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Burmistrova, A. L., M. N. Vavilov, D. S. Stashkevich, and T. A. Suslova. "Immunogenetic profile of MIC (A, B) HLA loci linked to MHC antigenic complex in Russians of the Chelyabinsk Region." Medical Immunology (Russia) 24, no. 1 (March 10, 2022): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-ipo-2324.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The MIC genes are located on chromosome 6 in the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region and encode a membrane-bound stress-inducible protein that acts as a ligand to stimulate the NKG2D activating receptor expressed on the surface of the most natural killer cells (NK). Currently, 7 MIC loci are known, of which only MICA and MICB encode proteins and show a significant allelic polymorphism. The MIC gene polymorphism and their location in the HLA region suggests presence of some ethnic and populational differences for the gene frequencies, linkage disequilibrium of distinct loci, and distribution of HLA-MIC haplotypes, thus making it possible to get information on genetic relationship of human populations. The aim of our study was to assess immunogenetic profile of Russian population in Chelyabinsk Region based on the non-classical HLA loci, i.e., MICA and MICB, in the context of worldwide population data. Methods of the study included immunogenetic typing of 100 donors identifying themselves as Russians, taken from the Registry of Stem Cell Donors at the Chelyabinsk Regional Blood Transfusion Station. The 2 loci (MICA and MICB) were typed at basic resolution, using PCR technique with sequence-specific primers (SSP-PCR). Gene frequencies (GF) were calculated using programs for immunogenetic research (Arlequin 3.5).Among Russian population from Chelyabinsk Region, the following characteristics of the MICA gene distributions were found: MICA *008, *002, *010, *009, frequency of > 7%; average frequencies, for MICA *004, *007, *018, *017; whereas MICA *027, *011, *006, *009:02, *049, *012, *016 was registered at a frequency of < 3.5%. MICB gene profile was as follows: MICB *005:02, *004, *002, *008 at a frequency of > 6%; at a frequency of 4% MICB *003, *005:03; MICB *005:01, * 005:04, * 009N, MICB *013, *014 at a frequency of0.5%. As based on calculated genetic distances (according to Ney) for the MICA locus, the dendrogram and scatter plot were designed by means of multidimensional scaling (MDS) method, presenting location of 30 world populations, including data on Russians in Chelyabinsk Region. The smallest genetic distances between the population of Russians from Chelyabinsk Region and other world populations were found between the population of Slovenia, as well as the USA population of European origin. As based on scatterplot obtained by the MDS approach for MICA gene frequencies, using the data of cluster analysis, we have found that the population of Russians from Chelyabinsk Region belongs to a cluster of typical European populations.The obtained patterns could be used for practical purposes to create a registry of stem cell donors in Russia. In addition, the data may be used as a control group for further research in the area of HLA-disease association, and could be also demanded by the specialists in population ethnogenesis.
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Lam, Patrick, Lisa Hackett, George AC Murrell, and Wai Weng Yeo. "Paper 04: The Effects of Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis on Early Clinical Outcomes Following Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 10, no. 5_suppl3 (May 1, 2022): 2325967121S0054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00542.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objectives: It is unclear if concomitant glenohumeral osteoarthritis is protective or detrimental with respect to rotator cuff integrity after arthroscopic repair surgery. We hypothesized that the associated stiffness might protect the repaired tendon. In the alternate, arthritis might reflect a gradual degeneration of the joint including a degenerative tendon and therefore predispose the repair to re-tear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether concomitant osteoarthritic changes found intra-operatively during arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs (RCR) have a beneficial or detrimental effect on post-operative repair integrity. Methods: This study is a post-hoc analysis of prospectively collected data of patients who underwent primary arthroscopic RCR between 2005 and 2019 by a single surgeon. Patients were divided into an osteoarthritic group and a control group based on the presence or absence of intra- operative osteoarthritic changes respectively. The primary outcome measure was cuff integrity detected by post-operative ultrasound at 6-months. The secondary outcomes were patient-reported outcomes including shoulder pain, stiffness, level of activity at work and level of sport, and physician-reported outcomes including shoulder range of motion and strength. Results: A total of 2155 consecutive patients met the inclusion criteria with a mean age of 59 years (SD=0.2) and there were more males as compared to females (56% vs. 44%). 28% of patients undergoing RCR had osteoarthritic changes detected intra- operatively. Intra-operatively, the osteoarthritic group had more full-thickness tears (64% vs. 59%) (p<.001), a larger mean anteroposterior tear length [20mm (SD=0.5) vs. 17mm (SD=0.4)] (p<.001) and a larger mean mediolateral tear length [17mm (SD=0.5) vs. 15mm (SD=0.4)] (p<.001). Ultrasonographic evaluation at 6-months post-surgery demonstrated that the osteoarthritic group had a higher incidence of cuff re-tear rate as compared to the control group (15% vs. 11%) (p=.016) ( Figure 1). However, after performing a multiple logistic regression analysis, osteoarthritis was not found to be an independent predictor of re-tear. There were very marginal differences in patient-reported outcomes at 6-months after surgery between the two groups ( Table 1). The osteoarthritic group reported lesser post-operative frequency of activity pain [2.0 (SD=1.46) vs. 2.2 (SD=1.43)] (p=.005), frequency of extreme pain [0.8 (SD=1.35) vs. 1.0 (SD=1.41)] (p=.035) and level of pain during overhead activity [1.7 (SD=1.30) vs. 1.9 (SD=1.30)] (p=.021) as compared to controls. As compared to controls, the osteoarthritic group also experienced lesser post-operative stiffness [1.5 (SD=1.32) vs. 1.6 (SD=1.31)] (p=.019) and reported lower intensities of work-related activities [1.1 (SD=0.88) vs. 1.2 (SD=0.85)] (p=.038) and lower level of sport activity [0.4 (SD=0.62) vs. 0.5 (SD=0.70)] (p=.004). In terms of physical examination at 6-months following surgery ( Table 2), the osteoarthritic group were found to have lesser range of motion in forward flexion [146° (SD=33.1) vs. 151° (SD=31.2)] (p=.009), abduction [127° (SD=38.8) vs. 131° (SD=38.1)] (p=.034), external rotation [50° (SD=21.4) vs. 52° (SD=21.0)] (p=.024) and internal rotation (L1 vertebrae (SD=4.2) vs. T12 vertebrae (SD=4.2)] (p=.004) as compared to controls. The osteoarthritic group as weaker internal rotation strength [68N (SD=30.5) vs. 73N (SD=32.9)] (p=.004), external rotation strength [57N (SD=25.3) vs. 60N (SD=27.2)] (p=.026), supraspinatus flexion strength [45N (SD=26.8) vs. 50N (SD=27.9)] (p<.001), lift-off [40N (SD=24.3) vs. 44N (SD=25.3)] (p<.001) and adduction strength [76N (SD=36.5) vs. 81N (SD=39.3)] (p=.008) as compared to the control group. Conclusions: Patients with concomitant glenohumeral osteoarthritis who underwent arthroscopic RCR had higher re-tear rates at 6-months after surgery. However, osteoarthritis is not an independent predictor of rotator cuff re-tear at 6-months. Therefore, arthroscopic RCR is a viable surgical option for these patients. [Figure: see text][Table: see text][Table: see text]
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ARCHIMÈDE, H., C. PONCET, M. BOVAL, F. NIPEAU, L. PHILIBERT, A. XANDÉ, and G. AUMONT. "Comparison of fresh and dried Digitaria decumbens grass intake and digestion by Black-belly rams." Journal of Agricultural Science 133, no. 2 (September 1999): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859699006784.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The intake and digestion of fresh and dried Digitaria decumbens grass by rams was compared using a 2×2 factorial design. The experiment took place in Guadeloupe (French West Indies) in 1996. Eight rams (mean liveweight: 45·7±3·1 kg) were maintained in metabolism cages. Digitaria decumbens grass was cut daily and distributed to four of them, the other four were fed the following day with the equivalent forage which had meanwhile been dried for 20 h at 60°C. Chemical composition (g/kg of dry matter (DM)) of the two diets based on neutral detergent fibre (NDF, 713, S.E. 18), acid detergent fibre (ADF, 361, S.E. 13) and crude protein (CP, 90, S.E. 4) was similar. The DM intake (61·0 and 53·2 g/W0·75, S.E. 2·0, P<0·05), the NDF (0·753 and 0·727, S.E. 0·004, P<0·011) and CP (0·588 and 0·544, S.E. 0·014, P<0·09) total tract digestibility of fresh and dried herbage were different. Nylon bag estimates of effective DM degradability and fractional degradation rates (per h) in the rumen were 0·436, 0·414 (S.E. 0·005, P<0·004) and 0·048, 0·038 (S.E. 0·002, P<0·02) for fresh and dried grass, respectively. Rumen digestibility of organic matter and NDF were 0·516, 0·541 (S.E. 0·021) and 0·763, 0·692 (S.E. 0·019), respectively. The rumen turnover rates of particles (per h) were 0·024 and 0·015 (S.E. 0·001, P<0·05) for fresh and dried forage respectively. The efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (g microbial nitrogen/kg organic matter apparently degraded in the rumen) was similar with the two diets : 33·5 and 33·0 (S.E. 3·3, P<0·9) for fresh and dried forage respectively. In conclusion, fresh Digitaria decumbens was nutritionally superior to dried. This is probably due to a faster degradation rate and a lower rumen retention time of the fresh forage.
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Tsimberidou, A. M., C. Tam, W. Wierda, S. O' Brien, S. Lerner, and M. J. Keating. "Beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) is an independent prognostic factor for clinical outcomes in patients with CLL treated with frontline fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) regardless of age, creatinine clearance (CrCl)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 7034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.7034.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
7034 Introduction: High β2M levels are a risk factor in CLL. PCR therapy has been reported to be better tolerated than FCR in older or with decrease renal function pts (Shanafelt, Blood 108:15a). We assessed the association between age, CrCl, PS, β2M and outcomes in pts treated with FCR. Methods: From 7/99 to 1/04, 300 pts received rituximab 375 mg/m2 D1; fludarabine 25 mg/m2/d D2–3; and cyclophosphamide 250 mg/m2/d D2–3. Serum β2M levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. CrCl was calculated (Cockcroft-Gault equation). Results: The median age was 57 yrs (≥70, 14%). Age ≥70 was associated with fewer FCR courses (p<.0001); lower rates of CR (p=.001), overall response (OR; p=.04), survival (OS; p<.0001), and FFS (p=.008); and higher rates of G3–4 thrombopenia (p<.0001) or anemia (p=.002) compared with age<70. The median CrCl was 90 mL/min (CrCl <70, 27%). Pts with CrCl <70 had higher rates of G3–4 thrombopenia (p=.006) or anemia (p=.01) than others. There were no differences between the 2 groups in the other outcomes. PS was 0 in 40%, 1 in 57%, and 2 in 3% of pts. Better PS was associated with higher rates of CR (p=.007) and FFS (p=.02) but did not affect OR or OS. The median β2M level was 3.7 mg/L (β2M ≥ 4, 43%). The rates of CR, survival, and FFS were lower in pts with β2M ≥ 4 compared with others (p<.0001 each). High β2M levels were associated with older age, lower CrCl levels, poorer PS (p<.0001 each), higher rates of G3–4 neutropenia (p=.005), thrombocytopenia (p=.01), and infections (p=.03), and fewer FCR courses (p=.004). The median follow-up was 5 yrs. The rates of CR, 3-yr OS and 3-yr FFS were 72%, 87% and 76%, respectively. Independent factors predicting response were lower β2M (p=.0004) and lower WBC counts (p=.02). Independent factors predicting longer OS were younger age (p=.001), lower β2M (p=.003) and lower WBC (p=.03). Independent factors predicting longer FFS were lower β2M levels (p=.0006), and lower WBC counts (p=.005). Conclusion: Age ≥70 yrs and poor PS, but not CrCl level were associated with poor clinical outcomes. High β2M levels are an independent adverse prognostic factor for CR, OS, and FFS in the context of other prognostic factors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Farinha, Pedro, Abdulwahab Al-Tourah, Karamjit Gill, Richard Klasa, Joseph M. Connors, and Randy D. Gascoyne. "The architectural pattern of FOXP3-positive T cells in follicular lymphoma is an independent predictor of survival and histologic transformation." Blood 115, no. 2 (January 14, 2010): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-07-235598.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Previous studies of follicular lymphoma (FL) patients treated heterogeneously have suggested that decreased numbers of regulatory T cells correlates with improved survival. We studied advanced-stage FL patients from a single institution phase 2 trial. All patients were treated uniformly with multiagent chemotherapy and radiation. Tissue microarrays were constructed using diagnostic biopsies available in 105 patients and stained with CD4, CD8, CD25, and forkhead/winged helix transcription factor 3 (FOXP3) antibodies. Both cell content and cell distribution were evaluated. For all antibodies, there were cases with a predominant intrafollicular or perifollicular localization of cells (follicular pattern) while others displayed a diffuse pattern. The median follow-up of living patients was 17.1 years. The International Prognostic Index score predicted overall survival (OS; P = .004) but not risk of transformation (RT). Cell content did not impact survival, while immunoarchitectural patterns of CD4/CD8 were significant for progression-free survival (PFS; P = .056), CD25 for both PFS and OS (P = .002 and P = .024, respectively), and FOXP3+ predicted PFS, OS, and RT (P = .001, P < .001 and p = .002, respectively). A Cox multivariate model showed both International Prognostic Index score and FOXP3+ pattern were independent predictors of OS (P = .008 and P < .001, respectively), while only FOXP3+ pattern predicted RT (P = .004). We conclude that FOXP3+ cell distribution significantly predicts survival and RT in FL.
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Rentería-Mexía, Ana, Sonia Vega-López, Micah L. Olson, Pamela D. Swan, Chong D. Lee, Allison N. Williams, and Gabriel Q. Shaibi. "Effects of a lifestyle intervention on markers of cardiometabolic risk and oxidized lipoproteins among obese adolescents with prediabetes." Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 4 (December 27, 2018): 706–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980018003476.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractObjectiveObesity and hyperglycaemia contribute to the atherosclerotic process in part through oxidative modifications to lipoprotein particles. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of a lifestyle intervention on markers of oxidized lipoproteins in obese Latino adolescents with prediabetes.DesignPre–post design.SettingParticipants were enrolled into a 12-week lifestyle intervention. Measurements pre- and post-intervention included anthropometrics and body composition, lipid panel, oxidized LDL (oxLDL), oxidized HDL (oxHDL), intake of fresh fruits and vegetables, and cardiorespiratory fitness.ParticipantsThirty-five obese Latino adolescents (seventeen females, eighteen males; mean age 15·5 (sd1·0) years; mean BMI percentile 98·5 (sd1·2)) with prediabetes.ResultsIntervention participation resulted in significant reductions in weight (−1·2 %,P= 0·042), BMI and BMI percentile (−2·0 and −0·4 %, respectively,P< 0·001), body fat (−7·0 %,P= 0·025), TAG (−11·8 %,P= 0·032), total cholesterol (−5·0 %,P= 0·002), VLDL-cholesterol (−12·5 %,P= 0·029), and non-HDL-cholesterol (−6·7 %,P= 0·007). Additionally, fitness (6·4 %,P< 0·001) and intake of fruits and vegetables (42·4 %,P= 0·025) increased significantly. OxLDL decreased significantly after the intervention (51·0 (sd14·0)v. 48·7 (sd12·8) U/l,P= 0·022), while oxHDL trended towards a significant increase (395·2 (sd94·6)v. 416·1 (sd98·4) ng/ml,P= 0·056).ConclusionsThese data support the utility of lifestyle intervention to improve the atherogenic phenotype of Latino adolescents who are at high risk for developing premature CVD and type 2 diabetes.
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Papasideris, Mia, Scott T. Leatherdale, Kate Battista, and Peter A. Hall. "An examination of the prospective association between physical activity and academic achievement in youth at the population level." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 11, 2021): e0253142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253142.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Exercise has significant benefits for brain health and this may have downstream learning benefits for youth. However existing studies looking at links between physical activity and academic achievement are limited by relatively small sample sizes and/or cross-sectional designs. The objective of this study is to determine the direction and magnitude of the association between physical activity and academic achievement in a large prospective sample of adolescents. Linear mixed models with random intercepts and multinomial ordinal generalized estimating equations were employed to analyze the prospective relationship between measures of physical activity and academic achievement from the COMPASS study (N = 9,898 linked participant data cases from year 2 (2013–2014) to year 4 (2015–2016)). The linear relationships between minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity and academic achievement (English: r = -.047, p < .000; Math: r = -.026, p = .008) as well as meeting the national physical activity guidelines and academic achievement (English: est = -.052, p = .004; Math: est = -.052, p = .028) were negative and trivial in magnitude. Organized sport participation showed slight positive associations with academic achievement indices, but these were also of trivial magnitude. In conclusion, the relationship between physical activity and academic achievement was effectively null in this population sample. Advocacy for physical activity programming for adolescent populations may best be undertaken with reference to lack of net academic achievement cost, rather than presence of benefit, or simply with reference to the many other physical and mental health benefits for youth.
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Loughlin, Howard H., Nancy E. Clapp-Channing, Stephen H. Gehlbach, John C. Pollard, and Thomas M. McCutchen. "Early Termination of Breast-Feeding: Identifying Those at Risk." Pediatrics 75, no. 3 (March 1, 1985): 508–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.75.3.508.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In a private pediatric practice, 94 infants who were breast-feeding were followed for the first 2 months of life in order to define the frequency of cessation of breast-feeding and to identify factors that would predict mothers and infants at risk for early cessation. At 8 weeks, 30% of the mothers had stopped nursing. Factors associated with cessation were: maternal lack of confidence in breast-feeding (P < .001); anticipated duration of nursing less than 6 months (P = .002); ratings by the nursery staff of infant's excessive crying (P = .007), infant's demanding personality (P = .007), trouble with féeding (P = .001), and future trouble with feeding (P = .004). Together, these factors predicted 77% of the mothers who terminated breast-feeding. Supplementing with formula before the 2-week office visit also led to termination of breast-feeding by 8 weeks (P = .006). This decision was frequently made without medical advice. Nearly 64% (14/22) of the mothers who added formula within the first 2 weeks did so without contacting the pediatric practice.
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Andrews, Natalie, Abraham Ettaher, Robert Scissons, and David Paolini. "Prevalence of Hemodynamically Significant Internal Carotid Artery Disease Based on the Signs of the Zodiac." Journal for Vascular Ultrasound 42, no. 3 (August 24, 2018): 120–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1544316718795264.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Vascular sonography requires a basic understanding of statistical concepts used to evaluate exam efficacy. Statistical analysis, however, is often viewed as intimidating and dull. To make this subject less threatening and more interesting, our vascular ultrasound class investigated the prevalence of hemodynamically significant internal carotid artery (ICA) disease based on signs of the zodiac. Randomly selected carotid ultrasound patients were obtained from an accredited vascular laboratory database based on month and day of birth. Each sign of the zodiac was assigned 60 patients. Exam results were defined as (1) normal: bilateral < 50% ICA stenoses, or (2) abnormal: unilateral or bilateral ⩾ 50% ICA stenosis. The Fisher exact test was used to compare normal and abnormal patient groups within each sign of the zodiac. The P value of < .05 was used to define statistical significance. A total of 720 patients were included in this analysis. Patients born under the sign of Gemini had significantly fewer numbers of abnormal stenoses than 6 astrological groups: Capricorn ( P = .004), Virgo ( P = .014), Libra ( P = .007), Pisces ( P = .026), Aries ( P = .000), and Sagittarius ( P = .007). Patients born under the sign of Aries had significantly greater numbers of abnormal results than 7 zodiacal groups: Taurus ( P = .001), Aquarius ( P = .002), Gemini ( P = .000), Pisces ( P = .040), Cancer ( P = .015), Scorpio ( P = .002), and Leo ( P = .022). Hemodynamically significant (⩾50%) ICA stenoses were statistically more prevalent for carotid duplex patients born under the zodiac sign of Aries and significantly less prevalent under the sign of Gemini. While these results may be medically unimportant, this vascular ultrasound assignment helps students understand the value of statistical reporting and, in general, made statistical analysis more relatable and enjoyable.
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Bivoltsis, Alexia, Gina Trapp, Matthew Knuiman, Paula Hooper, and Gina Leslie Ambrosini. "The influence of the local food environment on diet following residential relocation: longitudinal results from RESIDential Environments (RESIDE)." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 12 (May 7, 2020): 2132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019005111.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractObjective:To examine the associations of changes in the local food environment, individual behaviours and perceptions with changes in dietary intake, following relocation from an established neighbourhood to a new residential development.Design:Spatial food environment exposure measures were generated relative to each participant’s home address using the locations of food outlets at baseline (before moving house) and follow-up (1–2 years after relocation). Self-reported data on socio-demographics, self-selection, usual dietary intake, individual behaviours and perceptions of the local food environment were sourced from the RESIDential Environments (RESIDE) Project. Changes in spatial exposure measures, individual behaviours and perceptions with changes in dietary outcomes were examined using mixed linear models.Setting:Perth, Western Australia, 2003–2007.Participants:Adults (n 1200) from the RESIDE Project.Results:Moving to a new residential development with more convenience stores and café restaurants around the home was significantly associated with an increase in unhealthy food intake (β = 0·049, 95 % CI 0·010, 0·089; β = 0·020, 95 % CI 0·007, 0·033) and was partially mediated by individual behaviours and perceptions. A greater percentage of healthy food outlets around the home following relocation was significantly associated with an increase in healthy food (β = 0·003, 95 % CI 0·001, 0·005) and fruit/vegetable intake (β = 0·002, 95 % CI 0·001, 0·004).Conclusions:Policy and planning may influence dietary intakes by restricting the number of convenience stores and other unhealthy food outlets and increasing the relative percentage of healthy food outlets.
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Miller, Ryan M., Aaron D. Heishman, Eduardo D. S. Freitas, and Michael G. Bemben. "Comparing the Acute Effects of Intermittent and Continuous Whole-Body Vibration Exposure on Neuromuscular and Functional Measures in Sarcopenia and Nonsarcopenic Elderly Women." Dose-Response 16, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 155932581879700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559325818797009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This investigation examined the acute effects of continuous whole-body vibration (CWBV) and intermittent whole-body vibration (IWBV) on neuromuscular and functional measures in women with sarcopenia and nonsarcopenic women. Continuous whole-body vibration was one 6-minute exposure, while IWBV consisted of six 60-second exposures to rest intervals (30 Hz, 2-4 mm amplitude). Factorial analyses revealed group × exposure × time interactions for jump height (JH; F = 10.8, P = .002), grip strength (GS; F = 15.5, P < .001), timed up and go test (F = 11.7, P = .002), and sit and reach test (S&R; F = 9.7, P = .004). Both JH and GS significantly improved post-WBV in women with sarcopenia ( P < .001), with post-IWBV significantly greater ( P < .001) than post-CWBV. Timed up and go test and S&R significantly improved post-IWBV in both the groups ( P < .001) with post-IWBV significantly better than post-CWBV ( P < .001). Bench press power at 20% one repetition maximum (1RM) revealed an exposure × time interaction (F = 4.6, P = .04) illuminating that IWBV significantly improved muscular power ( P < .001). Bench press power at 40% 1RM revealed group × exposure (F = 6.4, P = .016) and exposure × time interactions (F = 5.8, P = .022). Individuals with sarcopenia significantly increased power output ( P < .001) post-IWBV which was significantly greater than post-CWBV ( P = .037). Bench press power at 60% 1RM revealed an exposure × time interaction (F = 8.6, P = .006), indicating that power was significantly improved post-IWBV ( P = .027) and decreased post-CWBV. Berg Balance scale revealed a time main effect (F = 6.64, P = .015), and pain discomfort was significantly lower post-IWBV. These data indicate IWBV may provide a more efficacious exposure pattern in older women when compared to CWBV.
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Nnabuihe, Emmanuel Chinweike, Emmanuel Uzoma Onweremadu, Bethel Ugochukwu Uzoho, and Bernadine Ngozi Aririguzo. "CHARACTERIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF SELECTED FLOODPLAIN SOILS FOR ARABLE CROP PRODUCTION IN ABAKALIKI SOUTHEASTERN NIGERIA." International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research 08, no. 01 (2022): 114–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2022.8108.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study investigated soils of Abakaliki floodplains to characterize and classify them for sustainable use and management. Two profile pits each were dug in Mgbo-Abaja, Inyimagu and Nkwagu sites. Twenty-seven soil samples were collected from genetic horizons and sent to the laboratory for analysis. Results showed that soils were well drained except in Mgbo-Abaja 002 which was poorly drained. Colour varied from brown (10YR 5/3) to weak red (2.5YR 5/2), brown (10YR 4/3) to red (2.5YR 5/6) and dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) to reddish yellow (5YR 7/8) in Mgbo-Abaja, Inyimagu and Nkwagu respectively. Mottles were observed in MgboAbaja and Inyimagu profiles as a result of redoximorphism. Soils were sandy and ranged from 526 – 764 mg/kg. The pH was moderately acidic (5.80 – 6.07); mean values of base saturation (%) was moderate (21.03 – 45.31 %), electrical conductivity was low (< 4.0 dSm-1 ) and exchangeable sodium percent (ESP) was < 15 % except in Nkwagu profile 006. The soils were classified (USDA / WRB) as Typic Kandiaquults / Ferralic Gleysols (Mgbo-Abaja 001), Typic Kandiaquults / Cambic Gleysols (Mgbo-Abaja 002), Typic Kandiaquults / Ferralic Gleysols (Inyimagu 003), Grossarenic Kandiaqualfs / Ferralic Gleysols (Inyimagu 004), Typic Kandiaquults / Ferralic Acrisols (Nkwagu 005) and Grossarenic Kandiaqualfs / Ferralic Acrisols (Nkwagu 006). It is recommended that there should be creation of drainage channels to reduce water logging of sites, employ some management practices like liming, application of biochar technique, organic manure and inorganic fertilizer, which will boost the condition of soils and improve their fertility for arable crop production.
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Ferguson, Craig, Gavin Low, and Gillian Shiau. "Burnout in Canadian Radiology Residency: A National Assessment of Prevalence and Underlying Contributory Factors." Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 71, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0846537119885672.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective: To determine burnout prevalence in Canadian radiology residency and identify contributing factors. Materials and Methods: A prospective 57-item survey, including the 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory-Health Sciences Survey, was sent to all Canadian radiology residents, with a total resident population of 359. The association between emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal achievement (PA) scores with items in the survey was performed. Continuous data were evaluated using the Student t test for comparing the means between the 2 groups or the analysis of variance test for comparing the means between at least 3 groups. Spearman correlation coefficient was performed when evaluating ordinal categorical data. Results: Response rate is 40.1% (n = 144); 50.7% of residents demonstrate high EE, 48.6% demonstrate high DP, and 35.9% demonstrate low PA. Being unhappy with residency and with radiology as a career is associated with burnout ( P < .001). Age, sex, marital status, and children have no impact on burnout. More hours worked is associated with higher EE ( P = .025) and DP ( P = .004). In all, 47.2% residents experienced intimidation or harassment. Feeling unsupported by staff radiologists is associated with higher EE ( P < .001), higher DP ( P = .001), and lower PA ( P = .008). In all, 45.1% of residents have poor work–life balance, and those residents demonstrate higher EE ( P < .001), higher DP ( P = .006), and lower PA ( P = .01). In all, 25% of residents identify poor education-service balance in their residency, and those residents have higher EE ( P < .001), higher DP ( P = .042), and lower PA ( P = .005). Conclusion: This study demonstrates significant burnout in Canadian radiology residents with major contributory factors identified.
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Carvalho, Pedro, Bruno Oliveira, Renata Barros, Patrícia Padrão, Pedro Moreira, and Vítor Hugo Teixeira. "Impact of Fluid Restriction and ad Libitum Water Intake or an 8% Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Beverage on Skill Performance of Elite Adolescent Basketball Players." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 21, no. 3 (June 2011): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.21.3.214.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Twelve adolescent athletes underwent, in a crossover-design study, 3 separate 90-min training sessions in the following conditions: no fluid ingestion allowed (NF), ad libitum ingestion of water (W), and ad libitum ingestion of a commercial 8% carbohydrate-electrolyte sports beverage (CSB). After each session athletes performed a set of basketball drills (2-point, 3-point, and free-throw shootout, suicide sprints, and defensive zigzags). Body weight (before and after sessions), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), urine color, and beverage acceptability were determined in each session. Athletes also completed a survey about their knowledge and behaviors regarding hydration and fluid replacement. The percentage of weight loss was significantly higher in NF (2.46% ± 0.87%) than in the other 2 conditions (W, 1.08% ± 0.67%, p = .006; CSB, 0.65% ± 0.62%, p = .001) but also higher in W than CSB (p = .012). RPE was higher in NF (16.8 ± 1.96) than in the W (14.2 ± 1.99, p = .004) and CSB (13.3 ± 2.06, p = .002) trials. Athletes’ fluid intake was positively correlated with proper self-reported behaviors (r = .75, p = .005) and knowledge (r = .76, p = .004) about fluid and hydration. In conclusion, fluid restriction during exercise was associated with a greater level of dehydration and increased perceived exertion but had no impact on basketball performance compared with ad libitum drinking of water or a CSB. Athletes with more knowledge about hydration and better self-reported hydration behaviors ingested more fluids during training sessions.
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Astuti, Yuni, Tafiprios Tafiprios, and Cristina Catur Widayati. "TAKAKURA COMPOST MAKING TRAINING JOGLO VILLAGE, WEST JAKARTA." ICCD 1, no. 1 (December 22, 2018): 692–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33068/iccd.vol1.iss1.103.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Takakura method to solve the problem of the accumulation of organic waste in the household environment, especially in the kitchen where the mother is cooking, provided that the hygiene is not smelly and not dirty, considering the kitchen where food is processed.. The purpose and objective of this activity is to provide training to housewives especially Citizens Association (Indonesian known as RW)001, 002, 003, 004, 006 and 008 in Joglo Village about making Takakura compost, so that the mother can solve the problem of household waste after cooking. Conclusion Community Service Program with the theme "Composting Waste of Household Kitchen Supporting Environmental Sanitation" is 1). Can increase the added value of mothers' skills in composting household kitchen waste with the Takakura Method, 2). Can improve the application of science and technology, by utilizing organic material microorganisms as decomposers, 3). Can improve the improvement of people's values, especially family health. The suggestion is to conduct further training on the use of organic waste from composting in preserving the environment and its marketing, 2). It is necessary to collaborate with private companies that have more organic waste such as restaurants, so that the processing of kitchen waste does not pollute the environment.
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Ladenstein, Ruth, Dominique Valteau-Couanet, Penelope Brock, Isaac Yaniv, Victoria Castel, Geneviève Laureys, Josef Malis, et al. "Randomized Trial of Prophylactic Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor During Rapid COJEC Induction in Pediatric Patients With High-Risk Neuroblastoma: The European HR-NBL1/SIOPEN Study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 28, no. 21 (July 20, 2010): 3516–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.3524.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose To reduce the incidence of febrile neutropenia during rapid COJEC (cisplatin, vincristine, carboplatin, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide given in a rapid delivery schedule) induction. In the High-Risk Neuroblastoma-1 (HR-NBL1) trial, the International Society of Paediatric Oncology European Neuroblastoma Group (SIOPEN) randomly assigned patients to primary prophylactic (PP) versus symptom-triggered granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF; filgrastim). Patients and Methods From May 2002 to November 2005, 239 patients in 16 countries were randomly assigned to receive or not receive PPGCSF. There were 144 boys with a median age of 3.1 years (range, 1 to 17 years) of whom 217 had International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) stage 4 and 22 had stage 2 or 3 MYCN-amplified disease. The prophylactic arm received a single daily dose of 5 μg/kg GCSF, starting after each of the eight COJEC chemotherapy cycles and stopping 24 hours before the next cycle. Chemotherapy was administered every 10 days regardless of hematologic recovery, provided that infection was controlled. Results The PPGCSF arm had significantly fewer febrile neutropenic episodes (P = .002), days with fever (P = .004), hospital days (P = .017), and antibiotic days (P = .001). Reported Common Toxicity Criteria (CTC) graded toxicity was also significantly reduced: infections per cycle (P = .002), fever (P < .001), severe leucopenia (P < .001), neutropenia (P < .001), mucositis (P = .002), nausea/vomiting (P = .045), and constipation (P = .008). Severe weight loss was reduced significantly by 50% (P = .013). Protocol compliance with the rapid induction schedule was also significantly better in the PPGCSF arm shown by shorter time to completion (P = .005). PPGCSF did not adversely affect response rates or success of peripheral-blood stem-cell harvest. Conclusion Following these results, PPG-GSF was advised for all patients on rapid COJEC induction.
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Haerens, Leen, Carine Vereecken, Lea Maes, and Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij. "Relationship of physical activity and dietary habits with body mass index in the transition from childhood to adolescence: a 4-year longitudinal study." Public Health Nutrition 13, no. 10A (October 2010): 1722–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980010002284.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractObjectiveTo explore the relationship between several physical activity (PA) and dietary behaviours and BMI Z-score and to investigate the relationship between changes in these variables and in the BMI Z-score over a 4-year period from childhood to adolescence.DesignLongitudinal study in which children were included in the fifth grade and measured for four consecutive years. Dietary and PA behaviours as well as height and weight were measured by means of self-reported validated questionnaires.SettingFifty-nine Flemish elementary schools.SubjectsThe baseline sample consisted of 51·9 % boys and the mean age was 10 (sd 0·4) years. During the first measurement year (2002), data on 1670 fifth graders were gathered. These measurements were repeated after 1 (n 1557), 2 (n 1151) and 3 (n 807) years.ResultsSignificant inverse relationships with BMI Z-score were observed for frequency of breakfast consumption (β = −0·033, se = 0·012) and frequency of sports participation (β = −0·011, se = 0·004) across four time points. Significant inverse relationships between changes in BMI Z-score and changes in frequency of sports participation (β = −0·011, se = 0·006) and hours of physical education (PE; β = −0·052, se = 0·023) were observed, meaning that decreases in sports participation and hours spent in PE were associated with increases in BMI Z-score.ConclusionsThe present study provides an important insight into different dietary and PA behaviours related to (changes in) BMI Z-score during the transition from childhood to adolescence.
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Finkenstedt, Gerd, Rudolf W. Gasser, Günter Höfle, Christine Watfah, and Leo Fridrich. "Effects of growth hormone (GH) replacement on bone metabolism and mineral density in adult onset of GH deficiency: results of a double-blind placebo-controlled study with open follow-up." European Journal of Endocrinology 136, no. 3 (March 1997): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1360282.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract It is known that GH stimulates bone turnover and that GH-deficient adults have a lower bone mass than healthy controls. In order to evaluate the influences of GH replacement therapy on markers of bone turnover and on bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with adult onset GH deficiency, a doubleblind placebo-controlled study of treatment with recombinant human GH (rhGH; mean dose 2·4 IU daily) in 20 patients for 6 months and an extended open study of 6 to 12 months were conducted. Eighteen patients, fourteen men and four women, with a mean age of 44 years with adult onset GH deficiency were evaluated in the study. Compared with placebo, after 6 months serum calcium (2·39±0·02 vs 2·32±0·02 mmol/l, P=0·037) and phosphate (0·97±0·06 vs 0·75±0·05 mmol/l, P=0·011) increased and the index of phosphate excretion (0·03±0·03 vs 0·19±0·02, P<0·001) decreased significantly, and there was a significant increase in the markers of bone formation (osteocalcin, 64·8±11·8 vs 17·4±1·8 ng/ml, P<0·001; procollagen type I carboxyterminal propeptide (PICP), 195·3±26·4 vs 124·0±15·5 ng/ml, P=0·026) as well as those of bone resorption (type I collagen carboxyterminal telopeptide (ICTP), 8·9±1·2 vs 3·3±0·5 ng/ml, P<0·001; urinary hydroxyproline, 0·035±0·006 vs 0·018±0·002 mg/100 ml glomerular filtration rate, P=0·009). BMD did not change during this period of time. IGF-I was significantly higher in treated patients (306·5±45·3 vs 88·7±22·5 ng/ml, P<0·001). An analysis of the data compiled from 18 patients treated with rhGH for 12 months revealed similar significant increases in serum calcium and phosphate, and the markers of bone turnover (osteocalcin, PICP, ICTP, urinary hydroxyproline). Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-measured BMD in the lumbar spine (1·194±0·058 vs 1·133±0·046 g/cm2, P=0·015), femoral neck (1·009±0·051 vs 0·936±0·034 g/cm2, P=0·004), Ward's triangle (0·801±0·055 vs 0·816±0·04 g/cm2, P=0·019) and the trochanteric region (0·869±0·046 vs 0·801±0·033 g/cm2, P=0·005) increased significantly linearly (compared with the individual baseline values). At 12 months, BMD in patients with low bone mass (T-score < −1·0 s.d.) increased more than in those with normal bone mass (lumbar spine 11·5 vs 2·1%, P=0·030, and femoral neck 9·7 vs 4·2%, P=0·055). IGF-I increased significantly in all treated patients. In conclusion, treatment of GH-deficient adults with rhGH increases bone turnover for at least 12 months. BMD in the lumbar spine and the proximal femur increases continuously in this time (open study) and the benefit is greater in patients with low bone mass. Therefore, GH-deficient patients exhibiting osteopenia or osteoporosis should be considered candidates for GH supplementation. However, long-term studies are needed to establish that the positive effects on BMD are persistent and are associated with a reduction in fracture risk. European Journal of Endocrinology 136 282–289
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Jamilian, Mehri, Zohreh Tabassi, Željko Reiner, Ida Panahandeh, Fatemeh Naderi, Esmat Aghadavod, Elaheh Amirani, et al. "The effects of n-3 fatty acids from flaxseed oil on genetic and metabolic profiles in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial." British Journal of Nutrition 123, no. 7 (January 6, 2020): 792–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114519003416.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe present study was performed to evaluate the effects of n-3 fatty acids from flaxseed oil on genetic and metabolic profiles in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed in sixty women with GDM. Participants were randomly divided into two groups to intake either 2 × 1000 mg/d n-3 fatty acids from flaxseed oil containing 400 mg α-linolenic acid in each capsule (n 30) or placebo (n 30) for 6 weeks. n-3 Fatty acid intake up-regulated PPAR-γ (P < 0·001) and LDL receptor (P = 0·004) and down-regulated gene expression of IL-1 (P = 0·002) and TNF-α (P = 0·001) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of subjects with GDM. In addition, n-3 fatty acid supplementation reduced fasting plasma glucose (P = 0·001), insulin levels (P = 0·001) and insulin resistance (P < 0·001) and increased insulin sensitivity (P = 0·005) when compared with the placebo. Additionally, n-3 fatty acid supplementation was associated with a decrease in TAG (P < 0·001), VLDL-cholesterol (P < 0·001), total cholesterol (P = 0·01) and total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio (P = 0·01) when compared with placebo. n-3 Fatty acid administration was also associated with a significant reduction in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P = 0·006) and malondialdehyde (P < 0·001), and an increase in total nitrite (P < 0·001) and total glutathione levels (P = 0·006) when compared with the placebo. n-3 Fatty acid supplementation for 6 weeks to women with GDM had beneficial effects on gene expression related to insulin, lipid and inflammation, glycaemic control, lipids, inflammatory markers and oxidative stress.
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Al-Dabbagh, Sarah, Jamie S. McPhee, Mathew Piasecki, Claire E. Stewart, and Nasser Al-Shanti. "Soluble Factors Released From Activated T Lymphocytes Regulate C2C12 Myoblast Proliferation and Cellular Signaling, but Effects Are Blunted in the Elderly." Journals of Gerontology: Series A 74, no. 9 (October 17, 2018): 1375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/gly238.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The key objective of this work was to investigate the impact of young and old human lymphocyte secretomes on C2C12 myoblasts regeneration. Conditioned media were harvested from isolated young and older lymphocytes treated with (activated [AC]) or without (nonactivated [NA]), anti-CD3/CD28 activators for 4 days. AC conditioned media from older lymphocytes had decreased levels of amphiregulin (367 ± 208 pg/mL vs 904 ± 323 pg/mL; p = .018) and IGF-I (845 ± 88 ng/mL vs 1100 ± 48 ng/mL; p = .032) compared with younger AC lymphocytes. AC older versus younger lymphocytes had reduced expression of CD25 (24.6 ± 5.5%; p = .0003) and increased expression of FoxP3 (35 ± 15.7%; p = .032). Treatment of C2C12 myoblasts with young AC lymphocytes resulted in decreased expression of MyoD (0.46 ± 0.12; p =.004) and Myogenin (0.34 ± 0.05; p = .010) mRNA, increased activation of MEk1 (724 ± 140 mean fluorescent intensity [MFI]; p =.001) and ERK1/2 (3768 ± 314 MFI; p =.001), and a decreased activation of Akt (74.5 ± 4 MFI; p = .009) and mTOR (61.8 ± 7 MFI; p = .001) compared with old AC lymphocytes. By contrast, C2C12 myoblasts treated with older AC lymphocytes displayed increased expression of MyoD (0.7 ± 0.08; p =.004) and Myogenin (0.68 ± 0.05; p =.010) mRNA, decreased phosphorylation of MEk1 and ERK1/2 (528 ± 80 MFI; p = .008, and 1141 ± 668 MFI; p = .001, respectively), and increased Akt/mTOR activation (171 ± 35 MFI; p = .009, and 184 ± 33 MFI; p = .001, respectively). These data provide new evidence that differences between older and younger lymphocyte secretomes contribute to differential responses of C2C12 myoblasts in culture.
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Arques-Egea, S., E. Ros-Cucurull, C. Iranzo-Tatay, C. Parro-Torres, RF Palma-Álvarez, E. Castrillo, MA Cantillo, and P. Aznar. "95 Differential Aspects Between Schizophrenia Treatment Approaches: Oral Antipsychotics vs Aripiprazole Long-Acting Injectable." CNS Spectrums 24, no. 1 (February 2019): 221–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852919000701.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractAIMThe objective of the study is to evaluate the differences in health outcomes as well as treatment satisfaction and functionality, focusing particularly in cognitive deficits and perceived disability among stable psychotic patients with therapeutic adherence treated with oral antipsychotics (OA) vs Aripiprazole Long Acting Inyectable (A-LAI).METHODNaturalistic study, descriptive and transversal. Inclusion criteria: Schizophrenia; 18-65 years old; CGI≤3; treatment OA or A-LAI; no changes antipsychotic therapy in last 3months. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were recorded using self-applied scales (TSQM;EQ-5;SDI;PDQ) and heteroaplied (PSP;CGI;UKU). A mirror analysis was performed in the A-LAI group comparing number of psychiatric drugs and antipsychotic used, previous admissions and emergency care visits.RESULTS50 patients (25 OA, 25 A-LAI), 62% male, age 43,9±11,1, psychotic illness evolution 15,9±9,9. In comparison with OA, A-LAI patients present greater functionality scores (PSP) 75±11,5 vs 61,8,±10,5 (p.001) and better results in quality of life (EQ-5D), both quantitatively, 69±18,6 vs 48,3±22,1 (p.005), and qualitatively (particularly in everyday tasks, OR 0,15 (p.009), and better health during the last year OR 0,16 (p.011). Additionally A-LAI patients showed less disability compared to OA, particularly in work areas (4,7 vs 6,8,p.017), social life (4,5 vs 6,6,p.006), overall disability (13 vs 18,p.022) and perceived stress (4,2 vs 6,2,p.020). Perceived cognitive deficits were lower in the A-LAI group, particularly in attention and concentration. There were significant differences in weight gained OR 0,22 (p.082) and sexual disfunction OR 0,078 (p.000) in favor of A-LAI. Prolactin levels are higher for the OA group, 41,7±30,8 vs 8,6±11,67ng/ml (p.003). Treatment satisfaction (TSQM) was significantly higher in A-LAI patients in all 4 dimensions. The factor that most influences the improvement in the functionality is the treatment with A-LAI instead of OA (–10,9±4,1,p.0117). A-LAI patients required a lower number of psychiatric drugs than OA. In A-LAI patients group was observed a statistical significant difference in the number of hospitalizations (1,8 vs 0,08,p.002), the number of admission days to the hospital (45,4 vs 1,5,p.010) and the number of emergency care needed (3,96 vs 0,6,p.000); furthermore, the number of antipsychotics was significantly reduced (2±1,3 vs 0,2±0,4) as well as the number of overall psychotic drugs (4,5±2,1 vs 2,2±1,4).CONCLUSIONSAccording to the data from our study patients with schizophrenia that are treated with A-LAI show better results in quality of life, functionality, less perceived disability and cognitive deficits compare to those that received OA, as well as more levels of treatment satisfaction. Tolerance of A-LAI has been better than OA, particularly in the sexual and weight areas, being prolactin levels also lower. The change to A-LAI has allowed a reduced use of health resources.
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Elnaggar, Ragab K., Ahmed F. Samhan, and Mohammed A. Elshafey. "Differential Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy and Botulinum Toxin-A Injection on Postburn Contractures and Gait Kinematics in Burn Children." Journal of Burn Care & Research 41, no. 3 (December 23, 2019): 612–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irz212.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Postburn contracture is a complex and multifactorial problem that requires intensive inputs from the burn care staff. This study endeavored to evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy and botulinum toxin-A for treating the postburn plantar flexion contracture and optimizing ankle kinematics in burn children. Thirty-eight children with burns and plantar flexion contracture were randomized to receive the standard physical rehabilitation program (control group; n = 13), unfocused extracorporeal shockwave therapy (0.2 mJ/mm2) once a week over four consecutive weeks in addition to the standard physical rehabilitation (n = 12), or botulinum toxin-A injection (0.5–2 U/kg/muscle group with maximum dose of 12 U/kg/body weight) once at entry besides the standard physical rehabilitation (n = 13). Dorsiflexion active range of motion and ankle kinematics were measured before and immediately after treatment. The posttreatment dorsiflexion active range of motion increased significantly in the extracorporeal shockwave therapy group (P = .025) and botulinum toxin-A group (P = .04) when compared to the control group. Likewise, the initial stance–dorsiflexion, stance-maximum dorsiflexion, and swing-peak dorsiflexion angle improved significantly in the extracorporeal shockwave therapy group (P ˂ .001, P = .005, and P = .002, respectively) and botulinum toxin-A group (P = .004, P = .012, and P ˂ .001, respectively) compared to the control group. No significant differences were observed between the extracorporeal shockwave therapy and botulinum toxin-A groups with respect to any of the measured variables. To conclude, extracorporeal shockwave therapy and botulinum toxin-A injection could be effectively used to treat postburn plantar flexion contracture and to optimize the ankle kinematics during walking in children, without preference for either of them.
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Cognetti, F., P. Pinnarö, E. M. Ruggeri, P. Carlini, A. Perrino, F. A. Impiombato, F. Calabresi, M. G. Chilelli, and D. Giannarelli. "Prognostic factors for chemotherapy response and survival using combination chemotherapy as initial treatment of advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 7, no. 7 (July 1989): 829–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1989.7.7.829.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Between May 1981 and December 1987, 152 consecutive patients with locally advanced and previously untreated head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) received two or three courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) prior to surgery and/or radiotherapy. Eighteen percent of patients achieved a complete response and 45% a partial response (PR), for an overall response rate of 63%. A variety of pretreatment patient and tumor characteristics were analyzed for both the tumor response to NAC and survival rate. Significantly higher CR rates were found in patients with a World Health Organization (WHO) performance status (PS) of 0 to 1 than in those patients with a PS of 2 (P = .03). Patients with stage III disease were significantly more likely to respond than those with stage IV (P = .006). Evaluation of all parameters through multivariate analysis identifies the tumor classification (P = .001) and the primary site (P = .006) as the most significant in predicting CR. The overall 5-year survival rate of the entire group of patients was 18% (median survival, 14.3 months). Analysis by PS (P = .001), stage (P = .002), and tumor (P = .001), and node (P = .01) classes showed significant differences. Patients achieving a CR after NAC had a significantly improved survival rate as compared with those with residual disease at assessment (P = .0003). With the multistep regression analysis, the tumor (P = .005) and node (P = .007) classifications, and the sex (P = .03) were significant factors, but CR (P = .0004) remained the most important and independent predictive factor. Randomized prospective trials are requested to clearly establish the role of NAC on survival rates.
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Hwang, Hyunchan, Sun Mi Kim, Bo Netterstrøm, and Doug Hyun Han. "The Efficacy of a Smartphone-Based App on Stress Reduction: Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Medical Internet Research 24, no. 2 (February 15, 2022): e28703. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/28703.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background Stress management in the workplace is essential for a healthy mental and physical state. Due to technological advancements, individually tailored therapy and online cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are on the rise. Objective This study analyzed the efficacy of a smartphone app based on third-wave CBT tailored to an individual. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 126 participants who were divided into 2 groups. The intervention group used the smartphone app BetterLife for 10 weeks, while the control group was placed on a waiting list for the same duration. The Perceived Stress Scale–10 (PSS), Korean Utrecht Work Engagement Scale–9 (UWES), World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL), Beck Depression Inventory–II (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were administered at baseline and after 10 weeks to both groups. Results Of the 126 participants, 11 dropped out during the trial. A 2-way repeated measure analysis of covariance was conducted, controlling for baseline BDI. There were greater improvements in PSS (F=24.33, P<.001, η2=0.17) and UWESK scores (F=8.32, P=.0046, η2=0.06) in the intervention group than in the control group. WHOQOL scores exhibited statistically significant improvement in the intervention group in the overall quality of life (F=8.19, P=.0049, η2=0.06), physical health (F=8.87, P=.003, η2=0.07), psychological health (F=13.32, P<.001, η2=0.10), social relationships (F=19.43, P<.001, η2=0.14), and environmental domains (F=10.14, P=.002, η2=0.08) but not overall health (F=1.68, P=.20). BDI (F=7.17, P=.008, η2=0.06) and BAI (F=6.00, P=.02, η2=0.05) showed a statistically significant improvement in the intervention group, but this significance did not survive the Bonferroni correction (P<.005). Conclusions These results provide evidence that smartphone-based CBT is a viable option for reducing stress in the workplace. Trial Registration Clinical Research Information Service KCT0003231; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/15137
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Baron, Frederic, Myriam Labopin, Mohamad Mohty, Nadezda Basara, Dietger Niederwieser, Noel-Jean Milpied, J. J. Cornelissen, et al. "Graft-Versus-Leukemia (GVL) Effect After Reduced Intensity Conditioning (RIC) Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (allo-SCT) as Treatment for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): a Survey From the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the EBMT." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 3313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.3313.3313.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Abstract 3313 Poster Board III-201 RIC allo-SCT has been increasingly used as treatment for AML patients (pts) ineligible for myeloablative allo-SCT. Previous studies have observed a lower risk of relapse in pts who experienced chronic GVHD after RIC allo-SCT versus in those who did not. The objective of the current study was to further investigate the association between chronic GVHD and relapse in a large cohort of pts given RIC allo-SCT as treatment for AML. Data from 1188 AML pts in first or second CR transplanted between 2000 and 2008 following a RIC regimen at EBMT affiliated centers were analyzed. Patients were given PBSC from HLA-identical sibling (MRD, n=879), or from HLA-matched unrelated donors (MUD, n=309). RIC was defined as Busulfan conditioning regimens containing ≤ 8mg/kg total dose, or TBI <6 Gy. Median pt age at transplantation was 55 (range, 18-76) yrs in pts given grafts from MRD, versus 57 (range, 19-72) yrs in those given grafts from MUD. 54 pts had good risk (4.5%), 564 standard-risk (47.5%), and 116 high-risk (9.8%) cytogenetics, while cytogenetic was unknown in 454 pts (38.2%). The impact of chronic GVHD on relapse risk, non-relapse mortality (NRM) and leukemia-free survival (LFS) was assessed by time-dependent multivariate Cox models and in a landmark analysis. Three-yr incidences of relapse, NRM and LFS were 35 ± 2%, 14 ± 2%, and 50 ± 2%, respectively, while 2-yr incidence of chronic GVHD was 49 ± 2%. In a landmark analysis at 18 months after allo-SCT, 5-year relapse rates were 10 ± 2% versus 19 ± 3% for patients with or without chronic GVHD (P=0.04), respectively. In multivariate Cox models, CR2 versus CR1 (P=.003), pt age > 55 yrs (P=.008), alemtuzumab use in the RIC (P=.048), TBI-based RIC (P=.006), high-risk cytogenetics (P=.001), and absence of chronic GVHD (P=.015) were each associated with higher risk of relapse. Factors associated with high NRM were MUD versus MRD (P=.003), grade II-IV acute GVHD (P<.001), and chronic GVHD (P=.002). Factors associated with lower LFS were CR2 versus CR1 (P=.003), pt age > 55 yrs (P=.007), alemtuzumab use in the RIC (P=.012), and high-risk cytogenetics (P=.003). In conclusion, in this cohort of AML patients transplanted in remission, chronic GVHD was associated with a lower risk of relapse while profound in-vivo T cell depletion with alemtuzumab was associated with higher relapse rate suggesting that GVL effects play a role in preventing AML relapse in patients given RIC allo-SCT. Therefore, closed surveillance of patients in this setting not presenting chronic GVHD such as decreasing of immunosuppression should be further investigated. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Reincke, Martin, Michael Peter, Wolfgang G. Sippell та Bruno Allolio. "Impairment of 11β-hydroxylase but not 21-hydroxylase in adrenal 'incidentalomas'". European Journal of Endocrinology 136, № 2 (лютий 1997): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1360196.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Recent reports have shown an exaggerated response of 17-hydroxyprogesterone in up to 70% of patients with incidentally detected adrenal adenomas ('incidentalomas'). This has been explained by pre-existing 21-hydroxylase deficiency which may be a pathogenetic factor in the development of adrenal tumours. However, other defects in steroidogenesis, such as mild 11β-hydroxylase deficiency, could also result in increased 17-hydroxyprogesterone secretion. We therefore studied the glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid pathways in patients with adrenal 'incidentalomas' by measuring multiple adrenal steroids before and after 1–24 ACTH stimulation. Twenty patients with adrenal 'incidentalomas' (14 females, 6 males) and 27 healthy controls (14 females, 13 males) were studied. All subjects underwent a 1–24 ACTH stimulation test (250 μg i.v.) with determination of progesterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, corticosterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, 11-deoxycortisol and cortisol at O and 60 min. All steroids were measured by RIA after extraction and HPLC. Patients with 'incidentalomas' had higher stimulated concentrations of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (21·6 ± 8·4 vs 4·2 ± 0·3 nmol/l; P ≤ 0·001), 11-deoxycortisol (8·1 ± 1·2 vs 3·6 ± 0·3 nmol/l; P ≤ 0·001), progesterone (8·28 ± 2·82 vs 1·08 ± 0·15 nmol/l; P ≤ 0·001), and 11-deoxycorticosterone (2·1 ± 0·39 vs 0·78 ± 0·12 nmol/l; P = 0·002) compared with controls. In contrast, cortisol and corticosterone concentrations were not different. There was evidence for impairment of 11β-hydroxylase activity by an increased 11-deoxycortisol/cortisol ratio (0·012 ± 0·003 vs 0·005 ± 0·001 in controls; P = 0·002) and 11-deoxycorticosterone/corticosterone ratio (0·04 ± 0·003 vs 0·015 ± 0·003; P = 0·003). The conclusions reached were that patients with adrenal 'incidentalomas' have increased responses of precursors of the mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid pathway including 17-hydroxyprogesterone after stimulation with ACTH. This seems to be caused by impairment of 11β-hydroxylase activity rather than by impaired 21-hydroxylase activity in these tumours. European Journal of Endocrinology 136 196–200
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Trabelsi, Khaled, Stephen R. Stannard, Ronald J. Maughan, Kamel Jammoussi, Khaled Zeghal, and Ahmed Hakim. "Effect of Resistance Training During Ramadan on Body Composition and Markers of Renal Function, Metabolism, Inflammation, and Immunity in Recreational Bodybuilders." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 22, no. 4 (August 2012): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.22.4.267.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a hypertrophic training program during Ramadan on body composition and selected metabolic markers in trained bodybuilders. Sixteen male recreational bodybuilders (9 Ramadan fasters and 7 nonfasters) participated in the study. All visited the laboratory 2 d before the start of Ramadan (Bef-R) and on the 29th day of Ramadan (End-R). In the morning of each session, subjects underwent anthropometric measurement, completed a dietary questionnaire, and provided fasting blood and urine samples. Body mass and body-mass index in nonfasters increased by 2.4% (p = .05 and p = .04, respectively) from Bef-R to End-R but remained unchanged in fasters over the period of the investigation. Fasters experienced an increase in the following parameters from Bef-R to End-R: urine specific gravity (1%, p = .022) and serum concentrations of urea (5%, p = .008), creatinine (5%, p = .007), uric acid (17%, p < .001), sodium (2%, p = .019), potassium (6%, p = .006), chloride (2%, p = .028), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (10%, p = .005). However, only serum creatinine and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in nonfasters (3%, p < .001 and 14%, p = .007, respectively) during the same period. Creatinine clearance values of fasters decreased by 3% (p = .03) from Bef-R to End-R. Continuance of hypertrophic training through Ramadan had no effect on body mass and body composition of bodybuilders, but a state of dehydration and reduced renal function were apparent, perhaps because of the restricted opportunity for fluid intake imposed by the study design.
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Wu, Dawei, Sarina K. Mueller, Angela L. Nocera, Kristen Finn, Towia A. Libermann, and Benjamin S. Bleier. "TREM-1 Neutrophil Activation Pathway Is Suppressed in Eosinophilic Nasal Polyps." American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 32, no. 5 (July 2, 2018): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1945892418782233.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by type 2 helper T-cell-skewed immune profiles, but the state of the neutrophil activation signaling pathway in CRSwNP is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine neutrophil activation pathways in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. Methods Institutional review board approved the study in which tissue proteomes were compared between control (inferior turbinate) and CRSwNP (nasal polyps) (n = 10/group) using an aptamer-based proteomic array and confirmed by whole transcriptomic analysis. Protein expression was analyzed using Student’s t test and Benjamini–Hochberg procedures followed by the application of Ingenuity Pathway, MetaCore, and Genemania bioinformatics analyses. Results All the patients with CRSwNP (n = 10) had eosinophilic nasal polyps. Compared with controls, proteins associated with the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) neutrophil activation signaling pathway such as Calcineurin B, zeta chain-associated protein kinase of 70 kD (ZAP70), 14-3-3 protein theta, 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta, protein kinase C delta type (PKC-D), Interleukin (IL)-17B, IL-17B receptor, IL-23, and IL-1B were significantly decreased in CRSwNP (fold change [FC] = −1.60, P = .003; FC = −1.85, P = .040; FC = −1.26, P < .001; FC = −1.05, P = .008; and FC = −1.31, P = .004; FC = −1.22, P < .001; FC = −1.09, P = .022; FC = −1.25, P < .001; and FC = −1.31, P = .014; respectively). In contrast, tissue eosinophil count ( P < .001) and eosinophil-associated proteins such as C-C motif chemokine 17, periostin, and galectin 10 were all significantly increased in CRSwNP (FC = 1.56, P = .009; FC = 3.95, P < .001; and FC = 2.44, P < .001; respectively). Furthermore, the FC of the studied proteins’ expression significantly and positively correlated with FC of their mRNA expression ( P = .001, r = .75). Conclusions TREM-1-associated neutrophilic signaling pathway proteins are significantly suppressed in eosinophilic CRSwNP.
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De Cocker, Katrien, Charlene Ottevaere, Michael Sjöström, Luis A. Moreno, Julia Wärnberg, Jara Valtueña, Yannis Manios, et al. "Self-reported physical activity in European adolescents: results from the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study." Public Health Nutrition 14, no. 2 (March 18, 2010): 246–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980010000558.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractObjectiveTo describe self-reported physical activity (PA) patterns in the various domains (school, home, transport, leisure time) and intensity categories (walking, moderate PA, vigorous PA) in European adolescents. Furthermore, self-reported PA patterns were evaluated in relation to gender, age category, weight status category and socio-economic status (SES).DesignCross-sectional study.SettingTen European cities.SubjectsIn total, 3051 adolescents (47·6 % boys, mean age 14·8 (sd1·2) years) completed an adolescent-adapted version of the validated International Physical Activity Questionnaire.ResultsThe total sample reported most PA during leisure time (485 min/week) and least PA at home (140 min/week). Boys reported significantly more school-based PA (P< 0·001), leisure-time PA (P= 0·003), vigorous PA (P< 0·001) and total PA (P= 0·002) than girls, while girls reported more home-based PA (P< 0·001) and walking (P= 0·002) than boys. Self-reported PA at school (P< 0·001), moderate PA (P< 0·001), vigorous PA (P< 0·001) and total PA (P< 0·001) were significantly higher in younger age groups than in older groups. Groups based on weight status differed significantly only in leisure-time PA (P= 0·004) and total PA (P= 0·003), while groups based on SES differed in all PA domains and intensities except transport-related PA and total PA.ConclusionsThe total sample of adolescents reported different scores for the different PA domains and intensity categories. Furthermore, patterns were different according the adolescents’ gender, age, weight status and SES.
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Tharwat, S., W. Elshawaf, and M. K. Nassar. "POS0784 AUDIOLOGIC EVALUATION IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS PATIENTS AND IMPACT OF HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE THERAPY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 645.2–645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3742.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background:Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a commonly used agent in the treatment of rheumatic diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). [1]Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate the hearing function in SLE patients and assess the impact of chronic HCQ.Methods:This study was carried out on 60 individuals (48 SLE and 12 healthy controls). The SLE patients were divided into HCQ group (n=36) and non-HCQ group (n=12) according to the chronic administration of HCQ. All participants were assessed by full audiological history and extended high frequency audiometry at frequencies 9, 10, 11, 2, 12.5, 14, 16,18 and 20 KHz.Results:When comparing the study SLE patients with healthy controls,there was a statistically significant difference regarding patient reported otological manifestations such as tinnitus (p=.021), vertigo (p=.002) and hearing impairment (p=.042) while there was no significant difference regarding deafness or ear buzzing in one or both ears. HCQ group showed more hearing impairment at frequency 9000 and 20000 Hz than non-HCQ group (p=.004, <.001 respectively).Conclusion:Otological symptoms and sensorineural hearing loss are prevalent among SLE patients. Chronic administration of HCQ may have an ototoxic effect.References:[1]Fiehn, C., et al. “Safety management in treatment with antimalarials in rheumatology. Interdisciplinary recommendations on the basis of a systematic literature review.” Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie (2020): 1-9.Figure 1.Otological manifestations in the study SLE patients (n=48) and the healthy controls (n=12)Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Jentzsch, Madlen, Luba Schuhmann, Marius Bill, Sabine Leiblein, Ulrike Bergmann, Martina Pless, Karoline Schubert, et al. "Unsupervised Cluster Analysis of Antigen Expression Patterns Identifies Subgroups with Distinct Biological and Clinical Features in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 2573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.2573.2573.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Characterisation of antigen expression patterns is part of the standard diagnostic work-up in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). But the biological & clinical implication of such antigen expression patterns have not been studied extensively & remain unclear in AML patients (pts) undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT). We analyzed the diagnostic antigen expression patterns of 162 AML pts (median age 64.7 years [y, range 46.6-76.2y]) with available data who received allogeneic peripheral blood SCT after non-myeloablative conditioning (NMA-SCT) between 2001 & 2013 at our institution. Conditioning regimen was fludarabine 3x30mg/m2 & 2Gy total body irradiation. Donors were human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched related (12%) or HLA matched (59%) or mismatched unrelated (29%). Mutation (mut) status of the NPM1, CEBPA, IDH1, IDH2 & DNMT3A gene, presence of FLT3 -ITD & FLT3-TKD & the expression status of BAALC, ERG, MN1, EVI1, miR-9 & miR-181a at diagnosis were accessed. Pts were grouped according to the European LeukemiaNet (ELN) genetic classification in 22% favorable (fav), 24% intermediate-I (int-I), 21% intermediate-II (int-II) & 32% adverse (adv). Median follow up was 3.2y. To assess antigen expression patterns at diagnosis for all pts, flow cytometric analysis utilizing a standard panel (CD2, CD7, CD11b, CD13, CD14, CD15, CD33, CD34, CD38, CD45, CD56, CD61, CD64, CD65, CD117 & Glycophorin A) of mononuclear cells in bone marrow (BM) was performed. Using R's gplot package we performed unsupervised hierarchical clustering of the antigen expression which revealed 4 subgroups with distinct antigen expression patterns (Figure 1). At diagnosis, pts grouped in cluster 1 (n=19) had higher white blood count (WBC, P=.004) & lower peripheral blood (PB) blast count (P =.03) & were more likely to have de novo AML (P =.05). They were also less likely to have trisomy 8 (P=.08) by trend & more likely to have normal karyotype (KT, P=.05), to have ELN fav risk (P =.04), to be NPM1 mut (P =.002) & to be DNMT3A mut by trend (P=.08) & had lower miR-181a (P=.04), lower BAALC (P<.001), lower ERG (P=.01) & lower MN1 expression (P<.001). Pts grouped in cluster 2 (n=35) had higher WBC (P<.001), PB blasts (P<.001) & BM blasts (P=.005) at diagnosis. They were less likely to have trisomy 8 (P=.008) & to have deletion (del) 7/7q (P =.07) by trend, were more likely to be NPM1 mut (P =.002) & to have FLT3 -ITD (P <.001) & had lower BAALC (P =.1) & lower EVI1 expression (P =.09) by trend. Pts grouped in cluster 3 (n=59) had lower WBC (P<.001), PB blasts (P<.001) & BM blasts (P<.001) at diagnosis & were less likely to have de novo AML (P<.001). They were more likely to have trisomy 8 (P=.05), del5/5q (P=.004), monosomal KT (P=.04), complex KT (P=.07) by trend & ELN adv risk (P=.04), were less likely to be NPM1 mut (P =.03) & FLT3 -ITD by trend (P=.08) & had lower ERG (P=.008) & higher miR-9 (P=.009) expression. Pts grouped in cluster 4 (n=49) had lower WBC (P=.03), higher PB blasts (P=.007) & BM blasts (P<.001) at diagnosis. They were less likely to have del5/5q (P=.008) & NPM1 mut (P <.001) & had lower miR-9 (P=.007) & higher BAALC (P<.001), ERG (P<.001) & MN1 (P<.001) expression. For the entire set of pts, belonging to one of the antigen expression clusters did not impact on outcome. However, when the ELN groups were regarded separately, within the ELN fav group, cluster 1 pts had a significantly shorter event free survival (EFS, P=.04, Figure 2A) & within the ELN int-I group, cluster 3 pts had a trend for better (P=.096) & cluster 4 pts for worse EFS (P=.087). In conclusion, the antigen expression patterns at diagnosis obtained by unsupervised cluster analysis associated with distinct biological & clinical features (Figure 2B): NPM1 mut were enriched in clusters 1 & 2. Cluster 1 was characterized by ELN fav risk, normal KT, de novo disease & lower BAALC, ERG, MN1 & miR-181a expression. Cluster 2 was characterized by a high incidence of FLT3-ITD. We found more pts with ELN adv risk, monosomal KT, secondary AML & low miR-9 expression in cluster 3 & higher miR-9 as well as lower BAALC, ERG & MN1 expression levels in cluster 4. Even though we did not observe a prognostic impact of the antigen expression patterns in the entire cohort, the patterns may help to refine the ELN risk classification for AML pts undergoing SCT. Assessing the diagnostic antigen expression patterns provides information on disease biology, clinical parameters and potentially disease aggressiveness in AML. Figure 1. Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 2. Disclosures Franke: BMS: Honoraria; MSD: Other: Travel Costs; Novartis: Other: Travel Costs. Niederwieser:Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau.
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Lyman, Gary H., Marek S. Poniewierski, Adane Fekadu Wogu, Eva Culakova, Nicole Maria Kuderer, Jeffrey Crawford, and David C. Dale. "Association of survival with chemotherapy intensity, myelosuppression, and supportive care in patients with advanced solid tumors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 6534. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.6534.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
6534 Background: The value of chemotherapy and supportive care for advanced cancer has been questioned. Two systematic reviews were conducted to study the impact of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression and supportive care on subsequent survival. Methods: Phase 1 identified trials evaluating the relationship of chemotherapy associated with myelosuppression and subsequent survival in patients with cancer. Phase 2 evaluated randomized controlled trials (RCTs) chemotherapy with or without G-CSF support for advanced cancer. Outcomes included hazard ratios (HR), relative risk (RR) and absolute risk (AR) ±95% CI. Results: In Phase 1, 11 of 25 identified studies were conducted in patients with advanced/metastatic disease with 10 in patients with solid tumors. Among the 7 studies in patients with solid tumors reporting survival outcomes, a consistent association between chemotherapy-associated myelosuppression and reduced mortality was observed (HR=0.69; 0.61-0.77; P<.0001). A significant interaction between myelosuppression and cancer type for mortality was observed (P=.046) with significant effects observed for all tumor types. In Phase 2, 22 of 61 RCTs identified were in patients with stage IV solid tumors. Mortality was reduced with chemotherapy with G-CSF support overall (RR=0.95; 0.92-0.98; P=.003) and in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (RR=0.90; P=.037; AR=-6.6%; P=.014), sarcomas (RR=0.73; P=.007; AR=-22.1%; P=.004) or urothelial cancers (RR=0.87; P=.019; AR=-11.4%; P=.016). Reductions in mortality were seen with dose dense chemotherapy (RR=0.88; P=.021; AR=-10.0%; P=.019) and when survival was the primary outcome (n=11;RR=0.92; P=.022; AR=-5.2%; P=.001) with a trend toward greater benefit with longer duration of follow-up (P=.071). Conclusions: Studies of patients with advanced solid tumors demonstrate favorable effects of chemotherapy effect on survival. Chemotherapy treatment resulting in myelosuppression is associated with reduced mortality. RCTs of patients with advanced/metastatic solid tumors confirm that greater chemotherapy dose intensity with G-CSF support is associated with greater reductions in mortality.
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Jagsi, Reshma, Kent A. Griffith, Frank Vicini, Thomas Boike, Jacob Burmeister, Michael M. Dominello, Inga Grills, et al. "Toward Improving Patients’ Experiences of Acute Toxicity From Breast Radiotherapy: Insights From the Analysis of Patient-Reported Outcomes in a Large Multicenter Cohort." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 34 (December 1, 2020): 4019–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.20.01703.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PURPOSE Understanding acute toxicities after whole-breast radiotherapy is important to inform patients, guide treatment decisions, and target supportive care. We evaluated patient-reported outcomes prospectively collected from a cohort of patients with breast cancer. METHODS We describe the maximal toxicity reported by 8,711 patients treated between 2012 and 2019 at 27 practices. Multivariable models identified characteristics associated with (1) breast pain, (2) bother from itching, stinging/burning, swelling, or hurting of the treated breast, and (3) fatigue within 7 days of completing whole-breast radiotherapy. RESULTS Moderate or severe breast pain was reported by 3,233 (37.1%): 1,282 (28.9%) of those receiving hypofractionation and 1,951 (45.7%) of those receiving conventional fractionation. Frequent bother from at least one breast symptom was reported by 4,424 (50.8%): 1,833 (41.3%) after hypofractionation and 2,591 (60.7%) after conventional fractionation. Severe fatigue was reported by 2,008 (23.1%): 843 (19.0%) after hypofractionation and 1,165 (27.3%) after conventional fractionation. Among patients receiving hypofractionated radiotherapy, younger age ( P < .001), higher body mass index (BMI; P < .001), Black ( P < .001) or other race ( P = .002), smoking status ( P < .001), larger breast volume ( P = .002), lack of chemotherapy receipt ( P = .004), receipt of boost treatment ( P < .001), and treatment at a nonteaching center predicted breast pain. Among patients receiving conventionally fractionated radiotherapy, younger age ( P < .001), higher BMI ( P = .003), Black ( P < .001) or other race ( P = .002), diabetes ( P = .001), smoking status ( P < .001), and larger breast volume ( P < .001) predicted breast pain. CONCLUSION In this large observational data set, substantial differences existed according to radiotherapy dose fractionation. Race-related differences in pain existed despite controlling for multiple other factors; additional research is needed to understand what drives these differences to target potentially modifiable factors. Intensifying supportive care may be appropriate for subgroups identified as being vulnerable to greater toxicity.
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Uddin, MB, S. Yasmin, M. Sanaul Haque, A. Hossain, and KI Jahan. "Identification of Maternal Risk Factor with Preterm LBW Babies in a Tertiary Care Hospital." TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association 24, no. 2 (November 28, 2018): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/taj.v24i2.37511.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study was aimed to identify risk factors of preterm LBW babies by following a cross sectional type of comparative study. This study was conducted at inpatient department of paediatrics of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from January 2009 to December 2010. A total 150 preterm babies were included in this study. The mothers of the babies were studied to identify some selected risk factors. Maternal poor nutritional status (p<.001), low age at conception (p<.003), poor antenatal care (p<.001) and low level of education (p<.002) were found significant socio-economic risk factors. Maternal health related conditions like Antepartum haemorrhage (p<.001), Premature rupture of the membrane (p<.001), toxemia of pregnancy (p<.005), anaemia (p<.002) all were found as the significant contributors of preterm birth. This study might help to reduce the incidence of mortality and morbidity of preterm infants by providing information regarding risk factors.TAJ 2011; 24(2): 95-100
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Kanevskiy, L. M., M. V. Grechikhina, E. G. Kuzmina, T. Yu Mushkarina, A. A. Spelkov, M. A. Streltsova, and E. I. Kovalenko. "DISTRIBUTION OF MICA ALLELES IN THE RUSSIAN POPULATION." Medical Immunology (Russia) 21, no. 5 (December 13, 2019): 959–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-2019-5-959-964.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Stress factors, infections, tumor transformation of the cells of organism induce the expression of MICA protein, which is a ligand for the NKG2D receptor of NK and T cells. The interaction of the NKG2D receptor on the surface of the cells of the immune system with MICA results in activation of lymphocytes and elimination of the ligand carrier. The MICA gene has a high level of polymorphism. To date, 87 alleles have been described; their products differ in ability to activate cytotoxic lymphocytes, that can affect the progression of a number of diseases, such as cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases. The distribution of MICA alleles in different ethnic groups varies considerably. The analysis of MICA polymorphism in a current ethnos is necessary for revealing the relationships between certain MICA alleles and different diseases. Goal. This work is aimed at studying of the distribution of MICA alleles in Russian population. Materials and methods. Polymorphism of MICA was analyzed according to the procedure proposed by Yizhou Zoe and Peter Stastny. The procedure included: 1) isolation of genomic DNA from whole blood; 2) PCR for amplification of a fragment of the MICA gene; 3) sequencing of the resulting PCR fragments. Analysis of the results of sequencing was carried out using the programs Vector NTI and Chromas Lite. Results. The genotype of the MICA alleles of 119 donors has been determined. Of the 87 MICA alleles described in the literature, 15 were found among the samples studied. The frequencies of MICA alleles were the following: *002 – 19.3%, *004 – 6.7%, *007 – 3.0%, *008 – 35.7%, *009 – 10.1%, *010 – 5.0%, *011 – 3.8%, *012 – 2.1%, *016 – 2.5%, *017 – 3.4% *018 – 5.5%, *019 – 0.4%, *027 – 1.3%, *053 – 0.8%, *068 – 0.4%. The distribution of MICA alleles in Russia was found to be similar to that of European countries. When comparing literary data for different countries of the world, it was found that the differences in the distribution of MICA alleles are expressed mainly between races, and not nations. Conclusions. In this paper, the distribution of MICA alleles in Russian population has been analyzed. It turned out to be very similar to those of other European countries and has a number of significant differences from the ethnoses of the Mongoloid race (Japan, China, Korea). The analysis of the distribution of MICA alleles in the Russian population may be useful for identifying the predisposition of individuals to certain diseases.
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Molassiotis, Alex, Dau Van Vu, and Shirley Siu Yin Ching. "The Effectiveness of Qigong in Managing a Cluster of Symptoms (Breathlessness-Fatigue-Anxiety) in Patients with Lung Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Integrative Cancer Therapies 20 (January 2021): 153473542110082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15347354211008253.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background and Purpose: Qigong is used by cancer patients, but its effect is not adequately evaluated to date. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Qigong for the management of a symptom cluster comprising fatigue, dyspnea, and anxiety in patients with lung cancer. Methodology: A total of 156 lung cancer patients participated in this trial, and they were randomized to a Qigong group (6 weeks of intervention) or a waitlist control group receiving usual care. The symptom cluster was assessed at baseline, at the end of treatment (primary outcome), and at 12 weeks, alongside measures of cough and quality of life (QOL). Results: There was no significant interaction effect between group and time for the symptom cluster overall and for fatigue and anxiety. However, a significant trend towards improvement was observed on fatigue ( P = .004), dyspnea ( P = .002), and anxiety ( P = .049) in the Qigong group from baseline assessment to the end of intervention at the 6th week (within-group changes). Improvements in dyspnea and in the secondary outcomes of cough, global health status, functional well-being and QOL symptom scales were statistically significant between the 2 groups ( P = .001, .014, .021, .001, and .002, respectively). Conclusion: Qigong did not alleviate the symptom cluster experience. Nevertheless, this intervention was effective in reducing dyspnea and cough, and improving QOL. More than 6 weeks were needed, however, for detecting the effect of Qigong on improving dyspnea. Furthermore, men benefited more than women. It may not be beneficial to use Qigong to manage the symptom cluster consisting of fatigue, dyspnea, and anxiety, but it may be effective in managing respiratory symptoms (secondary outcomes needing further verification in future research). Future studies targeting symptom clusters should ensure the appropriateness of the combination of symptoms. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02977845. Registered November 30, 2016. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02977845?term=Qigong&cond=Lung+Cancer&draw=2&rank=1
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Barone, Katelyn, Cynthia Fundora-Trujillo, Maria Cruz, Davd L. Penn, Amy E. Pinkham, and Phillip D. Harvey. "S220. DIFFERENTIATING EMPLOYMENT TRAJECTORIES IN SCHIZOPHRENIA: FEATURES OF CURRENT, FORMERLY, AND NEVER EMPLOYED PATIENTS." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S122—S123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa031.286.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background The interplay between neurocognition, social cognition, and employment outcomes among the schizophrenic population has been extensively investigated, but there are disparities between the impairments that predict these outcomes. In this study, we aim to provide further insight by discriminating between factors that influence getting a job and sustaining employment. We hypothesized that neurocognitive factors would predict which individuals experienced challenges in ever getting a job, while interpersonal deficits, disruptive behavior, or psychosis would characterize individuals who were able to obtain a job but unable to keep it. Methods Patients (n=396) were between 18 and 70 years old and received a diagnosis of Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder or Schizophreniform Disorder. Performance-based assessments were conducted to measure neurocognition, social cognition and psychosis; and, clinical ratings provided information on psychosis, negative symptoms and disruptive behavior. Patients were divided into three clusters defined as: individuals who had never been employed (n=196), individuals who formerly had a job for at least 2 years but have been unemployed for at least 2 years (n=149), and individuals with current employment for at least 2 years (n=51). Results Patients who never had a job manifested the following characteristics compared to those who currently had a job: significantly fewer years of patient education (Self, p=.006), mother’s education (Mother, p=.028), and lower verbal working memory (LNS, p<.01). They also displayed significantly more PANSS social avoidance (p=.023), disturbance of volition (p=.037), and anxiety (p=.004). Compared to those who formerly had a job, these same patients manifested the following: significantly more total negative symptoms (p=.039), more severe poor rapport (p=.041) and more blunted affect (p=.002). Formerly employed patients reported significantly more depression (BDI, p=.01) and hostile cognitive bias (BLAME, p=.008), as well as worse emotional processing on the BLERT (p=.005) and ER-40 (p=.028) compared to the never employed group. Lastly, patients who formerly had a job manifested the following compared to those who currently had a job: less patient education (Self, p=.011), mother’s education (Mother, p=.015), premorbid intelligence (WRAT-3 Standard Score, p=.038), working memory (LNS, p<.01), and blunted affect (PANSS, p=.018). On the PANSS, they had more grandiosity (p=.031), suspiciousness (p=.008), anxiety (p=.001), active social avoidance (p=.003), and depression (p=.016). BDI total score, for depression, was also elevated [t(114)=3.58, p=001)]. Discussion Individuals who never had a job have evidence of less education and poorer working memory as well as negative and mood symptoms, when compared to those who were ever employed. Those who obtained a job but developed long-term unemployment had evidence of 1) social cognitive impairments, including hostile bias and emotion processing deficits, when compared to the never employed patients and 2) lower education, working memory, and PANSS ratings for negative symptoms, suspiciousness and grandiosity, when compared to the currently employed patients. Thus, the formerly employed patients manifested a constellation of symptoms that would seem to interfere with sustaining employment. Later research will be required to determine the time course of development that these predictors of unemployment have on patients who were previously able to work.
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Paisan, Gabriella M., Dale Ding, Robert M. Starke, R. Webster Crowley, and Kenneth C. Liu. "Shunt-Dependent Hydrocephalus After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Predictors and Long-Term Functional Outcomes." Neurosurgery 83, no. 3 (July 31, 2017): 393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyx393.
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Abstract BACKGROUND Although chronic hydrocephalus requiring shunt placement is a known sequela of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), its effect on long-term functional outcomes is incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE To identify predictors of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus and shunt complications after aSAH and determine the effect of shunt dependence on functional outcomes in aSAH patients. METHODS We evaluated a database of patients treated for aSAH at a single center from 2000 to 2015. Favorable and unfavorable outcomes were defined as modified Rankin Scale grades 0 to 2 and 3 to 6, respectively. We performed statistical analyses to identify variables associated with shunt-dependent hydrocephalus, unfavorable outcome, and shunt complication. RESULTS Of the 888 aSAH patients, 116 had shunt-dependent hydrocephalus (13%). Older age (P = .001), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (P = .004), higher World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) grade (P < .001), surgical aneurysm treatment (P = .002), and angiographic vasospasm (P = .005) were independent predictors of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus in multivariable analysis. Functional outcome was evaluable in 527 aSAH patients (mean follow-up 18.6 mo), with an unfavorable outcome rate of 17%. Shunt placement (P < .001), shunt infection (P = .041), older age (P < .001), and higher WFNS grade (P = .043) were independently associated with an unfavorable outcome in multivariable analysis. Of the shunt-dependent patients, 18% had a shunt-related complication. Higher WFNS grade (P = .011), posterior circulation aneurysm (P = .018), and angiographic vasospasm (P = .008) were independent predictors of shunt complications in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSION aSAH patients with shunt-dependent hydrocephalus have significantly poorer long-term functional outcomes. Patients with risk factors for post-aSAH shunt dependence may benefit from increased surveillance, although the effect of such measures is not defined in this study.
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César, Eurico P., Cleito S. R. Júnior, and Raphael N. Francisco. "Effects of 2 Intersection Strategies for Physical Recovery in Jiu-Jitsu Athletes." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 16, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 585–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0701.
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Purpose: To compare the effect of static stretching (SS) and cold-water immersion (CWI) on strength performance and blood lactate levels of jiu-jitsu athletes. Methods: A total of 21 male Brazilian jiu-jitsu fighters were randomly assigned to SS (9 × 30-s carpal extension), CWI (3 × 3 min at 10°C), or a control group (CG); their maximal handgrip strength, handgrip muscle endurance, dynamic kimono grip strength test, and blood lactate concentration were assessed before and after a simulated Brazilian jiu-jitsu fight and after one of the recovery interventions. Results: There was an interaction (F = 9.075; P = .002) and a time effect (F = 11.792; P = .003) for dynamic kimono grip strength test, showing a decrease in performance for the CG (P = .0001; effect size [ES] = 0.52, moderate) and after SS (P = .006; ES = 0.43, small). There was an interaction (F = 3.592; P = .015) and a time effect (F = 122.631; P = .0001) for blood lactate concentration, showing lower levels after CWI versus CG (P = .028; ES = 0.93, moderate) and after CWI versus SS (P = .042; ES = 0.82, moderate). There was an interaction (F = 9.617; P = .001) for handgrip strength, showing an impairment in performance after SS (P = .001; ES = 0.67, moderate). Conclusion: CWI promoted restoration of muscle strength and endurance and reduction in blood lactate levels after the simulated fight and can thus be used by jiu-jitsu athletes as a recovery strategy between fights.
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Wright, J. L., C. Takita, J. E. Panoff, I. M. Reis, W. Zhao, V. Sujoy, C. G. Fernandez, M. Jorda, D. Franceschi, and J. Hurley. "The effect of molecular subtype on survival in a racially diverse cohort of patients with high-risk breast cancer receiving trimodality therapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, no. 27_suppl (September 20, 2011): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.27_suppl.156.
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156 Background: To understand the origins of racial disparities in breast cancer outcomes, the relative importance of race must be examined in the context of molecular subtype. We assessed racial differences in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in relation to subtype in a cohort of uniformly treated stage II-III breast cancer patients. Methods: We reviewed records of 582 consecutive patients receiving post-mastectomy radiation (PMRT) between 1/1999 and 12/2009 and evaluated the effect of demographic, tumor, and treatment characteristics on PFS and OS. Results: Median follow-up 44.7 months. Patients: 24% black, 76% white, 55% pre/peri-menopausal. Disease: stage II 30%, stage III 70%. Treatment: all had mastectomy and PMRT; 98% had chemotherapy. All ER+ patients received endocrine therapy. Black and non-black patients were similar in age, menopause status, stage, and completion of trimodality therapy. Black patients were more likely to be ER- (56% vs 38%, p=0.0001), PR- (69% vs 54%, p=0.002), and triple negative (TN) (46% vs 24%, p<.0001). Among ER+, there were no differences in menopause or PR status by race. Black patients had worse PFS (60.6% vs 78.3%, p=.001) and OS (72.8% vs 87.7%, p<.0001). There was no racial difference in PFS (p=0.229 and 0.273 respectively) or OS (p=0.113 and 0.097 respectively) among ER- or TN. Among ER+, black patients had worse PFS (55% vs 81%, p<.001) and OS (73% vs 91%, p<.0001). The difference in PFS was seen in the ER+/PR+/HER2- (“luminal A”) subgroup (p=.002) but not ER+/PR-/HER2- (“luminal B”) (p=0.129), and in the post-menopausal ER+/HER2- subgroup (p=.004) but not pre/perimenopausal ER+/HER2- (p=.150). On multivariate analysis, racial differences in PFS (p=.055) and OS (p=.052) were maintained in the luminal A postmenopausal subgroup. Conclusions: In a cohort of breast cancer patients black women had worse survival. This disparity was driven by (1) a higher proportion of ER- and TN tumors in the black women and (2) worse outcome of similarly treated post-menopausal black women with luminal A breast cancer. The efficacy of various types of endocrine therapy must be examined in the setting of racial diversity.
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Vidal Andreato, Leonardo, and João Victor Del Conti Esteves. "Physical performance, time-motion, technical-tactical analyses, and perceptual responses in Brazilian jiu-jitsu matches of varied duration." Kinesiology 49, no. 1 (2017): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26582/k.49.1.11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aimed to analyze performance, time structure, technical actions, and perceptual responses of Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes during matches of varied duration. For this, 10 athletes were analyzed in matches of varied duration (2-min, 5-min, 8-min and 10-min). Physical tests (reaction time, maximal isometric handgrip strength, grip strength endurance, vertical jump and sit-and-reach) and perceptive scales (exertion and recovery) were applied before and immediately after a combat. The matches were recorded for technicaltactical analysis and to determine their time structure. The main results showed that alterations were observed for the grip strength with kimono (p=.001), whereas a decrease was observed in the suspension time in the 8-min (p=.017) and 10-min (p=.002) combats compared to pre-match mean values. The rating of perceived exertion was influenced by time (p<.001), with higher values reported after combats of 8-min and 10-min duration compared to 2-min combat (p=.008 and p=.001; respectively). The effort:pause ratio did not differ between the times of combats (p=.472), but the pause time differed according to match duration (p=.004), with higher values observed in the 10-min combats than in the 2-min combats (p=.002). Thus, it was concluded that combats of longer duration resulted in higher perceived exertion, higher pause time and lower strength endurance.
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Bender, Catherine M., John Merriman, Amanda Gentry, Gretchen M. Ahrendt, Adam Brufsky, and Susan M. Sereika. "Predictors of trajectories of cognitive change in women with breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2016): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.3_suppl.149.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
149 Background: Subgroups of women with breast cancer may be vulnerable to cognitive changes with systemic therapy. Given our previous findings of changes in concentration and working memory (WM), we sought to identify subgroups of women with distinct trajectories of concentration and WM and determine predictors of subgroup membership. Methods: Cognitive function was assessed before systemic therapy and semi-annually to 18 months post-therapy initiation in 181 postmenopausal women with breast cancer who received the AI, anastrozole, or chemotherapy+anastrozole and at matched time points for 110 healthy controls. Group-based trajectory modeling identified subgroups of women with distinct trajectories of concentration and WM (as measured by composites of mean z-scores for neuropsychological tests). Multinomial logistic regression identified predictors of subgroup membership. Results: A 3-group model was found for concentration: low and constant (25%; b0 = -0.84), normal but declining (65%; b0 = 0.05, b1 = -0.04), and high and constant (10%; b0 = 1.29). At baseline, the low subgroup was older (p = .009) and had lower psychomotor speed (p = .035) than the normal subgroup. Controlling for baseline concentration z-scores, membership in the low concentration subgroup was associated with greater age (p < .001), more fatigue (p < .001), and poorer self-reported cognitive function (p = .001). For WM, a 2-group model was identified: low and increasing (35%; b0 = -0.67, b1 = 0.11) and high and increasing (65%; b0 = 0.32, b1 = 0.07). At baseline, the low WM subgroup was older (p = .008), had less education (p < .001), and scored lower on the NART verbal IQ test (p < .001). Controlling for baseline WM z-scores, membership in the low WM subgroup was associated with poorer executive function (p < .001), receipt of anastrozole alone (p = .011), and worse pain (p = .002) and anxiety (p = .008). Conclusions: Subgroups of women are more vulnerable to poorer concentration and WM during adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. Advancing age, less education, and co-occurring symptoms are associated with membership in these vulnerable subgroups.
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Zakaria, Hesham Mostafa, Tarek R. Mansour, Edvin Telemi, Karam Asmaro, Michael Bazydlo, Lonni Schultz, David R. Nerenz, et al. "The Association of Preoperative Opioid Usage With Patient-Reported Outcomes, Adverse Events, and Return to Work After Lumbar Fusion: Analysis From the Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative (MSSIC)." Neurosurgery 87, no. 1 (October 9, 2019): 142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyz423.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract BACKGROUND It is important to delineate the relationship between opioid use and spine surgery outcomes. OBJECTIVE To determine the association between preoperative opioid usage and postoperative adverse events, patient satisfaction, return to work, and improvement in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) in patients undergoing lumbar fusion procedures by using 2-yr data from a prospective spine registry. METHODS Preoperative opioid chronicity from 8693 lumbar fusion patients was defined as opioid-naïve (no usage), new users (<6 wk), short-term users (6 wk-3 mo), intermediate-term users (3-6 mo), and chronic users (>6 mo). Multivariate generalized estimating equation models were constructed. RESULTS All comparisons were to opioid-naïve patients. Chronic opioid users showed less satisfaction with their procedure at 90 d (Relative Risk (RR) 0.95, P = .001), 1 yr (RR 0.89, P = .001), and 2 yr (RR 0.89, P = .005). New opioid users were more likely to show improvement in ODI at 90 d (RR 1.25, P < .001), 1 yr (RR 1.17, P < .001), and 2 yr (RR 1.19, P = .002). Short-term opioid users were more likely to show ODI improvement at 90 d (RR 1.25, P < .001). Chronic opioid users were less likely to show ODI improvement at 90 d (RR 0.90, P = .004), 1 yr (RR 0.85, P < .001), and 2 yr (RR 0.80, P = .003). Chronic opioid users were less likely to return to work at 90 d (RR 0.80, P < .001). CONCLUSION In lumbar fusion patients and when compared to opioid-naïve patients, new opioid users were more likely and chronic opioid users less likely to have improved ODI scores 2 yr after surgery. Chronic opioid users are less likely to be satisfied with their procedure 2 yr after surgery and less likely to return to work at 90 d. Preoperative opioid counseling is advised.
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Tomita, Machiko, and Sutanuka Bhattacharjya. "Effects of Participating in a Volunteer Driving Program on Mental Health in Service Recipients and Volunteers." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3130.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Objectives: To assess the effects of a volunteer transportation program on mental health in riders and volunteers. Methods: A cross-sectional study (N=133, age ≥60) compared pre- and existing (≥2 years) riders, pre- and existing (≥2 years) volunteer drivers, and riders (Rs) and pre-volunteers (PreVs), representing general older adults. The cohorts belonged to a large, community volunteer organization. Outcome measures, depression and quality of life, were analyzed using ANCOVA. Percentages of people who wanted to go to specific destinations with available transportation were identified for pre-riders (PreRs) and Rs. Results: Rs had better depression scores (p<.001), no longer exhibited depressive symptoms (p=.005), and were better in quality of life (p=.002) than PreRs. Rs were similar to PreVs. PreRs’ major needs were going to medically related places (doctors’ offices – 74.4%, drug stores - 44.2%, hospitals – 37.2%) and basic living (grocery – 60.5%, clothing -37.2%). In Rs, these had significantly lowered, but still 40% wanted to go to doctors’ offices and 30%, grocery stores. Volunteer driver's (Vs)' depression (p=.009), health (p=.006), and social relationships (p=.004) were significantly better than PreVs'. Discussion: Although the use of free transportation up to four times a month may not be enough to improve perceived health for Rs, it was beneficial to prevent depression and increase quality of life. Since many PreVs were doing volunteer work other than driving, the type of volunteer work matters. Regularly helping people, in person, with their core needs for living resulted in positive outcomes for Vs.
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Kaur, Harsimrat, Naveen Bansal, and Reji Abraham. "A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of verbal behavior modification and acetaminophen on orthodontic pain." Angle Orthodontist 89, no. 4 (February 12, 2019): 617–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/080518-570.1.
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ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of verbal behavior modification, acetaminophen, and the combined effectiveness of verbal behavior modification along with acetaminophen on orthodontic pain. Materials and Methods: One hundred and forty orthodontic fixed appliance patients were randomly assigned to four groups. Group A was administered acetaminophen, group B was given verbal behavior modification, group C was administered acetaminophen as well as verbal behavior modification, and group D was placebo-controlled. A visual analog scale was used to assess pain intensity after 1 week of separator placement. Results: Group A had less mean pain intensity when compared to group B at 6 hours (P < .001) and at 1 (P < .001) and 2 (P = .002) days. Group C patients encountered less mean pain intensity when compared to group B patients at 6 hours (P < .001) and at 1 (P < .001), 2 (P < .001), and 4 (P = .001) days. There was a statistically significant difference between groups A and C (group C experienced less pain intensity) after 6 hours (P = .004) and at day 4 (P = .009) after separator placement. Conclusions: Acetaminophen is the main agent of orthodontic pain reduction after separator placement, with verbal behavior serving as an adjunct to it.
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Barua, H., M. H. Rahman, M. M. Alam Patwary, M. Zahirul Alam, and S. Nahar. "Variations in Growth and Yield of Indigenous Hyacinth Bean (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) Genotypes." Agriculturists 12, no. 2 (January 25, 2015): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i2.21724.
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Variations in growth and yield of three hyacinth bean genotypes collected from Sitakundu of Chittagong, were investigated at the Agricultural Research Station (ARS) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Pahartali, Chittagong during November 2011 to March 2012, where BARI Seem-4 was used as standard control. The minimum number of days for pod formation (54 days) was recorded in BARI Seem-4, while the maximum was in DLP 002 (62 days). The highest number of pods (324) per plant was obtained from DLP 001 followed by DLP 003 (212.33) and the lowest (148.33) was obtained from BARI Seem-4. The maximum weight (12.61 g) of single pod was observed in DLP 003, which is close to that of DLP 002 (12.23 g). The minimum weight of single pod (7.08g) was however observed in DLP 001. Weight of 100-green seed (117.17 g) was maximum in DLP 002, while that of DLP 001 was the minimum (85.90 g).The maximum green seed (61.86 %) was found in DLP 003 and the minimum was in DLP 001 (47.89 %). DLP 003 produced the highest pod yield (26.77 t/ha) which was followed by DLP 001 (22.94 t/ha), while BARI Seem-4 produced the lowest (17.43 t/ha), which is close to that of DLP 002 (19.57 t/ha).The Agriculturists 2014; 12(2) 01-05
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Marijnen, Corrie A. M., Cornelis J. H. van de Velde, Hein Putter, Mandy van den Brink, Cornelis P. Maas, Hendrik Martijn, Harm J. Rutten, et al. "Impact of Short-Term Preoperative Radiotherapy on Health-Related Quality of Life and Sexual Functioning in Primary Rectal Cancer: Report of a Multicenter Randomized Trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 23, no. 9 (March 20, 2005): 1847–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2005.05.256.
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Background Few prospective studies have been performed about the impact of preoperative radiotherapy (PRT) or total mesorectal excision (TME) on health-related quality of life (HRQL) and sexual functioning in patients with resectable rectal cancer. This report describes the HRQL and sexual functioning of 990 patients who underwent TME and were randomly assigned to short-term PRT (5 × 5 Gy). Patients and Methods The Rotterdam Symptom Check List supplemented with additional items was used with questionnaires before treatment and at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after surgery. Patients without a recurrence the first 2 years were analyzed (n = 990). Results Few differences were found in HRQL between patients treated with or without PRT. Daily activities were significantly less for PRT patients 3 months postoperatively. Irradiated patients recovered slower from defecation problems than TME-only patients (P = .006). PRT had a negative effect on sexual functioning in males (P = .004) and females (P < .001). Irradiated males had more ejaculation disorders (P = .002), and erectile functioning deteriorated over time (P < .001). PRT had similar effects in patients who underwent a low anterior resection (LAR) versus an abdominoperineal resection (APR). Patients with an APR scored better on the physical (P = .004) and psychologic dimension (P = .007) than LAR patients, but worse on voiding (P = .0007). Conclusion Short-term PRT leads to more sexual dysfunction, slower recovery of bowel function, and impaired daily activity postoperatively. However, this does not seriously affect HRQL. The comparison between LAR and APR patients demonstrates that the existence of a permanent stoma is not the only determinant of HRQL.
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Li, Weiming, Yingxue Li, Zhiyong Zhang, Kun Xia, Xiaoming Shang, Xinchun Yang, Lefeng Wang, and Qi Zhang. "Predictive Nomogram of RAGE Genetic Polymorphisms and Metabolic Risk Factors for Myocardial Infarction Risk in a Han Chinese Population." Angiology 68, no. 10 (March 10, 2017): 877–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003319717696622.
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We investigated the association of 4 well-characterized polymorphisms in receptor for the advanced glycation end-product ( RAGE) gene with myocardial infarction (MI) risk and the changes in metabolic risk factors among 717/612 patients/controls, with the aim of constructing a predictive nomogram. The genotype/allele distributions differed significantly between the 2 groups for T-429C ( Pgenotype/allele = .004/.001) and G1704T ( P < .001/.001). T-429C was significantly associated with MI risk, especially under a recessive model (adjusted odds ratio: 2.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.33-3.79, P = .003). For G1704T, significance was detected under additive (1.37; 1.12-1.67; P = .002) and recessive (3.86; 2.27-6.57; P < .001) models. There were significant differences in blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) across T-429C genotypes and in total cholesterol and LDL-C across G1704T genotypes. The overall best multifactor dimensionality reduction model included dyslipidemia, G1704T, and T-429C. Further predictive nomogram on 2 significant polymorphisms, blood pressure and lipids, showed a better predictive capability (concordance index = 0.716, P < .001). Altogether, we identified 2 polymorphisms of RAGE, T-429C and G1704T, which interacted with metabolic risk factors associated with the occurrence of MI. We also constructed a genetic–metabolic nomogram that can better predict MI risk.
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Untch, Michael, Gunter von Minckwitz, Bernd Gerber, Christian Schem, Mahdi Rezai, Peter A. Fasching, Hans Tesch, et al. "Survival Analysis After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With Trastuzumab or Lapatinib in Patients With Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Breast Cancer in the GeparQuinto (G5) Study (GBG 44)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 13 (May 1, 2018): 1308–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.75.9175.
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Purpose The GeparQuinto phase III trial demonstrated a lower pathologic complete response (pCR; pT0 ypN0) rate when lapatinib was added to standard anthracycline–taxane chemotherapy compared with trastuzumab in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) –positive breast cancer. Here, we report the long-term outcomes. Methods Patients with HER2-positive tumors (n = 615) received neoadjuvant treatment with epirubicin (E) plus cyclophosphamide (C), followed by docetaxel (T) in combination with either lapatinib (L) or trastuzumab (H; ECH-TH arm: n = 307; ECL-TL arm: n = 308). All patients received adjuvant trastuzumab for a total of 12 months and 18 months in the ECH-TH and ECL-TL arms, respectively. Median follow-up was 55 months. Results Three-year disease-free survival (DFS), distant DFS (DDFS), and overall survival (OS) were not significantly different between the two treatment arms. Long-term outcomes correlated with pCR (DFS: hazard ratio [HR], 0.63; P = .042; DDFS: HR, 0.55; P = .021; and OS: HR, 0.31; P = .004). A benefit only for OS was observed in patients who were treated with trastuzumab and achieved pCR versus no pCR (HR, 0.15; P = .010), whereas no difference was found in patients with pCR versus without pCR in the lapatinib arm. DFS and DDFS remained unchanged in both treatment arms according to hormone receptor status, whereas OS was significantly better in hormone receptor–positive patients who were treated with neoadjuvant lapatinib (HR, 0.32; P = .019), followed by adjuvant trastuzumab. No difference was observed in hormone receptor–negative patients; however, the small number of events limits this interpretation. Within the hormone receptor–negative cohort, pCR was significantly associated with DFS, DDFS, and OS ( P = .002, .005, and .002, respectively). Conclusion pCR correlated with long-term outcome. In patients with hormone receptor–positive tumors, prolonged anti-HER2 treatment—neoadjuvant lapatinib for 6 months, followed by adjuvant trastuzumab for 12 months—significantly improved survival compared with anti-HER2 treatment with trastuzumab alone.
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Chang, Chen-Kang, and Jean T. Snook. "The cholesterolaemic effects of dietary fats in cholesteryl ester transfer protein transgenic mice." British Journal of Nutrition 85, no. 6 (June 2001): 643–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn2001320.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In order to investigate the role of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) in the cholesterolaemic response to dietary fats, we analysed plasma lipid profiles of CETP-transgenic and control C57BL/6 mice fed standard chow (AIN-93G; AIN), a low-fat diet, and diets high in butter (saturated fatty acids; SFA), high-oleic acid safflower oil (monounsaturated fatty acids; MUFA), and safflower oil (polyunsaturated fatty acids; PUFA) for 5 weeks. Each group contained four or five mice. There were significant diet and diet×genotype effects on plasma total cholesterol (TC; P = 0·035 and P = 0·008 respectively), liver TC (P < 0·001 and P = 0·002 respectively), and esterified cholesterol (EC; P = 0·002 and P = 0·001 respectively); diet effects on plasma triacylglycerol (P = 0·007), liver free cholesterol (P < 0·001), and body weight (P = 0·027); a genotype effect on body-weight gain (P = 0·014); and a diet×genotype effect on energy intake (P = 0·006). In transgenic mice the SFA diet caused significantly higher plasma TC than the PUFA diet (P < 0·05). In control mice MUFA and PUFA diets, but not the SFA diet, caused significantly higher plasma TC than the low-fat and AIN diets (P < 0·05). Transgenic mice fed PUFA had lower plasma TC (P = 0·040), while transgenic mice fed MUFA had lower LDL+VLDL-cholesterol (P = 0·013) than controls in the same dietary groups. Transgenic mice fed MUFA and PUFA diets also had significantly higher liver TC (P = 0·020 and P = 0·002 respectively) and EC (P = 0·040 and P = 0·036 respectively) than controls fed the same diets. In the present study we showed that: (1) CETP transgenic mice had a cholesterolaemic response to dietary fats similar to that in human subjects; (2) CETP transgenic mice fed PUFA showed significantly lower plasma TC, while those fed MUFA had lower LDL+VLDL-cholesterol than controls; (3) hepatic accumulation of cholesterol, possibly resulting from the combination of the enhanced cholesteryl ester transfer to apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins and increased hepatic uptake of cholesterol, may contribute to the cholesterol-lowering effect of MUFA and PUFA in CETP-transgenic mice; (4) CETP may play a role in appetite and/or energy regulation.