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陳飛帆, 陳飛帆. "淺談後勤教育體系與人員訓練發展". 陸軍後勤季刊 111, № 3 (серпень 2022): 002–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/230674382022081113001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>《孫子兵法》形篇第四:「善戰者,先立於不敗之地,而不失敵之敗也。是故勝兵先勝,而後求戰;敗兵先戰,而後求勝。」孫子認為作戰的關鍵核心在於「先勝而後戰」,換言之,打勝仗的部隊,必須在戰前就已具備各項戰勝的條件,才能舉兵作戰。時至今日亦同,平時即持恆勤訓精練,戮力戰訓任務,讓我國軍官兵充分具備執行任務的先決條件,在面對現階段瞬息萬變的兩岸情勢,能有效投入高科技、全方位作戰形態,因此紮實的軍事專業職能教育與訓練,將是我軍戰力發揮的基石。訓練發展與教育體系更是國防組織人力資源管理重要且關鍵的職能,希望藉由與時俱進的訓練,進一步打造能戰、善戰之勁旅。</p> <p> </p>
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陳飛帆, 陳飛帆. "點燃國防軍事革新的種子─創新科技與思維之運用". 陸軍後勤季刊 112, № 1 (лютий 2023): 002–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/230674382023021121001.
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<p>共軍這幾年從不放棄以海面、空域襲擾我國臺海安寧，可以預期未來的軍事力量競爭會是嶄新的技術應用程序，尤其是在化學、生物、放射和核能等日新月異的環境下。而無人機系統與微電子技術相結合的廣泛使用，可實現全天候目標識別、精確交戰和快速集結的遠程火力，改變了戰場的殺傷力。鑑古知今，在未來的衝突中，後勤將同樣重要，甚至更加重要，建立國防自主研發能量、提升各型武器裝備妥善並汲取後勤戰略新思維，希冀能對於我國軍之軍事作戰與後勤維持工作，帶來革新的前瞻思維。</p> <p> </p>
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朱凱麟, 朱凱麟. "後勤支援能量培訓─專業士兵訓練及作戰後勤現代化態勢". 陸軍後勤季刊 111, № 2 (травень 2022): 058–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/230674382022051112005.
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<p>「戰爭的工具，只有知道如何使用才有價值」，新銳尖端武器系統愈趨複雜的今日，單位與野戰級專業後勤人員之訓練工作，則日益具有挑戰性，運用科技與技術提升訓練效率，並且專注於所需目標，強化因材施教之個別化訓練，是提高新職專長訓練成效，以及擴展在職訓練深度之現代方針。</p> <p>美陸軍運用科學與技術已逐步完成現代化優先事項整合，建構關鍵面向之作戰後勤支援實務，並設定里程碑檢核點，審視目標戰力是否已然準備就緒，以應對未來這些一觸即發的多領域作戰，其中分布式交互學習即是為了提升作戰與後勤人員準備就緒程度，其效率也是尚未與時俱進又千篇一律的訓練內容所無法達成的。</p> <p>國軍教戰總則揭櫫：研究發展乃軍隊進步之動力；當前科技強軍與自主國防時代潮流，我陸軍如若善用技術，輔助實作訓練及專業技術培訓，將能快速培養後勤專業人員所需之知識、技能以及作戰後勤支援行動模式，有效支援現代化整體作戰後勤維持目標。</p> <p> </p>
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賀增原, 賀增原. "詭譎戰爭場域中主力戰車之進化". 陸軍後勤季刊 111, № 3 (серпень 2022): 046–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/230674382022081113004.
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<p>中共對我國家安全威脅,除了在臺灣四周圍的空域與海域不斷地增加各種軍事強度,另外看不見的「灰色地帶」威脅種類更加多元。近來美方接續否決與延續我國的軍購案,美方認為那些軍購案不符合臺海「不對稱作戰」防衛需求。參考美國兵棋推演,將中共2030年武力犯臺場景,第一波攻擊已經更改為網路攻擊,致使臺灣斷電、斷網、斷通訊,人民陷入混亂與恐懼,其最終的打擊依舊是臺灣本島,說明主力戰車仍然肩負起灘岸殲敵的重要任務。</p> <p>主力戰車的威脅,除了俄烏戰爭中無人機攻擊,標槍飛彈的“頂攻",尚且存在許多不同攻擊,包含:伏雷、簡易爆炸裝置(Improvised Explosive Device, IED)、裝甲車(戰車)、高能雷射、攻擊直升機、化生放核等等;因此主力戰車為了加強適應戰場詭譎多變的環境,如何持續發展先進的科技以因應戰場環境變化。</p> <p>歐洲國防科技展中,德國萊茵金屬公司亮相下一代(第四代)戰車,提升其火力系統、主動防護系統和感知態勢水準。另外,英國人曾在打擊部隊刪除主力戰車編制,更在2021年重新將“挑戰者2式"升級為“挑戰者3式",為了適應環境威脅,特別將砲塔與射控升級、加強生存與機動性以及導入多領域作戰能力。因此,歐洲下一代戰車普遍為適應多領域作戰環境,均會提升砲塔與射控系統、加強生存與機動以及主被動防護系統。</p> <p> </p>
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鄭, 千九. "核戰略의 道德的 爭點에 관한 硏究". Korean Journal of International Relations 24, № 2 (28 лютого 1985): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.14731/kjir.1985.02.24.2.85.
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徐禮睿, 徐禮睿. "後勤部隊體能訓練成效與兵科基地測考關聯性之研究". 陸軍後勤季刊 112, № 2 (травень 2023): 009–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/230674382023051122002.
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<p>透過對後勤部隊兵科基地測考成效檢定證實，官兵的三項基本體能鑑測成績，與兵科基地測考成績具有顯著性的關聯性。後勤部隊基地訓練測考以一年半為訓練週期，在通過專精訓練及基地普測的嚴格考驗後，續由後勤部隊測考中心進行營、群組合測考。本文研究證實體能訓練是部隊訓練的核心、保持戰力的關鍵， 進而提升後勤部隊「職務所必具、專長所必需、戰訓所必備」之本職學能。</p> <p> </p>
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陳駿穎, 陳駿穎. "俄羅斯後勤與波羅的海國家前線城鎮防禦". 陸軍後勤季刊 112, № 3 (серпень 2023): 057–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/230674382023081123004.
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<p>俄羅斯於2022年2月24日入侵烏克蘭，除關注俄烏戰爭本身外，波羅的海防禦亦被推進北約安全議程核心。故本文就俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭之後勤與軍事行動的環境背景下，探討波羅的海城市邊界的城鎮防禦之合理性。</p> <p>本文首先探討俄羅斯的軍事教條及後勤物流如何交織，以及兩者在烏克蘭戰爭期間的聯合表現。接著概述波羅的海鐵路和公路網路，尤其是那些從波羅的海國家首都通往俄羅斯或白俄羅斯邊境口岸的鐵、公路網路。</p> <p>俄烏戰爭使我們瞭解俄羅斯的軍事能力，另從波羅的海鐵、公路網路的公開訊息中得知可識別的最佳前推軸線。鑑此，在波羅的海城市中心進行前線防禦為最明智之戰略，縱深防禦則保留給次要進攻軸線，俄羅斯在這些軸線上僅有有限的機會依賴鐵路進行後勤支援。然此種選擇在戰略上仍是明智的，即使這種前線防禦的目的只是為爭取時間讓平民撤離，或是讓北約反攻或增援波羅的海國家。</p> <p> </p>
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李品慧, 李品慧. "潛伏結核感染診斷與治療簡介". 醫療品質雜誌 18, № 4 (липень 2024): 052–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/199457952024071804007.
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<p>結核病由結核分枝桿菌引起，透過空氣傳播，全球仍是重大公共衛生挑戰。根據WHO數據，2022年全球結核病例約有1,060萬，130萬人死亡。台灣2023年報告6630確診個案及457死亡案例。潛伏結核感染(latent tuberculosis infection, LTBI)指結核菌在體內休眠，不致病也不具傳染性，但可能轉為活動性結核病。診斷依賴皮膚測試或血液檢測，治療目的是防止未來發展為活動性病例。針對高風險族群進行LTBI治療是全球消除結核病目標的重要策略之一，如接觸者、HIV感染者、以及具發病高風險之潛在疾病者等。治療方式包括多種藥物處方，並需監測副作用。台灣政策已導入相關策略，以期達成2035年消除結核的目標。</p> <p> </p><p>Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Transmitted through the air, TB remains one of the great challenges in global public health and infectious disease control. Latent TB infection (LTBI) refers to a state where TB bacteria survive in the body but remain dormant and inactive, not causing clinical symptoms such as cough, fever, weight loss, or night sweats; thus, LTBI is not contagious. However, untreated LTBI can later develop into active tuberculosis. The bacteria will begin to proliferate and cause disease-related symptoms. TB-related abnormalities may be detected through imaging checks such as X-rays even without obvious clinical symptoms. The World Health Organization estimates that about one-quarter of the global population has LTBI. Although most individuals with LTBI do not develop active TB in their lifetime, those with weakened immune systems, such as patients with HIV, diabetes, or on immunosuppressive drugs, and older adults with age-related immune decline, face a significantly increased risk of LTBI progressing to active TB. This article introduces the latest global and Taiwanese strategies and advancements in diagnosing and treating LTBI, aiming to enhance health-care workers’ understanding of LTBI treatment, thereby contributing to Taiwan’s goal of eliminating TB by 2035.</p> <p> </p>
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張文貞, 張文貞. "監察院憲政轉型的契機與挑戰──以人權為核心". 月旦法學雜誌 318, № 318 (листопад 2021): 88–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/1025593131806.
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許秀霞, 許秀霞. "從大意與主旨的教學談核心素養的呼應－D. Griffiths學術立場的轉變及其在教育行政學之蘊義". 臺東大學教育學報 34, № 1 (червень 2023): 001–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/102711202023063401001.
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<p>「核心素養」是12年課程綱要的重要內涵，係指一個人為適應現在生活及面對未來挑戰，所應具備的知識、能力與態度；特別強調學習不宜以學科知識及技能為限，而應關注學習與生活的結合，透過實踐力行而彰顯學習者的全人發展。語文領域是重要的基礎學科，課文不僅多出自於名家之手，詞句優美、內容豐贍，可供學童學習語言知識；同時包羅萬象的生活情境，更是學童「適應現在生活及面對未來挑戰」的「最好預演」。如能在語文教學時，注意提取大意、歸納主旨之教學，以文章情境旨意呼應核心素養，在具備問題與挑戰的模擬情境之下，協助學童認知、技能與情意綜合表現，對學生核心素養之養成，必有極大助益。國小階段學童正值學習閱讀之階段，進行「摘取大意」時，宜以「一般性的摘要」、「提取式的摘要」為主。讓學生們先熟悉文章內容，再經由老師的逐步引導，慢慢找出重要的句子，並且將之串聯成為流利的短文，讓學童成為作者的「代言人」，濃縮文章精華，以呈現並學習作者之筆觸與風格。提取文章主旨時，則應加以類推，符合學童生活情境，如此既能呼應核心素養的精神，也能讓學生對文章更有感。</p> <p> </p><p>""Core literacy"" is an important connotation of the 12-year syllabus. It refers to the knowledge, ability and attitude that a person should have in order to adapt to the current life and face future challenges. It is especially emphasized that learning should not be limited to subject knowledge and skills, but should be Pay attention to the combination of learning and life, and demonstrate the whole-person development of learners through practice. The field of Chinese is an important basic subject. The texts are not only written by famous experts, but also have beautiful words and sentences and rich content, which can be used for students to learn language knowledge; at the same time, the all-encompassing life situation is the best way for students to ""adapt to the current life and face future challenges"". ""Best preview"". If you can pay attention to the teaching of extracting general ideas and summarizing the main ideas in Chinese teaching, and use the context and purpose of the article to echo the core literacy, and in the simulated situation with problems and challenges, assist students in the comprehensive performance of cognition, skills, and emotions, and have a positive impact on the core literacy of students. Cultivation will be of great help. Elementary school children are at the stage of learning to read, so when doing ""grabbing the general idea"", it is advisable to focus on ""general summaries"" and ""extractive summaries"". Let the students familiarize themselves with the content of the article, and then gradually find out the important sentences through the teacher’s step-by-step guidance, and connect them into a fluent essay, let the students become the ""spokesperson"" of the author, concentrate the essence of the article, and present and learn from the author The touch and style. When extracting the subject of the article, it should be analogized to suit the life situation of the school children, so that it can not only echo the spirit of the core literacy, but also make the students more sensitive to the article.</p> <p> </p>
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NIE, Ye. "善治視角下的人類胚胎研究政策的制訂". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 19, № 2 (21 грудня 2021): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.191948.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
人類胚胎研究的“十四天規則”作為一條重要的倫理原則已實施四十餘年，被很多國家立法採納。近年來，隨著胚胎技術的飛速發展，科學家們對“十四天規則”提出了新的挑戰，也是對相關的倫理研究和公共政策的制訂提出的挑戰，即我們該怎樣看待人類胚胎研究的公共政策？Ana S litis等在〈新興人體胚胎研究技術、十四天規則和胚胎的特殊地位〉（馬修斯、洛伊、伊爾蒂斯2021）一文中鼓勵科學家從促進善治的角度來看待人類胚胎和胚狀體的研究政策，但並未深入探討其原因和意義，本文主要從善治的特徵出發通過對人類胚胎研究政策制訂中如何實現的探討而對該文的上述核心觀點進行回應。
In the article “Emerging Human Embryo Research Technologies, the 14-day Rule, and the Special Status of the Embryo,” one of the authors' core aims is to encourage scientists to look at human embryo research policy from the perspective of promoting good governance. Starting with the characteristics of good governance, this paper responds to Iltis et al. by discussing how to realize good governance in the formulation of human embryo research policy.
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Yi-Heng Chen, Yi-Heng Chen, Hung-Yu Lin Yi-Heng Chen та Chia-Ying Lin Hung-Yu Lin. "微小核酸-29C/類二型賴氨酸氧化酶於肺腺癌之診斷治療意義". 秀傳醫學雜誌 21, № 1 (червень 2022): 035–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/156104972022062101005.
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<p>肺腺癌的早期精準診斷以及其抗藥性的生成一直是臨床上的挑戰。近年來發現 到微核酸 29C 以及類二型賴氨酸氧化酶分別扮演的抑癌以及促癌角色。然而,微核 酸 29C/ 類二型賴氨酸氧化酶軸線的臨床意義以及生物功能尚未釐清。本研究應用 多體學策略探討微核酸 29C/ 類二型賴氨酸氧化酶軸線是否可作為肺腺癌預測模組以 及作為治療標的的潛力。自 cBioPortal 伺服器擷取 7,561 件肺腺癌檢體中,微核酸 29C 的突變光譜展現隨機分布,擴增率僅 3%,且基因套數變化不影響病人存活時 間。相比之下,低表達微核酸 29C 與短存活時間顯著相關,且與類二型賴氨酸氧化 酶呈現負相關。高表達類二型賴氨酸氧化酶與短存活時間顯著相關,並且與 CD8 陽 性 T 細胞呈現負相關,而與癌相關纖維母細胞呈現正相關,顯示出抑制免疫的腫瘤 微環境特徵。此外,微核酸 29C 與臨床分期呈現負向關聯性。TargetScan 生資工具 預測出微核酸 29C 的 3’ 端可標靶類二型賴氨酸氧化酶的兩處 3’ 端未轉譯區,核苷 酸位序 555-561 以及 757-763,表明微核酸 29C 有抑制類二型賴氨酸氧化酶的潛力。 總結本研究發現低表達微核酸 29C 連同高表達類二型賴氨酸氧化酶可預測肺腺癌不 良預後。微核酸 29C/ 類二型賴氨酸氧化酶軸線指出一肺腺癌新生物路徑以及治療 標的。</p> <p> </p><p>The early, precise diagnosis and drug resistance of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains a challenging issue. The tumor suppression role of microRNA- 29C (MIR29C) and the tumor promotion role of lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) have recently been observed. However, the clinical implication and biological function of MIR29C/lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) axis remains unclear. In this study, we utilized the multi-omic approach to investigate whether the MIR29C/LOXL2 axis can serve as a prediction panel and determine its potential as therapeutic targets. Using the cBioPortal server, the mutation landscape of MIR29C in LUAD samples showed that the mutation spectrum presented a random distribution and the amplification rate was as low as 3%, while LOXL2 presented as 6%. The copy number alteration of MIR29C had no effect on the overall survival (OS) rate, whereas that of LOXL2 was associated with poor OS. In contrast, the low expression of MIR29C was significantly associated with shorter OS. MIR29C negatively correlated with LOXL2 mRNA level. High expression of LOXL2 was significantly associated with shorter OS, and connected with lower infiltration levels of CD8+T cells and higher infiltrate levels of cancer associated fibroblast, representing hallmarks of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In addition, MIR29C showed a negative association with advanced stages. Using TargetScan Release 7.2, MIR29C-3p was predicted to target LOXL2 3’UTR at position 555-561 and position 757-763, suggesting its inhibitory potential on LOXL2 expression. In summary, this study revealed that low expression of MIR29C and high expression of LOXL2 predict poor outcomes for LUAD patients. The MIR29C/LOXL2 axis may point out a new biological pathway that could be a potential therapeutic target for LUAD.</p> <p> </p>
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許炳華, 許炳華. "時尚設計著作權可分離性論戰──以美國Star Athletica案為核心". 中正財經法學 18, № 18 (січень 2019): 215–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/207873752019010018004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
美國著作權法之概念上分離自1954年起即引發時尚業及司法實務之混亂，在著作權法之範疇，將美感與實用放在一起總是引發違和之感覺，實用性物品之可著作性為今日著作權法最艱難的爭議之一，「可分離性」原則即被用以處理上開疑難，然而該等原則描述容易，適用卻是困難，而多種現存之概念上分離的標準，使得著作權對於實用性物品之保護成為著作權法中最困難之領域，單一之標準容或降低司法實務間之緊張關係，而得以提供穩定之先例及可預測之結果。美國聯邦最高法院在最近之Star Athletica, L. L. C. v. Varsity Brands, Inc.案即被認為有釐清上開難題之機會，Star Athletica案提出可分離性之新途徑，著作權法並未定義可分離性，Star Athletica案可謂司法意欲填補該等模糊空間最新之嘗試，然而仍被批評所提出之標準缺乏明確性及清晰之指引，多數意見僅僅對法條加以釋義，且對於功能性之理論視若無睹。不過，Star Athletica案亦被認為對於時尚及配件產業，可謂恩賜，如果寬鬆地適用Star Athletica案最高法院所提出之新標準，有可能具備藝術特徵之實用性物品獲得著作權保護之機會將大增。 Conceptual separability in U. S. copyright law has been causing confusion in the fashion industry amongst American since 1954. In copyright law, the marriage of beauty and utility often proves fraught. One of the most difficult issues arising under the Copyright Act today is the copyrightability of useful articles. Seperability doctrine is used to deal with the issues. The doctrine has been easy to state but difficult to apply. The numerous existing tests for conceptual separability have made copyright protection of useful articles an exceedingly difficult area of copyright law. A single test for conceptual separability would alleviate conflict and tension with the judicial system, which would provide firm precedent and predictable outcomes. In Star Athletica, L. L. C. v. Varsity Brands, Inc., the U. S. Supreme Court had an opportunity to clarify the issues. In Star Athletica case, the Supreme Court recently unveiled a new approach to separability. The Copyright Act does not define separability, and Star Athletica is the latest judicial effort to try to fill that void. But the reasoning of Star Athletica still lacks clarity. The majority did little more than paraphrase the statue, and downplayed the functionality concern. Even so, Star Athletica decision is predictrd to be a boon to the fashion and apparel industry.
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BISHOP, Jeffrey P. "現代自由主義、女性割禮，及傳統的合理性". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 5, № 1 (1 січня 2007): 5–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.51435.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese寬容是西方自由主義的核心，它讓相互排斥的觀念與行為可以相互和平的共存， 而不是讓這些觀念與行為的支持者們相互消滅。但是，在對寬容的挑戰方面，遜奈、女性割禮、陰蒂切除或生殖器殘害等帶來的的挑戰可以說是獨一無二的。在這篇文章中，我對西方人對上述行為的批評進行了批判，這並非是要為它們作辯護，而是要指出，西方自由主義本身並沒有提供一個跨文化和永恆的原理，因為它的原理只是在自由主義傳統內部才獲得融貫的。西方人對於遜奈的批評經常將非洲婦女的身體象徵化為陰蒂，這是西方關於性和政治自由概念的象徵。遜奈實踐在其信仰、傳統的網絡之內是融貫的，施行者就是在這些網絡內實施它們的，並因此在這些傳統中得到合理性的辯護。麥金泰爾關於道德質詢的概念於不同傳統間的文化及道德對話這一複雜世界裏，給我提供了一個指導。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 92 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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陳睿鴻, 陳睿鴻, та 藍碧玲 藍碧玲. "應用AHP探討工作績效關鍵成功因素之研究—以陸軍後勤部隊為例". 陸軍後勤季刊 113, № 2 (травень 2024): 026–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/230674382024051132003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>對國軍後勤維修部隊而言，妥適配置運用服務與支援量能，致力提高後勤維修的工作績效係現階段工作之重心。部隊擁有高工作績效的專業人才，方能維持後勤修護能量及提高裝備妥善率，遂行平時及戰演訓所需之各項修護任務，提升國軍戰力。因此，探討提升組織工作績效之關鍵成功因素成為本研究主題。</p> <p> 本研究運用修正式德菲法及層級分析法（AHP），透過文獻探討及專家訪談，確認準則決定層級架構，並以問卷調查建立相關準則系統，經Expert Choice 11決策軟體計算各相關準則間優先順序分析、一致性分析及關鍵成功因素量化指標之權重。</p> <p> 考量人格特質、工作壓力與工作滿意等主準則之研究結果顯示，影響陸軍後勤部隊工作績效主要關鍵成功因素為認真負責、自律、人際互動、時間壓力及工作環境等因素，期能提供決策者或決策群體對後勤維修工作績效考績評核之參據，進一步運用於選訓留用優秀的維修技術人員。</p> <p> </p>
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楊健弘, 楊健弘. "WTO透明化機制在疫情期間之挑戰與機會──以通知義務為核心". 月旦法學雜誌 337, № 337 (червень 2023): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/1025593133706.
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Yi, Chan Su. "Peace as ‘No-war’(非戰), ‘Anti-militarism’(反軍國主義), and ‘Non-nuclear’(非核): The Core of the History of the Concept of Peace in Japan". Journal of Education for International Understanding 13, № 2 (грудень 2018): 77–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.35179/jeiu.2018.13.2.77.
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FREY, R. G. "休謨論自殺". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 3, № 2 (1 січня 2001): 121–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.31400.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese直至今天，任何對自殺道德感興趣的人都會讀到大衛．休謨關於此問題的文章。這有多種原因，但其中核心的一個是，他確立了現代關於自殺道德爭論的出發點，也就是說，生命中某種條件是不是可以？人提供一個道德上可接受的理由，來自主決定結束自己的生命。如果我們認為至少有一些自殺行為是道德的，那麼我們就能夠進行這場爭論，如果我們可以拋棄所有那些神學已經規定好的對自殺的一攬子譴責，那麼我們就能夠思考這場爭論。我注意到在遙遠的十八世紀情境中，這種論證戰略試圖發展出一種沒有神學基礎的倫理學。休謨的案例所得到的結果是關於自殺的一篇很現代的短文，突出自願性和自主性，以及對人的生活條件以及在這種條件下人生活下去的願望進行的反思。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 241 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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楊岳平, 楊岳平. "論去中心化金融與智慧合約的金融監理──以去中心化借貸為中心". 月旦法學雜誌 316, № 316 (вересень 2021): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/1025593131603.
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去中心化金融是近年分散式帳本技術與智慧合約的最新金融應用發展，其於過去1年的快速成長亦顯示其確實具有發展潛力，但其創造的新型態金融服務關係亦對現行民事法律與金融監理帶來挑戰。本文以去中心化借貸為研究對象，介紹此新興金融科技模式發展出的虛擬通貨借款與貸款業務、治理代幣以及去中心化自治組織，釐清此種以智慧合約為核心創造出的新型態金融服務與商業組織的法律關係與定性，並且分析去中心化借貸可能涉及的銀行監理與證券監理問題，探討虛擬通貨借款業務是否構成吸收存款，以及治理代幣是否構成證券性質虛擬通貨，期盼除能釐清去中心化借貸涉及的法律議題之外，亦能藉此機會檢視相關的現行銀行法制與證券法制。<br />
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盧建誌, 盧建誌. "假訊息管制與言論自由的平衡-— 美國網路中介責任的立法邊界探察與反思". 中華傳播學刊 43, № 43 (червень 2023): 153–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/172635812023060043004.
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<p>平台驅動市場中言論競爭失衡導致的壟斷危機，加劇煽動性內容的傳遞與政治極化的現象，促使民主機制遭受挑戰。本研究由憲法言論自由的視野出發，以直接因果連結、最小限制手段與規範不足為理論基礎，論證事前訂立專法管制假訊息勢將無法通過違憲審查的現實。由此，本研究循美國《通訊端正法》第230條的脈絡為觀察，試圖型塑以平台責任為核心的管制論述，構築兼具強化言論自由功能與彰顯「善良撒瑪利亞人」精神的假訊息規範模式。</p> <p> </p><p>As digital technology continues to evolve with the Internet, imbalances in competition have resulted in a risk of monopolies in the online social platforms. These imbalances have led to political polarization and sedition, which have challenged the stability of democratic institutions. In this study, the constitutional right to freedom of speech, direct causal links, least restrictive means, and insufficient specificity were integrated into a theoretical framework to demonstrate that a standard enacted to control the spread of disinformation would not be constitutional. On the basis of Section 230 of the US Communications Decency Act, this study proposes legislative and regulatory approaches for the digital environment. It further describes a legal standard for governing disinformation by upholding the Good Samaritan spirit.</p> <p> </p>
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徐禮睿, 徐禮睿. "陸軍後勤訓練中心結訓成績與後勤支援成效關聯之研究". 陸軍後勤季刊 113, № 2 (травень 2024): 007–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/230674382024051132002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>部隊訓練旨在不斷提升軍人素質，精實部隊戰力，以超敵勝敵為最終目的。因此，如何評估部隊訓練係眾多軍事研究關注的議題，本研究聚焦於後勤兵科訓練與支援成效之關聯，從中探究可能的脈絡，做為教育訓練制定之基礎。</p> <p>陸軍後勤訓練中心（以下稱後訓中心）專責本軍技勤部隊人才培育，每年完訓各類專業專長人員逾6,000人次，對各支援區勤務支援績效之影響不言而喻。本研究透過年度後勤部隊兵科基地測考，檢視官兵個人專業專長鑑測實況，在95%信心水準下，研究發現後訓中心教育訓練，對後勤支援成效具影響力。</p> <p>研究進一步發現落實各級駐地訓練及專精管道訓練，對勤務支援績效同時產生明顯的中介效果，各級依本軍部隊訓練計畫大綱落實執行訓練、考核，除能強化後勤幹部本職學能，亦對提升後勤支援成效有正面助益，值得各級教育、訓練、測考執行參據。</p> <p> </p>
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簡賢文, 簡賢文, 施盈孜 Shen-Wen Chien та 謝松甫 Ying-Tzu Shih. "醫療院所火災風險管理與防減災應變策略之核心議題". 醫療品質雜誌 16, № 2 (березень 2022): 068–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/199457952022031602010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>醫療院所不同於一般公眾使用場所，各樓層空間存在不同醫療使用目的，亦需因應醫療需求規劃空間，尤其近年受COVID-19衝擊，使醫院火災風險及防減災策略面臨挑戰與轉變。由醫院火災災例中可知，硬體設備防護能有效簡化緊急應變作為，但醫院建築硬體安全性仍需與相關人員之減災、應變管理結合，以醫療品質與病人安全為目標，強化防減災邏輯思維，提升醫院整體火災安全。亦應由評鑑制度導引強化醫院火災安全、落實查核並搭配符合特性需求之策略，並重視醫院各級單位及部門間橫向與縱向之火災風險管理與溝通，形成合理可行之防減災應變策略。</p> <p> </p><p>Medical institutions differ from spaces for general public use. Each floor of a medical institution serves different purposes in medical application. Thus, spatial planning according to medical needs is necessary. The outbreak of COVID-19 in recent years subjects the fire risks and disaster prevention and mitigation strategies of hospitals to challenges and changes. According to cases of hospital fire in the past, protection of hardware equipment can effectively simplify emergency response actions. Nevertheless, the hardware security of hospital buildings still requires integration with disaster reduction and response management of relevant personnel to prioritize healthcare quality and patient safety, strengthen disaster prevention and mitigation process design, and improve the overall fire safety of a hospital. An accreditation system should be introduced to strengthen a hospital’s fire safety precautions, conduct thorough inspections, and develop strategies meeting specific needs. Moreover, attention should be paid to horizontal and vertical fire risk management and communication between units and departments at all levels of a hospital, thereby forming reasonable and feasible disaster prevention and mitigation strategies.</p> <p> </p>
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劉亮延, 劉亮延. "抄襲即原創：《關於大野一雄》與舞譜". 藝術評論 43, № 43 (липень 2022): 031–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/101562402022070043002.
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<p>以日本藝術家川口隆夫2013年的單人表演作品《關於大野一雄》為經緯，本文透通過探索土方巽對傳統歌舞伎的翻譯與理解，呈現戰後前衛藝術運動之承襲與擴展。本文核心在於闡述《關於大野一雄》在創作自述中所提出「抄襲即原創」的概念，並從歌舞伎圖像學的脈絡，爬梳複製與抄襲的傳統，藉此分析女形表演與影像(（意象)）間的譜記關係。以歌舞伎類型化角色實踐的立場來理解，本文於結論指出，該這部作品的激進之處在於透，通過妄想、追憶等想像力總和的譜記技術，同時經由變形與退化的途徑，在噴發與穿刺之時，反身性主體得以現身。</p> <p> </p><p>This essay takes “About Kazuo Ohno,”, a one man show project by Takao Kawaguchi in 2013 as the main axis, and presents a study on Japanese Kabuki via the reading and translation from Hijikata Tashumi, a postwar avant-garde artist. It cites “Copy is Original” from Takao Kawaguchi’s statement of “About Kazuo Ohno” and explains the tradition of copy and reduplicate in kabuki iconology, analysis notations relation between Onnagata and its images. In the praxis terms of characterization role playing in Kabuki tradition, this essay draws out the radical thinking by “About Kazuo Ohno,”, that it presents the reflexive subject by taking notation technics for illusion, reminiscence, in sums by imaging; Or or the subject may also appear at the very moment of penetration and menstruation, by transforming and deforming.</p> <p> </p>
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HE, Miao. "輔助生殖技術對傳統儒家倫理的挑戰與反思". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 9, № 1 (1 січня 2011): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.91499.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.以家庭為本位，以血緣關係為紐帶是把握中國傳統的儒家倫理觀和婚姻觀的兩條主線。經過千百年文化積澱，傳統儒家倫理的核心價值和人倫精義早已融入廣大民眾的日常生活和觀念世界，並通過多種多樣的民俗、風俗或習俗得以流傳和積澱，潛移默化地影響和左右人們的觀念與行為。在全球一體化的新世紀，以輔助生殖技術為代表的現代醫療技術在為人類帶來福音的同時，也以前所未有的力量衝擊著傳統的儒家倫理觀念，向傳統的婚姻和家庭關係提出最嚴峻的挑戰。因此，從傳統儒家倫理的視角，理性地審視中國傳統倫理社會的深層本質和家庭婚姻觀念，有助於深化人們對輔助生殖技術倫理問題的認識，促進科學技術與生命倫理的良性互動和協調發展，從而使人類的生殖和繁衍更加科學。Chinese traditional Confucian ethics recognizes the fundamental importance of the family. Appropriate blood-tie relationships have become a major concern in Chinese marriages and family life. As the Confucian ethical tradition has been established for thousands of years, the core values and meanings of Confucian family ethics are implicit in Chinese life and embodied in everyday activities. The family has been taken as a foundation of the state, and family regulation has been taken as an indispensable element in the Confucian societal ideal of “personal cultivation, family regulation, state governance, and the whole world made peaceful.”Assisted reproductive technology (ART) has benefitted Chinese families who have difficulty conceiving naturally. However, it also poses severe challenges to the traditional model of marriage and family relations according to Confucian ethics. The first challenge is that ART causes a separation between reproduction and marriage – gametes from a person outside of the marriage could be used to procreate children, which presents the grave risk of changing the blood-tie-based structure of the family. We must also face the second challenge posed by ART, which is that the application of such technology may inflict harm to the child thus conceived. There have already been Chinese cases involving disputes over who should be considered the legitimate parents of the children conceived through ART. Such cases are enormously controversial and the children are put into quite vulnerable situations.From the perspective of traditional Confucian ethics, Chinese society should be very cautious in applying ART. We should recognize that the problems of infertility involve complicated psychological and social factors that cannot entirely be solved by using advance technology. Moreover, necessary laws and regulations should be formulated according to proper Chinese ethical views that reflect traditional Confucian family ethics. It would be helpful to set up hospital ethics committees to provide consultancy and advice in difficult cases. In short, it is essential to understand the ethical problems involved in the application of ART and to promote a positive interaction and coordination of reproductive technology and Chinese bioethics.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 618 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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周建亨, 周建亨, 施光訓 Chien-Heng Chou та 謝建達 Kuang-Husn Shih. "農會導入行動科技之決策評估模式". 行銷科學學報 18, № 2 (жовтень 2022): 061–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/181666012022101802004.
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<p>數位轉型為我國政府推動的六大核心戰略之一，農會必須要思考如何有效善用新興科技進行數位轉型，提高經營績效與服務品質，補強人口高齡化及外移所出現的勞動力缺口。爰此，農會要如何有效導入行動科技至組織中，促進農會數位轉型的關鍵成功因素是什麼，成為本研究動機之一。回顧過去研究，探討農會轉型的主題多採用員工的問卷調查，但缺少對農會經營者的想法，此為本研究機動之二。爰此，為探討農會導入行動科技應用之決策準則，本研究結合決策實驗室分析法（Decision Making Trial and Evaluation. Laboratory, DEMATEL）與網路分析程序法（Analytic Network Process, ANP），建立農會數位轉型之決策架構，分析結果可作為農會決策者規劃經營策略及分配資源之重要參考依據。</p> <p> </p><p>Digital transformation is one of the six core strategies in Taiwan. Farmers’ associations must consider how to effectively introduce emerging technologies to carry out digital transformation, improve business performance and service quality, and fill the labor gap caused by an aging population and out-migration. Therefore, how to effectively introduce mobile technology into the organization and what are the key success factors to promote the digital transformation of the farmers’ association have become one of the motivations of this study. Reviewing previous studies, the topic of discussion on the transformation of farmers’ associations mostly uses questionnaires from employees, but there is a lack of ideas for operators of farmers’ associations, which is the second motivation of this study. In order to discuss how the farmers’ association can effectively introduce mobile technology, this study combined the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) and the Analytic Network Process (ANP) to establish a decision-making evaluation framework for the digital transformation of farmers’ associations. The results can be used as an important reference for managers to plan business strategies and allocate resources.</p> <p> </p>
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MATTHEWS, Kirstin R. W., Sam LOWE та Ana S. ILTIS. "新興人體胚胎研究技術、 十四天規則和胚胎的特殊地位". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 19, № 2 (21 грудня 2021): 11–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.191941.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English ; abstract also in Chinese. 胚胎研究的＂十四天規則＂已經在國際上實施了幾十年。當前，很多科學家正在挑戰這一限制，因為技術進步使得人類胚胎和胚胎的細胞模型可以培養到其早期發育階段的後期。一些學者質疑人們長期以來持有的胚胎研究應該受到限制的信念，即超過十四天的胚胎研究是不道德的，他們開始提出替代性指導方針。本文通過回顧“十四天規則”的歷史和受這一規則影響的新興研究領域的情況，審查一項新的關於人類胚胎和類胚胎的指南。我們表明社會和政治哲學、形而上學和倫理學所關注的問題對於解釋和應用新的建議或開發替代方案具有核心作用。至關重要的是，科學家在突破十四天的限制去做任何研究之前，應該制訂明確的、深思熟慮的、且有文化敏感性的指導方針，包括具體限制和監督程式，以確保科學能夠適當地回應社會的需求和價值判斷。 After 40 years of abiding by an international guideline that barred human embryo research beyond day 14 of embryonic development, many scientists are now challenging this limit due to technological advances suggesting that embryos and cell-based models of embryos can be cultured to later points in early development. Some scholars have questioned the long-held belief that research beyond 14 days is unethical and have begun proposing alternative guidelines for research. In this paper, we examine a proposal for new human embryo and embryoid guidelines by reviewing the history of the 14-day limit and emerging areas of research that are impacted by these guidelines. We then show how social and political philosophy, metaphysics, and ethics are central to interpreting and applying these new recommendations or developing alternatives. Before conducting any research beyond day 14, scientists must develop clear, thoughtful, and culturally sensitive guidelines that include limitations and oversight procedures to ensure that science responds to societal needs and values.
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曾正宜, 曾正宜. "新課綱核心概念再探". 教育研究月刊, № 324 (квітень 2021): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/168063602021040324001.
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杜素琴, 杜素琴, та 姚瑤 姚瑤. "第二語言環境下朋輩輔導對英語寫作的影響：以香港為例". 語文與國際研究期刊 27, № 27 (червень 2022): 087–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/181147172022060027005.
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<p>在香港高校的全英文教學環境下，學術英語技能對許多學生來說是一個挑戰。因此，學生對英語寫作指導的高需求使得朋輩輔導成為彌補教學資源不足的重要選擇。對朋輩輔導中輔導語言研究（同時使用第一語言L1和第二語言L2）的諸多成果已經為提高學生的英語寫作和溝通能力奠定了堅實的基礎，但用於檢驗朋輩輔導在全英文教學環境（即僅使用 L2）中的輔導效果的實證研究仍然有限。因此，本研究分析了朋輩輔導在一個（英語）寫作諮詢項目中的效果。在全英文教學的大學環境下，這個項目為現有的英語寫作輔導起到了彌補教學資源不足的作用。本研究採用了多重檢核的研究方法，建立了360度監控和評估機制。在項目的各個實施階段，監管其進度和有效性。研究結果表明，朋輩導師在學生和課程教師之間起著關鍵的仲介作用。這表明了該寫作諮詢項目不僅滿足了非英語母語學生對寫作指導的需求，而且促進了朋輩導師的個人整體成長，增強了他們對語言知識的有意義使用。</p> <p> </p><p>Academic English skills have been challenging for many students in English-medium universities in Hong Kong. Thus, the high demand for writing assistance has made peer tutoring an essential alternative to make up for the inadequate teaching resources. Extensive research on the language use (using both first language L1 and second language L2) in peer tutoring has laid a solid foundation in improving English writing and communication skills, yet limited empirical studies are available to examine the effects of peer tutoring in an English-medium (L2 only) context. The present study analyzes the effects of a writing consultation project to complement the existing English writing support services offered on English-medium university campuses. The study employs a triangulated approach in which a 360-degree monitoring and evaluation mechanism was set up to regulate the progress and effectiveness of the project at different implementation stages. Findings demonstrate that peer tutors play a key intermediary role between tutees and course teachers, suggesting that the project not only met the writing needs of non-native English-speaking students, but also fostered tutors’ whole personal growth and enhanced the meaningful use of their linguistic knowledge.</p> <p> </p>
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EDGINTON, Christopher R., Beth KIRKPATRICK, Rick SCHUPBACH, Carol PHILLIPS, Ming-kai CHIN, and Peter CHEN. "Dynamic Pedagogy of Physical Education Teacher Preparation: Linking Practice with Theory." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 16, no. 2 (December 1, 2010): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.161893.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.
Physical education teacher preparation programs are being called into question, failing to inspire, motivate or adequately prepare the needs of learners in the 21st Century. The application of the technical-rationality model for preparing teachers, where gaining theoretical knowledge as a prelude to practice, is being questioned. The problem is that the teaching of theoretical knowledge has not been adequately tied to actual practice of physical education in an effective fashion. This paper presents a frame work for a unique master’s degree program focused on preparing physical education teachers with an emphasis on technology. Known as the POLAR Scholar program, the uniqueness of the program emerges from the unique blend of seven curricular components in a holistic fashion. These include: 1) linking practice with theory, not the reverse; 2) creation of a total immersion, contextually based learning environment; 3) emphasis on the use of technology; 4) daily ongoing engagement with a master physical education teacher; 5) opportunities to use reflection as a strategy to improve professional practice; 6) extension of learning environments to partner organizations beyond the school, leading to greater community engagement; and 7) recruitment and selection of students to operate within cohort groups.
面對21世紀教育的發展趨勢，體育教師的培養面臨挑戰，如何鼓舞，激勵和迎合學生的需要成為關注的重點。以技術理性為主，從理論到實踐的教師培訓模式正在受到質疑。問題是，理論知識在體育教學中並沒有得到有效的實踐和應用。本文闡述了一 種獨特、創新的大學與社區合作的體育碩士培訓課程 -- POLAR Scholars，由美國北愛荷華大學，格蘭迪中心社區學校和芬蘭Polar Electro, Inc.合辦。該課程運用以科技為主的沉浸式教學方法，使用POLAR心率監控器為依據來觀測小學生體育課的運動負荷量，提高學生終身體育與健康意識。課程設計以綜合全面的培訓模式作為重點，包括七個方面: 1) 參加課程培訓的教師從實踐到理論來獲得的直接體育教學經驗，而不是理論到實踐; 2) 採用沉浸式教學方法在學校和社區進行實踐學習；3) 科技教學手段的實際運用; 4) 實習教師與輔導教師的之間的日常協作與夥伴關係；5) 通過實踐學習，提高反思能力；6) 學校和社區相結合，提供與社區交流的機會，讓學生走進社區進行實踐學習; 7) 每年進行全國的招募，審核和挑選優秀的學生參加課程培訓。
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陳萩慈, 陳萩慈, 掌慶維 Chiu-Tsu Chen та 李宏盈 Ching-Wei Chang. "中學體育教師在素養導向體育課程設計歷程的理解與反思". 師資培育與教師專業發展期刊 16, № 3 (грудень 2023): 094–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/207136492023121603004.
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<p>十二年國民基本教育所欲培育的核心素養為各學科的重要依據，惟中學體育教師對素養導向課程概念常未能有效與其教學實踐有效連結。依此，本研究運用逆向式課程設計（backward design），採逆向發展的設計與課程校準，引導教師朝向情境化、脈絡化、整合式的學習經驗設計，協助體育教師建立素養導向課程的深入理解概念，作為後續支持中學體育教師專業發展與實踐之參考。本研究選取5位中學體育教師及1位體育師資培育教授為研究對象，組織4次實務社群會議。資料蒐集採半結構式訪談、參與觀察、持續比較和歸納分析資料。結果顯示：一、社群運作初期，教師感到教學與評量間的矛盾，評量仍著重於技能學習；二、社群運作中，教師將目標設定、學習評量以及學習內容來回校準，嘗試化解「既有現場教學經驗」與「探究學習」間的矛盾，但對於素養導向評量概念尚未純熟；三、社群運作結束後，教師給予逆向式課程設計正向的評價，但在教學實踐上仍有挑戰與困難。逆向式的課程設計有利於化解教師對於素養導向在知識概念與教學行動經驗間的衝突，在教師社群共備之下，持續進行專業教學對話與反思，成為素養導向體育教師增能培力之新策略。</p><p>The core competencies that 12-year Compulsory Education aims to develop are the basis of the curriculum development for each subject. Competence-based Physical Education （CBPE）curriculum, however, has not yet been popularized and implemented. The purpose of this study was to examine the backward design, and structure of the physical education unit intended to enhance physical education teachers’ understanding and practical application of competency-oriented curriculum design. Five secondary school physical education teachers and one physical education teacher education professor was selected for this study, and four learning communities were organized. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, continuous comparison, and inductive analysis. Results were as follows: (1) In the initial community, teachers identified a contradiction between teaching and assessment, although assessments still emphasized skill acquisition; (2) During the community operation, teachers worked towards aligning the curriculum with learning objectives, assessment methods, and learning content, aiming to address the tension between "field teaching experience" and "inquiry learning"; however, they were not yet familiar with the CBPE assessment concept; (3) After the community operation, teachers provided positive feedback on the backward design approach, but encountered challenges and difficulties in implementing it during their teaching practice. Through the co-planning mechanism of teacher learning communities, which encourages dialogue and reflection in Physical Education classes, becoming a competence-based physical education teacher becomes a new strategy for enhancing abilities and training.</p> <p> </p>
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"Chances and Challenges: 從演化網絡的角度來研究漢語方言史——機遇與挑戰". Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 8, № 1 (14 січня 2015): 27–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405478x-00801002.
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提要 目前，學界對漢語方言歷史的了解還不夠完整。語言學家運用各種傳統方法與標準，試圖從假設的共同祖語來擬定聲調或音段的發展，從而界定主要的方言區。但是，有關聲調、音段的發展細節，學界尚遠未達成共識。學者們意見不統一的主要原因在於語言接觸在漢語方言歷史上所扮演的角色。漢語方言的情況跟其他語言不一樣：它們從來沒有真正分開過，也從來沒有獨立地發展，而是不斷在相互影響中演變。因此，我們很難確定方言之間的共同特征是從祖語繼承而來的還是從其他方言中借過來的。最新的生物學演化網絡方法可以作為借鑒，這昭示出歷史語言學一個新的探索方向。這類方法運用縱向及橫向網絡以了解細菌的演化過程。語言學家開始運用這些方法來研究語言的發展，并已獲得可喜的初步成績。本文以漢語方言作為專題研究，運用演化網絡方法來分析漢語歷史語言學的問題。在具體操作上，我們精心挑選了200個核心詞彙，並在該基礎上建立了23種漢語方言的數據集。隨後，筆者針對漢語方言的各種分類理論作出了不同的比較和測試，從而判斷其普遍合理性。比較的結果表明，演化網絡方法對漢語方言史的定量和定性研究起到了舉足輕重的補充作用。為了充分發揮其潛力，我們需要建立更適合語言學研究的演化發展模型，例如加入地理信息等其他佐證，才能夠更全面、更細緻地描述漢語方言的歷史演變。