males was between 162 and 192 cm with the mean of 173.4 cm andstandard deviation of 6.03 cm while the stature in females was from 147 to 169.5 cm with themean of 159.9 cm and standard deviation of 5.39 cm. Overall, there was positive correlationbetween stature and UAL of subjects (r2=0.86, p=2.85E-44). Also this correlation was evidentfor male cases (r2=0.88, P=5.85E-24) as well as female cases (r=0.96, P=5.72E-35) whenevaluated as separate entities. All these correlations were statistically significant. Conclusion:The study suggested that upper arm length is a reliable factor for predicting the stature inmedical students in Lahore.
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Yatscoff, R. W., K. R. Copeland, and C. J. Faraci. "Abbott TDx monoclonal antibody assay evaluated for measuring cyclosporine in whole blood." Clinical Chemistry 36, no. 11 (November 1, 1990): 1969–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/36.11.1969.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract We report here the evaluation of the Abbott TDx assay with a monoclonal antibody for selectively quantifying cyclosporine (CsA) in whole blood. Over the clinically relevant concentration ranges, results with this assay demonstrated within- and between-run CVs of less than 2.5% and 5%, respectively; sensitivity of 25 micrograms/L; good analytical recovery (100.3%); and linearity with whole-blood specimens. The percentage cross-reactivity of the major CsA metabolites varied from 15.3% for AM9 (M-1), 8.2% for AM1 (M-17), and 3.7% for AM4N (M-21), to less than 3% for the other metabolites tested. Results with the TDx assay (y) correlated well with those by the Sandimmune selective RIA (x; Sandoz) with blood specimens from 44 renal-transplant recipients (n = 44, x= 187.3, y = 198.9, y = 5.49 + 1.03x, r = 0.987). The TDx values were on average 24% higher than those by HPLC (x') with the same patients' specimens (n = 44, x' = 159.9, y = 198.9, y = 15.9 + 1.14x', r = 0.967). We conclude that the Abbott TDx monoclonal antibody assay provides a rapid, precise, and accurate means for quantifying CsA in whole blood.
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Tian, Wei, Xiaomin Li, and Lei Wang. "Forced Fold Amplitude and Sill Thickness Constrained by Wireline and 3-D Seismic Data Suggest an Elastic Magma-Induced Deformation in Tarim Basin, NW China." Minerals 11, no. 3 (March 11, 2021): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11030293.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Disparities between fold amplitude (A) and intrusion thickness (Hsill) are critical in identifying elastic or inelastic deformation in a forced fold. However, accurate measurements of these two parameters are challenging because of the limit in separability and detectability of the seismic data. We combined wireline data and 3-D seismic data from the TZ-47 exploring area in the Tarim Basin, Northwest China, to accurately constrain the fold amplitude and total thickness of sills that induced roof uplift in the terrain. Results from the measurement show that the forced fold amplitude is 155.0 m. After decompaction, the original forced fold amplitude in the area penetrated by the well T47 ranged from 159.9 to 225.8 m, which overlaps the total thickness of the stack of sills recovered by seismic method (171.4 m) and well log method (181.0 m). Therefore, the fold amplitude at T47 area is likely to be elastic. In contrast, the outer area of the TZ-47 forced fold is characterized by shear-style deformation, indicating inelastic deformation at the marginal area. It is suggested that interbedded limestone layers would play an important role in strengthening the roof layers, preventing inelastic deformation during the emplacement of intrusive magma.
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Hartati, H., A. A. R. Hapsari, B. D. P. Soewandi, S. Anwar, S. P. Rahmadani, A. Aryogi, and D. Pamungkas. "Association of GHR|AluI gene polymorphism with body weight parameters in Grati-PO cattle." Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 46, no. 4 (August 6, 2021): 272–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.46.4.272-281.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene is member of the class I cytokine receptor family that important in growth regulation including in cattle. This study aimed to analyze the association between GHR|AluI gene with body weight, parameters in Grati-PO cattle population. A total of 304 blood samples were collected from the experimental station at the Beef Cattle Research Station, which were also equipped with 304 phenotypic data. DNA was extracted using a zymo extraction kit. Detection of of the polymorphism of GHR gene using PCR-RFLP method with AluI restriction enzymes. polymorphism indicators include genotype frequency, allele frequency, Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), polymorphism information content (PIC) and number of effective alleles (Ne). Association analysis was carried out using a linear mixed model. The performance of birth weight, weaning weight, yearling weight and 18 months weight were 25.4 + 0.2 kg; 113.8 + 2.3 kg; 159.9 + 2.7 kg and 213.7 + 3.6 kg, respectively. The result of association analysis was significant (P<0.05) on weaning weight, yearling weight and 18 months weight. It could be concluded that the GHR gene has potential to be a candidate genetic marker for growth traits in Grati-PO cattle.
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Chuan, Li Min, Huai Guo Zheng, Cui Ping Tan, Su Fen Sun, and Jun Feng Zhang. "Characteristics of K Nutrient Input/Output and its Balance for Wheat Season in China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 678 (October 2014): 720–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.678.720.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study, the input and output parameters of potassium (K) for wheat season were collected from 2000 to 2011 to evaluate the nutrient cycling and balance in North Central China, the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River and Northwest China. The results showed that the K fertilizer application rates for each region were 74.7, 102.9 and 50.6 kg K/ha, the K brought from previous crop were 99.5, 19.8 and 23.4 kg K/ha, and brought from seeding were 1.0, 0.8 and 0.7 kg K/ha, respectively. The K input from atmospheric deposition and irrigation were all considered zero. The K uptake by harvest in above-ground plant in North Central China, the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River and Northwest China were 131.8, 159.9 and 119.8 kg K/ha. As a result, The K balance in North Central China showed surplus by 43.6 kg/ha, while in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River and Northwest China, the K balance were both deficiency by 36.4 and 45.1 kg/ha, even though it did not affect the crop yield. While it is suggested that we need to adjust the K fertilizer application in a long term, in order to maintain the sustainable soil fertility.
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Marado, Luís, and Jorge Ribeiro. "Biological Profile Estimation Based on Footprints and Shoeprints from Bracara Augusta Figlinae (Brick Workshops)." Heritage 1, no. 1 (May 14, 2018): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage1010003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Biological profile estimation is an important task of biological and forensic anthropologists. This includes sex, age, ancestry, and body morphology. In bioarchaeology, the biological profile is useful to analyze paleodemography, secular trends, paleopathology, and genetic processes, for example. Foot dimensions, footprints, and shoeprints can vary according to stature, age, sex, and body weight. The objective is to estimate these parameters in possible laterarii (brickworkers) from five footprints and seven shoeprints found in Roman bricks from Bracara Augusta. Estimation methods were applied to footprint and shoeprint measurements concerning foot length, foot breath, heel breadth, and length from heel to each finger. Three non-adult individuals were aged 1 to 4/5 years and were between 79.7 and 112.5 cm (±7.7 cm) tall. Five adults were likely female individuals, with statures between 144.2 and 159.9 cm. Methods were selected from samples preferably biologically similar to Portuguese people. This pioneer analysis provides biological insight on the Bracara Augusta laterarii and the population inhabiting Northwestern Iberia during Roman times. As a result of taphonomic constraints (cremation, soil acidity, and humidity), coeval osteological materials are hardly recovered, which further increases the relevance of this approach. Future research on methods based on Portuguese foot dimensions is essential.
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Tandong, Yao, Duan Keqin, Xu Baiqing, Wang Ninglian, Pu Jianchen, Kang Shichang, Qin Xiang, and Lonnie G. Thompson. "Temperature and methane changes over the past 1000 years recorded in Dasuopu glacier (central Himalaya) ice core." Annals of Glaciology 35 (2002): 379–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756402781816997.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractIn 1997, three ice cores were recovered from Dasuopu glacier on the northern slope of the central Himalaya. the first core, 159.9 m long, was drilled at 7000ma.s.l. down the flowline from the top of the col. the second core, 149.2m long, was drilled on the col at 7200ma.s.l. the third core, 167.7 m long, was also drilled on the col at 7200ma.s.l., 100 maway from the second core. the present paper discusses the δ18O and methane results reconstructed for the past 1000 years based on the second core. the δ18O can be interpreted as an air-temperature signal. the methane concentration is mainly representative of atmospheric methane concentration. Both δ18O and methane records show an obvious increasing trend in the past 1000 years. Methane concentration in the record is similar to the fluctuations of δ18O, decreasing during cold periods and increasing during warm periods. the Little Ice Age was well recorded in the core by both δ18O and methane. the coldest period appeared in the late 18th century, accompanied by a decrease in methane concentration. the abrupt methane-concentration increase starting after the 18th century is no doubt due to anthropogenic input. the observed methane-concentration decrease during World Wars I and II clearly demonstrates the importance of the anthropogenic input to atmospheric methane concentration if further measurements prove that it is a true atmospheric signal.
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Mulamattathil, Suma George, Carlos Bezuidenhout, and Moses Mbewe. "Analysis of physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of drinking water in Mafikeng, South Africa." Journal of Water and Health 13, no. 4 (June 1, 2015): 1143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2015.273.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mafikeng, the capital of the North West Province, receives water from two sources, namely the Molopo eye and the Modimola dam. Once treated, the potable water is mixed and supplied to the city via distribution systems. This study was designed to assess the quality of drinking water in Mafikeng and also to determine whether the water from the two sources has an impact on the mixed water quality. Physico-chemical parameters and bacteriological quality (faecal coliforms (FCs), total coliforms (TCs), heterotrophic bacteria and Peudomonas spp.) was monitored at three drinking water sites weekly for 4 months. The results revealed that the physico-chemical quality of the water was generally acceptable. The pH ranged from 5.7 ± 0.18 to 8.6 ± 0.14, the temperature ranged from 18.3 ± 0.69 to 25.1 ± 0.69 °C and the total dissolved solids (TDS) ranged from 159.9 ± 22.44 to 364.4 ± 12.44 mg/l. These values are within the target water quality range for drinking water as prescribed by WHO, Department of Water Affairs and SANS 241. What is of concern was the microbial quality of the water. FCs, TCs, heterotrophic bacteria and Pseudomonas spp. were present in some of the treated water samples. The most significant finding of this study is that all drinking water samples were positive for Pseudomonas spp. (>100/100 ml).
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Daly, Lorcan S., Ciarán Ó. Catháin, and David T. Kelly. "Gaelic Football Match-Play: Performance Attenuation and Timeline of Recovery." Sports 8, no. 12 (December 17, 2020): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports8120166.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study investigated acute changes in markers of fatigue and performance attenuation during and following a competitive senior club-level Gaelic football match. Forty-one players were tested immediately pre-match, at half-time, full-time, 24 h post-match and 48 h post-match. Creatine kinase, drop jump height and contact-time, reactive strength index, countermovement jump height and perceptual responses were assessed at the aforementioned time-points. 18 Hz global positioning system devices were used to record players in-game workload measures. Compared to pre-match, perceptual responses (−27.6%) and countermovement jump height (−3.9%) were significantly reduced at full-time (p < 0.05). Drop jump height (−8.8%), perceptual responses (−27.6%), reactive strength index (−15.6%) and countermovement jump height (−8.6%) were significantly lower 24 h post-match (p < 0.05). Pre-match creatine kinase was significantly increased (+16.2% to +159.9%) when compared to all other time-points (p < 0.05). Total distance, total accelerations, total sprints, sprint distance and average heart rate were all correlated to changes in perceptual responses (r = 0.34 to 0.56, p < 0.05). Additionally, maximum speed achieved (r = 0.34) and sprint distance (r = 0.31) were significantly related to countermovement jump changes (p < 0.05), while impacts (r = 0.36) were correlated to creatine kinase increases (p < 0.05). These results demonstrate that Gaelic football match-play elicits substantial neuromuscular, biochemical and perceptual disturbances.
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Huang, Liu, Liu, Liu, Xu, Li, Lv, Liu, Zhou, and Xu. "Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction of Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and Its Metabolites from Environmental Water Samples Using Ionic Liquid Modified Magnetic Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube/Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 as Sorbent." Molecules 24, no. 15 (July 29, 2019): 2758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24152758.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As persistent organic pollutants, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) and their metabolites pose considerable risks to human health and the environment. Therefore, monitoring DDTs in the environment is essential. Here, we developed a green, simple, and effective magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) method coupled with gas chromatography tandem triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry to determine the DDT content of environmental water samples. A magnetic ionic liquid (IL) adsorbent was developed based on a modified magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotube/zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (MM/ZIF-8/IL), synthesized by immobilizing the IL on the surface of MM/ZIF-8. We confirmed successful synthesis of MM/ZIF-8/IL by material characterization, and our results suggested that the MM/ZIF-8/IL had a high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area (159.9 m2 g−1), good thermostability (<800 °C), and a high degree of superparamagnetism (52.9 emu g−1). Several experimental conditions affecting the MSPE efficiency were optimized. Under the best conditions, good detection linearity was achieved (0.5–500 µg L−1) with determination coefficients ranging from 0.9927 to 0.9971. The lower limits of detection (0.0016–0.0072 µg L−1) also had good precision, having an intraday relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤ 6.5% and an interday RSD ≤ 8.9%. Finally, we used the as-developed method to determine DDT levels in environmental water samples.
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Wang, Lei, Huizhi Liu, Jihua Sun, and Yaping Shao. "Biophysical effects on the interannual variation in carbon dioxide exchange of an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 8 (April 20, 2017): 5119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5119-2017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Eddy covariance measurements from 2012 to 2015 were used to investigate the interannual variation in carbon dioxide exchange and its control over an alpine meadow on the south-east margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The annual net ecosystem exchange (NEE) in the 4 years from 2012 to 2015 was −114.2, −158.5, −159.9 and −212.6 g C m−2 yr−1, and generally decreased with the mean annual air temperature (MAT). An exception occurred in 2014, which had the highest MAT. This was attributed to higher ecosystem respiration (RE) and similar gross primary production (GPP) in 2014 because the GPP increased with the MAT, but became saturated due to the limit in photosynthetic capacity. In the spring (March to May) of 2012, low air temperature (Ta) and drought events delayed grass germination and reduced GPP. In the late wet season (September to October) of 2012 and 2013, the low Ta in September and its negative effects on vegetation growth caused earlier grass senescence and significantly lower GPP. This indicates that the seasonal pattern of Ta has a substantial effect on the annual total GPP, which is consistent with results obtained using the homogeneity-of-slopes (HOS) model. The model results showed that the climatic seasonal variation explained 48.6 % of the GPP variability, while the percentages explained by climatic interannual variation and the ecosystem functional change were 9.7 and 10.6 %, respectively.
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Sugihartono, Tono, Yahya Eko Nopiyanto, Septian Raibowo, and Bogy Restu Ilahi. "The relationship between athletes' perceptions of Covid-19 and communication with the psychological skills." Journal Sport Area 6, no. 2 (July 22, 2021): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/sportarea.2021.vol6(2).6337.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Many athletes experienced psychological problems and communication with their coaches during the Covid-19 pandemic. The purposes of this study was to determine: athletes’ perceptions of Covid-19, communication athletes to coaches, the psychological skills of athletes, the relationship between athletes’ perceptions of Covid-19, and communication athletes-coaches with the psychological skills of Bengkulu athletes during Covid-19. The method used in this research was quantitative with a correlation approach. The population in this research was all Bengkulu athletes who would participate in National Sports Week (PON) Papua 2021, totaling 83 athletes. Sampling technique used is total sampling so that all populations were used as research samples. Research techniques and instruments used individual perception about Covid-19 questionnaire, the coaches-athletes relationship questionnaire, and the psychological skills inventory for sports questionnaire. Data analysis technique used multiple regression with SPSS at the significance level of 0.05. The result of this study indicates that: (1) athletes’ perceptions of Covid-19 have a good perception with score 70.00 – 84.00, (2) communication athletes to coaches have very good communication with score 41.39 - 46.00, (3) the psychological skills of athletes have a good category with score 129.20 - 159.9, (4) there was a significant relationship between athletes’ perceptions of Covid-19, communication athletes-coaches with psychological skills level of Bengkulu athletes during pandemic Covid-19 with sig. score 0.005 < 0.05.
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Soroka, S. V. "Protection of grain crops with herbicide Secator Plus, MD." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series 58, no. 4 (November 4, 2020): 443–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2020-58-4-443-454.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The natural and climatic conditions of Belarusare favorable for development of over 300 species of weeds. Currently, perennial, wintering, winter and spring weeds dominate among grain crops. When grain crops are infested with both annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds, herbicides containing several active substances are efficient. One of such promising herbicides is the new herbicide Secator Plus, MD(2.4 acid, 433 g/l + iodosulfuron, 62.5 g/l + amidosulfuron, 25 g/l + mefenpyr /antidote/, 62.5 g/l). This herbicide used at the rate of 0.3-0.5 l/ha for winter grain crops provided high biological efficiency against the dominant annual and some perennial dicotyledonous weeds (80–100% loss): Chenopodium album L., Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik., Galeopsis tetrahit L., Tripleurospermum inodorum Sch.-Bip., Galium aparine L., Sonchus arvensis L., etc. In the studied crops, reliable increases in preserved grain yield were obtained. Economic benefit: the net income in winter wheat crops amounted to 60.0-90.0 dollars/ha, winter triticale 35.5-43.7 dollars/ha, and spring wheat 159.9-212.3 dollars/ha. Based on the research results, the herbicide Secator Plus, MD is registered in the State Register of Plant Protection Products (pesticides) and fertilizers permitted for use on the territory of theRepublic ofBelarus. The research results are of interest in the field of herbology, since they reveal the mechanisms of interaction of various active substances in herbicide, show possibilities of its widespread use in agriculture.
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Weizman, Zvi, and Shaul Sofer. "Acute Pancreatitis in Children With Anticholinesterase Insecticide Intoxication." Pediatrics 90, no. 2 (August 1, 1992): 204–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.90.2.204.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Gastrointestinal symptoms are commonly seen in anticholinesterase insecticide intoxication. A few studies in adults have demonstrated some evidence for pancreatic damage in this poisoning. To see whether this association exists also in children, we conducted a prospective study in 17 consecutive children with typical organophosphate and carbamate poisoning. On admission and following recovery, serum amylase, immunoreactive trypsin, glucose, calcium, urea, creatinine, and arterial blood gas values were determined and compared with those of age-matched control subjects. Acute pancreatitis was diagnosed in 5 subjects. They demonstrated significantly elevated (greater than mean + 2 SD) serum levels of both immunoreactive trypsin (914.0 ± 317.4 ng/mL, 159.9 ± 36.4 ng/mL, and 169.7 ± 41.2 ng/mL, respectively; P < .01) and amylase (448.0 ± 264.4 U/L, 152.8 ± 90.9 U/L, and 56.8 ± 26.3 U/L, respectively; P < .001; n = 4), compared with other patients and control subjects. Gastrointestinal symptoms were noted in all 5 subjects, with severe abdominal pain in 2. Such symptoms were evident in only 41% of the other 12 patients. Serum glucose levels were significantly elevated in these subjects compared with others (389.0 ± 66.2 mg/100 mL vs 180.4 ± 72.3 mg/100 mL; P < .01). None had hypocalcemia, renal dysfunction, or acidosis. All had complete recovery. It is concluded that acute pancreatitis is probably not rare in children with anticholinesterase insecticide poisoning. This may contribute to the development of gastrointestinal symptoms and hyperglycemia often observed in these patients.
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Rist, Pamela M., Julie E. Buring, Paul M. Ridker, Carlos S. Kase, Tobias Kurth, and Kathryn M. Rexrode. "Lipid levels and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke among women." Neurology 92, no. 19 (April 10, 2019): e2286-e2294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000007454.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ObjectiveTo examine the association between lipid levels and hemorrhagic stroke risk among women.MethodsWe performed a prospective cohort study among 27,937 women enrolled in the Women's Health Study with measured total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), as well as triglycerides. Strokes were confirmed by medical record review. We used Cox proportional hazards models to analyze associations between lipid categories and hemorrhagic stroke risk.ResultsDuring a mean of 19.3 years of follow-up, 137 hemorrhagic strokes occurred. Compared to those with LDL-C levels 100–129.9 mg/dL, after multivariable adjustment, those with LDL-C levels <70 mg/dL had 2.17 times the risk (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05, 4.48) of experiencing a hemorrhagic stroke. No significant increase in risk was seen for those with LDL-C levels 130–159.9 mg/dL (relative risk [RR] 1.14; 95% CI 0.72, 1.80) or 70–99.9 mg/dL (RR 1.25; 95% CI 0.76, 2.04). There was a suggestion, although not significant, of increased risk for those with LDL-C levels ≥160 mg/dL (RR 1.53; 95% CI 0.92, 2.52). Women in the lowest quartile of triglycerides had a significantly increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke compared to women in the top quartile after multivariable adjustment (RR 2.00; 95% CI 1.18, 3.39). We observed no significant associations between total cholesterol or HDL-C levels and hemorrhagic stroke risk.ConclusionLDL-C levels <70 mg/dL and low triglyceride levels were associated with increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke among women.
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Kwon, Joon-Myoung, Ki-Hyun Jeon, Hyue Mee Kim, Min Jeong Kim, Sung Min Lim, Kyung-Hee Kim, Pil Sang Song, Jinsik Park, Rak Kyeong Choi, and Byung-Hee Oh. "Comparing the performance of artificial intelligence and conventional diagnosis criteria for detecting left ventricular hypertrophy using electrocardiography." EP Europace 22, no. 3 (December 4, 2019): 412–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euz324.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Aims Although left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) has a high incidence and clinical importance, the conventional diagnosis criteria for detecting LVH using electrocardiography (ECG) has not been satisfied. We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for detecting LVH. Methods and results This retrospective cohort study involved the review of 21 286 patients who were admitted to two hospitals between October 2016 and July 2018 and underwent 12-lead ECG and echocardiography within 4 weeks. The patients in one hospital were divided into a derivation and internal validation dataset, while the patients in the other hospital were included in only an external validation dataset. An AI algorithm based on an ensemble neural network (ENN) combining convolutional and deep neural network was developed using the derivation dataset. And we visualized the ECG area that the AI algorithm used to make the decision. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the AI algorithm based on ENN was 0.880 (95% confidence interval 0.877–0.883) and 0.868 (0.865–0.871) during the internal and external validations. These results significantly outperformed the cardiologist’s clinical assessment with Romhilt-Estes point system and Cornell voltage criteria, Sokolov-Lyon criteria, and interpretation of ECG machine. At the same specificity, the AI algorithm based on ENN achieved 159.9%, 177.7%, and 143.8% higher sensitivities than those of the cardiologist’s assessment, Sokolov-Lyon criteria, and interpretation of ECG machine. Conclusion An AI algorithm based on ENN was highly able to detect LVH and outperformed cardiologists, conventional methods, and other machine learning techniques.
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Cao, Ruixue, Yanwu Pei, Xiaoxu Jia, and Laiming Huang. "Rapid soil water recovery after conversion of introduced peashrub and alfalfa to natural grassland on northern China’s Loess Plateau." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 100, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 302–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2020-0010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To evaluate the potential of soil water recovery after thinning, in situ soil water content in the 0–500 cm soil profile under thinned (50%–100%) and unthinned peashrub and alfalfa plots and a nearby natural grassland in the Liudaogou watershed in China’s Loess Plateau (CLP) was measured monthly during 2015–2017 growing season using a neutron probe. At the start of experiment, the profile soil water storage (SWS0–500 cm) under introduced peashrub and alfalfa was, respectively, 18.8% and 12.2% lower than that under natural grassland. This showed that there was higher water consumption by planted vegetation, compared with native grass. After thinning, SWS0–500 cm in thinned peashrub and alfalfa plots was significantly higher than that in unthinned plots due to decrease in both interception and transpiration. The increase in SWS0–500 cm in the 100% thinned peashrub plot (159.9–216.1 mm) was much higher than that in 50% thinned peashrub (39.1–169.8 mm) and 100% thinned alfalfa (20.3–118.1 mm) plots. This indicated that the extent of soil water recovery varied with thinning intensity and vegetation type. At the end of the third growing season, soil water restoration frontier in the thinned peashrub and alfalfa plots (>300 cm) was much greater than that in the unthinned plots (<180 cm). It also indicated that with thinning, soil water (<300 cm) can recover rapidly following two successive wet years. The results suggested that concerns about soil desiccation and the potential impact on long-term sustainability of restored ecosystems on CLP were resolvable.
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Park, Yong-Seok, Sung-Hoon Kim, Yoon Se Lee, Seung-Ho Choi, Seung-Woo Ku, and Gyu-Sam Hwang. "Real-Time Monitoring of Blood Pressure Using Digitalized Pulse Arrival Time Calculation Technology for Prompt Detection of Sudden Hypertensive Episodes During Laryngeal Microsurgery: Retrospective Observational Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 5 (May 15, 2020): e13156. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/13156.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background Laryngeal microsurgery (LMS) is often accompanied by a sudden increase in blood pressure (BP) during surgery because of stimulation around the larynx. This sudden change in the hemodynamic status is not immediately reflected in a casual cuff-type measurement that takes intermittent readings every 3 to 5 min. Objective This study aimed to investigate the potential of pulse arrival time (PAT) as a marker for a BP surge, which usually occurs in patients undergoing LMS. Methods Intermittent measurements of BP and electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals were recorded during LMS. PAT was defined as the interval between the R-peak on the ECG and the maximum slope on the PPG. Mean PAT values before and after BP increase were compared. PPG-related parameters and the correlations between changes in these variables were calculated. Results BP surged because of laryngoscopic manipulation (mean systolic BP [SBP] from 115.3, SD 21.4 mmHg, to 159.9, SD 25.2 mmHg; P<.001), whereas PAT decreased significantly (from mean 460.6, SD 51.9 ms, to 405.8, SD 50.1 ms; P<.001) in most of the cases. The change in SBP showed a significant correlation with the inverse of the PAT (r=0.582; P<.001). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that an increase of 11.5% in the inverse of the PAT could detect a 40% increase in SBP, and the area under the curve was 0.814. Conclusions During LMS, where invasive arterial catheterization is not always possible, PAT shows good correlation with SBP and may, therefore, have the potential to identify abrupt BP surges during laryngoscopic manipulations in a noninvasive manner.
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O’Sullivan, Ewan, Françoise Combes, Arif Babul, Scott Chapman, Kedar A. Phadke, Gerrit Schellenberger, and Philippe Salomé. "Molecular gas along the old radio jets of the cluster-central type 2 quasar IRAS 09104+4109." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 508, no. 3 (October 1, 2021): 3796–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2825.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT We present Northern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) CO(2–1) maps of the z = 0.4418 cluster-central quasi-stellar object (QSO) IRAS 09104+4109, which trace ∼4.5 × 1010 M⊙ of molecular gas in and around the galaxy. As in many low-redshift cool-core clusters, the molecular gas is located in a series of clumps extending along the old radio jets and lobes. It has a relatively low velocity dispersion [336$^{+39}_{-35}$ km s−1 full width at half-maximum (FWHM)] and shows no velocity gradients indicative of outflow or infall. Roughly half the gas is located in a central clump on the north-east side of the galaxy, overlapping a bright ionized gas filament and a spur of excess X-ray emission, suggesting that this is a location of rapid cooling. The molecular gas is unusually extended, out to ∼55 kpc radius, comparable to the scale of the filamentary nebula in the Perseus cluster, despite the much higher redshift of this system. The extent falls within the thermal instability radius of the intracluster medium (ICM), with tcool/$t_{\rm ff} \lt 25$ and tcool/$t_{\rm eddy} \sim 1$ within ∼70 kpc. Continuum measurements at 159.9 GHz from NOEMA and 850 $\mu$m from the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) Submillimeter Common-User Bolometer Array 2 (SCUBA-2) show excess far-infrared emission, which we interpret as free–free emission arising from the ongoing starburst. These observations suggest that ICM cooling is not strongly affected by the buried QSO, and that cooling from the ICM can build gas reservoirs sufficient to fuel quasar-mode activity and drive the reorientation of the central active galactic nuclei (AGN).
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Zelyanin, Dmitrii A., Vadim E. Dubrov, Aleksandr S. Zelyanin, Vladislav V. Filippov, Dmitrii V. Yashin, and Karen A. Petrosyan. "Features of the Extraction of the Anterior Tibial Vessels in the Formation of Vascularized Bone Grafts." Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia 28, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2311-2905-1719.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background. The currently existing techniques for dissection the anterior tibial vascular bundle in the proximal third of the lower leg do not provide sufficient length of the vascular pedicle to rotate the tibial bone graft to the level of the middle third of the thigh.
The aim of the study to substantiate the possibility of pedicled transfer to the level of the thigh middle third of two blood-supplied bone autografts on a common permanent pedicle, including the anterior tibial vascular bundle.
Material and Methods. The study was conducted on 62 lower limbs of non-fixed (native) corpses. We studied the topographic and anatomical relationship between the anterior tibial vascular bundle and the deep peroneal nerve at the level of the proximal third of the leg.
Results. The distance between the tip of the greater trochanter of the femur and the distal edge of the anterior tibial bone graft using a combination of grafts at the same level in men was Me 176.7 [173.7; 193.9] mm, in women Me = 151.6 [146.9; 159.9] mm. An analysis of limb lengths ratios in men and women indicates standard level that can be achieved with graft rotation in each person.
Conclusion. Dissection of the anterior tibial vascular bundle at the level of the proximal third of the lower leg allows rotation of the complex of the anterior tibial bone autograft and the autograft of the second metatarsal bone into the area of the middle third of the femur on a single vascular bundle. Prevention of injury to the deep peroneal nerve branches during dissection of the vascular pedicle requires the use of microsurgical techniques and preoperative preparation.
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Gul, Mansha, F. A. Khan, Shafiq A. Wani, S. A. Bhat, S. A. Mir, A. Malik, Amit Kumar, et al. "Effects of foliar application of melatonin on gas exchange and certain biochemical characteristics broccoli cv. Palam Samridhi." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 13, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 791–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v13i2.2673.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Considering the rich nutritional status and possibility of broccoli in improving the profitable yield, and wide role of Mel in regulating the plant physiological process, an investigation was carried out at the division of Basic Sciences and Humanities during 2017 to investigate the effect of foliar application of Mel on leaf photosynthetic and biochemical attributes broccoli. Thirty days old and uniform seedlings of broccoli cv. Palam Samridhi were transplanted in the field at a spacing of 45 × 45cm. Different concentrations of Mel, viz. 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 ppm were sprayed on the plant foliage at 15 days after transplanting (DAT) replicating each treatment four times. Leaf gas exchange and biochemical attributes were tested following the standard procedures. The Results showed the lowest stipulated rate of photosynthesis (10.87 µmole.m-2.sec-1), stomatal conductance (301.44 mole H2O.m-2ses-1) and leaf transpiration (1. 14 mole H2O.m-2ses-1) in untreated plants. Different doses of Mel significantly increased the values of these attributes and the highest values of photosynthesis (18.63 µmole.m-2.sec-1), stomatal conductance (324.37 mmole.m-2.ses-1) and leaf transpiration (3.23 mmole.m-2.ses-1) with Mel 60 ppm were recorded. The alterations in different biochemical attributes were also evident due to foliar application of Mel and maximum leaf sugar (77.0 and 85.9µg/g), protein (56.9 and 77.3 µg/g), total phenols (260.1 and 339.9 mg/100g), antioxidants (142.8 and 159.9 mg GAE /100g DW) and MSI (94.89 and 97.43 percent) values with Mel 60ppm at 30 and 60DAT, respectively. Therefore, the present study signifies the useful effects of Mel in regulating the physio-biochemical properties of broccoli.
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Santos, Ana Cláudia, Alexandra Guedes, David French, Aurora Futuro, and Bruno Valentim. "Integrative Study Assessing Space and Time Variations with Emphasis on Rare Earth Element (REE) Distribution and Their Potential on Ashes from Commercial (Colombian) Coal." Minerals 12, no. 2 (February 2, 2022): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12020194.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The increasing demand for rare earth elements (REEs), which is associated with their economic importance and the supply risk, has motivated the research for alternative secondary sources of these elements. Coal and coal combustion ash have been pointed out as promising REE raw materials. This research seeks to understand REE fractionation, from feed coals to ashes, considering seasonal variations, and to assess the trends within the ash fractions that can be used for further beneficiation processes. Colombian commercial feed coals, combustion ashes, and their respective fractions were sampled from a Portuguese power plant and were characterized via petrographical, mineralogical, and chemical analyses. The total REE concentrations in the feed coals studied range between 6.97 and 23.15 ppm, while, in the ashes, they vary from 159.9 to 266.6 ppm. Fly ash (FA) from electrostatic precipitator (ESP) presented higher concentrations than the bottom (BA) and economizer (ECO) ashes. Furthermore, REEs and the LREE/HREE ratio increased slightly towards the back rows of the ESP. In the feed coals, the REEs are significantly correlated with ash, and they occur in micrometric phosphate minerals intermixed with clays. In the ashes, the REEs were mostly detected in micrometric particles, with P and Al-Si as the major components. The results from the fractioned samples show that the REEs were enriched in the fine (<25 µm) and nonmagnetic fractions of the ESP FA. A single trial combining sieving and magnetic separation enabled the attainment of a REE recovery of 53%, and a final enrichment factor of 1.25. Coal combustion ashes and their respective size fractions are promising REE raw materials; however, the REE oxide concentrations are below the economical cutoff of 1000 ppm.
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Ren, Junkun, Aleksandra S. Stankovic, Darin A. Knaus, Scott D. Phillips, Dave B. Kynor, and Jay C. Buckey. "Urinary Calcium for Tracking Bone Loss and Kidney Stone Risk in Space." Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance 91, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 689–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3357/amhp.5606.2020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
INTRODUCTION: Urinary calcium (Uca) levels in space reflect bone loss and kidney stone risk and could be measured using portable devices. This project evaluated the repeatability of Uca measurements to assess how many repeated measurements would be needed to detect significant urinary calcium elevations in space.METHODS: A total of six subjects collected 24-h urine samples weekly for 8 wk and took 500 mg of oral calcium carbonate and 400 IU of vitamin D daily in week 7 and 8. Uca concentration was analyzed using a calcein-based system. The effect of the intake of calcium and vitamin D on Uca levels and the correlation between first void concentration and 24-h mass were assessed with linear mixed effect models. The reproducibility coefficient (RPC) for Uca was determined using Bland-Altman analysis on pairs of measurements at different time points.RESULTS: Oral supplementation did not significantly affect 24-h mass. First void concentration correlated with 24-h mass. The 24-h mass RPCs were 167.0, 116.8, and 108.1 mg for 1-, 2-, and 3-wk average measurements. First void concentration RPCs were 90.6, 76.6, and 72.8 mg L1. Skylab astronauts 24-h mass increased by 88.9 76.0, 123.5 58.3, 142.2 56.5, and 159.9 83.4 mg after 1, 2, 3, and 4 wk in flight.DISCUSSION: Averaging multiple Uca measurements reduced variability effectively and allowed increases likely to be seen in space to be detected. Consecutive Uca measurements could be tracked over time in space to assess the effectiveness of the countermeasure program. First void concentration could potentially be used rather than 24-h collections.Ren J, Stankovic AS, Knaus DA, Phillips SD, Kynor DB, Buckey JC. Urinary calcium for tracking bone loss and kidney stone risk in space. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(9):689696.
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Affandhy, Lukman, Dian Ratnawati, and Mochamad Luthfi. "Herbal Combination Effect on the Quality of Semen and Libido in Ongole Cattle Cross-breed." Majalah Obat Tradisional 22, no. 2 (August 31, 2017): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/tradmedj.27918.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bulls fertility has an important role to conception, so bulls should have a high libido, high quality semen, and good performance. This study aimed to improve the quality of semen bulls using traditional herbal medicine by utilizing a combination of medicinal plants. The study used 20 heads of Peranakan Ongole (PO) bulls, is divided into four trials traditional herbs, namely Curcuma xhanthorriza, Curcuma eoriginosa, Alpinia galanga, Andrographis paniculata, Piper retrofractum, Eurycom longifolia, Pimpenella purwatjan, each of which is F1 (15%, 15%, 20%, 5%, 30%, 15% and 0%); F2 (15%, 15%, 20%, 5%, 30%, 10% and 5%); F3 (15%, 15%, 20%, 5%, 25%, 20% and 0%); and F4 (15%, 15%, 20%, 5%, 25%, 15% and 0%). Giving the bull 50 g dose of herbal formula every 300 kg of body weight bull mixed with 200 ml honey and 5 eggs. Bulls were given traditional herbal formula once a week orally. The dependent variable of sperm volume, quality of sperm and strength libido were assessed with randomized block design one way. The results showed that all four traditional herbal formulas that are given to PO bulls did not appear to significantly affect the volume of semen and libido for a month with an average volume of 3.8 ± 2.8 cc / ejaculate and libido 159.9 ± 20.2 seconds. Sperm motility, sperm concentration, percentage of live sperm, and sperm abnormalities in PO bulls were given traditional herbal medicine with four different formulas also not significant (P> 0.05); with as well as the color, pH and consistency is still within the normal range. It was concluded that the four herbal formula derived from a mixture of traditional medicine can be given to bulls in order to increase libido and semen quality. It is suggested for granting herbal medicine ingredient formula of traditional medicine that are cheap and easily obtained to bulls.
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Maile, Laura A., Walker H. Busby, Katherine A. Gollahon, William Flowers, Nikol Garbacik, Stefani Garbacik, Kara Stewart та ін. "Blocking Ligand Occupancy of the αVβ3 Integrin Inhibits the Development of Nephropathy in Diabetic Pigs". Endocrinology 155, № 12 (1 грудня 2014): 4665–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2014-1318.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hyperglycemia stimulates secretion of αVβ3 ligands from vascular cells, including endothelial cells, resulting in activation of the αVβ3 integrin. This study determined whether blocking ligand occupancy of αVβ3 would inhibit the development of diabetic nephropathy. Ten diabetic pigs received an F(ab)2 fragment of an antibody directed against the extracellular domain of the β3-subunit, and 10 received a control IgG F(ab)2 for 18 weeks. Nondiabetic pigs excreted 115 ± 50 μg of protein/mg creatinine compared with control F(ab)2-treated diabetic animals (218 ± 57 μg/mg), whereas diabetic animals treated with the anti-β3 F(ab)2 excreted 119 ± 55 μg/mg (P < .05). Mesangial volume/glomerular volume increased to 21 ± 2.4% in control-treated diabetic animals compared with 14 ± 2.8% (P < .01) in animals treated with active antibody. Diabetic animals treated with control F(ab)2 had significantly less glomerular podocin staining compared with nondiabetic animals, and this decrease was attenuated by treatment with anti-β3 F(ab)2. Glomerular basement membrane thickness was increased in the control, F(ab)2-treated diabetic animals (212 ± 14 nm) compared with nondiabetic animals (170 ± 8.8 nm), but it was unchanged (159.9 ± 16.4 nm) in animals receiving anti-β3 F(ab)2. Podocyte foot process width was greater in control, F(ab)2-treated, animals (502 ± 34 nm) compared with animals treated with the anti-β3 F(ab)2 (357 ± 47 nm, P < .05). Renal β3 tyrosine phosphorylation decreased from 13 934 ± 6437 to 6730 ± 1524 (P < .01) scanning units in the anti-β3-treated group. We conclude that administration of an antibody that inhibits activation of the β3-subunit of αVβ3 that is induced by hyperglycemia attenuates proteinuria and early histologic changes of diabetic nephropathy, suggesting that it may have utility in preventing the progression of this disease complication.
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Fuusager, Gitte, Nikolaj Milandt, Vikram Vinod Shanbhogue, Anne Pernille Hermann, Anders Jørgen Schou, and Henrik Thybo Christesen. "Lower estimated bone strength and impaired bone microarchitecture in children with type 1 diabetes." BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 8, no. 1 (August 2020): e001384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001384.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
IntroductionPatients with type 1 diabetes has an increased risk of fracture. We wished to evaluate estimated bone strength in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and assess peripheral bone geometry, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and microarchitecture.Research design and methodsIn a cross-sectional study, high-resolution peripheral quantitative CT (HR-pQCT) was performed of the radius and tibia in 84 children with type 1 diabetes and 55 healthy sibling controls. Estimated bone strength was assessed using a microfinite element analysis solver. Multivariate regression analyses were performed adjusting for age, sex, height and body mass index.ResultsThe median age was 13.0 years in the diabetes group vs 11.5 years in healthy sibling controls. The median (range) diabetes duration was 4.2 (0.4−15.9) years; median (range) latest year Hb1Ac was 7.8 (5.9−11.8) % (61.8 (41−106) mmol/mol). In adjusted analyses, patients with type 1 diabetes had reduced estimated bone strength in both radius, β −390.6 (−621.2 to −159.9) N, p=0.001, and tibia, β −891.9 (−1321 to −462.9) N, p<0.001. In the radius and tibia, children with type 1 diabetes had reduced cortical area, trabecular vBMD, trabecular number and trabecular bone volume fraction and increased trabecular inhomogeneity, adjusted p<0.05 for all. Latest year HbA1c was negatively correlated with bone microarchitecture (radius and tibia), trabecular vBMD and estimated bone strength (tibia).ConclusionChildren with type 1 diabetes had reduced estimated bone strength. This reduced bone strength could partly be explained by reduced trabecular bone mineral density, adverse microarchitecture and reduced cortical area. We also found increasing latest year HbA1c to be associated with several adverse changes in bone parameters. HR-pQCT holds potential to identify early adverse bone changes and to explain the increased fracture risk in young patients with type 1 diabetes.
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Blando, Federica, Stefano Marchello, Gabriele Maiorano, Miriana Durante, Angelo Signore, Maura N. Laus, Mario Soccio, and Giovanni Mita. "Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity in Anthocyanin-Rich Carrots: A Comparison between the Black Carrot and the Apulian Landrace “Polignano” Carrot." Plants 10, no. 3 (March 17, 2021): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10030564.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The carrot is one of the most cultivated vegetables in the world. Black or purple carrots contain acylated anthocyanins which are of special interest to the food industry for their stability and nutraceutical characteristics. Anthocyanin-rich fruits and vegetables have gained popularity in the last ten years, due to the health benefits they provide. In this paper, the characterizations of the bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacities of different anthocyanin-containing carrots (a black carrot—BC, and a local purple carrot, the “Polignano” carrot—PC), compared to the commercial orange carrot (OC) (lacking of anthocyanins), are reported. The anthocyanin profiles of the polyphenolic extracts of BC and PC were similar, but differences were observed at quantitative levels. The total anthocyanin content in BC was more than twice that in PC (13.84 ± 0.61 vs. 5.64 ± 0.48 mg K Eq. g−1 DW). Phenolic acids (mostly chlorogenic acid) were also present at high level in anthocyanin-rich carrots compared to OC. High polyphenol content accounted also for a high reducing capacity (evaluated by Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, FCR), and antioxidant capacity (evaluated by TEAC and ORAC assays) which were the highest for BC (FCR value: 16.6 ± 1.1 mg GAE. g−1 DW; TEAC: 76.6 ± 10.6 µmol TE. g−1 DW; ORAC: 159.9 ± 3.3 µmol TE. g−1 DW). All carrot genotypes (mostly OC) were rich in carotenoids (BC 0.14 ± 0.024; PC 0.33 ± 0.038; OC 1.29 ± 0.09 mg. g−1 DW), with predominance of α and β-carotene, in OC, and lutein in BC. PC showed the highest malic acid and sugar (glucose plus fructose) content. In conclusion, while BC is remarkable for nutraceutical features, the local genotype (“Polignano” carrot) is worth considering in genetic biodiversity conservation programme.
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Tanchyk, S. P., O. A. Dudka, O. S. Pavlov, and A. I. Babenko. "Influence of farming systems and soil tillage on available moisture stocks of typical black soil in spring wheat crops." PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE 12, no. 3 (2021): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/agr2021.03.038.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Numerous studies by Ukrainian and foreign scientists have shown that one of the limiting factors for obtaining a stable yield of any crop is the reserves of available moisture in the soil, especially in critical periods of plant growth. The article presents the results of research on the impact of three farming systems – industrial (control), ecological and biological and four options for primary soil tillage – plowing by 20–22 cm (control), chiseling by 20–22 cm, disking by 10–12 cm, disking for 6–8 cm on the reserves of productive moisture in the soil for growing spring durum wheat. According to research, it is established that the highest moisture reserves in a meter of soil for the period of sowing wheat was obtained by combining the biological farming system and chisel tillage, which allowed to accumulate in 2018 – 199.1 mm, 2019 – 179.6 and 2020 – 159.9 mm of available moisture in the soil. The use of chisel tillage in combination with industrial and organic farming systems also provides an advantage in all years of observations over plowing combinations and both disking options with these systems. During the growing season, against the background of all studied agricultural systems, use of chiseling and disking provided the highest reserves of available moisture in the soil. However, the best option should be considered a combination of ecological farming system with chiseling by 20–22 cm, which provided for the flowering period in 2018 – 74.0 mm of moisture, 2019 – 93.7 and 2020 – 90.9 mm, and for the harvest period culture, these indicators were, respectively, 61.0, 67.7 and 61.6 mm. The grain yield of spring durum wheat in this variant was significantly the highest in the experiment and was, respectively, 4.6, 6.7 and 5.6 t/ha.
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Malik, Lateef A., Ali A. Ad’hiah, and Ghazi Aziz. "Phytochemical content and the potential of Punica granatum peel extracts as radical scavengers and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors." Journal of Biotechnology Research Center 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2019.13.1.561.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Natural products of herbal medicines and their secondary metabolites have been suggested to treat T2DM and they may have the potential as DPP-4 inhibitors.
Objective: This study was conducted to estimate the phytochemical content , radical scavenging activity (RSA) and DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) relative inhibition activity (RIA) of different extracts of Punica granatum peel.
Material and Methods: Fruit peel of pomegranate plant Punica granatum were subjected to extraction with four solvents (distilled water(AQ), 80% methanol(ME), 80% acetone(AC) and a mixed solvent(MX) that included methanol, ethanol, acetone and n-butanol at proportions (7:1:1:1), respectively. Yielded extracts were phytochemically analyzed for total polyphenols (TP) , flavonoids (TF) and HPLC analysis. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity (RSA) and DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) relative inhibition activity (RIA) were also assessed for each extract.
Results: The results showed that acetone solvent (AC) extract of fruit peel of Punica granatum recorded the highest content of TP and TF (159.9 ± 1.0 mg Gallic acid equivalent/g dry mass) and (7.6 ± 0.2 mg catechin equivalent/g dry mass, respectively) . Mixture extract (MX) was showed the highest antioxidant activity of (54.7 ± 0.9% RSA). While methanol extract (ME) recorded the highest DPP-4 RIA (47.1 ± 1.5%). HPLC analysis showed the presence of Gallic acid, Tannic acid, Ellagic acid and B carboxylic acid at concentrations of (94.61, 130.14, 528.46 and 159.64 ug/ml, respectively). Conclusion: The importance of natural products as radical scavengers and DPP-4 inhibitors is encouraged, and such biological effects were dependent on the plant species and the solvent of extraction. Punica granatum mixture extract was suggested to have a prominent RSA, while methanol extraction of Punica granatum peels are recommended to be a target for investigations involved in the development of anti-T2DM and anti-cancer therapies.
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Glezer, M. G. "Antihypertensive Effect of Switching to a Fixed Perindopril/Amlodipine Combination in Patients Ineffectively Treated by Free Sartan-Containing Combinations. Results of the AVANGARD Study." Kardiologiia 59, no. 10 (October 15, 2019): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2019.10.n731.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Finding the best options for combined antihypertensive therapy is one of the main tasks to be solved for achieving target blood pressure (BP) and, accordingly, reduction of the risk of complications in patients with arterial hypertension (AH).Purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the perindopril arginine/amlodipine fixed combination in patients with 1-2 degree hypertension not achieving BP control on previous therapy with sartan-containing free combinations.Materials and methods. In the multicenter open uncontrolled observational program AVANGARD 203 doctors in 53 cities of the Russian Federation included 658 patients who had not achieved target BP on therapy with two drugs, one of which was sartan (sartan with diuretic, calcium antagonist, β-blocker, or moxonidine in 49%, 33%, 17%, and 1% of cases, respectively). This therapy was replaced with a fixed combination of perindopril arginine/amlodipine. Duration of observation was 3 months.Results. On therapy with perindopril arginine/amlodipine, BP decreased 159.9±8.5/92.1±7.4 to 125.8±7.1/77.4±5.5 mm Hg. Target BP <140/90 mm Hg was achieved in 93.5% of patients (office measurement); target BP <135/85 mm Hg - in 83.5% of patients (home measurement). Mean 24-hour BP variability decreased from 4.4±2.9/3.0±2.0 to 3.0±2.2/2.2±1.7 mm Hg (p<0.01). Number of patients complaining of headache decreased by 2.9 times, dizziness - by 2.8 times, fatigue - by 2.3 times, irritability - by 3.0 times, sleep disturbances - by 2.3 times, dyspnea - by 3.8 times, palpitations - by 2.7 times, angina pectoris attacks - by 4.6 times. Dose of perindopril arginine/amlodipine was 10/5 mg in 36.6%, and 10/10 mg in 28.3% of cases, respectively. Number ofparticipants who dropped out ofthe study prematurely was 11 (1.6%) (1 because of adverse event). Adverse events were observed in 4 more patients (2 [0.14%] - edema of lower extremities, and 2 [0.14%] -cough), but they did not require the withdrawal of therapy.Conclusion. In case of ineffective combination therapy containing sartans, transfer of patients to a fixed combination of perindopril and amlodipine should be considered.
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Nuss, Philip. "Life Cycle Assessment Handbook: A Guide for Environmentally Sustainable Products, edited by MaryAnn Curran. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., and Salem, MA, USA: Scrivener Publishing LLC, 2012, 611 pp., ISBN 9781118099728, $199.00 (paper), $159.9." Journal of Industrial Ecology 19, no. 1 (January 9, 2015): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12217.
Повний текст джерела
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Halpern, R., V. Barghout, and D. Williams. "Relationship between compliance with imatinib mesylate and medical costs for patients with CML and GIST." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 6618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.6618.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
6618 Background: Imatinib mesylate, an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), has been found both effective and cost-effective. This study examines the relationship between imatinib compliance and health care costs for patients (pts) with CML and GIST. Methods: This retrospective study used claims data from a large national US health plan. Pts had =2 imatinib claims from 6/1/01–3/31/05; =1-year follow-up after the 1st imatinib claim; and diagnosis of CML (ICD9 205.1x) or GIST (ICD9 159.0, 159.8, 159.9 or evaluation of claims and attribution of GIST by independent hematologist/oncologist). Compliance was measured with a medication possession ratio ((days of imatinib during follow-up / days of follow- up)*100). Compliance categories were good, =90%; medium, 70–89.9%; poor, <70%. Total follow-up medical and health care (medical + pharmacy) costs were measured and compared across compliance categories; t-tests compared mean costs. Results: 374 CML and 91 GIST pts had mean age of 52.1 ± 14.0 years. 274 (59%) pts were male. 234 (50%) of pts had 12–24 months follow-up; 231 (50%) had 25–57 months. Mean and median compliance across all pts were 69.4% and 79.7%, respectively. 122 (33%) CML and 32 (35%) GIST pts had good compliance; 149 (40%) CML and 42 (46%) GIST pts had poor compliance. Mean medical costs across all pts were lower and less variable with good compliance ($22,882 ± 22,791) than with medium ($40,366 ± 68,186), p=0.007) and poor ($104,961 ± 190,559), p<0.001). Similarly, mean medical costs for CML pts with good, medium, and poor compliance were $21,456 (±22,127), $41,537 (±72,238, p=0.008), and $117,004 (±211,292, p<0.001), respectively. Mean medical costs for GIST pts were: good=$28,318 (±24,781); medium=$33,270 (±35,356, p=0.584); and poor=$62,235 (±68,751, p<0.001). Mean total health care costs were 21.7% lower for pts with good compliance relative to those with poor. Conclusions: Good imatinib compliance was associated with significantly lower medical costs. Mean total medical costs were 78% lower with good compliance relative to poor. Compliance is an important treatment issue for both clinical and medical cost outcomes. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Hwang, In Cheol, Young Min Park, Woong Chol Kang, and Jeonggeun Moon. "Height Is Associated with Dyslipidemia in Korean Premenopausal Women: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey." Cardiology 145, no. 11 (2020): 736–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000509631.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<b><i>Background:</i></b> The association between height and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been reported in epidemiological studies for decades; however, the mechanism for this relationship is still unclear. We previously reported that dyslipidemia was associated with adult height in Korean men without CVD. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This study explored the potential relationship between height and dyslipidemia in premenopausal women. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study used data from the 2007–2016 Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (KNHANES). We identified 16,361 premenopausal women aged ≥19 years without a history of CVD (myocardial infarction/stroke) or cancer. Fasting total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were measured. Dyslipidemia was further classified as hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol level ≥240 mg/dL or treatment with lipid-lowering medications), hypertriglyceridemia (triglyceride level ≥200 mg/dL), and low HDL-C (HDL-C level <40 mg/dL). Subjects were divided into four groups by their height (<155, 155–159.9, 160–164.9, and ≥165 cm), and the prevalence of dyslipidemia was compared. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Multiple regression analysis revealed that short premenopausal women had a higher likelihood of hypercholesterolemia (<i>p</i><sub>trend</sub> = 0.002), hypertriglyceridemia (<i>p</i><sub>trend</sub> = 0.010), and low HDL-C (<i>p</i><sub>trend</sub> = 0.002) when adjusted for age, comorbidities, waist circumference, health-related habits, and economic status. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> There was a dose-dependent correlation between adult height and adverse lipid profile in premenopausal Korean women who did not have CVD. This finding could serve as further evidence that dyslipidemia can be a link between shortness and CVD.
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Obese, FY, DA Acheampong, and KA Darfour-Oduro. "Growth and reproductive traits of friesian X sanga crossbred cattle in the Accra plains of Ghana." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 13, no. 57 (April 25, 2013): 7357–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.57.11440.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The typical cattle production system in Ghana is predominantly pasture-based. Cattle are grazed all year round on natural pastures with minimal feed supplementation. The animals kept in this production system often experience inadequate nutrition and fluctuating nutrient supply affecting their productivity. There is presently limited information on the growth and reproductive performance of the Friesian x Sanga crossbred cattle (Plate 1) and factors influencing these performance traits. The growth and reproductive performance records of 150 Friesian x Sanga crossbred cattle, kept at the Animal Research Institute station in the Accra Plains of Ghana from April 1993 to October 2009 were evaluated to determine the effect of parity of cow, season of calving and sex of calf on birth weight, weaning weight, growth rate, age at first calving and calving interval. The birth weight and weaning weights of the calves averaged 21.8 ± 0.5 kg and 94.2 ± 3.8 kg, respectively, and were not (P > 0.05) affected by sex of calf, parity of cow or season of calving. Parity of cow affected (P < 0.05) weight of calf at 12 months. Calf weight at 12 and 18 months averaged 128.0 ± 3.4 kg and 159.9 ± 4.5 kg, respectively. Pre-weaning and post-weaning average daily gains were 0.33 ± 0.02 kg/day and 0.23 ± 0.03 kg/day, respectively, and were not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by sex of calf, parity of cow or season of calving. The mean age at first calving was 41.2 ± 1.2 months. Calving interval was prolonged averaging 441.6 ± 10.3 days and was significantly (P < 0.05) affected by parity of cow. Calving interval decreased with increasing parity of cow. The age at first calving and calving interval were not (P > 0.05) affected by either sex of calf or season of calving. The growth and reproductive performance of the Friesian x Sanga crossbred cattle was less than optimum. Improving their nutrition could impact, positively, on their productivity through fast growth, increased milk yield and early resumption of ovarian cycles after calving. Thus, results from this study should guide the development of appropriate strategies for increased meat and milk production in Friesian x Sanga crossbred cattle.
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Feng, W., H. Henk, S. Thomas, J. Baladi, A. Hatfield, G. A. Goldberg, and J. Cortes. "Compliance and persistency with imatinib." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 6038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.6038.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
6038 Background: Imatinib is an oral therapy with efficacy in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Optimal dosing and adherence to treatment is critical to achieve the best clinical outcomes. This study examined compliance and persistency with imatinib and identified the clinical and patient characteristics related to compliance. Methods: Claims data from a US health plan were used to identify imatinib-treated patients from 6/1/01–3/31/04 who had continuous pharmacy and medical benefits in the 3 months prior and 12 months following initiation of imatinib therapy, and a diagnosis of CML or GIST (ICD-9-CM 205.1, 205.10, or 205.11 for CML; 159.0, 159.8, or 159.9 for GIST). Compliance was defined by medication possession ratio (MPR = total days supply of imatinib in the first year divided by 365). Persistency was defined as failure to refill imatinib within 30 days from the run-out date of the prior prescription. Multivariate analyses were used to identify key factors associated with compliance. Results: Total 878 imatinib-treated patients were identified of whom 413 had at least 15 months’ continuous eligibility. Sixty-nine percent (n = 286) were diagnosed with CML, 8% (n = 34) with GIST, and 23% (n = 93) with neither. Results are presented for CML and GIST patients. The average age was 51 and 58% were males. The average starting daily dose was 424 mg, with 80% (n = 255) initiating on 400 mg daily. The mean MPR was 76%. Overall, 28% patients discontinued imatinib for at least 30 consecutive days during the 1-year follow up period. Multivariate analyses indicated MPR improved with age until age 51 and then deteriorated (p < 0.001) but at a diminishing rate, decreased as the number of medications increased (p < 0.001), and was lower in women (p = 0.005) and patients with more cancer complications (p < 0.001). In addition, women were more likely to discontinue than men (OR = 2.08; p = 0.003). Conclusions: Compliance to imatinib was about 75% with 30% of patients interrupting therapy for at least 30 consecutive days in the first year. It has been found that interruption of imatinib therapy may lead to rapid tumor progression in GIST (PASCO05 Le Cesne #9031). Not having patients take the correct doses on a regular basis may lead to sub therapeutical clinical outcomes. [Table: see text]
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Ganesan, Ganesan, and Phagal Vijayaraghavan. "Urinary N-telopeptide: The New Diagnostic Test for Osteoporosis." Surgery Journal 05, no. 01 (January 2019): e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1677483.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Context Osteoporosis is a silent disease until it is complicated by trivial fall fractures. There is an increasing interest within the orthopaedic community in the noninvasive cost-effective measurement of the bone mineral density. Aims The aim of the study is to assess whether urinary N-telopeptide level can be a new diagnostic tool in diagnosing osteoporosis. Methods and Material This prospective study was done at Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre (SRMC) hospital from October 2015 to October 2017. The study was conducted among patients who comes to SRMC as inpatient or outpatient with suspected osteoporosis and underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan and urinary N-telopeptide. The inclusion criteria were women aged 65 or older, women aged less than 65 with risk factors, younger postmenopausal women with one or more risk factors, men aged 70 or older, men less than 70 with risk factors, and any above group patients who comes within 24 hours following trivial fall fractures. The exclusion criteria were pathological fracture, history of any illness affecting bone metabolism. The results from DXA scan were taken as gold standard against urinary N-telopeptide. Then the patients were divided into two groups control and study. The control group contains patients who had normal DXA, while study group contains patients having either osteopenia or osteoporosis. Based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 110 persons were included in the study. We had 60 study and 50 controls patients. We had 88 females and 22 males. The results obtained were statistically analyzed. Statistical Analysis Used The collected data were analyzed with IBM SPSS statistics software 23.0 version. To describe about the data descriptive statistics frequency analysis, percentage analysis was used for categorical variables and the mean and standard deviation were used for continuous variables. To find the significant difference between the bivariate samples in independent groups, the unpaired sample t-test was used. To find the significance in categorical data, chi-square test was used. In both the earlier statistical tools, the probability value of 0.05 is considered as significant level. Results In our study, we had 18.2% osteopenic and 36.4% osteoporotic patients. The mean value of urinary N-telopeptide in control was 49.8 and in case was 182.5. The standard deviation of urinary N-telopeptide value in case was 159.9. Conclusion Urinary N-telopeptide can give reproducible results and be able to assist in the evaluation of the quantity as well as the quality and be a good judge of someone's risk of fracture. Hence, urinary N-telopeptide can be used as a diagnostic tool for diagnosing osteoporosis.
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Halpern, Rachel, Victoria Barghout, and Denise Williams. "Compliance with Imatinib Mesylate Associated with Lower Health Resource Utilization and Costs for Patients with CML and GIST." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 5159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.5159.5159.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec®), has been found both effective and cost-effective for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).This study examines the relationship between compliance and health care utilization and costs. This retrospective study used claims from a large national US health plan. Patients (pts) had ≥2 imatinib claims from 6/1/01–3/31/05; ≥1 yr follow-up (F/U) after the 1st imatinib claim; diagnosis of CML (ICD9 205.1 ×) or GIST (ICD9 159.0, 159.8, 159.9 or evaluation of claims by independent hematologist-oncologist). Compliance was measured each in F/U Yrs 1 and 2 with medication possession ratio (MPR: ((days supply of imatinib)/365)*100). Compliance categories were good (≥90%); medium (70–89.9%); poor (<70%). Comorbidity measure was Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Outcomes were number (#) of inpatient hospital stays (IP), procedures (procs), lab tests, length of IP stay (LOS), costs of IP, procedures, labs, total medical care, and total health care (medical+pharmacy). Rates of Yr2 outcomes/person-yr within cohort and compliance category were bootstrapped (100 repetitions) to adjust for varying F/U and provide standard errors. Outcomes were compared within cohort, across compliance categories; t-tests compared mean utilization and costs. 374 CML and 91 GIST had mean age 50.8±14.1 and 57.5±12.0, respectively. 218 (58.3%) CML and 56 (61.5%) GIST pts were male. CML and GIST pts had mean F/U of 29.5±13.2 and 24.9±10.6 months, respectively. GIST pts were sicker with mean CCI 6.5±3.2 vs CCI 2.4±1.0 for CML. For almost all outcomes, pts with poor compliance had significant higher utilization and costs than pts with good compliance (Table 1,2). GIST pts with good compliance had some higher costs, likely due to small sample, high comorbidity, and wide variation in costs (vs CML). For CML pts, mean medical costs were 87% lower for good compliance vs poor in both years; mean health care costs were 45% and 54% lower for good compliance in Years 1 and 2. Pts with poor compliance had 14 times longer IP LOS, 1.4 times more labs, 2.1 times higher lab costs than good compliance, on average. Overall, good imatinib compliance was significantly associated with lower health care resource consumption. Table 1: CML Outcomes (Means) Year 1 Year 2 Compliance Good N=166 Medium N=79 Poor N=129 Good N=143 Medium N=84 Poor N=147 *0.01<p<0.05, **p<0.01 compared with good compliance # IP 0.1 0.3 1.1** 0.2 0.2 1.1** IP LOS 0.6 3.1 14.4** 0.8 2.0** 9.9** # Procs 18.4 28.3* 50.3** 18.6 18.2 56.2** # Labs 49.9 50.6 71.1* 32.2 37.5** 65.7** $ IP 307 1737 4360** 1127 392** 5745** $ Procs 5512 16483* 67328** 4613 7428** 52620** $ Labs 2570 2621 5589** 2140 1778** 4527** $ Medical 10427 23659* 83685** 9080 11101** 70940** $ Health care 47384 52693 102745** 47603 39044** 86197** Table 2: GIST Outcomes (Means) Year 1 Year 2 Compliance Good N=27 Medium N=20 Poor N=44 Good N=32 Medium N=18 Poor N=41 *0.01<p<0.05, **p<0.01 compared with good compliance # IP 0.1 0.3 1.2** 0.3 0.8** 1.5** IP LOS 0.6 1.6 14.1 1.6 2.7** 21.3** # Procs 28.8 41.1 49.1 32.1 34.5** 51.8** # Labs 34.3 29.2 33.6 31.2 25.9** 25.1** $ IP 414 324 3505 524 2163** 5064** $ Procs 12409 15223 33222* 12947 12585 26686** $ Labs 755 885 913 695 734** 953** $ Medical 15088 17991 39743* 15275 16915** 35664** $ Health care 55211 50435 55579 57745 48270** 45659**
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Hoelig, Kristina, Helmuth Schmidt, Gero Hütter, Michael Kramer, Raphael Teipel, Kristin Zimmer, Matthias Blechschmidt, et al. "Plerixafor As a Salvage Regimen to Mobilize Allogeneic Stem Cells in Healthy Volunteers (NCT01954914)." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 3369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.3369.3369.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Introduction: Insufficient yield of Peripheral Blood Progenitor Cells (PBPC) from healthy donors can result in higher mortality after allogeneic transplantation. Plerixafor (Mozobil®) is approved for the mobilization of PBPC in combination with G-CSF for collection and subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Clinical data on G-CSF and Plerixafor in healthy donors are still limited. In a prospective single arm phase 2 trial we investigated the safety and efficacy of a single dose of Plerixafor as a salvage regimen in poor mobilizing allogeneic PBPC donors (NCT01954914). Methods: We enrolled healthy unrelated PBPC donors who had received G-CSF (Lenograstim) at a targed dose of 10 µg/kg bodyweight (bw) for five days but donated less than 2x 106 CD34+ cells/kg recipient bw during the 1st apheresis on day 5 of the mobilization regimen. Plerixafor was injected subcutaneously at a dose of 240µg/kg once on day 5 in the evening before the second leukapheresis. The target for the processed blood volume during each apheresis procedure was 3x donor blood volume +/- 25%. Mobilization success was defined by a donation of more than 4.5x 106CD34+ cells/kg recipient bw. Primary endpoint was the number of mobilization successes. The null hypothesis (success rate of less than 50%) was tested with an exact single sample binomial test at a one-sided significance level of 5%. Results : Between 1/2014 and 12/2015 37 allogeneic unrelated PBPC donors (54% women, 46% men, median age 34 years) were enrolled into the study. The median donor bw was 69 kg (IQR, 61 kg to 76 kg) and the median recipient bw was 85 kg (IQR, 74 kg to 102 kg). Application of Plerixafor was well tolerated in most donors with only moderate side effects such as nausea, diarrhea and occasional vomiting. The median CD34+ count in peripheral blood was 15.4/µl (IQR, 12.0-18.3) on day 5 after G-CSF alone and 44.0/µl (IQR, 38.0-60.5) on day 6 after G-CSF plus Plerixafor. The collected total nucleated cell count was 187 x 106 (IQR, 159.9-223.4) cells per ml volume of the apheresis product on day 5 and 289 x 106 (IQR, 248.0-348.0) cells per ml volume of the apheresis product on day 6. The yield of CD34+ cells in the apheresis products was 1.05 x 108 (range, 0.21-1.80) on day 5 and 2.8 x108(range, 0.93-5.26) on day 6. The percentage of CD3+ cells per TNC was 31% (IQR 27%-40%) and 31% (IQR, 23% - 35%) on days 5 and 6, respectively. In total, a median number of 5.16 x 106 CD34+ cells (IQR 3.06-6.10) per kg recipient weight were collected during both aphereses. Twenty-one out of 37 donors reached the target cell count (56.8%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 39.5% - 72.9%) by donating a CD34+ cell dose of >4.5x 106 CD34+ cells per kg recipient bw. Nine donors had donated ≤0.8 106 CD34+ cells per kg recipient bw during their first leukaphersis after stimulation with G-CSF alone. Notably, only one out of these nine very poor mobilizing donors failed to donate at least 2.0 x 106CD 34+ cells per kg recipient bw after salvage mobilization with Plerixafor. Nevertheless, the null hypothesis (H0: rate of mobilization success <50%) could not be rejected at the 5% level (p= 0.2557). Conclusions: In this trial in poor mobilizing healthy unrelated donors the rate of mobilization success (donation of >4.5x 106 CD34+ cells per kg recipient bw) was 56.8% (95%-CI 39.5% - 72.9%) after a single dose of Plerixafor on day 5 of G-CSF administration. After injection of Plerixafor the CD34+count in the peripheral blood and the yield of CD34+ cells in the leukapheresis product increased by more than factor 2. The application of G-CSF and Plerixafor was well tolerated by most of the donors. Like for autologous donors, the administration of Plerixafor appears promising to optimize PBPC mobilization in allogeneic poor mobilizing donors. Disclosures Hoelig: Janssen Cilag GmbH: Honoraria; Therakos: Honoraria, Research Funding; Sanofi: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Schetelig:Sanofi: Honoraria.
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Min, Yoo-Hong, Hyeoung Joon Kim, Kyoo Hyung Lee, Sung-Soo Yoon, Jae Hoon Lee, Hee-Sook Park, Jin Seok Kim, et al. "A Multi-Center, Open Label Study Evaluating the Efficacy of Iron Chelation Therapy with Deferasirox in Transfusional Iron Overload Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes or Aplastic Anemia Using Quantitative R2 MRI." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 3649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.3649.3649.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Transfusion-related iron overload and its consequences are emerging challenges in chronically transfused patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or aplastic anemia (AA). Measurement of liver iron concentration (LIC) is used as a surrogate for total iron burden to guide chelation therapy in transfusion-dependent patients. Although deferasirox (Exjade®, ICL670) is an oral iron chelation agent that is now widely available for the treatment of transfusional hemosiderosis, the clinical data on its specific benefits of iron chelation, including reduction of LIC, in transfusion-related iron overload patients with MDS or AA has been limited. We have prospectively investigated the efficacy of deferasirox for iron chelation by serial measurement of serum ferritin level and LIC, which is measured in vivo using quantitative tissue proton transverse relaxation rates (R2) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in transfusional iron overload patients with MDS or AA. Here we report the interim analysis data. A total of 79 patients with de novo MDS (n = 29) or idiopathic AA (n = 50) showing serum ferritin level over 1,000ng/ml were enrolled from 23 institutes. All patients were regularly transfused and received a median of 30 red blood cells (RBC) units in the year prior to the start of the study. Among MDS cases, 3 (10.3%), 20 (69.0%), and 4 cases (13.8%) were categorized as IPSS low-risk, intermediate-1-risk, and intermediate-2-risk group, respectively. In AA cases, 34 (64%) were severe form. Mean value of serum ferritin level in enrolled patients was 4,417 ± 3,378 (4,788 ± 3,996 in MDS, 4,185 ± 2,962 in AA) ng/ml at the time of deferasirox initiation. LIC value was measured using quantitative R2 MRI and FerriScan (Resonance Health, Australia) analysis. Mean value of LIC was 23.9 ± 13.8 (26.1 ± 15.0 in MDS, 22.8 ± 13.2 in AA) mg Fe/g dry weight. Linear regression analysis indicated a close correlation between serum ferritin level and LIC (r=0.55, p<0.001). Deferasirox was given orally at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day for at least 6 months to all patients. If the serum ferritin falls below 500 ng/ml, treatment was withheld. A consistent decrease in the serum ferritin level was demonstrated during the first 6 months in vast majority of patients despite of continued transfusion (209.7 ± 159.9 ng/ml and 324.0 ± 289.4 ng/ml per month in MDS and AA, respectively). Over the study period, patients with MDS or AA received a mean of 3.7 and 2.7 units RBC per month, respectively. After 6 months of medication, a slower decrease in the serum ferritin level was observed in MDS patients. In 30 cases, one-year medication of deferasirox was completed. At the end of study (EOS), the serum ferritin levels were significantly decreased to 3,085 ± 2,150 ng/ml (64.4% of baseline level) and 2,913 ± 2,232 ng/ml (69.6% of baseline level, p<0.01) in MDS and AA, respectively. One-year follow-up R2 MRI could be evaluated in 24 cases, and LIC was significantly decreased to the level of 19.3 ± 13.6 mg Fe/g dry weight (67.4% of baseline value, p=0.01). Decrease in the level of LIC at EOS in MDS (64.3% of baseline) was comparable to that in AA cases (68.5% of baseline). The most common drug-related adverse events (AE) were gastrointestinal disturbances, non-progressive increase in serum creatinine, and skin rash. However, AE were transient and mild-to-moderate in severity. Deferasirox was discontinued in 28 (35.4%) cases because of death (7 in MDS and 6 in AA), patient refusal (11 cases), and decrease in the serum ferritin level below 500ng/ml (4 cases). All death was ascribed to disease-related causes including cytopenia in nine (11.4%) and disease progression in one (1.3%). This study clearly shows that deferasirox is effective in reducing LIC and serum ferritin level in transfusional iron overload patients with MDS or AA, even with ongoing transfusion requirement, and well tolerated. Careful assessment of patient’s transfusion requirement will be important in making dose adjustment according to purpose of iron chelation. Data from extension phase of this clinical trial may expand our knowledge about the beneficial effects of deferasirox on prolonging survival and improving quality of life in these patients.
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El-Beshlawy, Amal, Mohsen Elalfy, Lee Lee Chan, Yongrong Lai, Kai-Hsin Lin, Yesim Aydinok, Renzo Galanello, Ali El-Ali, Nicolas Martin, and M. Domenica Cappellini. "Deferasirox Treatment for up to 3 Years in Iron-Overloaded Pediatric Patients Reduces Serum Ferritin with a Manageable Safety Profile." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 1028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.1028.1028.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Abstract 1028 Background: To prevent complications associated with iron overload in patients with transfusion-dependent anemias, iron chelation therapy is required throughout life starting from early childhood. Long-term studies of iron chelation therapy are therefore required, particularly in pediatric patients. The 1-year open-label, single-arm, multicenter EPIC (Evaluation of Patients' Iron Chelation with Exjade®) trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of deferasirox in patients with transfusion-dependent iron overload enrolled 577 pediatric patients across 23 countries. In an extension period of up to 18 months, or until deferasirox was available locally, patients completing the core study could continue to receive deferasirox, thus providing long-term efficacy and safety data of deferasirox in iron-overloaded pediatric patients. Methods: At enrolment, transfusion-dependent pediatric patients (defined as ≥2–<16 years at enrollment) had serum ferritin ≥1000 ng/mL OR <1000 ng/mL with a history of multiple transfusions (>20 transfusions or >100 mL/kg red blood cells transfused) and liver iron concentration >2 mg Fe/g dw confirmed by R2 magnetic resonance imaging. Deferasirox starting dose was 10–30 mg/kg/day depending on frequency of blood transfusions, with protocol-specified adjustments of 5–10 mg/kg/day (range 0–40 mg/kg/day) based on 3-monthly serum ferritin trends and safety. Biochemistry analysis including serum ferritin was performed on a monthly basis, and growth was monitored every 12 weeks, with continuous assessment of safety parameters. Creatinine clearance was calculated using the Schwarz formula for pediatric patients. Changes from the start of deferasirox treatment (core baseline) are presented. Results: 267 pediatric patients aged 2–<6 (n=68), 6–<12 (n=114) and 12–<16 (n=85) years entered the extension period (n=141 [52.8%] male; n=248 [92.9%] with underlying thalassemia; n=33 [12.4%] with a history of hepatitis B and/or C). Median duration of deferasirox exposure was 101.3 weeks (range 55.6–159.9) with mean ± SD deferasirox dose 25.7 ± 5.8 mg/kg/day (13.4–40.0). Median serum ferritin decreased from a baseline of 3222 ng/mL (951–16,944) to 2431 ng/mL (238–29,681) at the end of the extension (absolute change from baseline –528 ng/mL [–6354 to 25,127]; P<0.0001; last observation carried forward). Overall, 257/267 (96.3%) patients completed the extension; main reasons (more than two patients) for discontinuation were unsatisfactory therapeutic effect (n=4, 1.5%) and consent withdrawal (n=3; 1.1%). The most common (>5%) investigator-assessed drug-related AEs were increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT; n=47, 17.6%), increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST; n=44, 16.5%), increased blood creatinine (n=24, 9.0%) and rash (n=23, 8.6%). ALT and AST increases were mostly mild in severity, transient, non-progressive and managed with dose adjustments. There were no reported drug-related serious AEs and no deaths occurred. 45/267 (16.9%) patients had two consecutive ALT values >5 × upper limit of normal (ULN). Of these 45 patients, 40 had high ALT levels at baseline and 30 had ALT or AST >2.5 × ULN at baseline; 13/45 had a history of hepatitis B and/or C. 6/267 (2.2%) patients had two consecutive serum creatinine values >33% above baseline and >ULN; all had normal values at baseline. The relative change in creatinine clearance from baseline to end of the extension was between –10 and –20% for the majority of patients (n=52, 19.5%), although changes in both directions were variable. Stature, growth and weight assessments indicated positive growth velocity. For all patients combined, mean ± SD growth velocity at end of extension was 5.9 ± 43.3 cm/year (median 2.6 cm/year). Conclusions: Deferasirox therapy for up to 3 years in pediatric patients significantly decreased serum ferritin, similar to previous reports. The majority of patients with elevated liver enzymes during the study also had elevated levels at baseline; renal safety was consistent with previous reports. While patient age and gender will influence individual growth rates, positive growth velocity was nonetheless maintained during treatment. Disclosures: Lin: Novartis: Honoraria. Aydinok:Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Ferrokin: Research Funding. Galanello:Novartis: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Apopharma: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Ferrokin: Research Funding. El-Ali:Novartis: Employment. Martin:Novartis: Employment. Cappellini:Novartis: Speakers Bureau.
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Pandya, Shivani, Zoe Clancy, Sulena Shrestha, Li Wang, and Onur Baser. "Burden of CRAB Events By Relapse in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Not Eligible for Stem Cell Transplant." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 4770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-111236.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background: For decades, CRAB criteria (hypercalcemia, renal impairment, anemia, and bone disease) have been used to diagnose multiple myeloma (MM), but little is known about the economic burden of CRAB in patients with MM who have relapsed. The only category 1 doublet regimens recommended by NCCN Guidelines for non-transplant candidates are lenalidomide-based (NCCN Myeloma v4.2018). This study aims to evaluate CRAB event rates and the associated economic burden among newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients on doublet therapy who were not eligible for stem cell transplant (SCT) and were followed to next line of therapy. Methods: This retrospective study identified patients with ≥ 2 claims of MM (ICD-9-CM code: 203.0x; ICD-10-CM code: C90.0x) ≥ 30 days apart and ≥ 1 treatment (first claim date was used as index date) between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2015 from the Medicare database. Eligible patients were required to have continuous enrollment from 6 months pre-index or first MM diagnosis date until ≥ 12 months post-index date unless patients died < 12 months post-index date (the follow-up period); ≥ 1 full cycle of therapy; no evidence of prior MM diagnosis or treatment (including autologous SCT [ASCT]); and no evidence of ASCT in the follow-up period. First line of therapy (LOT1) included all treatments prescribed within 60 days of the index date, and patients were included in the doublet therapy cohort based on the index treatment regimen. Progression to a subsequent LOT (LOT2) was defined by the earliest occurrence of an addition or switch to new non-maintenance treatment > 60 days post-index date, restart of any non-maintenance MM treatment after a > 180-day gap, or a dose increase from maintenance to relapse therapy. CRAB event rate per 1,000 person-years (PYs), CRAB event-related healthcare resource utilization (HRU) per patient per month (PPPM), and costs PPPM were evaluated during the LOT1 (the time from index date to end of LOT1) and LOT2 (the time from initiation of LOT2 to end of LOT2) among patients on doublet therapy with LOT1 and those who progressed to LOT2, respectively. Mean was calculated for the continuous variables, while categorical variables were presented as percentage values. Since the LOT2 population was a subset of the LOT1 population and they were not mutually exclusive cohorts, no statistical comparisons were made. Results: The study included 4,970 patients with MM not eligible for ASCT, of which 3,065 (61.7%) patients were prescribed doublet therapy in LOT1. Among these patients on doublet therapy, 1,122 (36.6%) initiated LOT2. The mean age was approximately 77 years, and most patients were white (LOT1, 77.0%; LOT2, 79.7%). The majority of the patients had hypertension (LOT1, 88.3%; LOT2, 86.1%), followed by anemia (LOT1, 79.0%; LOT2, 75.6%) and osteoarthritis (LOT1, 75.7%; LOT2, 76.7%), as comorbidities during the 6 months prior to the index date. CRAB event rates declined from LOT1 to LOT2, with the highest event rate per 1,000 PYs observed for anemia (LOT1, 1,965.1; LOT2, 1,808.2), followed by bone disease (LOT1, 258.1; LOT2, 244.1), renal impairment (LOT1, 167.9; LOT2, 159.9), and hypercalcemia (LOT1, 106.9; LOT2, 99.6); a decline in event rate was observed from LOT1 to LOT2 (Figure 1). CRAB event-related HRU PPPM increased from LOT1 to LOT2, including number of inpatient visits (LOT1, 0.1; LOT2, 0.2), length of inpatient stay (LOT1, 0.8 days; LOT2, 1.0 days), and number of outpatient hospital visits (LOT1, 2.0; LOT2, 2.2). However, the number of outpatient office visits PPPM decreased from LOT1 to LOT2 (LOT1, 0.9; LOT2, 0.8). Similarly, there was a trend toward increased CRAB event-related healthcare costs PPPM from LOT1 to LOT2 (Figure 2) including inpatient (LOT1, USD 1,548; LOT2, USD 2,031), outpatient hospital (LOT1, USD 214; LOT2, USD 301), outpatient office (LOT1, USD 77; LOT2, USD 89), and total medical costs (LOT1, USD 2,120; LOT2, USD 2,593). Conclusions: This study shows that CRAB events were more expensive to treat as patients relapse. Delaying disease progression may be associated with lower HRU and potential cost savings, thereby reducing the burden of MM. A potential limitation of this study is that claims data do not include clinical parameters. Future studies should be considered to evaluate the impact of age and comorbidities on the economic burden associated with CRAB events. This study also highlights the value of delaying progression and the time to next treatment. Disclosures Pandya: Celgene Corporation: Consultancy; STATinMED Research: Employment. Clancy:Celgene Corporation: Employment, Equity Ownership, Research Funding. Shrestha:STATinMED Research: Employment, Equity Ownership. Wang:STATinMED Research: Employment, Equity Ownership.