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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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1

Allen, Barbara L. "Rethinking Architectural Technology: History, Theory, and Practice." Journal of Architectural Education 51, no. 1 (September 1997): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10464883.1997.10734740.

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2

Deyong, Sarah. "An Architectural Theory of Relations." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 73, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 226–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2014.73.2.226.

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In An Architectural Theory of Relations: Sigfried Giedion and Team X, Sarah Deyong uncovers an important aspect of the theoretical framework underpinning Team X’s work: Sigfried Giedion’s philosophical orientation and aesthetic theories in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Because Giedion is often seen as an old-guard CIAM (Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne) member that Team X opposed, his contribution to Team X’s design method has been grossly underestimated. Deyong rectifies the link between Giedion and Team X to accomplish two goals. She casts new light on Giedion’s unique contribution to the reinvention of modern architecture at midcentury, and she offers a new interpretation of Team X’s legacy, constructed around missing pieces of the group’s intellectual history. Deyong’s evidence for this argument derives from two archival sources in particular: Giedion’s papers in the Archives of the Institute for the History and Theory of Architecture (gta Archives) in Zurich, and the unpublished transcripts of Team X meetings, housed in the Collection Het Nieuwe Instituut in Rotterdam.

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3

Schwarzer, Mitchell. "History and Theory in Architectural Periodicals: Assembling Oppositions." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 58, no. 3 (September 1999): 342–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/991527.

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4

Broner-Bauer, Kaisa. "Architectural visions." Approaching Religion 11, no. 1 (March 20, 2021): 77–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.30664/ar.98060.

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In this article I examine the architecture and architectural thinking of Finnish Academician Reima Pietilä (1923–93) in relation to his design methodology. Pietilä was an architect with an original, creative, artistic personality, who set out early in his career to develop the form language, and theory of modern architecture, moving it towards an organic expressionism. Finnish nature mysticism was a source of inspiration for him, and ‘nature architecture’ one of his key concepts.

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5

Brilliant, Richard, and L. Richardson. "Pompeii: An Architectural History." American Journal of Philology 110, no. 4 (1989): 672. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/295292.

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6

Pilsitz, Martin. "Construction History in Theory and Teaching." Periodica Polytechnica Architecture 49, no. 2 (September 24, 2018): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppar.13139.

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For the development of a comprehensive explanative model on the genesis and use of the history of a historic building, an exclusively visual and aesthetic approach is not sufficient. In addition to the function, the construction is also shown as a peer design factor in the planning, architectural and artistic development. In this context, the task of the technical universities and colleges is to provide students with a far-reaching expertise in historical building construction. To achieve this goal, the Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BUTE), in the context of a research programme, has taken a targeted initiative. For this purpose, a large number of historical architectural drawings were combined in a plan collection at the Department and made available for further research. With regard to the structural importance of these drawings, a systematic scientific research has been carried out.This study was supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office - grant No. 112906.

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7

Lacour, C. B. "Architectural History: Benjamin and Holderlin." boundary 2 30, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 143–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01903659-30-1-143.

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8

Jones, Mark Wilson. "ARCHITECTURAL DICTIONARY." Classical Review 50, no. 1 (April 2000): 243–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cr/50.1.243.

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9

Delitz, Heike. "Architectural Modes of Collective Existence: Architectural Sociology as a Comparative Social Theory." Cultural Sociology 12, no. 1 (September 26, 2017): 37–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1749975517718435.

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Анотація:

This article proposes a cross-cultural, comparative architectural sociology as a means of sociological analysis. It also emphasizes the social positivity of architecture. After a short overview of architectural sociology and its history, the article outlines a sociological theory which sees architecture and related practices as a constitutive ‘mode of collective existence’. The article argues that architecture (in a broad sense) is not a mere ‘reflection’ or ‘mirror’ of society, but rather a constitutive and transformative medium of the imaginary institution of society (Castoriadis), its assemblages (Deleuze), as well as its subjects (Foucault). In other words, it claims that architecture is a material and symbolic ‘mode’ through which societies and individuals are constituted and transformed. As architecture is a cultural technique, which is primarily enacted in relation to bodies, perceptions and affects (rather than in a discursive, reflective way), the social effects of architecture can best be understood and analysed through a comparative lens. Finally, therefore, the article unfolds a tableau of diverse architectural modes of collective existence, thus providing an overview of different socio-architectural constellations. Such a comparative and synchronical view of different societies allows for a sociology of architecture which analyses architectural transformations – both historical and contemporary.

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10

Panin, Tonkao. "Practice of Critical Theory in Architectural Schools: Twenty First Century Transformation." Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies (JARS) 5, no. 3 (September 3, 2018): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.56261/jars.v5i3.169103.

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Critical theory is an interdisciplinary way of thinking that tries to bridge the gap between architecturaltheory and practice. During the past thirty years, the gap between the academic world of studio studies andthe academic world of history and theory studies has become increasingly difficult to bridge [1]. In otherwords, the space of inquiry between architectural production and advanced scholarship has increased [2].The task of architectural institutions today is thus to bring architectural education back to the interdisciplinaryequilibrium it was once familiar with. This paper reviews the frameworks of critical theory, which during thepast ten years has begun to replace the conventional history/theory approach in North American andEuropean schools as a vehicle to re-unite architectural theory and practice. The review focuses on aselection of different modes that critical theory is taught and practiced, as well as ideas and principles ofcritical theory that have become increasingly relevant in the discourse of architecture today. Priorities andpreoccupations of critical theory may help unfold the inherent complexity and contradiction within theprocess of architectural creation. In architectural discourse, both theory and practice are reread repeatedly,reworked and represented in roles that are well outside the original. Critical theory thus represents boththe pragmatic doctrine and the philosophical inquiry that partake in the potential of architectural design todraw from the past and the present towards the future.

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11

Menadier, B. "Hellenistic Architectural Sculpture." Classical Review 49, no. 1 (April 1999): 212–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cr/49.1.212.

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12

Hatton, Brian. "Exploring architecture as a critical act, questioning relations between design, criticism, history and theory." Architectural Research Quarterly 8, no. 2 (June 2004): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135504000132.

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Анотація:

This conference, which took place 25–27 November 2004, was held by the Bartlett School of Architecture in association with the Architectural Humanities Research Association (AHRA). Its stated aim was to examine the relationship between critical practice in architecture and architectural criticism, intending to place architecture in an interdisciplinary context with reference to modes of criticism in other disciplines, specifically art criticism, and to explore modes of critical practice in architecture: buildings, drawings and texts. Brian Hatton attended the second day of the conference; his comments on the first day are based on discussions with colleagues and reading of transcripts.

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13

LEFAS, PAVLOS. "ON THE FUNDAMENTAL TERMS OF VITRUVIUS'S ARCHITECTURAL THEORY." Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies 44, no. 1 (December 1, 2000): 179–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-5370.2000.tb00603.x.

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14

Hoey, Lawrence. "An Architectural History of Norwich Cathedral.Eric Fernie." Speculum 70, no. 1 (January 1995): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2864726.

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15

Geraniotis, Roula Mouroudellis. "German Architectural Theory and Practice in Chicago, 1850-1900." Winterthur Portfolio 21, no. 4 (December 1986): 293–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/496293.

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16

Heynen, Hilde, and Krista de Jonge. "The Teaching of Architectural History and Theory in Belgium and the Netherlands." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 61, no. 3 (September 2002): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/991787.

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17

Schwarting, Andreas. "Die ganze Breite architekturgeschichtlicher Forschung." architectura 50, no. 1-2 (November 25, 2022): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/atc-2020-1005.

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Abstract In 1976, Wulf Schirmer, professor of architectural history at the University of Karlsruhe (TH), followed Heinrich Klotz as editor of the architectura and headed the editorial team until 2002. During this time, the journal developed into an open forum for the most diverse forms of research in architectural history – chronologically from the ruins of the 4th millennium BC to the architecture of the late 20th century, topographically from Europe, the Mediterranean, Mesopotamia, Asia and Russia to North and South America, and methodologically from architectural research to art history, architectural theory and the preservation of historical monuments.

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18

Fell Contreras, Stephannie. "The Rise and Fall of Visual Paradigms: An Interview with Mario Carpo." Materia Arquitectura, no. 20 (December 24, 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.56255/ma.v0i20.477.

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Анотація:

Interview conducted by Stephannie Fell Contrerasat The Bartlett School of Architecture (March 10th, 2020) and via Zoom (April 14th, 2020) Mario Carpo is Reyner Banham Professor of Architectural History and Theory at The Bartlett School of Architecture. He specializes in history of architectural theory and history of cultural technologies, focusing on the early modern period and contemporary digital design theory. He is the author of The Second Digital Turn (MIT Press, 2017), The Alphabet and the Algorithm (MIT Press, 2011), and Architecture in the Age of Printing (MIT Press, 2001), among other books.

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19

Wang, David. "Kuhn on architectural style." Architectural Research Quarterly 13, no. 1 (March 2009): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135509990091.

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By any measure Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is a landmark in recent influential ideas. The very term ‘paradigm shift’, now common parlance, derives from this 1962 work. Structure redirected its own domain, the philosophy of science, from a logical positivist orientation in its evaluation of scientific progress to one that accommodates a complex mix of sociological, linguistic and psychological factors. Perhaps because of this interdisciplinary inclusiveness, Kuhn's insights have informed theory in many disciplines. A survey of the recent literature includes works in anthropology, comparative literature, criminal justice, art history, education and feminist studies.

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20

Zupancic, Domen. "Institutional homes: The evolution of open space in the case of some workers' colonies in history." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 10, no. 2 (2012): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace1202107z.

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This is a critical review of examples of how workers' settlements have been organized throughout history. I examine some examples of workers' settlements from the perspective of spatial organization, architectural economics and urban design. The hypothesis is that workers' dwellings have not basically changed since the earliest civilizations. The role of workers' dwellings has been constantly on the fringes of spatial organization. Generally, workers as a class were not considered an integral part of business management. Workers are part of any industrialized process and cannot be overlooked in an architectural analysis of their dwellings. The conclusions of the paper are oriented from praxis to theory. Analogies from the past to the present are presented, with a set of sketches in which the theory of spatial organization, architectural economics and urban design patterns may be evident.

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21

Chakrabarti, Vibhuti. "Orientation by Numbers: the Aya Formula of Indian Architectural Theory." South Asian Studies 16, no. 1 (January 2000): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02666030.2000.9628579.

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22

Tayob, Huda. "Conversation Rooms: Critical Dialogues in Architectural History and Theory at the GSA, Johannesburg." Architecture and Culture 9, no. 2 (April 3, 2021): 218–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20507828.2021.1918895.

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23

Shapira, Yael. "Gothic Antiquity: History, Romance, and the Architectural Imagination, 1760–1840." Common Knowledge 27, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 488–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/0961754x-9268291.

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24

Merrill, Jessica E. "High Modernism in Theory and Practice: Karel Teige and Tomáš Bat'a." Slavic Review 76, no. 2 (2017): 428–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/slr.2017.85.

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This article compares Tomáš Bata's development of Zlín as a company town with the architectural theory of Karel Teige. Despite political differences— Bat’a was a champion of “American” capitalism, Teige a leader of the leftist avant-garde—they had unexpectedly similar ideas about architectural design and city planning. The article uses James C. Scott's definition of high modernism as a starting point to explain these commonalities, historically contextualizing the two men's thinking as a specific iteration of this ideology. Both, for instance, paradoxically sought to incorporate liberal, democratic values (typical of the rhetoric of state building in interwar Czechoslovakia) into their authoritarian plans. This analysis helps explain subsequent, socialist architectural developments, in which Teige's theory and Bat’a's practices were combined. In this, the article contributes to an understanding of Czechoslovakia's post-1948 cultural history not in terms of impositions from Moscow, but as building on native institutions.

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25

Caldenby, Claes. "Kritisk empiri. Ett historiografiskt perspektiv." Nordlit, no. 36 (December 10, 2015): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/13.3693.

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<p>The article discusses the possible value of a ”critical empiricism” as the forgotten ”other” of the well-established critical theory. Following Swedish sociologist Johan Asplund, critical empiricism is described as ”seeing what others have not seen”. The ”theoretical turn” in architectural research is questioned with the help of architectural historians Anders Åman and Mari Hvattum. The 1940s discussion of Swedish architecture as “new empiricism” introduces a strong relation between the Nordic welfare societies and their architecture as a characteristic also of Swedish architectural history.</p><p>The article presents a recent historiographical project by a network of Swedish architectural historians from universities and schools of architecture. One of the networks’ papers is about Gregor Paulsson’s book <em>Svensk stad </em>[Swedish Town], an “environmental history” with a pronounced sociological perspective and an ambition to influence Swedish post-war planning. Another paper discusses architectural history as the study of building categories, a firmly established tradition in Swedish architectural history, in this case with a fundamentally “functional” perspective. A third paper is a critical study of the 1970s turn from architectural history as a history of monuments to a history of the built environment in its broadest sense.</p><p>In conclusion, critical empiricism in architectural history is presented as a vigorous and necessary reminder of how society could be different in a time when humanities as well as planning are questioned by politicians.</p>

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26

Salama, Ashraf M. "FROM ARCHITECTURAL THEORY TO URBAN STUDIES AND FROM SPATIAL ANALYSIS EXPLORATIONS TO BUILT ENVIRONMENT EDUCATION." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 12, no. 1 (March 29, 2018): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v12i1.1575.

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Archnet-IJAR, volume 12, issue # 1, March 2018 reveals the multitude and multiplicity of architectural and urban research, which I have discussed in an earlier editorial. The journal remains committed to cover issues of interest and concern to the global academic and professional community. This issue is intensive in terms of quality and quantity and encompasses a wide spectrum of topics that range from architectural theory and history, to urban studies, and from spatial analysis and application of technical systems in building design and components, to education for sustainable development, and architectural and planning education. The edition includes a section that is exclusively dedicated to selected papers from the Education and Training Forum of PLEA International Conference – Design to Thrive, Edinburgh – July 2017. By and large, the contributions presented here cover many parts of both the global north and the global south, raise questions, introduce proposals, and offer lessons important to their contexts as well as to the wider community of architectural and urban researchers.

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27

Jadrešin-Milić, Renata, and Catherine Mitchell. "The death of aesthetics in architectural education? Possibilities for contemporary pedagogy." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 11, no. 3 (2019): 553–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1903553j.

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The importance of aesthetics within architecture has a long history. Although evidence suggests that the term was not brought into architectural writing until 17351 , the place of aesthetics can be identified across architectural theory and philosophy since the time of Vitruvius. Developing an aesthetic sensibility was seen as crucial for an architect and the study of architecture was understood through the three Vitruvian lenses (utlitas, firmitas, venustas) one of which, venustas, is directly associated with aesthetics. This paper responds to the current and ongoing discussions between architects, architectural educators and architectural students on the role of aesthetics in architectural education and professional practice today. It was initially inspired by questions raised at the 2017 and 2018 annual conferences of the Society of Architectural Historians (SAH 2017 and 2018) about the role of architectural history in architectural design and practice today, and in line with this, questions about place of aesthetics in architectural education. This paper considers the place of aesthetics in architectural education and provides a detailed overview of the key pedagogical interventions undertaken in one architectural studies programme which might serve as a guide for educators interested in maintaining the place of aesthetics in contemporary architectural education. It suggests that aesthetics can continue to play a key role in the architectural curriculum whilst a focus on design problem-solving and achieving the contemporary educational requirements of accreditation is maintained.

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28

Buggert, Daniel, and Anke Naujokat. "Architekturgeschichte der ›Aachener Schule‹." architectura 50, no. 1-2 (November 25, 2022): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/atc-2020-1008.

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Abstract The ›Aachen School‹ of architectural history analyzes and interprets built structures with the holistic perspective of a trained architect. The first step is a very detailed investigation of the building, using the methods of Historical Building Research. At the same time, archival sources and structural considerations help to develop a clearer picture of a building’s original design concept and its development during the process of planning and realization. Based on this preparatory research, the focus is broadened, applying methods and discussing topics from the perspective of art history and architectural theory and integrating, if necessary, further interdisciplinary collaboration. The overarching premise is that architecture, beyond its time-bound historical condition, is also determined by essential timeless or metahistorical characteristics. These form an important level of knowledge for architectural historians as well as for architects. Architectural history, thus, is not a mere historical science, but also makes an important contribution to the general architectural discourse.

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29

Backović, Vera, and Ljubomir Maširević. "Social theory and architecture." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 2, no. 3 (2010): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1003227b.

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Анотація:

The role of architecture through history has always been important because it is a physical frame of social life and also a symbol of social values and aspirations. Architectural creations are influenced by social thought. Modernism is an outstanding example of how social goals have directed planning of the cities. After having analyzed the conditions of its emergence and its characteristics this paper points out the changes brought about by postmodernism. In the end, the attention has been drawn to the place architecture holds in the city of consumption.

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30

Dumarçay, Jacques. "L'espace architectural indo-javanais." Archipel 31, no. 1 (1986): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/arch.1986.2271.

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31

Davidson, James. "A Proposal for the Future of Vernacular Architecture Studies." Open House International 38, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-02-2013-b0006.

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Анотація:

Given the broad scale and fundamental transformations occurring to both the natural environment and human condition in the present era, what does the future hold for vernacular architecture studies? In a world where Capital A (sometimes referred to as ‘polite’) architectural icons dominate our skylines and set the agenda for our educational institutions, is the study of vernacular architecture still relevant? What role could it possibly have in understanding and subsequently impacting on architectural education, theory and practice, and in turn, professional built environment design? Imagine for a minute, a world where there is no divide between the vernacular and the ‘polite’, where all built environments, past and present are open to formal research agendas whereby the inherent knowledge in their built histories inform the professional design paradigm of the day – in all built settings, be they formal or informal, Western or non-Western. In this paper, the author is concerned with keeping the flames of intellectual discontent burning in proposing a transformation and reversal of the fortunes of VAS within mainstream architectural history and theory. In a world where a social networking website can ignite a revolution, one can already see the depth of global transformations on the doorstep. No longer is there any excuse to continue intellectualizing global futures solely within a Western (Euro-American) framework. In looking at the history of VAS, the purpose of this paper is to illustrate that the answers for its future pathways lie in an understanding of the intellectual history underpinning its origins. As such, the paper contends that the epistemological divide established in the 1920s by art historians, whereby the exclusion of so-called non-architect architectures from the mainstream canon of architectural history has resulted in an entire architectural corpus being ignored in formal educational institutions and architectural societies today. Due to this exclusion, the majority of mainstream architectural thinkers have resisted theorizing on the vernacular. In the post-colonial era of globalization the world has changed, and along with it, so have many of the original paradigms underpinning the epistemologies setting vernacular environments apart. In exploring this subject, the paper firstly positions this dichotomy within the spectrum of Euro-American architectural history and theory discourse; secondly, draws together the work of scholars who have at some point in the past called for the obsolescence of the term ‘vernacular’ and the erasure of categorical distinctions that impact on the formal study of what are perceived as non-architectural environments; and finally, sets out the form by which curricula for studies of world architecture could take.

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32

Asak, Ilayda. "A study on graduate level education in architecture: Case of Turkey." Global Journal of Arts Education 6, no. 3 (May 31, 2017): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjae.v6i3.1702.

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Анотація:

Today, there are 41 universities offering graduate education programs in architecture. Those programs cover a number of different topics including architectural conservation and restoration, architectural restoration, architectural design, informatics in architectural design, architectural planning and design, architecture history, architectural history and theory, architecture and built environment, digital design in architecture and production. The council of higher education presents that 2978 master theses submitted and approved by Council of higher education. In this study, the master theses submitted to the graduate programs have been investigated. Matrix has been developed regarding o the sex, language, topics, universities. The types of graduate school are natural science and social science. The results of the study show that the number of female students is higher than the male students. The number of theses in Turkish is increasing. The increasing number of theses investigating build technology builds physics and building and construction and computational design is of importance. It is possible to determine that the current and popular topics of Turkish graduate programs in Architecture are in parallel with the prevailing agenda of World architecture. Key Words: theses in architecture, graduate level education, architectural education.

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33

Payne, Alina A. "Architectural Criticism, Science, and Visual Eloquence: Teofilo Gallaccini in Seventeenth-Century Siena." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 58, no. 2 (June 1, 1999): 146–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/991482.

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This article examines the transition from a mimetic conception of architecture as proposed by the great treatise writers of the Renaissance, to the modern, science- and engineering-oriented one that began to supplant it in the eighteenth century. The focus of the investigation is the textual culture of Italian Baroque theory and its vehicle, the till now largely unknown corpus of the Sienese scientist Teofilo Gallaccini. It is argued that alongside the traditional path of architectural theory produced by architects, which evolved in the grooves set in the Vitruvian Renaissance, there existed a parallel path driven by scientists. Absorbing the imitatio practices of visual artists into their own inquiries, scientists provided other outlets for their use and in so doing also provided other directions for architectural discourse. By locating Gallaccini's work in the scientific and architectural culture of his own time, and by exploring its appeal to exponents of the Enlightenment who held widely divergent views on the means of achieving architectural reform, this article argues that-far from proceeding by watersheds and paradigm revolutions, as modernist history writing has held-modern theory owes much to both the scientific and mimetic approaches that not only co-existed but also intertwined in the Baroque.

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34

Carpo, Mario. "Drawing with Numbers: Geometry and Numeracy in Early Modern Architectural Design." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2003): 448–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3592497.

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Precision in building was pursued and achieved well before the rise of modern science and technology. This fact applies to the classical tradition as well as to medieval architecture, and is particularly evident in architectural drawings and design from the Italian Renaissance onward. In this essay, I trace the shift from geometry-the primary tool for quantification in classical architecture- to numeracy that characterizes Renaissance architectural theory and practice. I also address some more general aspects of the relation between technologies of quantification and the making of architectural forms.

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35

KAWAMICHI, Rintaro, and Tomoko HASHITERA. "ON THE THEORY OF ARCHITECTURAL EVOLUTION BY CHUTA ITO : I. THE ORIGIN AND THE HISTORY OF THE THEORY." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 64, no. 525 (1999): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.64.281_3.

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36

Payne (book author), Alina A., and Christopher Heuer (review author). "The Architectural Treatise of the Italian Renaissance: Architectural Invention, Ornament, and Literary Culture." Renaissance and Reformation 36, no. 2 (January 1, 2000): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/rr.v36i2.8610.

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37

Gharib, Remah Y. "The Rebirth of the Madrasa Through Deconstructive Architecture: The Case of the College of Islamic Studies in Qatar." International Journal of Islamic Architecture 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 163–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00098_1.

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Architectural movements such as modernism, postmodernism, and deconstructivism emerged during the twentieth century. These movements drastically affected the discipline of architecture, with such divergences from traditional forms demonstrating how building design could be influenced by architectural history to guide its development. The College of Islamic Studies (CIS), also known as the Minartein, in Doha, Qatar, is an example of how architectural theory can affect building design and create structures that cater to different and novel ideas and philosophies. The unconventional, postmodern, parametric building creates a vital link that unites history, theory, and religion in a modernized form of the traditional Islamic madrasa. This article recounts how the architect, Ali Mangera, has realized the vision of originality, plurality, and contemporaneity through post-deconstructive architecture at the CIS. It also examines how architectural concepts such as abstraction, the juxtaposition of contradicting shapes and forms, surface manipulation and construction, massing techniques, non-rectilinearity, and fragmentation can all contribute to a better understanding of the symbolic significance of the building. The article demonstrates how the use of deconstructive methods for disassembling the architecture of famous madrasas may have influenced the architecture and design complexity of the building.

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38

Djordjević, Ivana. "Objectively Speaking." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 52, no. 1 (March 1, 1993): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/990757.

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Once we accept a theory of proportions as the basis of an architectural aesthetic in general, we come immediately to the question of whether we talk about the proportions of a building or about the proportions perceived in a building. This question is also closely related to the question, What is the aesthetic object of architecture-the building, or an idea of a building, or a project, a set of drawings, or some other entity? Answering this question means not only offering an answer to the question, What is architectural history actually about? but also- as some disputes on the interpretation of Palladio's Quattro libri show-suggesting a justification of a theory of proportions in modern times. The idea of this text is to discuss this problem within the framework of Kant's theory of space-not so much in order to see what Kant would say on the topic, but much more in order to show that an epistemology like Kant's, which pretends to be a full catalogue of cognitive processes, must allow space for positing ideal architectural objects.

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39

Mzhelsky, V. M. "THEORY- AND FACTUALLY-BASED ARCHITECTURAL STYLE EVOLUTION IN THE WORKS OF RESEARCHERS OF THE 19–20TH CENTURIES." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 22, no. 5 (October 31, 2020): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2020-22-5-36-49.

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The article analyzes the problem of the architectural style evolution not only in the past, but also in the 20th century. The comparative analysis of the different scientific approaches to this issue shows both their similarities and differences as well as their compliance with the facts.This paper compares the fundamental scientific works with new research results in the field and considers the history of this issue and systematizes the facts available.The aim of this work is to carry out the comparative analysis of the architectural style evolution based on works of scientists of the 19–20th centuries, identify similarities and differences in their scientific points of view on this issue and discussions in the Soviet and modern literature.The methodology and approaches of the study include the review of theoretical works of historians, art historians and architectural experts of the 19th and 20th centuries and also the up-to-date scientific publications.Similarities and differences in the scientific opinions of researchers concerning the evolution of the architectural styles are identified due to the different scientific schools, goals and objectives of research, scientific interests and worldview of researchers.

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40

Betts, Richard J. "Review: Architectural Theory and Practice from Alberti to Ledoux by Dora Wiebenson." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 44, no. 4 (December 1, 1985): 391–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/990118.

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41

Mitrović, Branko. "Leon Battista Alberti and the Homogeneity of Space." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 63, no. 4 (December 1, 2004): 424–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4128013.

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In his "Perspective as Symbolic Form," Erwin Panofsky argued that the concept of homogenous space developed shortly before, and enabled, the discovery of the geometrical construction of perspective. Subsequent scholarship has suggested that this understanding arose much later. However, without the concept of space as homogenous, it is very difficult to conceive of such fundamental elements of architectural theory as dimension, proportion, shape, or the multiplication of shapes. Consequently, the question as to whether Renaissance theorists operated with the concept of homogenous space is of great importance not only for the history of perspective, but for the history of architectural theory as well. In this article, I explore Leon Battista Alberti's views on the subject.

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42

Chang, Wei. "Application of Tessellation in Architectural Geometry Design." E3S Web of Conferences 38 (2018): 03015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183803015.

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Tessellation plays a significant role in architectural geometry design, which is widely used both through history of architecture and in modern architectural design with the help of computer technology. Tessellation has been found since the birth of civilization. In terms of dimensions, there are two- dimensional tessellations and three-dimensional tessellations; in terms of symmetry, there are periodic tessellations and aperiodic tessellations. Besides, some special types of tessellations such as Voronoi Tessellation and Delaunay Triangles are also included. Both Geometry and Crystallography, the latter of which is the basic theory of three-dimensional tessellations, need to be studied. In history, tessellation was applied into skins or decorations in architecture. The development of Computer technology enables tessellation to be more powerful, as seen in surface control, surface display and structure design, etc. Therefore, research on the application of tessellation in architectural geometry design is of great necessity in architecture studies.

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43

Didenko, К. "INVOLVEMENT OF THE THEORY OF SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION FOR CONSIDERATION OF ARCHITECTURAL AND CITY BUILDING PRACTICE." Municipal economy of cities 1, no. 154 (April 3, 2020): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-1-154-185-191.

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Social aspects of the formation of architectural complexes in metropolian Kharkov have not yet been analyzed in homeland architectural theory. The study into "Kharkov constructivism", due to unfortunate historical ocurrence, is still in fact at the initial stage. Thesises of Kharkov authors illuminate this phenomenon in general or analyze some of the most significant sights. Approaches to the study of social aspects of architecture and urban development went through several stages. Architectural theory of the late 1940s- the beginning of 1950s was sharply critical of the architectural and urban planning experiments in the 1920s. The XXth century Soviet history of architecture in the 1960s and 1970s was marked by ideological rehabilitation of constructivism, including social experiments of the 1920s - early 1930s. A turn from apologetics of the 1960s - 1980s to critical analysis of the architecture and urban development of the avant-garde was indicated at the beginning of 2000s by the studies considering Soviet architectural and urban planning practice in the context of public behavior management as a tool for structuring general population to achieve political goals. Foreign studies into the Soviet avant-garde sprang up in the 1970s - early 1980s affected by Western sociology where architecture began to be viewed as a tool for managing social processes and new types of structures and models of urban planning organization- as “a transition from social to material”. Many studies highlighted the influence of Soviet architectural and urban planning programs of the 1920s and 1930s on the system and structure of public consciousness. There was established that large-scale housing, cultural and domestic construction was carried out as part of the capital's administrative and government center creation programs and the formation of an industrial complex. There were identified four conceptual approaches for housing construction, they were consistently implemented during the realization of the two above-mentioned programs: garden city, communal house, housing complex and social city. In these programs, the concepts of "garden city" and "communal houses" were practically tested and reasonably rejected, and the most productive models were residential complexes and social city. Keywords: social construction, architectural and urban concepts, soviet human, metropolian Kharkov.

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44

Saglam, Hakan. "Thinking manifesto on basic design studios in architectural education." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 5, no. 6 (September 14, 2018): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v5i6.3844.

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Design education delivery is reconsidered every semester from the first basic design course through to the final project class, and while there are diverse approaches to architectural theory worldwide, the problem of teaching architectural design is a continual question to educators, especially for design educators. Over different periods of time, very different approaches to design education have been pursued. These differing theories form the basis for architectural design education. Throughout this process, the history of design education has been shaped and it is important to be able to use the accumulation of knowledge from different fields within the context of ‘architectural education’. When we consider the transformation of design education historically and the differing approaches today, such as the effects of changing theories, scientific-culturalsub-structures, transformed super structures and the ever-changing theories on architectural education, the design studio educators should incorporate the benefits of this diverse learned knowledge into the design studio education.Keywords: Basic design, architectural education, design studios.

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45

Rudolph, Conrad. "Medieval Architectural Theory, the Sacred Economy, and the Public Presentation of Monastic Architecture:." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 78, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 259–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2019.78.3.259.

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The Cistercian abbey church plan with a flat east end, the “Bernardine plan,” is one of the most distinctive, and most discussed, plans of medieval architecture. It has traditionally been seen as a direct result of views on monastic architecture held by Bernard of Clairvaux, our most important source for understanding medieval art and architecture. However, as Conrad Rudolph argues in Medieval Architectural Theory, the Sacred Economy, and the Public Presentation of Monastic Architecture: The Classic Cistercian Plan, this ignores the architecture of Bernard's own monastery and the architectural theory of his circle. By reading this plan in conjunction with the Cluniac apse-echelon plan and the well-known pilgrimage plan and considering it alongside the monastic sacred economy and issues of materials, craftsmanship, and public access, Rudolph shows that the “Bernardine plan” does not represent Bernard's conception at all. It is better thought of as the “classic Cistercian plan,” a compromise of lower spiritual standards aimed at broader institutional acceptance.

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46

Komarova, I. I., and A. L. Tretyakov. "Topical issues of dissertations’ references on architecture as an information resource to support research in architectural science." Bibliosphere, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/1815-3186-2017-3-85-90.

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Studying the architectural science bibliography has shown that during 150 years of its history few indices have been created, and recent decades almost all architectural bibliography has not gone beyond the framework of the nation-wide index «Chronicles of Book Chamber». This article examines the fundamental nature of bibliographic science for purposes of architectural research. The article objective is determining ways of architectural bibliography development and generating a unified database of architectural knowledge in the context of contemporary socio-economic and socio-cultural realities. It considers defended dissertations on specialty «Architecture»; describes information resources containing in their thesis structure on the subject area. Attention is focused on the distribution of defended dissertations by years, cities and thematic nests. The paper has revealed thesis devoted to the theory and history of foreign architecture. It emphasizes the need of further large-scale research with an analysis of the entire spectrum of human knowledge, which includes dissertations related to architectural science. The authors conclude: 1. There is no complete systematically presented unified catalog of dissertations on architecture, including resources of the Russian Book Chamber. 2. It is necessary to create such resource, which would satisfy the information needs of different groups of users.

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47

Kim, Cheehyung Harrison. "Pyongyang Modern: Architecture of Multiplicity in Postwar North Korea." Journal of Korean Studies 26, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 271–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07311613-9155193.

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Abstract This article explores North Korea’s postwar reconstruction through the variegated features of architectural development in Pyongyang. The rebirth of Pyongyang as the center of both state authority and work culture is distinctly represented by architecture. In this setting, architecture as theory and practice was divided into two contiguous and interconnected types: monumental structures symbolizing the utopian vision of the state and vernacular structures instrumental to the regime of production in which the apartment was an exemplary form. The author makes three claims: first, Pyongyang’s monumental and vernacular architectural forms each embody both utopian and utilitarian features; second, the multiplicity of meaning exhibited in each architectural form is connected to the transnational process of bureaucratic expansion and industrial developmentalism; and third, North Korea’s postwar architectural history is a lens through which state socialism of the twentieth century can be better understood—not as an exceptional moment but as a constituent of globalized modernity, a historical formation dependent on the collusive expansion of state power and industrial capitalism. A substantial part of this article is a discussion of the methods and sources relevant to writing an architectural history of North Korea.

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48

Petcu, Elizabeth J. "Amorphous Ornament:." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 77, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 29–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2018.77.1.29.

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Leon Battista Alberti famously likened the relationship between architectural structure and superstructure to the dualism of skeleton and skin. In Amorphous Ornament: Wendel Dietterlin and the Dissection of Architecture, Elizabeth J. Petcu scrutinizes how the Architectura treatise (1593–98) of Strasbourg artist Wendel Dietterlin the Elder (ca. 1550–99) subverted Alberti's theory and the aesthetic of stability it promoted by popularizing a style of amorphous architectural motifs that recall bone, cartilage, muscle, and flesh, melding built framework with decorative surface. Drawing these corporeal conceits from contemporary anatomical publications, Dietterlin inspired buildings, architectural prints, and objects that challenged tectonic conventions, upset the traditional split between exterior and interior, and emulated the figural arts’ involvement in representing interior human forms. In assessing how Dietterlin's Architectura turned the proverbial body of architecture inside out, Petcu demonstrates that Renaissance comparisons between body and building did not always project ideals of architectural beauty and reveals overlooked origins of baroque-era fusions of architecture and the figural arts.

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49

Franklin, Geraint. "Listing postmodernism." Architectural Research Quarterly 22, no. 3 (September 2018): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135518000477.

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Like modernism, postmodernism was an international phenomenon with significant regional variants. Britain played an important role in mediating between the very different postmodernisms developing in North America and Continental Europe. It helped that London was at the centre of architectural discourse in the 1970s. The Architectural Association attracted international figures such as Charles Jencks, Léon Krier, and Rem Koolhaas, while publications such as Architectural Design and Andreas Papadakis's Academy Editions imprint combined coverage of new buildings with excursions into theory and history. James Stirling, John Outram, and Edward Jones won important overseas commissions, while the work of Terry Farrell, Jeremy Dixon, and others was exhibited at the seminal 1980 Venice Biennale.

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50

Fung, Stanislaus. "Notes on the Architectural Education of Nomads." Architectural Research Quarterly 2, no. 2 (1996): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135500001226.

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This paper deals with issues and possibilities of cross-cultural study in architectural education, especially the teaching of architecture history and theory in schools with students of diverse cultural background. The paper argues that responding to cultural diversity involves not only a more comprehensive curriculum, but also a correlated view of curriculum content, skills, course structure and interdisciplinarity, and a sensitivity towards differences that cannot be accounted for in a universalist frame of reference. Instances of the cultural possibilities offered by the Chinese tradition to contemporary architectural education are given as examples and these are related to a geo-cultural landscape of Chinese communities in which Western schools might exercise a significant role.

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